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identification and characterization of a mosquito-specific eggshell organizing factor in aedes aegypti mosquitoes.mosquito-borne diseases are responsible for several million human deaths annually around the world. one approach to controlling mosquito populations is to disrupt molecular processes or antagonize novel metabolic targets required for the production of viable eggs. to this end, we focused our efforts on identifying proteins required for completion of embryonic development that are mosquito selective and represent potential targets for vector control. we performed bioinformatic analyses to identif ...201930620728
adaptation of aedes aegypti to salinity: characterized by larger anal papillae in larvae. 201930618451
epidemic potential of zika virus in australia: implications for blood transfusion safety.zika virus (zikv) is transfusion-transmissible. in australia the primary vector, aedes aegypti, is established in the north-east, such that local transmission is possible following importation of an index case, which has the potential to impact on blood transfusion safety and public health. we estimated the basic reproduction number (r 0 ) to model the epidemic potential of zikv in australian locations, compared this with the ecologically similar dengue viruses (denv), and examined possible impl ...201930618208
larvicidal and pupicidal activities of eco-friendly phenolic lipid products from anacardium occidentale nutshell against arbovirus vectors.aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus are vectors of diseases that constitute public health problems. the discovery of products capable of inhibiting their development which are less harmful to the environment would have a huge impact on vector control. here, natural cashew nut shell liquid (cnsl), technical cnsl, anacardic acid, cardanol, and cardol were isolated from anacardium occidentale and evaluated for larvicidal and pupicidal activity against ae. aegypti and cx. quinquefasciatus under ...201930610586
assessment of combined tools and strategies for aedes aegypti control with low environmental impact.the control of the mosquito vector aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae) is the main action against dengue, chikungunya, and zika. the excessive use of conventional insecticides has promoted the development of other control methods and strategies with lower environmental impact. we evaluated the effectiveness of applying triflumuron 1 ppm and emptying water-filled containers in a field trial in temperate argentina. both control methods were implemented either individually or combined and regular ...201930607607
alternative strategies for mosquito-borne arbovirus control.mosquito-borne viruses-such as zika, chikungunya, dengue fever, and yellow fever, among others-are of global importance. although vaccine development for prevention of mosquito-borne arbovirus infections has been a focus, mitigation strategies continue to rely on vector control. however, vector control has failed to prevent recent epidemics and arrest expanding geographic distribution of key arboviruses, such as dengue. as a consequence, there has been increasing necessity to further optimize cu ...201930605475
laboratory evaluation of repellency of traditional czech homemade repellents against aedes aegypti.in the czech republic, autochtonous transmission of mosquito borne diseases is not common; however, the need for personal protection should not be underestimated. many people still rely on homemade repellents utilizing recipes based on local folk wisdom that are published annually in local czech media. despite minimal disease risk, nuisance biting and potential allergic responses make it essential to evaluate the chemical composition, effect, and duration of four homemade repellents often used a ...201930602280
igg1 and igg4 antibodies against aedes aegypti salivary proteins and risk for dengue infections.dengue virus (denv) is an arbovirus responsible for a significant number of deaths in latin america. this virus is transmitted through the bite of aedes aegypti, the main mosquito vector, and ae. albopictus. during blood uptake, the mosquito injects its saliva into the host to facilitate the feeding process. mosquito saliva contains potent immunogens capable of inducing antibody production directly related to mosquito bite exposure intensity and disease risk. in this study, we first determined t ...201930601814
rapid loss of resistance to satyrization in invasive mosquitoes and the effects of age on interspecific mating frequency.in several areas where aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) and aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) have come in contact following successful invasions, ae. aegypti have been rapidly displaced by ae. albopictus. recent work has confirmed that mating interference, in the form of satyrization, is likely a driving factor in these competitive displacements. however, in sites of sympatry, ae. aegypti females evolve resistance to satyrization, and in the laboratory, satyrization-susceptib ...201930668807
florida aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) and aedes albopictus vector competency for zika virus.zika virus (zikv) first spread into brazil in 2013 and is now present throughout the americas. in 2016, florida witnessed the beginnings of local zikv transmission. no reports of local transmission have been reported for 2018; however, travel related cases continue to be reported. recurrence of local transmission in the united states is a major public health risk in florida where vectors aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae, linnaeus) and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae, skuse) are abundant an ...201930668772
infection pattern of mayaro virus in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) and transmission potential of the virus in mixed infections with chikungunya virus.mayaro virus (mayv; togaviridae; alphavirus) has drawn increasing attention as an arthropod-borne virus with potential to cause outbreaks among the human populations of the western hemisphere. in the tropical regions of central and south america, the virus exists in sylvatic cycles between mosquitoes and primate reservoirs such as marmosets. although forest-dwelling mosquitoes are regarded as important vectors for mayv, it has been shown previously that the virus can infect and potentially be tr ...201930668762
response of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) survival, life history, and population growth to oak leaf and acorn detritus.aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) and aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) are invasive container mosquitoes that are of potential medical importance in the southern united states. seeds (acorns) and leaves from oak trees can contribute seasonally to the detritus of larval container habitats. herein, we examined the effect of acorns and leaves from the southern live oak (quercus virginiana mill.), which has a concomitant range with these mosquitoes, on the population performance o ...201930668756
spermathecal filling in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus: effects of female and male body sizes and species.the mosquitoes aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) and aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) are ecologically similar species that have evolved independently in their native ranges, ae. aegypti in africa and ae. albopictus in asia. where their invasive ranges overlap, interspecific mating is facilitated by both species swarming to mate around bloodmeal hosts during daylight. here, we test hypotheses to account for variation in spermathecal filling in females of ae. aegypti and ae. al ...201930668724
arbovirus coinfection and co-transmission: a neglected public health concern?epidemiological synergy between outbreaks of viruses transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquitoes, such as chikungunya, dengue, and zika viruses, has resulted in coinfection of humans with multiple viruses. despite the potential impact on public health, we know only little about the occurrence and consequences of such coinfections. here, we review the impact of coinfection on clinical disease in humans, discuss the possibility for co-transmission from mosquito to human, and describe a role for modeli ...201930668574
entomological and sociobehavioral components of heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) infection in two florida communities with a high or low prevalence of dogs with heartworm infection.objective to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding heartworms (dirofilaria immitis) and mosquito vectors among residents (dog owners and non-dog owners) in 2 neighborhoods in florida and to perform entomological surveys of mosquito species in these neighborhoods and identify mosquito species infected with heartworm. design cross-sectional study. sample 2,572 mosquitoes and 96 residents of 2 northern florida communities. procedures a 32-item questionnaire was orally administered to ...201930668298
effect of meteorological factors on the seasonal prevalence of dengue vectors in upland hilly and lowland terai regions of nepal.the expansion of dengue vectors from lowland plains to the upland hilly regions of nepal suggests the likelihood of increased risk of dengue. our objective was to assess the effects of meteorological variables on vector indices and populations of dengue vectors in two different ecological regions of nepal. an entomological survey was conducted in kathmandu and lalitpur (upland) and chitwan (lowland) of nepal in three different seasons from july 2015 to may 2016. the effect of meteorological vari ...201930658693
aedes aegypti larvae treated with spinosad produce adults with damaged midgut and reduced fecundity.the mosquito aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue, chikungunya, zika, and yellow fever viruses, which are responsible for high human morbidity and mortality. the fight against these pathogens is mainly based on the control of the insect vector with the use of insecticides. among insecticides, spinosad bioinsecticide is efficient against a. aegypti larvae and may be an alternative for vector control. here, we investigate the sublethal effects of spinosad during midgut metamorphosis of a. ae ...201930654260
a role for the insulin receptor in the suppression of dengue virus and zika virus in wolbachia-infected mosquito cells.wolbachia-infected mosquitoes are refractory to super-infection with arthropod-borne pathogens, but the role of host cell signaling proteins in pathogen-blocking mechanisms remains to be elucidated. here, we use an antibody microarray approach to provide a comprehensive picture of the signaling response of aedes aegypti-derived cells to wolbachia. this approach identifies the host cell insulin receptor as being downregulated by the bacterium. furthermore, sirna-mediated knockdown and treatment w ...201930650347
extremely long viability of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) eggs stored under normal room condition.the viability of aedes aegypti (linnaeus) eggs was determined by storing the eggs for long period of up to 1,889 d. the viability of eggs declined over time from 88.54 to 4.89% for the storage period of 1-1,883 d (5.15 yr). the percentage of collapsed eggs was inversely proportional to the hatching rate of eggs. in the first day of storage, the eggs remained healthy and intact, and except a few, the eggs were deformed and boat shaped with cleft due to inward shrinkage during long storage of 1,88 ...201930649399
cross-generational effects of heat stress on fitness and wolbachia density in aedes aegypti mosquitoes.aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with wolbachia symbionts are now being released into the field to control the spread of pathogenic human arboviruses. wolbachia can spread throughout vector populations by inducing cytoplasmic incompatibility and can reduce disease transmission by interfering with virus replication. the success of this strategy depends on the effects of wolbachia on mosquito fitness and the stability of wolbachia infections across generations. wolbachia infections are vulnerable ...201930642130
application of convolutional neural networks for classification of adult mosquitoes in the field.dengue, chikungunya and zika are arboviruses transmitted by mosquitos of the genus aedes and have caused several outbreaks in world over the past ten years. morphological identification of mosquitos is currently restricted due to the small number of adequately trained professionals. we implemented a computational model based on a convolutional neural network (cnn) to extract features from mosquito images to identify adult mosquitoes from the species aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus and culex quin ...201930640961
genome-wide transcriptome profiling reveals genes associated with meiotic drive system of aedes aegypti.aedes aegypti is an important mosquito vector of several arboviruses, including dengue, yellow fever, zika, and chikungunya, which cause significant human morbidity and mortality globally. in certain populations of this mosquito, a native meiotic drive system causes abnormal spermatogenesis that results in highly male-biased progenies from some matings. although the basic genetics and cytogenetics of the drive mechanism were elucidated, very little is known on a transcriptome level about how the ...201930634571
aspergillus flavus (link) toxins reduces the fitness of dengue vector aedes aegypti (linn.) and their non-target toxicity against aquatic predator.mosquito that accountable for dispersal of dengue fever is aedes aegypti linn. and considered to be a chief vector for dengue especially in south asian countries. aspergillus flavus is considered to be wild growing green yellow colonies and synthesis highly regulating aflatoxins (b1, b2, g1 and g2) as a secondary metabolite. mycotoxins of a. flavus showed its efficacy against iii and iv instars of ae. aegypti with more than 90% mortality at the prominent dosage of 2 × 108 conidia/ml. the proxima ...201930633984
impact of sugar composition on meal distribution, longevity, and insecticide toxicity in aedes aegypti.toxic sugar baits (tsbs) are an inexpensive and field-applicable approach to deliver a variety of insecticides to sugar-seeking mosquitoes. we reasoned that carbohydrate chemistry could alter the performance and efficacy of tsbs. in this study, the uptake, distribution, and survival of female aedes aegypti provided with twelve different aqueous sugar meals was recorded. sucrose, a standard control sugar used in mosquito rearing, is always diverted to the ventral diverticulum upon ingestion; but ...201930633897
honeysuckle essential oil as a potential source of ecofriendly larvicides for mosquito control.some plant essential oils have insecticidal properties against mosquitoes and can be harnessed as ecofriendly tools for mosquito control. we conducted bioassays to determine the toxicity of italian honeysuckle (lonicera caprifolium) essential oil and its fractions against larvae of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti.201930632272
sex and age modulate antennal chemosensory-related genes linked to the onset of host seeking in the yellow-fever mosquito, aedes aegypti.the mosquito aedes aegypti is the primary vector for the fastest growing infectious disease in the world, dengue fever. disease transmission heavily relies on the ability of female mosquitoes to locate their human hosts. additionally, males may be found in close proximity to humans, where they can find mates. host seeking behaviour of both sexes is dependent on adult sexual maturation. identifying the molecular basis for the onset of host seeking may help to determine targets for future vector c ...201930631085
crossing the mucosal barrier: a commensal bacterium gives dengue virus a leg-up in the mosquito midgut.commensal bacteria that colonize the midgut of aedes aegypti mosquitoes can influence the transmission of arthropod-borne viruses. in this issue of cell host & microbe, wu et al. (2019) show that serratia marcescens bacteria secrete enhancin proteins that cleave membrane-bound mucins, thereby facilitating dengue virus infection of midgut epithelial cells.201930629911
economic burden of dengue in indonesia.dengue is associated with significant economic expenditure and it is estimated that the asia pacific region accounts for >50% of the global cost. indonesia has one of the world's highest dengue burdens; aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus are the primary and secondary vectors. in the absence of local data on disease cost, this study estimated the annual economic burden during 2015 of both hospitalized and ambulatory dengue cases in indonesia.201930629593
ocular findings in yellow fever infection.yellow fever virus (yfv) is a reemerging, potentially lethal arboviral disease that has been occurring recently in africa and south america. poor levels of immunization have facilitated the viral spread in southeastern brazil, leading to an unprecedented outbreak that started in late 2016. although human cases have been linked to sylvatic mosquitoes, the concern is that yfv may spread to urban centers infested with aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes and start a true urban cycle.201930629101
efficacy of lysinibacillus sphaericus against mixed-cultures of field-collected and laboratory larvae of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus.lysinibacillus sphaericus (bacillales: planococcaceae) is a spore-forming bacillus used for the biological control of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) due to its larvicidal activity determined by various toxins and s-layer protein produced either during sporulation or by the vegetative cell. aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus are the vectors of arboviruses that cause tropical diseases representing a current public health problem. both species may coexist in the same larval development sites ...201929784071
encapsulation of piper aduncum and piper hispidinervum essential oils in gelatin nanoparticles: a possible sustainable control tool of aedes aegypti, tetranychus urticae and cerataphis lataniae.the encapsulated essential oils (eos) of piper aduncum l. and piper hispidinervum c. dc. in gelatin nanoparticles were evaluated against aedes aegypti linn., tetranychus urticae koch and cerataphis lataniae boisd.201929971785
lippia gracilis essential oil in β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes: an environmentally safe formulation to control aedes aegypti larvae.one of the most efficient ways to prevent arboviruses, such as dengue fever, yellow fever, chikungunya and zika, is by controlling their vector, the aedes aegypti. because this vector is becoming resistant to most larvicides used, the development of new larvicides should be considered. β-cyclodextrin (β-cd) complexes have been investigated as an interesting way of enabling the use of essential oils in water as larvicides. this study comprised the development of lippia gracilis essential oil (lge ...201929998608
pan-american league of associations for rheumatology-central american, caribbean and andean rheumatology association consensus-conference endorsements and recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of chikungunya-related inflammatory arthropathies in latin america.although mortality rates related with chikungunya (chik) outbreaks in latin america's (la's) dengue-endemic rural and new urban regions are low, dealing with symptoms and sequelae can both produce a significant burden of disease and diminish quality of life-from many months to years-after the acute phase of the infection, with a significant impact on public and individual health.the aim of this work was to establish pan-american league of associations for rheumatology-central american, caribbean ...201930028809
[first evidence of aedes aegypti in the arequipa region, perú 2016]. 201930183928
the intrinsically disordered c-terminal f domain of the ecdysteroid receptor from aedes aegypti exhibits metal ion-binding ability.the dominant vector of dengue and zika diseases is a female aedes aegypti mosquito. its reproduction is controlled by the formation of an active heterodimer complex of the 20-hydroxyecdysone receptor (ecr) and ultraspiracle protein (usp). although ecr exhibits a structural and functional organization typical of nuclear receptors (nrs), the ecr c-terminus has an additional f domain (aafecr) that is rarely present in the nrs superfamily. the presence of f domains is evolutionarily not well conserv ...201930243841
hypometabolic strategy and glucose metabolism maintenance of aedes aegypti egg desiccation.the mosquito aedes aegypti is vector of several viruses including yellow fever virus, dengue virus chikungunya virus and zika virus. one of the major problems involving these diseases transmission is that a. aegypti embryos are resistant to desiccation at the end of embryogenesis, surviving and remaining viable for several months inside the egg. therefore, a fine metabolism control is essential to support these organisms throughout this period of resistance. the carbohydrate metabolism has been ...201930266630
seasonal and spatial distribution of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in a municipal urban park in são paulo, sp, brazil.dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and zika are important arboviruses present in various countries of the world, the etiological agents of which are transmitted to human-beings by the bite of infected females of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. biological aspects of these vectors, such as their distribution and abundance, are influenced by climatic variables such as rainfall and temperature. we assess the spatial and seasonal distribution of ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus, during spring 2014 a ...201930282003
enhanced mortality in deltamethrin-resistant aedes aegypti in thailand using a piperonyl butoxide synergist.aedes aegypti is the primary vector of dengue viruses in thailand. control of this mosquito continues to rely heavily on use of insecticides in various forms and applications. the synergistic effect of piperonyl butoxide (pbo), combined with deltamethrin against eight populations of ae. aegypti collected from different regions in thailand is presented. the standard who adult contact bioassays found all populations with low to moderate levels of resistance to deltamethrin alone (using a 0.05% dis ...201930287252
vertebrate hosts of aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) as potential vectors of zika virus in florida.zika virus (zikv), once considered an obscure pathogen, spread rapidly from 2014 to 2016 to become an internationally notifiable condition of major public health concern. the relative importance of various culex and aedes species mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in zikv transmission is a topic of debate. quantifying host use is important in determining the vectorial capacity of a mosquito species for transmitting zikv in nature. in the united states, few data are available on host use of aedes ae ...201930165498
a comparison of mosquito densities, weather and infection rates of aedes aegypti during the first epidemics of chikungunya (2014) and zika (2016) in areas with and without vector control in puerto rico.in puerto rico, the first records of the transmission of chikungunya (chikv) and zika (zikv) viruses were confirmed in may 2014 and december 2015, respectively. transmission of chikv peaked in september 2014, whereas that of zikv peaked in august 2016. the emergence of these mosquito-transmitted arboviruses in the context of a lack of human population immunity allowed observations of whether the outbreaks were associated with aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) densities and weather. mosquito den ...201930225842
evaluation of aib and peg-polymer insect kinin analogs on mosquito and tick gpcrs identifies potent new pest management tools with potentially enhanced biostability and bioavailability.insect kinins modulate aspects of diuresis, digestion, development, and sugar taste perception in tarsi and labellar sensilla in mosquitoes. they are, however, subject to rapid biological degradation by endogenous invertebrate peptidases. a series of α-aminoisobutyric (aib) acid-containing insect kinin analogs incorporating sequences native to the aedes aegypti mosquito aedeskinins were evaluated on two recombinant kinin invertebrate receptors stably expressed in cell lines, discovering a number ...201930107140
mosquito iridescent virus: new records from nature and infections using strelkovimermis spiculatus (mermithidae) as a vector under laboratory conditions.iridoviridae is a dna virus family that affects both vertebrates and invertebrates. immature aquatic stages of many dipteran species infected with iridovirus have been found in different places worldwide. the most represented genera of the culicidae family are aedes and psorophora. to date, sixteen species of aedes naturally infected with iridoviruses have been reported. moreover, there are four records for the genus psorophora, one for culiseta, and two for culex. in this paper, we report two n ...202031903519
glycolytic profile shift and antioxidant triggering in symbiont-free and h2o2-resistant strigomonas culicis.during their life cycle, trypanosomatids are exposed to stress conditions and adapt their energy and antioxidant metabolism to colonize their hosts. strigomonas culicis is a monoxenous protist found in invertebrates with an endosymbiotic bacterium that completes essential biosynthetic pathways for the trypanosomatid. our research group previously generated a wild-type h2o2-resistant (wtr) strain that showed improved mitochondrial metabolism and antioxidant defenses, which led to higher rates of ...202031760093
measuring the host-seeking ability of aedes aegypti destined for field release.host seeking is an essential process in mosquito reproduction. field releases of modified mosquitoes for population replacement rely on successful host seeking by female mosquitoes, but host-seeking ability is rarely tested in a realistic context. we tested the host-seeking ability of female aedes aegypti mosquitoes using a semi-field system. females with different wolbachia infection types (wmel-, walbb-infected, and uninfected) or from different origins (laboratory and field) were released at ...202031769394
function of aedes aegypti galectin-6 in modulation of cry11aa toxicity.galectins are a family of β-galactoside binding proteins, and insect galectins play a role in immune responses and may also affect cry toxin activity. in this study, we aimed to further understand the function and molecular mechanism of aedes aegypti galectin-6 in modulation of cry11aa toxicity. a. aegypti galectin-6 was cloned, and the recombinant galectin-6 was expressed and purified. bioassays indicated that galectin-6 could reduce the toxicity of cry11aa, protecting a. aegypti larvae. to det ...202031836060
annona muricata: an alternate mosquito control agent with special reference to inhibition of detoxifying enzymes in aedes aegypti.this study was aimed to investigate an effectual level of annona muricata (soursop) extracts on mosquito vectors namely, aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi and culex quinquefasciatus. the toxicity study on non-target organism and other important biochemical marker enzymes to find and illustrate the exact mechanism of specific enzymes responsible for detoxifying allelochemicals. among the various soursop seed kernel extracts tested for larvicidal activity, the 0.9% saline extract exhibited maximu ...202031816498
evolution of the innate and adaptive immune response in women with acute zika virus infection.zika virus (zikv) is a flavivirus that is closely related to other human pathogens, such as dengue virus (denv)1. primary transmission usually involves aedes aegypti, which has expanded its distribution range considerably2, although rarer infection routes, including mother-to-fetus transmission, sexual contact and blood transfusion, have also been observed3-7. primary zikv infection is usually asymptomatic or mild in adults, with quickly resolved blood viraemia, but zikv might persist for months ...202031792427
sequencing of zikv genomes directly from ae. aegypti and cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes collected during the 2015-16 epidemics in recife.zika virus (zikv) is a negative sense rna virus from the flaviviridae family, which was relatively unknown until the first human epidemic in micronesia, in 2007. since its spread to french polynesia and the americas. recife, the capital of pernambuco state and epicenter of the zika epidemic in brazil, experienced a large number of microcephaly cases and other congenital abnormalities associated to the zikv infection from, 2015 to 16. evidences suggest that both aedes aegypti and culex quinquefas ...202031918041
development, larvicide activity, and toxicity in nontarget species of the croton linearis jacq essential oil nanoemulsion.in this study, the essential oil (eo) from leaves of croton linearis jacq was extracted and characterized by gc/ms. the eo hydrophilic-lipophilic balance required (rhlb) for nanoemulsion (ne) development was determined by the griffin' method. for evaluating the larvicidal effect against aedes aegypti, the preparation process of ne was optimized, using a central composite design. it was also evaluated the possible toxic effect of ne in nontarget species. the leaves of c. linearis contain 1.50% of ...202031916152
chemosensation: hate mosquitoes? peel beetroots!finding the right lure for trapping pest insects is difficult. the typical smell of rain and humid soil, geosmin, now turns out to be a strong attractant for the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti.202031910367
cytotoxic and larvicidal activities of stemona alkaloids from the aerial parts and roots of stemona curtisii hook.f.a new stemona alkaloid glycoside derivative, 6-hydroxy-5,6-seco-stemocurtisinoside (4), was isolated from the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of stemona curtisii hook.f., together with stemocurtisine (1), (11z)-1',2'-didehydrostemofoline (2) and 6-hydroxy-5,6-seco-stemocurtisine (3). whereas, stemocurtisine (1), stemocurtisinol (5) and oxyprotostemonine (6) were isolated from the roots. their structures were elucidated using 1d and 2d nmr spectroscopy as well as ms experiments. the extract ...202031899956
aedes aegypti insecticide resistance underlies the success (and failure) of wolbachia population replacement.mosquitoes that carry wolbachia endosymbionts may help control the spread of arboviral diseases, such as dengue, zika and chikungunya. wolbachia frequencies systematically increase only when the frequency-dependent advantage due to cytoplasmic incompatibility exceeds frequency-independent costs, which may be intrinsic to the wolbachia and/or can be associated with the genetic background into which wolbachia are introduced. costs depend on field conditions such as the environmental pesticide load ...202031919396
the olfactory basis of orchid pollination by mosquitoes.mosquitoes are important vectors of disease and require sources of carbohydrates for reproduction and survival. unlike host-related behaviors of mosquitoes, comparatively less is understood about the mechanisms involved in nectar-feeding decisions, or how this sensory information is processed in the mosquito brain. here we show that aedes spp. mosquitoes, including aedes aegypti, are effective pollinators of the platanthera obtusata orchid, and demonstrate this mutualism is mediated by the orchi ...202031871198
discovery of 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as a novel class of noncompetitive inhibitors of 3-hydroxykynurenine transaminase (hkt) from aedes aegypti.the mosquito aedes aegypti is the vector of arboviruses such as zika, chikungunya, dengue and yellow fever. these infectious diseases have a major impact on public health. the unavailability of effective vaccines or drugs to prevent or treat most of these diseases makes vector control the main form of prevention. one strategy to promote mosquito population control is the use of synthetic insecticides to inhibit key enzymes in the metabolic pathway of these insects, particularly during larval sta ...202031864777
geographic shifts in the bioclimatic suitability for aedes aegypti under climate change scenarios in colombia.the dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses are arboviruses predominantly transmitted to humans through the bite of the female mosquito aedes aegypti. currently, the vector represents a potential epidemiological risk in several latin american and pacific countries. however, little is known about the geographical distribution and bioclimatic suitability of this mosquito in the projected climate change scenarios in colombia. using a species distribution model of maximum entropy (maxent) based on pres ...202031909268
surveillance for zika in mexico: naturally infected mosquitoes in urban and semi-urban areas.zika cases have been reported in 29 out of the 32 states of mexico. information regarding which mosquito species might be driving zika virus transmission/maintenance in nature must be regularly updated. from january 2017 to november 2018, mosquitoes were collected indoors and outdoors using the cdc backpack aspirator in urban and semi-urban areas with evidence of mosquito-borne disease transmission. 3873 mosquito pools were tested for zika infection using the cdc trioplex real-time rt-pcr. for e ...202031902313
control of the 2018-2019 dengue fever outbreak in oman: a country previously without local transmission.in december 2018, routine surveillance identified an autochthonous outbreak of dengue fever in muscat governorate, oman, a region previously free of dengue fever.202031639520
insecticidal and mosquito repellent efficacy of the essential oils from stem bark and wood of hazomalania voyronii.the use of hazomalania voyronii, popularly known as hazomalana, to repel mosquitoes and resist against insect attacks is handed down from generation to generation in madagascar. in the present study, we investigated the ability of the essential oils (eos) obtained from the stem wood, fresh and dry bark of h. voyronii to keep important mosquito vectors (aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus) away, as well as their toxicity on three insect species of agricultural and public health importance (c ...202031654797
phytochemical analysis of rhazya stricta extract and its use in fabrication of silver nanoparticles effective against mosquito vectors and microbial pathogens.worldwide, billions of people are at risk from viruses, parasites and bacteria transmitted by mosquitoes, ticks, fleas and other vectors. over exploitation of chemical pesticides to overcome the mosquito borne diseases led to detrimental effects on environment and human health. the present research aims to explore bio-fabrication of metal silver nanomaterials using rhazya stricta extract against deadly mosquito vectors and microbial pathogens. the phytochemical profile of the r. stricta extracts ...202031655455
geosmin attracts aedes aegypti mosquitoes to oviposition sites.geosmin is one of the most recognizable and common microbial smells on the planet. some insects, like mosquitoes, require microbial-rich environments for their progeny, whereas for other insects such microbes may prove dangerous. in the vinegar fly drosophila melanogaster, geosmin is decoded in a remarkably precise fashion and induces aversion, presumably signaling the presence of harmful microbes [1]. we have here investigated the effect of geosmin on the behavior of the yellow fever mosquito a ...202031839454
molecular detection of dengue virus in mosquitoes as an early indicator to aid in the prevention of human infection in endemic areas.human cases of dengue virus based on the national dengue control plan were compared with the molecular detection of the dengue virus in trapped mosquitoes, verifying the prediction and efficacy potentials of vector control between the two methodologies in a city with three endemic frontiers. molecular detection of dengue virus in trapped mosquitoes was significantly higher than in human cases (p = 0.0435). thus, molecular detection could be used as an early indicator to help prevent more human c ...202031697613
the role of lulopat amino acid/proton symporters in midgut alkalinization in the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera - psychodidae).in lutzomyia longipalpis females, which are the main vectors of leishmania infantum in the americas, hematophagy is crucial for ovary development. the control of ph in the midgut during blood digestion is important to the functioning of the digestive enzymes, which release amino acids in the luminal compartment that are then transported through the enterocytes to the hemolymph for delivery to the ovary and other organs. in the present work, we investigated transport systems known as lulopats tha ...202031715141
larval exposure to bacteria modulates arbovirus infection and immune gene expression in adult aedes aegypti.here we have investigated whether bacterial challenges to larval stages of aedes aegypti can influence the adults' immune and vector competence for dengue and zika viruses. we show that larval exposure to live bacillus thuringiensis berliner and enterobacter ludwigii can result in the modulation of virus infection at the adult stage in the absence of bacterial carry-over between the two developmental stages. we observed a significant reduction in virus infection intensity in the mosquitoes expos ...202031726064
excito-repellency activity of andrographis paniculata (lamiales: acanthaceae) against colonized mosquitoes.excito-repellency activity of plant extracts have been increasingly studied as mosquito repellents. in this study, the crude extract of andrographis paniculata was evaluated for its noncontact repellency, contact excitation (irritancy + repellency), and knockdown/toxicity response against five colonized mosquitoes; aedes aegypti (l.), aedes albopictus (skuse), anopheles dirus peyton & harrison, anopheles epiroticus linton & harbach, and culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae) using an ex ...202031550361
the global expansion of dengue: how aedes aegypti mosquitoes enabled the first pandemic arbovirus.dengue is an emerging viral disease principally transmitted by the aedes (stegomyia) aegypti mosquito. it is one of the fastest-growing global infectious diseases, with 100-400 million new infections a year, and is now entrenched in a growing number of tropical megacities. behind this rapid rise is the simple adaptation of ae. aegypti to a new entomological niche carved out by human habitation. this review describes the expansion of dengue and explores how key changes in the ecology of ae. aegyp ...202031594415
mapping aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) and aedes albopictus vector mosquito distribution in brownsville, tx.aedes mosquitoes are vectors of several emerging diseases and are spreading worldwide. we investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of aedes aegypti (linnaeus) and aedes albopictus (skuse) mosquito trap captures in brownsville, tx, using high-resolution land cover, socioeconomic, and meteorological data. we modeled mosquito trap counts using a bayesian hierarchical mixed-effects model with spatially correlated residuals. the models indicated an inverse relationship between temperature and mosquit ...202031400202
assessment of hymenoptera and non-hymenoptera insect bite and sting allergy among patients of tropical region of west bengal, india.west bengal, india, is inhabited by abundance and variety of insects that triggers sensitization in some humans to inhalant allergens and/or insect stings/venoms. lack of research on this topic prevented accurate diagnosis and proper follow-up treatments to patients suffering from insect-induced allergies. the aim of our study was to identify the allergy-causing insects and evaluate resulting sensitization among a study population in west bengal, india. the skin prick test (spt) evaluated sensit ...202031228205
distribution and frequency of the kdr mutation v410l in natural populations of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) from eastern and southern mexico.aedes aegypti (l.) is the primary vector of the viruses that cause dengue, zika, and chikungunya, for which effective vaccines and drugs are still lacking. current strategies for suppressing arbovirus outbreaks based on insecticide use pose a challenge because of the rapid increase in resistance. the widespread and excessive use of pyrethroid-based insecticides has created a large selection pressure for a kdr-type resistance, caused by mutations in the para gene of the voltage-gated sodium chann ...202031504686
towards the optimization of botanical insecticides research: aedes aegypti larvicidal natural products in french guiana.natural products have proven to be an immeasurable source of bioactive compounds. the exceptional biodiversity encountered in amazonia, alongside a rich entomofauna and frequent interactions with various herbivores is the crucible of a promising chemodiversity. this prompted us to search for novel botanical insecticides in french guiana. as this french overseas department faces severe issues linked to insects, notably the strong incidence of vector-borne infectious diseases, we decided to focus ...202031539525
detection of fluorescent powders and their effect on survival and recapture of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).the use of insect markers, such as fluorescent powders, is a useful tool for studying ecological and epidemiological questions. evaluating their effect on vectors of human disease agents, such as the invasive mosquito vector aedes aegypti (linnaeus), is crucial for their practical and reliable use, especially in parameters linked to the risk of disease transmission such as adult survival, dispersal, and host-seeking. seven fluorescent powders (hercules radiant, dayglo (dg), risk reactor (rr), an ...202031587060
chikungunya virus: role of vectors in emergence from enzootic cycles.chikungunya virus (chikv), a re-emerging mosquito-borne arbovirus, has caused millions of cases of severe, often chronic arthralgia during recent outbreaks. in africa, circulation in sylvatic, enzootic cycles involves several species of arboreal mosquito vectors that transmit among diverse nonhuman primates and possibly other amplifying hosts. most disease occurs when chikv emerges into a human-amplified cycle involving aedes aegypti and sometimes aedes albopictus transmission and extensive spre ...202031594410
reduced effectiveness of repellents in a pyrethroid-resistant strain of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) and its correlation with olfactory sensitivity.the mosquito, aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae), is a vector of dengue fever, zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever viruses, and in many areas possesses significant levels of resistance to pyrethroids. behavioral performance was assessed in 15, 30, and 60 min exposures in a high throughput vapor phase spatial repellency assay to three contact repellent standards: n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet), ethyl 3-[acetyl(butyl)amino] propanoate (ir3535), and 2-undecanone, as well as pyrethrum extract, ...202031338960
adaptation to temperate climates: evidence of photoperiod-induced embryonic dormancy in aedes aegypti in south america.dormancy is a developmental arrest in arthropods, in response to unfavorable conditions in temporally varying environments. in aedes aegypti, the supposed inability of eggs to inhibit hatching has been used to explain the restriction of this species to tropical and subtropical regions. however, the geographic range of ae. aegypti is constantly expanding towards temperate regions. thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the ability of ae. aegypti individuals from a temperate region (buen ...202031125550
conservation of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel protein within the insecta.the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (vssc) is essential for the generation and propagation of action potentials. vssc kinetics can be modified by producing different splice variants. the functionality of vssc depends on features such as the voltage sensors, the selectivity filter and the inactivation loop. mutations in vssc conferring resistance to pyrethroid insecticides are known as knockdown resistance (kdr). we analysed the conservation of vssc in both a broad scope and a narrow scope by th ...202031206812
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