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the transcriptional response of aedes aegypti with variable extrinsic incubation periods for dengue virus.dengue fever is the most prevalent arboviral disease globally. dengue virus is transmitted primarily by the aedes aegypti mosquito. one measure of the mosquito's efficiency as a vector is the extrinsic incubation period (eip), which is the time between the ingestion of viremic blood and the emergence of virions in the saliva. the longer it takes virus to infect the midgut and traverse to the saliva, the fewer opportunities the mosquito will have to transmit the pathogen over its lifetime. we hav ...201830335126
development of an urban molecular xenomonitoring system for lymphatic filariasis in the recife metropolitan region, brazil.molecular xenomonitoring (mx)-pathogen detection in the mosquito rather than human-is a promising tool for lymphatic filariasis (lf) surveillance. in the recife metropolitan region (rmr), the last lf focus in brazil, culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes have been implicated in transmitting wuchereria bancrofti parasites. this paper presents findings on the ideal mosquito collection method, mosquito dispersion, w. bancrofti infection in mosquitoes and w. bancrofti antigen in humans to aid mx develop ...201830325933
response to comments on qureshi et al (j pak med assoc 2017; 67: 1797-1802) seasonal and spatial quantitative changes in aedes aegypti under distinctly different ecological areas of lahore, pakistan. 201830323379
comments on qureshi et al (j pak med assoc 2017; 67: 1797-1802) - seasonal and spatial quantitative changes in aedes aegypti under distinctly different ecological areas of lahore, pakistan. 201830323378
location, seasonal, and functional characteristics of water holding containers with juvenile and pupal aedes aegypti in southern taiwan: a cross-sectional study using hurdle model analyses.aedes aegypti carries several viruses of public health importance, including the dengue virus. dengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. prevention and control of dengue mainly rely on mosquito control as there is no antiviral treatment or a who-approved vaccine. to reduce the ae. aegypti population, studying the characteristics of their habitats is necessary. aedes aegypti prefer breeding in artificial water holding containers in peridomestic or domestic se ...201830321168
effects of alternative blood sources on wolbachia infected aedes aegypti females within and across generations.wolbachia bacteria have been identified as a tool for reducing the transmission of arboviruses transmitted by aedes aegypti. research groups around the world are now mass rearing wolbachia-infected ae. aegypti for deliberate release. we investigated the fitness impact of a crucial element of mass rearing: the blood meal required by female ae. aegypti to lay eggs. although ae. aegypti almost exclusively feed on human blood, it is often difficult to use human blood in disease-endemic settings. whe ...201830314399
genetic variation in insect vectors: death of typology?the issue of typological versus population thinking in biology is briefly introduced and defined. it is then emphasized how population thinking is most relevant and useful in vector biology. three points are made: (1) vectors, as they exist in nature, are genetically very heterogeneous. (2) four examples of how this is relevant in vector biology research are presented: understanding variation in vector competence, gwas, identifying the origin of new introductions of invasive species, and resista ...201830314367
zika virus: a critical analysis and pharmaceutical perspectives.zika virus belongs to family of viruses 'flaviviridae' and spreads mostly by daytime-active aedes mosquitoes. the resulting infection is known as zika fever. it is usually asymptomatic or often causes mild symptoms, which are very similar to dengue fever. the aedes aegypti mosquito is also responsible for dengue and chikungunya viruses. zika virus can spread by crossing the placental barrier from a pregnant mother to a fetus, which can result in microcephaly, severe brain malformations including ...201830311585
human and entomologic investigations of chikungunya outbreak in mandera, northeastern kenya, 2016.chikungunya is a reemerging vector borne pathogen associated with severe morbidity in affected populations. lamu, along the kenyan coast was affected by a major chikungunya outbreak in 2004. twelve years later, we report on entomologic investigations and laboratory confirmed chikungunya cases in northeastern kenya. patient blood samples were received at the kenya medical research institute (kemri) viral hemorrhagic fever laboratory and the immunoglobulin m enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (igm ...201830308064
spatio-temporal distribution of vertically transmitted dengue viruses by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from arroyo naranjo, havana, cuba.to study the distribution of vertical transmission of dengue viruses in field-collected aedes aegypti larvae in the municipality of arroyo naranjo in havana, cuba.201830307674
evidence that rh proteins in the anal papillae of the freshwater mosquito aedes aegypti are involved in the regulation of acid-base balance in elevated salt and ammonia environments.aedes aegypti commonly inhabit ammonia-rich sewage effluents in tropical regions of the world where the adults are responsible for the spread of disease. studies have shown the importance of the anal papillae of a. aegypti in ion uptake and ammonia excretion. the anal papillae express ammonia transporters and rhesus (rh) proteins which are involved in ammonia excretion and studies have primarily focused on understanding these mechanisms in freshwater. in this study, effects of rearing larvae in ...201830305376
the effect of parasite infection on the recombination rate of the mosquito aedes aegypti.sexual reproduction and meiotic recombination generate new genetic combinations and may thereby help an individual infected by a parasite to protect its offspring from being infected. while this idea is often used to understand the evolutionary forces underlying the maintenance of sex and recombination, it also suggests that infected individuals should increase plastically their rate of recombination. we tested the latter idea with the mosquito aedes aegypti and asked whether females infected by ...201830300349
neuronal responses of antennal olfactory sensilla to insect chemical repellents in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti.the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, is a vector of many human diseases such as yellow fever, dengue fever, and zika. as insecticide resistance has been widely reported, chemical repellents have been adopted as alternative options for mosquito and mosquito-borne disease control. this study characterized the responses of olfactory receptor neurons (orns) in different types of antennal olfactory sensilla in ae. aegypti to 48 chemicals that exhibited repellent activity in various insect specie ...201830291492
plant essential oils enhance diverse pyrethroids against multiple strains of mosquitoes and inhibit detoxification enzyme processes.mosquito-borne diseases account for the deaths of approximately 700,000 people annually throughout the world, with many more succumbing to the debilitating side effects associated with these etiologic disease agents. this is exacerbated in many countries where the lack of mosquito control and resources to prevent and treat mosquito-borne disease coincide. as populations of mosquito species grow more resistant to currently utilized control chemistries, the need for new and effective chemical mean ...201830287743
projecting the end of the zika virus epidemic in latin america: a modelling analysis.zika virus (zikv) emerged in latin america and the caribbean (lac) region in 2013, with serious implications for population health in the region. in 2016, the world health organization declared the zikv outbreak a public health emergency of international concern following a cluster of associated neurological disorders and neonatal malformations. in 2017, zika cases declined, but future incidence in lac remains uncertain due to gaps in our understanding, considerable variation in surveillance and ...201830285863
relationship between local presence and density of aedes aegypti eggs with dengue cases: a spatial analysis approach.to analyze the relationship between the occurrence of dengue and ovitrap positivity and dengue egg density in two amazonas municipalities (brazil) in 2016.201830282110
microcystin and pyriproxyfen are toxic to early stages of development in rhamdia quelen: an experimental and modelling study.the recent increase of freshwater eutrophication has favored cyanobacteria blooms and consequently the increase of toxins such as microcystin-lr in aquatic environments, but few is know about the associated effect of toxin and other compounds. pyriproxyfen is an insecticide indicated by who (world health organization) to control aedes aegypti mosquito (vector of dengue, chikungunya and zika diseases), however, the effects are not well described to non-target species, such as fish. the early life ...201830278392
serotonin signaling regulates insulin-like peptides for growth, reproduction, and metabolism in the disease vector aedes aegypti.disease-transmitting female mosquitoes require a vertebrate blood meal to produce their eggs. an obligatory hematophagous lifestyle, rapid reproduction, and existence of a large number of transmittable diseases make mosquitoes the world's deadliest animals. attaining optimal body size and nutritional status is critical for mosquitoes to become reproductively competent and effective disease vectors. we report that blood feeding boosts serotonin concentration and elevates the serotonin receptor aa ...201830275337
from incriminating stegomyia fasciata to releasing wolbachia pipientis: australian research on the dengue virus vector, aedes aegypti, and development of novel strategies for its surveillance and control.globally, the dengue viruses (denvs) infect approximately 300 million people annually. australia has a history of epidemic dengue, with outbreaks in the early decades of the twentieth century responsible for tens of thousands of cases. seminal experiments conducted by australian scientists during these outbreaks were the first to incriminate aedes aegypti as a major vector of dengue viruses. one hundred years later, australian scientists are playing a lead role in the development of surveillance ...201830274467
the importance of water typologies in lay entomologies of aedes aegypti habitat, breeding and dengue risk: a study from northern australia.dengue fever is making a significant comeback globally and its control still depends largely on residents' actions. community awareness and education are central to its management; however, programmes have had limited impact, because they are often based on short-term research and limited awareness of the socio-ecological contexts wherein local knowledge of dengue and its vectors (lay entomology) is produced and enacted in and through place. long-term studies of lay knowledge of dengue vectors a ...201830274463
application of artificial neural networks for dengue fever outbreak predictions in the northwest coast of yucatan, mexico and san juan, puerto rico.modelling dengue fever in endemic areas is important to mitigate and improve vector-borne disease control to reduce outbreaks. this study applied artificial neural networks (anns) to predict dengue fever outbreak occurrences in san juan, puerto rico (usa), and in several coastal municipalities of the state of yucatan, mexico, based on specific thresholds. the models were trained with 19 years of dengue fever data for puerto rico and six years for mexico. environmental and demographic data includ ...201830274404
synthetic mirnas induce dual arboviral-resistance phenotypes in the vector mosquito aedes aegypti.mosquito-borne arboviruses are responsible for recent dengue, chikungunya, and zika pandemics. the yellow-fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, plays an important role in the transmission of all three viruses. we developed a mirna-based approach that results in a dual resistance phenotype in mosquitoes to dengue serotype 3 (denv-3) and chikungunya (chikv) viruses. the target viruses are from two distinct arboviral families and the antiviral mechanism is designed to function through the endogenous mirna ...201830271898
current and future distribution of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) in who eastern mediterranean region.aedes-borne diseases as dengue, zika, chikungunya and yellow fever are an emerging problem worldwide, being transmitted by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. lack of up to date information about the distribution of aedes species hampers surveillance and control. global databases have been compiled but these did not capture data in the who eastern mediterranean region (emr), and any models built using these datasets fail to identify highly suitable areas where one or both species may occur. the ...201829444675
a point mutation v419l in the sodium channel gene from natural populations of aedes aegypti is involved in resistance to λ-cyhalothrin in colombia.resistance to pyrethroids in mosquitoes is mainly caused by target site insensitivity known as knockdown resistance (kdr). in this work, we examined the point mutations present in portions of domains i, ii, iii, and iv of the sodium channel gene in aedes aegypti mosquitoes from three colombian municipalities. a partial region coding for the sodium channel gene from resistant mosquitoes was sequenced, and a simple allele-specific pcr-based assay (as-pcr) was used to analyze mutations at the popul ...201829443870
analysis of peptide ligand specificity of different insect adipokinetic hormone receptors.adipokinetic hormone (akh) is a highly researched insect neuropeptide that induces the mobilization of carbohydrates and lipids from the fat body at times of high physical activity, such as flight and locomotion. as a naturally occurring ligand, akh has undergone quite a number of amino acid changes throughout evolution, and in some insect species multiple akhs are present. akh acts by binding to a rhodopsin-like g protein-coupled receptor, which is related to the vertebrate gonadotropin-releasi ...201829439466
functional characterization and quantitative expression analysis of two gnrh-related peptide receptors in the mosquito, aedes aegypti.to cope with stressful events such as flight, organisms have evolved various regulatory mechanisms, often involving control by endocrine-derived factors. in insects, two stress-related factors include the gonadotropin-releasing hormone-related peptides adipokinetic hormone (akh) and corazonin (crz). akh is a pleiotropic hormone best known as a substrate liberator of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. although a universal function has not yet been elucidated, crz has been shown to have roles in ...201829432729
history dependence in insect flight decisions during odor tracking.natural decision-making often involves extended decision sequences in response to variable stimuli with complex structure. as an example, many animals follow odor plumes to locate food sources or mates, but turbulence breaks up the advected odor signal into intermittent filaments and puffs. this scenario provides an opportunity to ask how animals use sparse, instantaneous, and stochastic signal encounters to generate goal-oriented behavioral sequences. here we examined the trajectories of flying ...201829432454
carica papaya (papaya) latex: a new paradigm to combat against dengue and filariasis vectors aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae).this study manifests the larvicidal efficacy of carica papaya latex extract and silver nanoparticles (cpagnps) synthesized using latex, against developing immature juveniles of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. briefly, the latex was collected and fractioned with different solvents such as chloroform, methanol and aqueously. the obtained crude extracts were subjected to larvicidal activity in the dose-dependent method. after 24 h, the mortality rate was calculated and statistically analy ...201829430347
re-emergence of aedes aegypti in egypt. 201829412959
entomopathogenic fungi and their potential for the management of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in the americas.classical biological control has been used extensively for the management of exotic weeds and agricultural pests, but never for alien insect vectors of medical importance. this simple but elegant control strategy involves the introduction of coevolved natural enemies from the centre of origin of the target alien species. aedes aegypti - the primary vector of the dengue, yellow fever and zika flaviviruses - is just such an invasive alien in the americas where it arrived accidentally from its west ...201829412361
the influence of a light and dark cycle on the egg laying activity of aedes aegypti (linnaeus, 1762) (diptera: culicidae).the epidemiological importance of the mosquito aedes aegypti as a vector of multiple human pathogens has generated a growing number of studies on the physiology and behaviour of its blood-feeding females. the activity of oviposition is one of the critical elements contributing to the expansion of ae. aegypti's populations. although there is a vast literature about oviposition behaviour, significant specific knowledge about egg viability and female fertility under light and dark conditions is sti ...201829412343
clinical and epidemiological teaching of dengue through simulated practice.to describe the experience of clinical teaching on dengue and the practice of epidemiological surveillance using problematization methodology.201829412306
[eradication of aedes aegypti: new perspectives on international health cooperation in the americas]. 201829412266
context-dependent interactive effects of non-lethal predation on larvae impact adult longevity and body composition.predation impacts development, behavior and morphology of prey species thereby shaping their abundances, distribution and community structure. non-lethal threat of predation, specifically, can have a strong influence on prey lifehistory characteristics. while investigations often focus on the impact of predation threat on prey in isolation, tests of its interactive effects with food availability and resource competition on prey survival and fitness can improve understanding of costs, benefits an ...201829401513
molecular identification, transcript expression, and functional deorphanization of the adipokinetic hormone/corazonin-related peptide receptor in the disease vector, aedes aegypti.the recently discovered adipokinetic hormone/corazonin-related peptide (acp) is an insect neuropeptide structurally intermediate between corazonin (crz) and adipokinetic (akh) hormones, which all demonstrate homology to the vertebrate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh). to date, the function of the acp signaling system remains unclear. in the present study, we molecularly identified the complete open reading frame encoding the aedes aegypti acp receptor (acpr), which spans nine exons and unde ...201829391531
[the recent epidemic spread of zika virus disease].zika virus (zikv) is one of the members of the spondweni serocomplex within the genus flavivirus of the family flaviviridae. the virus was first isolated from a serum specimen from a sentinel non-human primate in the zika forest of uganda in 1947. zikv is transmitted by aedes aegypti and a. albopictus in an urban cycle and maintained in a sylvatic cycle between aedes mosquitoes and monkeys in africa and asia. initially, the virus was thought to cause only mild and nonspecific clinical symptoms i ...201831105130
effectiveness of a field trap barrier system for controlling aedes albopictus: a "removal trapping" strategy.aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus are the main vectors for the transmission of several viral pathogens, in particular, dengue, zika and chikungunya. in the absence of vaccines and treatment, control of aedes mosquitoes is the only means of keeping these diseases in check. aedes control is difficult, and it is, therefore, necessary to evaluate the efficacy of novel control methods, particularly those targeting adult and exophilic ae. albopictus populations.201829463300
host plant forensics and olfactory-based detection in afro-tropical mosquito disease vectors.the global spread of vector-borne diseases remains a worrying public health threat, raising the need for development of new combat strategies for vector control. knowledge of vector ecology can be exploited in this regard, including plant feeding; a critical resource that mosquitoes of both sexes rely on for survival and other metabolic processes. however, the identity of plant species mosquitoes feed on in nature remains largely unknown. by testing the hypothesis about selectivity in plant feed ...201829462150
increased adult aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) abundance in a dengue transmission hotspot, compared to a coldspot, within kaohsiung city, taiwan.the assumption that vector abundance differences might drive spatial and temporal heterogeneities in vector-borne disease transmission is common, though data supporting it is scarce. here, we present data from two common mosquito species aedes aegypti (linnaeus) and culex quinquefasciatus say, biweekly sampled as adults, from march 2016 through december 2017, with bg-sentinel traps in two neighboring districts of kaohsiung city (kc), taiwan. one district has historically been a dengue transmissi ...201830104501
impact of mosquito age and insecticide exposure on susceptibility of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) to infection with zika virus.zika virus (zikv) is primarily transmitted to humans by aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus. vector⁻virus interactions influencing vector competence vary and depend on biological and environmental factors. a mosquito's chronological age may impact its immune response against virus infection. insecticides, source reduction, and/or public education are currently the best defense against mosquitoes that transmit zikv. this study assessed the effects of a mosquito's chronological age at time of infecti ...201830103526
variation in wolbachia effects on aedes mosquitoes as a determinant of invasiveness and vectorial capacity.wolbachia has been introduced into aedes aegypti mosquitoes to control the spread of arboviruses, such as dengue, chikungunya and zika. studies showed that certain wolbachia strains (such as wmel) reduce replication of dengue viruses in the laboratory, prompting the release of mosquitoes carrying the bacterium into the field, where vectorial capacity can be realistically assessed in relation to native non-carriers. here we apply a new analysis to two published datasets, and show that wmel increa ...201829662096
numerical modeling of mosquito population dynamics of aedes aegypti.the global incidences of dengue virus have increased the interest in studying and understanding the mosquito population dynamics. it is predominantly spread by aedes aegypti in the tropical and sub-tropical countries in the world. understanding these dynamics is important for public health in countries where climatic and environmental conditions are favorable for the propagation of these diseases. for this reason, a new model has been proposed to investigate the population dynamics of mosquitoes ...201829661212
factors related to aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) populations and temperature determine differences on life-history traits with regional implications in disease transmission.aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is a vector of many medically significant viruses in the americas, including dengue virus, chikungunya virus, and zika virus. traits such as longevity, fecundity, and feeding behavior contribute to the ability of ae. aegypti to serve as a vector of these pathogens. both local environmental factors and population genetics could contribute to variability in these traits. we performed a comparative study of ae. aegypti populations from four geographically and ...201829659944
detection of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (diptera: culicidae) populations in southern alabama following a 26-yr absence and public perceptions of the threat of zika virus.with the establishment of zika virus in the americas, an accurate understanding of the geographic range of its primary vector, aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae), is vital to assessing transmission risk. in an article published in june 2016, hahn and colleagues compiled county-level records in the united states for the presence of ae. aegypti and aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) reported between january 1995 and march 2016. despite ecological suitability ...201829659928
coinfection with zika virus (zikv) and dengue virus results in preferential zikv transmission by vector bite to vertebrate host.several tropical cities are permissive to aedes aegypti and dengue virus (denv) endemicity and have allowed for invasion and circulation of zika virus (zikv) in the same areas. people living in arbovirus-endemic regions have been simultaneously infected with ≥2 arboviruses.201829659904
co-breeding association of aedes albopictus (skuse) and aedes aegypti (linnaeus) (diptera: culicidae) in relation to location and container size.the occurrence of major outbreaks of dengue, and other vector borne diseases such as chikungunya and zika in tropical and subtropical regions has rendered control of the diseases a top-priority for many affected countries including malaysia. control of the mosquito vectors aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus through the reduction of breeding sites and the application of insecticides to kill immature forms and adults are the main control efforts to combat these diseases. the present study describe ...201829644025
evaluation of a simple polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe)-based membrane for blood-feeding of malaria and dengue fever vectors in the laboratory.controlled blood-feeding is essential for maintaining laboratory colonies of disease-transmitting mosquitoes and investigating pathogen transmission. we evaluated a low-cost artificial feeding (af) method, as an alternative to direct human feeding (dhf), commonly used in mosquito laboratories.201829642937
yellow fever.the yellow fever (yf) virus is a flavivirus, transmitted by haemagogus, sabethes or aedes aegypti mosquitoes. the disease is endemic in forest areas in africa and latin america leading to epizootics in monkeys that constitute the reservoir of the disease. there are two forms of yf: sylvatic, transmitted accidentally when approaching the forests, and urban, which can be perpetuated by aedes aegypti. in brazil, the last case of urban yf occurred in 1942. since then, there has been an expansion of ...201829641667
identification of entomopathogenic nematodes and symbiotic bacteria from nam nao national park in thailand and larvicidal activity of symbiotic bacteria against aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus.entomopathogenic nematodes (epns) that are symbiotically associated with xenorhabdus and photorhabdus bacteria can kill target insects via direct infection and toxin action. there are limited reports identifying such organisms in the national park of thailand. therefore, the objectives of this study were to identify epns and symbiotic bacteria from nam nao national park, phetchabun province, thailand and to evaluate the larvicidal activity of bacteria against aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus. a ...201829641570
suppression of the pelo protein by wolbachia and its effect on dengue virus in aedes aegypti.the endosymbiont wolbachia is known to block replication of several important arboviruses, including dengue virus (denv), in the mosquito vector aedes aegypti. so far, the exact mechanism of this viral inhibition is not fully understood. a recent study in drosophila melanogaster has demonstrated an interaction between the pelo gene and drosophila c virus. in this study, we explored the possible involvement of the pelo protein, that is involved in protein translation, in wolbachia-mediated antivi ...201829641562
exploring mosquito fauna of majuro atoll (republic of marshall islands) in the context of zika outbreak.first autochthonous zika clinical case was reported in the republic of marshall islands (rmi) on majuro atoll in february 2016. an entomological survey of mosquito larvae and adult populations was carried out in four areas of majuro, the most populated atoll of rmi encompassing different habitats (forest, rural, or urban) including some with confirmed clinical zika cases to evaluate which mosquito species could be involved in the zika transmission. a total of 2,367 immature and adult mosquito sp ...201829635382
a sex-structured model with birth pulse and release strategy for the spread of wolbachia in mosquito population.dengue fever is one of the most important diseases causing illness and death all over the world, which brings tremendous threat to peoples' life and property security, especially in the undeveloped areas. the main vector, aedes aegypti, must be controlled to prevent the transmission of dengue. there are a variety of methods to control it. wolbachia is an innovative bacterium which breaks the dengue transmission cycle for its characteristics of cytoplasmic incompatibility and maternal transmissio ...201829625205
efficacy of aedes aegypti control by indoor ultra low volume (ulv) insecticide spraying in iquitos, peru.aedes aegypti is a primary vector of dengue, chikungunya, zika, and urban yellow fever viruses. indoor, ultra low volume (ulv) space spraying with pyrethroid insecticides is the main approach used for ae. aegypti emergency control in many countries. given the widespread use of this method, the lack of large-scale experiments or detailed evaluations of municipal spray programs is problematic.201829624581
identification of aedes aegypti cis-regulatory elements that promote gene expression in olfactory receptor neurons of distantly related dipteran insects.sophisticated tools for manipulation of gene expression in select neurons, including neurons that regulate sexually dimorphic behaviors, are increasingly available for analysis of genetic model organisms. however, we lack comparable genetic tools for analysis of non-model organisms, including aedes aegypti, a vector mosquito which displays sexually dimorphic behaviors that contribute to pathogen transmission. formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements followed by sequencing (faire-se ...201829996889
tropomyosins in mosquito and house dust mite cross-react at the humoral and cellular level.aedes aegypti and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus contain important allergens including cross-reactive tropomyosins. however, the functional and clinical relevance of their cross-reactivity is still debated.201829992665
mosquito arbovirus survey in selected areas of kenya: detection of insect-specific virus.many arboviral outbreaks have occurred in various locations in kenya. entomological surveys are suitable methods for revealing information about circulating arboviruses before human outbreaks are recognized. therefore, mosquitoes were collected in kenya to determine the distribution of arboviruses.201829991925
environmentally-friendly green approach for the production of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their anti-fungal, ovicidal, and larvicidal properties.green synthesis of nanoparticles can be an important alternative compared to conventional physio-chemical synthesis. we utilized scadoxus multiflorus leaf powder aqueous extract as a capping and stabilizing agent for the synthesis of pure zinc oxide nanoparticles (zno nps). further, the synthesized zno nps were subjected to various characterization techniques. transmission electron microscope (tem) analysis showed an irregular spherical shape, with an average particle size of 31 ± 2 nm. furtherm ...201829986435
molecular aspects of the dengue virus infection process: a review.at the present time, dengue is one of the most important arboviruses affecting man, becoming a serious global public health problem, especially in subtropical and tropical countries, where environmental conditions favor the development and proliferation of the mosquito aedes aegypti. dengue is caused by a type of flavivírus, which is an enveloped virus of spherical geometry. nowadays, it is one of the diseases with the highest incidence in brazil, reaching the population of all states, regardles ...201829984641
aedes aegypti in the black sea: recent introduction or ancient remnant?the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti transmits viral diseases that have plagued humans for centuries. its ancestral home are forests of africa and ~400-600 years ago it invaded the new world and later europe and asia, causing some of the largest epidemics in human history. the species was rarely detected in countries surrounding the mediterranean sea after the 1950s, but during the last 16 years it re-appeared in madeira, russia and in the eastern coast of the black sea. we genotyped ae. aegy ...201829980229
west nile virus and other mosquito-borne viruses present in eastern europe.eastern europe (ee) has been severely affected by mosquito-borne viruses (moboviruses). in this review, we summarize the epidemiology of moboviruses, with particular attention to west nile virus (wnv). the study of wnv human cases in ee between 2010 and 2016, revealed that the epidemiology of wnv in ee is complex with the combination of introduction of different wnv strains from lineages 1 and 2, and the establishment of endemic cycles. we found a positive correlation between the risk of wnv re- ...201829979950
both living bacteria and eukaryotes in the mosquito gut promote growth of larvae.we recently reported that larval stage aedes aegypti and several other species of mosquitoes grow when living bacteria are present in the gut but do not grow when living bacteria are absent. we further reported that living bacteria induce a hypoxia signal in the gut, which activates hypoxia-induced transcription factors and other processes larvae require for growth. in this study we assessed whether other types of organisms induce mosquito larvae to grow and asked if the density of non-living mi ...201829979680
variation in temephos resistance in field populations of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in the state of sergipe, northeast brazil.the organophosphate temephos was first used in brazil in the 1960s for the control of aedes aegypti. because of its extensive and longstanding use worldwide, selection for mosquito populations resistant to the chemical has been observed not only in different regions of brazil but also in several parts of the world. the objective of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of ae. aegypti to the organophosphate temephos, a larvicide used in vector control activities in sergipe/northeast brazi ...201829972557
zika virus: - a review of the main aspects of this type of arbovirosis.the objective of this study was to integrate findings related to zika virus from the scientific literature. an integrative review of medline was conducted, and data search was performed using the health sciences descriptor zika virus and the following filters: full texts available; studies in humans; full articles; and publications in portuguese, french, english, and spanish. after application of the filters, followed by reading of the titles, abstracts, and full texts, 44 studies were included ...201829972554
the surveillance of chikungunya virus in a temperate climate: challenges and possible solutions from the experience of lazio region, italy.chikv has become an emerging public health concern in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere as a consequenceof the expansion of the endemic areas of its vectors (mainly aedes aegypti and aedesalbopictus). in 2017, a new outbreak of chikv was detected in italy with three clusters of autochthonous transmission in the lazio region (central italy), in the cities of anzio, rome, and latina and a secondary cluster in the calabria region (south italy). given the climate characteristics of it ...201830223536
where vectors collide: the importance of mechanisms shaping the realized niche for modeling ranges of invasive aedes mosquitoes.the vector mosquitoes aedes aegypti (l.), native to africa, and aedes albopictus (skuse), native to asia, are widespread invasives whose spatial distributions frequently overlap. predictive models of their distributions are typically correlative rather than mechanistic, and based on only abiotic variables describing putative environmental requirements despite extensive evidence of competitive interactions leading to displacements. here we review putative roles of competition contributing to dist ...201830220875
differences in the replicative capacities of clinical isolates of dengue virus in c6/36 cells and in urban populations of aedes aegypti from colombia, south america.dengue, the most prevalent arboviral disease worldwide, is caused by any of the four dengue virus (denv) serotypes that co-circulate constantly in hyperendemic areas such as medellin (colombia), and these serotypes are transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus aedes. in this study, we evaluated the replicative capacity of strains isolated in medellin between 2003 and 2007 in c6/36 cells and in colonies of aedes aegypti collected during 2010-2011 from high or low-incidence areas within the same city ...201830165044
direct nucleic acid analysis of mosquitoes for high fidelity species identification and detection of wolbachia using a cellphone.manipulation of natural mosquito populations using the endosymbiotic bacteria wolbachia is being investigated as a novel strategy to reduce the burden of mosquito-borne viruses. to evaluate the efficacy of these interventions, it will be critical to determine wolbachia infection frequencies in aedes aegypti mosquito populations. however, current diagnostic tools are not well-suited to fit this need. morphological methods cannot identify wolbachia, immunoassays often suffer from low sensitivity a ...201830161131
regulation of midgut cell proliferation impacts aedes aegypti susceptibility to dengue virus.aedes aegypti is the vector of some of the most important vector-borne diseases like dengue, chikungunya, zika and yellow fever, affecting millions of people worldwide. the cellular processes that follow a blood meal in the mosquito midgut are directly associated with pathogen transmission. we studied the homeostatic response of the midgut against oxidative stress, as well as bacterial and dengue virus (denv) infections, focusing on the proliferative ability of the intestinal stem cells (isc). i ...201829782512
zika virus: report from the task force on tropical diseases by the world federation of societies of intensive and critical care medicine.zika fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the zika virus (zikv), an rna virus belonging to the genus flavivirus. zikv can be transmitted by bites from aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus species, sexual activity, blood transfusion and from mother to fetus during pregnancy and delivery. a total of 50 territories and countries in the americas had reported zikv infections. for those with symptoms, the presentation is similar to dengue fever with body aches, joint pain, fatigue, malaise, fe ...201829779827
genome sequence analysis of a novel bacillus thuringiensis strain blb406 active against aedes aegypti larvae, a novel potential bioinsecticide.blb406 is a novel isolate of bacillus thuringiensis with a larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti larvae. it displays original plasmidic and crystal protein patterns. the present work reported molecular and bioinformatic analyses for the genome sequence of blb406 using miseq illumina next-generation sequencing technology. the reads were assembled by velvet tool. using rast program and pgaap, the genome of blb406 strain was shown to contain 6297 genes corresponding to 5924 protein coding seque ...201829778876
chemical profile and pharmacological effects of the resin and essential oil from bursera slechtendalii: a medicinal "copal tree" of southern mexico.this study reports on the volatile profile and pharmacological activities of the essential oil and resin from bursera slechtendalii, an aromatic medicinal tree commercialized in southern mexico. the essential oil contained 25 volatiles including p-cymen-8-ol (25.4-35.7%), n-hexyl hexanoate (6.8-17.6%) and n-octyl hexanoate (7.6-14.8%), whereas the crystallized resin contained 14 volatiles, including n-octyl acetate (29.6-34.2%), limonene (15.8-18.7%) and n-octyl butyrate (12.6-17-6%). the inhala ...201829777752
modeling dengue vector population using remotely sensed data and machine learning.mosquitoes are vectors of many human diseases. in particular, aedes ægypti (linnaeus) is the main vector for chikungunya, dengue, and zika viruses in latin america and it represents a global threat. public health policies that aim at combating this vector require dependable and timely information, which is usually expensive to obtain with field campaigns. for this reason, several efforts have been done to use remote sensing due to its reduced cost. the present work includes the temporal modeling ...201829777650
use of bead-based serologic assay to evaluate chikungunya virus epidemic, haiti.the index case of chikungunya virus (chikv) in haiti was reported during early 2014; the vector, the pervasive aedes aegypti mosquito, promoted rapid spread throughout the country. during december 2014-february 2015, we collected blood samples from 4,438 persons at 154 sites (62 urban, 92 rural) throughout haiti and measured chikv igg by using a multiplex bead assay. overall chikv seroprevalence was 57.9%; differences between rural (mean 44.9%) and urban (mean 78.4%) areas were pronounced. logis ...201829774861
erratum to "comparative oviposition site selection in containers by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) from florida". 201829618025
a comparative analysis of corpora allata-corpora cardiaca microrna repertoires revealed significant changes during mosquito metamorphosis.the corpora allata (ca) are a pair of endocrine glands with neural connections to the brain and close association with another neuroendocrine organ, the corpora cardiaca (cc). the ca from adult female aedes aegypti mosquitoes synthesize fluctuating levels of juvenile hormone (jh), which have been linked to the ovarian development and are influenced by nutritional signals. in this study, we investigated the potential involvement of micrornas (mirnas), a type of small non-coding rnas, in the regul ...201829605533
mosquito responses to trait- and density-mediated interactions of predation.mosquito and predatory larvae often share the same habitat. predators may influence mosquito prey populations through both lethal effect and non-lethal pathways. a series of experimental manipulations were used to distinguish between lethal (density-mediated interaction) and non-lethal (trait-mediated interaction) effects in a model system comprised of invasive prey mosquito, aedes aegypti, and a predatory mosquito toxorhynchites rutilus. treatments with predators present or manipulations mimick ...201829594613
effect of relaxation of deltamethrin pressure on metabolic resistance in a pyrethroid-resistant aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) strain harboring fixed p989p and g1016g kdr alleles.mutation of the voltage-gated sodium channel genes or knockdown resistance (kdr) and metabolic resistance in aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) are important resistance mechanisms against pyrethroids. the present study investigated the effect of relaxation of deltamethrin selection pressure on the level of mixed-function oxidases (mfo), when the allele frequency of s989p+v1016g mutations is fixed in a resistant ae. aegypti strain (upk-r) from chiang mai, thailand. the mosquitoes were divide ...201829590378
maternal invasion history of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus into the isthmus of panama: implications for the control of emergent viral disease agents.despite an increase in dengue outbreaks and the arrival of chikungunya and zika disease in panama, studies on the demographic history of the invasive aedes mosquitoes that are the principle vectors of these diseases are still lacking in this region. here, we assess the genetic diversity of these mosquitoes in order to decipher their invasion histories into the isthmus of panama. dna sequences from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase i gene obtained from 30 localities in 10 provinces confirmed ...201829579112
frequency and intensity of pyrethroid resistance through the cdc bottle bioassay and their association with the frequency of kdr mutations in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from mexico.the control of aedes aegypti (l.), the main urban vector that causes arboviral diseases such as dengue, chikungunya and zika, has proved to be a challenge because of a rapid increase in insecticide resistance. therefore, adequate monitoring of insecticide resistance is an essential element in the control of ae. aegypti and the diseases it transmits. we estimated the frequency and intensity (resistance frequency rapid diagnostic test [f-rdt] and resistance intensity rapid diagnostic test [i-rdt]) ...201829575404
population dynamics of engineered underdominance and killer-rescue gene drives in the control of disease vectors.a number of different genetics-based vector control methods have been proposed. two approaches currently under development in aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the two-locus engineered underdominance and killer-rescue gene drive systems. each of these is theoretically capable of increasing in frequency within a population, thus spreading associated desirable genetic traits. thus they have gained attention for their potential to aid in the fight against various mosquito-vectored diseases. in the case ...201829570717
repellent activity of trig (n-n diethyl benzamide) against man-biting mosquitoes.a study was conducted to assess efficacy of a new repellent brand trig (15% n-n diethyl benzamide) when compared to deet (20% n-n methyl toluamide). the repellents were tested in laboratory and field. in the laboratory, the repellence was tested on human volunteers, by exposing their repellent-treated arms on starved mosquitoes in cages for 3 minutes at hourly intervals, while counting the landing and probing attempts. anopheles gambiae and aedes aegypti mosquitoes were used. field evaluation wa ...201829552040
hr38, an ortholog of nr4a family nuclear receptors, mediates 20-hydroxyecdysone regulation of carbohydrate metabolism during mosquito reproduction.the aedes aegypti mosquito is the principal vector for many dangerous human viral diseases. carbohydrate metabolism (cm) is essential for supplying the energy necessary for host seeking, blood digestion and rapid egg development of this vector insect. the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e) and the ecdysone receptor (ecr) are important regulators of cm, coordinating it with female reproductive events. we report here that the nr4a nuclear receptor ahr38 plays a critical role in mediating the ...201829526770
jh biosynthesis and hemolymph titers in adult male aedes aegypti mosquitoes.juvenile hormone (jh) is a major hormonal regulator in insects. in aedes aegypti females, jh signals the completion of the ecdysis to the adult stage and initiates reproductive processes. although the regulation of jh synthesis and titer in ae. aegypti females has been extensively studied, relatively little is known about changes of jh synthesis and titers in male mosquitoes, as well as on the roles of jh controlling male reproductive biology. a better understanding of male mosquito reproductive ...201829526769
mosquito pornoscopy: observation and interruption of aedes aegypti copulation to determine female polyandric event and mixed progeny.ades aegypti is the most important arbovirus vector in the world, and new strategies are under evaluation. biological studies mentioning the occurrence of a second mate in aedes aegypti can interfere with vector control program planning, which involves male mosquito release technique. this study presents different experiments to show the occurrence of mixed progeny. mixed male crosses (using a combination of different type of males in confinement with virgin females) showed no polyandric female. ...201829518112
comparative oviposition site selection in containers by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) from florida.invasive container mosquito species aedes aegypti (l.) and ae. albopictus (skuse) frequently co-occur in nature where they are typically segregated spatially by distinctive macrohabitat preferences that may select for different oviposition strategies. in a standard cage environment, we compared oviposition site selection by individual gravid females of these species exposed to variable numbers of water-holding cups and the presence or absence of a rugose wettable container lining. offered plasti ...201829514300
building infestation index for aedes aegypti and occurrence of dengue fever in the municipality of foz do iguaçu, paraná, brazil, from 2001 to 2016.the building infestation index (bii) uses the rapid assay of the larval index for aedes aegypti (liraa) to express the relationship between positive and surveyed properties. we evaluated liraa and the relationship between the bii and climate variables for dengue cases in foz do iguaçu municipality, paraná.201829513847
occurrence of sweet refuse at disposal sites: rainwater retention capacity and potential breeding opportunities for aedes aegypti.nectar is the staple diet of adult mosquitoes in the wild, but its availability is inconsistent and can be affected by rainfall. in urban centers, aedes vectors commonly use man-made containers as their major habitat; however, they can colonize any items replenished by rainfall. garbage output has increased significantly in recent years, at a time when collection frequency is reducing. such garbage usually includes organic components, some of which are sweet and can be fed upon by other animals ...201829512008
the non-canonical notch signaling is essential for the control of fertility in aedes aegypti.the notch signaling pathway is a highly evolutionarily-conserved cell-cell signaling pathway that regulates many events during development. it plays a pivotal role in the regulation of fundamental cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, stem cell maintenance, and differentiation during embryonic and adult development. however, functions of notch signaling in aedes aegypti, the major mosquito vector for dengue, are largely unknown. in this study, we identified a unique feature of a. aegyp ...201829505577
dengue knowledge in indoor dengue patients from low socioeconomic class; aetiology, symptoms, mode of transmission and prevention.dengue fever has emerged as an emerging public health issue during last decade bearing significant morbidity and economic burden particularly in third world countries. current study aims to assess various domains of knowledge of indoor dengue patients..201829504327
resistance of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) populations to deltamethrin, permethrin, and temephos in cambodia.dengue fever is a major public health concern, including 185,000 annual cases in cambodia. aedes aegypti is the primary vector for dengue transmission and is targeted with insecticide treatments. this study characterized the insecticide resistance status of ae aegypti from rural and urban locations. the susceptibility to temephos, permethrin, and deltamethrin of ae aegypti was evaluated in accordance with world health organization instructions. all the field populations showed lower mortality ra ...201829502428
bacterial microbiota of aedes aegypti mosquito larvae is altered by intoxication with bacillus thuringiensis israelensis.insect microbiota is a dynamic microbial community that can actively participate in defense against pathogens. bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is a natural entomopathogen widely used as a bioinsecticide for pest control. although bt's mode of action has been extensively studied, whether the presence of microbiota is mandatory for bt to effectively kill the insect is still under debate. an association between a higher tolerance and a modified microbiota was already evidenced but a critical point rema ...201829499735
anti-diuretic action of a capa neuropeptide against a subset of diuretic hormones in the disease vector aedes aegypti.the mosquito aedes aegypti is a vector responsible for transmitting various pathogens to humans, and their prominence as chief vectors of human disease is largely due to their anthropophilic blood feeding behaviour. larval stage mosquitoes must deal with the potential dilution of their haemolymph in freshwater, whereas the haematophagus a. aegypti female faces the challenge of excess ion and water intake after a blood meal. the excretory system, composed of the malpighian tubules (mts) and hindg ...201829496779
dengue in araraquara, state of são paulo: epidemiology, climate and aedes aegypti infestation.objective to describe the epidemiology of dengue in a medium-sized city in the state of são paulo. methods data, such as circulating serotypes, severe cases and deaths, age group, sex, among others, were obtained on reported and confirmed dengue cases in araraquara, state of são paulo, between 1991 and 2015. climatic and infestation data were also analyzed. these variables were evaluated descriptively, using statistical measures such as frequencies, averages, minimum and maximum. dengue incidenc ...201829489994
truck-mounted natular 2ec (spinosad) ulv residual treatment in a simulated urban environment to control aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in north florida.preemptive treatment of dry habitats with an ultra-low volume (ulv) residual larvicide may be effective in an integrated vector management program to control populations of container-inhabiting aedes mosquitoes, key vectors of zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses. we exposed dry, artificial containers placed in exposed and protected locations to natular 2ec (spinosad) larvicide applied with a truck-mounted ulv sprayer in a simulated urban setting in north florida, and later introduced water and ...201831442121
ultra-low volume application of spinosad (natular 2ec) larvicide as a residual in a tropical environment against aedes and anopheles species.we investigated the efficacy of a liquid larvicide, natular 2ec® (spinosad), applied with ultra-low volume sprayer as a residual application during the dry season in southeastern thailand against 4 medically important species-aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, anopheles dirus, and an. minimus. we found that this larvicide could be applied as a residual to dry areas known to collect water and potentially still be effective after rains or irrigation, which could increase the flexibility and efficiency ...201831442120
effect of travel speed on dispersion of aqualuer 20-20 sprayed by a truck-mounted ultra-low-volume sprayer against caged aedes aegypti1.the effect of travel speed of a truck-mounted ultra-low-volume (ulv) sprayer on its application efficacy was studied at st. johns county fairground, elkton, fl, during summer 2015. the efficacy was assessed by spray deposition, droplet size spectrum, and 24-h mortality of caged adult aedes aegypti, using 2 rows of sampling locations, 15 m apart and spread up to 122 m from the spray. each location had a bioassay cage and an impinger droplet sampler, 1 m apart from each other, at 1.5 m off the gro ...201831442115
application efficacy of vectobac wdg against larval aedes aegypti using thermal fog technology.the effectiveness of thermal fog application of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (vectobac® wdg) against larval aedes aegypti was evaluated in open and forest canopied environments in northeastern florida, using a handheld igeba® tf34 thermal fogger (with water conversion kit). the product was applied at the maximum label rate of 1 kg/ha to linear transects, in each environment, containing empty 0.5-liter cups. after application, late-2nd to early-3rd instars of ae. aegypti were added to each ...201831442110
ultra-low volume application of spinosad (natular 2ec) as a residual in a hot-arid environment against aedes aegypti.the invasive aedes aegypti is an important disease vector increasing in frequency in hot-arid regions of the usa such as the southwest. within hot-arid surroundings this mosquito may be confined to peridomestic locations that tend to be cooler and humid, such as in lush, irrigated ornamental vegetation surrounding homes. however, to reach these habitat refugia, ultra-low volume (ulv) applications of insecticides targeting this mosquito must retain efficacy after being sprayed from the air or str ...201831442108
mosquitocidal activity of a naturally occurring isochroman and synthetic analogs from the plant pathogenic fungus, diaporthe eres against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).the culture filtrate of a plant pathogenic fungus that infects english ivy (hedera helix l., araliaceae) was investigated for mosquitocidal constituents by bioassay-guided isolation. the fungus responsible for pathogenic effects on the plant h. helix has been identified as diaporthe eres nitschke by molecular techniques. the mosquito adulticidal constituent in the culture filtrate was identified as 3,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylisocoumarin (1) by spectroscopic techniques. laboratory bioassay ...201829474636
comparative analysis of major mosquito vectors response to seed-derived essential oil and seed pod-derived extract from acacia nilotica.botanical metabolites are increasingly realized as potential replacements to chemical insecticides. in the present study, acacia nilotica seed essential oil and seed pod solvent extracts were tested for bioefficacy against three important types of mosquitoes. mortality was recorded 24 h post-treatment, while smoke toxicity of adult mosquitoes was recorded at 10 min intervals for 40 min. seed pod powder was extracted with different solvents and hydrodistilled seed oil chemical constituents were d ...201829473901
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