Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| ehrlichia meningitis mimicking aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a case study for medical decision-making heuristics. | thunderclap headache is a sudden and severe headache that can occur after an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (sah). subarachnoid hemorrhage is a medical emergency that requires prompt attention and hospitalization. patients with thunderclap headache often undergo a noncontrast head computed tomography (ct) scan to ascertain sah bleeding and, if the scan is negative, then undergo a lumbar puncture to look for cerebrospinal fluid (csf) red blood cells (rbcs), which would be consistent with an a ... | 2015 | 27053985 |
| use of peptide-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay followed by immunofluorescence assay to document ehrlichia chaffeensis as a cause of febrile illness in nicaragua. | ehrlichia chaffeensis, the etiologic agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis (hme), has been extensively studied as a cause of acute febrile illness and an emerging tick-borne zoonosis in the united states. limited data suggest its presence in other regions, including central and south america but not nicaragua to date. diagnosis of e. chaffeensis infection by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) is the reference standard due to its presumed high sensitivity and specificity, but ifa is impracti ... | 2016 | 27053675 |
| tick-borne infections in human and animal population worldwide. | the abundance and activity of ectoparasites and its hosts are affected by various abiotic factors, such as climate and other organisms (predators, pathogens and competitors) presenting thus multiples forms of association (obligate to facultative, permanent to intermittent and superficial to subcutaneous) developed during long co-evolving processes. ticks are ectoparasites widespread globally and its eco epidemiology are closely related to the environmental conditions. they are obligatory hematop ... | 2015 | 27047089 |
| geographical distribution of amblyomma cajennense (sensu lato) ticks (parasitiformes: ixodidae) in brazil, with description of the nymph of a. cajennense (sensu stricto). | until recently, amblyomma cajennense (fabricius, 1787) was considered to represent a single tick species in the new world. recent studies have split this taxon into six species. while the a. cajennense species complex or a. cajennense (sensu lato) (s.l.) is currently represented by two species in brazil, a. cajennense (sensu stricto) (s.s.) and amblyomma sculptum berlese, 1888, their geographical distribution is poorly known. | 2016 | 27036324 |
| surveillance for heartland virus (bunyaviridae: phlebovirus) in missouri during 2013: first detection of virus in adults of amblyomma americanum (acari: ixodidae). | during 2013, we collected and tested ticks for heartland virus (hrtv), a recently described human pathogen in the genus phlebovirus (bunyaviridae), from six sites in northwestern missouri. five sites were properties owned by hrtv patients, and the sixth was a conservation area that yielded virus in ticks during 2012. we collected 39,096 ticks representing five species; however, two species, amblyomma americanum (l.) (97.6%) and dermacentor variabilis (say) (2.3%), accounted for nearly all ticks ... | 2016 | 27032416 |
| the retinoid x receptor from mud crab: new insights into its roles in ovarian development and related signaling pathway. | in arthropods, retinoid x receptor (rxr) is a highly conserved nuclear hormone receptor. by forming a heterodimeric complex with the ecdysone receptor (ecr), rxr is known to be vital importance for various physiological processes. however, in comparison to ecr, the rxr signaling pathway and its roles in crustacean reproduction are poorly understood. in the present study, the rxr mrna was detected in the ovarian follicular cells of mud crab scylla paramamosain (sprxr) and during ovarian maturatio ... | 2016 | 27009370 |
| risk factors for bartonella species infection in blood donors from southeast brazil. | bacteria from the genus bartonella are emerging blood-borne bacteria, capable of causing long-lasting infection in marine and terrestrial mammals, including humans. bartonella are generally well adapted to their main host, causing persistent infection without clinical manifestation. however, these organisms may cause severe disease in natural or accidental hosts. in humans, bartonella species have been detected from sick patients presented with diverse disease manifestations, including cat scrat ... | 2016 | 26999057 |
| molecular detection and identification of piroplasms in sika deer (cervus nippon) from jilin province, china. | piroplasmosis is an important disease of domestic animals and wildlife and is caused by organisms from the genera theileria and babesia. wildlife such as sika deer play an important role as reservoir hosts for several species of theileria and babesia. using blood samples collected from sika deer, we investigated the epidemiology of theileria spp. and babesia spp. in sika deer from jilin province in china and identified those species that cause pathogenic infections in sika deer. | 2016 | 26984286 |
| determination of the effective dose of a novel oral formulation of sarolaner (simparica™) for the treatment and month-long control of fleas and ticks on dogs. | three laboratory studies were conducted to determine the appropriate dose of sarolaner, a novel isoxazoline, for the treatment and month-long control of infestations of fleas and ticks on dogs. in the first study, dogs were treated orally with sarolaner suspension formulations at 1.25, 2.5 or 5.0mg/kg, and infested with dermacentor reticulatus, rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks and with ctenocephalides felis felis (cat flea) prior to treatment and then weekly for up to 8 weeks. fleas and ticks were ... | 2016 | 26948830 |
| efficacy of a novel oral formulation of sarolaner (simparica™) against five common tick species infesting dogs in the united states. | the efficacy of a single oral treatment with sarolaner (simparica™, zoetis), a novel isoxazoline compound, was evaluated against five tick species known to infest dogs in the united states. a total of 10 laboratory studies, two against each species, were conducted using adult purpose-bred mongrels or beagle dogs. in each study, 16 dogs were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups based on pre-treatment host-suitability tick counts. dogs were infested with approximately 50 unfed adult a ... | 2016 | 26935819 |
| factors associated with tick bites and pathogen prevalence in ticks parasitizing humans in georgia, usa. | the incidence and emergence of tick-borne diseases has increased dramatically in the united states during the past 30 years, yet few large-scale epidemiological studies have been performed on individuals bitten by ticks. epidemiological information, including disease development, may provide valuable information regarding effectiveness of tick bite prevention education, pathogen transmission, human-disease dynamics, and potential implications for under reporting of tick-borne diseases. | 2016 | 26935205 |
| successful treatment of human monocytic ehrlichiosis with rifampin. | currently recommended treatment regimens for human monocytic ehrlichiosis (hme) include doxycycline or tetracycline. antibiotic susceptibility studies demonstrate that rifampin has in vitro bactericidal activity against ehrlichia. case reports have suggested clinical response with rifampin treatment of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (hga). we report the first case of hme successfully treated with rifampin. | 2016 | 26918212 |
| arsenophonus nasoniae and rickettsiae infection of ixodes ricinus due to parasitic wasp ixodiphagus hookeri. | arsenophonus nasoniae, a male-killing endosymbiont of chalcid wasps, was recently detected in several hard tick species. following the hypothesis that its presence in ticks may not be linked to the direct occurrence of bacteria in tick's organs, we identified a. nasoniae in wasps emerging from parasitised nymphs. we confirmed that 28.1% of ixodiphagus hookeri wasps parasitizing ixodes ricinus ticks were infected by a. nasoniae. moreover, in examined i. ricinus nymphs, a. nasoniae was detected on ... | 2016 | 26901622 |
| comparative speed of kill of sarolaner (simparica) and afoxolaner (nexgard) against induced infestations of amblyomma americanum on dogs. | the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum, infests dogs and cats in north america and is the vector of the pathogens that cause monocytic and granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs and humans. a parasiticide's speed of kill is important to minimize the direct and deleterious effects of tick infestation and especially to reduce the risk of transmission of tick-borne pathogens. in this study, speed of kill of a novel orally administered isoxazoline parasiticide, sarolaner (simparica chewable tablets), a ... | 2016 | 26897175 |
| ticks associated with domestic dogs and cats in florida, usa. | voluntary collections of ticks from domestic dogs and cats by veterinary practitioners across florida, usa, were conducted over a 10 month period. of the 1337 ticks submitted, five species of ixodid ticks were identified and included rhipicephalus sanguineus, amblyomma americanum, a. maculatum, dermacentor variabilis, and ixodes scapularis. most ticks were collected from dogs (98.4%) with the most predominant species being r. sanguineus (94.3%). of the ticks collected from cats (1.6%), a. americ ... | 2016 | 26888081 |
| temporal gene expression analysis and rna silencing of single and multiple members of gene family in the lone star tick amblyomma americanum. | saliva is an integral factor in the feeding success of veterinary and medically important ticks. therefore, the characterization of the proteins present in tick saliva is an important area of tick research. here, we confirmed previously generated sialotranscriptome data using quantitative real-time pcr. the information obtained in this in-depth study of gene expression was used to measure the effects of metalloprotease gene silencing on tick feeding. we analyzed the temporal expression of seven ... | 2016 | 26872360 |
| the putative role of rhipicephalus microplus salivary serpins in the tick-host relationship. | inflammation and hemostasis are part of the host's first line of defense to tick feeding. these systems are in part serine protease mediated and are tightly controlled by their endogenous inhibitors, in the serpin superfamily (serine protease inhibitors). from this perspective ticks are thought to use serpins to evade host defenses during feeding. the cattle tick rhipicephalus microplus encodes at least 24 serpins, of which rms-3, rms-6, and rms-17 were previously identified in saliva of this ti ... | 2016 | 26844868 |
| vaccination with an attenuated mutant of ehrlichia chaffeensis induces pathogen-specific cd4+ t cell immunity and protection from tick-transmitted wild-type challenge in the canine host. | ehrlichia chaffeensis is a tick-borne rickettsial pathogen and the causative agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis. transmitted by the amblyomma americanum tick, e. chaffeensis also causes disease in several other vertebrate species including white-tailed deer and dogs. we have recently described the generation of an attenuated mutant strain of e. chaffeensis, with a mutation in the ech_0660 gene, which is able to confer protection from secondary, intravenous-administered, wild-type e. chaffeens ... | 2016 | 26841025 |
| growth of ehrlichia canis, the causative agent of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, in vector and non-vector ixodid tick cell lines. | canine monocytic ehrlichiosis is caused by ehrlichia canis, a small gram-negative coccoid bacterium that infects circulating monocytes. the disease is transmitted by the brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. and is acknowledged as an important infectious disease of dogs and other members of the family canidae worldwide. e. canis is routinely cultured in vitro in the canine monocyte-macrophage cell line dh82 and in non-vector ixodes scapularis tick cell lines, but not in cells derived from ... | 2016 | 26837859 |
| a comparison of the performance of regression models of amblyomma americanum (l.) (ixodidae) using life cycle or landscape data from administrative divisions. | the distribution of amblyomma americanum (l.) in the continental united states has been modelled using the reported distribution in counties as "established" (six or more ticks or two or more life stages were recorded during a specified time period), "reported" (fewer than six ticks of a single life stage were recorded), or "absent" (neither of the above categories were met) and a set of environmental and biotic explanatory variables. categorical (vegetation, climate, and habitat suitability for ... | 2016 | 26826973 |
| maximum entropy-based ecological niche model and bio-climatic determinants of lone star tick (amblyomma americanum) niche. | the potential distribution of amblyomma americanum ticks in kansas was modeled using maximum entropy (maxent) approaches based on museum and field-collected species occurrence data. various bioclimatic variables were used in the model as potentially influential factors affecting the a. americanum niche. following reduction of dimensionality among predictor variables using principal components analysis, which revealed that the first two principal axes explain over 87% of the variance, the model i ... | 2016 | 26824880 |
| development and validation of an improved pcr method using the 23s-5s intergenic spacer for detection of rickettsiae in dermacentor variabilis ticks and tissue samples from humans and laboratory animals. | a novel nested pcr assay was developed to detectrickettsiaspp. in ticks and tissue samples from humans and laboratory animals. primers were designed for the nested run to amplify a variable region of the 23s-5s intergenic spacer (igs) ofrickettsiaspp. the newly designed primers were evaluated using genomic dna from 11rickettsiaspecies belonging to the spotted fever, typhus, and ancestral groups and, in parallel, compared to otherrickettsia-specific pcr targets (ompa,glta, and the 17-kda protein ... | 2016 | 26818674 |
| frequency and distribution of rickettsiae, borreliae, and ehrlichiae detected in human-parasitizing ticks, texas, usa. | to describe the presence and distribution of tickborne bacteria and their vectors in texas, usa, we screened ticks collected from humans during 2008-2014 for rickettsia, borrelia, and ehrlichia spp. thirteen tick species were identified, and 23% of ticks carried bacterial dna from at least 1 of the 3 genera tested. | 0 | 26811941 |
| update on canine and feline blood donor screening for blood-borne pathogens. | an update on the 2005 american college of veterinary internal medicine (acvim) consensus statement on blood donor infectious disease screening was presented at the 2015 acvim forum in indianapolis, indiana, followed by panel and audience discussion. the updated consensus statement is presented below. the consensus statement aims to provide guidance on appropriate blood-borne pathogen testing for canine and feline blood donors in north america. | 2016 | 26806261 |
| comparison of novel and conventional methods of trapping ixodid ticks in the southeastern u.s.a. | tick-borne disease surveillance and research rely on resource-effective methods for tick collection. this study compared the respective performances of several trapping methods in a mixed grassland-forest habitat in western tennessee. to test for temporal differences in effectiveness, sites were sampled monthly (april-august 2013) using dry ice, dragging, flagging, sweep netting, carbon dioxide (co2 ) dragging and co2 flagging methods. to evaluate the effect of habitat on method effectiveness, f ... | 2016 | 26801319 |
| the microbiome of ehrlichia-infected and uninfected lone star ticks (amblyomma americanum). | the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum, transmits several bacterial pathogens including species of anaplasma and ehrlichia. amblyomma americanum also hosts a number of non-pathogenic bacterial endosymbionts. recent studies of other arthropod and insect vectors have documented that commensal microflora can influence transmission of vector-borne pathogens; however, little is known about tick microbiomes and their possible influence on tick-borne diseases. our objective was to compare bacterial c ... | 2016 | 26751816 |
| ixodes scapularis tick saliva proteins sequentially secreted every 24 h during blood feeding. | ixodes scapularis is the most medically important tick species and transmits five of the 14 reportable human tick borne disease (tbd) agents in the usa. this study describes lc-ms/ms identification of 582 tick- and 83 rabbit proteins in saliva of i. scapularis ticks that fed for 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h, as well as engorged but not detached (bd), and spontaneously detached (sd). the 582 tick proteins include proteases (5.7%), protease inhibitors (7.4%), unknown function proteins (22%), immunity ... | 2016 | 26751078 |
| target validation of highly conserved amblyomma americanum tick saliva serine protease inhibitor 19. | amblyomma americanum tick serine protease inhibitor (serpin, aas) 19, is a highly conserved protein that is characterized by its functional domain being 100% conserved across tick species. we also reported that aas19 was an immunogenic tick saliva protein with anti-haemostatic functions and an inhibitor of trypsin-like proteases including five of the eight serine protease factors in the blood clotting cascade. in this study the goal was to validate the importance of aas19 in a. americanum tick p ... | 2016 | 26746129 |
| panola mountain ehrlichia in amblyomma maculatum from the united states and amblyomma variegatum (acari: ixodidae) from the caribbean and africa. | panola mountain ehrlichia (pme) has been suggested as an emerging pathogen of humans and dogs. domestic goats and white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) are also susceptible and likely serve as reservoirs. experimentally, both the lone star tick (amblyomma americanum (l.)) and the gulf coast tick (amblyomma maculatum koch) can transmit pme among deer and goats. in the current study, we detected pme in adult wild-caught a. maculatum from the united states and amblyomma variegatum (f.) from th ... | 2016 | 26744465 |
| tick-borne rickettsial pathogens in questing ticks, removed from humans and animals in mexico. | tick-borne rickettsial diseases (tbrd) are commonly encountered in medical and veterinary clinical settings. the control of these diseases is difficult, requiring disruption of a complex transmission chain involving a vertebrate host and ticks. the geographical distribution of the diseases is related to distribution of the vector, which is an indicator of risk for the population. a total of 1107 were collected by tick drag from forests, ecotourism parks and hosts at 101 sites in 22 of the 32 sta ... | 0 | 26726019 |
| discovery of filarial nematode dna in amblyomma americanum in northern virginia. | ticks collected in 2011 were screened for the presence of filarial nematode genetic material, and positive samples were sequenced for analysis. monanema-like filarial nematode dna was recently discovered in amblyomma americanum in northern virginia, marking the first time genetic material from this parasite has been discovered in ticks in the state. phylogenetic analysis revealed that this material was directly related to a previously discovered filarial nematode in a. americanum populations in ... | 2015 | 26707835 |
| rickettsia amblyommii infecting amblyomma sculptum in endemic spotted fever area from southeastern brazil. | the rickettsia bacteria include the aetiological agents for the human spotted fever (sf) disease. in the present study, a sf group rickettsia amblyommii related bacterium was detected in a field collected amblyomma sculptum (amblyomma cajennense species complex) tick from a brazilian sf endemic site in southeastern brazil, in the municipality of juiz de fora, state of minas gerais. genetic analysis based on genes ompa,ompb and htra showed that the detected strain, named r. amblyommii str. jf, is ... | 2015 | 26676317 |
| habitat and vegetation variables are not enough when predicting tick populations in the southeastern united states. | two tick-borne diseases with expanding case and vector distributions are ehrlichiosis (transmitted by amblyomma americanum) and rickettiosis (transmitted by a. maculatum and dermacentor variabilis). there is a critical need to identify the specific habitats where each of these species is likely to be encountered to classify and pinpoint risk areas. consequently, an in-depth tick prevalence study was conducted on the dominant ticks in the southeast. vegetation, soil, and remote sensing data were ... | 2015 | 26656122 |
| the characterization and manipulation of the bacterial microbiome of the rocky mountain wood tick, dermacentor andersoni. | in north america, ticks are the most economically impactful vectors of human and animal pathogens. the rocky mountain wood tick, dermacentor andersoni (acari: ixodidae), transmits rickettsia rickettsii and anaplasma marginale to humans and cattle, respectively. in recent years, studies have shown that symbiotic organisms are involved in a number of biochemical and physiological functions. characterizing the bacterial microbiome of d. andersoni is a pivotal step towards understanding symbiont-hos ... | 2015 | 26653035 |
| increasing incidence of ehrlichiosis in the united states: a summary of national surveillance of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia ewingii infections in the united states, 2008-2012. | human ehrlichiosis is a potentially fatal disease caused by ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia ewingii. cases of ehrlichiosis are reported to centers for disease control and prevention through two national surveillance systems: nationally notifiable diseases surveillance system (nndss) and case report forms. during 2008-2012, 4,613 cases of e. chaffeensis infections were reported through nndss. the incidence rate (ir) was 3.2 cases per million person-years (pys). the hospitalization rate (hr) w ... | 2015 | 26621561 |
| sustained efficacy of the novel topical repellent tt-4302 against mosquitoes and ticks. | mosquitoes and ticks are blood-feeding pests of humans and animals that can vector many important aetiological agents of disease. previous research demonstrated that tt-4302 (guardian(®) wilderness) containing 5% geraniol applied to human subjects gave 5-6 h of repellency against mosquitoes (depending on species) and was repellent to ticks in vitro. this study was conducted to obtain an independent third-party evaluation of tt-4302 against stegomyia aegypti (= aedes aegypti) (diptera: culicidae) ... | 2016 | 26614394 |
| simulation of climate-tick-host-landscape interactions: effects of shifts in the seasonality of host population fluctuations on tick densities. | tick vector systems are comprised of complex climate-tick-host-landscape interactions that are difficult to identify and estimate from empirical observations alone. we developed a spatially-explicit, individual-based model, parameterized to represent ecological conditions typical of the south-central united states, to examine effects of shifts in the seasonal occurrence of fluctuations of host densities on tick densities. simulated shifts in the seasonal occurrence of periods of high and low hos ... | 2015 | 26611958 |
| emerging horizons for tick-borne pathogens: from the 'one pathogen-one disease' vision to the pathobiome paradigm. | ticks, as vectors of several notorious zoonotic pathogens, represent an important and increasing threat for human and animal health in europe. recent applications of new technology revealed the complexity of the tick microbiome, which may affect its vectorial capacity. appreciation of these complex systems is expanding our understanding of tick-borne pathogens, leading us to evolve a more integrated view that embraces the 'pathobiome'; the pathogenic agent integrated within its abiotic and bioti ... | 2015 | 26610021 |
| borrelia miyamotoi disease: neither lyme disease nor relapsing fever. | borrelia miyamotoi disease (bmd) is a newly recognized borreliosis globally transmitted by ticks of the ixodes persulcatus species complex. once considered to be a tick symbiont with no public health implications, b miyamotoi is increasingly recognized as the agent of a nonspecific febrile illness often misdiagnosed as acute lyme disease without rash, or as ehrlichiosis. the frequency of its diagnosis in the northeastern united states is similar to that of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. a diag ... | 2015 | 26593262 |
| evaluation of deet and eight essential oils for repellency against nymphs of the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum (acari: ixodidae). | deet and eight commercially available essential oils (oregano, clove, thyme, vetiver, sandalwood, cinnamon, cedarwood, and peppermint) were evaluated for repellency against host-seeking nymphs of the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum. concentration-repellency response was established using the vertical paper bioassay technique for each essential oil and compared with that of n,n-diethyl-3-methyl benzamide (deet), a standard repellent compound present in many commercial repellent formulations. ... | 2016 | 26590930 |
| low rate of cetuximab hypersensitivity reactions in northeast tennessee: an appalachian effect? | cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody with a known risk of hypersensitivity reactions. early studies showed hypersensitivity reaction rates of 3%, but there appears to be a higher incidence in the southeastern united states. to confirm the findings from nearby institutions that cetuximab-associated hypersensitivity reactions occur in approximately 20% of patients in the southeastern united states. | 2016 | 26590031 |
| new records of ixodes affinis (acari: ixodidae) parasitizing avian hosts in southeastern virginia. | ixodes affinis neumann (acari: ixodidae) is a hard-bodied tick species distributed throughout much of the southeastern united states. although i. affinis does not parasitize humans, it is a competent vector of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, the causative-agent of lyme disease, and thus contributes to the enzootic maintenance of this pathogen. this study presents evidence of i. affinis parasitizing five new host passerine species. during 2012-2014, 1,888 birds were captured and examined for ... | 2016 | 26586535 |
| evaluation of human attachment by larval amblyomma maculatum (acari: ixodidae). | the tick, amblyomma maculatum koch (gulf coast tick), has recently been shown to be an important disease vector of both medical and veterinary concern. although much is known about the behavior and ecology of adults, little is known of the immatures. larval feeding on humans has never been demonstrated (and thus, there are no collection records from humans). in this experiment, 10 larval a. maculatum, amblyomma americanum (l.) (a positive control), and dermacentor variabilis (say) (a negative co ... | 2016 | 26576936 |
| changing dynamics of human-rickettsial interactions. | 2015 | 26556832 | |
| global transcriptome analysis of the tentacle of the jellyfish cyanea capillata using deep sequencing and expressed sequence tags: insight into the toxin- and degenerative disease-related transcripts. | jellyfish contain diverse toxins and other bioactive components. however, large-scale identification of novel toxins and bioactive components from jellyfish has been hampered by the low efficiency of traditional isolation and purification methods. | 2015 | 26551022 |
| arthropod surveillance programs: basic components, strategies, and analysis. | effective entomological surveillance planning stresses a careful consideration of methodology, trapping technologies, and analysis techniques. herein, the basic principles and technological components of arthropod surveillance plans are described, as promoted in the symposium "advancements in arthropod monitoring technology, techniques, and analysis" presented at the 58th annual meeting of the entomological society of america in san diego, ca. interdisciplinary examples of arthropod monitoring f ... | 0 | 26543242 |
| note on ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia ewingii, and "borrelia lonestari" infection in lone star ticks (acari: ixodidae), nebraska, usa. | the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum (l.) (acari: ixodidae), is established in southeastern nebraska yet the prevalence of tick-associated microorganisms is not known. an initial pcr-based analysis for ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia ewingii, and borrelia infection in host-seeking adult ticks collected in southeast nebraska was conducted. a total of 251 adult ticks collected in six sites in southeast nebraska were tested. e. chaffeensis, e. ewingii, and borrelia spp. were present, and the p ... | 2016 | 26515060 |
| development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against the nucleoprotein of heartland virus. | heartland virus (hrtv), a phlebovirus first isolated from two missouri farmers in 2009, has been proposed to be transmitted to humans by the bite of infected amblyomma americanum ticks. it is closely related to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) from china, another previously unrecognized phlebovirus that has subsequently been associated with hundreds of cases of severe disease in humans. to expand diagnostic capacity to detect hrtv infections, 20 hybridoma clones secretin ... | 2015 | 26503274 |
| expanding range of amblyomma americanum and simultaneous changes in the epidemiology of spotted fever group rickettsiosis in the united states. | spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsia species are etiologic agents of a wide range of human infections from asymptomatic or mild infections to severe, life-threatening disease. in the united states, recent passive surveillance for sfg rickettsiosis shows an increased incidence and decreased severity of reported cases. the reasons for this are not well understood; however, we hypothesize that less pathogenic rickettsiae are causing more human infections, while the incidence of disease caused by mo ... | 2015 | 26503270 |
| a dynamic population model to investigate effects of climate and climate-independent factors on the lifecycle of amblyomma americanum (acari: ixodidae). | the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum, is a disease vector of significance for human and animal health throughout much of the eastern united states. to model the potential effects of climate change on this tick, a better understanding is needed of the relative roles of temperature-dependent and temperature-independent (day-length-dependent behavioral or morphogenetic diapause) processes acting on the tick lifecycle. in this study, we explored the roles of these processes by simulating seasona ... | 2016 | 26502753 |
| from within host dynamics to the epidemiology of infectious disease: scientific overview and challenges. | since their earliest days, humans have been struggling with infectious diseases. caused by viruses, bacteria, protozoa, or even higher organisms like worms, these diseases depend critically on numerous intricate interactions between parasites and hosts, and while we have learned much about these interactions, many details are still obscure. it is evident that the combined host-parasite dynamics constitutes a complex system that involves components and processes at multiple scales of time, space, ... | 2015 | 26474512 |
| naturally occurring ehrlichia ewingii and mycoplasma sp. co-infection in a goat. | 2015 | 26473432 | |
| mutual medication in capuchin monkeys - social anointing improves coverage of topically applied anti-parasite medicines. | wild and captive capuchin monkeys will anoint themselves with a range of strong smelling substances including millipedes, ants, limes and onions. hypotheses for the function of the behaviour range from medicinal to social. however, capuchin monkeys may anoint in contact with other individuals, as well as individually. the function of social anointing has also been explained as either medicinal or to enhance social bonding. by manipulating the abundance of an anointing resource given to two group ... | 2015 | 26456539 |
| solving a bloody mess: b-vitamin independent metabolic convergence among gammaproteobacterial obligate endosymbionts from blood-feeding arthropods and the leech haementeria officinalis. | endosymbiosis is a common phenomenon in nature, especially between bacteria and insects, whose typically unbalanced diets are usually complemented by their obligate endosymbionts. while much interest and focus has been directed toward phloem-feeders like aphids and mealybugs, blood-feeders such as the lone star tick (amblyomma americanum), glossina flies, and the human body louse (pediculus humanus corporis) depend on obligate endosymbionts which complement their b-vitamin-deficient diets, and t ... | 2015 | 26454017 |
| the diversity and prevalence of hard ticks attacking human hosts in eastern siberia (russian federation) with first description of invasion of non-endemic tick species. | hard ticks are the vectors of many pathogens including tick-borne encephalitis virus and the lyme disease agent borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. in eastern siberia, ixodes persulcatus, dermacentor nuttalli, dermacentor silvarum and haemaphysalis concinna are regarded as aggressive to humans. recently, significant changes in world tick fauna have been reported and this affects the spread of tick-borne pathogens. we studied the current species diversity, population structure and prevalence of tick ... | 2016 | 26443685 |
| avian migrants facilitate invasions of neotropical ticks and tick-borne pathogens into the united states. | migratory birds have the potential to transport exotic vectors and pathogens of human and animal health importance across vast distances. we systematically examined birds that recently migrated to the united states from the neotropics for ticks. we screened both ticks and birds for tick-borne pathogens, including rickettsia species and borrelia burgdorferi. over two spring seasons (2013 and 2014), 3.56% of birds (n = 3,844) representing 42.35% of the species examined (n = 85) were infested by ti ... | 2015 | 26431964 |
| detection of rickettsia bellii and rickettsia amblyommii in amblyomma longirostre (acari: ixodidae) from bahia state, northeast brazil. | studies investigating rickettsial infections in ticks parasitizing wild animals in the northeast region of brazil have been confined to the detection of rickettsia amblyommii in immature stages of amblyomma longirostre collected from birds in the state of bahia, and in immatures and females of amblyomma auricularium collected from the striped hog-nosed skunk (conepatus semistriatus) and armadillos (euphractus sexcinctus) in the state of pernambuco. the current study extends the distribution of r ... | 2015 | 26413074 |
| human infection with ehrlichia muris-like pathogen, united states, 2007-2013(1). | an ehrlichia muris-like (eml) pathogen was detected among 4 patients in minnesota and wisconsin during 2009. we characterized additional cases clinically and epidemiologically. during 2004-2013, blood samples from 75,077 patients from all 50 united states were tested by pcr from the groel gene for ehrlichia spp. and anaplasma phagocytophilum. during 2007-2013, samples from 69 (0.1%) patients were positive for the eml pathogen; patients were from 5 states: indiana (1), michigan (1), minnesota (33 ... | 2015 | 26402378 |
| heartland virus neutralizing antibodies in vertebrate wildlife, united states, 2009-2014. | since its discovery in 2009, the tickborne heartland virus (hrtv) has caused human illness in missouri, oklahoma, and tennessee usa. to better assess the geographic distribution of hrtv, we used wildlife serology as an indicator. this retrospective evaluation determined that hrtv is widespread within the central and eastern united states. | 0 | 26401988 |
| survey of ticks collected from tennessee cattle and their pastures for anaplasma and ehrlichia species. | anaplasma marginale is the causative agent for bovine anaplasmosis (ba) and ehrlichia ruminantium is the causative agent for heartwater, 2 devastating diseases of cattle. ba is common in the united states and frequently reported in western tennessee cattle; however, cases of heartwater are not yet established in the continental united states. because both pathogens are transmitted via the bites of infected ticks, the objective of this study was to survey cattle and pastures for ticks and for eac ... | 2016 | 26348980 |
| county scale distribution of amblyomma americanum (ixodida: ixodidae) in oklahoma: addressing local deficits in tick maps based on passive reporting. | geographic distribution records for the lone star tick [amblyomma americanum (l.)] in the peer-reviewed literature are incomplete for oklahoma, preventing accurate disease risk assessments. to address this issue and document the presence of a. americanum in available habitats throughout the state, county-scale tick records published in u.s. department of agriculture-cooperative economic insect reports and specimens maintained at the k.c. emerson entomology museum, oklahoma state university, were ... | 2015 | 26336311 |
| rickettsia parkeri transmission to amblyomma americanum by cofeeding with amblyomma maculatum (acari: ixodidae) and potential for spillover. | amblyomma americanum (l.) is a human-biting ixodid tick distributed throughout much of the southeastern united states. rickettsia parkeri is a member of the spotted fever group rickettsiae and causes a febrile illness in humans commonly referred to as "tidewater spotted fever" or "r. parkeri rickettsiosis." although the gulf coast tick, amblyomma maculatum koch, is the primary vector of r. parkeri, a small proportion of a. americanum have also been shown to harbor r. parkeri. the purpose of this ... | 2015 | 26336226 |
| comparison of dna and carbon and nitrogen stable isotope-based techniques for identification of prior vertebrate hosts of ticks. | identification of the vertebrate hosts upon which hematophagous arthropods feed provides key information for understanding the ecology and transmission of vector-borne diseases. bloodmeal analysis of ticks presents unique challenges relative to other vectors, given the long interval between bloodmeal acquisition and host-seeking, during which dna degradation occurs. this study evaluates dna-based and stable isotope-based bloodmeal analysis methodologies for the lone star tick, amblyomma american ... | 2015 | 26336205 |
| molecular detection of rickettsia species within ticks (acari: ixodidae) collected from arkansas united states. | rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf), caused by the etiological agent rickettsia rickettsii, is the most severe and frequently reported rickettsial illness in the united states, and is commonly diagnosed throughout the southeast. with the discoveries of rickettsia parkeri and other spotted fever group rickettsiae (sfgr) in ticks, it remains inconclusive if the cases reported as rmsf are truly caused by r. rickettsii or other sfgr. arkansas reports one of the highest incidence rates of rmsf in the ... | 2015 | 26334827 |
| cutaneous lesions due to bites by larval amblyomma americanum ticks. | 2015 | 26309141 | |
| identification and evaluation of vaccine candidate antigens from the poultry red mite (dermanyssus gallinae). | an aqueous extract of the haematophagous poultry ectoparasite, dermanyssus gallinae, was subfractionated using anion exchange chromatography. six of these subfractions were used to immunise hens and the blood from these hens was fed, in vitro, to poultry red mites. mite mortality following these feeds was indicative of protective antigens in two of the subfractions, with the risks of mites dying being 3.1 and 3.7 times higher than in the control group (p<0.001). a combination of two-dimensional ... | 2015 | 26296690 |
| reliability of molecular host-identification methods for ticks: an experimental in vitro study with ixodes ricinus. | reliable information on host use by arthropod vectors is required to study pathogen transmission ecology and to predict disease risk. direct observation of host use is often difficult or impossible and indirect methods are therefore necessary. however, the reliability of currently available methods to identify the last host of blood-feeding arthropods has not been evaluated, and may be particularly problematic for ticks because host blood has been digested at capture. biases in host detection ma ... | 2015 | 26296344 |
| ticknet-a collaborative public health approach to tickborne disease surveillance and research. | ticknet, a public health network, was created in 2007 to foster greater collaboration between state health departments, academic centers, and the centers for disease control and prevention on surveillance and prevention of tickborne diseases. research activities are conducted through the emerging infections program and include laboratory surveys, high-quality prevention trials, and pathogen discovery. | 2015 | 26291549 |
| arachnids of medical importance in brazil: main active compounds present in scorpion and spider venoms and tick saliva. | arachnida is the largest class among the arthropods, constituting over 60,000 described species (spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions, palpigrades, pseudoscorpions, solpugids and harvestmen). many accidents are caused by arachnids, especially spiders and scorpions, while some diseases can be transmitted by mites and ticks. these animals are widely dispersed in urban centers due to the large availability of shelter and food, increasing the incidence of accidents. several protein and non-protein compo ... | 2015 | 26273285 |
| comparative population genetics of two invading ticks: evidence of the ecological mechanisms underlying tick range expansions. | two species of ixodid tick, ixodes affinis neumann and amblyomma maculatum koch, are simultaneously expanding their ranges throughout the mid-atlantic region of the us. although we have some understanding of the ecology and life history of these species, the ecological mechanisms governing where and how new populations establish and persist are unclear. to assess population connectivity and ancestry, we sequenced a fragment of the 16s mitochondrial rrna gene from a representative sample of indiv ... | 2015 | 26254575 |
| estimated herd prevalence and sequence types of coxiella burnetii in bulk tank milk samples from commercial dairies in indiana. | coxiella burnetii is the etiologic agent of q fever, a zoonotic disease causing influenza-like illness, pregnancy loss, cardiovascular disease and chronic fatigue syndrome in people. c. burnetii is considered to be enzootic in ruminants, but clinical signs of infection do not always manifest. national studies have documented the presence of c. burnetii in dairy herds in indiana. this represents an opportunity to better characterize the distribution and prevalence of c. burnetii infection at the ... | 2015 | 26248712 |
| francisella tularensis: no evidence for transovarial transmission in the tularemia tick vectors dermacentor reticulatus and ixodes ricinus. | tularemia is a zoonosis caused by the francisella tularensis, a highly infectious gram-negative coccobacillus. due to easy dissemination, multiple routes of infection, high environmental contamination and morbidity and mortality rates, francisella is considered a potential bioterrorism threat and classified as a category a select agent by the cdc. tick bites are among the most prevalent modes of transmission, and ticks have been indicated as a possible reservoir, although their reservoir compete ... | 2015 | 26244842 |
| immunoproteomic profiling of rickettsia parkeri and rickettsia amblyommii. | rickettsia parkeri is an amblyomma-associated, spotted fever group rickettsia species that causes an eschar-associated, febrile illness in multiple countries throughout the western hemisphere. many other rickettsial species of known or uncertain pathogenicity have been detected in amblyomma spp. ticks in the americas, including rickettsia amblyommii, "candidatus rickettsia andeanae" and rickettsia rickettsii. in this study, we utilized an immunoproteomic approach to compare antigenic profiles of ... | 2015 | 26234571 |
| modeling the present and future geographic distribution of the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum (ixodida: ixodidae), in the continental united states. | the lone star tick (amblyomma americanum l.) is the primary vector for pathogens of significant public health importance in north america, yet relatively little is known about its current and potential future distribution. building on a published summary of tick collection records, we used an ensemble modeling approach to predict the present-day and future distribution of climatically suitable habitat for establishment of the lone star tick within the continental united states. of the nine clima ... | 2015 | 26217042 |
| the mitochondrial genome of the lone star tick (amblyomma americanum). | amblyomma americanum is an abundant tick in the southeastern, midwestern, and northeastern united states. it is a vector of multiple diseases, but limited genomic resources are available for it. we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of a single female a. americanum collected in georgia using the illumina platform. the consensus sequence was 14,709 bp long, and the mean coverage across the assembly was >12,000×. all expected tick genomic features were present, including two "tick-box" mo ... | 2015 | 26189992 |
| modulation of host immunity by tick saliva. | next generation sequencing and proteomics have helped to comprehensively characterize gene expression in tick salivary glands at both the transcriptome and the proteome level. functional data are, however, lacking. given that tick salivary secretions are critical to the success of the tick transmission lifecycle and, as a consequence, for host colonization by the pathogens they spread, we thoroughly review here the literature on the known interactions between tick saliva (or tick salivary gland ... | 2015 | 26189360 |
| mutations in ehrlichia chaffeensis causing polar effects in gene expression and differential host specificities. | ehrlichia chaffeensis, a tick-borne rickettsial, is responsible for human monocytic ehrlichiosis. in this study, we assessed e. chaffeensis insertion mutations impacting the transcription of genes near the insertion sites. we presented evidence that the mutations within the e. chaffeensis genome at four genomic locations cause polar effects in altering gene expressions. we also reported mutations causing attenuated growth in deer (the pathogen's reservoir host) and in dog (an incidental host), b ... | 2015 | 26186429 |
| variation in baiting intensity among co2-baited traps used to collect hematophagous arthropods. | hematophagous arthropods transmit the etiological agents of numerous diseases and as a result are frequently the targets of sampling to characterize vector and pathogen populations. arguably, the most commonly used sampling approach involves traps baited with carbon dioxide. we report results of a laboratory study in which the performance of carbon dioxide-baited traps was evaluated using measures of baiting intensity, the amount of carbon dioxide released per unit time during trap deployment. w ... | 2015 | 26160803 |
| efficacy of fluralaner flavored chews (bravecto) administered to dogs against the adult cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis and egg production. | fluralaner is a potent insecticide and acaricide with rapid and persistent efficacy. this study measured the efficacy of fluralaner flavored chews (bravecto®, merck animal health) administered to dogs against adult ctenocephalides felis felis and egg production. | 2015 | 26160349 |
| comparative metagenomic profiling of symbiotic bacterial communities associated with ixodes persulcatus, ixodes pavlovskyi and dermacentor reticulatus ticks. | ixodes persulcatus, ixodes pavlovskyi, and dermacentor reticulatus ticks inhabiting western siberia are responsible for the transmission of a number of etiological agents that cause human and animal tick-borne diseases. because these ticks are abundant in the suburbs of large cities, agricultural areas, and popular tourist sites and frequently attack people and livestock, data regarding the microbiomes of these organisms are required. using metagenomic 16s profiling, we evaluate bacterial commun ... | 2015 | 26154300 |
| comparative efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (seresto®) and an oral fluralaner chewable tablet (bravecto®) against tick (dermacentor variabilis and amblyomma americanum) infestations on dogs: a randomised controlled trial. | this controlled laboratory study demonstrated the residual speed of efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (seresto(®), bayer) for the control of ticks (dermacentor variabilis, amblyomma americanum) at 6 and 12 hours post-infestation on dogs when compared to oral fluralaner (bravecto(®), merck). dogs were randomised by pre-treatment tick counts: group 1) imidacloprid 10 % (w/w)/flumethrin 4.5 % (w/w) collar, 2) fluralaner (dosage 25.1 - 49.4 mg/kg), and 3) non-treated controls. ticks (50/ ... | 2015 | 26152411 |
| comparative efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (seresto®) and an oral afoxolaner chewable (nexgard®) against tick (dermacentor variabilis and amblyomma americanum) infestations on dogs: a randomised controlled trial. | this randomised controlled laboratory study demonstrated the residual speed of efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (seresto(®), bayer) for the control of ticks (dermacentor variabilis, amblyomma americanum) at 6 and 12 hours postinfestation on dogs when compared to oral afoxolaner (nexgard(®), merial). dogs were randomised by pre-treatment tick counts: group 1) imidacloprid 10 % (w/w) / flumethrin 4.5 % (w/w) collar, 2) afoxolaner chewable (dosage 3.1 - 6.2 mg/kg), and 3) non-treated c ... | 2015 | 26152410 |
| variation in the microbiota of ixodes ticks with regard to geography, species, and sex. | ixodes scapularis is the principal vector of lyme disease on the east coast and in the upper midwest regions of the united states, yet the tick is also present in the southeast, where lyme disease is absent or rare. a closely related species, i. affinis, also carries the pathogen in the south but does not seem to transmit it to humans. in order to better understand the geographic diversity of the tick, we analyzed the microbiota of 104 adult i. scapularis and 13 adult i. affinis ticks captured i ... | 2015 | 26150449 |
| cockroach, tick, storage mite and other arthropod allergies: where do we stand with molecular allergy diagnostics?: part 15 of the series molecular allergology. | arthropods form a broad phylum within the animal kingdom, comprising widely varying members such as insects, arachnids, crabs and centipedes. in addition to common allergies to house dust mites or hymenoptera venom, there are also rarer allergies that can be attributed to three major sources of allergens: cockroaches, ticks and storage mites. other less known allergen sources include spiders, mosquitos, horseflies, red chironomid larvae, silverfish and ladybugs, as well as a variety of storage p ... | 2014 | 26146603 |
| an insight into the sialome of the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum, with a glimpse on its time dependent gene expression. | hard ticks feed for several days or weeks on their hosts. blood feeding is assisted by tick saliva, which is injected in the host skin regularly, alternating with blood ingestion. tick saliva contains hundreds or thousands of different peptides and other bioactive compounds that assist feeding by inhibiting their hosts' blood clotting, platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction, as well as pain and itching. immunomodulatory and antimicrobial peptides are also found in tick saliva. molecular characte ... | 2015 | 26131772 |
| delayed anaphylaxis involving ige to galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose. | hypersensitivity in the allergic setting refers to immune reactions, stimulated by soluble antigens that can be rapidly progressing and, in the case of anaphylaxis, are occasionally fatal. as the number of known exposures associated with anaphylaxis is limited, identification of novel causative agents is important in facilitating both education and other allergen-specific approaches that are crucial to long-term risk management. within the last 10 years, several seemingly separate observations w ... | 0 | 26130470 |
| amblyomma americanum as a bridging vector for human infection with francisella tularensis. | the γ-proteobacterium francisella tularensis causes seasonal tick-transmitted tularemia outbreaks in natural rabbit hosts and incidental infections in humans in the south-central united states. although dermacentor variabilis is considered a primary vector for f. tularensis, amblyomma americanum is the most abundant tick species in this endemic region. a systematic study of f. tularensis colonization of a. americanum was undertaken to better understand its potential to serve as an overwintering ... | 2015 | 26121137 |
| amblyomma americanum tick saliva insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 binds insulin but not insulin-like growth factors. | silencing amblyomma americanum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 (aamigfbp-rp1) mrna prevented ticks from feeding to repletion. in this study, we used recombinant (r)aamigfbp-rp1 in a series of assays to obtain further insight into the role(s) of this protein in tick feeding regulation. our results suggest that aamigfbp-1 is an antigenic protein that is apparently exclusively expressed in salivary glands. we found that both males and females secrete aamigfbp-rp1 into t ... | 2015 | 26108887 |
| saliva from nymph and adult females of haemaphysalis longicornis: a proteomic study. | haemaphysalis longicornis is a major vector of theileria spp., anaplasma phagocytophilum, babesia spp. and coxiella burnetti in east asian countries. all life stages of ixodid ticks have a destructive pool-feeding style in which they create a pool-feeding site by lacerating host tissue and secreting a variety of biologically active compounds that allows the tick to evade host responses, enabling the uptake of a blood meal. the identification and functional characterization of tick saliva protein ... | 2015 | 26104117 |
| phylogeographic structure in penguin ticks across an ocean basin indicates allopatric divergence and rare trans-oceanic dispersal. | the association of ticks (acarina) and seabirds provides an intriguing system for assessing the influence of long-distance dispersal on the evolution of parasitic species. recent research has focused on host-parasite evolutionary relationships and dispersal capacity of ticks parasitising flighted seabirds. evolutionary research on the ticks of non-flighted seabirds is, in contrast, scarce. we conducted the first phylogeographic investigation of a hard tick species (ixodes eudyptidis) that parasi ... | 2015 | 26083353 |
| collembolan transcriptomes highlight molecular evolution of hexapods and provide clues on the adaptation to terrestrial life. | collembola (springtails) represent a soil-living lineage of hexapods in between insects and crustaceans. consequently, their genomes may hold key information on the early processes leading to evolution of hexapoda from a crustacean ancestor. | 2015 | 26075903 |
| attempts to feed larval amblyomma americanum (l.) (acari: ixodidae) on three different arthropod hosts. | 2015 | 26047205 | |
| abundance and infection rates of ixodes scapularis nymphs collected from residential properties in lyme disease-endemic areas of connecticut, maryland, and new york. | 2015 | 26047204 | |
| modeling the biotic and abiotic factors that describe the number of active off-host amblyomma americanum larvae. | amblyomma americanum (l.) is a three-host tick that spends most of its life off-host and is an important vector of pathogens in the eastern united states. our objectives were to develop a predictive statistical model that describes the number of active, off-host larvae from 2007 to 2011 and to determine the environmental variables associated with this pattern. data used in this study came from monitoring conducted in northeast missouri in which off-host ticks were collected from a permanent plot ... | 2015 | 26047177 |
| detection of rickettsia amblyommii in ticks collected from missouri, usa. | 2014 | 26038740 | |
| the case for a 'one health' approach to combating vector-borne diseases. | 2015 | 26027713 | |
| distinctive genome reduction rates revealed by genomic analyses of two coxiella-like endosymbionts in ticks. | genome reduction is a hallmark of symbiotic genomes, and the rate and patterns of gene loss associated with this process have been investigated in several different symbiotic systems. however, in long-term host-associated coevolving symbiont clades, the genome size differences between strains are normally quite small and hence patterns of large-scale genome reduction can only be inferred from distant relatives. here we present the complete genome of a coxiella-like symbiont from rhipicephalus tu ... | 2015 | 26025560 |
| cloning and characterization of calreticulin and its association with salinity stress in p. trituberculatus. | calreticulin (crt) is a highly conserved and multifunctional endoplasmic reticulum (er) chaperone protein and plays important roles in salinity stress response. portunus trituberculatus is a commercially important fishery species, and water salinity conditions influence its commercial farming significantly. in order to research the function of calreticulin under salinity stress, the full-length cdna sequence of calreticulin from p. trituberculatus (ptcrt) was firstly cloned and characterized. th ... | 2015 | 25995067 |
| parasitology and serology of free-ranging coyotes (canis latrans) in north carolina, usa. | coyotes (canis latrans) have expanded recently into the eastern us and can serve as a source of pathogens to domestic dogs (canis lupus familiaris), livestock, and humans. we examined free-ranging coyotes from central north carolina, us, for selected parasites and prevalence of antibodies against viral and bacterial agents. we detected ticks on most (81%) coyotes, with amblyomma americanum detected on 83% of those with ticks. fifteen (47%) coyotes were positive for heartworms (dirofilaria immiti ... | 2015 | 25984773 |
| the recent evolution of a maternally-inherited endosymbiont of ticks led to the emergence of the q fever pathogen, coxiella burnetii. | q fever is a highly infectious disease with a worldwide distribution. its causative agent, the intracellular bacterium coxiella burnetii, infects a variety of vertebrate species, including humans. its evolutionary origin remains almost entirely unknown and uncertainty persists regarding the identity and lifestyle of its ancestors. a few tick species were recently found to harbor maternally-inherited coxiella-like organisms engaged in symbiotic interactions, but their relationships to the q fever ... | 2015 | 25978383 |