Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| acute toxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, sodium pentachlorophenate, and their complex on earthworm eisenia fetida. | laboratory experiments were undertaken to relate biomarker responses to the toxicities of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) and sodium pentachlorophenate (pcp-na), both individually and combined. the acute toxicities of mwcnts and pcp-na on earthworm eisenia fetida were studied through different exposure methods (filter paper contact test, immersion contact test, and artificial soil contact test). enzyme activity and malondialdehyde (mda) content in the earthworm e. fetida exposed to mwcnts ... | 2014 | 24562180 |
| identification of oscillatory firing neurons associated with locomotion in the earthworm through synapse imaging. | we used fm imaging to identify neurons that receive sensory feedback from the body wall in a circuit for octopamine (oa)-evoked rhythmic locomotion in the earthworm, eisenia fetida. we visualized synapses in which postsynaptic neurons receive the sensory feedback, by using fm1-43 dye to label the synapses of both motor and sensory pathways that are associated with locomotion, then clearing the motor pathway synapse labeling, and finally identifying the target synapses by distinguishing physiolog ... | 2014 | 24657777 |
| uptake kinetics of five hydrophobic organic pollutants in the earthworm eisenia fetida in six different soils. | hydrophobic organic contaminants in soils may pose toxicity or transfer to food chains after their uptake to soil biota. however, uptake data for earthworms are usually limited, as: (a) only fixed exposure times are studied instead of whole uptake kinetics and (b) studies including compounds with different environmental properties and more than two soils of different properties are quite rare. in our study, five persistent organic pollutants (phenanthrene, pyrene, lindane, p,p'-dichlorodiphenylt ... | 2014 | 24447858 |
| influence of bioaugmentation on biodegradation of phenanthrene-contaminated soil by earthworm in lab scale. | use of earthworm to eliminate the phenanthrene from the soil (bioaccumulation) is developed as an economical method. bioaugmentation of microorganism was used for promotion of bioaccumulation by earthworm. the aim of this study was to determine the bioaccumulation or biodegradation of phenanthrene by eisenia fetida and bacterial consortium in polluted soil. | 2014 | 25606345 |
| mutual impacts of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and earthworms (eisenia fetida) on the bioavailability of perfluoroalkyl substances (pfass) in soil. | wheat and earthworms were exposed individually and together to soils contaminated with 11 perfluoroalkyl substances (pfass). wheat accumulated pfass from soil with root concentration factors and bioconcentration factors that decreased as the number of perfluorinated carbons in the molecule increased. earthworms accumulated pfass from soil with biota-to-soil accumulation factors that increased with the number of carbons. translocation factors (tf) of perfluorinated carboxylates (pfcas) in wheat p ... | 2014 | 24158108 |
| coelomocyte-derived fluorescence and dna markers of composting earthworm species. | supravital species identification of morphologically similar syntopic earthworms inhabiting dung and compost heaps or those from commercial cultures is difficult. the aim of the studies was to find out non-invasive species-specific markers for proper segregation of earthworm species from a dense mixed colony of waste decomposers. worms were segregated according to external characteristics into eisenia andrei, eisenia fetida, and dendrobaena veneta, and left for reproduction and analysis of non-i ... | 2014 | 24115405 |
| an energy budget agent-based model of earthworm populations and its application to study the effects of pesticides. | earthworms are important organisms in soil communities and so are used as model organisms in environmental risk assessments of chemicals. however current risk assessments of soil invertebrates are based on short-term laboratory studies, of limited ecological relevance, supplemented if necessary by site-specific field trials, which sometimes are challenging to apply across the whole agricultural landscape. here, we investigate whether population responses to environmental stressors and pesticide ... | 2014 | 25844009 |
| chronic pfos exposure alters the expression of neuronal development-related human homologues in eisenia fetida. | pfos is a toxic, persistent environmental pollutant which is widespread worldwide. pfos contamination has entered the food chain and is interfering with normal development in man and is neurotoxic, hepatotoxic and tumorigenic. the earthworm, eisenia fetida is one of the organisms which can help to diagnose soil health and contamination at lower levels in the food chain. studying the chronic effects of sub-lethal pfos exposure in such an organism is therefore appropriate. as pfos bioaccumulates a ... | 2014 | 25285771 |
| effects of combined composting and vermicomposting of waste sludge on arsenic fate and bioavailability. | composting and vermicomposting are traditional processes for the treatment of sludge. during these processes, the humification of organic matter has a significant effect on the physicochemical form and distribution of heavy metals. in this study, industrial sludge (groundwater treatment waste) contaminated by arsenic (396 ± 1 mg kg(-1)) was used. such sludge poses a significant challenge with respect to effective treatment. composting, vermicomposting (with eisenia fetida), and the combined appr ... | 2014 | 25209831 |
| toxicological responses of the earthworm eisenia fetida to 18-crown-6 under laboratory conditions. | the earthworm eisenia fetida was exposed to artificial soil supplemented with 18-crown-6 (1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane) to investigate its effects on earthworm mortality, growth, avoidance, burrowing behavior and respiration. the results revealed that 18-crown-6 had the potential to negatively affect the behavior of earthworms. the 7-d lc50 was 585 mg kg(-1) soil. avoidance behavior was the most sensitive endpoint, with a 48-h ec50 of 120 mg kg(-1) soil. growth, burrow length and respir ... | 2014 | 25100182 |
| bioactive proteins and peptides isolated from chinese medicines with pharmaceutical potential. | some protein pharmaceuticals from chinese medicine have been developed to treat cardiovascular diseases, genetic diseases, and cancer. bioactive proteins with various pharmacological properties have been successfully isolated from animals such as hirudo medicinalis (medicinal leech), eisenia fetida (earthworm), and mesobuthus martensii (chinese scorpion), and from herbal medicines derived from species such as cordyceps militaris, ganoderma, momordica cochinchinensis, viscum album, poria cocos, s ... | 2014 | 25067942 |
| evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticle toxicity in sludge products applied to agricultural soil using multispecies soil systems. | to study the environmental impact of nanoparticles, the sludges of wastewater (wwts) and water treatment (wts) plants enriched with zno nanoparticles were added to agricultural soil, and the toxic effects of the nanoparticles were studied using a microcosm system based on the soil. the wwts treated soils were characterised by statistically significant decreases (p<0.05) in vicia sativa germination at the lowest (76.2%) and medium (95.2%) application rates, decreases in the fresh biomass for trit ... | 2014 | 25194764 |
| a multi-biomarker risk assessment of the impact of brominated flame retardant-decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209) on the antioxidant system of earthworm eisenia fetida. | decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209) is the major contaminant at e-waste recycling sites (ewrss), and its potential toxicological effects on terrestrial organisms have received extensive attention. however, the impacts of bde209 on the antioxidant defense system in terrestrial organisms remain vague. therefore, indoor incubation tests were performed systematically on control and contaminated soil samples to determine the effects of bde209 on the antioxidant system of earthworm eisenia fetida. the re ... | 2014 | 25016100 |
| optimization of nru assay in primary cultures of eisenia fetida for metal toxicity assessment. | coelomocytes, immunocompetent cells of lumbricids, have received special attention for ecotoxicological studies due to their sensibility to pollutants. their in vitro responses are commonly quantified after in vivo exposure to real or spiked soils. alternatively, quantifications of in vitro responses after in vitro exposure are being studied. within this framework, the present study aimed at optimizing the neutral red uptake (nru) assay in primary culture of eisenia fetida coelomocytes for its a ... | 2014 | 25011921 |
| first evidence of the p-glycoprotein gene expression and multixenobiotic resistance modulation in earthworm. | multixenobiotic resistance (mxr) is an important mechanism of cellular efflux mediated by atp binding cassette (abc) transporters that bind and actively remove toxic substrates from the cell. this study was the first to identify abc transporter p-glycoprotein (p-gp/abcb1) as a representative of the mxr phenotype in earthworm (eisenia fetida). the identified partial cdna sequence of abcb1 overlapped with abcb1 homologues of other organisms from 58.5 % to 72.5 %. we also studied the effect of five ... | 2014 | 24622780 |
| integrated assessment of oxidative stress and dna damage in earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to azoxystrobin. | azoxystrobin has been widely used in recent years. the present study investigated the oxidative stress and dna damage effects of azoxystrobin on earthworms (eisenia fetida). earthworms were exposed to different azoxystrobin concentrations in an artificial soil (0, 0.1, 1, and 10mg/kg) and sampled on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), guaiacol peroxidase (pod), glutathione-s-transferase (gst), reactive oxygen species (ros), and malondialdehyde (mda) content were m ... | 2014 | 25011117 |
| molecular and ultrastructural insights into the earthworm eisenia fetida of the assessment of ecotoxicity during colistin exposure. | colistin is a peptide antibiotic widely used as a feed additive in animal farming, especially in poultry and swine production, for treatment and prevention of gram-negative bacterial infections, as well as for growth promotion use. when orally ingested, colistin is poorly absorbed and is eliminated almost unaltered by the enteric canal into the environment. thus, risk of environmental toxicity cannot be ignored. in the present study, we examined the effects of colistin on heath shock protein (hs ... | 2014 | 24999182 |
| earthworm coelomocytes as nanoscavenger of zno nps. | earthworms can 'biotransform' or 'biodegrade' chemical contaminants, rendering them harmless in their bodies, and can bioaccumulate them in their tissues. they 'absorb' the dissolved chemicals through their moist 'body wall' due to the interstitial water and also ingest by 'mouth' while soil passes through the gut. since the advent of the nanotechnology era, the environmental sink has been continuously receiving engineered nanomaterials as well as their derivatives. our current understanding of ... | 2014 | 24959107 |
| heavy metal behavior and dissolved organic matter (dom) characterization of vermicomposted pig manure amended with rice straw. | vermicomposting is an eco-friendly method for disposing of livestock and poultry manure. in addition, dissolved organic matter (dom) can serve as a carrier that enhances the migration and transformation of heavy metals. here, pig manure amended with rice straw was vermicomposted with eisenia fetida. the dom content, molecular weight distribution, and spectroscopic properties of the amended pig manure were measured before and after vermicomposting. the cu and zn concentrations in the earthworms i ... | 2014 | 24958537 |
| effects of field metal-contaminated soils submitted to phytostabilisation and fly ash-aided phytostabilisation on the avoidance behaviour of the earthworm eisenia fetida. | the earthworm eisenia fetida avoidance behaviour test was used to assess the quality recovery of metal-contaminated soils from lands submitted for 10 years to remediation. soils were from plots located in the surroundings of a former lead smelter plant of northern france. metal concentrations in the soils ranged from 93 to 1231, 56 to 1424, 0.3 to 20 and 15 to 45.5mg metal/kg dry soil for pb, zn, cd and cu, respectively. several former agricultural plots were treated either by a single phytostab ... | 2014 | 24949898 |
| [effects of lead on the growth and reproduction of eisenia fetida with aged soils]. | in this study, effects of pb (no3)2 on the growth and reproduction of eisenia fetida were investigated with artificial soils. the results showed that: compared with the control group, the growth of e. fetida in contaminated soil was inhibited significantly with increasing pb (no3)2 concentrations. but there were great differences in the extent of inhibition after 0, 7, 28 and 84 days of aging in the artificial soils. the most obvious effect occurred in 1000 mg x kg(-1) and 1500 mg x kg(-1) exper ... | 2014 | 24946607 |
| anti-elastase, anti-tyrosinase and matrix metalloproteinase-1 inhibitory activity of earthworm extracts as potential new anti-aging agent. | to examine whether earthworms of eisenia fetida, lumbricus rubellus and eudrilus eugeniae extracts have elastase, tyrosinase and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (mmp-1) inhibitory activity. | 2014 | 25183109 |
| effect of triclosan on reproduction, dna damage and heat shock protein gene expression of the earthworm eisenia fetida. | triclosan (tcs) is released into the terrestrial environment via the application of sewage sludge and reclaimed water to agricultural land. more attention has been paid to its effect on non-target soil organisms. in the present study, chronic toxic effects of tcs on earthworms at a wide range of concentrations were investigated. the reproduction, dna damage, and expression levels of heat shock protein (hsp70) gene of earthworms were studied as toxicity endpoints. the results showed that the repr ... | 2014 | 25134678 |
| combined toxicity of butachlor, atrazine and λ-cyhalothrin on the earthworm eisenia fetida by combination index (ci)-isobologram method. | pesticides in the environment do not appear singly and usually occur as complex mixtures and their combined effect may exhibit toxicity to organisms. the individual and combined toxicities of two herbicides, atrazine and butachlor and an insecticide λ-cyhalothrin have been examined to the earthworm eisenia fetida, as a non-target terrestrial organism, in artificial soil and filter paper tests. the order of toxicity for the individual pesticides was ranked as atrazine>λ-cyhalothrin>butachlor in b ... | 2014 | 25048932 |
| genotoxicity in earthworm after combined treatment of ionising radiation and mercury. | this study was performed to investigate the acute genotoxic effects of mercury and radiation on earthworms (eisenia fetida). the levels of dna damage and the repair kinetics in the coelomocytes of e. fetida treated with mercuric chloride (hgcl₂) and ionising radiation (gamma rays) were analysed by means of the comet assay. for detection of dna damage and repair, e. fetida was exposed to hgcl₂ (0-160 mg kg(-1)) and irradiated with gamma rays (0-50 gy) in vivo. the increase in dna damage depended ... | 2014 | 24870361 |
| short-term effects of dechlorane plus on the earthworm eisenia fetida determined by a systems biology approach. | dechlorane plus (dp), a chlorinated flame retardant, has been widely detected in environmental matrices, especially in sediment and soil. dp has characteristics similar to persistent organic pollutants. however, no toxicity data of dp on terrestrial invertebrate are available. in this study, earthworms eisenia fetida were exposed to 0.1, 1, 10, and 50mg/kg dp for 14 days. lethality, oxidative stress and damage, neurotoxicity, and transcriptomic profiles of e. fetida were assessed on day 7 and da ... | 2014 | 24751489 |
| solid phase microextraction of organic pollutants from natural and artificial soils and comparison with bioaccumulation in earthworms. | the presented study investigates the use of passive sampling, i.e. solid phase microextraction with polydimethylsiloxane fibers (pdms-spme), to assess the bioavailability of fiver neutral organic chemicals (phenanthrene, pyrene, lindane, p,p'-ddt, and pcb 153) spiked to natural and artificial soils after different aging times. contaminant bioavailability was assessed by comparing pdms concentrations with results from a 10 day bioaccumulation test with earthworms (eisenia fetida). the hypotheses ... | 2014 | 24433790 |
| effects of a natural toxin on life history and gene expression of eisenia andrei. | earthworms perform key functions for a healthy soil ecosystem, such as bioturbation. the soil ecosystem can be challenged by natural toxins such as isothiocyanates (itcs), produced by many commercial crops. therefore, the effects of 2-phenylethyl itc were investigated on the earthworm eisenia andrei using an ecotoxicogenomics approach. exposure to 2-phenylethyl itc reduced both survival and reproduction of e. andrei in a dose-dependent manner (median effective concentration [ec50] = 556 nmol/g). ... | 2014 | 24395740 |
| insight into the roles of earthworm in vermicomposting of sewage sludge by determining the water-extracts through chemical and spectroscopic methods. | this work illustrated the effects of earthworm in vermicomposting (eisenia fetida) by determining the water-extracts through chemical and spectroscopic methods. a field experiment with sludge as the only feed was subjected to vermicomposting and the control (without worms) for three weeks. compared to the control, vermicomposting resulted in lower ph and water-extractable organic carbon (weoc) along with higher electrical conductivity (ec). moreover, vermicomposting caused nearly two times highe ... | 2014 | 24384315 |
| comparative and combined acute toxicity of butachlor, imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos on earthworm, eisenia fetida. | various pesticides have become widespread contaminants of soils due to their large applications in agriculture and homes. an earthworm assay was used to assess the acute toxicity of butachlor, imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos with different modes of action. ecotoxicities of these pesticides were compared for earthworm eisenia fetida separately and in combination in artificial soil and contact filter paper tests. imidacloprid was the most toxic for e. fetida with lc₅₀ (lethal concentration 50) value ... | 2014 | 24377448 |
| effects of cadmium and lead on the life-cycle parameters of juvenile earthworm eisenia fetida. | juveniles eisenia fetida were exposed to cadmium (1-500µgcdg(-1)) and lead (20-2500µgpbg(-1)) for fourteen weeks in order to evaluate the impact on life-cycle parameters (survival, growth, sexual maturation, and cocoon production) and lipid peroxidation (expressed as concentration of malondialdehyde (mda)). both metals were found to significantly affect survival of the juveniles (fourteen-week lc50 296±125µgcdg(-1) and 911±164µgpbg(-1)) and alter their development. cd and pb severely affected th ... | 2014 | 24561241 |
| environmental assessment of depleted uranium used in military armor-piercing rounds in terrestrial systems. | depleted uranium (du) from the military testing and use of armor-piercing kinetic energy penetrators has been shown to accumulate in soils; however, little is known about the toxicity of du geochemical species created through corrosion or weathering. the purpose of the present study was to assess the toxic effects and bioaccumulation potential of field-collected du oxides to the model terrestrial invertebrates eisenia fetida (earthworm) and porcellio scaber (isopod). earthworm studies were acute ... | 2014 | 24549573 |
| soil ph effects on the comparative toxicity of dissolved zinc, non-nano and nano zno to the earthworm eisenia fetida. | to determine how soil properties influence nanoparticle (np) fate, bioavailability and toxicity, this study compared the toxicity of nano zinc oxide (zno nps), non-nano zno and ionic zncl2 to the earthworm eisenia fetida in a natural soil at three ph levels. np characterisation indicated that reaction with the soil media greatly controls zno properties. three main conclusions were drawn. first that zn toxicity, especially for reproduction, was influenced by ph for all zn forms. this can be linke ... | 2014 | 23739012 |
| towards understanding the stabilization process in vermicomposting using parafac analysis of fluorescence spectra. | in this study, fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (eem) combined with parallel factor analysis (parafac) was employed to trace the behavior of water extractable organic matter and assess the stabilization process during vermicomposting of sewage sludge and cattle dung. experiments using different mixing ratios of sewage sludge and cattle dung were conducted using eisenia fetida. the results showed that vermicomposting reduced the doc, doc/don ratio and ammonia, while increased the nitrate c ... | 2014 | 25068534 |
| vermicomposting of tea factory coal ash: metal accumulation and metallothionein response in eisenia fetida (savigny) and lampito mauritii (kinberg). | earthworms can accumulate heavy metals in their intestines to a great extent. impact of feed materials and duration of metal exposure on natural activity of earthworms are rather unclear; this investigation therefore addresses the impact of metal rich tea factory coal ash (tfca) on reproduction, composting and metal accumulation ability of eisenia fetida and lampito mauritii. earthworm count and cocoon production increased significantly during vermicomposting. ph of the vermicomposted mixtures s ... | 2014 | 24907568 |
| efficacy of bioconversion of paper mill bamboo sludge and lime waste by composting and vermiconversion technologies. | paper mill bamboo sludge (pmbs) and paper mill lime waste (pmlw) are extensively produced as solid wastes in paper mills. untreated pmbs and pmlw contain substantial amount of heavy metals (zn, pb, ni, cd, cr) in soluble forms. efficiency of vermiconversion and aerobic composting with these wastes is reported here. adopted bioconversion systems enhanced the availability of some essential nutrients (n, p, k and zn) in various combinations of cow dung (cd) with pmbs and pmlw. colonization of nitro ... | 2014 | 24873710 |
| vermiremediation of heavy metals in wastewater sludge from paper and pulp industry using earthworm eisenia fetida. | this work presents the results of removing heavy metals from paper mill wastewater (pms) sludge spiked with cow dung (cd) employing eisenia fetida. a total of seven set-ups were prepared: cd (100 percent), pms: cd (1:3), pms:cd (1:2), pms:cd (1:1), pms (100 percent), pms:cd (3:1) and pms:cd (2:1) and changes in chemical parameters were observed for 60 days. vermistabilization caused the significant decrease in the level of cd (32-37 percent), cr (47.3-80.9 percent), cu (68.8-88.4 percent), and p ... | 2014 | 25215882 |
| characterization and transcription studies of a phytochelatin synthase gene from the solitary tunicate ciona intestinalis exposed to cadmium. | the major thiol-containing molecules involved in controlling the level of intracellular ros in eukaryotes, acting as a nonenzymatic detoxification system, are metallothioneins (mts), glutathione (gsh) and phytochelatins (pcs). both mts and gsh are well-known in the animal kingdom. pc was considered a prerogative of the plant kingdom but, in 2001, a phytochelatin synthase (pcs) gene was described in the nematode caenorhabditis elegans; additional genes encoding this enzyme were later described in ... | 2014 | 24727215 |
| optimization of eisenia fetida stocking density for the bioconversion of rock phosphate enriched cow dung-waste paper mixtures. | vermitechnology is gaining recognition as an environmental friendly waste management strategy. its successful implementation requires that the key operational parameters like earthworm stocking density be established for each target waste/waste mixture. one target waste mixture in south africa is waste paper mixed with cow dung and rock phosphate (rp) for p enrichment. this study sought to establish optimal eisenia fetida stocking density for maximum p release and rapid bioconversion of rp enric ... | 2014 | 24997095 |
| toxicity assessment through multiple endpoint bioassays in soils posing environmental risk according to regulatory screening values. | toxicity profiles of two soils (a brownfield in legazpi and an abandoned iron mine in zugaztieta; basque country) contaminated with several metals (as, zn, pb and cu in legazpi; zn, pb, cd and cu in zugaztieta) and petroleum hydrocarbons (in legazpi) were determined using a multi-endpoint bioassay approach. investigated soils exceeded screening values (svs) of regulatory policies in force (basque country; europe). acute and chronic toxicity bioassays were conducted with a selected set of test sp ... | 2014 | 24819436 |
| cloning and expression of the cold-adapted endo-1,4-β-glucanase gene from eisenia fetida. | biofuel production from plant-derived lignocellulosic material using fungal cellulases is facing cost-effective challenges related to high temperature requirements. the present study identified a cold-adapted cellulase named endo-1,4-β-glucanase (ef-eg2) from the earthworm eisenia fetida. the gene was cloned in the cold-shock expression vector (pcold i) and functionally expressed in escherichia coli arcticexpress rt (de3). the gene consists of 1,368 bp encoding 456 amino acid residues. the amino ... | 2014 | 24299806 |
| genotoxic assessment and optimization of pressmud with the help of exotic earthworm eisenia fetida. | genotoxicity of pressmud (pm) to allium cepa was investigated to assess its toxic potential and to elucidate the effect of vermicomposting to reduce its toxicity. the pm produced as a waste by product of the sugar cane industry was mixed with cow dung (cd) at different ratios of 0:100 (v₀), 25:75 (v₂₅), 50:50 (v₅₀), 75:25 (v₇₅) and 100:0 (v100) (pm:cd) on a dry weight basis for vermicomposting with eisenia fetida. different concentrations of 100% pm sludge extract (10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 10 ... | 2014 | 24671397 |
| a comparative study for pathogen removal using different filter media during vermifiltration. | the present study focuses on the effect of filter media (riverbed gravel, mud balls, coal and glass balls) for the removal of pathogens during vermifiltration of domestic wastewater. this novel study was conducted for the first time on different vermifilters (vfs) with different media, and pathogen removal was extensively investigated for a period of 3 months. results indicated that vermifilter with riverbed material (vfr) showed maximum biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand remov ... | 2014 | 25259487 |
| bioremediation of distillery sludge into soil-enriching material through vermicomposting with the help of eisenia fetida. | the aim of the present study was bioremediation of distillery sludge into a soil-enriching material. it was mixed with a complementary waste, cattle dung, and subjected to vermicomposting with (v) and without (t, control) eisenia fetida in the ratio of 0:100 % (v1, t1), 10:90 (v2, t2), 25:75 (v3, t3), 50:50 (v4, t4), 75:25 (v5, t5) and 100:0 % (v6, t6), respectively. survival rate, growth rate, onset of maturity, cocoon production and population build-up increased with increasing ratio of cattle ... | 2014 | 25113550 |
| amendment application in a multi-contaminated mine soil: effects on soil enzymatic activities and ecotoxicological characteristics. | several amendments were tested on soils obtained from an arsenopyrite mine, further planted with arrhenatherum elatius and festuca curvifolia, in order to assess their ability to improve soil's ecotoxicological characteristics. the properties used to assess the effects were: soil enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, urease, protease and cellulase), terrestrial bioassays (eisenia fetida mortality and avoidance behaviour), and aquatic bioassays using a soil leachat ... | 2014 | 24337998 |
| ecotoxicological evaluation of sewage sludge contaminated with zinc oxide nanoparticles. | the objective of this work was to evaluate the ecotoxicological qualitative risk associated with the use of sewage sludge containing zn oxide nanoparticles (zno-nps) as soil amendment. a sludge-untreated soil and two sludge-treated soils were spiked with zno-nps (0-1,000 mg/kg soil). soil ecotoxicity was assessed with eisenia fetida (acute and sublethal end points), and the unfilterable and filterable (0.02 μm) soil leachates were tested with a battery of biomarkers using chlorella vulgaris, dap ... | 2014 | 25185842 |
| napl migration and ecotoxicity of conventional and renewable fuels in accidental spill scenarios. | fuels derived from non-petroleum renewable resources have raised interest due to their potential in replacing petroleum-based fuels, but information on their fate and effects in the terrestrial and aquatic environments in accidental spill scenario is limited. in this study, migration of four fuels (conventional diesel, conventional gasoline, renewable diesel nexbtl, and ethanol-blended gasoline re85 containing maximum 85% ethanol) as non-aqueous phase liquids (napl) in soil was demonstrated in a ... | 2014 | 24764004 |
| penicillium sp. as an organism that degrades endosulfan and reduces its genotoxic effects. | endosulfan is an organochloride and persistent pesticide that has caused concern because of its impact in the environment and its toxicity to and bioaccumulation in living organisms. in this study, we isolated an endosulfan-degrading fungus from the activated sludge from an industrial wastewater treatment plant. through repetitive enrichment and successive subculture in media containing endosulfan as the sole carbon source, a fungus designated che 23 was isolated. based on a phylogenetic analysi ... | 2014 | 25279327 |
| earthworm symbiont verminephrobacter eiseniae mediates natural transformation within host egg capsules using type iv pili. | the dense microbial communities commonly associated with plants and animals should offer many opportunities for horizontal gene transfer through described mechanisms of dna exchange including natural transformation (nt). however, studies of the significance of nt have focused primarily on pathogens. the study presented here demonstrates highly efficient dna exchange by nt in a common symbiont of earthworms. the obligate bacterial symbiont verminephrobacter eiseniae is a member of a microbial con ... | 2014 | 25400622 |
| effect of malachite green toxicity on non target soil organisms. | although malachite green (mg), is banned in europe and us for its carcinogenic and teratogenic effect, the dye being cheap, is persistently used in various countries for fish farming, silk, dye, leather and textile industries. current research, however, fails to elucidate adequate knowledge concerning the effects of mg in our ecosystem. in the present investigation, for the first time, an attempt has been made to study the effects of mg on soil biota by testing bacillus subtilis, azotobacter chr ... | 2015 | 25462308 |
| enantioselective bioactivity, acute toxicity and dissipation in vegetables of the chiral triazole fungicide flutriafol. | the enantioselective bioactivity, acute toxicity and stereoselective degradation of the chiral triazole fungicide flutriafol in vegetables were investigated for the first time using the (r)-, (s)- and rac-flutriafol. the order of the bioactivity against five target pathogens (rhizoctonia solani, alternaria solani, pyricularia grisea, gibberella zeae, botrytis cinerea) was found to be (r)-flutriafol>rac-flutriafol>(s)-flutriafol. the fungicidal activity of (r)-flutriafol was 1.49-6.23 times highe ... | 2015 | 25463219 |
| scenario-targeted toxicity assessment through multiple endpoint bioassays in a soil posing unacceptable environmental risk according to regulatory screening values. | lanestosa is a chronically polluted site (derelict mine) where the soil (lanestosa (la) soil) exceeds screening values (svs) of regulatory policies in force (basque country; europe) for zn, pb and cd. a scenario-targeted toxicity assessment was carried out on the basis of a multi-endpoint bioassay approach. acute and chronic toxicity bioassays were conducted with selected test species (vibrio fischeri, dictyostelium discoideum, lactuca sativa, raphanus sativus and eisenia fetida) in combination ... | 2015 | 25940475 |
| potentiality of eisenia fetida to degrade disposable paper cups-an ecofriendly solution to solid waste pollution. | the aim of the present study was to subject the post-consumer waste, namely paper cups for vermicomposting along with cow dung in three different ratios for a period of 90-140 days employing eisenia fetida. the post-consumer wastes are a menace in many developing countries including india. this waste was provided as feed for earthworms and was converted to vermicompost. vermicompost prepared with paper cup waste was analyzed for their physicochemical properties. based on the physicochemical prop ... | 2015 | 25220767 |
| impact of treated wastewater on organismic biosensors at various levels of biological organization. | relating the treated wastewater quality and its impact on organismic biosensors (prussian carp, carassius gibelio and earthworm, eisenia fetida) was the main objective of the study. the impact on health status of fish living downstream, microbiological contamination and antimicrobial resistance, fish tissue structure, blood biochemistry, oxidative stress, genotoxic effects, as well as multixenobiotic resistance mechanism (mxr) was assessed. treated wastewater discharged from the wwtp modified th ... | 2015 | 26298246 |
| fate and effects of clothianidin in fields using conservation practices. | despite the extensive use of the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin, and its known toxicity to beneficial insects such as pollinators, little attention has been given to its fate under agricultural field conditions. the present study investigated the fate and toxicity of clothianidin applied every other year as a corn seed-coating at 2 different rates, 0.25 mg/seed and 0.50 mg/seed, in an agricultural field undergoing a corn-soybean annual rotation, and conservation tillage. concentrations w ... | 2015 | 25376402 |
| direct, rapid and sustainable vermicomposting of the leaf litter of neem (azadirachta indica). | the recently developed concept of high rate vermicomposting was successfully used to enable direct vermicomoposting of neem leaves-without any pre-composting or cow dung supplementation as previously reported processes had necessitated. all the three epigeic species of earthworms that were explored, eudrilus eugeniae, eisenia fetida and perionyx excavatus, provided efficient vermicast production with no mortality, persistent gain in body mass and good fecundity over the 16 months long period of ... | 2015 | 25344437 |
| assessing the ecological long-term impact of wastewater irrigation on soil and water based on bioassays and chemical analyses. | the reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation and groundwater recharge can counteract water scarcity and reduce pollution of surface waters, but assessing its environmental risk should likewise consider effects associated to the soil. the present study therefore aimed at determining the impact of wastewater irrigation on the habitat quality of water after soil passage and of soil after percolation by applying bioassays and chemical analysis. lab-scale columns of four different soils encompassin ... | 2015 | 26207878 |
| potential utilization of bagasse as feed material for earthworm eisenia fetida and production of vermicompost. | in the present work bagasse (b) i.e waste of the sugar industry, was fed to eisenia fetida with cattle dung (cd) support as feed material at various ratios (waste: cd) of 0:100 (b0), 25:75 (b25), 50:50 (b50), 75:25 (b75) and 100:0 (b100) on dry weight basis. co-composting with cattle dung helped to improve their acceptability for e. fetida and also improved physico-chemical characteristics. best appropriate ratio for survival, maximum growth and population buildup of e. fetida was determined by ... | 2015 | 25625035 |
| metal remediation and biodegradation potential of earthworm species on municipal solid waste: a parallel analysis between metaphire posthuma and eisenia fetida. | information on vermicomposting with metaphire posthuma is scanty. this paper, therefore, aims to evaluate the bioconversion efficiency of this species against eiseniafetida. for comparative analysis, different combinations of municipal solid waste (msw) and cow dung were used as substrates. the contents of total n and availability of p, k, and fe increased significantly in both metaphire and eisenia systems which was accompanied by substantial reduction in ph and total organic c. both species ex ... | 2015 | 25616236 |
| multilevel assessment of cry1ab bt-maize straw return affecting the earthworm eisenia fetida. | non-target effects of two varieties of bacillus thuringiensis (bt)-maize straw (5422bt1 [event bt11] and 5422cbcl [mon810]) return on the eisenia fetida were investigated by using multilevel assessments, compared to near-isogenic non-bt-maize (5422). 5422bt1 straw return had no deleterious effects on adult earthworms and had significantly positive effects on juveniles over three generations. negative, no, and positive effects on adults treated with 5422cbcl straw were observed in the 1st, 2nd an ... | 2015 | 26011413 |
| vermistabilization of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l) waste produced from sugar factory using earthworm eisenia fetida: genotoxic assessment by allium cepa test. | in the present study, sugar beet mud (sbm) and pulp (sbp) produced as a waste by-products of the sugar industry were mixed with cattle dung (cd) at different ratios on dry weight basis for vermicomposting with eisenia fetida. minimum mortality and highest population of worms were observed in 20:80 (sbm20) mixture of sbm and 10:90 (sbp10) ratios. however, increased percentages of wastes significantly affected the growth and fecundity of worms. nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium, increase ... | 2015 | 25794577 |
| earthworms as agents for ecotoxicity in roxarsone-contaminated soil ecosystem: a modeling study of ultrastructure and proteomics. | contamination of roxarsone has been recognized as a potential environmental hazard. in this study, eisenia fetida samples were collected after roxarsone exposures to analyze their intestinal epithelium ultrastructure, expression levels of stress-related genes, and proteomics. our results showed that mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in roxarsone-treated earthworms demonstrated variety of damages. furthermore, 149 proteins were displayed in 2-de, and 36 of them were identified by maldi-tof/t ... | 2015 | 25903172 |
| the effect of seasonal temperature on pathogen removal efficacy of vermifilter for wastewater treatment. | the present study explored the effects of seasonal temperature on the treatment efficiency and pathogen removal efficacy from synthetic domestic wastewater, earthworm population characteristics and microbial population in the filter media of a lab-scale vermifilter (vf). the experimental phase lasted for one year and daily mean room temperature showed a difference of 2-16 °c between winter (dec-feb), spring (mar-may), summer (jun-aug) and autumn (sep-nov) periods. the results showed that variati ... | 2015 | 25720670 |
| antioxidant responses of annelids, brassicaceae and fabaceae to pollutants: a review. | pollutants, such as metal trace elements (mtes) and organic compounds (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides), can impact dna structure of living organisms and thus generate damage. for instance, cadmium is a well-known genotoxic and mechanisms explaining its clastogenicity are mainly indirect: inhibition of dna repair mechanisms and/or induction of reactive oxygen species (ros). animal or vegetal cells use antioxidant defense systems to protect themselves against ros produced during oxid ... | 2015 | 24951273 |
| [vermicomposting of different organic materials and three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopic characterization of their dissolved organic matter]. | in this experiment, different proportions of the cattle manure, tea-leaf, herb and mushroom residues, were used as food for earthworm (eisenia fetida) to study the growth of the earth-worm. then the characteristics and transformation of nutrient content and three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence (3deem) of dissolved organic matter (dom) during vermistabilization were investigated by means of chemical and spectroscopic methods. the result showed that the mixture of different ra ... | 2015 | 26995929 |
| towards understanding the effects of additives on the vermicomposting of sewage sludge. | this work evaluated the effects of additives on the chemical properties of the final products (vermicompost) from vermicomposting of sewage sludge and the adaptable characteristics of eisenia fetida during the process. an experimental design with different ratios of sewage sludge and the additives (cattle dung or pig manure) was conducted. the results showed that the vermicomposting reduced total organic carbon and the quotient of total organic carbon to total nitrogen (c/n ratio) of the initial ... | 2015 | 25328094 |
| dynamics of microbiological parameters, enzymatic activities and worm biomass production during vermicomposting of effluent treatment plant sludge of bakery industry. | this paper reports the changes in microbial parameters and enzymatic activities during vermicomposting of effluent treatment plant sludge (etps) of bakery industry spiked with cow dung (cd) by eisenia fetida. six vermibins containing different ratios of etps and cd were maintained under controlled laboratory conditions for 15 weeks. total bacterial and total fungal count increased upto 7th week and declined afterward in all the bins. maximum bacterial and fungal count was 31.6 cfu × 10(6) g(-1) ... | 2015 | 25982984 |
| tracking the composition and transformation of humic and fulvic acids during vermicomposting of sewage sludge by elemental analysis and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix. | sewage sludge (t1) and the mixture of sewage sludge and cattle dung (t2) were vermicomposted with eisenia fetida, respectively. the transformation of humic acid (ha) and fulvic acid (fa) extracted from these two treatments were evaluated by a series of chemical and spectroscopic methods. results indicated that the vermicomposting decreased ph, toc, and c/n ratio, and increased ec, total extractable c, and ha contents. the fa content in treatment t1 was increased significantly, and only slight in ... | 2015 | 25736580 |
| perfluorooctane sulfonate release pattern from soils of fire training areas in australia and its bioaccumulation potential in the earthworm eisenia fetida. | aqueous film-forming foams (afff) are used to extinguish hydrocarbon fuel fires. certain afff products such as 3m lightwater contain perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) as the active ingredient which is highly persistent in the environment and is thus globally prevalent. with thousands of tons of soils potentially contaminated with pfos stockpiled at a number of sites in australia, the lack of reliable information on bioavailability of this recalcitrant contaminant constrains the application of a r ... | 2015 | 23695853 |
| joint toxicity of chlorpyrifos, atrazine, and cadmium at lethal concentrations to the earthworm eisenia fetida. | contaminants in the environment often occur as complex mixtures, and their combined effect may exhibit toxicity to organisms. risk assessments based on individual components tend to underestimate the effects associated with toxic action of mixtures. toxicity studies on chemical mixtures are urgently required to assess their potential combined toxicities. the combination index (ci)-isobologram method was used to study chemical interactions to determine the nature of toxicological interactions of ... | 2015 | 25595933 |
| toxicity of a neonicotinoid insecticide, guadipyr, in earthworm (eisenia fetida). | neonicotinoid insecticides are new class of pesticides and it is very meaningful to evaluate the toxicity of guadipyr to earthworm (eisenia fetida). in the present study, effects of guadipyr on reproduction, growth, catalase(cat), superoxide dismutase (sod), acetylcholinesterase (ache) and dna damage in earthworm were assessed using an artificial soil medium. guadipyr showed low toxicity to earthworms and did not elicit an effect on earthworm reproduction or growth in artificial soils at concent ... | 2015 | 25594687 |
| biomarker responses in earthworms (eisenia fetida) to soils contaminated with di-n-butyl phthalates. | di-n-butyl phthalates (dbp) are recognized as ubiquitous contaminants in soil and adversely impact the health of organisms. changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and levels of glutathione-s-transferase (gst), glutathione (gsh), and malondialdehyde (mda) were used as biomarkers to evaluate the impact of dbp on earthworms (eisenia fetida) after exposure to dbp for 28 days. dbp was added to artificial soil in the amounts of 0, 5, 10, 50, and 100 mg kg(-1) of soil. earthworm tissues exposed ... | 2015 | 25328097 |
| effects of soil organic matter content on cadmium toxicity in eisenia fetida: implications for the use of biomarkers and standard toxicity tests. | bioavailability is affected by soil physicochemical characteristics such as ph and organic matter (om) content. in addition, om constitutes the energy source of eisenia fetida, a well established model species for soil toxicity assessment. the present work aimed at assessing the effects of changes in om content on the toxicity of cd in e. fetida through the measurement of neutral red uptake (nru) and mortality, growth, and reproduction (organisation for economic co-operation and development [oec ... | 2015 | 25015731 |
| can the use of medical muds cause genotoxicity in eukaryotic cells? a trial using comet assay. | despite the lack of knowledge of their exact effects, peloids (natural muds) are widely applied in clinical treatment and prevention of different diseases, especially in rheumatic and gynecological disorders or skin diseases. primarily we have information on their inorganic components, but only limited data are available on the organic components and nothing on their mechanism of chemical action. the objective of the present study was to detect the dna-damaging effects (possible genotoxic effect ... | 2015 | 25063339 |
| the synergistic toxicity of the multiple chemical mixtures: implications for risk assessment in the terrestrial environment. | the combined toxicity of five insecticides (chlorpyrifos, avermectin, imidacloprid, λ-cyhalothrin, and phoxim), two herbicides (atrazine and butachlor) and a heavy metal (cadmium) has been examined with the earthworm acute toxicity test. toxicological interactions of these chemicals in four, five, six, seven, and eight-component mixtures were studied using the combination-index (ci) equation method. in four-component and five-component mixtures, the synergistic effects predominated at lower effe ... | 2015 | 25667058 |
| effects of silver nanoparticles to soil invertebrates: oxidative stress biomarkers in eisenia fetida. | silver nanoparticles (ag-nps) are among the most produced nps worldwide having several applications in consumer products. ag-nps are known to cause oxidative stress in several organisms and cell lines, however comparatively less information is available regarding their effects on soil living invertebrates. the purpose of this study was to investigate if ag-nps cause oxidative stress on soil invertebrates. the model soil species eisenia fetida was used. our results showed that total glutathione ( ... | 2015 | 25618366 |
| inhibition and recovery of biomarkers of earthworm eisenia fetida after exposure to thiacloprid. | thiacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, has been used widely in agriculture worldwide. in recent years, the adverse effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on non-target organisms have attracted more and more attention. in the present study, effects of thiacloprid on molecular biomarkers (gst, care, cat, sod, pod, and dna damage) of earthworm eisenia fetida were investigated using the artificial oecd soil for the first time. earthworms were exposed to thiacloprid (1 and 3 mg/kg) for 7, 14, and 2 ... | 2015 | 25613803 |
| toxicity and bioaccumulation of bromadiolone to earthworm eisenia fetida. | bromadiolone, a potent second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide, has been extensively used worldwide for the field control of rodents. invertebrates may be at risk from primary poisoning as a result of bromadiolone bait applications. however, there are few data regarding the toxicity and bioaccumulation of bromadiolone to earthworms. in this study, we reported that bromadiolone was toxic to earthworms at 1mg/kg soil, which is a likely concentration in the field following application of bromad ... | 2015 | 25965004 |
| earthworms modify microbial community structure and accelerate maize stover decomposition during vermicomposting. | in the present study, maize stover was vermicomposted with the epigeic earthworm eisenia fetida. the results showed that, during vermicomposting process, the earthworms promoted decomposition of maize stover. analysis of microbial communities of the vermicompost by high-throughput pyrosequencing showed more complex bacterial community structure in the substrate treated by the earthworms than that in the control group. the dominant microbial genera in the treatment with the earthworms were pseudo ... | 2015 | 26139410 |
| biomarker analysis of combined oxytetracycline and zinc pollution in earthworms (eisenia fetida). | to determine the interactive action of antibiotics and heavy metals, this study assessed pollutant-induced responses of cellular biomarkers in earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to zinc (zn(2+)) and oxytetracycline (otc) in soil. lysosomal membranes were damaged and coelomocyte apoptosis occurred with exposure to the individual and combined pollutants. compared with zn(2+) alone, lysosomal membrane stability and coelomocyte apoptosis decreased in the zn(2+)-otc combined treatment, possibly as a ... | 2015 | 26134676 |
| the forms and bioavailability of phosphorus in integrated vertical flow constructed wetland with earthworms and different substrates. | a sequential extraction method was utilized to analyze seven forms of p in an integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland (ivfcw) containing earthworms and different substrates. the aluminum-bound p (al-p) content was found to be lower, and the occluded p (oc-p) content was higher in the ivfcw. the addition of earthworms into the influent chamber of ivfcw increased the exchange p (ex-p), iron-bound p (fe-p), calcium bound p (ca-p), oc-p, detritus-bound (de-p) and organic p (org-p) content in th ... | 2015 | 26025066 |
| determination of biomarkers for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) toxicity to earthworm (eisenia fetida). | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) compounds are persistent, carcinogenic, and mutagenic. when pahs enter agricultural soils through sewage sludge, they pose an environmental risk to soil organisms, including earthworms. therefore, we aimed to determine the toxic effects of pahs on earthworms. five pahs were used: fluorene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene. only fluorene and phenanthrene exhibited toxicity (lc50 values 394.09 and 114.02 g l(-1), respectively) against the ear ... | 2015 | 25920560 |
| short-term soil bioassays may not reveal the full toxicity potential for nanomaterials; bioavailability and toxicity of silver ions (agno₃) and silver nanoparticles to earthworm eisenia fetida in long-term aged soils. | this study investigated if standard risk assessment hazard tests are long enough to adequately provide the worst case exposure for nanomaterials. this study therefore determined the comparative effects of the aging on the bioavailability and toxicity to earthworms of soils dosed with silver ions and silver nanoparticles (ag np) for 1, 9, 30 & 52 weeks, and related this to the total ag in the soil, ag in soil pore water and earthworm tissue ag concentrations. for ionic ag, a classical pattern of ... | 2015 | 25910462 |
| biological response of earthworm, eisenia fetida, to five neonicotinoid insecticides. | earthworms (eisenia fetida) are one of the most abundant terrestrial species, and play an important role in maintaining the ecological function of soil. neonicotinoids are some of the most widely used insecticides applied to crops. studies on the effect of neonicotinoids on e. fetida are limited. in the present work, we evaluated the effects of five neonicotinoid insecticides on reproduction, cellulase activity and the tissues of e. fetida. the results showed that, the lc50 of imidacloprid, acet ... | 2015 | 25828917 |
| acute toxicological effects on the earthworm eisenia fetida of 18 common pharmaceuticals in artificial soil. | following soil applications of recycled water and biosolids, pharmaceutical residues can eventually enter the terrestrial environment. in vitro and in vivo assays have largely focused on the acute ecotoxicity of these compounds in aquatic systems. however, studies on the ecotoxicological effects of pharmaceuticals in soil biota are especially scarce. the aim of this study was to investigate the acute toxicity of 18 pharmaceuticals (4 nsaids, 5 blood lipid-lowering agents, 6 β-blockers and 3 anti ... | 2015 | 25765375 |
| uptake and depuration kinetics of lead (pb) and biomarker responses in the earthworm eisenia fetida after simultaneous exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209). | lead (pb) and bde209 (decabromodiphenyl ether) are the main contaminants at e-waste recycling sites, and their potential toxicological effects on terrestrial organisms have received extensive attention. however, the impact on earthworms of exposure to the two chemicals remains almost unknown. therefore, indoor incubation tests were performed on control and contaminated soil samples to determine the uptake and toxicity of pb in the presence of bde209 to the earthworm eisenia fetida. the results h ... | 2015 | 25483371 |
| growth inhibition and altered gene transcript levels in earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether. | the toxic effects of the ubiquitous pollutant 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (bde-47) on the earthworm eisenia fetida were assessed by determining growth-inhibition and gene transcript levels of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), glutathione transferase (gst), and transcriptional changes of the stress-response gene (heat-shock protein 70 [hsp70]). somatic growth and growth-inhibition rates in all bde-47-treated groups were significantly different from those of the controls. the sod ... | 2015 | 25600924 |
| a site-specific ecological risk assessment for corn-associated insecticides. | a site-specific ecological risk assessment (era) was conducted to examine the simultaneous use of genetically modified corn (bt corn) with a neonicotinoid seed coating, clothianidin, and use of a granular insecticide, tefluthrin, to protect crops from pest damage. a field study was conducted on site, and exposure data from the literature were summarized to determine the matrices and exposure concentrations that nontarget species could typically experience within an agricultural ecosystem. to det ... | 2015 | 25557061 |
| bioaccumulation of perfluoroalkyl acids by earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to contaminated soils. | the presence of perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) in biosolids-amended and aqueous film-forming foam (afff)-impacted soils results in two potential pathways for movement of these environmental contaminants into terrestrial foodwebs. uptake of pfaas by earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to unspiked soils with varying levels of pfaas (a control soil, an industrially impacted biosolids-amended soil, a municipal biosolids-amended soil, and two afff-impacted soils) was measured. standard 28 day exposure ... | 2015 | 25517891 |
| utilizing heavy metal-laden water hyacinth biomass in vermicomposting. | we studied the efficiency of water treatment by water hyacinth (eichhornia crassipes) from heavy metals (zn, cd, pb, cu), as well as a possibility of using water hyacinth biomass obtained during treatment for vermicomposting by eisenia fetida and the vermicompost quality in a model experiment. the results showed that the concentration of heavy metals in the trials with water hyacinth decreased within 35 days. we introduced water hyacinth biomass to the organic substrate for vermicomposting, whic ... | 2015 | 25501861 |
| genotoxic and oxidative responses in coelomocytes of eisenia fetida and hediste diversicolor exposed to lipid-coated cdse/zns quantum dots and cdcl2. | the emerging of quantum dots utilization in industrial or medicinal fields involved a potentially increase of these nanoparticles in environment. in this work, the genotoxic (comet assay) and oxidative effects (sod activity, tbars) of functionalized-qds and cadmium chloride were investigated on hediste diversicolor and eisenia fetida coelomocytes. results demonstrated that functionalized-qds (qdns) and cadmium chloride induced dna damages through different mechanisms that depended on the nano- o ... | 2015 | 24500942 |
| [aging law of pahs in contaminated soil and their enrichment in earthworms characterized by chemical extraction techniques]. | to evaluate the effect of aging on the availability of pahs, chemical extraction by exhaustive ( ase extraction) and nonexhaustive techniques (tenax-ta extraction, hydroxypropyl-p-cyclodextrin ( hpcd ) extraction, n-butyl alcohol ( buoh) extraction) as well as pahs accumulation in earthworms (eisenia fetida) were conducted in yellow soil from baguazhou, nanjing, china, and red soil from hainan, china, spiked with phenanthrene, pryene and benzo(a) pyrene and aged 0, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days. the res ... | 2015 | 27011997 |
| evaluation of genotoxicity of the acute gamma radiation on earthworm eisenia fetida using single cell gel electrophoresis technique (comet assay). | earthworms (eisenia fetida) most suitable biological indicators of radioactive pollution. radiation-induced lesions in dna can be considered to be molecular markers for early effects of ionizing radiation. gamma radiation produces a wide spectrum of dna. some of these lesions, i.e., dna strand breaks and alkali labile sites can be detected by the single-cell gel electrophoresis (scge) or comet assay by measuring the migration of dna from immobilized nuclear dna. e. fetida were exposed to differe ... | 2015 | 26653984 |
| bacterial community dynamics and ecotoxicological assessment during bioremediation of soils contaminated by biodiesel and diesel/biodiesel blends. | the gradual introduction of biodiesel in the brazilian energy landscape has primarily occurred through its blending with conventional petroleum diesel (e.g., b20 (20% biodiesel) and b5 (5% biodiesel) formulations). because b20 and lower-level blends generally do not require engine modifications, their use as transportation fuel is increasing in the brazilian distribution networks. however, the environmental fate of low-level biodiesel blends and pure biodiesel (b100) is poorly understood and the ... | 2015 | 26630771 |
| the earthworm eisenia fetida can help desalinate a coastal saline soil in tianjin, north china. | a laboratory microcosm experiment was conducted to determine whether the earthworm eisenia fetida could survive in a saline soil from a field site in north china, and an experiment using response surface methodology was conducted at that field site to quantify the effects of e. fetida and green waste compost (gwc) on the salt content of the soil. the microcosm results showed that e. fetida survived in gwc-amended saline soil and increased the contents of humic acid, available n, and available p ... | 2015 | 26699869 |
| exposure to 17β-oestradiol induces oxidative stress in the non-oestrogen receptor invertebrate species eisenia fetida. | the environmental impacts of various substances on all levels of organisms are under investigation. among these substances, endocrine-disrupting compounds (edcs) present a threat, although the environmental significance of these compounds remains largely unknown. to shed some light on this field, we assessed the effects of 17β-oestradiol on the growth, reproduction and formation of free radicals in eisenia fetida. | 2015 | 26695684 |
| timing and scope of genomic expansion within annelida: evidence from homeoboxes in the genome of the earthworm eisenia fetida. | annelida represents a large and morphologically diverse group of bilaterian organisms. the recently published polychaete and leech genome sequences revealed an equally dynamic range of diversity at the genomic level. the availability of more annelid genomes will allow for the identification of evolutionary genomic events that helped shape the annelid lineage and better understand the diversity within the group. we sequenced and assembled the genome of the common earthworm, eisenia fetida. as a f ... | 2015 | 26659921 |
| biological effects of decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209) and pb on earthworm (eisenia fetida) in a soil system. | bde209 and pb are ubiquitous contaminants at e-waste recycling sites (ewrss). this study aimed to determine acute and sub-acute toxicity to earthworm eisenia fetida induced by bde209 and pb in natural soil. results demonstrated that the inhibition of pb on growth and reproduction of earthworms followed a dose-dependent pattern. earthworms exposed to 100 mg kg(-1) of bde209 displayed avoidance responses, while the soil indicated a more obvious decline of habitat function with the increase of pb l ... | 2015 | 26412261 |
| thresholds of arsenic toxicity to eisenia fetida in field-collected agricultural soils exposed to copper mining activities in chile. | several previous studies highlighted the importance of using field-collected soils-and not artificially-contaminated soils-for ecotoxicity tests. however, the use of field-collected soils presents several difficulties for interpretation of results, due to the presence of various contaminants and unavoidable differences in the physicochemical properties of the tested soils. the objective of this study was to estimate thresholds of metal toxicity in topsoils of 24 agricultural areas historically c ... | 2015 | 26398238 |
| hypotensive and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of eisenia fetida extract in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | objectives. this study aimed to investigate the antihypertensive effects of an eisenia fetida extract (efe) and its possible mechanisms in spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr rats). methods. sixteen-week-old shr rats and wistar-kyoto rats (wky rats) were used in this study. rats were, respectively, given efe (efe group), captopril (captopril group), or phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) (normal control group and shr group) for 4 weeks. ace inhibitory activity of efe in vitro was determined. the sy ... | 2015 | 26798397 |