| responses of meloidogyne arenaria and m. incognita to green manures and supplemental urea in glasshouse culture. | the recent loss of many effective nematicides has led to renewed interest in alternative methods of nematode management. greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effects of rapeseed and velvetbean green manures, and supplemental urea, on the root-knot nematodes meloidogyne arenaria and m. incognita. green manures were incorporated with m. arenaria-infested soil using rates totaling 200,300, and 400 mg n/kg soil. squash plants grown in this soil were evaluated using a gall index and ... | 1996 | 19277190 |
| effects of midas® on nematodes in commercial floriculture production in florida. | cut flower producers currently have limited options for nematode control. four field trials were conducted in 2006 and 2007 to evaluate midas® (iodomethane:chloropicrin 50:50) for control of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne arenaria) on celosia argentea var. cristata in a commercial floriculture production field in southeastern florida. midas (224 kg/ha) was compared to methyl bromide:chloropicrin (98:2, 224 kg/ha), and an untreated control. treatments were evaluated for effects on meloidogyne a ... | 2010 | 22736832 |
| molecular and morphological characterization of an unusual meloidogyne arenaria population from traveler's tree, ravenala madagascariensis. | an unusual variant of meloidogyne arenaria was discovered on roots of a traveler's tree (ravenala madagascariensis) intended for display at a public arboretum in pennsylvania. the population aroused curiosity by the lack of visible galling on the roots of the infected plant, and the female vulval region was typically surrounded by egg sacs. most morphometrics of the population fit within the ranges reported for m. arenaria, with a mosaic of features in common with either m. platani or other trop ... | 2008 | 19440257 |
| comparison of methods for assessing resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in peanut. | use of resistant cultivars is a desirable approach to manage the peanut root-knot nematode (meloidogyne arenaria). to incorporate resistance into commercially acceptable cultivars requires reliable, efficient screening methods. to optimize the resistance screening protocol, a series of greenhouse tests were done using seven genotypes with three levels of resistance to m. arenaria. the three resistance levels could be separated based on gall indices as early as two weeks after inoculation (wai) u ... | 2007 | 19259486 |
| virulence of meloidogyne spp. and induced resistance in grape rootstocks. | harmony grape rootstock displays resistance to several meloidogyne spp. but that resistance is not durable in commercial vineyard settings. a 2-year experiment in a microplot setting revealed host specificities of two virulent populations of meloidogyne arenaria and an avirulent population of meloidogyne incognita. in a subsequent split-root experiment, the avirulent nematode population was demonstrated to induce resistance to the virulent nematode population. to quantify the level of resistance ... | 2007 | 19259475 |
| rate response of 1,3-dichloropropene for nematode control in spring squash in deep sand soils. | the soil fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) formulated with chloropicrin is viewed as a likely alternative for replacing methyl bromide in florida when the latter is phased out in 2005. therefore, it behooves us to learn more about using 1,3-d in deep, sand soils. two trials were conducted on spring squash to determine the most effective rate of 1,3-d for the control of meloidogyne spp. rates tested included 0, 56, 84, 112, and 168 liters/ha of 1,3-d applied broadcast with conventional chisels ... | 2000 | 19271005 |
| sensitive pcr detection of meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica extracted from soil. | we have developed a simple pcr assay protocol for detection of the root-knot nematode (rkn) species meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica extracted from soil. nematodes are extracted from soil using baermann funnels and centrifugal flotation. the nematode-containing fraction is then digested with proteinase k, and a pcr assay is carried out with primers specific for this group of rkn and with universal primers spanning the its of rrna genes. the presence of rkn j2 can be detected a ... | 2006 | 19259460 |
| low, but strongly structured mitochondrial dna diversity in root knot nematodes (meloidogyne). | root-knot nematodes (genus meloidogyne) have been the subject of recent and numerous studies of genetic variation because of the need to develop molecular diagnostics for the four globally distributed, parthenogenetic species that are significant agricultural pests. our analysis of meloidogyne mtdna improves on previous studies: (i) by examining restriction site polymorphism among a large number of isolates also characterized for standard morphological, host range and allozyme phenotypes; (ii) b ... | 1994 | 7911772 |
| suitability of zucchini and cucumber genotypes to populations of meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica. | the host suitability of five zucchini and three cucumber genotypes to meloidogyne incognita (mipm26) and m. javanica (mj05) was determined in pot experiments in a greenhouse. the number of egg masses (em) did not differ among the genotypes of zucchini or cucumber, but the eggs/plant and reproduction factor (rf) did slightly. m. incognita mipm26 showed lower em, eggs/plant, and rf than m. javanica mj05. examination of the zucchini galls for nematode postinfection development revealed unsuitable c ... | 2015 | 25861120 |
| preliminary study of the green algae chlorella (chlorella vulgaris) for control on the root-knot nematode (meloidogyne arenaria) in tomato plants and ectoparasite xiphinema indexin grape seedlings. | the alternative ecological methods require investigation of many organo-biological means for plant protection against dangerous root parasites such as root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria and some ectoparasites (xiphinema index). the bulgarian organic product - dry extract of green alga chlorella vulgaris ("the golden apple"-plamen barakov) is the latest product, which in comparative aspect gives the best results. series of laboratory and pot experiments are carried out with tomato (cv. bele ... | 2005 | 16628939 |
| host suitability of graminaceous crop cultivars for isolates of meloidogyne arenaria and m. incognita. | twenty-two graminaceous plant cultivars were evaluated in the greenhouse for host suitability for three south carolina isolates of meloidogyne arenaria race 2 (ma-r2) designated as florence, govan, and pelion, a florida isolate of m. arenaria race 1 (ma-r1), and a south carolina m. incognita race 3. host suitability was determined by calculating egg mass index (emi) reproduction factor (rf) (final egg numbers/initial egg numbers), and number of eggs per gram fresh root. corn hybrids pioneer 3147 ... | 1993 | 19279853 |
| reproductive variability of field populations of meloidogyne spp. on grape rootstocks. | variability in penetration, development, and reproduction of two resistance-breaking field pathotypes (pt.) of meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and a population of mixed meloidogyne spp. virulent to grape hosts were compared on two resistant vitis rootstocks 'freedom' and 'harmony' in separate tests. 'cabernet sauvignon' was included as a susceptible host to all four nematode populations. secondstage juveniles (j2) of the mixed population failed to penetrate freedom roots. by contrast, 6% of ... | 2000 | 19270976 |
| penetration and development of meloidogyne arenaria on two new grape rootstocks. | penetration, development, and reproduction of a virulent 'harmony' population of meloidogyne arenaria was studied on two nematode-resistant grape rootstocks 10-17a and 6-19b. 'cabernet sauvignon' was used as a susceptible control for comparison. plants were inoculated with 100 freshly hatched second-stage juveniles (j2) of m. arenaria. greater numbers of j2 penetrated roots of 'cabernet' than 10-17a, and none penetrated roots of 6-19b 4 days after inoculation (dai). at 7 dai, vermiform j2 advanc ... | 2002 | 19265923 |
| relationship between crop losses and initial population densities of meloidogyne arenaria in winter-grown oriental melon in korea. | to determine the economic threshold level, oriental melon (cucumis melo l. cv. geumssaragi-euncheon) grafted on shintozoa (cucurbita maxima x cu. moschata) was planted in plots (2 x 3 m) under a plastic film in february with a range of initial population densities (pi) of meloidogyne arenaria. the relationships of early, late, and total yield to pi measured in september and january were adequately described by both linear regression and the seinhorst damage model. initial nematode densities in s ... | 2002 | 19265907 |
| summer cropping effects on the abundance of meloidogyne arenaria race 2 and subsequent soybean yield. | a summer-planted crop of alyceelover significantly (p < 0.05) increased the soil abundance of meloidogyne arenaria race 2 juveniles by 3.7-fold when measured in the following spring. maize, sorghum, and soybean had no significant effects on residual nematode numbers over the same period. summer plantings of aeschynomene, cotton, hairy indigo, tespedeza, millet, peanut, and sorghum-sudangrass were as efficient as fallow in reducing root-knot nematode population levels. soybean yields (averaging 2 ... | 1993 | 19279844 |
| comparisons of isozyme phenotypes in five meloidogyne spp. with isoelectric focusing. | meloidogyne incognita race 1, m. javanica, m. arenaria race 1, m. hapla, and an undescribed meloidogyne sp. were analyzed by comparing isozyme phenotypes of esterase, malate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. isozyme phenotypes were obtained from single mature females by isoelectric focusing electrophoresis. of these five isozymes, only esterase and phosphoglucomutase could be used to separate all five meloidogyne spp.; however, ... | 1991 | 19283155 |
| characterization of species and races of the genus meloidogyne by dna restriction enzyme analysis. | total dna of three species of meloidogyne spp., including four subspecific races of m. incognita, were digested separately with ecor i, cla iii, and hind iii and probed with (3)(2)p-labelled total genomic dna from m. incognita race 1 in southern hybridizations. short exposures of southern blots after hind iii digestion revealed patterns that were useful for separating the species. race differences were seen after longer exposures. the dna fragment patterns obtained were scanned with a laser dens ... | 1991 | 19283147 |
| repeats and subrepeats in the intergenic spacer of rdna from the nematode meloidogyne arenaria. | ribosomal dna (rdna) repeats of the plant-parasitic nematode meloidogyne arenaria are heterogeneous in size and appear to contain 5s rrna gene sequences. moreover, in a reca+ bacterial host, plasmid clones of a 9 kb rdna repeat show deletion events within a 2 kb intergenic spacer (igs), between 28s and 5s dna sequences. these deletions appear to result from a reduction in the number of tandem 129 bp repeats in the igs. the loss of such repeats might explain how rdna length heterogeneity, observe ... | 1991 | 2062313 |
| size differences among root-knot nematodes on resistant and susceptible alyceclover genotypes. | the influence of plant resistance on the size of individual root-knot nematodes was determined in greenhouse experiments. five genotypes of alyceclover were inoculated with second-stage juveniles of meloidogyne incognita race 3 or m. arenaria race 1. plants were harvested at selected intervals and stained for detection of the nematodes, which were dissected from the roots. length, width, and sagittal-sectional area of each animal were measured using an image-analysis system, and areas of nematod ... | 1991 | 19283120 |
| unusual sequences, homologous to 5s rna, in ribosomal dna repeats of the nematode meloidogyne arenaria. | there are sequences homologous to 5s ribosomal rna in the ribosomal dna (rdna) repeats of the plant-parasitic nematode meloidogyne arenaria. this is surprising, because in all other higher eukaryotes studied to date, the genes for 5s rna are unlinked to and distinct from a tandem rdna repeat containing the genes for 18s, 5.8s, and 28s ribosomal rna. previously, only prokaryotes and certain "lower eukaryotes" (protozoa and fungi) had been found to have both the larger rrnas and 5s rrna represente ... | 1988 | 3138424 |
| response of cowpea breeding lines and cultivars to meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria. | twenty-four cowpea breeding lines and four cultivars were tested for resistance to meloidogyne incognita in the greenhouse. gall and egg mass ratings indicated a range of responses from susceptible to highly resistant. five breeding lines - vs84-2, vs84-8, vs84-12, vs84-14, and vs84-22 - and the cultivar erectset had gall and egg mass ratings comparable to the m. incognita-resistant cultivar mississippi silver. all of these were also resistant to m. arenaria. significantly fewer m. incognita juv ... | 1987 | 19290274 |
| host suitability of commercial corn hybrids to meloidogyne arenaria and m. incognita. | the host suitability of 64 commercial corn hybrids for a meloidogyne arenaria race 2 population and a m. incognita race 4 population was determined in greenhouse experiments. 'northrup king 508' and 'pioneer brand 3147' maintained m. arenaria below and at the initial population level, respectively, indicating that these hybrids are relatively poor hosts for this species. rf values (final egg number/initial egg number) of the hybrids for m. arenaria ranged from 0.8 for northrup king 508 to 42.3 f ... | 1987 | 19290266 |
| development of a soil-temperature data base on meloidogyne arenaria for a simulation model. | models for the development rate and death rate of meloidogyne arenaria relative to temperature and time were developed to improve the predictive performance of a computer simulator. about 74% of the eggs hatched fairly rapidly, whereas the remainder hatched at a lower rate and appeared to be uninfluenced by temperature shock and root exudates. death rates of eggs were rapid at extremes of temperature (5 and 36 c) during the first week, because of sensitivity of younger eggs, and then declined an ... | 1978 | 19305811 |
| polyploidy and parthenogenesis in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria. | | 1963 | 14079604 |
| inheritance of resistance to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria in myrobalan plum. | the inheritance of resistance of the self-incompatible myrobalan plum prunus cerasifera to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria was studied using first a diallel cross between five parents of variable host suitability (including two highly resistant clones p.1079 and p.2175, a moderate host p.2032, a good host p.2646 and an excellent host p.16.5), followed by the g2 crosses p.16.5 × (p.2646 × p.1079) and p.2646 × (p.16.5 × p.1079). a total of 355 g1 and 72 g2 clones obtained from hard-woo ... | 1996 | 24166553 |
| reproduction of meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica on sesame. | reproduction of meloidogyne arenaria race 1, m. ineognita races 1 and 3, and m. javanica on 10 cultivars of sesame (sesame indicum) was examined in greenhouse tests. sesame cultivars were also evaluated in a field infested with m. arenaria. sesame was a poor host for m. incognita races 1 and 3 as no sesame genotype supported more than 70 eggs/g root. reproduction of m. arenaria race 1 on sesame varied from 20 eggs/g roots for cultivar sesaco 7cb to 1,570 eggs/g roots for sesaco 119 in the greenh ... | 1995 | 19277331 |