Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| nematode-trapping fungi in organic and conventional cropping systems. | abstract nematode-trapping fungi, nematodes, and microbial biomass were quantified in conventionally and organically managed field plots in the sustainable agriculture farming systems project at the university of california at davis. there were four replicate plots (0.135 ha per plot) for each management system, and plots were sampled three times each year for 2 years. the hypothesis that nematode-trapping fungi would be more abundant in organically managed plots was partially supported: the num ... | 1998 | 18944958 |
| genetic and physical localization of the root-knot nematode resistance locus mi in tomato. | as part of a map-based cloning strategy designed to isolate the root-knot nematode resistance gene mi, tomato f2 populations were analyzed in order to identify recombination points close to this economically important gene. a total of 21,089 f2 progeny plants were screened using morphological markers. an additional 1887 f2 were screened using pcr-based flanking markers. fine-structure mapping of recombinants with newly developed aflp markers, and rflp markers derived from physically mapped cosmi ... | 1998 | 9520273 |
| evidence for a dosage effect of the mi gene on partially virulent isolates of meloidogyne javanica. | the reproduction of single egg-mass isolates of meloidogyne javanica from crete that differed in virulence were compared on tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) genotypes homozygous or heterozygous for the mi gene. the reproduction of three isolates with partial virulence was much greater on tomato genotypes heterozygous for the mi gene (cultivars scala, bermuda, and 7353) than on two homozygous genotypes (f8 inbred lines derived from scala). the reproduction of a highly virulent isolate on the homo ... | 1998 | 19274201 |
| root-knot nematode resistance genes in tomato and their potential for future use. | the gene mi, which confers resistance to several species of root-knot nematode, is present in many modern tomato cultivars. recent cloning of this gene revealed that it encodes a member of the plant resistance protein family characterized by the presence of a putative nucleotide binding site and a leucine-rich repeat. analysis of transgenic plants revealed the unexpected result that mi also confers resistance to potato aphids. although highly effective in many conditions, mi fails to confer resi ... | 1998 | 15012501 |
| cloning and characterization of an esophageal-gland-specific chorismate mutase from the phytoparasitic nematode meloidogyne javanica. | root-knot nematodes are obligate plant parasites that alter plant cell growth and development by inducing the formation of giant feeder cells. it is thought that nematodes inject secretions from their esophageal glands into plant cells while feeding, and that these secretions cause giant cell formation. to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the formation of giant cells, a strategy was developed to clone esophageal gland genes from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica. one clone, shown to ... | 1999 | 10188271 |
| methylene group modifications of the n-(isothiazol-5-yl)phenylacetamides. synthesis and insecticidal activity. | it has been shown that oxidation at the alpha-carbon of n-(4-chloro-3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)-2-[p-[(alpha,alpha, alpha-trifluoro-p-tolyl)oxy]phenyl]acetamide (1) is conveniently brought about using dimethylformamide dimethylacetal to give n-(4-chloro-3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)-beta-(dimethylamino)-p-[(alpha, alpha,alpha-trifluoro-p-tolyl)oxy]atropamide (2), which has served as a common starting point for a variety of functional group transformations. these transformations were found to proceed in ... | 1999 | 10552661 |
| utility of mi gene resistance in tomato to manage meloidogyne javanica in north florida. | three field trials were conducted to determine response of meloidogyne javanica to tomato cultivars containing the mi gene for resistance in sequential tests. trials were conducted in spring and fall 1997 and spring 1998 on the same site. tomatoes were grown on polyethylene mulch at a site initially treated with methyl bromide and then infested with m. javanica via drip tubing. cultivars with the mi gene were 'psr 8991994' and 'sanibel', and susceptible cultivars were 'colonial' and 'agriset 761 ... | 1999 | 19270941 |
| local and systemic induced resistance to the root-knot nematode in tomato by dl-beta-amino-n-butyric acid. | abstract chemical inducers of pathogenesis-related proteins and plant resistance were applied to tomato plants, with the aim of inducing resistance to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica. relative to control plants, foliar spray and soil-drenching with dl-beta-amino-n-butyric acid (baba) reduced root-galling 7 days after inoculation, as well as the number of eggs 30 days after inoculation. other chemicals (alpha- and gamma-amino-n-butyric acid, jasmonic acid, methyl jasmonate, and salicy ... | 1999 | 18944637 |
| reproduction and development of meloidogyne incognita and m. javanica on guardian peach rootstock. | guardian peach rootstock was evaluated for susceptibility to meloidogyne incognita race 3 (georgia-peach isolate) and m. javanica in the greenhouse. both commercial guardian seed sources produced plants that were poor hosts of m. incognita and m. javanica. reproduction as measured by number of egg masses and eggs per plant, eggs per egg mass, and eggs per gram of root were a better measure of host resistance than number of root galls per plant. penetration, development, and reproduction of m. in ... | 1999 | 19270905 |
| evaluation of dry ice as a potential cryonematicide for meloidogyne incognita in soil. | solid co (dry ice) was added to pots containing soil that was infested either with eggs of the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita, or with tomato (lycopersicon esculentum 'rutgers') root fragments that were infected with various stages of the nematode. two hours after dry ice was added, thermocouples in the soil recorded temperatures ranging from -15 degrees c to -59 degrees c. one day after treatment with the dry ice, the temperature of the soil was allowed to equilibrate with that of th ... | 1999 | 19270918 |
| isolation of a cdna encoding a beta-1,4-endoglucanase in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita and expression analysis during plant parasitism. | a beta-1,4-endoglucanase encoding cdna (egases, e.c. 3.2.1.4), named mi-eng-1, was cloned from meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles (j2). the deduced amino acid sequence contains a catalytic domain and a cellulose-binding domain separated by a linker. in m. incognita, the gene is transcribed in the migratory j2, in males, and in the sedentary adult females. in pre-parasitic j2, endoglucanase transcripts are located in the cytoplasm of the subventral esophageal glands. the presence of bet ... | 1999 | 10478479 |
| carbon partitioning in soybean infected with meloidogyne incognita and m. javanica. | seven-day-old seedlings of two cultivars (cristalina and ufv itm1) of glycine max were inoculated with 0, 3,000, 9,000, or 27,000 eggs of meloidogyne incognita race 3 or m. javanica and maintained in a greenhouse. thirty days later, plants were exposed to (1)co for 4 hours. twenty hours after (1)co exposure, the root fresh weight, leaf dry weight, nematode eggs per gram of root, total and specific radioactivity of carbohydrates in roots, and root carbohydrate content were evaluated. meloidogyne ... | 1999 | 19270907 |
| comparison of variable and single-rate applications of aldicarb on cotton yield in fields infested with meloidogyne incognita. | variable-rate applications of the nematicide aldicarb were compared to producer standard rates in eight field tests over 3 years. test areas (308 to 1,015 m long) were divided into eight or five blocks. each block contained two plots with a variable-rate treatment (vrt) of aldicarb and a producer standard treatment (pst) of aldicarb. each vrt plot was divided into three subunits and intensively sampled for meloidogyne incognita in either the fall or spring before planting. rates of aldicarb were ... | 1999 | 19270939 |
| effects of a resistant corn hybrid and fenamiphos on meloidogyne incognita in a corn-squash rotation. | the efficacy of a double-cross corn (zea mays) hybrid (old raccoon selection x t216) x (tebeau selection x mp 307) resistant to meloidogyne incognita as a rotational crop, and fenamiphos treatment for management of root-knot nematode (m. incognita race 1) in squash (cucurbita pepo var. melopepo) was evaluated in field tests during 1996 and 1997. numbers of m. incognita in the soil and root-gall indices were lower on the resistant hybrid than on a commercial cultivar dekalb dk-683. treatment mean ... | 1999 | 19270888 |
| rhizosphere colonization and control of meloidogyne spp. by nematode-trapping fungi. | the ability of nematode-trapping fungi to colonize the rhizosphere of crop plants has been suggested to be an important factor in biological control of root-infecting nematodes. in this study, rhizosphere colonization was evaluated for 38 isolates of nematode-trapping fungi representing 11 species. in an initial screen, arthrobotrys dactyloides, a. superba, and monacrosporium ellipsosporum were most frequently detected in the tomato rhizosphere. in subsequent pot experiments these fungi and the ... | 1999 | 19270886 |
| molecular cloning of an acetylcholinesterase gene from the plant parasitic nematodes, meloidogyne incognita and meloidogyne javanica. | a gene encoding a protein with strong homology with caenorhabditis elegans and c. briggsae acetylcholinesterase ace-1 was cloned from meloidogyne incognita and m. javanica pre-parasitic juveniles. both cdnas have an orf of 1968 bp for a deduced translation product of 656 amino acid residues. the key residues essential to acetylcholinesterase (ache) structure and function are conserved in both sequences. m. incognita and m. javanica ache share a homology of 98.8% at the amino acid level and 97% a ... | 1999 | 10340488 |
| specific diagnosis of two root-knot nematodes, meloidogyne chitwoodi and m. fallax, with satellite dna probes. | abstract meloidogyne chitwoodi and m. fallax are serious pests of potato, and both species have been recently designated as quarantine organisms in the european community and in canada. the sympatric and less damaging species m. hapla is often found associated with both of them under temperate climates. here, we describe the use of satellite dna (satdna) sequences previously isolated from these three root-knot nematode species for the development of specific diagnostic procedures. in dot-blot ex ... | 1999 | 18944750 |
| a pathotype system to describe intraspecific variation in pathogenicity of meloidogyne chitwoodi. | tests of eight dutch meloidogyne chitwoodi isolates to the differential set for host races 1 and 2 in m. chitwoodi provided no evidence for the existence of host race 2 in the netherlands. the data showed deviations from expected reactions on the differential hosts, which raised doubts of the usefulness of the host race classification in m. chitwoodi. the term ''pathotype'' is proposed for groups of isolates of one meloidogyne sp. that exhibit the same level of pathogenicity on genotypes of one ... | 1999 | 19270911 |
| genetic analysis of resistance to meloidogyne chitwoodi introgressed from solanum hougasii into cultivated potato. | an accession of solanum hougasii, a wild tuber-bearing potato species native to mexico, was found to be resistant to races 1 and 2 of meloidogyne chitwoodi. a resistant selection was selfed and its progeny possessed the same combined resistance uniformly. a selected resistant seedling from the selfed progeny was crossed to cultivated tetraploid potato (s. tuberosum) to form an f hybrid, and was backcrossed to cultivated tetraploid potato to form a bc population in which resistance to the two rac ... | 1999 | 19270896 |
| effect of temperature on and histopathology of the interaction between meloidogyne incognita and thielaviopsis basicola on cotton. | abstract controlled environments were used to study the relationship between the root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita) and thielaviopsis basicola on cotton. temperature treatments were continuous 20, 24, and 28 degrees c or two cyclic linear regimes with ranges of 14 to 32 or 18 to 28 degrees c over 24 h. cotton seeds were planted in fumigated soil infested with t. basicola, m. incognita, or both. after 42 days, pathogen effects on plant growth and pathogen development were evaluated. histo ... | 1999 | 18944671 |
| bahiagrass, corn, cotton rotations, and pesticides for managing nematodes, diseases, and insects on peanut. | florunner peanut was grown after 1 and 2 years of tifton 9 bahiagrass, corn, cotton, and continuous peanut as whole-plots. pesticide treatments aldicarb (3.4 kg a.i./ha), flutolanil (1.7 kg a.i./ha), aldicarb + flutolanil, and untreated (control) were sub-plots. numbers of meloidogyne arenaria second-stage juveniles in the soil and root-gall indices of peanut at harvest were consistently lower in plots treated with aldicarb and aldicarb + flutolanil than in flutolanil-treated and untreated plots ... | 1999 | 19270889 |
| host suitability of potential cover crops for root-knot nematodes. | several potential cover crops were evaluated for their susceptibility to meloidogyne arenaria race 1, m. incognita race 1, and m. javanica in a series of five greenhouse experiments. no galls or egg masses were observed on roots of castor (ricinus communis), cowpea (vigna unguiculata cv. iron clay), crotalaria (crotalaria spectabilis), or american jointvetch (aeschynomene americana). occasional egg masses (rating </=1.0 on 0-5 scale) were observed on marigold (tagetes minuta) in one test with m. ... | 1999 | 19270926 |
| genetics and mechanism of resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in peanut germplasm. | segregation of resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in six bcf peanut breeding populations was examined in greenhouse tests. chi-square analysis indicated that segregation of resistance was consistent with resistance being conditioned by a single gene in three breeding populations (tp259-3, tp262-3, and tp271-2), whereas two resistance genes may be present in the breeding populations tp259-2, tp263-2, and tp268-3. nematode development in clonally propagated lines of resistant individuals of tp262- ... | 1999 | 19270898 |
| plant sources of chinese herbal remedies: effects on pratylenchus vulnus and meloidogyne javanica. | more than 500 plant species, used alone or in combination, are documented in chinese traditional medicine to have activity against helminth and micro-invertebrate pests of humans. we subjected 153 candidate medicines or their plant sources to multilevel screening for effectiveness against plant-parasitic nematodes. for extracts effective in preliminary screens, we determined time-course and concentration-response relationships. seventy-three of the aqueous extracts of medicines or their plant so ... | 1999 | 19270895 |
| effects of fluctuating temperatures and different host plants on development of pasteuria penetrans in meloidogyne javanica. | greenhouse and growth room experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of host plant in relation to different nematode inoculum levels, and temperature fluctuations on the development of pasteuria penetrans. host plant affected the development of p. penetrans indirectly through its effect on nematode development. endospores collected from meloidogyne javanica females reared on different hosts did not show any differences in subsequent attachment and infectivity. the numbers of endospore ... | 1999 | 19270902 |
| phylogenetic analysis of pasteuria penetrans by 16s rrna gene cloning and sequencing. | pasteuria penetrans is an endospore-forming bacterial parasite of meloidogyne spp. this organism is among the most promising agents for the biological control of root-knot nematodes. in order to establish the phylogenetic position of this species relative to other endospore-forming bacteria, the 16s ribosomal genes from two isolates of p. penetrans, p-20, which preferentially infects m. arenaria race 1, and p-100, which preferentially infects m. incognita and m. javanica, were pcr-amplified from ... | 1999 | 19270903 |
| greenhouse studies on the effect of marigolds (tagetes spp.) on four meloidogyne species. | the effects of preplanted marigold on tomato root galling and multiplication of meloidogyne incognita, m. javanica, m. arenaria, and m. hapla were studied. marigold cultivars of tagetes patula, t. erecta, t. signata, and a tagetes hybrid all reduced galling and numbers of second-stage juveniles in subsequent tomato compared to the tomato-tomato control. all four meloidogyne spp. reproduced on t. signata 'tangerine gem'. several cultivars of t. patula and t. erecta suppressed galling and reproduc ... | 1999 | 19270876 |
| fosthiazate controls meloidogyne arenaria and m. incognita in flue-cured tobacco. | the nematicide fosthiazate was evaluated over a 3-year period for management of meloidogyne incognita race 3 (site 1) and m. arenaria race 2 (site 2) in flue-cured tobacco. fosthiazate was applied broadcast and incorporated at rates ranging from 22 to 88 g a.i./100 m(2), and compared with the nematicides fenamiphos (67 g a.i./100 m(2)), 1,3-d (56.1 l/ha, 670 ml/100-m row), and an untreated control. root-gall indices and leaf yields were averaged over the 3-year period. root galling was negativel ... | 1999 | 19270938 |
| suppression of meloidogyne hapla and its damage to lettuce grown in a mineral soil amended with chitin and biocontrol organisms. | chitin was used as soil amendment in fiberglass field microplots, alone or with one or a combination of two to three species of hirsutella rhossiliensis, paecilomyces marquandii, verticillium chlamydosporium, bacillus thuringiensis, and streptomyces costaricanus. sudangrass and rapeseed were planted as cover crops and incorporated into soil as green manure amendments. chitin amendment alone increased the marketable yield of lettuce in 1995 and reduced root-galling ratings and the reproduction of ... | 1999 | 19270942 |
| meloidogyne petuniae n. sp. (nemata: meloidogynidae), a root-knot nematode parasitic on petunia in brazil. | meloidogyne petuniae n. sp. is described and illustrated from specimens parasitic on petunia (petunia hybrida l.) in brasilia, brazil. the perineal pattern of the female is elongate to ovoid with a high, squarish arch and widely spaced, coarse striae. the stylet of the female is 12.9-16.5 microm long and has three small, rounded knobs that are distinctly set off from the shaft. each knob is marked by a deep longitudinal indentation posteriorly and anteriorly. in sem the base of the shaft appears ... | 1999 | 19270879 |
| in-vitro assays of meloidogyne incognita and heterodera glycines for detection of nematode-antagonistic fungal compounds. | in-vitro methods were developed to test fungi for production of metabolites affecting nematode egg hatch and mobility of second-stage juveniles. separate assays were developed for two nematodes: root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita) and soybean cyst nematode (heterodera glycines). for egg hatch to be successfully assayed, eggs must first be surface-disinfested to avoid the confounding effects of incidental microbial growth facilitated by the fungal culture medium. sodium hypochlorite was mo ... | 1999 | 19270887 |
| population dynamics of meloidogyne incognita, m. arenaria,and other nematodes and crop yields in rotations of cotton, peanut, and wheat under minimum tillage. | wheat, cotton, and peanut were arranged in three cropping sequences to determine the effects of fenamiphos (6.7 kg a.i./ha) and cropping sequence on nematode population densities and crop yields under conservation tillage and irrigation for 6 years. the cropping sequences included a wheat winter cover crop each year and summer crops of cotton every year, peanut every year, or cotton rotated every other year with peanut. the population densities of meloidogyne spp. and helicotylenchus dihystera w ... | 2000 | 19270949 |
| extraction and purification of pasteuria spp. endospores. | pasteuria penetrans is an endospore-forming bacterial parasite of root-knot nematodes that has potential as a biological control agent. biochemical investigations of p. penetrans are limited because of difficulty in obtaining large quantities of endospores free of plant debris and contaminating microorganisms. our objective was to develop a technique for extraction and purification of p. penetrans endospores from root-knot nematodes. tomato roots infected with meloidogyne arenaria that was paras ... | 2000 | 19270952 |
| hirsutella rhossiliensisand verticillium chlamydosporium as biocontrol agents of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla on lettuce. | hirsutella rhossiliensis and verticillium chlamydosporium infected second-stage juveniles (j2) and eggs of meloidogyne hapla, respectively, in petri dishes and in organic soil in pots planted to lettuce in the greenhouse. in vitro, h. rhossiliensis produced 78 to 124 spores/infected j2 of m. hapla. the number of j2 in roots of lettuce seedlings decreased exponentially with increasing numbers of vegetative colonies of h. rhossiliensis in the soil. at an infestation of 8 m. hapla eggs/cm(3) soil, ... | 2000 | 19270953 |
| efficacy of bacillus thuringiensis, paecilomyces marquandii,and streptomyces costaricanus with and without organic amendments against meloidogyne hapla infecting lettuce. | chitin, wheat mash, or brewery compost were incorporated into unfumigated and methyl bromide-fumigated organic soils placed in microplots formed from cylindrical drainage tiles (0.25 m-diam. clay tile). after 3 weeks, meloidogyne hapla and cell or spore suspensions of bacillus thuringiensis, paecilomyces marquandii, and streptomyces costaricanus were individually added to the soils of designated microplots. a b. thuringiensis + s. costaricanus combination was also tested. lettuce seedlings, cv. ... | 2000 | 19270951 |
| the broad-spectrum tospovirus resistance gene sw-5 of tomato is a homolog of the root-knot nematode resistance gene mi. | we used a positional cloning approach to isolate the sw-5 disease resistance locus of tomato. complementation experiments with overlapping cosmid clones enabled us to demonstrate that sw-5 is a single gene locus capable of recognizing several tospovirus isolates and species. analysis of the predicted sw-5 protein suggests that it is a cytoplasmic protein, with a potential nucleotide binding site (nbs) domain and a c-terminal end consisting of leucine-rich repeats (lrrs). based on its structural ... | 2000 | 11043474 |
| rapid identification of cyst (heterodera spp., globodera spp.) and root-knot (meloidogyne spp.) nematodes on the basis of its2 sequence variation detected by pcr-single-strand conformational polymorphism (pcr-sscp) in cultures and field samples. | cyst and root-knot nematodes show high levels of gross morphological similarity. this presents difficulties for the study of their ecology in natural ecosystems. in this study, cyst and root-knot nematode species, as well as some ectoparasitic nematode species, were identified using the second internal transcribed spacer (its2) sequence variation detected by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformational polymorphism (pcr-sscp). the its2 region was sufficiently variable within the taxa i ... | 2000 | 10972762 |
| molecular cloning and characterisation of a venom allergen ag5-like cdna from meloidogyne incognita. | rna fingerprinting was used to identify rnas that were expressed in parasitic second-stage juveniles of meloidogyne incognita, but absent from or reduced in preparasitic second-stage juveniles. a cdna encoding a putative secretory protein was cloned from a m. incognita second-stage juvenile cdna library by probing with a 0.5kb fragment derived from fingerprinting that was more strongly expressed in parasitic second-stage juveniles. the cdna, named mi-msp-1, contained an open reading frame encodi ... | 2000 | 10675748 |
| phenotypic and genetic characterization of paecilomyces lilacinus strains with biocontrol activity against root-knot nematodes. | efficient selection of fungi for biological control of nematodes requires a series of screening assays. assessment of genetic diversity in the candidate species maximizes the variety of the isolates tested and permits the assignment of a particular genotype with high nematophagous potential using a rapid novel assay. molecular analyses also facilitate separation between isolates, allowing the identification of proprietary strains and trace biocontrol strains in the environment. the resistance of ... | 2000 | 11006837 |
| biochemical characterization of mi-eng1, a family 5 endoglucanase secreted by the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | a beta-1,4-endoglucanase named mi-eng1, homologous to the family 5 glycoside hydrolases, was previously isolated from the plant parasitic root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. we describe here the detection of the enzyme in the nematode homogenate and secretion and its complete biochemical characterization. this study is the first comparison of the enzymatic properties of an animal glycoside hydrolase with plant and microbial enzymes. mi-eng1 shares many enzymatic properties with known endog ... | 2000 | 10824111 |
| cloning and characterization of an extremely conserved satellite dna family from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria. | a new satellite dna family, named pmae, has been cloned from the genome of the phytoparasitic nematode, meloidogyne arenaria (nematoda: tylenchida). it is represented as tandemly repeated sequences with a monomeric unit of 172 bp. the monomers are present at approximately 15700 copies per haploid genome, and represent about 5.3% of the total genomic dna. twenty-seven independent monomers have been cloned and sequenced. the deduced consensus sequence is 70.9% a + t rich, with frequent stretches o ... | 2000 | 10791824 |
| rate response of 1,3-dichloropropene for nematode control in spring squash in deep sand soils. | the soil fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) formulated with chloropicrin is viewed as a likely alternative for replacing methyl bromide in florida when the latter is phased out in 2005. therefore, it behooves us to learn more about using 1,3-d in deep, sand soils. two trials were conducted on spring squash to determine the most effective rate of 1,3-d for the control of meloidogyne spp. rates tested included 0, 56, 84, 112, and 168 liters/ha of 1,3-d applied broadcast with conventional chisels ... | 2000 | 19271005 |
| effects of potato-cotton cropping systems and nematicides on plant-parasitic nematodes and crop yields. | belonolaimus longicaudatus has been reported as damaging both potato (solanum tuberosum) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum). these crops are not normally grown in cropping systems together in areas where the soil is infested with b. longicaudatus. during the 1990s cotton was grown in a potato production region that was a suitable habitat for b. longicaudatus. it was not known how integrating the production of these two crops by rotation or double-cropping would affect the population densities of b. ... | 2000 | 19270980 |
| species-dependent effects of border cell and root tip exudates on nematode behavior. | abstract effects of border cell and root tip exudates on root knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita) behavior were examined. in whole-plant assays using pea, m. incognita second-stage juveniles (j2) accumulated rapidly around the 1- to 2-mm apical region ensheathed by border cells, but not in the region of elongation. within 15 to 30 min, j2 which had accumulated within detached clumps of border cells lost motility and entered into a quiescent state. when border cells (and associated root tip exu ... | 2000 | 18944426 |
| control of meloidogyne chitwoodi in potato with fumigant and nonfumigant nematicides. | during 1993-94, several fumigant and nonfumigant nematicides were tested alone and in combination at various rates for control of columbia root-knot nematode (meloidogyne chitwoodi) in potato. ethoprop, oxamyl, or metam sodium alone did not adequately reduce tuber infection. metam sodium plus ethoprop reduced culled tubers to 3%, and metam sodium plus 2 or 3 foliar applications of oxamyl reduced culls to </=10% in all but one instance. fosthiazate provided excellent control of tuber infection wi ... | 2000 | 19271010 |
| variability in time and space of meloidogyne incognita fall population density in cotton fields. | three cotton fields infested with meloidogyne incognita were intensively sampled in the fall for 3 years (1996 to 1998) to determine if intensive sampling for m. incognita, for which spatial location is important, was necessary every year in a continuous cotton system. two composite soil samples (20 cores each), taken over an area covering one-third of the field length and two rows wide, were averaged to represent that area (row-location combination). each field (except one) had 24 areas assayed ... | 2000 | 19270975 |
| effects of meloidogyne incognita on growth and storage-root formation of cassava (manihot esculenta). | two-node cuttings of cassava cultivar ss4 were inoculated with 1,000 infective juveniles of meloidogyne incognita at 1, 14, 40, 70, 88, and 127 days after planting (dap). plant growth and root damage were assessed at 150 dap. meloidogyne incognita significantly reduced the number of storageroots formed in plants inoculated at 14, 40, 70, and 88 dap and the total weight of storage-roots in plants inoculated at 1, 14, 40, 70, and 88 dap, compared to uninoculated plants. individual storage-root wei ... | 2000 | 19270997 |
| nematicidal constituents of the aerial parts of lantana camara. | two new constituents, lantanoside (1) and lantanone (2), and the known compounds linaroside (3) and camarinic acid (4) were isolated from the aerial parts of lantana camara. compounds 1, 3, and 4 were tested for nematicidal activity against root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita and showed 90, 85, and 100% mortality, respectively, at 1.0% concentration. the results were comparable to those obtained with the conventional nematicide furadan (100% mortality at 1.0% concentration). structures of t ... | 2000 | 10869197 |
| effect of mulch surface color on root-knot of tomato grown in simulated planting beds. | the effect of different-colored polyethylene mulches on quantity and spectra of reflected light, plant morphology, and root-knot disease was studied in tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) grown in simulated planting beds. tomato plants were inoculated with meloidogyne incognita at initial populations (pi) of 0, 1,000, 10,000, or 50,000 eggs/plant, and grown in a greenhouse for 50 days over white, red, or black mulch. soil temperature was kept constant among the mulch treatments by placing an insula ... | 2000 | 19270954 |
| heat stability of resistance to meloidogyne incognita in scotch bonnet peppers ( capsicum chinense jacq.). | stability of resistance to meloidogyne incognita (kofoid &white) chitwood was determined in pepper (capsicum chinense jacq. and c. annuum l.) at 24, 28, and 32 degrees c. reactions of the c. annuum cultivars charleston belle and keystone resistant giant and the c. chinense cultigens pa-426 and pa-350 to m. incognita were compared. charleston belle is homozygous for the n gene that confers resistance to m. incognita in c. annuum, and keystone resistant giant is the susceptible recurrent parent of ... | 2000 | 19270989 |
| using microwave irradiation to improve preservation of female nematodes and gall tissues for tem observations. | microwave irradiation of glutaraldehyde-immersed samples was evaluated for the chemical fixation of 3-week-old galls that resulted from the infection of tomato roots (lycopersicon esculentum) by a root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita. observation by transmission electron microscopy indicated that the best results were obtained when vials containing the intact galls were immersed in buffered glutaraldehyde and irradiated for 10 seconds then allowed to cool for 30 seconds; this procedure was ... | 2000 | 19270984 |
| nematicidal activity of essential oils and their components against the root-knot nematode. | abstract nematicidal activity of essential oils extracted from 27 spices and aromatic plants were evaluated in vitro and in pot experiments. twelve of the twenty-seven essential oils immobilized more than 80% of juveniles of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica at a concentration of 1,000 mul/liter. at this concentration, most of these oils also inhibited nematode hatching. essential oils of carum carvi, foeniculum vulgare, mentha rotundifolia, and mentha spicata showed the highest nemati ... | 2000 | 18944489 |
| host status of thirteen acacia species to meloidogyne javanica. | thirteen indigenous and exotic acacia species grown in saudi arabia were evaluated for their host status for meloidogyne javanica in pot tests both in the growth chamber and under outdoor conditions. in both experiments, 21-day-old seedlings were transplanted individually into 15-cm-diam. plastic pots containing a steam-sterilized mixture of equal parts loam and sandy loam. seedlings were inoculated with 5,000 m. javanica eggs/plant 30 days later. after 120 days, fresh root weight, disease index ... | 2000 | 19271016 |
| plant parasitic nematodes: habitats, hormones, and horizontally-acquired genes. | plant parasitic nematodes are ubiquitous and cosmopolitan pathogens of vascular plants and exploit all parts of the roots and shoots, causing substantial crop damage. nematodes deploy a broad spectrum of feeding strategies, ranging from simple grazing to the establishment of complex cellular structures (including galls) in host tissues. various models of feeding site formation have been proposed, and a role for phytohormones has long been speculated, although whether they perform a primary or se ... | 2000 | 11038227 |
| identification of mariner-like elements from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne spp. | the meloidogyne species are agriculturally important pests widespread in the world. these polyphagous endoparasitic nematodes possess an astonishing ability to bypass the plant resistance genes in few generations. however, the genes and mechanisms involved in this molecular determinism are not yet known. except cytogenetic and cytotaxonomic studies, few data are available concerning their genome. there is therefore an important need of molecular tools for genetic investigation of their virulence ... | 2000 | 10779595 |
| nematicidal activity of trigonella foenum-graecum l. | the aqueous, methanol and chloroform extracts of trigonella foenum-graecum caused significant (p < 0.05) mortality of meloidogyne javanica larvae. the methanol soluble fraction eluted from pure distilled water showed the highest (>92%) nematicidal activity compared with the fractions eluted from pure methanol and different ratios of chloroform and methanol indicate that the nematicidal compound was polar in nature. | 2001 | 11536387 |
| mi-1.2 transcripts accumulate ubiquitously in resistant lycopersicon esculentum. | the tomato mi-1.2 gene confers resistance against both root-knot nematodes and the potato aphid. plants are resistant to nematodes early in root development. however, plants as old as 4 weeks are susceptible to aphid infestation. we monitored mi-1.2 expression at the transcriptional level in resistant (mi/mi) and susceptible (mi/mi) tomato cultivars by means of rt-pcr. mi-1.2 transcripts accumulated in seeds, roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and green fruits of uninfected 10-week-old resistant pla ... | 2001 | 19266006 |
| biological control of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica by trichoderma harzianum. | abstract the fungal biocontrol agent, trichoderma harzianum, was evaluated for its potential to control the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica. in greenhouse experiments, root galling was reduced and top fresh weight increased in nematode-infected tomatoes following soil pretreatment with trichoderma peat-bran preparations. the use of a proteinase prb1-transformed line (p-2) that contains multiple copies of this gene improved biocontrol activity in the greenhouse experiments compared with t ... | 2001 | 18942999 |
| molecular cloning of a cdna encoding an amphid-secreted putative avirulence protein from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting of three pairs of meloidogyne incognita near-isogenic lines (nils) was used to identify markers differential between nematode genotypes avirulent or virulent against the tomato mi resistance gene. one of these sequences, present only in the avirulent lines, was used as a probe to screen a cdna library from second-stage juveniles (j2s) and allowed cloning of a cdna encoding a secretory protein. the putative full-length cdna, named map-1, encod ... | 2001 | 11194874 |
| genes induced during early response to meloidogyne incognita in roots of resistant and susceptible alfalfa cultivars. | a cdna library made to rna from roots of meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) susceptible alfalfa cv. lahontan seedlings 72 h after root-knot nematode inoculation was differentially screened with cdna made from uninoculated control and m. incognita infested (72 h) root rna. of the six cdnas isolated, the deduced amino acid sequences of four showed significant homology to sequences present in the databank, while two were pioneer sequences. the four cdnas with matches to known sequences incl ... | 2001 | 11448760 |
| [investigation on root-knot diseases of medicinal plants in yunnan]. | during 1994-1997, the damage levels about root-knot diseases on 52 medicinal plants were investigated and analyzed. 185 samples were collected from more than 20 counties or cities in yunnan province. the results showed that 76 specimens were infected by root-knot nematode, which are meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white 1919, chitwood 1949), m. javanice (trenb 1855, chitwood 1949), m. arenaria (neal 1889, chitwood 1949) and m. halpa (chitwood 1949). they infected 21 medicinal plants. the paper ... | 2001 | 11917839 |
| efficacy of 1,3-dichloropropene in soil amended with compost and unamended soil. | 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) is a likely alternative soil fumigant for methyl bromide. the objective was to determine root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita, survival in microplots after exposure to 1,3-d for various periods of time in soil that have previously been amended with compost. the treatments were 1,3-d applied broadcast at 112 liters/ha and untreated controls in both compost-amended and unamended soil. soil samples were collected from each microplot at 6, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours af ... | 2001 | 19265889 |
| pesticidal properties of parthenin (from parthenium hysterophorus) and related compounds. | eleven sesquiterpene lactone derivatives of parthenin (1), obtained from wild feverfew, parthenium hysterophorus, were prepared by chemical and photochemical transformations. the compounds tested were a pyrazoline adduct (2) of parthenin, its cyclopropyl (3) and propenyl (4) derivatives, anhydroparthenin (5), a dihydro-deoxygenated product (6), a formate (7) and its corresponding alcohol (8) and acetate (9), a rearranged product (10), lactone (11) and hemiacetal (12). all these derivatives, alon ... | 2001 | 11455638 |
| effect of sorghum-sudangrass and velvetbean cover crops on plant-parasitic nematodes associated with potato production in florida. | in a 3-year field study, population densities of belonolaimus longicaudatus and other plant-parasitic nematodes and crop yields were compared between potato (solanum tuberosum) cropping systems where either sorghum-sudangrass (sorghum bicolor x s. arundinaceum) or velvetbean (mucuna pruriens) was grown as a summer cover crop. population densities of b. longicaudatus, paratrichodorus minor, tylenchorhynchus sp., and mesocriconema sp. increased on sorghum-sudangrass. population densities of p. min ... | 2001 | 19265888 |
| a role of the gelatinous matrix in the resistance of root-knot nematode (meloidogyne spp.) eggs to microorganisms. | the survival of eggs of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica was studied in a series of experiments comparing the infectivity of egg masses (em) to that of separated eggs (se). the em or se were placed in the centers of pots containing citrus orchard soil and incubated for 24 hours, 10 days, or 20 days. following each incubation time, 10-day-old tomato plants were planted in each pot, and 3 to 4 weeks later the plants were harvested and the galling indices determined. in the em treatments ... | 2001 | 19265882 |
| the interaction between the gelatin-binding domain of fibronectin and the attachment of pasteuria penetrans endospores to nematode cuticle. | pasteuria penetrans is a gram-positive endospore-producing bacterium that is a parasite of root-knot nematodes. attachment of endospores to the cuticle of the nematode is the first stage in the infection process. western blot analysis with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies that recognize the 30 kda heparin-binding domain (hbd) and the 45 kda gelatin-binding domain (gbd) fragments of human fibronectin (fn) revealed a series of polypeptides of approximately 40, 45 and 55 kda present in crude cu ... | 2001 | 11578090 |
| influence of plant species on the biological control activity of the antagonistic rhizobacterium rhizobium etli strain g12 toward the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita. | the influence of plant species on the antagonistic activity of the rhizosphere bacterium rhizobium etli g12 towards the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita was studied. the crops tested were tomato, cucumber, cotton, soybean and pepper. the plants were evaluated for the following parameters: root gall-index, total number of galls and egg masses of m. incognita, as well as shoot and root fresh weight and root length. results indicated a clear influence of plant species on the ability of r. e ... | 2001 | 12425090 |
| isolation of a novel collagen gene (mj-col-5) in meloidogyne javanica and analysis of its expression pattern. | mj-col-5, isolated from the plant parasitic nematode meloidogyne javanica, has a longer carboxy-terminus than other members of the caenorhabditis elegans col-6 subfamily of cuticle collagen, including an extra tyrosine residue, and may form altered nonreducible cross-linkages. by semiquantitative determination at different life stages, mj-col-5 transcript was shown to be more abundant in eggs than in juveniles/young females and adult females. to characterize further this gene's contribution to t ... | 2001 | 11534644 |
| nematode-antagonistic trichothecenes from fusarium equiseti. | a strain of the fungus fusarium equiseti isolated from soybean cyst nematode secretes nematode-antagonistic compounds. bioassay-guided fractionation of an extract of the culture broth was undertaken to identify the compounds. fractions were assayed for activity against a root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita), a plant pathogen that attacks the roots of numerous plant species. two trichothecene compounds were isolated that inhibited egg hatch and immobilized second-stage juveniles of this nem ... | 2001 | 11471940 |
| effects of rhizobacteria and root symbionts on the reproduction of meloidogyne javanica and growth of chickpea. | the effects of rhizobacteria, i.e. pseudomonas fluorescens, azotobacter chyroococcum and azospirillum brasilense, alone and in combination with root symbionts, rhizobium sp. and glomus mosseae, on the growth of chickpea, cicer arietinum, and reproduction of meloidogyne jaranica were studied. when added alone g. mosseae was better at improving plant growth and reducing galling and nematode reproduction than any other tested organism. application of p. fluorescens caused an almost similar increase ... | 2001 | 11396906 |
| the tomato rme1 locus is required for mi-1-mediated resistance to root-knot nematodes and the potato aphid. | the tomato mi-1 gene confers resistance against root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) and a biotype of the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae). four mutagenized mi-1/mi-1 tomato populations were generated and screened for altered root-knot nematode resistance. four independent mutants belonging to two phenotypic classes were isolated. one mutant was chosen for further analyzes; rme1 (for resistance to meloidogyne) exhibited levels of infection comparable with those found on susceptible contro ... | 2001 | 11576426 |
| cuticle heterogeneity as exhibited by pasteuria spore attachment is not linked to the phylogeny of parthenogenetic root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.). | the cuticle is a major barrier prohibiting the infection of nematodes against micro-organisms. the attachment of bacterial spores of the nematode hyperparasite pasteuria penetrans (pp1) to field populations of root-knot nematodes (rkn, meloidogyne spp.) from burkino faso, ecuador, greece, malawi, senegal and trinidad and tobago were assayed in standard attachment tests. the attachment of spore population pp1 to different field populations of root-knot nematode showed that the rates of attachment ... | 2001 | 11197759 |
| endophytic colonization of plants by the biocontrol agent rhizobium etli g12 in relation to meloidogyne incognita infection. | abstract the external and internal colonization of potato and arabidopsis roots by the biocontrol strain rhizobium etli g12 containing a plasmidborne trp promoter green fluorescent protein transcriptional fusion, pgt-trp, was studied in the presence and absence of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. plant colonization behavior and biocontrol potential of the marked strain g12(pgt-trp) was not altered compared with the parental strain. plasmid pgt-trp was stable for more than 80 generat ... | 2001 | 18943855 |
| plant-parasitic nematodes in the waimanalo, hawaii irrigation system from watershed to farm. | nematode occurrence at specific locations throughout a water catchment-irrigation system was determined. soil samples were collected from five water source locations on the slopes of olomana mountain and maunawili valley and from about 40 plant species on 18 farms (56 ha of 480 ha irrigated by the reservoir). water was sampled from the catchment reservoir at 0.3 m, 9 m, and 18 m (bottom). a farm irrigated with potable water was sampled and compared to areas of the same farm irrigated from the re ... | 2001 | 19265890 |
| management of root-knot and reniform nematodes in ultra-narrow row cotton with 1,3-dichloropropene. | ultra-narrow row cotton studies were conducted during 1999 at two field sites in northern florida. one site was naturally infested with meloidogyne incognita race 3 and the other with rotylenchulus reniformis. the fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) was applied broadcast at rates of 0, 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, and 96 kg ai./ha in replicated plots before planting delta pine 655 brr cotton in 25-cm-wide rows. post-harvest soil population densities at the root-knot nematode site had a significant (p </ ... | 2001 | 19265894 |
| crop rotation and nematicides for management of mixed populations of meloidogyne spp. on tobacco. | the effects of crop rotation and the nematicides 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d), ethoprop, and fenamiphos on the relative frequency of meloidogyne incognita race 3, m. arenaria race 2, and m. javanica and tobacco yields on a sandy loam soil were determined. cropping sequences altered the species composition and population densities of meloidogyne spp. meloidogyne arenaria and m. incognita predominated when cotton, corn, sorghum, or rye-fallow preceded tobacco. meloidogyne javanica and m. arenaria p ... | 2001 | 19265896 |
| analysis of 1,3-dichloropropene for control of meloidogyne spp. in a tobacco pest management system. | 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-d) and nonfumigant nematicides were evaluated for control of meloidogyne spp. and soil and foliar insects in a tobacco pest management system. in a field with a high meloidogyne spp. population density (root gall index 4.0 to 4.5 on a 0 to 10 scale in untreated controls), tobacco yields and crop values increased (482 kg/ha and $1,784/ha for 1, 3-d; 326 kg/ha and $1,206/ha for fenamiphos; 252 kg/ha and $933/ha for ethoprop) with nematicide application over an untreated co ... | 2001 | 19265897 |
| meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria reproduction on dwarf hollies and lantana. | meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria reproduction and host plant tolerance were assessed in field and greenhouse experiments on seven holly cultivars including ilex glabra 'shamrock', i. vomitoria 'schelling's dwarf', i. cornuta 'carissa', red holly hybrid (ilex little red), and i. crenata 'compacta', 'green luster', and 'helleri' as well as japanese boxwood (buxus microphylla) and two lantana cultivars (lantana camara 'miss huff' and 'new gold'). boxwood had the highest m. arenaria and m. inco ... | 2001 | 19265898 |
| effects of switchgrass (panicum virgatum) rotations with peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) on nematode populations and soil microflora. | a 3-year field rotation study was conducted to assess the potential of switchgrass (panicum virgatum) to suppress root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne arenaria), southern blight (sclerotium rolfsii), and aflatoxigenic fungi (aspergillus sp.) in peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) and to assess shifts in microbial populations following crop rotation. switchgrass did not support populations of root-knot nematodes but supported high populations of nonparasitic nematodes. peanut with no nematicide applied and ... | 2002 | 19265915 |
| plant sources of chinese herbal remedies: laboratory efficacy, suppression of meloidogyne javanica in soil, and phytotoxicity assays. | extracts of chinese herbal medicines from plants representing 13 families were tested for their ability to suppress plant-parasitic nematodes. effective concentration (ec(50) and ec(90)) levels for 18 of the extracts were determined in laboratory assays with meloidogyne javanica juveniles and all stages of pratylenchus vulnus. efficacy of 17 extracts was tested against m. javanica in soil. generally, ec(50) and ec(90) values determined in the laboratory were useful indicators for application rat ... | 2002 | 19265919 |
| eggs of tylenchulus semipenetrans inhibit growth of phytophthora nicotianae and fusarium solani in vitro. | in previous greenhouse and laboratory studies, citrus seedlings infested with the citrus nematode tylenchulus semipenetrans and later inoculated with the fungus phylophthora nicotianae grew larger and contained less fungal protein in root tissues than plants infected by only the fungus, demonstrating antagonism of the nematode to the fungus. in this study, we determined whether eggs of the citrus nematode t. semipenetrans and root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria affected mycelial growth of p. ... | 2002 | 19265943 |
| phylogenetic analyses of meloidogyne small subunit rdna. | phylogenies were inferred from nearly complete small subunit (ssu) 18s rdna sequences of 12 species of meloidogyne and 4 outgroup taxa (globodera pallida, nacobbus abberans, subanguina radicicola, and zygotylenchus guevarai). alignments were generated manually from a secondary structure model, and computationally using clustalx and treealign. trees were constructed using distance, parsimony, and likelihood algorithms in paup* 4.0b4a. obtained tree topologies were stable across algorithms and ali ... | 2002 | 19265950 |
| development of multi-component transplant mixes for suppression of meloidogyne incognita on tomato (lycopersicon esculentum). | the effects of combinations of organic amendments, phytochemicals, and plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria on tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) germination, transplant growth, and infectivity of meloidogyne incognita were evaluated. two phytochemicals (citral and benzaldehyde), three organic amendments (pine bark, chitin, and hemicellulose), and three bacteria (serratia marcescens, brevibacterium iodinum, and pseudomonas fluorescens) were assessed. increasing rates of benzaldehyde and citral red ... | 2002 | 19265957 |
| seasonal populations of pratylenchus penetrans and meloidogyne hapla in strawberry roots. | strawberry roots were sampled through the year to determine the populations and distribution of pratylenchus penetrans and meloidogyne hapla. three strawberry root types were sampled-structural roots; feeder roots without secondary tissues; and suberized, black perennial roots. both lesion and root-knot nematodes primarily infected feeder roots from structural roots or healthy perennial roots. few nematodes were recovered from soil, diseased roots, or suberized roots. lesion nematode recovery wa ... | 2002 | 19265965 |
| quantification in soil and the rhizosphere of the nematophagous fungus verticillium chlamydosporium by competitive pcr and comparison with selective plating. | a competitive pcr (cpcr) assay was developed to quantify the nematophagous fungus verticillium chlamydosporium in soil. a gamma-irradiated soil was seeded with different numbers of chlamydospores from v. chlamydosporium isolate 10, and samples were obtained at time intervals of up to 8 weeks. samples were analyzed by cpcr and by plating onto a semiselective medium. the results suggested that saprophytic v. chlamydosporium growth did occur in soil and that the two methods detected different phase ... | 2002 | 11916704 |
| a novel root-specific gene, mic-3, with increased expression in nematode-resistant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) after root-knot nematode infection. | a full-length cdna, mic-3, has been identified from a lambda zapii cdna library constructed from the mrna of nematode-resistant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) roots after infection with root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita). the putative open reading frame of mic-3 encoded a protein of 141 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 15.3 kda. seven alternative polyadenylation sites have been identified for the mic-3 transcripts, and the major transcripts are the longest ones. the mic-3 ... | 2002 | 12031505 |
| a polygalacturonase of animal origin isolated from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | the first animal polygalacturonase (pg, ec 2.1.15) encoding cdna, mi-pg-1, was cloned from the plant parasitic nematode meloidogyne incognita. the enzymatic activity of mi-pg-1 was confirmed after heterologous expression in escherichia coli. the presence of a predicted signal peptide on the mi-pg-1 sequence together with the specific localization of the transcripts of the mi-pg-1 gene in the oesophageal glands of infective juveniles imply that mi-pg-1 could be secreted into plant tissues. the po ... | 2002 | 12095628 |
| characterization of a cdna related to k-cl cotransporters in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | we report the cloning of a full-length cdna from the plant-parasitic nematode meloidogyne incognita, which encodes a putative protein of 1082 amino acids showing high similarity with k-cl cotransporters (kccs) from the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans (54% identity) and from a number of mammals, including human. hydropathy analysis indicates typical kcc topology patterns, with a hydrophylic nh2-terminal region, 12 membrane-spanning domains, and a long cooh-terminal hydrophylic region. ... | 2002 | 12180345 |
| fungal egg-parasites of plant-parasitic nematodes from spanish soils. | we have investigated the presence of fungal egg-parasites in spanish soils with plant endoparasitic nematodes. nine out of 68 samples (13%) yielded fungal parasites. the most common (seven strains) was pochonia chlamydosporia var. chlamydosporia (= verticillium chlamydosporium var. chlamydosporium), but lecanicillium lecanii (= verticillium lecanii) and paecilomyces lilacinus were also found. most strains were from cyst nematodes (heterodera avenae or heterodera schachtii). biological factors re ... | 2002 | 12828513 |
| protein variability in meloidogyne spp. (nematoda:meloidogynidae) revealed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. | total protein variation as revealed by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2d-e) was studied in 18 isolates from populations of meloidogyne arenaria (six isolates), meloidogyne incognita (10 isolates), and meloidogyne javanica (one isolate) plus an unclassified isolate. gels (80 x 60 x 0.75 mm) were silverstained and digitized in order to compare their protein patterns. optical density and position of protein patterns were measured using statistical cluster analysis and computer-assisted image anal ... | 2002 | 12645913 |
| the endosymbiosis-induced genes enod40 and ccs52a are involved in endoparasitic-nematode interactions in medicago truncatula. | plants associate with a wide range of mutualistic and parasitic biotrophic organisms. here, we investigated whether beneficial plant symbionts and biotrophic pathogens induce distinct or overlapping regulatory pathways in medicago truncatula. the symbiosis between sinorhizobium meliloti and this plant results in the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules requiring the activation of specific genes in the host plant. we studied expression patterns of nodule-expressed genes after infection with ... | 2002 | 12437298 |
| genetics of resistance to meloidogyne incognita in crosses of grape rootstocks. | progeny testing was used to investigate the value of selected grape varieties as parents in breeding nematode-resistant rootstocks. six pistillate-flowered rootstocks (ramsey, dog ridge, harmony, freedom, 1613c, and 161-49c) and four staminate-flowered rootstocks (riparia gloire, 3309c, 1616c, and st. george) were used. each male was crossed to each female. six weeks after inoculation with 1,500 second-stage juveniles of meloidogyne incognita race 3, roots were stained in an aqueous solution of ... | 2002 | 12582495 |
| zinc and glycerol enhance the production of nematicidal compounds in vitro and improve the biocontrol of meloidogyne javanica in tomato by fluorescent pseudomonads. | to assess the effects of various carbon and mineral sources on the nematicidal potential of biocontrol inoculants of pseudomonas aeruginosa ie-6s+ and ps. fluorescens cha0 under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. | 2002 | 12180943 |
| the potato virus y m(s)n(r) nib-replicase is the elicitor of a veinal necrosis-hypersensitive response in root knot nematode resistant tobacco. | summary a root knot nematode resistance gene in nicotiana tabacum, rk, providing resistance to the nematode parasite meloidogyne incognita is tightly linked to, or is a pleiotropic gene with a veinal necrosis systemic hypersensitive response to infection by potato virus y (pvy) m(s)n(r). the single pvy m(s)n(r) open reading frame was sequenced and found to have 89% protein identity to pvy n. individual pvy m(s)n(r) polypeptides were deduced and the corresponding cdna were cloned into a potato vi ... | 2002 | 20569320 |
| a species-specific satellite dna family in the genome of the coffee root-knot nematode meloidogyne exigua: application to molecular diagnostics of the parasite. | summary a new bglii satellite dna has been isolated, cloned and sequenced from the coffee root-knot nematode, meloidogyne exigua (nematoda: tylenchida). it is represented as tandemly repeated sequences with a monomeric unit of 277 bp. the monomers are present at approximately 17 900 copies per haploid genome, and represent about 9.7% of the total genomic dna. twenty randomly chosen monomers have been sequenced. the deduced unambiguous consensus sequence is 277 bp long, and displays an a + t cont ... | 2002 | 20569350 |
| activation of a pollenin promoter upon nematode infection. | three glycine-rich protein genes of arabidopsis thaliana (atgrp-6, atgrp-7, and atgrp-8) that correspond to putative genes coding for pollenins (atolnb;2, atolnb;3, and atolnb;4, respectively) are expressed predominantly in the anthers and, more specifically, in the tapetum layer. tapetal cells are responsible for nutrition of developing pollen grains and show some functional similarities to nematode feeding sites (nfs) induced in plant roots by sedentary parasitic nematodes. the aim of this stu ... | 2002 | 19265912 |
| relationship between crop losses and initial population densities of meloidogyne arenaria in winter-grown oriental melon in korea. | to determine the economic threshold level, oriental melon (cucumis melo l. cv. geumssaragi-euncheon) grafted on shintozoa (cucurbita maxima x cu. moschata) was planted in plots (2 x 3 m) under a plastic film in february with a range of initial population densities (pi) of meloidogyne arenaria. the relationships of early, late, and total yield to pi measured in september and january were adequately described by both linear regression and the seinhorst damage model. initial nematode densities in s ... | 2002 | 19265907 |
| arabidopsis thaliana mutants with an altered susceptibility to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | sedentary endoparasitic nematodes of plants are obligate parasites of roots in which they complete their sophisticated life cycle. to study the plant/root-knot nematode interaction, a screening was performed for mutants of arabidopsis thaliana that were less susceptible to nematode infection. ethyl methanesulfonate-mutagenized a. thaliana m2 seeds (13,000) were germinated and the seedlings were screened in vitro for nematode susceptibility. another 5,000 plants were screened in a sand mixture un ... | 2002 | 12491969 |
| effects of site-specific application of aldicarb on cotton in a meloidogyne incognita-infested field. | cotton farmers in missouri commonly apply a single rate of aldicarb throughout the field at planting to protect their crop from meloidogyne incognita, even though these nematodes are spatially aggregated. our purpose was to determine the effect of site-specific application of aldicarb on cotton production in a field infested with these nematodes in 1997 and 1998. cotton yields were collected from sites not treated with aldicarb (control), sites receiving aldicarb at the standard recommended rate ... | 2002 | 19265917 |
| non-traditional legumes as potential soil amendments for nematode control. | dried ground plant tissues from 20 leguminous species were mixed with meloidogyne incognita-infested soil at 1, 2 or 2.5, and 5% (w/w) and incubated for 1 week at room temperature (21 to 27 degrees c). tomato ('rutgers') seedlings were transplanted into infested soil to determine nematode viability. most tissues reduced gall numbers below the non-amended controls. the tissue amendments that were most effective include: canavalia ensiformis, crotalaria retusa, indigofera hirsuta, i. nummularifoli ... | 2002 | 19265956 |