Publications

dna complexity of the root-knot nematode (meloidogyne spp.) genome.	cot curves derived from renaturation kinetics of sheared denatured dna indicated that the genome of six populations representing the four most common root-knot nematode species (meloidogyne incognita, m. arenaria, m. javanica, and m. hapla) is composed of 20% repetitive and 80% nonrepetitive sequences of dna. cot curves were almost identical, indicating that all populations had a haploid genome of approximately the same size. calculations from an average cot curve gave an estimate of 0.51 x 108 ...	1989	19287606
resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in arachis spp. germplasm.	field and greenhouse evaluations of 116 wild arachis spp. genotypes demonstrated the presence of resistance to reproduction of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria race 1. resistance in greenhouse tests was based on test lines having </= 2.5% of the number of eggs per gram of roots as did the susceptible a. hypogaea cv. tamnut 74. in field tests, resistant genotypes were identified on the basis of having lower (p = 0.05) final nematode population densities than did tamnut 74. resistance w ...	1989	19287667
suitability of small grains as hosts of meloidogyne species.	seven cultivars of wheat, five of oat, one of rye, and four of barley were tested as hosts for meloidogyne incognita, m. javanica, or m. arenaria under greenhouse conditions where soil temperature ranged from 21 to 34 c. reproduction rates of all nematode species were high on all cultivars, except m. javanica and m. arenaria on 'brooks' and 'florida 501' oat. meloidogyne incognita and m. javanica produced more eggs on roots of 'rutgers' tomato than on cultivars of wheat, oat, rye, or barley.	1989	19287666
effects of root-knot nematodes on areca catechu.	no root galling or egg mass formation was noted on betel palm (areca catechu) 3 or 9 months after inoculation with meloidogyne arenaria, m. hapla, m. incognita races 1 and 3, or m. javanica. compared with uninoculated controls, a reduction (p </= 0.05) in fresh root weight was noted after 3 months with m. incognita race 1 but not with other species or races, no differences (p </= 0.05) in root weight between controls and inoculated plants were observed at 9 months, nor were any differences found ...	1989	19287679
crops uncommon to alabama for the management of meloidogyne arenaria in peanut.	in a 1987 field study juveniles of meloidogyne arenaria assayed at the time of peanut harvest were almost undetectable in plots planted with american jointvetch (aeschynomene americana), castor bean (ricinus communis), partridge pea (cassia fasiculata), sesame (sesamum indicum), and cotton (gossypium hirsutum), whereas plots with peanut (arachis hypogaea) averaged 120 juveniles/100 cm(3) soil. application of aldicarb in peanut resulted in an average of 27 juveniles/100 cm(3) soil. in 1988 all pl ...	1989	19287678
host suitability of soybean cultivars for meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria.	the suitability of five maturity group (mg) iii and five mg iv soybean, glycine max, cultivars as hosts for meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria was evaluated in a greenhouse. 'forrest', a mg v cultivar, was used as the standard of comparison for m. incognita resistance. with m. incognita, root-gall and egg-mass indices and reproductive factors for 'asgrow 3307', 'ffr 398', and 'pioneer 9442' were comparable with those found on forrest. meloidogyne arenaria reproduction was lower (p </= 0.05) o ...	1989	19287669
yield relationships and population dynamics of meloidogyne spp. on flue-cured tobacco.	the complex nature of nematode-induced diseases of tobacco, the relationships between nematode levels and damage, the methods of determining these relationships, and the evolving nematode communities on tobacco in eastern north carolina are described. crop damage associated with these pathogens varies with nematode race and species, crop cultivar, microflora, and environmental conditions. root-gall indices as well as initial and mid-season numbers of meloidogyne spp, in soil are useful for estim ...	1989	19287654
managing root-knot on tobacco in the southeastern united states.	root-knot nematodes suppress yields of flue-cured tobacco an estimated 0.1 to 4.8% annually in the southeastern united states, even though nematode management practices have been widely adopted. although meloidogyne incognita races 1 and 3 have predominated, m. arenaria, m. javanica, and m. incognita races 2 and 4 are increasingly important. seventy-five percent of the flue-cured tobacco hectarage in north carolina and virginia is rotated on 2-year or 3-year intervals. over half of the hectarage ...	1989	19287655
long-term effect of crop rotation on soybean in a field infested with meloidogyne arenaria and heterodera glycines.	previous cropping sequence (corn-soybean vs. soybean-soybean) and aldicarb effects on soybean yield and nematode numbers at harvest for soybean cultivars with various combinations of nematode resistance were determined in 1988 in a sandy loam soil infested with meloidogyne arenaria race 2 and heterodera glycines races 3 and 4 at elberta, alabama. yield and nematode numbers differed among cultivars with 'leflore' having the highest yield. aldicarb treatment resulted in increased soybean yield but ...	1989	19287680
further details and sem observations on meloidogyne marylandi (nematoda: meloidogynidae).	specimens of meloidogyne marylandi from bermuda grass and a population from zoysia grass were examined and compared morphologically by light and electron microscopy. the populations probably are conspecific and the differences noted in the zoysia population, mainly those of second-stage juveniles (j2) with shorter tails, are considered normal variations rather than representing another form. scanning electron microscope observations provided additional details of the perineal pattern and head of ...	1989	19287638
effects and dynamics of a nematode community on maize.	relationships between nematode density and yield and between final and preplant population levels were examined in small maize plots on sandy soils in north-central florida. plant-parasitic nematodes present in the community included belonolaimus longicaudatus, criconemella sphaerocephala, meloidogyne incognita, paratrichodorus minor, pratylenchus brachyurus, and a xiphinema sp. plant growth--including stand count, grain yield, stalk weight, and size of young plants--often was inversely correlat ...	1989	19287639
effects and dynamics of a nematode community on soybean.	the relationships between densities of all members of a plant-parasitic nematode community and yield of 'davis' soybean and between final and preplant population levels were examined in small plots on sandy soils in north-central florida. plant-parasitic nematodes present in the community included belonolaimus longicaudatus, criconemella sphaerocephala, meloidogyne incognita, paratrichodorus minor, pratylenchus brachyurus, and xiphinema sp. plant growth, including stand count, soybean yield (kg/ ...	1989	19287643
efficacy of oxamyl coated on alfalfa seed with a polymer sticker in pratylenchus and meloidogyne infested soils.	a polymer sticker was used as a coating in which oxamyl was applied to seeds of alfalfa cultivar saranac for the control of pratylenchus penetrans and meloidogyne hapla. the sticker, diluted 1:1 (sticker:water) to 1:5, delayed seedling emergence during the first 4 days after planting. by day 13, however, emergence from all sticker treatments was comparable to the control. shoot growth of seedlings at day 21 was less than that of the control only from seeds coated with a 1:1 dilution; root growth ...	1989	19287603
monoclonal antibodies to secretory granules in esophageal glands of meloidogyne species.	monoclonal antibodies to secretory granules in the dorsal or subventral esophageal glands were generated by injecting balb/c mice with immunogens from preparasitic second-stage juveniles (j2) of meloidogyne incognita. antibodies specific for secretory granules in the j2 subventral esophageal glands or the dorsal gland were identified by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. only antibodies that reacted with granules in the j2 dorsal gland reacted with the esophageal gland lobe ofm. incognita a ...	1989	19287625
impact of paecilomyces lilacinus inoculum level and application time on control of meloidogyne incognita on tomato.	microplot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of inoculum level and time of application of paecilomyces lilacinus on the protection of tomato against meioidogyne incognita. the best protection against m. incognita was attained with 10 and 20 g of fungus-infested wheat kernels per microplot which resulted in a threefold and fourfold increase in tomato yield, respectively, compared with tomato plants treated with this nematode alone. greatest protection against this pathogen was att ...	1989	19287585
survival of paecilomyces lilacinus in selected carriers and related effects on meloidogyne incognita on tomato.	laboratory and microplot experiments were conducted to determine the influence of carrier and storage of paecilomyces lilacinus on its survival and related protection of tomato against meloidogyne incognita. spores of p. lilacinus were prepared in five formulations: alginate pellets (pellets), diatomaceous earth granules (granules), wheat grain, soil, and soil plus chitin. fungal viability was high in wheat and granules, intermediate in pellets, and low in soil and chitin-amended soil stored at ...	1989	19287586
vertical distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes in sandy soil under soybean.	vertical distribution of five plant-parasitic nematodes was examined in two north florida soybean fields in 1987 and 1988. soil samples were collected from 0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, and 30-45 cm deep at each site. soil at the three depths consisted of approximately 96% sand. more than 50% of belonolaimus longicaudatus population densities occurred in the upper 15-cm soil layer at planting, but the species became more evenly distributed through the other depths as the season progressed. criconemella sph ...	1990	19287693
host range and ecology of isolates of pasteuria spp. from the southeastern united states.	isolates of pasteuria penetrans were evaluated for ecological characteristics that are important in determining their potential as biological control agents. isolate p-20 survived without loss of its ability to attach to its host nematode in dry, moist, and wet soil and in soil wetted and dried repeatedly for 6 weeks. some spores moved 6.4 cm (the maximum distance tested) downward in soil within 3 days with percolating water. the isolates varied greatly in their attachment to different nematode ...	1990	19287753
association of verticillium chlamydosporium and paecilomyces lilacinus with root-knot nematode infested soil.	population densities of meloidogyne incognita and the nematophagous fungi, paecilomyces lilacinus and verticillium chlamydosporium, were determined in 20 northern california tomato fields over two growing seasons. paecilomyces lilacinus was isolated from three fields, v. chlamydosporium was isolated from one field, and both fungi were isolated from 12 fields. verticillium chlamydosporium numbers were positively correlated with numbers of m. incognita and p. lilacinus. paecilomyces lilacinus numb ...	1990	19287711
meloidogyne morocciensis n. sp. (meloidogyninae), a root-knot nematode from morocco.	meloidogyne morocciensis n. sp. is described from specimens parasitic on peach rootstock from morocco. this species exhibits a combination of morphological characters similar to m. arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica. the perineal pattern of females is oval to squarish with a moderately high to high dorsal arch, and widely spaced, smooth striae; lateral lines are absent. the stylet, 16.5 mum long, has transversely ovoid, set-off knobs. males have a set-off, annulated head region. the large, ...	1990	19287722
resistance of maize to meloidogyne arenaria and meloidogyne javanica.	a diallel cross of eight maize, zea mays l., inbred lines was analyzed for reaction to two species of root-knot nematodes, meloidogyne arenaria (neal) chitwood and m. javanica (treub) chitwood. egg production following inoculation of f1 hybrid seedlings with nematode eggs was determined in a greenhouse experiment. data were analyzed using griffing's method 4, model i. general combining ability was a significant source of variation in egg production of both m. arenaria and m. javanica; specific c ...	1990	24221114
evaluation of soybean cultivars for production in meloidogyne arenaria race 2-infested soil.	field trials with 56 soybean cultivars and breeding lines from public and private sources were conducted from 1986 through 1988 at a site infested with meloidogyne arenaria race 2. differences (p < 0.05) among yields were found each year and yields were negatively correlated (p < 0.01) with root-knot nematode galling. all entries were galled and the highest-yielding entries, 'kirby' and 'coker 6738', were determined to have average yield reductions of 56% and 62%, respectively, when compared wit ...	1990	19287790
resistance in lycopersicon peruvianum to isolates of mi gene-compatible meloidogyne populations.	root-knot nematode resistance of f progeny of an intraspecific hybrid (lycopersicon peruvianum var. glandulosum acc. no. 126443 x l. peruvianum acc. no. 270435), l. esculentum cv. piersol (possessing resistance gene mi), and l. esculentum cv. st. pierre (susceptible) was compared. resistance to 1) isolates of two meloidogyne incognita populations artificially selected for parasitism on tomato plants possessing the mi gene, 2) the wild type parent populations, 3) four naturally occurring resistan ...	1990	19287762
repeated sampling to determine the precision of estimating nematode population densities.	the first phase of this study involved repeated samplings of five fields using composite samples of 10, 20, 40, and 80 soil cores, to determine the precision of nematode assays. the second phase focused on randomly selecting two and four 2-ha subunits (data on meloidogyne spp.) of 24 fields ranging from 6 to 40 ha and computing the precision of estimated means for these numbers ofsubunits versus the general field mean (based on all 2-ha subunits). average numbers of nematodes from most samples c ...	1990	19287757
spring or fall fumigation for control of meloidogyne spp. on tobacco.	tests were conducted in 1987-88 to compare the efficacy of spring or fall fumigant nematicide applications for control ofmeloidogyne arenaria and m. incognita on tobacco. chloropicrin, 1,3-d, methyl isothiocyanate, and a methyl isothiocyanate-l,3-d mixture were applied as row treatments. fenamiphos, fenamiphos + fensulfothion, or ethoprop were applied in the spring as nonfumigant nematicide standards. fumigant nematicides increased yields and reduced galling (p = 0.01) in all four tests. spring ...	1990	19287773
plant-parasitic nematodes and fungi associated with root rot of peas on prince edward island.	eight commercial pea fields on prince edward island were sampled in june and july over a 2-year period (1986-87) to determine soil population densities and the incidence of nematodes and fungi associated with root rot of peas. root lesion nematodes (pratylenchus spp.) were the dominant endoparasitic nematodes recovered from roots and soil. low populations of the northern root-knot nematode (meloidogyne hapla) were also present. tylenchorhynchus spp. and paratylenchus spp. were recovered frequent ...	1990	19287779
growth of carrot and tomato from oxamyl-coated seed and control of meloidogyne hapla.	oxamyl was coated on carrot (daucus carota l. cv. spartan fancy-80) and tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill. cv. glamour) seeds with a polymer sticker for the control of meloidogyne hapla. the sticker diluted in water 1:1 delayed carrot seedling emergence. oxamyl at 40 mg/ml in a 1:5 dilution of sticker lowered the rate of carrot seedling emergence until day 13 and plant growth until day 28. oxamyl at 20 or 40 mg/ml in a 1:5 dilution of sticker on carrot seeds planted in m. hapla-infested muck ...	1990	19287706
strong repellency of the root knot nematode,meloidogyne incognita by specific inorganic ions.	simple inorganic salts of the ions k(+), nh 4 (+) , cs(+), no 3 (-) , and cl(-) are strongly repellent to infective second-stage larvae of the root knot nematode,meloidogyne incognita. some of these salts are known to be beneficial to plant growth. the results suggest a new means of plant protection.	1990	24263720
response of resistant soybean plant introductions to meloidogyne incognita in field microplots.	the response of two soybean plant introductions, pi 96354 and pi 417444, highly resistant to meloidogyne incognita, to increasing initial soil population densities (pi) (0, 31, 125, and 500 eggs/100 cm(3) soil) of m. incognita was studied in field microplots for 2 years. the plant introductions were compared to the cultivars forrest, moderately resistant, and bossier, susceptible to m. incognita. averaged across years, the yield suppressions of bossier, forrest, pi 417444, and pi 96354 were 97, ...	1990	19287716
effects of cowpea and maize root leachates on meloidogyne incognita egg hatch.		1990	19287701
identification of single meloidogyne juveniles by polymerase chain reaction amplification of mitochondrial dna.	polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify a specific 1.8-kb sequence of mitochondrial dna from single juveniles and eggs from 17 populations of meloidogyne incognita, m. hapla, m. javanica, and m. arenaria. approximately 2 mug amplified product were produced per reaction. restriction digestion of the amplified product with hinfi permitted discrimination of clonal lineages of the four species. meloidogyne javanica, however, could not be separated from m. hapla by the enzymes used in the ...	1990	19287752
effects of planting date, small grain crop destruction, fallow, and soil temperature on the management of meloidogyne incognita.	the effects of planting date, rye (secale cereale cv. wren abruzzi) and wheat (triticura aestivum cv. coker 797), crop destruction, fallow, and soil temperature on managing meloidogyne incognita race 1 were determined in a 2-year study. more m. incognita juveniles (j2) and egg-producing adults were found in roots of rye planted 1 october than in roots of rye planted 1 november and wheat planted 1 november and 1 december. numbers of m. incognita adults with and without egg masses were near or bel ...	1990	19287731
effect of temperature on expression of resistance to meloidogyne spp. in common bean (phaseolus vulgaris).	the effect of soil temperature on the expression of resistance in several common bean lines carrying resistance to root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) was studied under controlled temperatures in temperature tank and growth chamber conditions. resistance to m. javanica and m. incognita race 1 in bean lines a315, a328, a445, g1805, and g2618 was stable at 24-30 c. however, there was a significant increase in reproduction of m. javanica on a315, a328, and a445 when temperature was increased fro ...	1990	19287744
optimization of mitochondrial dna-based hybridization assays to diagnostics in soil.	nucleic acid hybridization among root-knot nematode mitochondrial dnas can be used to identify several meloidogyne species. research was initiated to optimize mitochondrial dna-based molecular diagnostics for the demanding environments likely to be encountered in field isolates. dna hybridization using reconstituted dna-soil mixtures revealed a loss of assay sensitivity ranging from 34% to 92% with four agronomic soils tested. this problem was alleviated by the addition of exogenously added dna. ...	1990	19287721
morphological comparison of three host races of meloidogyne javanica.	a morphological and morphometric comparison using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy was made of six populations of meloidogyne javanica belonging to three host races (infective on pepper, peanut, or noninfective on both). the variability of certain morphological characters was studied within these populations, and the reliability of these taxonomic traits was evaluated for usefulness in species identification. the most useful diagnostic characters of m. javanica were head and sty ...	1990	19287689
molecular diagnosis of meloidogyne species.	genetic variation within nuclear and mitochondrial dna of meloidogyne species and host races has been evaluated for the development of root-knot nematode molecular diagnostics. this review summarizes the distinctive features of several useful dna-based assays for plant-parasitic nematodes, focusing upon the direct application of these procedures for meloidogyne detection, identification, and systematics.	1990	19287685
an assessment of progress toward microbial control of plant-parasitic nematodes.		1990	19287771
rflp markers linked to the root knot nematode resistance gene mi in tomato.	the mi gene originating from the wild tomato species lycopersicon peruvianum confers resistance to all major root knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.). this single dominant gene is located on chromosome 6 and is very closely linked to the acid phosphatase-1 (aps-1) locus. resistance to nematodes has been introgressed into various cultivars of the cultivated tomato (l. esculentum), in many cultivars along with the linked l. peruvianum aps-1 (1) allele. by using a pair of nearly isogenic lines differ ...	1991	24221383
repeated sequence sets in mitochondrial dna molecules of root knot nematodes (meloidogyne): nucleotide sequences, genome location and potential for host-race identification.	within a 7 kb segment of the mtdna molecule of the root knot nematode, meloidogyne javanica, that lacks standard mitochondrial genes, are three sets of strictly tandemly arranged, direct repeat sequences: approximately 36 copies of a 102 ntp sequence that contains a taqi site; 11 copies of a 63 ntp sequence, and 5 copies of an 8 ntp sequence. the 7 kb repeat-containing segment is bounded by putative trnaasp and trnaf-met genes and the arrangement of sequences within this segment is: the trnaasp ...	1991	2027769
meloidogyne lusitanica n. sp. (nematoda: meloidogynidae), a root-knot nematode parasitizing olive tree (olea europaea l.).	a root-knot nematode from portugal, meloidogyne lusitanica n. sp., is described and illustrated from specimens obtained from olive trees (olea europaea l.). females of the new species have a characteristic perineal pattern with medium to high trapezoidal dorsal arch with distinct punctuations in the tail terminus area. the excretory pore is located posterior to the stylet, about 1.5-2.5 stylet lengths from the anterior end. the stylet is 17.1 mum long with pear-shaped knobs. males have a rounded ...	1991	19283115
acid phosphatase-1(1), a tightly linked molecular marker for root-knot nematode resistance in tomato: from protein to gene, using pcr and degenerate primers containing deoxyinosine.	with a view to cloning the root-knot nematode resistance gene mi in tomato by chromosome walking, we have developed a molecular probe for the tightly linked acid phosphatase-1 (aps-1) locus. the acid phosphatase-1 allozyme (aps-1(1], encoded by the aps-1(1) allele originating from lycopersicon peruvianum, was purified to apparent homogeneity from tomato roots and suspension cells. microsequencing of cnbr and tryptic peptides generated from aps-1(1) provided a partial amino acid sequence, which a ...	1991	1651125
isolation and characterization of a tomato acid phosphatase complementary dna associated with nematode resistance.	the tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) acid phosphatase-1 (apase-1(1), ec 3.1.3.2) isozyme variant, genetically linked to the root-knot nematode resistance locus (mi) on chromosome 6, has been purified by a rapid procedure from tomato cell suspension cultures. peptide fragments of the purified enzyme were generated from trypsin and lys-c endoprotease digests and separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. amino acid sequences derived from the purified peptide fragments repre ...	1991	16668572
high resolution rflp map around the root knot nematode resistance gene (mi) in tomato.	in the 1940's the root-knot nematode resistance gene (mi) was introgressed into the cultivated tomato from the wild species, l. peruvianum, and today it provides the only form of genetic resistance against this pathogen. we report here the construction of a high resolution rflp map around the mi gene that may aid in the future cloning of this gene via chromosome walking. the map covers the most distal nine map units of chromosome 6 and contains the mi gene, nine rflp markers, and one isozyme mar ...	1991	24213330
interaction of meloidogyne javanica with different races of meloidogyne incognita.	the interspecific interactions of meloidogyne javanica with races 1, 2, 3, and 4 of m. incognita on tomato were determined. impacts of the interactions on fecundity and morphometrics of females were also examined. mutually inhibitory interactions occurred between m. javanica and the races of m. incognita, but the negative interactions did not reflect in plant growth. numbers of root galls, egg masses, mature females, total population, fecundity, and reproduction factor declined in concomitant tr ...	1991	19283130
modification of resistance expression of phaseolus vulgaris to meloidogyne incognita by elevated soil temperatures.	the effect of temperature on the reaction of susceptible (canario divex) and resistant (a 211) bean pure lines to meloidogyne incognita was studied with soil temperature tanks housed in a growth chamber at 22 or 24 c. soil temperature remained constant at 16, 22, 24, 26, 30, or 32 c in several trials. bean line a 211 was resistant at 16 and 22 c but was susceptible at 24 c and above. resistance to root-knot nematode reproduction was affected by a lower temperature (24 c) than was resistance to r ...	1991	19283110
response of tomato cultigens to meloidogyne javanica and races of meloidogyne incognita.	thirty-six cultigens of tomato were evaluated for resistance against meloidogyne javanica and four races of m. incognita with standards and parameters adopted by the international meloidogyne project. most cultigens were susceptible to the nematodes, including some that were previously reported to be resistant to these nematodes. ten accessions, namely pusa-120, calmart vfn, panjab 6.nr-7, ec173898 (72t6), ec173897 (cal-mart), ec173896 (kewalo), cln363bcf-167-1-0, cln363bcf-190-1-0, cln363bcf-34 ...	1991	19283169
evidence against amplification of four genes in giant cells induced by meloidogyne incognita.	giant-cell dna was isolated from pea (pisum sativum) inoculated with meloidogyne incognita and used in slot blots to test for selective sequence amplification. four sequences representing low (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and actin), mid-level (histone 3), and highly repetitive (large ribosomal repeat) sequence dna were used as probes. known amounts of root-tip dna and giant-cell dna were blotted onto hybridization membranes and probed. the signal strength on autoradiographs containing ...	1991	19283148
invasion of tomato roots and reproduction of meloidogyne incognita as affected by raw sewage sludge.	the antagonistic effects of raw sewage sludge on infection of tomato by meloidogyne incognita were tested in greenhouse pot experiments. sludge was mixed with the soil or added on its surface before and after inoculation of tomato plants with nematode eggs. juvenile penetration was determined 1 and 10 days after inoculation, and 6 weeks later root systems were assessed for nematode reproduction. fewer juveniles penetrated roots in pots with sludge added to the soil than in unamended control pots ...	1991	19283192
interaction of meloidogyne incognita and water stress in two cotton cultivars.	a series of controlled-environment experiments were conducted to elucidate the effects of meloidogyne incognita on host physiology and plant-water relations of two cotton (gossypium hirsutum) cultivars that differed in their susceptibility to nematode infection. inoculation of m. incognita-resistant cultivar auburn 634 did not affect growth, stomatal resistance, or components of plant-water potential relative to uninoculated controls. however, nematode infection of the susceptible cultivar stone ...	1991	19283156
effects of incorporation method of ethoprop and addition of aldicarb on potato tuber infection by meloidogyne hapla.	the efficacy of controlling meloidogyne hapla on potato with water incorporation of ethoprop was compared to physical incorporation before planting. the standard practice of aldicarb application for insect control was also evaluated for m. hapla suppression with and without ethoprop. physical incorporation before planting by rototilling or discing reduced (p </= 0.05) tuber infection. postplant water incorporation of ethoprop was not as effective as physical incorporation of ethoprop or postplan ...	1991	19283186
further studies on the role of polyploidy in the evolution of meloidogyne.	two tetraploid isolates of meloidogyne hapla, 86p and e289p, with haploid chromosome numbers of 34 and 28, respectively, were studied cytogenetically and biologically in relation to the diploid populations, 86-va (n = 17) and e289-taiwan (n = 14), from which they had been originally isolated. both isolates were quite stable, converting to diploidy at the low rate of about 2.5%. the tetraploid isolate 86p maintained itself in competition with its diploid counterpart in mixed cultures, although an ...	1991	19283121
seasonal migration of meloidogyne chitwoodi and its role in potato production.	seasonal vertical migration of meloidogyne chitwoodi through soil and its impact on potato production in washington and oregon was studied. nematode eggs and second-stage juveniles (j2) were placed at various depths (0-180 cm) in tubes filled with soil and buried vertically or in holes dug in potato fields. tubes were removed at intervals over a 12-month period and soil was bioassayed on tomato roots. upward migration began in the spring after water had percolated through the tubes. nematodes we ...	1991	19283107
suppression of root-knot nematode populations with selected rapeseed cultivars as green manure.	meloidogyne chitwoodi races 1 and 2 and m. hapla reproduced on 12 cultivars of brassica napus and two cultivars of b. campestris. the mean reproductive factors (rf), rf = pf at 55 days / 5,000, for the three nematodes were 8.3, 2.2, and 14.3, respectively. all three nematodes reproduced more efficiently (p < 0.05) on b. campestris than on b. napus. amending m. chitwoodi-infested soil in plastic bags with chopped shoots of jupiter rapeseed reduced the nematode population more (p < 0.05) than amen ...	1991	19283108
population dynamics of meloidogyne chitwoodi on russet burbank potatoes in relation to degree-day accumulation.	population dynamics of meloidogyne chitwoodi were studied for 2 years in a commercial potato field and microplots. annual second-stage juvenile (j2) densities peaked at harvest in mid-fall, declined through the winter, and were lowest in early summer. in the field and in one microplot study, population increase displayed trimodal patterns during the 1984 and 1985 seasons. overwintering nematodes produced egg masses on roots by 600-800 degree-days base 5 c (dd) after planting. second-generation a ...	1991	19283128
efficacy of ethoprop on meloidogyne hapla and m. chitwoodi and enhanced biodegradation in soil.	responses of egg masses, free eggs, and second-stage juveniles (j2) ofmeloidogyne hapla and m. chitwoodi to ethoprop were evaluated. the results indicated that j2 were the most sensitive, followed by free eggs and egg masses. in general, m. chitwoodi was more susceptible to ethoprop than m. hapla. ethoprop at 7.2 mug a.i./g soil protected tomato roots from upward migrating m. chitwoodi for 5 weeks. the zone of protection was extended to 10 and 20 cm below the root zone when 3.6 and 7.2 cm water ...	1991	19283141
characterization of acetylcholinesterase molecular forms of the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne.	multiple molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase have been isolated and characterized from the root-knot nematodes meloidogyne arenaria and meloidogyne incognita. the forms of enzyme present in these 2 species are similar but not identical to those that occur in the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans. the 5 enzyme forms exhibit differential solubilities and can be classified into 3 classes, a, b, and c, based on substrate affinity, inhibitor and detergent sensitivity, and thermal inacti ...	1991	1775164
reaction of prunus rootstocks to meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria in spain.	prunus rootstocks were evaluated for their reaction to meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria. most rootstocks were peach-almond hybrids of spanish origin. in one experiment three selections of garfi x nemared (g x n) and hansen-5 were highly resistant to m. incognita, but four other rootstocks were susceptible showing high galling indices and population increases. in two experiments with m. arenaria, the hybrid selections g x n nos. 1 and 9 were immune, gf-305 and hansen-5 were resistant, but ni ...	1991	19283164
development of meloidogyne arenaria on peanut and soybean under two temperature cycles.	florunner peanut and three soybean cultivars, centennial, gasoy 17, and wright, were inoculated with 48-hour age cohorts of meloidogyne arenari race 1 second-stage juveniles and placed in a growth chamber set to simulate early season (low temperature) and midseason (high temperature) conditions. percentages of the initial inoculum penetrating roots 4 and 8 days after inoculation were 2-3 times higher in soybean cultivars than in peanut; 25% on susceptible soybean and 9% on peanut. penetration an ...	1991	19283157
characterization of species and races of the genus meloidogyne by dna restriction enzyme analysis.	total dna of three species of meloidogyne spp., including four subspecific races of m. incognita, were digested separately with ecor i, cla iii, and hind iii and probed with (3)(2)p-labelled total genomic dna from m. incognita race 1 in southern hybridizations. short exposures of southern blots after hind iii digestion revealed patterns that were useful for separating the species. race differences were seen after longer exposures. the dna fragment patterns obtained were scanned with a laser dens ...	1991	19283147
aggressiveness and reproduction of four meloidogyne arenaria populations on soybean.	aggressiveness and reproduction differed among four geographical populations of m. arenaria on six soybean cultivars in field microplots. these differences were consistent over 3 years. the populations did not differ in virulence; i.e., population by cultivar interactions were not significant. perineal pattern morphology, the north carolina differential host test, chromosome counts of immature oocytes, and esterase phenotypes confirmed that the four populations were m. arenaria. three population ...	1991	19283118
comparison of winter and spring soil fumigation with 1,3-d for the management of meloidogyne arenaria on peanut.	field experiments were conducted in which the fumigant 1,3-d was applied at broadcast rates of 56 and 112 liters/ha during late winter and spring to two differing soil types in north florida. no advantage was demonstrated in applying the fumigant at the higher rate for the management of meloidogyne arenaria on peanut, and there was no disadvantage to applying a standard rate of the fumigant during winter as opposed to the standard practice of a 2-week preplant treatment. at one site, where rainf ...	1991	19283185
meloidogyne arenaria populations on soybean.	the distribution of meloidogyne spp. was determined in the piedmont and coastal plains soybean production areas of south carolina. meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, and m. javanica were found in six of seven counties surveyed, with some populations consisting of two or more species. because m. arenaria populations did not reproduce on peanut (arachis hypogaea cv. florunner), they were designated as host race 2. severity of root galling, shoot and root growth, seed yield, and nematode reproduct ...	1991	19283177
race composition of meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria populations in vegetable fields in uttar pradesh.	a total of 1,256 populations of meloidogyne incognita and 442 populations of m. arenaria were collected from vegetables in eight districts of uttar pradesh, india. host differentials were used to identify the host race of each population. all four host races of m. incognita were present in six of the eight districts. in the other two districts, only host races 1, 2, and 4 were found. although frequencies of occurrence of the races differed among districts, races 1 and 2 comprised 62% of all m. i ...	1991	19283172
resistance to root-knot nematodes in cucumber and horned cucumber.	two experiments were conducted in the greenhouse. in one experiment, cucumber (cucumis sativus) and horned cucumber (c. metuliferus) cultigens were evaluated for resistance to four root-knot nematode species (meloidogyne arenaria, m. hapla, m. incognita, and m. javanica), and, in a second experiment, a standard (12-week) test was compared with a rapid (6-week) test. in the first experiment, horned cucumber cultigens varied in response to the meloidogyne species. 'sumter' cucumber was more suscep ...	1991	19283171
evaluation of two soybean cultivars and aldicarb treatment in soil infested with plant-parasitic nematodes.	the soybean cultivars davis and leflore were grown in a northern florida experimental site infested with eight species of plant-parasitic nematodes. meloidogyne incognita appeared to become the predominant pathogen, suppressing davis soybean yield regardless of aldicarb treatment. soybean yields of leflore were 1.4-fold to 3.5-fold greater than yields of davis, but aldicarb did not affect yields of either cultivar. davis soybean yield was negatively correlated with the at-plant density of m. inc ...	1991	19283184
resistance in soybean cultivars from maturity groups v-viii to soybean cyst and root-knot nematodes.	one hundred thirty-nine cultivars of soybean (glycine max) in maturity groups v, vi, vii, and viii were evaluated in a greenhouse for resistance to heterodera glycines races 3 and 14 and meloidogyne incognita, m. arenaria, and m. javanica. of the cultivars tested, 37% had resistance to h. glycines race 3 alone, 12% had resistance to both races 3 and 14, and 69% exhibited a moderate or high level of resistance to one or more of the meloidogyne spp. however, 24% were susceptible to each race of h. ...	1991	19283166
cotton as a rotation crop for the management of meloidogyne arenaria and sclerotium rolfsii in peanut.	the value of cotton (gossypium hirsutum cv. deltapine 90) in rotation with peanut (arachis hypogaea cv. florunner) for the management of root-knot nematode (meloidogyne arenaria) and southern blight (sclerotium rolfsii) was studied for 6 years in a field at the wiregrass substation in southeast alabama. peanut yields following either 1 or 2 years of cotton (c-p and c-c-p, respectively) were higher than those of peanut monoculture without nematicide [p(-)]. at-plant application of aldicarb to con ...	1991	19283179
population development of pasteuria penetrans on meloidogyne arenaria.	a microplot study on the influence of cropping sequences with peanut in summer and bare fallowed or cover crops of rye or vetch in winter on the population development of pasteuria penetrans was initiated in the spring of 1987. the number of spores of p. penetrans attached per second-stage juvenile of meloidogyne arenaria race 1 increased from 0.11 in the fall of 1987 to 7.6, 8.6, and 3.6 in the fall of 1989 in the rye, vetch, and fallowed plots, respectively. higher (p </= 0.05) levels of p. pe ...	1991	19283094
penetration of susceptible and resistant tobacco cultivars by meloidogyne juveniles.	rates of penetration of meloidogyne incognita, m. arenaria, and m. javanica into tobacco cultivars nc2326 (susceptible to all three species) and k399 (resistant to m. incognita) and a breeding line that had been selected for resistance to m. incognita were compared. meloidogyne incognita penetrated nc2326 rapidly during the first 24 hours after inoculation. numbers of m. incognita continued to increase gradually through the 14-day experiment. higher numbers of m. incognita were observed in the r ...	1991	19283116
a collagenolytic fungus, cunninghamella elegans, for biological control of plant-parasitic nematodes.	the root-galling index of tomatoes inoculated with meloidogyne javanica was decreased 70% when collagen was used as a soil amendment (0.1% w/w) and 90% when the amendment was supplemented with the collagenolytic fungus cunninghamella elegans. the root-galling index was reduced 80% when the fungus was homogenized in collagen culture medium and added to soil without collagen supplement. culture filtrates of the fungus c. elegans, grown on collagen as a single source of carbon and nitrogen, immobil ...	1991	19283126
rotations of bahiagrass and castorbean with peanut for the management of meloidogyne arenaria.	the relative value of 'hale' castorbean (ricinus communis) and 'pensacola' bahiagrass (paspalum notatum) as rotational crops for the management of meloidogyne arenaria and southern blight (sclerotium rolfsii) in 'florunner' peanut (arachis hypogaea) production was studied for 3 years in a field experiment in southeast alabama. peanut following 2 years of castorbean (c-c-p) yielded 43% higher than monocultured peanut without nematicide. at-plant application of aldicarb (30.5 g a.i./100 m row in a ...	1991	19283180
rotations of soybean with tropical corn and sorghum for the management of nematodes.	the relative efficacy of rotations of soybean with sorghum and tropical corn for nematode management was studied for 2 years in a field infested with root-knot (meloidogyne arenaria) and soybean cyst (heterodera glycines, race 14) nematodes. corn, sorghum, and soybean cv. kirby were planted in 1989, and in 1990 the same areas were planted with seven soybean cultivars with and without at-plant application ofaldicarb. corn and sorghum did not support h. glycines, but significant juvenile populatio ...	1991	19283181
characterisation of potential adhesins of the bacterium pasteuria penetrans, and of putative receptors on the cuticle of meloidogyne incognita, a nematode host.	pasteuria penetrans spores were fragmented by glass bead vortexing, producing exosporial membranes and spore fragments, which consisted of fibre bundles. both exosporia and spore fragments are capable of host-specific attachment to the cuticle of meloidogyne incognita, a root-knot nematode host. putative m. incognita receptors appear to be soluble in beta-mercaptoethanol (bme) but not sds, and are also sensitive to tryptic digestion and deglycosylation by endoglycosidase f. polyclonal antibodies ...	1991	1808209
molecular transfer of nematode resistance genes.	recombinant dna techniques have been used to introduce agronomically valuable traits, including resistance to viruses, herbicides, and insects, into crop plants. introduction of these genes into plants frequently involves agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. the potential exists for applying this technology to nematode control by introducing genes conferring resistance to nematodes. transferred genes could include those encoding products detrimental to nematode development or reproduction as we ...	1992	19282989
chemigation for control of black shank-root-knot complex and weeds in tobacco.	tank mixes of a fungicide (metalaxyl) and a nematicide (fenamiphos) with herbicides (isopropalin or pendimethalin) and an insecticide (chlorpyrifos) were applied by soil incorporation or irrigation to control the black shank-root knot complex and weeds on four tobacco cultivars. the disease complex was more severe on cultivars mcnair 944, nc-2326, and k-326 than on speight g-70. the disease complex was reduced (p </= 0.05) on all cultivars with the pesticide combinations containing metalaxyl + f ...	1992	19283041
reproduction of four races of meloidogyne incognita on hibiscus cannabinus.	the feasibility of cultivation of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus) in the united states is receiving a multifaceted evaluation. among the factors being evaluated is kenafs susceptibility to nematodes. in this investigation, four races of meloidogyne incognita reproduced extensively on each of the several kenaf genotypes examined in greenhouse tests. some genotypes of kenaf, however, demonstrated limited resistance to certain races of m. incognita.	1992	19283051
predisposition of broadleaf tobacco to fusarium wilt by early infection with globodera tabacum tabacum or meloidogyne hapla.	in greenhouse experiments, broadleaf tobacco plants were inoculated with tobacco cyst (globodera tabacum tabacum) or root-knot (meloidogyne hapla) nematodes 3, 2, or 1 week before or at the same time as fusarium oxysporum. plants infected with nematodes prior to fungal inoculation had greater fusarium wilt incidence and severity than those simultaneously inoculated. g. t. tabacum increased wilt incidence and severity more than did m. hapla. mechanical root wounding within 1 week of f. oxysporum ...	1992	19283018
effect of temperature on attachment, development, and interactions of pasteuria penetrans on meloidogyne incognita.	the effect of temperature (10, 20, 25, 30, and 35 c) on attachment and development of pasteuria penetrans on meloidogyne arenaria race 1 was elevated in growth chambers. the greatest attachment rate of endospores of p. penetrans occurred on second-stage juveniles at 30 c. the bacterium developed more quickly within its host at 30 and 35 c than at 25 c or below. the development of the bacterium within the nematode female was divided into nine recognizable life stages, which ranged from early vege ...	1992	19283029
crop rotation studies with velvetbean (mucuna deeringiana) for the management of meloidogyne spp.	results from a greenhouse experiment at cabrils, spain, with two velvetbean (mucuna deeringiana) accessions (florida and mozambique) growing in sterilized sandy loam and inoculated with meloidogyne arenaria race 2, m. incognita race 1, and m. javanica revealed that the legume was not a host for these nematodes. in contrast, roots of 'clemson spineless' okra (hibiscus esculentum), 'summer crookneck' squash (cucurbita pepo), and 'davis' soybean (glycine max) were galled by all three root-knot nema ...	1992	19283043
distribution of heterodera carotae and meloidogyne hapla in michigan carrot production.	during 1986 and 1988, selected farms in all of the major carrot-growing counties of michigan were surveyed to determine the extent of infestation by heterodera carotae and meloidogyne hapla. both species were found in all eight counties surveyed, but not on all farms. heterodera carotae was recovered from 67.4% of the fields surveyed. meloidogyne hapla was detected in 24.8% of the samples and from 69.8% of the fields. in most cases, h. carotae and m. hapla occurred in the same field.	1992	19283061
field evaluation of selected soybean cultivars for resistance to two races of meloidogyne arenaria.	the soybean cultivars 'braxton' and 'kirby' were less susceptible to both races 1 and 2 of meloidogyne arenaria than 'centennial' and 'young', which were highly susceptible. soybean seed yields of resistant cultivars were greater (p = 0.05) than susceptible cultivars. reproduction of m. arenaria races 1 and 2 was significantly lower on less susceptible cultivars compared to highly susceptible cultivars. root galling, caused by m. arenaria, was 5-10 times greater on centennial and young than on l ...	1992	19283054
field evaluation of susceptibility to meloidogyne arenaria in arachis hypogaea plant introductions.	resistance to meloidogyne arenaria race 1 is not currently available in commercial peanut cultivars. moderate levels of resistance have been identified in arachis hypogaea plant introductions (pi) in previous greenhouse studies. the purpose of this work was to evaluate the effects of resistance in peanut pi on populations dynamics of m. arenaria in field plots. the pi designated as resistant in greenhouse studies had fewer m. arenaria in roots than the most susceptible pi. at midseason and at th ...	1992	19283050
effects of root decay on the relationship between meloidogyne spp. gall index and egg mass number in cucumber and horned cucumber.	a greenhouse study was conducted to determine if root necrosis had an effect on the relationship between root-knot nematode gall index and egg mass number. thirty-four cultigens of cucumis (14 accessions, 12 cultivars, and six breeding lines of c. sativus, and two accessions of c. metuliferus) were evaluated against four root-knot species (meloidogyne arenaria race 2, m. incognita race 1, m. incognita race 3, and m. javanica) measuring gall index, root necrosis, and egg mass number. root necrosi ...	1992	19283049
a rapid and efficient method for the screening of acid phosphatase 1 in young tomato seedlings, and for the identification of root-knot nematode species using miniaturized polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.	a relatively rapid and highly sensitive miniaturized polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique is described for the analysis of certain isozymes from single cotyledons of tomato seedlings and from single females of the root-know nematode (meloidogyne spp.). homogenates from single tomato cotyledons (7, 14, 21, and 28 days old) were electrophoresed and stained for acid phosphatase 1 (aps 1) activity. cotyledons from plants of all the above age groups showed good aps 1 activity. nondestructive ...	1992	1382970
damage functions for meloidogyne arenaria on peanut.	microplot experiments were conducted in 1989 and 1990 to determine the relationship between yield of peanut (arachis hypogaea) and inoculum density ofmeloidogyne arenaria race 1. nine inoculum densities were used, ranging from 0-200 eggs/100 cm(3) soil (1989) or from 0-100 eggs/100 cm(3) (1990), and each density was replicated 10 times. in 1989, higher final densities (mean of 1,171 juveniles [j2]/100 cm(3) soil) were obtained in plots inoculated with 0.5 to 50 eggs/100 cm(3) soil than in plots ...	1992	19283223
relative damage functions and reproductive potentials of meloidogyne arenaria and m. hapla on peanut.	the reproductive potential and damage functions for meloidogyne hapla and m. arenaria race 1 on virginia-type peanuts (arachis hypogaea cv. florigiant) were determined over 2 years in microplot experiments in north carolina. peanut yield suppression and damage to pods as a result of galling were greatest in response to m. arenaria (p = 0.01). damage functions for the two species were adequately described by the quadratic models: yield (g/plot) = 398 - 17.1 (log[pi + 1]) - 17.0(log[pi + 1])(2); ( ...	1992	19283222
a novel technique for infesting field sites with encapsulated eggs of meloidogyne spp.	eggs of meloidogyne arenaria race 1 were encapsulated in calcium alginate for use as inoculum to infest peanut field plots. some eggs within the capsules remained viable up to 10 weeks after preparation. a field site was successfully infested at peanut planting and (or) 6 weeks later. dual applications of nematode inoculum (at planting and 6 weeks later) were superior to single applications (at planting or 6 weeks after planting). field-site infestation levels at the end of the first year were r ...	1992	19283221
host suitability and response of asparagus cultivars to meloidogyne species and races.	the host-parasite relationships of asparagus and meloidogyne spp. were examined under greenhouse and microplot conditions. meloidogyne species and races differed greatly in their ability to reproduce on asparagus seedlings. meloidogyne hapla generally failed to reproduce, and m. javanica, m. arenaria race 1, and m. incognita race 3 reproduced poorly, with a reproduction factor (rf = final population/initial population) usually < 1.0. only m. arenaria race 2 and m. incognita races 1 and 4 reprodu ...	1992	19283211
resistance of lathyrus species and accessions to the northern root-knot nematode, meloidogyne hapla.	the leguminous plant genus lathyrus contains many species useful for soil conservation and reclamation. some of these species may also have vaiue in the united states for forage production. the extent of genetic variation among lathyrus populations in reaction to most disease pathogens is not known. we examined 28 usda agricultural research service plant introduction accessions representing 16 lathyrus species for their ability to tolerate attack by the northern root-knot nematode, meloidogyne h ...	1992	19283053
effects of cropping sequences on population densities of meloidogyne hapla and carrot yield in organic soil.	the influence of various cropping sequences on population densities of meloidogyne hapla and carrot yield was studied in organic soil under microplot-and field conditions. spinach, radish, barley, oat, and wheat were poor or nonhosts for m. hapla. population densities of m. hapla were maintained or increased on cabbage, celery, lettuce, leek, marigold, and potato. marketable percent-age and root weight of carrots were greater following spinach, oat, radish, and fallow-onion than those following ...	1992	19283022
effects of rapeseed and vetch as green manure crops and fallow on nematodes and soil-borne pathogens.	in a rapeseed-squash cropping system, meloidogyne incognita race 1 and m. javanica did not enter, feed, or reproduce in roots of seven rapeseed cultivars. both nematode species reproduced at low levels on roots of the third crop of rapeseed. reproduction of m. incognita and m. javanica was high on squash following rapeseed, hairy vetch, and fallow. the application of fenamiphos suppressed (p = 0.05) root-gall indices on squash following rapeseed, hairy vetch, and fallow; and on dwarf essex and c ...	1992	19283212
occurrence of meloidogyne spp. in argentina.	a record of 84 plant species in 32 families that are hosts to the root-knot nematode species found in argentina is presented. the genus meloidogyne appears to be widely distributed in the country, with meloidogyne incognita and m. javanica the most frequently detected species. other species found in argentina include m. arenaria, m. cruciani, m. decalineata, m. hapla, and m. ottersoni. the present survey is supplemented with existing published information.	1992	19283059
host suitability of ixora spp. for the root-knot nematodes meloidogyne incognita race 1 and m. javanica.	eight commonly cultivated ixora species or cultivars were tested for their suitability as hosts and their level of tolerance to meloidogyne incognita race 1 and m. javanica in a greenhouse study. twenty weeks postinoculation with 5,000 eggs per pot, m. incognita race 1 and m. javanica produced galls and formed egg masses on roots of all eight ixora species or cultivars tested. however, only m. javanica-infected 'petite yellow' and 'maui' had decreases (p </= 0.05) in root wet weights, suggesting ...	1992	19283052
nematode numbers and crop yield in a fenamiphos-treated sweet corn-sweet potato-vetch cropping system.	nematode population densities and yield of sweet corn and sweet potato as affected by the nematicide fenamiphos, in a sweet corn-sweet potato-vetch cropping system, were determined in a 5-year test (1981-85). sweet potato was the best host of meloidogyne incognita of these three crops. fenamiphos 15g (6.7 kg a.i./ha) incorporated broadcast in the top 15 cm of the soil layer before planting of each crop increased (p </= 0.05) yields of sweet corn in 1981 and 1982 and sweet potato number 1 grade i ...	1992	19283032
ethoprop depletion from soil as influenced by simulated rainfall.	two field microplot tests were conducted in sandy soil to evaluate retention of ethoprop in relation to simulated rainfall levels. ethoprop was applied at the equivalent of 13.5 kg a.i./ha, and simulated rainfall was added at rates of 2.5, 7.5, 15.0, and 22.5 cm over a 6-day period. ethoprop concentration in the soil at 5-, 10-, and 40-day intervals indicated that it was depleted rapidly with increased rainfall levels. the 2.5-cm level of simulated rainfall reduced ethoprop concentration to one- ...	1992	19283040
the root-knot nematode resistance gene (mi) in tomato: construction of a molecular linkage map and identification of dominant cdna markers in resistant genotypes.	a dominant allele at the mi locus on chromosome 6 of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill) confers resistance to three species of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne). the resistance, which is associated with a localized necrotic response, was originally introduced into tomato from the wild species lycopersicon peruvianum. as a step towards the molecular cloning of mi, we have identified closely linked dna markers from both cdna and genomic dna libraries as restriction fragment length polymorphisms ...	1992	1302643
long-range physical maps of two loci (aps-1 and gp79) flanking the root-knot nematode resistance gene (mi) near the centromere of tomato chromosome 6.	the root knot nematode resistance gene mi in tomato has been mapped in the pericentromeric region of chromosome 6. with the objective of isolating mi through a map-based cloning approach, we have previously identified and ordered into a high-resolution genetic linkage map a variety of tightly linked molecular markers. using pulsed-field gelelectrophoresis and various rarely cutting restriction enzymes in single, double and partial digestions, we now report long-range physical maps of the two clo ...	1993	8106010
enzymatic digestion of roots for recovery of root-knot nematode developmental stages.	developmental stages of meloidogyne javanica were successfully released from roots by treatment with commercially available cellulase and pectinase. the average percentage recovery of nematode developmental stages from dolichos lablab, elymus glaucus, and lycopersicon esculentum were as follows: eggs = 526%, j2 = 272%, j3 = 783%, j4 = 549%, adult females = 285%, and total = 425%, expressed as percentages of the counts obtained from stained roots spread on glass plates. root digestion was more ac ...	1993	19279814
glycoprotein characterization of the gelatinous matrix in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica.	proteinaceous components of freshly formed gelatinous matrix (gm) of the root-knot nematode metoidogyne javanica were analyzed. under reducing conditions, the prominent protein fragments had molecular weights of 26 to 66 kda and 150 to >200 kda, and most were glycosylated. most of the fragments were digested by proteinase k, and fewer by trypsin. the lectins soybean agglutinin (sba), ulex europaeus agglutinin, and wheat germ agglutinin labeled the higher molecular weight bands (i.e., >200 kda). ...	1993	19279813
an in vitro test for temperature sensitivity and resistance to meloidogyne incognita in tomato.	an in vitro root explant tissue culture technique is described for determining susceptibility of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) breeding lines and cultivars to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. root explants were taken from 2-day-old seedlings cultured for 30 days at 28 c on gamborg's b-5 medium with or without nematode inoculum. the remaining portion of the root and stem from the excised root explants was transferred to soil in pots and grown to maturity in the greenhouse. i ...	1993	19279747