Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the structure of syncytia induced by the phytoparasitic nematode nacobbus aberrans in tomato roots, and the possible role of plasmodesmata in their nutrition. | the structure of syncytia induced within galls in tomato roots by the false root-knot nematode nacobbus aberrans has been examined by light and electron microscopy. a syncytium develops by breakdown or individual cell walls, which allows movement of cytoplasmic contents between transformed cells. the wall breakdown takes place at pit fields, where the plasmodesmata may be protected from digestion until the surrounding wall is removed. numerous sieve elements differentiate in the cells outside th ... | 1994 | 197113 |
| ultrastructure of anterior sensory organs of the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita. | 1977 | 864822 | |
| ultrastructure of a neurosensory organ in a root-knot nematode. | 1976 | 957473 | |
| scanning electron microscopy in nematode-induced giant transfer cells. | a study of giant cells induced by the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita, in roots of impatiens balsamina was made by scanning electron microscopy. the cytoplasmic contents of giant cells were removed by a procedure based on koh digestion, to reveal inner wall structure. wall ingrowths typical of transfer cells are present in giant cells from six days onwards after induction. they develop on walls adjacent to vascular tissues, and their distribution and development was examined. pit field ... | 1976 | 1001022 |
| the root-knot nematode resistance gene (mi) in tomato: construction of a molecular linkage map and identification of dominant cdna markers in resistant genotypes. | a dominant allele at the mi locus on chromosome 6 of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill) confers resistance to three species of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne). the resistance, which is associated with a localized necrotic response, was originally introduced into tomato from the wild species lycopersicon peruvianum. as a step towards the molecular cloning of mi, we have identified closely linked dna markers from both cdna and genomic dna libraries as restriction fragment length polymorphisms ... | 1992 | 1302643 |
| a rapid and efficient method for the screening of acid phosphatase 1 in young tomato seedlings, and for the identification of root-knot nematode species using miniaturized polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | a relatively rapid and highly sensitive miniaturized polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique is described for the analysis of certain isozymes from single cotyledons of tomato seedlings and from single females of the root-know nematode (meloidogyne spp.). homogenates from single tomato cotyledons (7, 14, 21, and 28 days old) were electrophoresed and stained for acid phosphatase 1 (aps 1) activity. cotyledons from plants of all the above age groups showed good aps 1 activity. nondestructive ... | 1992 | 1382970 |
| acid phosphatase-1(1), a tightly linked molecular marker for root-knot nematode resistance in tomato: from protein to gene, using pcr and degenerate primers containing deoxyinosine. | with a view to cloning the root-knot nematode resistance gene mi in tomato by chromosome walking, we have developed a molecular probe for the tightly linked acid phosphatase-1 (aps-1) locus. the acid phosphatase-1 allozyme (aps-1(1], encoded by the aps-1(1) allele originating from lycopersicon peruvianum, was purified to apparent homogeneity from tomato roots and suspension cells. microsequencing of cnbr and tryptic peptides generated from aps-1(1) provided a partial amino acid sequence, which a ... | 1991 | 1651125 |
| characterization of acetylcholinesterase molecular forms of the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne. | multiple molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase have been isolated and characterized from the root-knot nematodes meloidogyne arenaria and meloidogyne incognita. the forms of enzyme present in these 2 species are similar but not identical to those that occur in the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans. the 5 enzyme forms exhibit differential solubilities and can be classified into 3 classes, a, b, and c, based on substrate affinity, inhibitor and detergent sensitivity, and thermal inacti ... | 1991 | 1775164 |
| characterisation of potential adhesins of the bacterium pasteuria penetrans, and of putative receptors on the cuticle of meloidogyne incognita, a nematode host. | pasteuria penetrans spores were fragmented by glass bead vortexing, producing exosporial membranes and spore fragments, which consisted of fibre bundles. both exosporia and spore fragments are capable of host-specific attachment to the cuticle of meloidogyne incognita, a root-knot nematode host. putative m. incognita receptors appear to be soluble in beta-mercaptoethanol (bme) but not sds, and are also sensitive to tryptic digestion and deglycosylation by endoglycosidase f. polyclonal antibodies ... | 1991 | 1808209 |
| repeated sequence sets in mitochondrial dna molecules of root knot nematodes (meloidogyne): nucleotide sequences, genome location and potential for host-race identification. | within a 7 kb segment of the mtdna molecule of the root knot nematode, meloidogyne javanica, that lacks standard mitochondrial genes, are three sets of strictly tandemly arranged, direct repeat sequences: approximately 36 copies of a 102 ntp sequence that contains a taqi site; 11 copies of a 63 ntp sequence, and 5 copies of an 8 ntp sequence. the 7 kb repeat-containing segment is bounded by putative trnaasp and trnaf-met genes and the arrangement of sequences within this segment is: the trnaasp ... | 1991 | 2027769 |
| responses of the plant parasitic nematodes rotylenchulus reniformis, anguina agrostis and meloidogyne javanica to chemical attractants. | rotylenchulus reniformis, anguina agrostis and meloidogyne javanica respond differently to gradients of chemical attractants. in chemotaxis assays performed on agarose plates, r. reniformis l2 larvae oriented their movement to several common inorganic salts, cyclic amp and amp, as well as to germinated host plant seeds. m. javanica l2 larvae were attracted to germinated seeds, but not to the salts tested, and a. agrostis dauer larvae were not strongly attracted to any of 12 different tested agen ... | 1985 | 2993986 |
| pasteuria thornei sp. nov. and pasteuria penetrans sensu stricto emend., mycelial and endospore-forming bacteria parasitic, respectively, on plant-parasitic nematodes of the genera pratylenchus and meloidogyne. | descriptions are presented of two members of the pasteuria penetrans group of mycelial and endospore-forming bacteria, parasitic on plant-parasitic nematodes. in one case, the epithet p. penetrans sensu stricto emend. has now been limited to members of this group with cup-shaped sporangia and ellipsoidal endospores, parasitic primarily on the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. the second organism, with rhomboidal sporangia and nearly spherical endospores, which is parasitic primarily on t ... | 1988 | 3382544 |
| changes associated with parasitism in nematodes. ii. histochemical and microspectrophotometric analyses of preparasitic and parasitic larvae of meloidogyne javanica. | 1967 | 4294954 | |
| an electron microscopic study of glycogen and lipid in female meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode). | 1974 | 4436740 | |
| water uptake and hatching in the potato cyst nematode, heterodera rostochiensis, and the root knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita. | 1974 | 4475089 | |
| effects of meloidogyne javanica and incognita on the amino acid and reducing sugar content of certain soybean varieties. | 1973 | 4740805 | |
| changes associated with parasitism in nematodes. i. morphology and physiology of preparasitic and parasitic larvae of meloidogyne javanica. | 1967 | 5340778 | |
| activity of dehydrogenases in tomato root-knots infected with the root-knot nematode. | 1967 | 5583868 | |
| supply of oxygen during hatching of the nematode meloidogyne javanica under non-competitive conditions. | 1968 | 5689347 | |
| wall modifications in developing giant cells of vicia faba and cucumis sativus induced by root knot nematode, meloidogyne javanica. | 1969 | 5799564 | |
| polyploidy and reproductive patterns in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla. | 1966 | 5927453 | |
| isozyme monitoring of genetic variation in lycopersicon. | linkages with isozymic loci facilitate the investigation of certain classes of genetic variation. due to the mapping of 20 isozymic loci on nine of the 12 chromosomes of the cultivated tomato (lycopersicon esculentum), much progress has been made in these applications, particularly in the analysis of interspecific hybrids. isozymes can expedite the selective elimination of inferior wild parent germ plasm in backcross transfer of desired genes to the cultivated parent. allelic isozyme constitutio ... | 1983 | 6642990 |
| studies on the efficacy of the antihelminthic antibiotic (kt-199) in the control of root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) chitwood on tomato. | 2005 | 6746308 | |
| nematodes associated with pawpaw (cv. homestead) in nsukka, nigeria. | in field and greenhouse experiments, meloidogyne javanica caused symptomatic damage to pawpaw (cv. homestead). other important nematodes to which pawpaw seemed a good host included pratylenchus spp., rotylenchus reniformis, helioctylenchus spp., and tylenchulus martini. pawpaw appeared as a poor host to scutellonema clatbricaudatum and hoplolaimus pararobustus. fusarium sp. was isolated from the plant roots. | 1981 | 7342958 |
| physiology of parasites: transaminases (got and gpt) in the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne lucknowica singh 1969, and effect of sex on its enzyme levels. | the glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (gpt) activity was found to be greater than the glutamicoxalacetic transaminase (got) activity in the mixed as well as in separate sexes of m. lucknowica. the sexual differences were 44.26% in got levels and 41.8% in gpt levels of the two sexes of the parasite, and the females showed higher enzymatic activity than their males. | 1980 | 7424217 |
| characterization of a pathogen-induced potato catalase and its systemic expression upon nematode and bacterial infection. | we have isolated a cdna encoding a catalase (cat2st) by differential screening of a cdna library constructed from potato roots infected with the cyst nematode globodera pallida. expression analysis confirmed the local induction of cat2st and showed that it was highest at the adult stage of the parasite. it also revealed that cat2st was induced in uninfected roots, stems, and leaves of infected plants. localized and systemic induction of cat2st was also observed upon root-knot nematode (meloidogy ... | 1995 | 7655060 |
| a basic serine protease from paecilomyces lilacinus with biological activity against meloidogyne hapla eggs. | scanning electron micrographs of the nematode-egg-parasitic fungus paecilomyces lilacinus infecting eggs of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne spp. suggested the involvement of lytic enzymes. when grown on a liquid mineral salts medium, supplemented with different substrates as the sole n- and c-source, the fungus produced an extracellular protease. colloidal chitin, vitellin and intact eggs of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla induced proteolytic activity that was repressed by glucose. t ... | 1995 | 7773385 |
| genetic polymorphism between and within meloidogyne species detected with rapd markers. | genetic analyses were conducted on root-knot nematode populations belonging to the four major species of the genus meloidogyne and originating from many countries throughout the world. discrete genetic markers used in this study were random genomic dna sequences amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (rapd). primers of 17-30 nucleotides with 30-55% g + c content were tested. five of them generated a total of 74 scorable markers that provided reliable polymorphisms both between and within spe ... | 1994 | 7828838 |
| carbohydrate-recognition domains on the surface of phytophagous nematodes. | human red blood cells (hrbc) adhered to preparasitic second-stage juveniles (j2) of heterodera avenae, heterodera schachtii, meloidogyne javanica, pratylenchus mediterraneus, rotylenchulus reniformis, and tylenchulus semipenetrans over the entire nematode body. binding was conspicuously confined to the head and tail of longidorus cohni, xiphinema brevicolle, and xiphinema index. binding was ca2+ and mg2+ dependent. in contrast, hrbc did not adhere to anguina tritici, aphelenchoides subtenius, di ... | 1995 | 7895833 |
| low, but strongly structured mitochondrial dna diversity in root knot nematodes (meloidogyne). | root-knot nematodes (genus meloidogyne) have been the subject of recent and numerous studies of genetic variation because of the need to develop molecular diagnostics for the four globally distributed, parthenogenetic species that are significant agricultural pests. our analysis of meloidogyne mtdna improves on previous studies: (i) by examining restriction site polymorphism among a large number of isolates also characterized for standard morphological, host range and allozyme phenotypes; (ii) b ... | 1994 | 7911772 |
| dna sequence and expression analysis of root-knot nematode-elicited giant cell transcripts. | fifty-eight cdna clones isolated from a library of transcripts exhibiting up regulation in tomato root giant cells induced by infection with the parasitic nematode meloidogyne incognita were characterized. a survey of plant tissues identified 31 transcripts present in tissues other than root, including actively dividing and expanding tissues and mature leaf tissues. the identities of approximately 20% of the giant cell transcripts were inferred from dna sequence data; they include sequences enco ... | 2011 | 8012051 |
| long-range physical maps of two loci (aps-1 and gp79) flanking the root-knot nematode resistance gene (mi) near the centromere of tomato chromosome 6. | the root knot nematode resistance gene mi in tomato has been mapped in the pericentromeric region of chromosome 6. with the objective of isolating mi through a map-based cloning approach, we have previously identified and ordered into a high-resolution genetic linkage map a variety of tightly linked molecular markers. using pulsed-field gelelectrophoresis and various rarely cutting restriction enzymes in single, double and partial digestions, we now report long-range physical maps of the two clo ... | 1993 | 8106010 |
| low-temperature scanning electron microscopy in fungus-nematode interaction. | a comparative study has been made of different preparation techniques used for the scanning electron microscope (sem), with regard to their application to fungus-nematode interaction. the preparation of frozen-hydrated specimens of both healthy and arthrobotrys-oligospora-infected second-stage larvae of the root-knot nematode (meloidogyne sp.) is described, and the results are compared with those obtained by critical point-drying and freeze-drying. in all cases the frozen-hydrated specimens cons ... | 2006 | 8281360 |
| a molecular study of root-knot nematode-induced feeding sites. | in a compatible interaction, root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne) induce a sophisticated feeding site shortly after they have penetrated the plant root. the feeding site contains metabolically highly active giant cells. to gain insight into the molecular aspects that are typical for giant cells, a cdna library from tomato roots infected with meloidogyne incognita was differentially screened to find induced genes. among the genes identified, two extensin genes (lemmi8 and lemmi11) and a lea-like gen ... | 1996 | 8580972 |
| satellite dna as a target for pcr-specific detection of the plant-parasitic nematode meloidogyne hapla. | the polymerase chain reaction was evaluated for its ability to amplify dna sequences specific for the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla, using oligonucleotides whose sequence was deduced from the satellite dna previously cloned in this species as primers. as expected, ladder patterns of monomers and multimers of an approximate 150-170-bp repeat were amplified from purified genomic dna of all the m. hapla isolates studied, while no amplification was detected with the five other meloidogyne spe ... | 1995 | 8593688 |
| expression and functional characterization of a single chain fv antibody directed against secretions involved in plant nematode infection process. | expression in plants of antibodies directed against proteins essential for pathogenesis could provide an alternative approach to engineer new resistance traits into crops. salivary secretions of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita are known to play a key role during this nematode infection process. from a hybridoma cell line producing an igm monoclonal antibody specific to these secretions, we have constructed a synthetic gene that encodes an antigen-binding single-chain fv protein (scf ... | 1996 | 8645292 |
| identification of rapd, scar, and rflp markers tightly linked to nematode resistance genes introgressed from arachis cardenasii into arachis hypogaea. | two dominant genes conditioning resistance to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria were identified in a segregating f2 population derived from the cross of 4x (arachis hypogaea x arachis cardenasii)-ga 6 and pi 261942. mae is proposed as the designation for the dominant gene restricting egg number and mag is proposed as the designation for the dominant gene restricting galling. the high levels of resistance in ga 6 were introgressed from a. cardenasii and, therefore, a search to identify ... | 1996 | 8890516 |
| evolution of the at-rich mitochondrial dna of the root knot nematode, meloidogyne hapla. | mitochondrial dna of the root knot nematode meloidogyne hapla was investigated for intraspecific diversity and divergence from other parthenogenetic root knot nematodes. a 1,900-bp fragment containing coii, trnahis, 16s rrna, nd3 and cyt b genes has been cloned and sequenced from one individual and an 1,188-bp region within this region was sequenced from four other australian isolates. m. hapla mtdna is more than 80% at-rich, like other meloidogyne spp. nucleotide diversity within m. hapla is so ... | 1997 | 9000752 |
| phylogenetic analysis of nematodes of the genus pratylenchus using nuclear 26s rdna. | we used nucleotide sequences of the large subunit ribosomal genes (26s rdna) to examine evolutionary relationships among species of the genus pratylenchus (order: tylenchida, family: pratylenchidae), commonly known as root-lesion nematodes. ten species of pratylenchus were studied including, p. penetrans, p. crenatus, p. minyus, p. vulnus, p. thornei, p. musicola, p. coffeae, p. hexincisus, p. scribneri, and p. brachyurus. the species hirschmanniella belli, meloidogyne javanica, heterorhabditis ... | 1997 | 9007024 |
| induction of cdc2a and cyc1at expression in arabidopsis thaliana during early phases of nematode-induced feeding cell formation. | root-knot and cyst nematodes are plant parasites that induce large multinucleated feeding cells in the roots of their hosts. cytological observations have shown that root-knot nematodes induce giant cells by cycles of mitosis without cytokinesis whereas cyst nematodes provoke cell wall degradation leading to the formation of a large syncytium. this study was intended to characterize and compare the ability of both types of nematodes to induce progression through the cell cycle. for this purpose, ... | 1996 | 9011085 |
| regulated use of an alternative spliced leader exon in the plant parasitic nematode meloidogyne javanica. | 1997 | 9178273 | |
| resistance to both cyst and root-knot nematodes conferred by transgenic arabidopsis expressing a modified plant cystatin. | plant nematodes are major pests of agriculture. transgenic plant technology has been developed based on the use of proteinase inhibitors as nematode anti-feedants. the approach offers prospects for novel plant resistance and reduced use of environmentally damaging nematicides. a modified rice cystatin, oc-i delta d86, expressed as a transgene in arabidopsis thaliana, has a profound effect on the size and fecundity of females for both heterodera schachtii (beet-cyst nematode) and meloidogyne inco ... | 1997 | 9301094 |
| the first isolated collagen gene of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica is developmentally regulated. | the nematode's surface comprises a multilayered cuticle, which consists mainly of collagen proteins. we identified, cloned and characterized the first cuticular collagen gene, mjcol-3, of the plant-parasitic nematode meloidogyne javanica. the gene putatively encodes a 32.4-kda collagen protein, including a propeptide which possesses a subtilisin-like protease-cleavage site. six introns were identified in the gene sequence, with three slightly different acceptor-splicing sites. the basic structur ... | 1997 | 9322758 |
| meloidogyne javanica surface proteins: characterization and lability. | characterization of surface coat (sc) proteins including carbohydrate-binding proteins and glycoproteins of the plant-parasitic nematode meloidogyne javanica 2nd-stage juvenile (j2) is reported. extraction of surface proteins with sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) and separation by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) results with bands at 6, 9, 14, 22, 26, 31, 46, 49, 58, 66, 80, 205 and 250 kda. on western blots, the neoglycoprotein, fucosylated-, mannosylated- and glucosylated- ... | 1997 | 9368902 |
| unusual and strongly structured sequence variation in a complex satellite dna family from the nematode meloidogyne chitwoodi. | an alui satellite dna family has been isolated in the genome of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne chitwoodi. this repeated sequence was shown to be present at approximately 11,400 copies per haploid genome, and represents about 3.5% of the total genomic dna. nineteen monomers were cloned and sequenced. their length ranged from 142 to 180 bp, and their a + t content was high (from 65.7 to 79.1%), with frequent runs of as and ts. an unexpected heterogeneity in primary structure was observed betwe ... | 1998 | 9452524 |
| high-resolution dna fingerprinting of parthenogenetic root-knot nematodes using aflp analysis. | amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis has been used to characterize 15 root-knot nematode populations belonging to the three parthenogenetic species meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita and m. javanica. sixteen primer combinations were used to generate aflp patterns, with a total number of amplified fragments ranging from 872 to 1087, depending on the population tested. two kinds of polymorphic dna fragments could be distinguished: bands amplified in a single genotype, and bands p ... | 1998 | 9465419 |
| genetic and physical localization of the root-knot nematode resistance locus mi in tomato. | as part of a map-based cloning strategy designed to isolate the root-knot nematode resistance gene mi, tomato f2 populations were analyzed in order to identify recombination points close to this economically important gene. a total of 21,089 f2 progeny plants were screened using morphological markers. an additional 1887 f2 were screened using pcr-based flanking markers. fine-structure mapping of recombinants with newly developed aflp markers, and rflp markers derived from physically mapped cosmi ... | 1998 | 9520273 |
| the root knot nematode resistance gene mi from tomato is a member of the leucine zipper, nucleotide binding, leucine-rich repeat family of plant genes. | the mi locus of tomato confers resistance to root knot nematodes. tomato dna spanning the locus was isolated as bacterial artificial chromosome clones, and 52 kb of contiguous dna was sequenced. three open reading frames were identified with similarity to cloned plant disease resistance genes. two of them, mi-1.1 and mi-1.2, appear to be intact genes; the third is a pseudogene. a 4-kb mrna hybridizing with these genes is present in tomato roots. complementation studies using cloned copies of mi- ... | 1998 | 9707531 |
| a new alui satellite dna in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne fallax: relationships with satellites from the sympatric species m. hapla and m. chitwoodi. | a highly abundant satellite dna comprising 20% of the meloidogyne fallax (nematoda, tylenchida) genome was cloned and sequenced. the satellite monomer is 173 bp long and has a high a + t content of 72.3%, with frequent runs of a's and t's. the sequence variability of the monomers is 2.7%, mainly due to random distribution of single-point mutations. a search for evidence of internal repeated subunits in the monomer sequence revealed a 6-bp motif (aaattt) for which five degenerated repeats, differ ... | 1998 | 9729876 |
| characterization of lemir, a root-knot nematode-induced gene in tomato with an encoded product secreted from the root. | a tomato gene that is induced early after infection of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) with root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne javanica) encodes a protein with 54% amino acid identity to miraculin, a flavorless protein that causes sour substances to be perceived as sweet. this gene was therefore named lemir (l. esculentum miraculin). sequence similarity places the encoded protein in the soybean trypsin-inhibitor family (kunitz). lemir mrna is found in root, hypocotyl, and flower tissues, wi ... | 1998 | 9733543 |
| a secretory cellulose-binding protein cdna cloned from the root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita). | a cdna encoding a secretory cellulose-binding protein was cloned from the root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita) with rna fingerprinting. the putative full-length cdna, named mi-cpb-1, encoded a 203 amino acid protein containing an n-terminal secretion signal peptide. the c-terminal sequence of the putative mi-cbp-1 was similar to a bacterial-type cellulose-binding domain, whereas the n-terminal sequence did not show significant similarity to any proteins in data bases. recombinant mi-cbp-1 ... | 1998 | 9768512 |
| rpe, a plant gene involved in early developmental steps of nematode feeding cells. | sedentary plant-parasitic nematodes are able to induce the redifferentiation of root cells into multinucleate nematode feeding sites (nfss). we have isolated by promoter trapping an arabidopsis thaliana gene that is essential for the early steps of nfs formation induced by the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. its pattern of expression is similar to that of key regulators of the cell cycle, but it is not observed with the cyst nematode. later in nfs development, this gene is induced by b ... | 1998 | 9843485 |
| the tomato mi-1 gene confers resistance to both root-knot nematodes and potato aphids. | mi-1, a lycopersicon peruvianum gene conferring resistance to the agricultural pests, root-knot nematodes, and introgressed into tomato, has been cloned using a selective restriction fragment amplification based strategy. complementation analysis of a susceptible tomato line with a 100 kb cosmid array yielded a single cosmid clone capable of conferring resistance both to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita and to an unrelated pathogen, the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae. this resis ... | 1998 | 9853621 |
| cloning and characterization of an esophageal-gland-specific chorismate mutase from the phytoparasitic nematode meloidogyne javanica. | root-knot nematodes are obligate plant parasites that alter plant cell growth and development by inducing the formation of giant feeder cells. it is thought that nematodes inject secretions from their esophageal glands into plant cells while feeding, and that these secretions cause giant cell formation. to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the formation of giant cells, a strategy was developed to clone esophageal gland genes from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica. one clone, shown to ... | 1999 | 10188271 |
| molecular cloning of an acetylcholinesterase gene from the plant parasitic nematodes, meloidogyne incognita and meloidogyne javanica. | a gene encoding a protein with strong homology with caenorhabditis elegans and c. briggsae acetylcholinesterase ace-1 was cloned from meloidogyne incognita and m. javanica pre-parasitic juveniles. both cdnas have an orf of 1968 bp for a deduced translation product of 656 amino acid residues. the key residues essential to acetylcholinesterase (ache) structure and function are conserved in both sequences. m. incognita and m. javanica ache share a homology of 98.8% at the amino acid level and 97% a ... | 1999 | 10340488 |
| isolation of a cdna encoding a beta-1,4-endoglucanase in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita and expression analysis during plant parasitism. | a beta-1,4-endoglucanase encoding cdna (egases, e.c. 3.2.1.4), named mi-eng-1, was cloned from meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles (j2). the deduced amino acid sequence contains a catalytic domain and a cellulose-binding domain separated by a linker. in m. incognita, the gene is transcribed in the migratory j2, in males, and in the sedentary adult females. in pre-parasitic j2, endoglucanase transcripts are located in the cytoplasm of the subventral esophageal glands. the presence of bet ... | 1999 | 10478479 |
| methylene group modifications of the n-(isothiazol-5-yl)phenylacetamides. synthesis and insecticidal activity. | it has been shown that oxidation at the alpha-carbon of n-(4-chloro-3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)-2-[p-[(alpha,alpha, alpha-trifluoro-p-tolyl)oxy]phenyl]acetamide (1) is conveniently brought about using dimethylformamide dimethylacetal to give n-(4-chloro-3-methyl-5-isothiazolyl)-beta-(dimethylamino)-p-[(alpha, alpha,alpha-trifluoro-p-tolyl)oxy]atropamide (2), which has served as a common starting point for a variety of functional group transformations. these transformations were found to proceed in ... | 1999 | 10552661 |
| molecular cloning and characterisation of a venom allergen ag5-like cdna from meloidogyne incognita. | rna fingerprinting was used to identify rnas that were expressed in parasitic second-stage juveniles of meloidogyne incognita, but absent from or reduced in preparasitic second-stage juveniles. a cdna encoding a putative secretory protein was cloned from a m. incognita second-stage juvenile cdna library by probing with a 0.5kb fragment derived from fingerprinting that was more strongly expressed in parasitic second-stage juveniles. the cdna, named mi-msp-1, contained an open reading frame encodi ... | 2000 | 10675748 |
| identification of mariner-like elements from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne spp. | the meloidogyne species are agriculturally important pests widespread in the world. these polyphagous endoparasitic nematodes possess an astonishing ability to bypass the plant resistance genes in few generations. however, the genes and mechanisms involved in this molecular determinism are not yet known. except cytogenetic and cytotaxonomic studies, few data are available concerning their genome. there is therefore an important need of molecular tools for genetic investigation of their virulence ... | 2000 | 10779595 |
| cloning and characterization of an extremely conserved satellite dna family from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria. | a new satellite dna family, named pmae, has been cloned from the genome of the phytoparasitic nematode, meloidogyne arenaria (nematoda: tylenchida). it is represented as tandemly repeated sequences with a monomeric unit of 172 bp. the monomers are present at approximately 15700 copies per haploid genome, and represent about 5.3% of the total genomic dna. twenty-seven independent monomers have been cloned and sequenced. the deduced consensus sequence is 70.9% a + t rich, with frequent stretches o ... | 2000 | 10791824 |
| biochemical characterization of mi-eng1, a family 5 endoglucanase secreted by the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | a beta-1,4-endoglucanase named mi-eng1, homologous to the family 5 glycoside hydrolases, was previously isolated from the plant parasitic root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. we describe here the detection of the enzyme in the nematode homogenate and secretion and its complete biochemical characterization. this study is the first comparison of the enzymatic properties of an animal glycoside hydrolase with plant and microbial enzymes. mi-eng1 shares many enzymatic properties with known endog ... | 2000 | 10824111 |
| nematicidal constituents of the aerial parts of lantana camara. | two new constituents, lantanoside (1) and lantanone (2), and the known compounds linaroside (3) and camarinic acid (4) were isolated from the aerial parts of lantana camara. compounds 1, 3, and 4 were tested for nematicidal activity against root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita and showed 90, 85, and 100% mortality, respectively, at 1.0% concentration. the results were comparable to those obtained with the conventional nematicide furadan (100% mortality at 1.0% concentration). structures of t ... | 2000 | 10869197 |
| rapid identification of cyst (heterodera spp., globodera spp.) and root-knot (meloidogyne spp.) nematodes on the basis of its2 sequence variation detected by pcr-single-strand conformational polymorphism (pcr-sscp) in cultures and field samples. | cyst and root-knot nematodes show high levels of gross morphological similarity. this presents difficulties for the study of their ecology in natural ecosystems. in this study, cyst and root-knot nematode species, as well as some ectoparasitic nematode species, were identified using the second internal transcribed spacer (its2) sequence variation detected by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformational polymorphism (pcr-sscp). the its2 region was sufficiently variable within the taxa i ... | 2000 | 10972762 |
| phenotypic and genetic characterization of paecilomyces lilacinus strains with biocontrol activity against root-knot nematodes. | efficient selection of fungi for biological control of nematodes requires a series of screening assays. assessment of genetic diversity in the candidate species maximizes the variety of the isolates tested and permits the assignment of a particular genotype with high nematophagous potential using a rapid novel assay. molecular analyses also facilitate separation between isolates, allowing the identification of proprietary strains and trace biocontrol strains in the environment. the resistance of ... | 2000 | 11006837 |
| plant parasitic nematodes: habitats, hormones, and horizontally-acquired genes. | plant parasitic nematodes are ubiquitous and cosmopolitan pathogens of vascular plants and exploit all parts of the roots and shoots, causing substantial crop damage. nematodes deploy a broad spectrum of feeding strategies, ranging from simple grazing to the establishment of complex cellular structures (including galls) in host tissues. various models of feeding site formation have been proposed, and a role for phytohormones has long been speculated, although whether they perform a primary or se ... | 2000 | 11038227 |
| the broad-spectrum tospovirus resistance gene sw-5 of tomato is a homolog of the root-knot nematode resistance gene mi. | we used a positional cloning approach to isolate the sw-5 disease resistance locus of tomato. complementation experiments with overlapping cosmid clones enabled us to demonstrate that sw-5 is a single gene locus capable of recognizing several tospovirus isolates and species. analysis of the predicted sw-5 protein suggests that it is a cytoplasmic protein, with a potential nucleotide binding site (nbs) domain and a c-terminal end consisting of leucine-rich repeats (lrrs). based on its structural ... | 2000 | 11043474 |
| molecular cloning of a cdna encoding an amphid-secreted putative avirulence protein from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting of three pairs of meloidogyne incognita near-isogenic lines (nils) was used to identify markers differential between nematode genotypes avirulent or virulent against the tomato mi resistance gene. one of these sequences, present only in the avirulent lines, was used as a probe to screen a cdna library from second-stage juveniles (j2s) and allowed cloning of a cdna encoding a secretory protein. the putative full-length cdna, named map-1, encod ... | 2001 | 11194874 |
| cuticle heterogeneity as exhibited by pasteuria spore attachment is not linked to the phylogeny of parthenogenetic root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.). | the cuticle is a major barrier prohibiting the infection of nematodes against micro-organisms. the attachment of bacterial spores of the nematode hyperparasite pasteuria penetrans (pp1) to field populations of root-knot nematodes (rkn, meloidogyne spp.) from burkino faso, ecuador, greece, malawi, senegal and trinidad and tobago were assayed in standard attachment tests. the attachment of spore population pp1 to different field populations of root-knot nematode showed that the rates of attachment ... | 2001 | 11197759 |
| [modulation of plant resistance to diseases by water-soluble chitosan]. | low-molecular-weight water-soluble chitosan with a molecular weight of 5 kda obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis of native crab chitosan was shown to display an elicitor activity by inducing the local and systemic resistance of solanumi tuberosum potato and lycopesicon esculentum tomato to phytophthora infestans and nematodes, respectively. chitosan induced the accumulation of phytoalexins in tissues of host plants, decreased the total content and changed the composition of free sterols producin ... | 2013 | 11234398 |
| effects of rhizobacteria and root symbionts on the reproduction of meloidogyne javanica and growth of chickpea. | the effects of rhizobacteria, i.e. pseudomonas fluorescens, azotobacter chyroococcum and azospirillum brasilense, alone and in combination with root symbionts, rhizobium sp. and glomus mosseae, on the growth of chickpea, cicer arietinum, and reproduction of meloidogyne jaranica were studied. when added alone g. mosseae was better at improving plant growth and reducing galling and nematode reproduction than any other tested organism. application of p. fluorescens caused an almost similar increase ... | 2001 | 11396906 |
| genes induced during early response to meloidogyne incognita in roots of resistant and susceptible alfalfa cultivars. | a cdna library made to rna from roots of meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) susceptible alfalfa cv. lahontan seedlings 72 h after root-knot nematode inoculation was differentially screened with cdna made from uninoculated control and m. incognita infested (72 h) root rna. of the six cdnas isolated, the deduced amino acid sequences of four showed significant homology to sequences present in the databank, while two were pioneer sequences. the four cdnas with matches to known sequences incl ... | 2001 | 11448760 |
| pesticidal properties of parthenin (from parthenium hysterophorus) and related compounds. | eleven sesquiterpene lactone derivatives of parthenin (1), obtained from wild feverfew, parthenium hysterophorus, were prepared by chemical and photochemical transformations. the compounds tested were a pyrazoline adduct (2) of parthenin, its cyclopropyl (3) and propenyl (4) derivatives, anhydroparthenin (5), a dihydro-deoxygenated product (6), a formate (7) and its corresponding alcohol (8) and acetate (9), a rearranged product (10), lactone (11) and hemiacetal (12). all these derivatives, alon ... | 2001 | 11455638 |
| nematode-antagonistic trichothecenes from fusarium equiseti. | a strain of the fungus fusarium equiseti isolated from soybean cyst nematode secretes nematode-antagonistic compounds. bioassay-guided fractionation of an extract of the culture broth was undertaken to identify the compounds. fractions were assayed for activity against a root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita), a plant pathogen that attacks the roots of numerous plant species. two trichothecene compounds were isolated that inhibited egg hatch and immobilized second-stage juveniles of this nem ... | 2001 | 11471940 |
| isolation of a novel collagen gene (mj-col-5) in meloidogyne javanica and analysis of its expression pattern. | mj-col-5, isolated from the plant parasitic nematode meloidogyne javanica, has a longer carboxy-terminus than other members of the caenorhabditis elegans col-6 subfamily of cuticle collagen, including an extra tyrosine residue, and may form altered nonreducible cross-linkages. by semiquantitative determination at different life stages, mj-col-5 transcript was shown to be more abundant in eggs than in juveniles/young females and adult females. to characterize further this gene's contribution to t ... | 2001 | 11534644 |
| nematicidal activity of trigonella foenum-graecum l. | the aqueous, methanol and chloroform extracts of trigonella foenum-graecum caused significant (p < 0.05) mortality of meloidogyne javanica larvae. the methanol soluble fraction eluted from pure distilled water showed the highest (>92%) nematicidal activity compared with the fractions eluted from pure methanol and different ratios of chloroform and methanol indicate that the nematicidal compound was polar in nature. | 2001 | 11536387 |
| food production and nutrition for the crew during the first 2-year closure of biosphere 2. | biosphere 2's finite natural resources: atmosphere, plants, water, and soil, and its unique increased rate of nutrient cycling, mandated a design for the agriculture that emphasized sustainability and high productivity. the results of the initial 2-year test of the agriculture system showed that it could provide a diet that was both nutritionally adequate and pleasing to the palate of the eight-member crew from september 1991 to september 1993. the agriculture design was developed from 1985 to 1 ... | 1997 | 11542292 |
| the tomato rme1 locus is required for mi-1-mediated resistance to root-knot nematodes and the potato aphid. | the tomato mi-1 gene confers resistance against root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) and a biotype of the potato aphid (macrosiphum euphorbiae). four mutagenized mi-1/mi-1 tomato populations were generated and screened for altered root-knot nematode resistance. four independent mutants belonging to two phenotypic classes were isolated. one mutant was chosen for further analyzes; rme1 (for resistance to meloidogyne) exhibited levels of infection comparable with those found on susceptible contro ... | 2001 | 11576426 |
| the interaction between the gelatin-binding domain of fibronectin and the attachment of pasteuria penetrans endospores to nematode cuticle. | pasteuria penetrans is a gram-positive endospore-producing bacterium that is a parasite of root-knot nematodes. attachment of endospores to the cuticle of the nematode is the first stage in the infection process. western blot analysis with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies that recognize the 30 kda heparin-binding domain (hbd) and the 45 kda gelatin-binding domain (gbd) fragments of human fibronectin (fn) revealed a series of polypeptides of approximately 40, 45 and 55 kda present in crude cu ... | 2001 | 11578090 |
| registration of two root-knot nematode-resistant peanut germplasm lines. | 2002 | 11756306 | |
| registration of m1-2 beet germplasm resistant to root-knot nematode. | 2002 | 11756310 | |
| quantification in soil and the rhizosphere of the nematophagous fungus verticillium chlamydosporium by competitive pcr and comparison with selective plating. | a competitive pcr (cpcr) assay was developed to quantify the nematophagous fungus verticillium chlamydosporium in soil. a gamma-irradiated soil was seeded with different numbers of chlamydospores from v. chlamydosporium isolate 10, and samples were obtained at time intervals of up to 8 weeks. samples were analyzed by cpcr and by plating onto a semiselective medium. the results suggested that saprophytic v. chlamydosporium growth did occur in soil and that the two methods detected different phase ... | 2002 | 11916704 |
| [investigation on root-knot diseases of medicinal plants in yunnan]. | during 1994-1997, the damage levels about root-knot diseases on 52 medicinal plants were investigated and analyzed. 185 samples were collected from more than 20 counties or cities in yunnan province. the results showed that 76 specimens were infected by root-knot nematode, which are meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white 1919, chitwood 1949), m. javanice (trenb 1855, chitwood 1949), m. arenaria (neal 1889, chitwood 1949) and m. halpa (chitwood 1949). they infected 21 medicinal plants. the paper ... | 2001 | 11917839 |
| high-throughput targeted ssr marker development in peach (prunus persica). | simple sequence repeats (ssrs) have proven to be highly polymorphic, easily reproducible, codominant markers. however, developing an ssr map is very time consuming and expensive, and most ssrs are not specifically linked to gene loci of immediate interest. the ideal situation would be to combine a high-throughput, relatively inexpensive mapping technique with rapid identification of ssr loci in mapped regions of interest. for this reason, we coupled the high-throughput technique of aflp mapping ... | 2002 | 11962629 |
| a novel root-specific gene, mic-3, with increased expression in nematode-resistant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) after root-knot nematode infection. | a full-length cdna, mic-3, has been identified from a lambda zapii cdna library constructed from the mrna of nematode-resistant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) roots after infection with root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita). the putative open reading frame of mic-3 encoded a protein of 141 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 15.3 kda. seven alternative polyadenylation sites have been identified for the mic-3 transcripts, and the major transcripts are the longest ones. the mic-3 ... | 2002 | 12031505 |
| cloning and characterization of an esophageal-gland-specific pectate lyase from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica. | root-knot nematodes (meloidogynejavanica) are obligate sedentary endoparasites that must penetrate the host root to initiate their life cycle. many enzymes are secreted by the nematode to facilitate host penetration; required enzymes may include pectate lyases and cellulases. using differential screening, a class iii pectate lyase, mj-pel-1 (m. javanica pectate lyase 1), was cloned from a library enriched for esophageal gland genes. dna gel blotting confirmed that the mj-pel-1 gene was of nemato ... | 2002 | 12059103 |
| a polygalacturonase of animal origin isolated from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | the first animal polygalacturonase (pg, ec 2.1.15) encoding cdna, mi-pg-1, was cloned from the plant parasitic nematode meloidogyne incognita. the enzymatic activity of mi-pg-1 was confirmed after heterologous expression in escherichia coli. the presence of a predicted signal peptide on the mi-pg-1 sequence together with the specific localization of the transcripts of the mi-pg-1 gene in the oesophageal glands of infective juveniles imply that mi-pg-1 could be secreted into plant tissues. the po ... | 2002 | 12095628 |
| characterization of the (gaaa) microsatellite region in the plant parasitic nematode meloidogyne artiellia. | microsatellites have become one of the most powerful genetic markers in biology. we have used dna sequencing to characterize a highly variable microsatellite (gaaa) locus in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne artiellia. the use of microsatellite flanking primers produced four amplification products that are defined as electromorphs, based on conventional length criteria. the sequencing of these four amplification products revealed the presence of new variants in the population due to sequence va ... | 2002 | 12137957 |
| characterization of a cdna related to k-cl cotransporters in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | we report the cloning of a full-length cdna from the plant-parasitic nematode meloidogyne incognita, which encodes a putative protein of 1082 amino acids showing high similarity with k-cl cotransporters (kccs) from the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans (54% identity) and from a number of mammals, including human. hydropathy analysis indicates typical kcc topology patterns, with a hydrophylic nh2-terminal region, 12 membrane-spanning domains, and a long cooh-terminal hydrophylic region. ... | 2002 | 12180345 |
| zinc and glycerol enhance the production of nematicidal compounds in vitro and improve the biocontrol of meloidogyne javanica in tomato by fluorescent pseudomonads. | to assess the effects of various carbon and mineral sources on the nematicidal potential of biocontrol inoculants of pseudomonas aeruginosa ie-6s+ and ps. fluorescens cha0 under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. | 2002 | 12180943 |
| preparation of meloidogyne javanica near-isogenic lines virulent and avirulent against the tomato resistance gene mi and preliminary analyses of the genetic variation between the two lines. | meloidogyne javanica, reproducing by mitotic parthenogenesis, is an economically important pathogen of a wide range of crops. a pair of near-isogenic lines virulent and avirulent toward the tomato resistance gene mi were prepared for m. javanica by continuously selecting an avirulent population on the resistant tomato cultivar momotaro over 19 generations. random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis with 102 primers revealed that rapd patterns were highly conserved between the virulent and ... | 2002 | 12182073 |
| characterization of meloidogyne javanica surface coat with antibodies and their effect on nematode behaviour. | the surface coat of the 2nd-stage juveniles (j2) of plant-parasitic nematodes is considered to be involved in interactions with microorganisms in the soil and rhizosphere, as well as with the host plant. characterization of surface antigens might be important in the development of new nematode control strategies. in this study, polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies raised against meloidogyne javanica, m. incognita and other plant-parasitic nematodes were tested for their binding to the surface co ... | 2002 | 12211610 |
| induction patterns of an extensin gene in tobacco upon nematode infection. | when sedentary endoparasitic nematodes infect plants, they induce complex feeding sites within the root tissues of their host. to characterize cell wall changes induced within these structures at a molecular level, we studied the expression of an extensin gene (coding for a major structural cell wall protein) in nematode-infected tobacco roots. extensin gene expression was observed to be induced very early upon infection. this induction was weak, transient, and probably due to wounding during pe ... | 1993 | 12271052 |
| influence of plant species on the biological control activity of the antagonistic rhizobacterium rhizobium etli strain g12 toward the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita. | the influence of plant species on the antagonistic activity of the rhizosphere bacterium rhizobium etli g12 towards the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita was studied. the crops tested were tomato, cucumber, cotton, soybean and pepper. the plants were evaluated for the following parameters: root gall-index, total number of galls and egg masses of m. incognita, as well as shoot and root fresh weight and root length. results indicated a clear influence of plant species on the ability of r. e ... | 2001 | 12425090 |
| the endosymbiosis-induced genes enod40 and ccs52a are involved in endoparasitic-nematode interactions in medicago truncatula. | plants associate with a wide range of mutualistic and parasitic biotrophic organisms. here, we investigated whether beneficial plant symbionts and biotrophic pathogens induce distinct or overlapping regulatory pathways in medicago truncatula. the symbiosis between sinorhizobium meliloti and this plant results in the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules requiring the activation of specific genes in the host plant. we studied expression patterns of nodule-expressed genes after infection with ... | 2002 | 12437298 |
| arabidopsis thaliana mutants with an altered susceptibility to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | sedentary endoparasitic nematodes of plants are obligate parasites of roots in which they complete their sophisticated life cycle. to study the plant/root-knot nematode interaction, a screening was performed for mutants of arabidopsis thaliana that were less susceptible to nematode infection. ethyl methanesulfonate-mutagenized a. thaliana m2 seeds (13,000) were germinated and the seedlings were screened in vitro for nematode susceptibility. another 5,000 plants were screened in a sand mixture un ... | 2002 | 12491969 |
| meloidogyne javanica chorismate mutase 1 alters plant cell development. | root-knot nematodes are obligate plant parasites that alter plant cell growth and development by inducing the formation of giant cells for feeding. nematodes inject secretions from their esophageal glands through their stylet and into plant cells to induce giant cell formation. meloidogyne javanica chorismate mutase 1 (mjcm-1) is one such esophageal gland protein likely to be secreted from the nematode as giant cells form. mjcm-1 has two domains, an n-terminal chorismate mutase (cm) domain and a ... | 2003 | 12575746 |
| genetics of resistance to meloidogyne incognita in crosses of grape rootstocks. | progeny testing was used to investigate the value of selected grape varieties as parents in breeding nematode-resistant rootstocks. six pistillate-flowered rootstocks (ramsey, dog ridge, harmony, freedom, 1613c, and 161-49c) and four staminate-flowered rootstocks (riparia gloire, 3309c, 1616c, and st. george) were used. each male was crossed to each female. six weeks after inoculation with 1,500 second-stage juveniles of meloidogyne incognita race 3, roots were stained in an aqueous solution of ... | 2002 | 12582495 |
| development of a new management strategy for the control of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp) in organic vegetable production. | the nematophagous fungus, pochonia chlamydosporia (goddard) zare & gams, has been investigated as a potential biological control agent for use in integrated pest management strategies for meloidogyne incognita (kof & white) chitwood in vegetable crops. the release of the fungus as a biological control agent requires a diagnostic method to monitor its spread in the environment and to gain knowledge of its ecology. only molecular methods are sufficiently discriminating to enable the detection of s ... | 2003 | 12587872 |
| the heat-stable root-knot nematode resistance gene mi-9 from lycopersicon peruvianum is localized on the short arm of chromosome 6. | the tomato gene mi-1 confers resistance to three species of root-knot nematodes, meloidogyne spp. however, the resistance mediated by mi-1 is inactive at soil temperatures above 28 degrees c. previously, we identified and mapped a novel heat-stable nematode resistance gene from the wild species lycopersicon peruvianum accession la2157 on to chromosome 6. here we report further characterization of this heat-stable resistance against three mi-1-avirulent biotypes of meloidogyne javanica, meloidogy ... | 2003 | 12589548 |
| improvement of pseudomonas fluorescens cha0 biocontrol activity against root-knot nematode by the addition of ammonium molybdate. | to improve the efficacy of pseudomonas fluorescens cha0 and its genetically modified (gm) derivatives by adding ammonium molybdate to control meloidogyne javanica, the root-knot nematode in mungbean. | 2003 | 12641719 |