Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| response of resistant and susceptible brazilian somalis crossbreed sheep naturally infected by haemonchus contortus. | this study was carried out to evaluate the performance of brazilian somalis sheep to natural infections by gastrointestinal nematodes. during 98 days, 75 weaned sheep, initially 3-4 months old, were kept on the same pasture and evaluated. fecal and blood samples were collected for parasitological and hematological exams. after this period, the eight most resistant and the eight most susceptible animals were selected based on their individual averages of nematode fecal egg counts and were slaught ... | 2014 | 24425452 |
| seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in sheep and goats of middle agro-climatic zone of jammu province. | a total of 1920 faecal samples of sheep (960) and goats (960) of stationary flocks of the middle agro-climatic zone of jammu province were examined, out of which 67.24 % animals were positive for helminthic infections. the different nematodes observed were strongyles (50.1 %), trichurids (12.1 %) and strongyloides spp. (4.2 %). trematode ova recorded were of amphistomes (8.3 %), fasciola spp. (8.2 %) and dicrocoelium spp. (5.4 %). no significant difference was observed between the infection leve ... | 2013 | 24431535 |
| gastrointestinal parasitic infection in diverse species of domestic ruminants inhabiting tribal rural areas of southern rajasthan, india. | a total of 415 adult domesticated ruminants, 130 cattle (bos taurus), 108 buffaloes (bubalus bubalis), 94 goats (capra hircus) and 83 sheep (ovis aries) inhabiting tribal rural areas of southern rajasthan, india were investigated for evidence of gastrointestinal protozoan and helminthic infections. in southern rajasthan humid ecosystem is predominant and has number of perennial freshwater bodies. fresh faecal samples of these animals were examined microscopically by direct wet smear with saline ... | 2012 | 24431582 |
| [spatio-temporal pattern of larvae and eggs of gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle pastures in veracruz, mexico]. | the spatial and temporal distribution of gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle has been little studied in mexico. previous studies have described periods of higher larval presence, vertical and horizontal migration in grasslands, and the frequency of adult nematodes; as well as the effect of pasture trichomes on the migration and survival of haemonchus larvae. the aim of this study was to determine the time-space layout and spread of gastrointestinal nematode larvae on pasture, and to estimate th ... | 2013 | 24432531 |
| in vitro effects of coriandrum sativum, tagetes minuta, alpinia zerumbet and lantana camara essential oils on haemonchus contortus. | phytotherapy can be an alternative for the control of gastrointestinal parasites of small ruminants. this study evaluated the efficacy of alpinia zerumbet, coriandrum sativum, tagetes minuta and lantana camara essential oils by two in vitro assays on haemonchus contortus, an egg hatch test (eht) and larval development test (ldt). no effect was observed for l. camara in the eht. a. zerumbet, c. sativum and t. minuta essential oils exhibited a dose-dependent effect in the eht, inhibiting 81.2, 99 ... | 2014 | 24473869 |
| frequency of benzimidazole resistance in haemonchus contortus populations isolated from buffalo, goat and sheep herds. | anthelmintic resistance is an increasing problem that threatens livestock production worldwide. understanding of the genetic basis of benzimidazole resistance recently allowed the development of promising molecular diagnostic tools. in this study, isolates of haemonchus contortus obtained from goats, sheep and buffaloes raised in brazil were screened for presence of the polymorphism phe200tyr in the β-tubulin 1 gene, which confers resistance to benzimidazole. the allelic frequency of the mutatio ... | 2014 | 24473880 |
| haemonchus contortus p-glycoproteins interact with host eosinophil granules: a novel insight into the role of abc transporters in host-parasite interaction. | eosinophils are one of the major mammalian effector cells encountered by helminths during infection. in the present study, we investigated the effects of eosinophil granule exposure on the sheep parasitic nematode haemonchus contortus as a model. h. contortus eggs exposed to eosinophil granule products showed increased rhodamine 123 efflux and this effect was not due to loss of egg integrity. rh123 is known to be a specific p-glycoprotein (pgp) substrate and led to the hypothesis that in additio ... | 2014 | 24498376 |
| genetic variability within and among haemonchus contortus isolates from goats and sheep in china. | haemonchus contortus (order strongylida) is a common parasitic nematode infecting small ruminants and causing significant economic losses worldwide. knowledge of genetic variation within and among h. contortus populations can provide a foundation for understanding transmission patterns, the spread of drug resistance alleles and might assist in the control of haemonchosis. | 2013 | 24499637 |
| opposing effects of the anesthetic propofol at pentameric ligand-gated ion channels mediated by a common site. | propofol is an intravenous general anesthetic that alters neuronal excitability by modulating agonist responses of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (plgics). evidence suggests that propofol enhancement of anion-selective plgics is mediated by a binding site between adjacent subunits, whereas propofol inhibition of cation-selective plgics occurs via a binding site contained within helices m1-m4 of individual subunits. we considered this idea by testing propofol modulation of homomeric human g ... | 2014 | 24501356 |
| co-infection of haemonchus contortus and trichostrongylus spp. among livestock in malaysia as revealed by amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer ii dna region. | haemonchus contortus and trichostrongylus spp. are reported to be the most prevalent and highly pathogenic parasites in livestock, particularly in small ruminants. however, the routine conventional tool used in malaysia could not differentiate the species accurately and therefore limiting the understanding of the co-infections between these two genera among livestock in malaysia. this study is the first attempt to identify the strongylids of veterinary importance in malaysia (i.e., h. contortus ... | 2014 | 24502557 |
| novel assay for the detection and monitoring of levamisole resistance in haemonchus contortus. | a levamisole-sensitive acetylcholine receptor has recently been described in the parasitic nematode haemonchus contortus. the pentameric receptor is produced from different subunit proteins, one of which is hco-acr-8. a truncated transcript, hco-acr-8b, has been identified in six levamisole-resistant h. contortus isolates and was found to be absent in four levamisole-susceptible isolates, indicating hco-acr-8b could be a potential marker for levamisole resistance. the hco-acr-8b transcript conta ... | 2014 | 24503202 |
| effects of host demography, season and rainfall on the prevalence and parasitic load of gastrointestinal parasites of free-living elephants (loxodonta africana) of the chad basin national park, nigeria. | the effects of host demography, rainfall and season on the prevalence and parasitic load of gastrointestinal parasites of african elephants (loxodonta africana) of the chad basin national park were determined for the first time. out of the 274 elephants examined, 36.86% were infected. of the 178 males examined, 35.96% harboured strongyloides, coccidia and strongyles with worm burdens of 75.6 +/- 0.3, 125.2 +/- 1.4 and 420.2 +/- 0.1, respectively. among the males, the larvae of strongyloides papi ... | 2013 | 24506015 |
| predatory capability of the nematophagous fungus arthrobotrys robusta preserved in silica gel on infecting larvae of haemonchus contortus. | biological control of gastrointestinal nematodiasis in ruminants is an alternative to reduce the number of infective larvae. the fungal isolates predatory activity preservation is a basic requirement for the success of this control type. the aim of this work is to evaluate the predatory capacity of the fungus arthrobotrys robusta (isolate i-31), preserved on silica gel on infective larvae of haemonchus contortus under laboratory conditions on 2 % water agar (2 % wa). in this essay, a. robusta st ... | 2014 | 24510197 |
| haemonchus contortus microtubules are cold resistant. | haemonchus contortus is an important nematode of livestock that is present in most parts of the world. the life cycle comprises free living stages (egg, l1, l2 and l3 larvae), and parasitic stages (l4, adult and egg) in a ruminant. microtubules are filamentous structures which are made from polymerization of α- and β-tubulin. in vitro polymerization of α- and β-tubulin can be achieved by increasing the temperature to 37°c under certain conditions. as part of its normal functioning, in mammals, t ... | 2014 | 24525483 |
| genetic parameters for growth and faecal worm egg count following haemonchus contortus experimental infestations using pedigree and molecular information. | haemonchosis is a parasitic disease that causes severe economic losses in sheep industry. in recent years, the increasing resistance of the parasite to anthelmintics has raised the need for alternative control strategies. genetic selection is a promising alternative but its efficacy depends on the availability of genetic variation and on the occurrence of favourable genetic correlations between the traits included in the breeding goal. the objective of this study was twofold. first, to estimate ... | 2014 | 24528625 |
| a reappraisal of the relative sensitivity of nematode pharyngeal and somatic musculature to macrocyclic lactone drugs. | macrocyclic lactone (ml) drugs inhibit pharyngeal pumping, motility and egg laying in parasitic nematodes. previous work has indicated that in vitro effects on worm feeding occurred at lower ivermectin concentrations than effects on worm motility, suggesting that the pharynx musculature was a more important target site for the ml drugs than somatic musculature. we have reassessed this issue of relative sensitivity by examining the response of drug-susceptible and -resistant adult haemonchus cont ... | 2012 | 24533262 |
| relative level of thiabendazole resistance associated with the e198a and f200y snps in larvae of a multi-drug resistant isolate of haemonchus contortus. | while the f200y snp in the beta-tubulin gene is most commonly associated with benzimidazole resistance in trichostrongylid nematodes, other snps as well as drug efflux pathways have been implicated in the resistance. the relative contributions of all these mechanisms are not understood sufficiently to allow expected drug efficacy to be inferred from molecular data. as a component of developing better means to interpret molecular resistance tests, the present study utilised a drug resistant haemo ... | 2012 | 24533269 |
| comparative tissue pharmacokinetics and efficacy of moxidectin, abamectin and ivermectin in lambs infected with resistant nematodes: impact of drug treatments on parasite p-glycoprotein expression. | the high level of resistance to the macrocyclic lactones has encouraged the search for strategies to optimize their potential as antiparasitic agents. there is a need for pharmaco-parasitological studies addressing the kinetic-dynamic differences between various macrocyclic lactones under standardized in vivo conditions. the current work evaluated the relationship among systemic drug exposure, target tissue availabilities and the pattern of drug accumulation within resistant haemonchus contortus ... | 2013 | 24533290 |
| acetylcholine receptor subunit and p-glycoprotein transcription patterns in levamisole-susceptible and -resistant haemonchus contortus. | the mechanism of resistance to the anthelmintic levamisole in parasitic nematodes is poorly understood, although there is some evidence implicating changes in expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) subunit genes. hence, in order to define levamisole resistance mechanisms in some australian field-derived isolates of haemonchus contortus we examined gene expression patterns and snps in nachr subunit genes, as well as expression levels for p-glycoprotein (p-gp) and receptor ancillar ... | 2013 | 24533293 |
| the in vitro assay profile of macrocyclic lactone resistance in three species of sheep trichostrongyloids. | anthelmintic resistance has emerged as an important problem in animal industries. understanding resistance mechanisms, especially against macrocyclic lactones (mls), is the first step in developing better diagnostic tools. effects of several mls including ivermectins and milbemycins were tested using two well established in vitro assays: the larval development assay (lda) and the larval migration inhibition assay (lmia). these were performed on free-living stages of susceptible and ml-resistant ... | 2013 | 24533300 |
| experimental infection by haemonchus contortus in lambs: influence of disease on purine levels in serum. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the purine levels of lambs experimentally infected with haemonchus contortus. a total of 12 healthy lambs were divided into two groups, composed of 6 animals each: group a represented the healthy animals (uninfected), while in group b the animals were infected with 15 000 larvae of h. contortus. blood was drawn on days 15, 45 and 75 post-infection (pi) in order to perform the purine analysis (atp, adp, amp, adenosine, inosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric ... | 2014 | 24534114 |
| in vitro screening of forty medicinal plant extracts from the united states northern great plains for anthelmintic activity against haemonchus contortus. | an egg hatch assay (eha) and a larval migration assay (lma) involving haemonchus contortus was used to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of methanol extracts from 40 plants that are native or naturalized within the u.s.a. northern great plains. only one of these 40 plants (i.e. lotus corniculatus) had been previously evaluated for activity against any gastrointestinal nematode. the various extracts were initially screened at 50mg/ml diluted either in 0.5% dimethyl sulphoxide (dmso) or 3-(n-morp ... | 2014 | 24548703 |
| wild deer as potential vectors of anthelmintic-resistant abomasal nematodes between cattle and sheep farms. | gastrointestinal (gi) nematodes are among the most important causes of production loss in farmed ruminants, and anthelmintic resistance is emerging globally. we hypothesized that wild deer could potentially act as reservoirs of anthelmintic-resistant gi nematodes between livestock farms. adult abomasal nematodes and faecal samples were collected from fallow (n = 24), red (n = 14) and roe deer (n = 10) from venison farms and areas of extensive or intensive livestock farming. principal components ... | 2014 | 24552838 |
| effects of tannic acid on haemonchus contortus larvae viability and immune responses of sheep white blood cells in vitro. | direct inhibitory effects of tannic acid on haemonchus contortus viability were studied in vitro using the larval migration inhibition (lmi) assay. sheep white blood cells (wbc) were preincubated with 5 and 50 lg/ml tannic acid or not followed by whole h. contortus antigen (wha). cells were harvested at 24 h post-incubation to test host immune responses. concentrations of 50, 100, 500, 1000, 3000 and 5000 lg/ml tannic acid inhibited larvae migration by 19.8, 42.4, 46.3, 92.0, 93.7 and 100%, resp ... | 2014 | 24558656 |
| influence of experimental infection by haemonchus contortus on acetylcholinesterase activity in lymphocytes of lambs. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity in lymphocytes of lambs experimentally infected by haemonchus contortus. a total of 14 healthy lambs were used, divided into two groups of seven animals each. group a (negative control) represented the uninfected animals, and group b (positive control) was formed by animals infected with 15,000 larvae of h. contortus. blood was drawn on the days 15, 45 and 75 post-infection (pi) in order to perform the white blood cel ... | 2014 | 24560768 |
| measuring the effect of avermectins and milbemycins on somatic muscle contraction of adult haemonchus contortus and on motility of ostertagia circumcincta in vitro. | the mechanism of anthelmintic resistance against the widely used macrocyclic lactones (mls) is still not fully understood. pharyngeal, somatic body muscles and the ovijector have been proposed as putative sites of action as well as resistance. in the present study the effects of three avermectins and three milbemycins on adult parasitic nematodes were evaluated in vitro. the muscle transducer system was used to investigate the effects of mls on muscle contraction in female haemonchus contortus a ... | 2014 | 24576444 |
| host-specificity and morphometrics of female haemonchus contortus, h. placei and h. similis (nematoda: trichostrongylidae) in cattle and sheep from shared pastures in são paulo state, brazil. | to better evaluate the usefulness of female haemonchus specimens for specific identification, we undertook a detailed analysis of the morphology of a collection of worms obtained from cattle and sheep in shared pastures. based on the results, we also more precisely evaluated the host-specificity of haemonchus contortus, h. placei and h. similis occurring sympatrically in a farm located in the western region of são paulo state, brazil. a synlophe analysis was employed to identify the three specie ... | 2015 | 24589375 |
| metabolic pathways of anthelmintic drug monepantel in sheep and in its parasite (haemonchus contortus). | monepantel (mop) is a new anthelmintic drug intended for the treatment and control of gastrointestinal roundworms (nematodes) infection and associated disease in sheep. the aim of our study was to find out metabolic pathways of mop in sheep in vivo and in its parasite haemonchus contortus ex vivo. mop biotransformation in two h. contortus strains with different sensitivity to anthelmintics was also compared. ultra high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (uhplc-ms/ms) ... | 2014 | 24616229 |
| the influence of water on the migration of infective trichostrongyloid larvae onto grass. | detailed knowledge of the effects of water on the migration of infective larvae of economically important trichostrongyloid species is urgently needed to feed into prediction models of future epidemiology. the influence of water on the migration of the parasitic nematodes nematodirus battus, haemonchus contortus and teladorsagia circumcincta from sheep dung onto grass was examined in a series of laboratory experiments. turf plots were seeded with larvae, which were recovered from grass clippings ... | 2011 | 24650934 |
| immune response to haemonchus contortus and haemonchus placei in sheep and its role on parasite specificity. | two trials were conducted to determine the prepatent and the patent period of haemonchus contortus and haemonchus placei in santa ines crossbred sheep and to determine whether serial infections with both species confer protection against homologous or heterologous challenge. to evaluate the prepatent and patent periods of infection, five lambs received a single infection with 4000 h. contortus-infective larvae (l3), and another five received a single infection with 4000 h. placei l3. h. contortu ... | 2014 | 24670867 |
| the distribution of snp marker effects for faecal worm egg count in sheep, and the feasibility of using these markers to predict genetic merit for resistance to worm infections. | summarygenetic resistance to gastrointestinal worms is a complex trait of great importance in both livestock and humans. in order to gain insights into the genetic architecture of this trait, a mixed breed population of sheep was artificially infected with trichostrongylus colubriformis (n=3326) and then haemonchus contortus (n=2669) to measure faecal worm egg count (wec). the population was genotyped with the illumina ovinesnp50 beadchip and 48 640 single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers p ... | 2011 | 24725775 |
| hc-daf-2 encodes an insulin-like receptor kinase in the barber's pole worm, haemonchus contortus, and restores partial dauer regulation. | infective l3s (il3s) of parasitic nematodes share common behavioural, morphological and developmental characteristics with the developmentally arrested (dauer) larvae of the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans. it is proposed that similar molecular mechanisms regulate entry into or exit from the dauer stage in c. elegans, and the transition from free-living to parasitic forms of parasitic nematodes. in c. elegans, one of the key factors regulating the dauer transition is the insulin-like ... | 2014 | 24727120 |
| vaccination of lambs against haemonchus contortus infection with a somatic protein (hc23) from adult helminths. | a somatic protein from adult haemonchus contortus (hc23), the most abundant component in a low molecular weight fraction with known immunizing effect against experimental haemonchosis, has been purified by immunochromatography. the immunoprophylactic value of hc23 was tested in groups of 5-6 months old assaf lambs using al(oh)(3) or escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide+inactivated propionibacterium acnes as adjuvant and the results compared with uninfected control, uninfected and challenged or in ... | 2014 | 24759430 |
| the annual population dynamics of gastrointestinal nematodes in breeding sheep of the silesian foothills, southern poland. | the study was carried out on an organic farm. the flock of the sheep (27 individuals) was naturally infected by parasites. the aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of infection with gastrointestinal nematodes. there were found species of 3 nematode families: trichostrongylidae (trichostrongylus spp., ostertagia sp., nematodirus spp., cooperia spp., haemonchus contortus); strongylidae (oesophagostomum spp., strongyloides papillosus, chabertia ovina) and ancylostomatidae (bunostomum sp. ... | 2013 | 24791341 |
| anthelmintic activity of artemisia annua l. extracts in vitro and the effect of an aqueous extract and artemisinin in sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. | there is no effective natural alternative control for gastrointestinal nematodes (gin) of small ruminants, with haemonchus contortus being the most economically important gin. despite frequent reports of multidrug-resistant gin, there is no new commercial anthelmintic to substitute failing ones. although trematocidal activity of artemisinin analogs has been reported in sheep, neither artemisinin nor its plant source (artemisia annua) has been evaluated for anthelmintic activity in ruminants. thi ... | 2014 | 24802864 |
| relative potency of macrocyclic lactones in in vitro assays with larvae of susceptible and drug-resistant australian isolates of haemonchus contortus and h. placei. | the present study used in vitro assays to determine the relative potency of commercial macrocyclic lactone (ml) anthelmintics against larvae of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant australian isolates of important parasites of sheep and cattle, haemonchus contortus and haemonchus placei, respectively. cattle pour-on products containing abamectin, ivermectin, eprinomectin, doramectin or moxidectin were diluted in dmso and used in larval development assays. abamectin was the most potent chemical (l ... | 2014 | 24813746 |
| desiccation tolerance of gastrointestinal nematode third-stage larvae: exploring the effects on survival and fitness. | the free-living third-stage larvae (l3) of gastrointestinal nematodes are able to tolerate extreme weather conditions such as desiccation, but little is known about the consequent effects this has on their fitness. this study explored how the desiccation of haemonchus contortus l3 larvae affected their absolute fitness by examining their success at consequent life cycle stages for a complete generation, and comparing them against a control. the stages examined include establishment, fecundity, l ... | 2014 | 24828346 |
| the usefulness of dna derived from third stage larvae in the detection of ashworthius sidemi infection in european bison, by a simple polymerase chain reaction. | ashworthius sidemi, a blood-sucking nematode, is a primary parasite of asiatic cervides, primarily sika deer (cervus nippon). as a. sidemi infections are common in bison, red and roe deer, and gastrointestinal nematodes are often exchanged between animals, it is possible that other farm animals such as cows and sheep that may use the same pastures can be infected. hence, histopathological changes observed in the walls of the abomasa and duodena of infected wildlife caused by a strong parasite pr ... | 2014 | 24886355 |
| moisture requirements for the migration of haemonchus contortus third stage larvae out of faeces. | the abomasal nematode haemonchus contortus causes severe disease and production loss in small ruminants in warmer regions and is also an emerging threat in many temperate climates. specific knowledge of the effects of climate on the epidemiology of h. contortus is needed to effectively apply sustainable control strategies, which rely on prediction of infection risk. although the effects of temperature and rainfall on larval development in this species have been characterised, much less is known ... | 2014 | 24893698 |
| proteomic analysis of mecistocirrus digitatus and haemonchus contortus intestinal protein extracts and subsequent efficacy testing in a vaccine trial. | gastrointestinal nematode infections, such as haemonchus contortus and mecistocirrus digitatus, are ranked in the top twenty diseases affecting small-holder farmers' livestock, yet research into m. digitatus, which infects cattle and buffalo in asia is limited. intestine-derived native protein vaccines are effective against haemonchus, yet the protective efficacy of intestine-derived m. digitatus proteins has yet to be determined. | 2014 | 24901227 |
| the presence of benzimidazole resistance mutations in haemonchus placei from us cattle. | haemonchus populations were collected from cattle from mid-western and eastern southern us (four and six populations, respectively) to determine the relative prevalence of haemonchus contortus and haemonchus placei and the frequency of the three isotype-1 β-tubulin polymorphisms associated with benzimidazole resistance. a minimum of 32 individual adult worms were genotyped at position 24 of the rdna its-2 for each population to determine species identity (296 worms in total). one population from ... | 2014 | 24916341 |
| efficacy of free and nanoencapsulated eucalyptus citriodora essential oils on sheep gastrointestinal nematodes and toxicity for mice. | herbal medicines with anthelmintic effects are alternatives for the sustainable control and prevention of disease caused by gastrointestinal parasites. the nanoencapsulation of essential oils has been proposed to enhance the absorption of their constituents and improve their efficacy. the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of free and nanoencapsulated eucalyptus citriodora essential oil (eceo) on the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in vitro and in vivo. chitosa ... | 2014 | 24929446 |
| novel approaches to control of parasites—a workshop. | with the advent of helminth parasite populations that have developed resistance to anthelmintics over the last decade or so, especially in small ruminants, sustainable productivity has been threatened. this workshop on novel approaches to control was held at the 19th international conference of the world association for the advancement of veterinary parasitology (waavp) at new orleans,la, usa, during 10–14 august 2003. the workshop was organized and chaired by j.e. miller and p.j. waller. novel ... | 2004 | 24937881 |
| functional investigation of a qtl affecting resistance to haemonchus contortus in sheep. | this study reports a functional characterization of a limited segment (qtl) of sheep chromosome 12 associated with resistance to the abomasal nematode haemonchus contortus. the first objective was to validate the identified qtl through the comparison of genetically susceptible (n) and resistant (r) sheep produced from martinik × romane back-cross sheep. the r and n genotype groups were then experimentally infected with 10 000 h. contortus larvae and measured for fec (every three days from 18 to ... | 2014 | 24939584 |
| copper and selenium: auxiliary measure to control infection by haemonchus contortus in lambs. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of selenium and copper on oxidative stress and its performance in lambs experimentally infected with haemonchus contortus. twenty-eight five-months old lambs were experimentally infected by the oral route with 5000 third-stage infective larvae and allocated into four groups, i.e., untreated animals, animals treated intramuscularly with sodium selenite (0.2 mg kg(-1)), animals treated subcutaneously with copper (3.5 mg kg(-1)), and animals treated ... | 2014 | 24950380 |
| reduced neophobia: a potential mechanism explaining the emergence of self-medicative behavior in sheep. | gastrointestinal helminths challenge ruminants in ways that reduce their fitness. in turn, ruminants have evolved physiological and behavioral adaptations that counteract this challenge. for instance, emerging behavioral evidence suggests that ruminants self-select medicinal compounds and foods that reduce parasitic burdens. however, the mechanism/s leading to self-medicative behaviors in sick animals is still unknown. we hypothesized that when homeostasis is disturbed by a parasitic infection, ... | 2014 | 24955494 |
| vaccination of grazing calves with antigens from the intestinal membranes of haemonchus contortus: effects against natural challenge with haemonchus placei and haemonchus similis. | a vaccine containing integral membrane glycoproteins from the intestine of haemonchus contortus was evaluated in three groups of eight 5 months old grazing calves, naturally infected by haemonchus similis, haemonchus placei and other gastrointestinal nematodes. vaccinated calves received 5 or 50μg of the antigen and 1mg of saponin adjuvant, while the controls received adjuvant alone, initially three times, 3 weeks apart and then four more times at 6 weeks intervals. three weeks after the last im ... | 2014 | 24960373 |
| effect of fall-grazed sericea lespedeza (lespedeza cuneata) on gastrointestinal nematode infections of growing goats. | high prevalence of anthelmintic-resistant gastrointestinal nematodes (gin) in goats has increased pressure to find effective, alternative non-synthetic control methods, one of which is adding forage of the high condensed tannin (ct) legume sericea lespedeza (sl; lespedeza cuneata) to the animal's diet. previous work has demonstrated good efficacy of dried sl (hay, pellets) against small ruminant gin, but information is lacking on consumption of fresh sl, particularly during the late summer-autum ... | 2014 | 24996964 |
| nutrient partitioning of merino sheep divergently selected for genetic difference in resistance to haemonchus contortus. | this research was designed to determine if divergent genetic selection for resistance to haemonchus contortus had produced correlated changes in the metabolism of amino-nitrogen in the absence or presence of h. contortus infection. partitioning of amino acid-nitrogen between tissues was determined in 42 merino weaner wethers from the csiro haemonchus selection flock, increased resistance to haemonchus (irh), decreased resistance to haemonchus (drh) and random bred control (c) selection lines. we ... | 2014 | 25027755 |
| in vitro evidence that the pastoral artemisia campestris species exerts an anthelmintic effect on haemonchus contortus from sheep. | occurrence of anthelmintic resistant strains of helminths is increasing. the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic activity of artemisia campestris in comparison to albendazole against haemonchus contortus of sheep. in this respect, in vitro anthelmintic activities of crude aqueous and crude ethanolic extracts of aerial parts of a. campestris were investigated on eggs and adults of haemonchus contortus. chemical analyses revealed that overall profile of both extracts sample ... | 2014 | 25027867 |
| development of a milk and serum elisa test for the detection of teladorsagia circumcincta antibodies in goats using experimentally and naturally infected animals. | teladorsagia circumcincta is among the most important gastrointestinal parasites in small ruminants and the predominant species in southern european goats. parasite control is largely based on metaphylactic/preventative treatments, which is often seen as non-sustainable anymore. the reasons are increased consumer demand to reduce chemicals in livestock production and anthelmintic resistance against the common drugs. this study aimed at the development of a t. circumcincta-enzyme-linked immunosor ... | 2014 | 25028211 |
| evaluation of two iranian domestic ovine breeds for their pathological findings to gastrointestinal infection of haemonchus contortus. | the generally warm, moist environmental conditions in the northwestern iran are ideal for survival and growth of the egg and larval stages of haemonchus contortus and other gastrointestinal nematodes (gin) of sheep and goats.a total of 2,421 animals were slaughtered and examined from july 2010 to july 2011 in urmia abattoir. in case of sheep, 225 out of 2,421 were positive and prevalence of h. contortus infestation was 9.3 %. sex wise prevalence of h. contortus in sheep was 33.08 % (76/229) in m ... | 2014 | 25035592 |
| effects of supplementation with dietary green tea polyphenols on parasite resistance and acute phase protein response to haemonchus contortus infection in lambs. | the objective of this study was to determine the effects of supplementation with dietary green tea polyphenols (gtps) on parasite resistance and acute phase protein (app) response to haemonchus contortus infection in lambs. thirty male ujumqin lambs were randomly assigned to five treatment groups for an 8-week feeding period. treatments included: (1) uninfected as control, (2) infected but not given gtp (infgtp0) and (3)-(5) infected and fed 2, 4, or 6g gtp/kg feed (dry matter basis; infgtp2, in ... | 2014 | 25042046 |
| influence of dietary supplementation of condensed tannins through leaf meal mixture on intake, nutrient utilization and performance of haemonchus contortus infected sheep. | the study assessed the effect of dietary supplementation of leaf meal mixture (lmm) containing condensed tannins (ct) on feed intake, nutrient utilization and performance of sheep infected with haemonchus contortus. eighteen adult sheep of similar age and body weight (25.03±1.52) were included in this study and out of these, 12 sheep were infected with single dose of infective third stage larvae of h. contortus at 2,000 larvae per sheep. the experimental sheep were allocated in three different g ... | 2013 | 25049728 |
| lectin, hemolysin and protease inhibitors in seed fractions with ovicidal activity against haemonchus contortus. | bioactive molecules of plant species are promising alternatives for the chemical control of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants. extracts of native and exotic seed species from brazil's semi-arid region were tested in vitro in an egg hatch assay and the bioactivity of their proteins was investigated. each seed species was subjected to three extractions with three types of solvents. all the seeds showed ovicidal activity, which varied according to the solvents. higher ovicidal activity was fo ... | 2014 | 25054490 |
| galectin hco-gal-m from haemonchus contortus modulates goat monocytes and t cell function in different patterns. | monocytes and t cells are two major subpopulations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune systems. different members of the galectin family show multiple and distinct regulatory effects on different cell types. previous studies have demonstrated that the galectin from haemonchus contortus (hco-gal-m) performed immunomodulatory effects on goat pbmc, however, which subpopulation of pbmc is the primary target of hco-gal-m and whethe ... | 2014 | 25056558 |
| drug-efflux and target-site gene expression patterns in haemonchus contortus larvae able to survive increasing concentrations of levamisole in vitro. | while there is some evidence that changes in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) subunits confer resistance to levamisole in gastrointestinal helminth parasites, the exact nature of the resistance mechanism(s) is unclear. we utilised the presence of a resistant fraction within the wallangra 2003 isolate of haemonchus contortus larvae in order to subdivide the population into three subpopulations of larvae able to survive increasing concentrations of the drug. we then measured gene expressio ... | 2014 | 25057457 |
| hc-fau, a novel gene regulating diapause in the nematode parasite haemonchus contortus. | diapause induced in the early fourth stage of haemonchus contortus is a strategy to adapt this nematode to hostile environmental conditions. in this study, we identified a new gene, hc-fau, a homologue of human fau and caenorhabditis elegans ce-rps30. hc-fau encodes two proteins through alternative rna splicing, hc-faua and hc-faub, consisting of 130 and 107 amino acids, respectively. hc-fau possesses a diverged ubiquitin-like (ubil) protein domain and a conserved ribosome protein s30 domain. th ... | 2014 | 25058511 |
| gastrointestinal nematodes and anthelmintic resistance in danish goat herds. | the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in danish goats and the presence of anthelmintic resistance (ar) in 10 selected herds were investigated during april-september 2012. all danish herds (n = 137) with 10 or more adult goats were invited to participate, and of these 27 herds met the inclusion criterion of more than 10 young kids never treated with anthelmintics. questionnaire data on management were collected, and faecal samples from 252 kids were analysed by the mcmaster technique. from ... | 2014 | 25076056 |
| pilot project to investigate over-wintering of free-living gastrointestinal nematode larvae of sheep in ontario, canada. | this study investigated the overwintering survival and infectivity of free-living gastrointestinal nematode (gin) stages on pasture. the presence of gin larvae was assessed on 3 sheep farms in ontario with a reported history of clinical haemonchosis, by collecting monthly pasture samples over the winter months of 2009/2010. the infectivity of gin larvae on spring pastures was evaluated using 16 tracer lambs. air and soil temperature and moisture were recorded hourly. free-living stages of tricho ... | 2014 | 25082990 |
| the effect of vitamin e supplementation on an experimental haemonchus contortus infection in lambs. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin e supplementation on an experimental haemonchus contortus infection in lambs. twenty lambs were stratified into two treatment groups based on fecal egg count. worm-free lambs, 28-32 weeks of age, were supplemented with vitamin e (d-α-tocopherol) for 12 weeks following the recommendations of the national research council for the minimum daily requirement (control; 5.3 iu/kg body weight (bw)/day (d), n=10) or the requirement for ... | 2014 | 25085770 |
| protein profile of lambs experimentally infected with haemonchus contortus and supplemented with selenium and copper. | gastrointestinal nematodes cause significant economic losses in the sheep industry, with frequent reports of anthelmintic resistance. therefore, alternative methods to control these parasites are necessary. thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of treatment with selenium and copper on the protein profile of sheep that were experimentally infected with haemonchus contortus. | 2014 | 25096962 |
| pharmacokinetics and anthelmintic efficacy of topical eprinomectin in goats prevented from grooming. | pharmacokinetics and anthelmintic activity of topical eprinomectin in goats prevented from physical contact to others and self-grooming were studied. sixteen approximately 7 months old male castrated german white noble goats harbouring induced infections of gastrointestinal nematode parasites were included in the study. they were blocked based on pre-treatment body weight (range 22.4 to 36.4 kg) and then randomly allocated to the untreated control group or the group treated with topical 0.5% w/v ... | 2014 | 25106840 |
| development of an in vitro screen for compound bioaccumulation in haemonchus contortus. | the objective of the current study was to establish an in vitro screen and a highly sensitive analytical assay to delineate key physicochemical properties that favor compound bioaccumulation in the l3 life stage of a haemonchus contortus isolate. time-dependent studies revealed that absorption and elimination kinetics during the first 6 hr of exposure were sufficient to achieve maximum bioaccumulation for the majority of compounds tested. in subsequent studies, the larvae were incubated for 6 hr ... | 2014 | 25116000 |
| the parasitic fauna of the european bison (bison bonasus) (linnaeus, 1758) and their impact on the conservation. part 1. the summarising list of parasites noted. | during the current century, 88 species of parasites have been recorded in bison bonasus. these are 22 species of protozoa (trypanosoma wrublewskii, t. theileri, giardia sp., sarcocystis cruzi, s. hirsuta, s. hominis, s. fusiformis, neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii, cryptosporidium sp., eimeria cylindrica, e. subspherica, e. bovis, e. zuernii, e. canadensis, e. ellipsoidalis, e. alabamensis, e. bukidnonensis, e. auburnensis, e. pellita, e. brasiliensis, babesia divergens), 4 trematodes species ... | 2014 | 25119348 |
| expression of caenorhabditis elegans-expressed trans-hps, partial aminopeptidase h11 from haemonchus contortus. | aminopeptidase h11 present in the surface of intestine microvilli in haemonchus contortus was identified as the most effective antigen candidate. however, its recombinant forms produced in escherichiacoli, insect cells and yeast could not provide promising protection against h. contortus challenge, probably due to the inappropriate glycosylation and/or conformational folding. herein, partial h11 containing the potential zinc-binding domain and two predicted glycosylation sites (nt 1 bp-1710 bp, ... | 2014 | 25128369 |
| attempts to vaccinate ewes and their lambs against natural infection with haemonchus contortus in a tropical environment. | a vaccine containing integral membrane glycoproteins from the intestine of haemonchus contortus was evaluated in three groups of grazing sheep each containing 13 ewes and their 16 lambs naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. two groups were vaccinated with either 5 or 50μg of the antigen per immunisation, while the third, the control group, received adjuvant alone. the sheep were immunised six times at 3week intervals, partly because the vaccine antigens are hidden and thus no immun ... | 2014 | 25148946 |
| an analysis of seroprevalence and risk factors for parasitic infections of economic importance in small ruminants in greece. | a cross-sectional serological survey was carried out to screen the small ruminants of thessaly, greece, for infection with haemonchus contortus, lungworms (i.e. cystocaulus ocreatus, muellerius capillaris, protostrongylus rufescens and neostrongylus linearis) as a group, and for cysticercus tenuicolis, linguatula serrata and oestrus ovis. a second objective was to determine the risk factors related to herd characteristics, management practices, farmer status and bioclimatic variables associated ... | 2014 | 25155306 |
| a one shot blood phenotype can identify sheep that resist haemonchus contortus challenge. | gastrointestinal nematodes remain a major limitation to the productivity of livestock systems. selective breeding to produce populations that have an enhanced ability to resist infection is a viable and ongoing option to reduce this impact. the development of new phenotypes that facilitate this process is therefore of great interest. for this reason we explored relationships between haematological parameters and the ability of sheep to resist nematode infection. a multivariate analytical approac ... | 2014 | 25200384 |
| a dyf-7 haplotype causes sensory neuron defects and is associated with macrocyclic lactone resistance worldwide in the nematode parasite haemonchus contortus. | heavy reliance on macrocyclic lactones to treat parasitic nematodes has resulted in the evolution of widespread drug resistance that threatens human and animal health. management strategies have been proposed that would slow the rise of resistance, however testing these strategies has been hampered by the lack of identified strong-effect resistance markers in parasites. we show that the caenorhabditis elegans gene cel_dyf-7, necessary for amphid sensory neuron development, also confers macrocycl ... | 2014 | 25224687 |
| long-term effects of drenches with condensed tannins from acacia mearnsii on goats naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. | in this study, the long-term effects of exposure to a drench containing condensed tannins (cts) from acacia mearnsii on gastrointestinal nematodes in goats were investigated. male cross-bred anglo-nubian goat kids between 3 and 5 months of age were dewormed at the beginning of the experiment. the goat kids were divided into one group that received weekly 24 g oral doses of a. mearnsii bark extract dissolved in water containing 16.7% cts (gct group, n = 8) and a second group that did not receive ... | 2014 | 25224791 |
| reduction of benzimidazole resistance in established haemonchus contortus populations in goats using a single infection with a benzimidazole-susceptible isolate. | an in vivo study in goats evaluated the effect of superimposing a single artificial infection with a benzimidazole (bz)-susceptible haemonchus contortus isolate upon established h. contortus populations of known bz resistance by measuring the phenotypic bz resistance of eggs collected from faeces before and after re-infection. two h. contortus isolates, one benzimidazole resistant (bzr) and the other susceptible (bzs), were used to infect worm-free goats. eight goats were initially infected with ... | 2015 | 25226395 |
| dna vaccine encoding haemonchus contortus actin induces partial protection in goats. | actin is a globular multi-functional protein that forms microfilaments, and participates in many important cellular processes. previous study found that haemonchus contortus actin could be recognized by the serum of goats infected with the homology parasite. this indicated that h. contortus actin could be a potential candidate for vaccine. in this study, dna vaccine encoding h. contortus actin was tested for protection against experimental h. contortus infections in goats. fifteen goats were all ... | 2014 | 25236283 |
| cysteine proteinase genes in indian strain of haemonchus contortus. | the genes of microvillar cysteine proteinases such as hmcp1, hmcp6 and gcp7 of phenotypically distinct morphotypes of female h. contortus having knobbed and linguiform vulvar flaps were cloned and characterized. complementary dna (cdna) was synthesized from total rna of both the morphotypes. the hmcp1, hmcp6 and gcp7 genes were amplified from cdna. the amplicons were cloned in pdrive t/a cloning vector and sequenced by sanger's dideoxy method. the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were ... | 2014 | 25239651 |
| evaluation of the role of galectins in parasite immunity. | galectin-11 and galectin-14 are ruminant galectins involved in parasitic infections. although their roles in parasite immunity are still being elucidated, its appears that their functions are parasite specific. in gastrointestinal infections with the nematode haemonchus contortus, both galectin-11 and galectin-14 appear to be protective. however, in a chronic infection of liver fluke, fasciola hepatica, these galectins may aid parasite survival. this chapter discusses the methods designed to stu ... | 2015 | 25253154 |
| effect of selenium yeast supplementation on naturally acquired parasitic infection in ewes. | gastrointestinal parasites cause substantial economic losses in pasture-based sheep production systems. supranutritional organic selenium (se) supplementation may be beneficial because it improves immune responses to pathogens. to evaluate the effect of se-yeast supplementation on gastrointestinal parasite load, 30 ewes per treatment group were drenched weekly with no se, 4.9 mg se/week as se yeast (maximum fda-allowed concentration), or supranutritional concentrations of se yeast (14.7 and 24.5 ... | 2014 | 25256922 |
| gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep raised in botucatu, state of são paulo, brazil. | gastrointestinal nematode infections were evaluated in sheep raised in botucatu, state of são paulo, brazil between april 2008 and march 2011. every month, two tracer lambs grazing with a flock of sheep were exposed to natural infection with gastrointestinal nematodes for 28 consecutive days. at the end of this period, the lambs were sacrificed for worm counts. haemonchus contortus presented 100% of prevalence. the seasons exerted no significant influence on the mean intensity of h. contortus, w ... | 2016 | 25271455 |
| activity of ivermectin long-acting injectable (ivomec(®) gold) in first-season grazing cattle exposed to natural challenge conditions in germany. | the persistent activity of ivermectin long-acting injection (ivm lai; ivomec® gold, merial; 3.15% ivermectin w/v) against nematode infections of cattle was evaluated under natural challenge conditions. seventy nematode-free brown swiss calves were blocked by pre-treatment bodyweight and allocated randomly to seven groups of 10 animals each: saline (control) at 1 ml/50 kg bodyweight once on day 0 or ivm lai at 1 ml/50 kg bodyweight (630 mcg ivm/kg) on either days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, or 35. after ho ... | 2015 | 25280515 |
| supplementation of moist and dehydrated citrus pulp in the diets of sheep artificially and naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes on the parasitological parameters and performance. | the inclusion of industrial byproducts such as citrus pulp in the composition of animal diets has been widely recommended due to sustainability aspects and their high level of carbohydrates. limonene is found in citrus pulp and has been described elsewhere as a major compound of citrus essential oils with excellent anthelmintic activity. the objective of this study was to evaluate the parasitological parameters of lambs artificially infected (experiment 1) with haemonchus contortus and naturally ... | 2014 | 25282048 |
| phenobarbital induction and chemical synergism demonstrate the role of udp-glucuronosyltransferases in detoxification of naphthalophos by haemonchus contortus larvae. | we used an enzyme induction approach to study the role of detoxification enzymes in the interaction of the anthelmintic compound naphthalophos with haemonchus contortus larvae. larvae were treated with the barbiturate phenobarbital, which is known to induce the activity of a number of detoxification enzymes in mammals and insects, including cytochromes p450 (cyps), udp-glucuronosyltransferases (udpgts), and glutathione (gsh) s-transferases (gsts). cotreatment of larvae with phenobarbital and nap ... | 2014 | 25288079 |
| anthelmintic resistance in ovine gastrointestinal nematodes in inland southern queensland. | to establish the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in ovine gastrointestinal nematodes in southern queensland. | 2014 | 25348144 |
| monepantel irreversibly binds to and opens haemonchus contortus mptl-1 and caenorhabditis elegans acr-20 receptors. | monepantel is a recently developed anthelmintic with a novel mode of action. parasitic nematodes with reduced sensitivity to monepantel have led to the identification of mptl-1, a ligand-gated ion-channel subunit of the parasitic nematode haemonchus contortus, as a potential drug target. homomeric mptl-1 channels reconstituted in xenopus oocytes are gated by µm concentrations of betaine and mm concentrations of choline. measurement of reversal potentials indicated that the channel has a similar ... | 2015 | 25352042 |
| exploring the role of two interacting phosphoinositide 3-kinases of haemonchus contortus. | phosphoinositide 3-kinases (pi3ks) are relatively conserved and important intracellular lipid kinases involved in signalling and other biological pathways. in the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans, the heterodimeric form of pi3k consists of catalytic (age-1) and regulatory (aap-1) subunits. these subunits are key components of the insulin-like signalling pathway and play roles in the regulation of the entry into and exit from dauer. although, in parasitic nematodes, similar components ... | 2014 | 25388625 |
| relationship between oxidative stress and pathological findings in abomasum of infected lambs by haemonchus contortus. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the nitric oxide (no) levels, and oxidative and antioxidant markers of lambs experimentally and naturally infected by haemonchus contortus, and its relation to lesions in the abomasum. for experimental study, a total of 14 healthy lambs were divided into two groups with seven animals each. group a represented the uninfected animals (control), and group b was formed by infected animals with 15,000 larvae of h. contortus. blood was collected on days 15, 45, an ... | 2014 | 25446248 |
| genetic evidence for hybridisation between haemonchus contortus and haemonchus placei in natural field populations and its implications for interspecies transmission of anthelmintic resistance. | genetic hybridisation between parasitic nematode species has potentially important consequences. it could lead to the introgression of genes between species including those involved in pathogenicity, host specificity, transmission and drug resistance. it could also complicate diagnosis and control. however, there are few compelling examples of its occurrence in parasites in the field. haemonchus contortus and haemonchus placei are two closely related parasitic nematode species that predominantly ... | 2015 | 25449043 |
| effect of sericea lespedeza leaf meal pellets on adult female haemonchus contortus in goats. | sericea lespedeza (sl; lespedeza cuneata) is a perennial warm-season forage rich in condensed tannins (ct) that has been reported to have anthelmintic activity against small ruminant gastrointestinal nematodes (gin), particularly haemonchus contortus, a highly pathogenic blood-feeder, but the mechanism of action of ct against h. contortus is not clearly understood. an experiment with young goats was designed to study the effect of sl leaf meal pellets on (1) a mature h. contortus infection, and ... | 2015 | 25465738 |
| exploring the limitations of pathophysiological indicators used for targeted selective treatment in sheep experimentally infected with haemonchus contortus. | identifying which sheep to treat as part of a targeted selective treatment approach to gastro-intestinal nematode control relies entirely on the efficacy of the indicators. indicators such as famacha© (anaemia), disco (diarrhea) and reductions in weight gains were designed specifically to reflect those sheep experiencing symptomatic consequences of infection. using the gastro-intestinal nematode haemonchus contortus as a model species, this study explored the utility and sensitivity of these ind ... | 2015 | 25466619 |
| field efficacy of four anthelmintics and confirmation of drug-resistant nematodes by controlled efficacy test and pyrosequencing on a sheep and goat farm in denmark. | we describe a case of anthelmintic resistance on one of the largest organic small ruminant farms in denmark. the flock was established in 2007 by purchase of animals from other danish farms and had history of clinical parasitism, high mortality of young stock and anthelmintic treatment failure. in october 2011, 40 lambs and 40 kids were selected for a faecal egg count reduction test (fecrt) with fenbendazole (fbz), ivermectin (ivm), moxidectin (mox) and levamisole (lev). lambs were treated with ... | 2014 | 25468020 |
| development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for the sensitive detection of haemonchus contortus eggs in ovine faecal samples. | a major constraint on the effective control and management of helminth parasites in livestock is the lack of rapid and reliable diagnostic tests to identify the parasite species responsible for disease and to allow informed treatment decisions to be made. in the present study, we have developed a novel dna-based assay for the detection of haemonchus contortus eggs in ovine faecal samples, using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (or lamp). lamp allows for rapid detection of h. contortus dna ... | 2014 | 25468028 |
| anthelmintic activity of acetone-water extracts against haemonchus contortus eggs: interactions between tannins and other plant secondary compounds. | this study aimed at (i) describing the effects of acetone-water extracts obtained from a range of different plant materials, on the hatching process of haemonchus contortus eggs under in vitro conditions and (ii) identifying the role of tannins and other plant secondary compounds (psc), on these ah effects by using polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (pvpp), an inhibitor of tannins and other polyphenols. an egg hatch assay (eha) was used to determine the ah effect. acetone-water (70:30) extracts from diffe ... | 2014 | 25468031 |
| storage of gastrointestinal nematode infective larvae for species preservation and experimental infections. | techniques to preserve the infective third-stage larvae (l3) of gastrointestinal nematodes are of considerable interest to preserve rare species and to maintain a stable source for routine experimental infections. this study compares the relative pros and cons of the two most common techniques, cryopreservation and refrigeration by comparing how they influence consequent infection outcome parameters in terms of life-history traits and fitness as a function of time using the gastrointestinal nema ... | 2015 | 25468381 |
| impact of the post-weaning parasitism history on an experimental haemonchus contortus infection in creole goat kids. | gastrointestinal nematode (gin) infections have an important negative impact on small ruminant production. the selection of genotypes resistant to these parasitic infections is a promising alternative control strategy. thus, resistance against gin is an important component of small ruminant breeding schemes, based on phenotypic measurements of resistance in immune mature infected animals. in this study we evaluated both the impact of the post-weaning parasitism history on the response to an expe ... | 2015 | 25468672 |
| haemonchus contortus p-glycoprotein-2: in situ localisation and characterisation of macrocyclic lactone transport. | haemonchus contortus is a veterinary nematode that infects small ruminants, causing serious decreases in animal production worldwide. effective control through anthelmintic treatment has been compromised by the development of resistance to these drugs, including the macrocyclic lactones. the mechanisms of resistance in h. contortus have yet to be established but may involve efflux of the macrocyclic lactones by nematode atp-binding-cassette transporters such as p-glycoproteins. here we report th ... | 2015 | 25486495 |
| first report of monepantel haemonchus contortus resistance on sheep farms in uruguay. | on two farms it was noted that after routine treatment with monepantel, fecal egg counts failed to drop. this was accompanied by lambs mortality due to haemonchus contortus infection. the aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of monepantel to control gastrointestinal nematodes (gin) in two sheep farms, in uruguay. | 2014 | 25515711 |
| attenuation effect of uv on haemonchus contortus larvae in experimentally infected goats. | haemonchus contortus causes severe economic losses in small ruminants, so this study was conducted to study the uv effect on h. contortus larvae and its protective effect. | 2013 | 25516737 |
| comparative pharmacology of flatworm and roundworm glutamate-gated chloride channels: implications for potential anthelmintics. | pharmacological targeting of glutamate-gated chloride channels (glucls) is a potent anthelmintic strategy, evidenced by macrocyclic lactones that eliminate numerous roundworm infections by activating roundworm glucls. given the recent identification of flatworm glucls and the urgent need for drugs against schistosomiasis, flatworm glucls should be evaluated as potential anthelmintic targets. this study sought to identify agonists or modulators of one such glucl, smglucl-2 from the parasitic flat ... | 2014 | 25516835 |
| differentiation of haemonchus placei from haemonchus contortus by pcr and by morphometrics of adult parasites and third stage larvae. | molecular and morphological methods were evaluated to distinguish between haemonchus contortus and haemonchus placei species. a total of 141 h. contortus and 89 h. placei male adult specimens collected from artificially infected lambs were identified individually by pcr analysis, using a species-specific primer pair. these pcr results were used as gold standard for haemonchus spp. identification. haemonchus placei presented higher mean spicule and barb lengths than h. contortus (p<0.05). however ... | 2017 | 25517528 |
| anthelmintic effect of carob pods and sainfoin hay when fed to lambs after experimental trickle infections with haemonchus contortus and trichostrongylus colubriformis. | the aim of the study was to compare the in vivo anthelmintic activity of sainfoin hay (onobrychis viciifolia) and carob pod meal (ceratonia siliqua) against gastrointestinal nematodes. seven days before infection, 64 naive lambs were assigned to four different groups: group s received sainfoin hay and group car was fed with carob pods. the remaining lambs received lucerne hay (medicago sativa) and were assigned to positive (non-treated, nt) and negative (treated, t) control groups (treatment wit ... | 2014 | 25526546 |
| a new enabling proteomics methodology to investigate membrane associated proteins from parasitic nematodes: case study using ivermectin resistant and ivermectin susceptible isolates of caenorhabditis elegans and haemonchus contortus. | the mechanisms involved in anthelmintic resistance (ar) are complex but a greater understanding of ar management is essential for effective and sustainable control of parasitic helminth worms in livestock. current tests to measure ar are time consuming and can be technically problematic, gold standard diagnostics are therefore urgently required to assist in combatting the threat from drug resistant parasites. for anthelmintics such as ivermectin (ivm), target proteins may be present in the cellu ... | 2015 | 25537855 |
| the cytochrome p450 family in the parasitic nematode haemonchus contortus. | haemonchus contortus, a highly pathogenic and economically important parasitic nematode of sheep, is particularly adept at developing resistance to the anthelmintic drugs used in its treatment and control. the basis of anthelmintic resistance is poorly understood for many commonly used drugs with most research being focused on mechanisms involving drug targets or drug efflux. altered or increased drug metabolism is a possible mechanism that has yet to receive much attention despite the clear rol ... | 2014 | 25558056 |