| nature and identification of exophiala werneckii. | the morphological and physiological characteristics of 44 isolates of exophiala werneckii recovered from human and environmental sources were indistinguishable from 2 isolates that caused tinea nigra. casein hydrolysis and inability to decompose tyrosine differentiate e. werneckii from exophiala jeanselmei, exophiala spinifera, and wangiella dermatitidis. | 1982 | 7153351 |
| dematiaceous fungal pathogens isolated from nature. | this study was conducted to demonstrate the presence of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi in nature. using hamster and mouse inoculation techniques, 43 isolates of dematiaceous fungi were recovered from 39 samples of woody plant material and soil from the virginia environment. thirteen species were identified and included 4 phialophora spp., 3 cladosporium spp., 2 exophiala spp., sporothrix sp., wangiella dermatitidis, bispora betulina, and scytalidium lignicola. evidence is presented for the first ... | 1980 | 7189579 |
| identification of aspergillus fumigatus and related species by nested pcr targeting ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacer regions. | aspergillus fumigatus is the most common species that causes invasive aspergillosis. in order to identify a. fumigatus, partial ribosomal dna (rdna) from two to six strains of five different aspergillus species was sequenced. by comparing sequence data from genbank, we designed specific primer pairs targeting rdna internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of a. fumigatus. a nested pcr method for identification of other a. fumigatus-related species was established by using the primers. to evaluat ... | 2001 | 11376067 |
| isolation of dematiaceous pathogenic fungi from a feed and seed warehouse. | in an epidemiological study, nine isolates of dematiaceous fungi were recovered from the interior of a local feed and seed warehouse. sample sites include brick walls and floors. air samples also were included. samples were collected in saline and plated on mycobiotic and sabouraud agar. the nine dematiaceous fungi recovered from these samples were identified with microscopic morphology, thermotolerance, biochemical reactions, and animal virulence test. four isolates were identified as nonpathog ... | 1982 | 7200100 |
| wdchs2p, a class i chitin synthase, together with wdchs3p (class iii) contributes to virulence in wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis. | the chitin synthase structural gene wdchs2 was isolated by screening a subgenomic dna library of wangiella dermatitidis by using a 0.6-kb pcr product of the gene as a probe. the nucleotide sequence revealed a 2,784-bp open reading frame, which encoded 928 amino acids, with a 59-bp intron near its 5' end. derived protein sequences showed highest amino acid identities with those derived from the cichs1 gene of coccidioides immitis and the anchsc gene of aspergillus nidulans. the derived sequence a ... | 2001 | 11705928 |
| induction of synchronous growth in the yeast phase of wangiella dermatitidis. | synchronous yeast-phase cultures of wangiella dermatitidis were induced by starvation, heat shock, and inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by hydroxyurea. hydroxyurea-induced synchrony resulted in some distortion of the yeast-phase cell cycle. however, induction of synchrony by hydroxyurea is a rapid and simple technique which generates a marked degree of synchronous growth. | 1980 | 7364723 |
| electron microscopy of pathogenic yeasts cryptococcus neoformans and exophiala dermatitidis by high-pressure freezing. | a high-pressure freezing method was used to observe the ultrastructure of pathogenic yeasts, cryptococcus neoformans and exophiala dermatitidis, after freeze-substitution and ultrathin sectioning. the method well preserved the cell structure in its natural state, since the capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, nucleus, outer and inner nuclear membranes, nuclear pores, nucleolus, mitochondria, mitochondrial membrane and cristae, vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, spindle pole body, ... | 2002 | 12003238 |
| in vitro activity of fk463, a novel lipopeptide antifungal agent, against a variety of clinically important molds. | the in vitro antifungal activity of fk463 against a variety of clinically important opportunistic molds was compared with amphotericin b, itraconazole and fluconazole by using the broth microdilution method m27-a specified by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards. fk463 exhibited potent activity against aspergillus species, which was superior to those of all other compounds tested. fk463 was also active against the dematiaceous fungi cladosporium trichoides, exophiala spinifer ... | 2002 | 12011539 |
| yeast-phase cell cycle of the polymorphic fungus wangiella dermatitidis. | the yeast-phase cell cycle of wangiella dermatitidis was studied using flow microfluorimetry and the deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) synthesis inhibitor hydroxyurea (hu). exposure of exponential-phase yeastlike cells to 0.1 m hu for 3 to 6 h resulted in the arrest of the cells in dna synthesis and produced a nearly homogeneous population of unbudded cells. treatment of the yeast-phase cells with hu for 9 h or longer resulted in the accumulation of the cells predominantly as budded forms having eithe ... | 1980 | 7430070 |
| analysis of genes coding for small-subunit rrna sequences in studying phylogenetics of dematiaceous fungal pathogens. | because of their ability to display yeast-like growth forms in various environmental conditions, dematiaceous (melanized) hyphomycetes of the form-genera exophiala, rhinocladiella, and wangiella have been informally termed "black yeasts." cladistic analysis of 1,050 bp of the genes coding for small-subunit rrna (ssu rdna) supported a close relationship among species of these black yeasts with other dematiaceous hyphomycetes in the form-genera fonsecaea, phialophora, and ramichloridium. the conve ... | 1995 | 7615749 |
| intravascular line infection with exophiala dermatitidis. | | 1995 | 7799730 |
| nosocomial intravascular infection with exophiala dermatitidis. | | 1994 | 7934529 |
| optimal testing conditions for determining mics and minimum fungicidal concentrations of new and established antifungal agents for uncommon molds: nccls collaborative study. | this collaborative three-center study evaluated nccls m38-a document testing conditions and other testing conditions for the antifungal susceptibility testing of 35 isolates of aspergillus nidulans, a. terreus, bipolaris hawaiiensis, b. spicifera, cladophialophora bantiana, dactylaria constricta, fusarium solani, paecilomyces lilacinus, scedosporium prolificans, trichoderma longibrachiatum, and wangiella dermatitidis for itraconazole, three new triazoles (voriconazole, posaconazole, and ravucona ... | 2002 | 12354880 |
| high prevalence of the neurotrope exophiala dermatitidis and related oligotrophic black yeasts in sauna facilities. | the black yeast exophiala dermatitidis, an agent of fatal brain infections in east asia, is common in european steam baths. the related fungi sarcinomyces phaeomuriformis and exophiala mesophila were isolated from locations in these complexes with lower ambient temperature and/or moisture. the latter two species had dry, rather than slimy, colonies and lower maximum growth temperatures (38 degrees c, 32 degrees c) than e. dermatitidis (42 degrees c). exophiala dermatitidis produces abundant extr ... | 2002 | 12421284 |
| pleoanamorphic life cycle of exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis. | the anamorph life cycle of the black yeast exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis is described. the fungus is dimorphic, yeast cells being the prevalent form of propagation. the fungus is strongly hydrophilic, probably completing its anamorph life cycle in submersion. adaptation to dry conditions is slow. types of conidiogenesis comprise annellidic, phialidic and sympodial reproduction, in addition to isotropic development. phialoconidia fail to germinate under the conditions tested, and thus may ha ... | 1994 | 7979319 |
| [therapy of infections caused by dematiaceous fungi]. | since dematiaceous fungi belong to the group of rare infectious agents causing mycoses, therapeutic recommendations are mainly deduced from observations of single cases. in cases of eumycetoma or focal phaeohyphomycoses of the central nervous system (e.g. caused by cladophialophora bantiana or exophiala dermatitidis) and in certain cases of chromoblastomycoses, the resection in toto is the therapy of choice, which may be accompanied by antimycotic medication. as antimycotic therapy ex juvantibus ... | 1997 | 9417521 |
| three-dimensional reconstruction of a pathogenic yeast exophiala dermatitidis cell by freeze-substitution and serial sectioning electron microscopy. | the structure of a budding cell of the pathogenic yeast exophiala dermatitidis was observed in three dimensions after freeze-substitution, serial ultrathin sectioning and computer reconstruction. the nucleus occupied about 10% of the cell volume. the spindle pole body was composed of two disk elements connected by an intervening midpiece, and occupied about 0.01% of the cell volume. the cell wall consisted of an inner transparent layer, a middle electron-opaque layer, and an outer fibrous layer. ... | 2003 | 12594017 |
| biosynthesis of fungal melanins and their importance for human pathogenic fungi. | for more than 40 years fungi have been known to produce pigments known as melanins. predominantly these have been dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa)-melanin and dihydroxynaphthalene (dhn)-melanin. the biochemical and genetical analysis of the biosynthesis pathways have led to the identification of the genes and corresponding enzymes of the pathways. only recently have both these types of melanin been linked to virulence in some human pathogenic and phytopathogenic fungi. the absence of melanin in hum ... | 2003 | 12620252 |
| importance of calcium to the regulation of polymorphism in wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis. | critical steps implicated in the polymorphism of wangiella dermatitidis were found to be sensitive to calcium ion availability. when grown in a defined, synthetic medium under various ph and temperature conditions, two thresholds of calcium ion concentrations were identified: a lower concentration favouring non-polarized growth leading to multicellular form development and a higher concentration promoting polarized growth characterized by yeast budding or pseudo/true hyphal growth. the phenotypi ... | 1997 | 9467104 |
| [differentiation and characterization of yeasts pathogenic for humans (candida albicans, exophiala dermatitidis) and algae pathogenic for animals (prototheca spp.) using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir) in comparison with conventional methods]. | due to the fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir) of strain specific traits demonstrated to be a suitable and efficient method for diagnostic and epidemiological determinations for the yeasts candida albicans, exophiala dermatitidis and the chlorophylless algae of the genus prototheca. ft-ir leads in a rapid and economical way to reproducible results according to the spectral differences of intact cells (ir-fingerprints). different genera, species and sub-species respectively, different ... | 1998 | 9717390 |
| specific oligonucleotide primers for identification of hortaea werneckii, a causative agent of tinea nigra. | hortaea werneckii, a black yeast-like hyphomycete that is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical environments, can cause superficial mycotic infection in humans. this fungus was recently isolated from superficial infectious lesions of a guinea pig in japan. an oligonucleotide primer set specific for hortaea werneckii was designed on the basis of the internal transcribed spacer regions of the ribosomal dna (rdna). polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with this primer set yielded a 306 bp pcr a ... | 2003 | 12812723 |
| exophiala dermatitidis and sarcinomyces phaeomuriformis: its1-sequencing and nutritional physiology. | the internal transcribed spacer 1 (its1) sequences of the nuclear rrna gene (approximately 200 bp) of 33 strains of the exophiala dermatitidis complex were determined; two similar species were added for comparison. a core group (i), including the type strain cbs 207. 35, contained 20 identical strains which had previously been found to have introns in their small sub-unit (ssu) rdna. eleven remaining strains identified as e. dermatitidis (groups ii-v) differed from the core group in 1-4 nucleoti ... | 1998 | 9776827 |
| isolation and confirmation of function of the coccidioides immitis ura5 (orotate phosphoribosyl transferase) gene. | the oprtase (ura5) gene of the human pathogenic fungus, coccidioides immitis (ci), was cloned, sequenced, chromosome-mapped and expressed both by transformation of escherichia coli and by complementation of wdura5delta, an auxotrophic strain of wangiella dermatitidis (wd) with a disrupted ura5 gene. a functional assay of the recombinant ura5 expressed by e. coli was conducted to ensure that the isolated ci gene encodes the appropriate enzyme. in the absence of a transformation system for ci, we ... | 1999 | 9931494 |
| cloning and use of the wdura5 gene as a hisg cassette selection marker for potentially disrupting multiple genes in wangiella dermatitidis. | a genomic clone encoding the wangiella dermatitidis orotidine monophosphate pyrophosphorylase gene (wdura5) was isolated by screening a subgenomic plasmid dna library of this phaeohyphomycotic agent using a pcr amplification product of the gene as a probe. when plasmid dna containing the cloned wdura5 gene was introduced by electroporation into a wdura5 auxotrophic recipient strain derived previously by selection with 5-fluoroorotic acid (5-foa), an apparent gene repair event occurred at high fr ... | 1999 | 10361263 |
| a color-selectable and site-specific integrative transformation system for gene expression studies in the dematiaceous fungus wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis. | to explore potential virulence factors in the dematiaceous (melanized) fungus wangiella dermatitidis, we established a gene expression system with properties of homologous transformation and color identification. using a polyketide synthase gene (wdpks1) fragment for targeting, we found that 52% of transformants became albinos easily distinguishable from nonspecific transformants. southern analysis confirmed that the integrations were at the wdpks1 locus, which however did not affect transforman ... | 1999 | 10541862 |
| specific oligonucleotide primers for identification of cladophialophora carrionii, a causative agent of chromoblastomycosis. | cladophialophora carrionii is one of the relatively common causative agents of chromoblastomycosis. we have developed the specific oligonucleotide primer set based on the internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal dna for the rapid identification of this pathogen. pcr with this primer set amplified a 362-bp amplicon from c. carrionii strains. from other relevant dematiaceous species, including medically important dematiaceous fungi, such as fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, and ex ... | 2004 | 14715791 |
| identification of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi and related taxa based on large subunit ribosomal dna d1/d2 domain sequence analysis. | the nucleotide sequences of the d1/d2 domains of large subunit (26s) ribosomal dna for 76 strains of 46 species of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi and related taxa were determined. intra-species sequence diversity of medically important dematiaceous fungi including phialophora verrucosa, fonsecaea pedrosoi, fonsecaea compacta, cladophialophora carrionii, cladophialophora bantiana, exophiala dermatitidis, exophiala jeanselmei, exophiala spinifera, exophiala moniliae, and hortaea werneckii were extr ... | 2004 | 14734185 |
| wdchs4p, a homolog of chitin synthase 3 in saccharomyces cerevisiae, alone cannot support growth of wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis at the temperature of infection. | by using improved transformation methods for wangiella dermatitidis, and a cloned fragment of its chitin synthase 4 structural gene (wdchs4) as a marking sequence, the full-length gene was rescued from the genome of this human pathogenic fungus. the encoded chitin synthase product (wdchs4p) showed high homology with chs3p of saccharomyces cerevisiae and other class iv chitin synthases, and northern blotting showed that wdchs4 was expressed at constitutive levels under all conditions tested. redu ... | 1999 | 10569783 |
| infections of the central nervous system by melanized fungi: a review of cases presented between 1999 and 2004. | several types of infections of the central nervous system by melanized fungi can be distinguished: (a) single-organ infection of the cerebrum, (b) extension into the cerebrum from adjacent cavities, (c) fungal presence in the cerebrospinal fluid, or (d) meningitis. the fungal order chaetothyriales (containing exophiala-like black yeasts and relatives) is particularly rich in fungi causing cerebral infections. cases by the main agents, cladophialophora bantiana, exophiala dermatitidis, and ramich ... | 2004 | 14998393 |
| invasive hyphal growth in wangiella dermatitidis is induced by stab inoculation and shows dependence upon melanin biosynthesis. | stab inoculation of agar medium with yeasts of the human pathogen wangiella dermatitidis resulted in induction of invasive hyphae. mechanical penetration of agar was indicated by the observation that an increase in medium gel strength slowed the rate of substrate invasion. a melanized wild-type strain (8656) exhibited much faster invasive growth through 2-8% agar than three melanin-deficient mutants. inhibition of melanin synthesis in strain 8656 using tricyclazole resulted in a decrease in its ... | 1999 | 10669584 |
| acute cerebral phaeohyphomycosis due to wangiella dermatitidis accompanied by cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia. | we report a case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis due to wangiella dermaitidis in an immunocompetent adult man. his cerebrospinal fluid (csf) showed pleocytosis with a high eosinophil count but without peripheral blood eosinophilia. the present case suggested that this black yeast-like fungus should be included when the causes of csf eosinophilia are considered, even though it is an extremely rare pathogen. | 2000 | 10790129 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of 11 clinical isolates of exophiala species to six antifungal drugs. | the antifungal activities of miconazole, terbinafine, itraconazole, ur 9825, voriconazole and amphotericin b against 11 clinical isolates of exophiala spp. were tested by the broth microdilution method. all drugs were very active against exophiala spp.. the 90% minimal inhibitory concentration (mic90) ranged from 0.125 to 1 microgram ml-1. terbinafine was the most active drug against exophiala spinifera, exophiala dermatitidis and exophiala castellanii and seems to be a promising agent in the tr ... | 2000 | 11036402 |
| phaeohyphomycosis caused by exophiala dermatitidis following intra-articular steroid injection. | a patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis presented with a painful pigmented chronic nodule on the dorsum of the right hand, at the site of intra-articular steroid injections undertaken 5 years previously. histology showed pigmented fungal elements consistent with phaeohyphomycosis. cultures yielded black yeast-like colonies, identified as exophiala dermatitidis and sensitive to itraconazole and amphotericin. a 1-month course of itraconazole resulted in marked clinical improvement but su ... | 1996 | 8949449 |
| beta-glucosylated proteins in the cell wall of the black yeast exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis. | wild-type cells of the pathogenic black yeast exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis grown in a low-ph ascorbate medium became less melanized and less resistant to zymolyase. this was accompanied by increased staining with fluorescently labelled concanavalin a. the sugar composition of wild-type and mutant cell walls was, except for the presence of galactose, similar to that of saccharomyces cerevisiae. digestion of mutant cell walls with laminarinase released galactomannoproteins. in addition, the ... | 1997 | 9168616 |
| black fungi: clinical and pathogenic approaches. | data are presented on the clinically relevant black yeasts and their relatives, i.e., members of the ascomycete order chaetothyriales. in order to understand the pathology of these fungi it is essential to know their natural ecological niche. from a relatively low degree of molecular variability of the black yeast exophiala dermatitidis, potential agent of brain infections in patients from east asia, it is concluded that this species is an emerging pathogen, currently going through a process of ... | 2000 | 11204152 |
| safe specimen preparation for electron microscopy of pathogenic fungi by freeze-substitution after glutaraldehyde fixation. | a safe method is described for observing ultrastructure of highly infectious fungi by ultrathin sectioning electron microscopy. the fungal cells were first chemically fixed by glutaraldehyde to kill them. they were then rapidly frozen by propane slush in liquid nitrogen and freeze-substituted in acetone containing 2% osmium tetroxide. this method gave clear cell images with high resolution in a natural state, close to the image obtained by rapidly frozen freeze-substituted specimen of living cel ... | 2005 | 16094294 |
| a comparison of methods of phenotypic and genotypic fingerprinting of exophiala dermatitidis isolated from sputum samples of patients with cystic fibrosis. | phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 11 strains of exophiala dermatitidis were investigated. ten strains (including three reference strains) were isolated from sputum samples of six patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) in germany, and one reference strain was isolated from a patient with phaeohyphomycosis in japan. the strains showed differences in their ability to assimilate sorbitol, palatinose, rhamnose, gluconate and melezitose, leading to the differentiation of seven auxotypes. the ic3 ... | 1997 | 9291887 |
| wangiella dermatitidis peritonitis in a capd patient. | | 2001 | 11280509 |
| exophiala dermatitidis infection in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. | a 54-year-old female presented with an exacerbation of right middle lobe bronchiectasis. a bronchoscopic bronchial washing and repeated trials of sputum culture consistently recovered no other infectious agent except exophiala dermatitidis. her illness was improved by administrations of intravenous miconazole and nebulized amphotericin b when sputum cultures yielded no fungi, demonstrating a pathogenic role of the fungi. the present case illustrates e. dermatitidis as a pathogenic agent in non-c ... | 2006 | 16626952 |
| exophiala dermatitidis keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. | a 52-year-old man had laser in situ keratomileusis in march 2002 and 2 weeks later had a corneal infection that was found to be caused by exophiala dermatitidis. this infection waxed and waned for 9 months despite therapy with natamycin, itraconazole, and fluconazole but eventually responded to topical amphotericin. he recovered good visual acuity in this eye with a rigid gas-permeable lens. this case shows the importance of selecting the appropriate agent in fungal keratitis. | 2006 | 16698496 |
| characterization of pathogenic fungi genomes using pulsed field gel electrophoresis. | pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) has been firstly introduced in characterization of the pathogenic fungi penicillium marneffei and exophiala dermatitidis genomes. the numbers and sizes of their chromosomes have been detected. polymorphism was identified on the smallest chromosome of e. dermatitidis. the result shows that pfge for characterization of large molecular dna pathogenic fungi is very suitable, it is more simple and more efficacy. the result also shows the diversity of pathogenic ... | 1996 | 9387408 |
| isolation of exophiala dermatitidis from endotracheal aspirate of a cancer patient. | exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis is a melanised (darkly pigmented) yeast-like organism that has been reported from the environment and wild animals. the organism is a frequent coloniser of lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis and causes occasional disseminated phaeohyphomycosis and fungaemia. exophiala dermatitidis is distributed worldwide, but cerebral cases are restricted to east asia. we report a case of 54-year-old qatari female patient with a known history of cancer, suffering from pulm ... | 2006 | 17022769 |
| ionizing radiation changes the electronic properties of melanin and enhances the growth of melanized fungi. | melanin pigments are ubiquitous in nature. melanized microorganisms are often the dominating species in certain extreme environments, such as soils contaminated with radionuclides, suggesting that the presence of melanin is beneficial in their life cycle. we hypothesized that ionizing radiation could change the electronic properties of melanin and might enhance the growth of melanized microorganisms. | 2007 | 17520016 |
| [deep mycosis and lung tumor induced by dark-pigmented micromycetes]. | the authors carried out an experiment on mice infected with dark-pigmented micromicetes aspergillus clavitus and exophiala dermatitidis, preplanted from lung operational material of patients with chronic non-specific lung disease and destructive tuberculosis. the infection was produced by the peroral method in the first group of animals and by the intranasal method in the second group. by day 30 the test animals developed mycotic sepsis, fifty percent of the animals had malignant lung growths (a ... | 2001 | 11692696 |
| epidemiology of central nervous system mycoses. | fungal infections of the central nervous system (cns) were considered rare until the 1970s. this is no longer true in recent years due to widespread use of corticosteroids, cytotoxic drugs and antibiotics. immunocompromised patients with underlying malignancy organ transplantations and acquired immune deficiency syndrome are all candidates for acquiring fungal infections either in meninges or brain. a considerable number of cases of cns fungal infections even in immunocompetent hosts have been r ... | 2007 | 17921647 |
| sputum isolation of wangiella dermatitidis in patients with cystic fibrosis. | we report a case of invasive fungal pulmonary infection in a cystic fibrosis patient. clinical deterioration coincided with isolation of wangiella dermatitidis from her sputum, and treatment with amphotericin b followed by voriconazole resulted in clinical improvement and sterilization of the sputum. this case suggests that w. dermatitidis may be an etiologic agent of invasive pulmonary disease in the cystic fibrosis population. | 2001 | 11728050 |
| [a case of bronchial infection of wangiella dermatitidis]. | a 81-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of bloody sputum. chest radiograph showed an enhanced right pulmonary hilum shadow. computed tomography (ct) revealed localized bronchiectasis of the right lower lung and a nodule protruding into the bronchus. a parenchymal shadow was also seen distal to the nodule. transbronchial biopsy revealed a cluster of yeast-like fungi and the bronchial lavage culture showed several olive-black colored colonies on sabouraud agar. before culture, we ... | 2007 | 18051797 |
| characterization of wdchs3p, a class iii chitin synthase, of wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis, overexpressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the class iii chitin synthase (wdchs3p) of the fungal pathogen of humans wangiella dermatitidis is expressed differentially under stress growth conditions and, together with wdchs2p, it contributes to virulence. however, because this fungus produces four other chitin synthases, and a quadruple disruption strain with only wdchs3p activity has not been derived, we characterized this enzyme further after heterologous expression of the wdchs3 cdna under the regulation of the inducible gal1 promoter ... | 2002 | 12146758 |
| the spindle pole body duplicates in early g1 phase in the pathogenic yeast exophiala dermatitidis: an ultrastructural study. | the spindle pole body of the pathogenic yeast exophiala dermatitidis was observed during the cell cycle using freeze-substitution and serial ultrathin sectioning electron microscopy. the spindle pole body was located on the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope and consisted of two disk elements connected by an intervening midpiece in g1 through g2 phases. each disk element was composed of filamentous materials and measured 150 nm in diameter and 100 nm in thickness. the midpiece had higher ele ... | 2002 | 12213215 |
| development of a novel pcr assay for the identification of the black yeast, exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis from adult patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). | cystic fibrosis (cf) patients may suffer increased morbidity and mortality through colonisation, allergy and invasive infection from fungi. the black yeast, exophiala dermatitidis (synonym wangiella dermatitidis) has been found with increasing frequency in sputum specimens of cf patients, with reported isolation rates ranging from 1.1 to 15.7%. at present, no diagnostic pcr exists to aid with the clinical laboratory detection and identification of this organism. a novel species-specific pcr-base ... | 2008 | 18571996 |
| compensatory expression of five chitin synthase genes, a response to stress stimuli, in wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis, a melanized fungal pathogen of humans. | numerous chitin synthase structural (chs) genes have been identified in fungi, and usually there are several chs genes per species. compensatory expression of one chs gene in response to defects in other chs genes has not been reported. five chitin synthase structural (wdchs) genes have been identified in the melanized human pathogen wangiella dermatitidis: wdchs1, wdchs2, wdchs3, wdchs4 and wdchs5. this study showed that increased wdchs expression existed as a compensatory mechanism in response ... | 2002 | 12213927 |
| phaeohyphomycosis caused by exophiala species in immunocompromised hosts. | exophiala species are rarely implicated in clinical diseases. in the past 2 years, we have treated phaeohyphomycosis caused by exophiala species in three immunocompromised patients. two of these patients presented with subcutaneous abscess or cutaneous verrucous lesions due to exophiala jeanselmei. the former, an 81-year-old woman, had pulmonary tuberculosis and the latter, a 62-year-old man, had undergone heart transplantation and was receiving immunosuppressive treatment. the third patient, a ... | 2002 | 12353348 |
| analyses of phagocytosis, evoked oxidative burst, and killing of black yeasts by human neutrophils: a tool for estimating their pathogenicity? | the pathogenicity of several dematiaceous yeasts that have, to date, rarely been isolated in humans remains unclear. because professional phagocytes are prominent in lesions caused by dematiaceous fungi, we address this issue by comparing phagocytosis, evoked oxidative burst and killing by human neutrophils of different black yeasts in vitro. whereas phagocytosis of all black yeasts tested and evoked oxidative burst yielded comparable results, in contrast, the degree of killing differed signific ... | 2003 | 12627799 |
| occurrence and relevance of filamentous fungi in respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis--a review. | the colonization of airways by filamentous fungi and the development of respiratory infections require some predisposing factors as encountered in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). indeed, the defective mucociliary clearance which characterizes the disease is associated with local immunological disorders. in addition, the prolonged therapy with antibiotics and the use of corticosteroid treatments also facilitate fungal growth. an important fungal biota has been described in respiratory secreti ... | 2009 | 19107638 |
| molecular diversity of oligotrophic and neurotropic members of the black yeast genus exophiala, with accent on e. dermatitidis. | analysis of its rdna of the black yeast exophiala dermatitidis revealed a close phylogenetic relationship to the meristematic fungus sarcinomyces phaeomuriformis. as most strains of s. phaeomuriformis have a yeast-like phenotype corresponding to the anamorph genus exophiala, a new combination in exophiala is proposed. on the basis of its sequence, m-13 fingerprint and ssu intron data, two main entities could be distinguished within e. dermatitidis. one of these (b) contained prevalently strains ... | 2003 | 12777065 |
| quantitative three-dimensional structural analysis of exophiala dermatitidis yeast cells by freeze-substitution and serial ultrathin sectioning. | the morphologies, numbers, sizes and volumes of all organelles and cell components identified on ultrathin sections of aerobically grown exponential phase yeast cells of exophiala dermatitidis in g1 phase were examined by freeze-substitution fixation and serial ultrathin sectioning. the cell wall consisted of three layers and occupied approximately 22% of the cell volume. the nucleus was approximately 1.8 microm in diameter and occupied approximately 7% of the cell volume. there was only one nuc ... | 2003 | 12868584 |
| peritonitis due to the dermatiaceous mold exophiala dermatitidis complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. | exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis is a dermatiaceous mold that is an occasional cause of infection in the immunocompromised. we report a case of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis probably due to environmental contamination with this organism. prompt catheter removal and aggressive treatment with amphotericin b allowed an eventual return to peritoneal dialysis. | 2003 | 12925114 |
| the spindle pole body of the pathogenic yeast exophiala dermatitidis: variation in morphology and positional relationship to the nucleolus and the bud in interphase cells. | the spindle pole body (spb) in the interphase cell of the pathogenic yeast exophiala dermatitidis was studied in detail. the spb was located on the outer nuclear envelope and was 342 +/- 86 nm long in a haploid strain. it consisted of two disk elements that measured 151 +/- 43 nm in diameter and 103 +/- 17 nm in thickness, connected by a rod-shaped midpiece that measured 56 +/- 20 nm in length and 37 +/- 9 nm in diameter. there were considerable variations in size and morphology of interphase sp ... | 2003 | 14629121 |
| epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and therapy of infections caused by dematiaceous fungi. | the dematiaceous (brown-pigmented) fungi are a large and heterogenous group of moulds that cause a wide range of diseases including phaeohyphomycosis, chromoblastomycosis, and eumycotic mycetoma. among the more important human pathogens are alternaria species, bipolaris species, cladophialophora bantiana, curvularia species, exophiala species, fonsecaea pedrosoi, madurella species, phialophora species, scedosporium prolificans, scytalidium dimidiatum, and wangiella dermatitidis. these organisms ... | 2003 | 14708965 |
| liver cirrhosis caused by exophiala dermatitidis. | we report a case of liver cirrhosis caused by exophiala dermatitidis in a previously healthy child. the infecting organism was initially mistaken as capsule-deficient cryptococcus neoformans. | 2009 | 19369532 |
| wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis wdchs5p, a class v chitin synthase, is essential for sustained cell growth at temperature of infection. | the chitin synthase structural gene wdchs5 was isolated from the black fungal pathogen of humans wangiella dermatitidis. sequence analysis revealed that the gene has a myosin motor-like-encoding region at its 5' end and a chitin synthase (class v)-encoding region at its 3' end. northern blotting showed that wdchs5 is expressed at high levels under conditions of stress. analysis of the 5' upstream region of wdchs5 fused to a reporter gene indicated that one or more of the potential regulatory ele ... | 2004 | 14871935 |
| cerebral phaeohyphomycosis--a cure at what lengths? | cerebral phaeohyphomycosis is a fungal infection of the brain typically caused by cladophialophora bantiana, exophiala dermatitidis, and rhinocladiella mackenziei, all of which belong to the order chaetothyriales. the disease results in black, necrotic brain tissue, black pus, and black cerebrospinal fluid. pathogens usually reach the brain through the bloodstream or lymphatic fluid and occasionally through direct spreading or accidental inoculation. patients can present with hemiparesis, tonic ... | 2009 | 19467477 |
| in vitro activity of anidulafungin against selected clinically important mold isolates. | in this study, we evaluated the in vitro activity of anidulafungin against selected mold isolates. anidulafungin showed promising activity against bipolaris spicifera, exophiala jeanselmei, fonsecaea pedrosoi, madurella mycetomatis, penicillium marneffei, phialophora verrucosa, pseudallescheria boydii, sporothrix schenckii, and wangiella dermatitidis. | 2004 | 15105159 |
| posaconazole therapy of disseminated phaeohyphomycosis in a murine model. | immunocompetent (nu/+) and athymic (nu/nu) balb/c mice were infected intravenously with wangiella dermatitidis and treated with posaconazole. posaconazole reduced the counts in tissues and prolonged survival. of particular interest, posaconazole reduced the counts of this neurotropic pathogen in the brain. | 2004 | 15155236 |
| isolation of fungi, especially exophiala dermatitidis, in patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. a prospective study. | patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) are at an increased risk of pulmonary colonisation by opportunistic micro-organisms. using specialised methods, the black yeast exophiala dermatitidis could consistently be cultured from cf patients. isolation rates from sputum samples ranged between 1.8 and 15.7%. occasionally, infection could be recognised. | 2004 | 15316209 |
| intestinal prevalence of the neurotropic black yeast exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis in healthy and impaired individuals. | a screening of 2300 samples of faeces from humans with and without underlying disease revealed that the black yeast exophiala dermatitidis is present at a frequency of 5.2 per thousand (n=12). eight individuals positive for the fungus had diarrhoea at the moment of its isolation, out of 11 where relevant information was available. judging from repeated isolation over several weeks in one patient, the organism is able to persist in the human intestinal tract. | 2005 | 15743434 |
| rapid screening for genotypes as possible markers of virulence in the neurotropic black yeast exophiala dermatitidis using pcr-rflp. | a simple method for fungal genotype screening was developed for the black yeast exophiala dermatitidis based on rflp of ribosomal its regions currently used as potential virulence markers. in a study set of 502 strains of the species, two main genotypes were recognized. only 0.97% of lanes were difficult to interpret as they did not clearly present one of the expected genotypes. twenty strains were deviating and proved to be e. spinifera after sequencing. eight common, related species (based on ... | 2010 | 19961882 |
| central venous catheter-associated fungemia due to wangiella dermatitidis. | central venous catheter-related wangiella dermatitidis infection has been increasingly reported in the recent literature. we report a case of central venous catheter (port-a-cath)-related fungemia caused by w. dermatitidis in a 58-year-old woman with lung cancer. two w. dermatitidis isolates were recovered from 2 blood samples drawn from a peripheral vein and the port-a-cath 4 months after its placement. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 2 isolates to fluconazole and amphotericin b using ... | 2005 | 15765168 |
| dematiaceous fungi. | dematiaceous fungi are the etiologic agents of phaeohyphomycosis and are increasingly recognized as causing disease in humans. a wide variety of infectious syndromes are seen, from local infections due to trauma to widely disseminated infection in immunocompromised patients. pulmonary disease may be divided into allergic bronchopulmonary and nonallergic syndromes, depending on the species. these fungi have unique pathogenic mechanisms owing to the presence of melanin in their cell walls, which i ... | 2004 | 16088461 |
| [electron microscopy of spindle pole bodies in pathogenic fungi]. | morphology and dynamics of the spindle pole bodies (spbs) in exophiala dermatitidis and cryptococcus neoformans were examined by freeze-substitution and serial ultrathin sectioning electron microscopy. the spbs showed double forms and were located on the nuclear envelope in g1 phase, entered the nuclear membrane or the periphery of nucleus in m phase, and appeared to duplicate in early g1 phase in these yeasts. thus, the spbs in these yeasts are clearly different from those of saccharomyces cere ... | 2010 | 20185865 |
| occurrence and diversity of yeasts in the mid-atlantic ridge hydrothermal fields near the azores archipelago. | the yeast community associated with deep-sea hydrothermal systems of the mid-atlantic rift was surveyed for the first time. this study relied on a culture-based approach using two different growth media: a conventional culture medium for yeasts supplemented with sea salts (mypss) and the same medium additionally supplemented with sulfur (mypsss). for the evaluation of species diversity, a molecular approach involving minisatellite-primed polymerase chain reaction (msp-pcr) strain typing and sequ ... | 2005 | 16328655 |
| wdchs1p, a class ii chitin synthase, is more responsible than wdchs2p (class i) for normal yeast reproductive growth in the polymorphic, pathogenic fungus wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis. | the chitin synthase gene wdchs1 was isolated from a partial genomic dna library of the pathogenic polymorphic fungus wangiella dermatitidis. sequencing showed that wdchs1 encoded a class ii chitin synthase composed of 988 amino acids. disruption of wdchs1 produced strains that were hyperpigmented in rich media, grew as yeast at wild-type rates at both 25 and 37 degrees c and were as virulent as the wild type in a mouse model. however, detailed morphological and cytological studies of the wdchs1d ... | 2006 | 16544168 |
| effects of disrupting the polyketide synthase gene wdpks1 in wangiella [exophiala] dermatitidis on melanin production and resistance to killing by antifungal compounds, enzymatic degradation, and extremes in temperature. | wangiella dermatitidis is a human pathogenic fungus that is an etiologic agent of phaeohyphomycosis. w. dermatitidis produces a black pigment that has been identified as a dihydroxynaphthalene melanin and the production of this pigment is associated with its virulence. cell wall pigmentation in w. dermatitidis depends on the wdpks1 gene, which encodes a polyketide synthase required for generating the key precursor for dihydroxynaphthalene melanin biosynthesis. | 2006 | 16784529 |
| wdstuap, an apses transcription factor, is a regulator of yeast-hyphal transitions in wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis. | apses transcription factors are well-known regulators of fungal cellular development and differentiation. to study the function of an apses protein in the fungus wangiella dermatitidis, a conidiogenous and polymorphic agent of human phaeohyphomycosis with yeast predominance, the apses transcription factor gene wdstua was cloned, sequenced, disrupted, and overexpressed. analysis showed that its derived protein was most similar to the apses proteins of other conidiogenous molds and had its apses d ... | 2007 | 17693595 |
| antifungal therapies in murine disseminated phaeohyphomycoses caused by exophiala species. | we have evaluated the efficacy of posaconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin b in murine models of disseminated infection caused by exophiala spp. | 2010 | 20488983 |
| detection of hyphomycetes in the upper respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis. | the respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis patients is colonised by bacteria and fungi. although colonisation by slow growing fungi such as pseudallescheria, scedosporium and exophiala species has been studied previously, the colonisation rate differs from study to study. infections caused by these fungi have been recognised, especially after lung transplants. monitoring of respiratory tract colonisation in cystic fibrosis patients includes the use of several semi-selective culture media to detect ... | 2010 | 20492536 |
| comparison of fungi found in bathrooms and sinks. | to identify the pathogenic fungi present in bathrooms, the growth of fungi collected from the drains of bathrooms was studied at various temperatures and compared with that of fungi from kitchen sink drains. only a small number of fungi from bathrooms and sinks grew on media incubated at 37 degrees c, at which temperature the fungal count was about 1/600 of that at 25 degrees c. although hot water is used more frequently in bathrooms than in sinks, the fungal counts at 37 degrees c were similar ... | 2010 | 20616432 |
| transcription and expression analyses of wdchs5, which encodes a class v chitin synthase with a myosin motor-like domain in wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis. | wdchs5p in wangiella dermatitidis is a class v chitin synthase that is required for sustained cell growth at the temperature of infection (37 degrees c) and its encoding gene, wdchs5, has a differential expression feature. nuclear run-on and mrna stability assays showed that increased wdchs5 mrna synthesis was the major factor responsible for the increased wdchs5 transcript at 37 degrees c. epitope tagging of wdchs5p in w. dermatitidis showed that the wdchs5p-myc protein had a differential expre ... | 2007 | 17937668 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of wdtup1, a gene that encodes a potential transcriptional repressor important for yeast-hyphal transitions in wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis. | the general transcriptional repressor tup1p is known to influence cell development in many fungi. to determine whether the tup1p ortholog (wdtup1p) of wangiella dermatitidis also influences cellular development in this melanized, polymorphic human pathogen, the gene (wdtup1) that encodes this transcription factor was isolated, sequenced and disrupted. phylogenetic analysis showed that the wdtup1p sequence was closely related to homologues in other polymorphic, conidiogenous fungi. disruption of ... | 2008 | 18061494 |
| [in vivo activity of liposomal amphotericin b against exophiala dermatitidis in a murine lethal infection model]. | this study evaluated the in vivo activity of liposomal amphotericin b (l-amb) and deoxycholate amphotericin b (d-amb) in a murine model of disseminated infection caused by exophiala dermatitidis. cyclophosphamide-treated neutropenic ddy mice were inoculated intravenously with conidial suspensions of e. dermatitidis ifm 4827 or ifm 53409. the maximum tolerated doses of l-amb and d-amb were set at 10 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg, respectively. four hours after infection, a single dose of l-amb (0.3 to 10 mg/ ... | 2010 | 20976882 |
| [phaeohyphomicosis by wangiella dermatitidis in republic argentine.]. | we are presenting the case of a 54 year-old woman, who had a kidney transplant. she came to our laboratory to consult for two cutaneous lesions: a cystic one at the back of her right leg and one localized on dorsum of left forearm. biopsies of both lesions were performed for a histopathologic study as well as microbiological (both bacteriologic and mycologic) cultures. the histopathologic study showed a lesion compatible with a b type cutaneous lymphoma in the lesion in her leg, while in the myc ... | 1999 | 18473581 |
| new biosynthetic step in the melanin pathway of wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis: evidence for 2-acetyl-1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene as a novel precursor. | the predominant cell wall melanin of wangiella dermatitidis, a black fungal pathogen of humans, is synthesized from 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (d2hn). an early precursor, 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene (t4hn), in the pathway leading to d2hn is reportedly produced directly as a pentaketide by an iterative type i polyketide synthase (pks). in contrast, the bluish-green pigment in aspergillus fumigatus is produced after the enzyme ayg1p converts the pks product, the heptaketide ywa1, to t4hn. previo ... | 2008 | 18676950 |
| molecular genetic studies of the model dematiaceous pathogen wangiella dermatitidis. | the rapidly improving molecular genetic tractability of wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis significantly enhances its usefulness as a model for the more than 100 other dematiaceous (melanized) agents of human disease. previously this model was based almost exclusively on its vegetative polymorphism, which at the simplest level is expressed as three well-characterized modes of growth (e.g., blastic, apical and isotropic) that produce myriad yeast, hyphal and sclerotic phenotypes. this cellular pl ... | 2002 | 12452284 |
| successful treatment of invasive stomatitis due to exophiala dermatitidis in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. | although the most common orofacial fungal infection in immunocompromised patients is candidosis, infections caused by virulent molds, such as aspergillus spp. and furarium spp. are being recognized with increasing frequency. we report a case of oral exophiala infection in a 39-year-old woman with acute myeloid leukemia. | 2003 | 12558959 |
| systemic phaeohyphomycosis due to exophiala (wangiella) in an immunocompetent child. | we report a rare case of systemic lymphadenitis and hepatic involvement due to exophiala (wangiella) dermatitidis in a pediatric patient. an 8-year-old immunocompetent boy with chronic fever was examined through the use of sonography and ct scan which demonstrated cervical and mesenteric lymph node enlargement and numerous small hepatic lesions. the etiologic agent was isolated by means of lymph node aspiration. the fungus was identified by its morphological characteristics and through dna seque ... | 2009 | 19184769 |
| bioproduction and anticancer activity of biosurfactant produced by the dematiaceous fungus exophiala dermatitidis sk80. | a new biosurfactant producer was isolated from palm-oilcontaminated soil and later identified through morphology and dna sequencing as the yeast-like fungus exophiala dermatitidis. biosurfactant production was catalyzed by vegetable oil, supplemented with a basal medium. the culture conditions that provided the biosurfactant with the highest surface activity were found to be 5% palm oil with 0.08% nh4no3, at a ph of 5.3, with shaking at 200 rpm, and a temperature of 30 degrees c for a 14-day per ... | 2010 | 21193821 |
| phaeohyphomycosis of the central nervous system caused by exophiala dermatitidis in a 3-year-old immunocompetent host. | an extremely rare case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis caused by exophiala dermatitidis is reported. we described an otherwise healthy young child whose presentation was a progressive intracranial hypertension and paraplegia, accompanied by urine retention and constipation. his blood test showed eosinophilia with the proportion of eosinophilic cell up to 28%. a computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and the spinal cord revealed multiple lesions. a cerebral biopsy was perfo ... | 2009 | 19258294 |
| high rate of exophiala dermatitidis recovery in the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis is associated with pancreatic insufficiency. | the black-pigmented fungus exophiala dermatitidis is considered to be a harmless colonizer of the airways of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. the aim of this study was to establish the recovery rate of e. dermatitidis in respiratory specimens from cf patients, transplant recipients, and subjects with other respiratory disorders in sweden. second, we wished to determine if particular clinical traits were associated with e. dermatitidis colonization of the airways and the antifungal susceptibility p ... | 2011 | 21209163 |
| recovery of melanized yeasts from eastern mediterranean beach sand associated with the prevailing geochemical and marine flora patterns. | the melanized opportunistic pathogens exophiala dermatitidis (chaetothyriales) and aureobasidium pullulans (dothideales) were sporadically isolated from beach sand. this is the first time they are reported from bathing beach sand, thus providing updates on the conditions influencing the in situ black yeast community structure and raising public health concerns. | 2010 | 19274597 |
| a rock-inhabiting ancestor for mutualistic and pathogen-rich fungal lineages. | rock surfaces are unique terrestrial habitats in which rapid changes in the intensity of radiation, temperature, water supply and nutrient availability challenge the survival of microbes. a specialised, but diverse group of free-living, melanised fungi are amongst the persistent settlers of bare rocks. multigene phylogenetic analyses were used to study relationships of ascomycetes from a variety of substrates, with a dataset including a broad sampling of rock dwellers from different geographical ... | 2008 | 19287533 |
| successful treatment of intra-abdominal exophiala dermatitidis infection in a dog. | | 2011 | 21493558 |
| the neurotropic black yeast exophiala dermatitidis has a possible origin in the tropical rain forest. | the black yeast exophiala dermatitidis is known as a rare etiologic agent of neurotropic infections in humans, occurring particularly in east and southeast asia. in search of its natural habitat, a large sampling was undertaken in temperate as well as in tropical climates. sampling sites were selected on the basis of the origins of previously isolated strains, and on the basis of physiological properties of the species, which also determined a selective isolation protocol. the species was absent ... | 2008 | 19287537 |
| immunoaffinity purification of the class v chitin synthase of wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis. | the class v chitin synthase is unique because it has a myosin motor-like domain fused to its catalytic domain. the biochemical properties of this enzyme and its function remain undefined beyond the knowledge that it is the only single chitin synthase required for sustained cell growth at elevated temperatures and, consequently, virulence. this report describes our successful efforts to isolate and purify an active and soluble form of the enzyme from the cell membranes of wangiella by using a spe ... | 2009 | 19431044 |
| roles of the ph signaling transcription factor pacc in wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis. | to study the function of the pacc transcription factor in wangiella dermatitidis, a black, polymorphic fungal pathogen of humans with yeast-phase predominance, the pacc gene was cloned, sequenced, disrupted and expressed. three zinc finger dna-binding motifs were found at the n-terminus, and a signaling protease cleavage site at the c-terminus. pacc was more expressed at neutral-alkaline ph than at acidic ph. truncation at about 40 residues of the coding sequence upstream of the conserved protea ... | 2009 | 19501183 |
| lc-ms method for screening unknown microbial carotenoids and isoprenoid quinones. | the structure of secondary metabolites from microorganisms provides a useful tool for microbial characterization and chemotaxonomic classification. microbial isoprenoid quinones, for example, are well described and used to distinguish among photosynthetic microorganism groups. in addition, isoprenoid quinones can also be found, together with carotenoids, in non-photosynthetic microorganisms. the aim of the present study was to develop a lc-ms/ms method which can analyze and identify these microb ... | 2012 | 22036764 |
| systemic phaeohyphomycosis resembling primary sclerosing cholangitis caused by exophiala dermatitidis. | exophiala dermatitidis, one of the saprophytic dematiaceous fungi, is a cause of local and disseminated phaeohyphomycosis. we report a case of systemic phaeohyphomycosis resembling sclerosing cholangitis caused by e. dermatitidis in a 24-year-old woman. | 2009 | 19528179 |
| comparison of techniques to examine the diversity of fungi in adult patients with cystic fibrosis. | this study compares conventional and molecular techniques for the detection of fungi in 77 adult cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. three different methods were investigated, i.e., (1) conventional microbiological culture (including yeasts and filamentous fungi), (2) mycological culture with cf-derived fungal specific culture media, and (3) non-culture and direct dna extraction from patient sputa. fungi isolated from environmental air samples of the cf unit were compared to fungi in sputa from cf pa ... | 2010 | 19672783 |
| isolation and antifungal susceptibility of exophiala dermatitidis isolates from human stool samples in nigeria. | we screened a total of 460 stool samples from humans with and without underlying disease for the black yeast and neurotrope, exophiala dermatitidis using conventional and molecular identification procedures. sixteen (3.5%) samples were positive. twelve out of the sixteen positive samples where the fungus was recovered were from individuals who had diarrhoea at the moment of isolation. two asymptomatic positive cases were within the age bracket of 21-30. susceptibility testing of the strains usin ... | 2010 | 19838817 |
| bioconversion of 2,6-dimethylpyridine to 6-methylpicolinic acid by exophiala dermatitidis (kano) de hoog da5501 cells grown on n-dodecane. | alkane-assimilating microorganisms were isolated from enrichment cultures using n-octane, n-dodecane, n-hexadecane, or pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane) as a sole carbon source to find microbial catalysts oxidizing methyl groups of 2,6-dimethylpyridine. the cells of exophiala dermatitidis (kano) de hoog da5501, an n-dodecane-assimilating fungus, oxidized a single methyl group of 2,6-dimethylpyridine to produce 6-methylpicolinic acid (6-methylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid) without the form ... | 2010 | 20082073 |
| comparative virulence of three species of exophiala in mice. | the virulence of exophiala dermatitidis, e. oligosperma and e. xenobiotica, three of the most common members of the genus that cause human infections, was evaluated using experimental models of disseminated infection in immunocompromised mice. exophiala dermatitidis, and to a lesser extent e. oligosperma, were the two species causing the highest mortality, while mice infected with e. xenobiotica had the lowest mortality. tissue burden and histopathology studies demonstrated the neurotropism of e ... | 2010 | 20144129 |