Publications

variation in primary sequence and tandem repeat copy number among i-antigens of ichthyophthirius multifiliis.	the immobilization antigens (i-antigens) of ichthyophthirius multifiliis are potential vaccine candidates for the prevention of 'white spot' disease in freshwater fish. these antigens vary with respect to antigenicity and molecular mass, and at least five i-antigen serotypes have been identified among parasite isolates thus far. in previous studies, the gene and corresponding cdna encoding a approximately 48 kda i-antigen from parasite isolate g1 (serotype a), had been cloned and sequenced. we n ...	2002	11849709
the use of synthetic genes for the expression of ciliate proteins in heterologous systems.	the common fish parasite, ichthyophthirius multifiliis, expresses abundant glycosylated phosphatidylinositol (gpi)-anchored membrane proteins known as immobilization antigens, or i-antigens. these proteins are targets of the host immune response, and have been identified as potential candidates for recombinant subunit vaccine development. nevertheless, because ichthyophthirius utilizes a non-standard genetic code, expression of the corresponding gene products, either as subunit antigens in conve ...	2002	12034497
comparing tolerance of ichthyophthirius multifiliis and tetrahymena thermophila for new cryopreservation methods.	ichthyophthirius multifiliis is an obligate protozoan parasite of freshwater fishes that has a complex developmental cycle. it has not been successfully cryopreserved, so management studies are restricted to parasites obtained during outbreaks or perpetuated by passage in live fishes. to overcome this serious limitation, free-swimming i. multifiliis parasites were tested in a cryopreservation protocol routinely used for a related ciliate, tetrahymena. in this protocol, i. multifiliis theronts re ...	2002	12053978
immunisation of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, with ichthyophthirius multifiliis immobilisation antigens elicits serotype-specific protection.	surface immobilisation antigens (i-antigens) were purified from two strains of ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ny1 and g5) that represent different i-antigen serotypes, namely a and d, respectively. the efficacy of the purified antigens as subunit vaccines was then tested in challenge studies using parasites of the homologous or heterologous serotype. three groups of juvenile channel catfish (70 animals per group) were immunised with i-antigens from either the g5 or ny1 isolates, or with bovine se ...	2002	12458741
parasitic infections in live freshwater tropical fishes imported to korea.	we examined 15 species of ornamental tropical fishes originating from southeast asia to determine the cause of losses among 8 fish farms in korea. a total of 351 individuals belonging to 5 different families (1 species of characidae, 6 of cichlidae, 3 of cyprinidae, 1 of heleostomatidae, and 4 of poecilidae) were collected for the purpose of detecting metazoan and protozoan parasites. parasites were fixed and stained using routine methods, and identified. we found 3 ciliates, 2 monogeneans, 1 ne ...	2002	12542094
occurrence of ichthyophthirius multifiliis within the peritoneal cavities of infected channel catfish ictalurus punctatus.	ichthyophthirius multifiliis is a ciliated protozoan parasite that infects the skin and gills of freshwater fish. this report describes the unusual finding of i. multifiliis within the peritoneal cavities of experimentally infected channel catfish ictalurus punctatus. twenty catfish fingerlings were exposed to i. multifiliis theronts using a standardized protocol. five infected fish and 2 control fish were killed at various time points after infection and their tissues examined. formalin-fixed, ...	2001	11253873
the i-antigens of ichthyophthirius multifiliis are gpi-anchored proteins.	the parasitic ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis has abundant surface membrane proteins (i-antigens) that when clustered, trigger rapid, premature exit from the host. similar antigens are present in free-living ciliates and are gpi-anchored in both paramecium and tetrahymena. although transmembrane signalling through gpi-anchored proteins has been well-documented in metazoan cells, comparable phenomena have yet to be described in protists. since premature exit of ichthyophthirius is likely to ...	2001	11411842
effect of lectins on the invasion of ichthyophthirius theront to channel catfish tissue.	this study determined the effects of lectin binding to theronts of ichthyophthirius multifiliis on theront immobilization, invasion, trophont development and survival in channel catfish ictalurus punctatus excised fins in vitro. soybean agglutinin (sba), lentil agglutinin (lca), gorse agglutinin (uea-i) and wheat germ agglutinin (wga) were used to treat theronts. percentages of theronts immobilized by 4 lectins ranged from 12.0 to 19.4% at a concentration of 1000 microg ml(-1). these lectins bou ...	2001	11463098
host responses against the fish parasitizing ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis.	recent studies have shown that fish are able to mount protective immune responses against various parasites. one of the best characterized parasite-host system in this context is the ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ich) parasitizing a range of freshwater fishes. both specific and non-specific host defence mechanisms are responsible for the protection of fish against challenge infections with this ciliate. the specific humoral components comprise at least specific antibodies. the non-specif ...	2001	11522410
characterization of histone h3/h4 gene region and phylogenetic affinity of ichthyophthirius multifiliis based on h4 dna sequence variation.	we sequenced the amino-terminal third of the histone h3 and h4 genes and the intergenic region from ichthyophthirius multifiliis. fourteen recombinant clones of 646 bp were sequenced and the level of sequence variation detected among these clones was similar to that reported among closely related species of tetrahymena and to levels of sequence variation detected within other ciliates. the intergenic region is 417 bp and approximately 92% at rich, making it the longest and most at-rich ciliate h ...	2000	10712850
associations between epidermal thionin-positive cells and skin parasitic infections in brown trout salmo trutta.	the dynamics of the densities of epidermal thionin-positive cells (putative mast cells) in the skin of brown trout fry were investigated during experimental infections with the skin parasites ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ciliophora) and gyrodactylus derjavini (monogenea). it was shown that the metachromatic thionin-stained cells were extremely sensitive to parasite exposure, as the density of cells in the skin of trout decreased markedly after exposure to the pathogens. as early as 7 d post inf ...	2000	10918981
prolonged in vitro cultivation of ichthyophthirius multifiliis using an epc cell line as substrate.	the ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis, which normally requires a fish host to develop from the theront stage to the trophont stage, was cultivated in vitro for part of its life cycle. experiments were conducted using a laboratory strain of the parasite originally isolated from rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss in a danish trout farm. theronts escaping from tomontocysts were kept in water, cell culture media (e-mem or l-15), or cultures of epc (epithelioma papulosum cyprini) cells in plastic t ...	2000	11104073
the gene for an abundant parasite coat protein predicts tandemly repetitive metal binding domains.	immobilization antigens are highly abundant surface membrane proteins that coat the surface of hymenostomatid ciliates. while their function is unknown, recent studies with the common fish parasite, ichthyophthirius multifiliis, suggest their involvement in a novel mechanism of humoral immunity involving an effect of antibody on parasite behavior. to gain further insight into the nature of these proteins, we have cloned a gene encoding the 48kda i-antigen of i. multifiliis. analysis of the gene ...	1999	10095108
experimental infection of striped marshfrog tadpoles (limnodynastes peronii) by ichthyophthirius multifiliis.	ichthyophthirius multifiliis, or white spot, is a well known and widely distributed parasite of freshwater fish. however, it is not know whether it can infect other aquatic vertebrates such as amphibians. this study uses a series of laboratory-based experiments to demonstrate that i. multifiliis can infect the tadpole stage of an amphibian, the striped marshfrog (limnodynastes peronii) of eastern australia. the tadpoles did not appear to develop ichthyophthiriasis at low parasite levels (200 par ...	1999	10386457
ichthyophthiriasis in carp cyprinus carpio: infectivity of trophonts prematurely exiting both the immune and non-immune host.	ichthyophthirius multifiliis exposed to naturally immunised carp established short-term infections, the majority of parasites actively emerging within 2 h of entering the epidermis. a small, but significant, number of these expelled parasites were shown to retain theront-like properties with the capacity to directly re-invade a further fish host. infectivity fell rapidly with time in the host and was comparable to that of trophonts of a similar age artificially induced to emerge from non-immune ...	1999	10401585
parasites in cultured and feral fish.	parasites, causing little apparent damage in feral fish populations, may become causative agents of diseases of great importance in farmed fish, leading to pathological changes, decrease of fitness or reduction of the market value of fish. despite considerable progress in fish parasitology in the last decades, major gaps still exist in the knowledge of taxonomy, biology, epizootiology and control of fish parasites, including such 'evergreens' as the ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a causat ...	1999	10456421
partial cross protection against ichthyophthirius multifiliis in gyrodactylus derjavini immunized rainbow trout.	partial cross protection against a skin-parasitic ciliate has been recorded in rainbow trout previously immunized with an ectoparasitic platyhelminth. the susceptibility to infection by ichthyophthirius multifiliis differed significantly between naive and gyrodactylus derjavini immunized rainbow trout. fish partly immune to the ectoparasitic monogenean g. derjavini became less infected and experienced lower mortality than naive fish when exposed to i. multifiliis infections. in vitro studies on ...	1999	10526411
chemoattraction of ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ciliophora) theronts to host molecules.	mechanisms in the host-finding process of ichthyophthirius multifiliis were studied in vitro by a novel bioassay using 24-well multidishes supplied with bottom layers of agar with chemoattractants. it was shown that low molecular weight molecules (carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, urea) did not attract theronts. in contrast, sera and mucus from a range of teleosts (including marine fish) were effective attractants. fractionation by gel filtration of fish serum allowed determination of the ...	1999	10579427
surface display of a parasite antigen in the ciliate tetrahymena thermophila.	the ciliated protozoan, tetrahymena thermophila, offers an attractive medium for the expression of heterologous proteins and could prove particularly useful for the display of foreign proteins on the cell surface. although progress has been made in transformation of tetrahymena with heterologous dna, methods that permit reliable expression of foreign genes have been lacking. using a mutant strain of t. thermophila carrying a negatively selectable allele of a beta-tubulin gene, we have been able ...	1999	10331805
theronts of ichthyophthirius multifiliis find their fish hosts with complex behavior patterns and in response to different chemical signals.	how parasites find and recognize fish hosts is best known for trematode cercariae. these multicellular organisms respond with complex behavior patterns to sequences of different chemical host signals, although these invasive stages are produced in large numbers. however, little is known on the host-finding of protozoan parasites. we therefore studied how the infective theronts of i. multifiliis find their fish hosts by offering them various fractions and chemical modifications of fish skin surfa ...	1998	10622630
ichthyophthirius multifiliis: a model of cutaneous infection and immunity in fishes.	the parasitic ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis offers a useful system for the study of cutaneous immunity against an infectious microorganism. naive fish usually die following infection, but animals surviving sublethal parasite exposure become resistant to subsequent challenge. this resistance correlates with the presence of humoral antibodies in the sera and cutaneous mucus of immune fish. a mechanism of immunity has recently been elucidated that involves antibody binding to surface protein ...	1998	9914927
epizootiology of protozoans in farmed salmonids at northern latitudes.	protozoan ectoparasites were examined in a northern salmonid fish farm over a 10-year period, june 1984-may 1994, by the same researcher, with similar catching and sampling procedures throughout. husbandry procedures remained constant during the study, e.g., fingerlings were kept in steel tanks and yearlings in both steel tanks and earth ponds. ichthyobodo necator, chilodonella hexasticha and ichthyophthirius multifiliis infections were treated with formalin, salt and malachite green-formalin ba ...	1997	9076534
immunization against parasitic diseases of fish.	parasitologists have not, in the past, exploited the immune system to protect fish against parasitic diseases. in the past few years, however, there has been an increased interest in adopting this strategy, and we have made steady and promising progress against a few parasites which are of economic importance. amyloodinium ocellatum is an ectoparasitic dinoflagellate on brackish and marine fishes, which may also cause problems to aquarium fishes. antiserum from fish inoculated intraperitoneally ...	1997	9270852
antibody-mediated effects on parasite behavior: evidence of a novel mechanism of immunity against a parasitic protist.	the parasitic ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis is well known in commercial aquaculture as the etiological agent of 'white spot', a disease that afflicts a wide range of fresh-water fish. while ichthyophthirius is highly pathogenic, animals exposed to controlled infections develop a strong acquired resistance to the parasite. recent studies suggest host resistance involves a novel mechanism of humoral immunity affecting parasite behavior. rather than being killed, parasites are forced to exit ...	1997	15275136
surface antigen cross-linking triggers forced exit of a protozoan parasite from its host.	we used the common fish pathogen ichthyophthirius multifiliis as a model for studying interactions between parasitic ciliates and their vertebrate hosts. although highly pathogenic, ichthyophthirius can elicit a strong protective immune response in fish after exposure to controlled infections. to investigate the mechanisms underlying host resistance, a series of passive immunization experiments were carried out using mouse monoclonal antibodies against a class of surface membrane proteins, known ...	1996	8692903
the control of ichthyophthiriasis by a medicated food containing quinine: efficacy tests and ultrastructure investigations.	the present report demonstrates that a medicated food containing quinine kills the skin-inhabiting trophozoite stage of ichthyophthirius multifiliis in ornamental fish. artificially infected swordtails. (xiphophorus helleri), black mollies (poecilia sphenops), and black neons (hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi) were used in the trials. the fish were maintained in groups of 10 or 20 inside aquaria (20 or 60 l) at 25 degrees c. ultrastructure investigations by means of transmission electron microscop ...	1996	8897504
passive immunization of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) against the ciliated protozoan parasite ichthyophthirius multifiliis by use of murine monoclonal antibodies.	fish acquire immunity against the ciliated protozoan parasite ichthyophthirius multifiliis following sublethal infection. the immune response includes the elaboration of humoral antibodies against a class of abundant surface membrane proteins referred to as immobilization antigens (i-antigens). antibodies against these proteins immobilize the parasite in vitro, suggesting a potential role for the i-antigens in protective immunity. to test this hypothesis, passive immunization experiments were ca ...	1996	8926073
phylogeny of the fish parasite ichthyophthirius and its relatives ophryoglena and tetrahymena (ciliophora, hymenostomatia) inferred from 18s ribosomal rna sequences.	phylogenetic relationships within the subclass hymenostomatia were inferred from the comparisons of three new ssrrna gene sequences from ichthyophthirius multifiliis (1,751 bp), ophryoglena catenula (1,748 bp), and tetrahymena corlissi (1,753 bp). using maximum-parsimony and distance-matrix methods, ichthyophthirius and ophryoglena were consistently paired and formed a sister group to the tetrahymenines, consistent with their placement in the ophryoglenina. tetrahymenids formed a monophyletic gr ...	1995	7700154
parasite infections in danish trout farms.	samples from 5 danish freshwater trout farms rearing rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) were examined for parasite infections from october 1993 until november 1994 and recorded parasites are listed. in addition, results from an examination of a mariculture net cage system are presented as well. a total of 10 metazoan and 10 protozoan parasites were recorded. the metazoans included gyrodactylus derjavini, gyrodactylus salaris, eubothrium crassum, triaenophorus nodulosus, proteocephalus sp., dipl ...	1995	7502946
sustained growth of ichthyophthirius multifiliis at low temperature in the laboratory.	applied and basic research on the ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis, an obligate parasite of freshwater fishes, requires passage on fish hosts to maintain laboratory stocks. however, continual repeated passage results in senescence of parasite clones over time. because growth and development are directly correlated to water temperature, our objective was to grow the parasite at low temperature in order to extend the period that the organism remains on the fish, thus reducing: (1) the number o ...	1995	8544046
relationships between the parasites of some wild and cultured fishes in two lakes and a fish farm in central finland.	a total of 526 atlantic salmon and 500 brown trout from a fish farm were studied for parasites, as were 272 roach, 251 perch and 150 whitefish from the lake which formed the water source, and 196 roach and 136 perch from the effluent recipient lake. the cultured fish harboured 14 parasite species, of which most were protozoan generalist parasites. nine species were found on salmon and 12 on brown trout. epizootically the most important species were ichthyobodo necator, chilodonella cyprini and i ...	1994	8021098
localized cellular responses to ichthyophthirius multifiliis: protection or pathogenesis?	the ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis is an economically important parasite in aquaculture as well as in the ornamental fish trade. the parasite has been well studied and details of life cycle, host response and pathogenesis have been characterized. parasite development within host epithelial tissues initiates localized leukocytic infiltrations, although the relationship between these responses and host resistance is uncertain, and whether or not leukocyte responses play a role in protective ...	1994	15275420
serotypic variation among isolates of ichthyophthirius multifiliis based on immobilization.	efforts have been made to determine whether surface antigens could be used as biochemical markers to define strain differences in the parasitic ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis. in previous studies, a wild-type isolate designated g1 was found to have surface proteins analogous to the immobilization antigens of paramecium and tetrahymena; rabbit antiserum against this strain immobilizes homologous cells in vitro. it has now been shown for two additional ichthyophthirius isolates (designated g ...	1993	8293000
localized leucocyte response to ichthyophthirius multifiliis establishment in immune carp cyprinus carpio l.	o-group carp (cyprinus carpio) which had been immunized against ichthyophthirius multifiliis by controlled infections were challenged by topical application of theronts to the caudal fin. the parasites which established were examined ultrastructurally, and host leucocyte responses were compared with those observed in primary infections. in the primary exposure group eosinophils and (to a lesser extent) basophils were the predominant cells infiltrating infection sites. in contrast, parasite devel ...	1993	8291210
processing of food vacuoles in the parasitic ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis after exit from the host.	the digestive cycle of the fish parasite ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ciliophora) can be divided into three main stages. during stage a the vacuoles are not yet condensed. this stage can be subdivided into an early phase in which food vacuoles contain almost intact fish cells and a later phase in which dense material accumulates at the periphery of the vacuoles. at stage b, food vacuoles attain a very high density, and at stage c the vacuole expands when the membrane pulls away from a condensed ...	1993	8327449
ultrastructural and cytochemical identification of peroxisomes in the ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis.	the peroxisomes of the parasitic ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis were studied, using ultrastructural and cytochemical techniques. in this ciliate most peroxisomes possess a circular or oval section less than 0.6 micron in diameter. however, some dumbbell-shaped and elongated peroxisomes could also be observed. these organelles were frequently associated with the mitochondria and were more abundant in the cell cortex than in the center of the ciliate. small vesicles and dense nucleoids were ...	1993	8461889
[the population level and distribution of ectoparasites in carp].	the abundance and the distribution of dactylogyrus extensus and ichthyophthirius multifiliis on gills of two-years old carps have been investigated. it has been established that at least there are five groups, which differs from each other on the asymmetry of infection.	1993	8488057
developmental expression of surface antigen genes in the parasitic ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis.	a 1.2-kilobase (kb) cdna encoding a major surface antigen of the holotrich ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis (an obligate parasite of fish) has been isolated and used as a probe to examine the expression of immobilization antigen (i-antigen) genes in this system. the cdna encodes a predicted protein of 394 amino acids with a tandemly repeated structure characteristic of the i-antigens of the related free-living ciliates paramecium and tetrahymena. as shown by northern hybridization analysis w ...	1992	1631132
treatment of fish parasites. 9. effects of a medicated food containing malachite green on ichthyophthirius multifiliis fouquet, 1876 (hymenostomatida, ciliophora) in ornamental fish.	for systemic therapy against trophozoites of the skin-inhabiting stage of ichthyophthirius multifiliis in ornamental fish, the latter were fed medicated food flakes containing malachite green once daily for 1-11 days ad libitum. naturally or artificially infected cardinal tetras (paracheirodon axelrodi), blue gouramis (trichogaster trichopterus), or clown loach (botia macracantha) were used in the trials. the fish were maintained in aerated 12.5- or 60-1 aquaria at 23 degrees c. ultrastructural ...	1992	1589426
the cellular proliferative response, humoral antibody response, and cross reactivity studies of tetrahymena pyriformis with ichthyophthirius multifiliis in juvenile carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	the immune response of 10-12-week-old juvenile carp to t. pyriformis [ccap 1630/w, 1939 (w)] was investigated. the humoral antibody response following one and two intraperitoneal injections of whole live t. pyriformis (protein concentration of 25 micrograms/g body weight), separated by an interval of 4 weeks, was monitored over 12-16 weeks. peak antibody titres were detected 6 weeks following antigen administration. antibody titres were elevated following the second injection, and relatively hig ...	1992	1505691
purification and partial characterization of immobilization antigens from ichthyophthirius multifiliis.	ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a parasitic ciliate of freshwater fishes, was found to have surface antigens (ag) which elicited immobilizing antibodies (ab) when injected into rabbits. an effort was made to purify and characterize these ag (referred to as immobilization ag) because of their potential role in protective immunity in fishes. mice immunized with theront cilia were used for production of immobilizing monoclonal antibodies (mab). hybridomas were screened by indirect immunofluorescent l ...	1992	1383510
invasion and development strategies of ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a parasitic ciliate of fish.	like many other parasites, ichthyophthirius multifliis faces critical changes when moving between free-living and parasitic phases. this ciliate alternates between feeding in the epithelium of freshwater fishes and swimming and encysting in fresh water. several organelles appear to play key roles in successful negotiation o f these changes. margaret ewing and katherine kocan discuss a variety of cellular components important in host invasion and development of the parasite, with particular atten ...	1992	15463617
enzyme cytochemistry of the alveolar sacs and golgian-like cisternae in the ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis.	in the cell cortex of the parasitic ciliate ichthyophthirius multifiliis different kinds of cisternae were observed: the alveolar sacs, thick membrane cisternae and the endoplasmic reticulum. the thick membrane cisternae possess coated dilated rims and sometimes could be observed close to the endoplasmic reticulum. using cytochemical techniques acid phosphatase, thiamine pyrophosphatase and nucleoside diphosphatase activities were detected in the thick membrane cisternae and in the alveolar sacs ...	1990	2162959
[the immunological reactions of fishes to parasite infection under different temperature conditions].	the dependence of immunological reactions of fishes infected with ichthyophthirius multifiliis infusoria was elucidated. the invasion of the parasite results in the activation of the immune system, increased phagocytosis and a growth of the activity of oxydase enzymes. with the increased number and sizes of parasites a decrease of the above parameters below the control values is observed. changes of the immunological values are most dynamic at high (20-25 degrees) and they are slower at low (10 ...	1990	2120670
icthyophthirius multifiliis has membrane-associated immobilization antigens.	sera from fish that survive infections with the ciliated protozoon, ichthyophthirius multifiliis, immobilize the parasite in vitro. in order to identify cell surface antigens involved in the immobilization response, integral membrane proteins were extracted from tomites with triton x-114 and used to immunize rabbits. the rabbit antisera immobilized the parasite in vitro and antigens were localized to cell and ciliary plasma membranes by indirect immunofluorescent microscopy. the membrane protein ...	1989	2470899
ichthyophthirius (ciliophora): population studies suggest reproduction in host epithelium.	evidence that ichthyophthirius multifiliis trophonts may reproduce within the epithelium of the host was obtained from experimental infections of channel catfish. mean number of parasites spontaneously leaving the fish increased from 0 on day 3 postexposure (pe) to 66.5 per fish on day 7 pe. mean population density in fin, however, increased five-fold from day 3 to day 5 pe in the absence of opportunity for reinfection. at day 3 pe, 100% of parasite loci in fin and gill arches contained solitary ...	1988	3143828
immune response of channel catfish to ciliary antigens of ichthyophthirius multifiliis.	channel catfish were rendered immune to the protozoan pathogen, ichthyophthirius multifiliis, by exposure to sublethal infections. sera from test animals were then screened for antibodies against the parasite using enzyme-linked immunoassays. ichthyophthirius cilia were blotted onto nitrocellulose filters and reacted with catfish sera, followed by rabbit anti-catfish ig antibodies coupled to horseradish peroxidase. subsequent color development revealed the presence of anti-ciliary antibodies in ...	1988	3139473
ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ciliophora) exit from gill epithelium.	the first change in the sequence of morphological events occurring as fully developed ichthyophthirius multifiliis trophonts spontaneously left gill epithelium or as younger trophonts departed, following experimentally induced death of the fish, was the separation of parasites from overlying host cells. discharge of contractile vacuoles may have played a role in this process. spaces then appeared between host cells, and individual epithelial cells became vacuolated. finally, the epithelium ruptu ...	1987	3116222
[occurrence and significance of ichthyophthirius multifiliis in switzerland].		1987	3109029
acquired resistance of black mollies poecilia latipinna to infection by ichthyophthirius multifiliis.	changes in the response of black mollies poecilia latipinna to infection with ichthyophthirius multifiliis subsequent to single i. multifiliis infections were examined experimentally. incomplete resistance to infection was established, the degree of which did not depend on the intensity of the initial infection. resistance was maintained for longer periods, however, by those fish with higher initial levels of infection. previous experience of infection by their hosts had a significant, though sm ...	1986	3097601
ascorbic acid induced immune-mediated decrease in mortality in ichthyophthirius multifiliis infected rainbow-trout (salmo gairdneri).		1986	2877556
production and preliminary characterization of murine monoclonal antibodies to ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a protozoan parasite of fish.	an initial panel of 34 hybridomas, each secreting antibodies reactive with an infective theront stage of an ichthyophthirius multifiliis isolate, was produced. three of these cell lines, each producing immunoglobulin m class antibodies, were cloned by limiting dilution and were expanded as ascites-producing tumors in syngeneic mice. three monoclonal antibodies (mab) reacted with intact whole theronts in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to dilutions of 1:10,000 in ascitic fluids and had a sim ...	1986	2431637
antiprotozoan activity of nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc) from the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus).	nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc) obtained from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) kill tetrahymena pyriformis, an opportunistic parasite in fish. based upon this fact, a new mechanism for nonspecific cellular anti-parasitic immunity in fish is proposed. optimum in vitro conditions for ncc killing of deciliated t. pyriformis were first obtained. lysis of t. pyriformis by ncc occurred by 10 hr of cocultivation of effector and target cells. during this time period, 50 to 60% cytotoxicity occurr ...	1985	2578055
[reproduction of ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ciliata, ophryoglenidae)].	a case of reproduction of ichthyophthirius multifiliis in the superficial tissues of larvae and fry of amur wild carp is described. at a temperature of water from 28 to 29 degrees trophonts of ichthyophthirius encysted on fishes. inside cysts repeated cell division occurred but this process did not result in swarm spores formation. later on with the increase of temperature to 29.5--31.5 degrees cysts degenerated.	1985	3937118
mobilization and activation of nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc) in the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) infected with ichthyophthirius multifiliis.	channel catfish demonstrate a shift in the tissue distribution of nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc) when infected with the protozoan parasite, ichthyophthirius multifiliis. ncc, isolated from head kidney (hk) tissues (hemopoietic organ) or peripheral blood leukocytes, were assessed for cytotoxic activity against nc-37 (a transformed mammalian cell line). ncc activity from hk tissue of moribund i. multifiliis-infected fish was depressed compared to hk-ncc activity in uninfected or i. multifillis- ...	1985	4064624
[changes in the electrolyte composition of the blood and muscles in carp infection with ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ciliata, ophryoglenidae)].	a study of the electrolytic contents of blood serum, erythrocytes and muscles of carp infected with ichthyophthirius multifiliis was carried out. whatever the infection intensity, a characteristic increase in the cations k+ and na+ ratio in the plasma and muscles of infected fishes takes place. the above dependence, which is expressed in the intensification of active ions transport, is associated with mobilization of organism's protective functions.	1984	6441141
sublethal copper stress and susceptibility of channel catfish to experimental infections with ichthyophthirius multifiliis.		1982	6809081
[acetomyosin-like filaments in the dividing macronucleus of the ciliated protozoon ichthyophthirius multifiliis (author's transl)].		1973	4130186
[peculiar mode of division in ichthyophthirius multifiliis].		1972	4199487
[human pathogenicity of ichthyophthirius multifiliis].		1969	4987193
[ultra-fine structure of the nuclear apparatus of ichthyophthirius multifiliis at the cystal stage in protomites].		1968	4989386
[on the structure of the macronucleus of the parasitic infusoria ichthyophthirius multifiliis].		1967	4989011
[attempt of cultivation in vitro of ichthyophthirius multifiliis fouquet].		1967	4866640
[immunity of fish to ichthyophthirius multifiliis fouquet infection].		1953	13116925
[new data on biology and ecology of ichthyophthirius multifiliis fouquet].		1952	14926624