Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| pentamidine is an antiparasitic and apoptotic drug that selectively modifies ubiquitin. | we have determined the cytotoxic properties of pentamidine isethionate (2) towards the promastigotes of the protozoan parasite leishmania infantum. the leishmanicidal activity of 2 was 60 times higher after 72 h of incubation than that of cisplatin (4). the pentamidine salt 2 induced a higher amount of programmed cell death (pcd) than cisplatin, which is associated with inhibition of dna synthesis and cell-cycle arrest in the g2/m phase. circular dichroism (cd) data indicate that binding of 2 to ... | 2005 | 17191940 |
| [epidemiological, clinical and parasitological data about canine leishmaniasis in tunisia]. | epidemiological, clinical and parasitological data concerning canine leishmaniasis were collected in two tunisian populations of dogs, different in breed and life style: 23 rural dogs and 26 dogs of european breeds. all were symptomatic and lived in the north of tunisia where human visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania infantum are endemic. leishmaniasis has been confirmed in all dogs by serology or/and by parasitic identification. significant differences concerning age and s ... | 2005 | 16425713 |
| clinicopathological features of childhood visceral leishmaniasis in azad jammu & kashmir pakistan. | in pakistan visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is endemic in azad jammu & kashmir. northern areas and northwest frontier province; the areas which lack adequate diagnostic facilities. this study describes the clinical and laboratory features in 61 cases of childhood vl. | 2005 | 16599035 |
| short-term exogenous glucocorticosteroidal effect on iron and copper status in canine leishmaniasis (leishmania infantum). | prednisolone was administered as an anti-inflammatory for 7 consecutive days in 11 dogs with leishmaniasis (cl group) and 5 clinically normal dogs (control group). after a 15-day wash-out phase, the same medication was given as an immunosuppressive for another 7-day period. in both animal groups and experimental periods an overall significant increase of serum iron and transferrin saturation was noted. serum copper showed a significant increase during the anti-inflammatory period in the control ... | 2005 | 16479727 |
| transplacental transmission of a north american isolate of leishmania infantum in an experimentally infected beagle. | leishmania infantum, an etiologic agent of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis, is widespread among foxhounds in the united states. although sand flies are widely distributed throughout the united states, epidemiological data do not support a major role for sand flies in the transmission of l. infantum in foxhounds in this country. congenital transmission of human visceral leishmaniasis is reported in humans and might also occur in dogs. we have previously isolated l. infantum from virginia foxhound ... | 2005 | 17089780 |
| leishmania infantum: soluble proteins released by the parasite exert differential effects on host immune response. | the objective of this study was to analyse the modulatory effect of proteins released by cultured leishmania infantum promastigotes on the cellular immune response of infected susceptible (balb/c) and more resistant (c57bl/6) mice strains after 30 and 45 days of infection. one month after parasite inoculation, l. infantum released protein fractions (high, inter, and low according to molecular weight) stimulated c57bl/6 mice spleen cells to proliferate and to express cytokines. following the decr ... | 2005 | 15687017 |
| [leishmaniasis in domestic dogs: epidemiological aspects]. | in barra de guaratiba, an endemic area for american visceral leishmaniasis (avl) in rio de janeiro, brazil, control campaigns were unable to reduce canine infection rates. this difficulty prompted an in-depth study of dogs as a reservoir for leishmania chagasi in the peri-urban environment through clinical and serological follow-up using the immunofluorescence and western blot techniques. recognition of 29 kda and 32 kda peptides by sera from dogs with proven l. chagasi infection was observed. f ... | 2005 | 15692667 |
| antileishmanial and antifungal activities of xanthanolides isolated from xanthium macrocarpum. | seven xanthanolides, xanthinosin, xanthatin, 4-hydroxyxanthinosin, xanthinin, 4-epiisoxanthanol, 4-epixanthanol, 2-hydroxyxanthinosin and 4-oxobedfordia acid, were isolated from the fruits of xanthium macrocarpum. a valuation of the antifungal activity of these xanthanolides against candida albicans, candida glabrata and aspergillus fumigatus and of their antileishmanial activity against leishmania infantum and leishmania mexicana is presented. | 2005 | 15890467 |
| proteomic approach for characterization of immunodominant membrane-associated 30- to 36-kilodalton fraction antigens of leishmania infantum promastigotes, reacting with sera from mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis patients. | the aim of the present study was to identify and characterize proteins of a 30- to 36-kda fraction of leishmania infantum promastigote membranes previously shown to be an immunodominant antigen(s) in mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis (mvl) and a consistent and reliable serological marker of this disease. by the first approach, coomassie-stained protein bands (32- and 33-kda fractions) that specifically reacted by immunoblotting with sera from mvl patients were excised from the gel and submitt ... | 2005 | 15699427 |
| water soluble cationic trans-platinum complexes which induce programmed cell death in the protozoan parasite leishmania infantum. | we have evaluated the cytotoxic properties against the protozoan leishmania infantum of four water soluble cationic trans-pt(ii)cl(2) compounds containing as inert groups nh3 and piperazine (1), 4-picoline and piperazine (2), n-butylamine and piperazine (3), and nh3 and 4-piperidino-piperidine (4). the leishmanicidal activity of compounds 3 and 4 against promastigotes of the parasite leishmania infantum was 2.5- and 1.6-times higher than that of the cytotoxic drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(ii ... | 2005 | 15708793 |
| chronic hepatitis associated with canine leishmaniosis (leishmania infantum): a clinicopathological study of 26 cases. | hepatic tissue samples were obtained from 26 dogs humanely destroyed because of naturally occurring leishmaniosis (leishmania infantum). none of the animals had palpable hepatomegaly or any other physical finding or historical evidence indicative of liver failure. however, serum biochemistry revealed hypoalbuminaemia (6/26), increased alkaline phosphatase (alp) activity (15/26), and increased concentrations of total bilirubin (2/26) and post-prandial bile acids (4/26). three main histological pa ... | 2005 | 15737341 |
| short report: surveillance of leishmania sp. among sand flies in sicily (italy) using a fluorogenic real-time polymerase chain reaction. | leishmaniasis caused by leishmania infantum is a complex zoonotic disease, resulting in cutaneous and visceral manifestations in both dogs and humans. the present study involved a published taqman fluorogenic real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for surveillance of leishmania sp. parasites among sand flies trapped in two provinces in sicily, catania and agrigento, during the summer and fall of 2003. only male specimens were identified to species level, while females were used to evalu ... | 2005 | 15741548 |
| recombinant cysteine proteinase from leishmania (leishmania) chagasi implicated in human and dog t-cell responses. | high in vitro lymphoproliferative responses were induced in humans and dogs by a recombinant leishmania (leishmania) chagasi cysteine proteinase, with secretion of ifn-gamma in asymptomatic subjects or of ifn-gamma, interleukin 4 (il-4), and il-10 in oligosymptomatic subjects. in contrast, responses of symptomatic patients and dogs were lower, with production of il-4 and il-10. | 2005 | 15908413 |
| mechanisms of the natural reactivity of lymphocytes from noninfected individuals to membrane-associated leishmania infantum antigens. | membrane-associated leishmania ags (mla) or soluble leishmania ags were used in vitro to stimulate cord blood or pbmc from healthy donors noninfected by leishmania parasites. mla, but not soluble leishmania ags, constantly induce strong proliferation of cord blood mononuclear cells and pbmc from noninfected individuals. responding cells are cd3+, cd4+, tcralphabeta+, cd45ro+, and cd45ra+ and secrete ifn-gamma and il-10, but not il-4. mla do not activate nk cells nor nkt cells. membrane ags also ... | 2005 | 15749897 |
| protection against experimental visceral leishmaniasis infection in dogs immunized with purified excreted secreted antigens of leishmania infantum promastigotes. | the capacity of naturally excreted secreted antigens easily purified from culture supernatant of leishmania infantum promastigotes (liesap), successfully cultivated in completely defined medium called cdm/lp [lemesre jl. methods for the culture in vitro of different stages of tissue parasites. international publication wo 94/26899, 1994; merlen t, sereno d, brajon n, rostand f, lemesre jl. leishmania spp: completely defined medium without serum and macromolecules (cdm/lp) for the continuous in v ... | 2005 | 15780731 |
| atypical multifocal cutaneous leishmaniasis in an immunocompetent patient treated by liposomal amphotericin b. | multifocal cutaneous leishmaniasis (mcl) is an extremely rare disease in south europe, and it mainly affects immunosuppressed patients. we report a case of mcl in an immunocompetent patient affected by type ii diabetes mellitus that clinically presented with three large ulcers on the legs with a non-linear distribution and several months later with an erythematous-crusty lesion on the left cheek. diagnosis of leishmaniasis due to leishmania infantum was formulated by pcr analysis. given the diff ... | 2005 | 15936088 |
| genomic dna macroarrays as a tool for analysis of gene expression in leishmania. | gene-array technologies have been applied in a wide number of organisms to study gene expression profiling under several physiological and experimental conditions. gene-array implementations combined with the information arising from emerging genome sequencing projects are expected to be in the near future a major tool to characterize genes involved in different processes. so far, gene expression profile studies in trypanosomatids have been performed in microarrays that use a glass support to im ... | 2005 | 15936759 |
| antibodies against a leishmania infantum peroxiredoxin as a possible marker for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis and for monitoring the efficacy of treatment. | diagnosis of leishmaniasis is frequently based on serological methods, such as direct agglutination, immunofluorescence tests and elisa assays with leishmania total extracts, as antigen, however due to highly inconclusive results, more reliable tests are needed. in the present study, the prevalence of antibodies to a number of recombinant proteins (lmsir2, lms3a, limtxnpx, lictxnpx and litxn1) highly conserved among leishmania species, were evaluated by elisa in leishmania infantum infected chil ... | 2005 | 15885803 |
| detection of leishmania infantum in canine peripheral blood. | 2005 | 15715010 | |
| epidemiological aspects of canine visceral leishmaniosis in the islamic republic of iran. | an epidemiological study to examine the sero-prevalence of zoonotic visceral leishmaniosis (zvl) among domestic and wild canines in endemic foci of iran was carried out during 1999-2003 to assess the distribution of the disease and the possible association between infection in dogs, wild canines and people. anti-leishmanial antibodies were detected by the direct agglutination test (dat). parasitological study was performed for all captured wild canines and were detected in some of the seropositi ... | 2005 | 15845279 |
| altered platelet aggregation and coagulation disorders related to clinical findings in 30 dogs naturally infected by leishmania infantum. | 2005 | 15848791 | |
| cross-reaction of sera from patients with various infectious diseases with leishmania infantum. | to compare and evaluate the application of indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) and counterimmunoelectrophoresis (ciep) for laboratory identification of visceral leishmaniasis. | 2005 | 15785097 |
| efficacy of the treatment of dogs with leishmaniosis with a combination of metronidazole and spiramycin. | twenty-seven dogs infected naturally with leishmania infantum were used in a randomised controlled trial to compare the clinical and parasitological efficacy of an oral treatment with a combination of metronidazole and spiramycin (13 dogs) with the efficacy of conventional treatment with meglumine antimonate and allopurinol (14 dogs) as controls. in the test group one dog had to be withdrawn from the treatment because it developed pemphigus foliaceus; 10 of the dogs were clinically responsive bu ... | 2005 | 15789648 |
| granulomatous lesion on a bitch's nipple caused by leishmania infantum. | 2005 | 15816188 | |
| in vitro activity of c20-diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives in promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of leishmania infantum. | the in vitro anti-proliferative effects are described of several atisine-type diterpenoid alkaloids against the protozoan parasite leishmania infantum, which causes human visceral leishmaniasis and canine leishmaniasis in the mediterranean basin, as well as human cutaneous leishmaniasis throughout the mediterranean region. from a total of 43 compounds tested, including c19- and c20-diterpene alkaloids from several chemical classes, only 15,22-o-diacetyl-19-oxo-dihydroatisine, azitine and isoazit ... | 2005 | 15664483 |
| role of leishmania (leishmania) chagasi amastigote cysteine protease in intracellular parasite survival: studies by gene disruption and antisense mrna inhibition. | the parasitic protozoa belonging to leishmania (l.) donovani complex possess abundant, developmentally regulated cathepsin l-like cysteine proteases. previously, we have reported the isolation of cysteine protease gene, ldccys2 from leishmania (l.) chagasi. here, we have further characterized this cysteine protease gene and demonstrated its role during infection and survival of leishmania (l.) chagasi within the u937 macrophage cells. | 2005 | 15691375 |
| in vitro and in vivo anti-leishmanial activity of triterpenoid saponins isolated from maesa balansae and some chemical derivatives. | the methanolic extract from the leaves of the vietnamese medicinal plant maesa balansae showed potent in vitro and in vivo activity against the tropical protozoal parasite leishmania infantum. bioassay-guided purification of the extract led to the identification of six triterpenoid saponins, maesabalides i-vi (1-6), each having a strong and specific anti-leishmanial activity. maesabalide iii (3) and iv (4) were the most potent with ic(50) values against intracellular amastigotes of about 7 and 1 ... | 2005 | 15633999 |
| characterization and developmental gene regulation of a large gene family encoding amastin surface proteins in leishmania spp. | the ability of leishmania amastigotes to survive within the drastic environmental changes encountered in the phagolysosomes of mammalian macrophages is heavily dependent on the developmental regulation of a variety of genes. the identification of genes that are expressed preferentially in the mammalian stage of the parasite should increase our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating stage-specific gene expression and of the determinants that control its intracellular survival and co ... | 2005 | 15760660 |
| clinical and serological follow-up in dogs with visceral leishmaniosis treated with allopurinol and sodium stibogluconate. | seven dogs with parasitologically proven clinical visceral leishmaniosis (leishmania infantum infection) were treated with a combination of allopurinol and sodium stibogluconate. the dogs received first orally 15 mg/kg of allopurinol every 12 h until the clinical signs improved, in the following 1 month period allopurinol at same dose and subcutaneously 30 mg/kg of sodium stibogluconate combination were given daily and at the end of the combined treatment, allopurinol was continued alone at the ... | 2005 | 15740861 |
| immunoglobulin g and e responses in various stages of canine leishmaniosis. | pathogenesis in visceral leishmaniosis is associated with depressed cellular immunity and a significant rise of antileishmanial antibodies. we assessed the relative levels of immunoglobulin e anti-leishmania infantum, together with those of igg, igg1 and igg2, using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test, in non-infected and infected dogs with or without symptoms, and their association with symptoms to differentiate the stages of the infection. the expression of all immunoglobulins ( ... | 2005 | 15626463 |
| development of recombinant chimeric antigen expressing immunodominant b epitopes of leishmania infantum for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. | wild canids and domestic dogs are the main reservoir of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (vl) caused by leishmania infantum (syn.: leishmania chagasi). serological diagnosis of vl is therefore important in both human and dog leishmaniasis from a clinical and epidemiological point of view. routine diagnosis of vl is traditionally carried out by immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat), which is laborious and difficult to standardize and to interpret. in the last decade, however, several specific ant ... | 2005 | 15879027 |
| recombinant k39 dipstick immunochromatographic test: a new tool for the serodiagnosis of canine leishmaniasis. | the spread of human leishmaniasis has prompted the scientific community to study dogs as reservoirs for leishmania infantum. canine leishmaniasis (canl) is widespread in the mediterranean area with a prevalence of up to 50%. the first step toward controlling the disease is to monitor its distribution, mainly in stray dogs. the validity of a recombinant k39 (rk39) dipstick test, commercially available for the serodiagnosis of human leishmaniasis, was evaluated using sera from 165 dogs selected on ... | 2005 | 15690948 |
| palestinian infantile visceral leishmaniasis caused by a genetic variant of leishmania infantum belonging to a new zymodeme. | the parasites causing a palestinian case of infantile visceral leishmaniasis (ivl) and those from four dogs from the jenin district were identified serologically, biochemically and molecular biologically as leishmania infantum, showing dogs act as a reservoir. the strain from the human case was distinct because of its unique 200-bp kdna-polymerase chain reaction (pcr) component in its restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) profile after digestion with the endonuclease rsai, and by the e ... | 2005 | 15941427 |
| antileishmanial activity of hiv protease inhibitors. | the proteasomes of some protozoa are possible targets for chemotherapy. leishmaniasis is a major health problem in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) co-infected subjects. two hiv protease inhibitors (pi), indinavir and saquinavir, have been shown to block proteasome functions; we therefore investigated their effects on the growth of two leishmania spp. (leishmania major and leishmania infantum). after 24 h of treatment, both drugs exhibited a dose-dependent antileishmanial activity, with 50% le ... | 2005 | 15955671 |
| cellular immunophenotyping of exfoliative dermatitis in canine leishmaniosis (leishmania infantum). | lymphocyte subsets, major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-ii expressing cells and number of amastigotes in the epidermis and dermis were investigated immunohistochemically in 48 dogs with patent leishmaniosis, with or without exfoliative dermatitis (ed) to study the immunopathogenesis of this common cutaneous form of the disease. skin biopsies were obtained and compared for ed sites (group a, n = 26), normal-appearing skin from the same animals (group b, n = 24), and leishmanial dogs not exhibi ... | 2005 | 15734543 |
| periodic administration of allopurinol is not effective for the prevention of canine leishmaniosis (leishmania infantum) in the endemic areas. | a total of 95 clinically healthy and seronegative for leishmania infantum dogs, residing an area highly endemic for canine leishmaniosis (cl) and living an outdoor life-style, were split into positive and negative groups, and then were randomly assigned to receive allopurinol (n=51; 20 mg/kg once daily), or placebo (n=44) for 1 week per month, from april to november. forty per cent (38/95) of these dogs were not reexamined and retested at the end of the trial for reasons unrelated to cl. none of ... | 2005 | 15905034 |
| treatment of canine old world visceral leishmaniasis: a systematic review. | canine visceral leishmaniasis is a systemic disease caused by leishmania infantum. the aim of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate the evidence of efficacy of interventions for treatment or prevention of canine visceral leishmaniasis, and to propose recommendations for or against their use. forty-seven articles describing clinical trials published between 1980 and 2004 fulfilled selection criteria. the evaluation of clinical trials provided good evidence for recommending the use o ... | 2005 | 16101793 |
| the current status of zoonotic leishmaniases and approaches to disease control. | leishmaniases are a complex of world-wide diseases with a range of clinical and epidemiological features caused by leishmania spp. of protozoan parasites. among 15 well-recognised leishmania species known to infect humans, 13 have zoonotic nature, which include agents of visceral, cutaneous and mucocutaneous forms of the disease in both the old and new worlds. currently, leishmaniases show a wider geographic distribution and increased global incidence of human disease than previously known. envi ... | 2005 | 16162348 |
| lower nitric oxide susceptibility of trivalent antimony-resistant amastigotes of leishmania infantum. | we previously documented the induction of leishmania amastigote apoptosis by trivalent antimony (sbiii) and nitric oxide (no). we demonstrate here that sbiii-resistant amastigotes were resistant to no toxicity when delivered extracellularly by no donors or intracellularly via macrophage activation. shared biochemical targets for sbiii and no resistance in leishmania are discussed. | 2005 | 16189135 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis in naturally infected dogs is associated with a t helper-2-biased immune response. | skin lesions are a frequent manifestation of leishmania infantum infections in mediterranean countries. this study demonstrates by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction the local cytokine response in skin biopsies from leishmania-infected dogs (n=10). as controls, we investigated skin biopsies from healthy (n=10) and fleabite hypersensitive dogs (n=10). we established a quantitative pcr to determine the parasite burden in biopsies. the objective was to elucidate whether a cor ... | 2005 | 15753470 |
| household structure and urban services: neglected targets in the control of visceral leishmaniasis. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) caused by leishmania chagasi is a growing public-health problem in many parts of the new world. although several studies have focused on the consequences of environmental damage, human migration and land occupation on the incidence of vl, the effects on the disease of the substandard living conditions that often result from the process of urbanization have not been investigated in detail. the present study was based in the brazilian city of teresina, where, since 1980 ... | 2005 | 15829132 |
| genetic homogeneity within leishmania (l.) infantum isolated from human and dogs: the relationship with the sandfly fauna distribution in endemic areas of nueva esparta state, venezuela. | leishmania infantum has been described as a highly polymorphic group of parasites, responsible for visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis. in this paper we report the life-cycle of l. (l.) infantum in an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis in venezuela, by using molecular diagnosis and characterization of parasites isolated from dogs, humans with visceral leishmaniasis and sand flies. the molecular characterization was carried out by use of kdna restriction analysis, dot-blot hybr ... | 2005 | 15977897 |
| equine infection with leishmania in portugal. | the present report describes the first case of equine leishmaniasis in portugal. leishmania infection was detected in one animal, which presented an ulcerated skin lesion. diagnosis was based on serology by cie, and parasite dna detection by real-time pcr using a probe specific for l. infantum. this finding requests further leishmaniasis equine surveys in order to clarify the role of the horse as reservoir host in european endemic areas. | 2005 | 15991833 |
| dc-sign-mediated transfer of hiv-1 is compromised by the ability of leishmania infantum to exploit dc-sign as a ligand. | dc-sign (dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing nonintegrin) binds human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and facilitates transfer of virus to permissive cells. leishmania parasites also exploit dc-sign as a receptor. here, we report that transfer of hiv-1 to target cells is markedly reduced when dc-sign(+) cells are preincubated with leishmania amastigotes before pulsing with virions. moreover, binding of hiv-1 to dc-sign(+) cells is diminished by the presence o ... | 2005 | 15838793 |
| seroepidemiology of leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis, and leishmaniosis among dogs in ankara, turkey. | seroprevalence of five different leptospira interrogans serovars, toxoplasma gondii and leishmania infantum in stray dogs in ankara was investigated. a total of 116 dog sera collected from apparently healthy stray dogs were tested for l. interrogans serovars by microscopic agglutination test (mat), for t. gondii antibodies by sabin-feldman dye test (sfdt), and for l. infantum antibodies by indirect fluorescence antibody test (ifat). of the 116 dogs, 51 (43.96%) were seropositive for leptospirosi ... | 2005 | 15845273 |
| the burden of the leishmania chagasi/infantum infection in a closed rural focus of visceral leishmaniasis in lara state, west-central venezuela. | a prospective study was conducted in el brazilar, curarigua, lara state, venezuela, a small rural focus of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) to investigate the burden and the evolution of leishmania infection in the human and canine population. the incidence of the disease from february 1998 to february 2002 was recorded and two cross-sectional surveys using the leishmanin skin test (lst) and immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) were carried out. the dipstick test with recombinant r-k39 antigen was ... | 2005 | 15860091 |
| stage-specific antileishmanial activity of an inhibitor of sir2 histone deacetylase. | silent information regulator 2 (sir2) proteins are nad-dependant deacetylases found in organisms ranging from bacteria to human. in eukaryotes, these proteins are involved in many biological processes including transcriptional repression, metabolism, ageing, or apoptosis. here, we have shown that sirtinol, a commercially available inhibitor of sir2 deacetylases, significantly inhibits the in vitro proliferation of leishmania infantum axenic amastigotes in a dose-dependent manner. this activity i ... | 2005 | 15860278 |
| function of cd8+ t lymphocytes in a self-curing mouse model of visceral leishmaniasis. | cd8+ t lymphocytes play an important role in the control of visceral leishmaniasis in non self-cure mice (e.g. balb/c). in the present study, the mode of action of cd8+ t cells and their in vivo contribution to immunity was addressed in self-curing c57bl/6 mice. during the course of the experimental infection, cd8+ t cells specific for leishmania infantum (l. infantum) developed and apoptotic cell death subsequently followed. they exhibited perforin-dependent cytotoxicity and a t(c)1 profile cha ... | 2005 | 15866476 |
| protective vaccination against experimental canine visceral leishmaniasis using a combination of dna and protein immunization with cysteine proteinases type i and ii of l. infantum. | leishmania infantum is known to be associated with visceral leishmaniasis in iran and canids are natural reservoirs. control of disease in dogs appears to be one of the most effective approaches for interrupting the domestic cycle of the disease. in search for successful vaccine strategies, we evaluated the cysteine proteinases (cps) type i and ii using a heterologous prime-boost regime for vaccination against experimental visceral leishmaniasis in dogs. following vaccination and challenge, dogs ... | 2005 | 15882533 |
| failure of a multi-subunit recombinant leishmanial vaccine (mml) to protect dogs from leishmania infantum infection and to prevent disease progression in infected animals. | we report results of a phase iii trial of the multi-subunit recombinant leishmania polyprotein mml for the protection of dogs against infection by leishmania infantum. the antigen, also known as leish-111f, is the first antileishmanial human vaccine entered phase i clinical testing. the study was performed in a leishmaniasis endemic area of southern italy. three groups of 15 leishmania-free beagle dogs each, received 3 monthly injections with vaccines a (mml+mpl-se adjuvant), b (sterile saline = ... | 2005 | 16054272 |
| the two cytoplasmic dynein-2 isoforms in leishmania mexicana perform separate functions. | eukaryotic organisms with cilia or flagella typically express two non-axonemal or "cytoplasmic" dyneins, dynein-1 and dynein-2. interestingly, we find that leishmania mexicana is unusual and contains two distinct cytoplasmic dynein-2 heavy chain genes (designated lmxdhc2.1 and lmxdhc2.2) along with a single dynein-1 heavy chain (lmxdhc1). disruption of lmxdhc2.2 resulted in immotile parasites that had a rounded cell body. although they assume amastigote morphology, immunoblot analysis of these c ... | 2005 | 16054709 |
| identification of two highly performing leishmania infantum antigens for serodiagnosis of canine leishmaniosis. | in the aim of improving serodiagnosis of canine leishmaniosis, we analysed the humoral immune response of dog against leishmania infantum parasite. the antigenic reaction of l. infantum polypeptides with sera from 31 dogs with parasitologically confirmed leishmaniosis was studied by using the immunoblot technique. electrophoretic profile of the parasite extract showed more than 50 polypeptides, with molecular weights ranging from 12 to 170 kda. among these polypeptides, 37 antigen components, ra ... | 2005 | 16076527 |
| usefulness of pcr in the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in tunisia. | we assessed the efficiency of a pcr method in establishing the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in tunisian patients. four hundred and thirty specimens collected passively from patients with cutaneous ulcers suggestive of leishmaniasis attending health centres for diagnosis were included in the study. dermal scrapings were analysed both by parasitological (examination of giemsa-stained smears and in vitro cultivation) methods and by a genus-specific pcr detecting a fragment of the 18s r ... | 2005 | 16095641 |
| quantitative assessment of the glyoxalase pathway in leishmania infantum as a therapeutic target by modelling and computer simulation. | the glyoxalase pathway of leishmania infantum was kinetically characterized as a trypanothione-dependent system. using time course analysis based on parameter fitting with a genetic algorithm, kinetic parameters were estimated for both enzymes, with trypanothione derived substrates. a k(m) of 0.253 mm and a v of 0.21 micromol.min(-1).mg(-1)for glyoxalase i, and a k(m) of 0.098 mm and a v of 0.18 micromol.min(-1).mg(-1) for glyoxalase ii, were obtained. modelling and computer simulation were used ... | 2005 | 15885089 |
| leishmania chagasi: the alpha-tubulin intercoding region results in constant levels of mrna abundance despite protein synthesis inhibition and growth state. | the intercoding regions of many leishmania sp. genes have been implicated in the regulation of mrna processing, stability, and translation. herein we show that the intercoding region of the leishmania chagasi alpha-tubulin gene (alpha-tub) confers stable beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) reporter mrna levels during promastigote growth and development in vitro and during protein synthesis inhibition. the abundance of both endogenous alpha-tub mrna and beta-gal mrna from a beta-gal coding region situa ... | 2005 | 15888291 |
| leishmania chagasi/infantum: further investigations on leishmania tropisms in atypical cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis foci in central america. | in central america, apparently genetically identical leishmania chagasi/infantum parasites cause cutaneous (cl) and visceral leishmaniasis (vl), the latter being more frequent in young children. the present study investigated if there were pathology-related differences in virulence between honduran cl and vl strains using mediterranean l. infantum strains as a reference. macrophage infectivity and serum sensitivity, properties thought to be associated with virulence, were similar between cl and ... | 2005 | 15755418 |
| role of the abc transporter mrpa (pgpa) in antimony resistance in leishmania infantum axenic and intracellular amastigotes. | antimonial compounds are the mainstay for the treatment of infections with the protozoan parasite leishmania. we present our studies on leishmania infantum amastigote parasites selected for resistance to potassium antimonyl tartrate [sb(iii)]. inside macrophages, the sb(iii)-selected cells are cross-resistant to sodium stibogluconate (pentostam), the main drug used against leishmania. putative alterations in the level of expression of more than 40 genes were compared between susceptible and resi ... | 2005 | 15855523 |
| differential effects of polyamine derivative compounds against leishmania infantum promastigotes and axenic amastigotes. | the natural polyamines are ubiquitous polycationic compounds that play important biological functions in cell growth and differentiation. in the case of protozoan species that are causative agents of important human diseases such as leishmaniasis, an exogenous supply of polyamines supports parasite proliferation. in the present study, we have investigated the effect of three polyamine derivatives, (namely bis-naphthalimidopropyl putrescine (bnipput), spermidine (bnipspd) and spermine (bnipspm)), ... | 2005 | 15862577 |
| vaccination with the leishmania infantum acidic ribosomal p0 protein plus cpg oligodeoxynucleotides induces protection against cutaneous leishmaniasis in c57bl/6 mice but does not prevent progressive disease in balb/c mice. | we have examined the efficacy of the administration in mice of a molecularly defined vaccine based on the leishmania infantum acidic ribosomal protein p0 (rlip0). two different challenge models of murine cutaneous leishmaniasis were used: (i) subcutaneous inoculation of l. major parasites in susceptible balb/c mice (a model widely used for vaccination analysis) and (ii) the intradermal inoculation of a low infective dose in resistant c57bl/6 mice (a model that more accurately reproduces the l. m ... | 2005 | 16113303 |
| detailed analysis of an experimental challenge model for leishmania infantum (jpc strain) in dogs. | in this study, disease progression after intravenous or subdermal infection of dogs with leishmania infantum jpc strain was monitored. a challenge performed on 14 dogs via the intravenous route with 5 x 10(7) stationary phase promastigotes of the l. infantum jpc strain was 100% successful. during a follow up period of 1.5 years, several parameters were evaluated in order to find the most reliable disease markers. parasite detection by culture and histology were found to be very sensitive (100%). ... | 2005 | 15893068 |
| infections in immunocompetent and immune-deficient mice with promastigotes of a north american isolate of leishmania infantum. | leishmania infantum, an etiologic agent of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis, is widespread among foxhounds in the united states. experimental infections with a north american isolate of l. infantum were evaluated using two inoculation routes in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mouse strains. groups of 2-5 interferon gamma gene knockout (ifn-gamma-ko) (balb/c-ifng), inducible nitric oxide synthase (nos) gene knockout (inos-ko) (c57bl/6), b-cell-deficient (micromt) (c57bl/6), and balb/c mice we ... | 2005 | 15893066 |
| experimental infection of leishmania (l.) chagasi in a cell line derived from lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera:psychodidae). | the present work describes the in vitro infection of a cell line lulo, derived from lutzomyia longipalpis embryonic tissue, by leishmania chagasi promastigotes. this infection process is compared with a parallel one developed using the j774 cell line. the l. chagasi mh/co/84/ci-044b strain was used for experimental infection in two cell lines. the cells were seeded on glass coverslips in 24-well plates to reach a final number of 2 x 10(5) cells/well. parasites were added to the adhered lulo and ... | 2005 | 16302061 |
| non-sand fly transmission of a north american isolate of leishmania infantum in experimentally infected balb/c mice. | leishmania infantum, an etiologic agent of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis, is endemic in the foxhound population in the united states and canada. leishmaniasis is usually transmitted by blood-feeding sand flies; however, epidemiological data do not support a significant role for sand flies in the maintenance of foxhound infections in north america, and an alternate mode of transmission may exist. the present study was conducted to determine if transplacental or direct transmission occurs in pre ... | 2005 | 16419756 |
| [phlebotomus (larroussius) langeroni nitzulescu, 1930 in tunisia: presence of the female and updating of geographical distribution]. | the authors report the presence of phlebotomus (larroussius) langeroni nitzulescu, 1930 in two epidemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania infantum in northwest tunisia. the phlebotomus langeroni female is to be mentioned for the first time in north africa. | 2005 | 16425726 |
| utility of diagnostic tests used in diagnosis of infection in dogs experimentally inoculated with a north american isolate of leishmania infantum infantum. | eight female beagles were infected with 1 x 10(7) (low dose, ld) or 2 x 10(8) (high dose, hd) promastigotes of a north american isolate of leishmania infantum infantum (livt-1 strain) isolated from naturally infected virginia foxhounds. two female beagles served as negative controls and 2 male beagles chronically infected (> 3 years) with leishmania infantum chagasi were positive controls. bone marrow (bm) and lymph node (ln) aspirates were collected every 6-8 weeks for cytologic evaluation, par ... | 2005 | 16355672 |
| [cutaneous leishmaniasis]. | leishmaniases are diseases caused by infection by protozoa of the genus leishmania. cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania infantum is frequent in spain, especially in certain geographic areas. diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis is difficult because of the varied symptoms and because making cultures of this parasite is complicated. there are also different therapeutic, medical and surgical options, none of which is fully satisfactory. we review the most significant agents of cutaneous le ... | 2005 | 16476327 |
| serological screening for leishmania infantum in asymptomatic blood donors living in an endemic area (sicily, italy). | the purpose of our study was to assess whether leishmania infantum parasitemia occurs in asymptomatic leishmania-seropositive subjects. samples from 500 blood donors were tested using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). anti-leishmania antibodies were not found in any sample. our findings suggest that the risk of l. infantum transmission by blood transfusion in sicily is very low. | 2005 | 16209934 |
| targeted disruption of cytosolic sir2 deacetylase discloses its essential role in leishmania survival and proliferation. | proteins of the sir2 family are characterized by a conserved catalytic domain that exerts unique nad-dependent deacetylase activity on histone and various other cellular substrates. functional analyses of such proteins have been carried out in a number of prokaryotes and eukaryotes organisms but until now, none have described an essential function for any sir2 genes. here using genetic approach, we report that a cytosolic sir2 homolog in leishmania is determinant to parasite survival. l. infantu ... | 2005 | 16236469 |
| molecular fingerprinting of leishmania infantum strains following an outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis in central israel. | human and canine visceral leishmaniasis caused by leishmania infantum emerged in central israel after an absence of over 30 years. the origin of this outbreak was investigated by examining genetic polymorphisms in 37 strains isolated from dogs and patients with visceral leishmaniasis in the continuously active northern israeli and west bank foci and in a new israeli focus using dna fingerprinting with the human multilocus minisatellite probe 33.15. analysis of the patterns obtained by dna finger ... | 2005 | 16333098 |
| postglacial dispersal of phlebotomus perniciosus into france. | phlebotomus perniciosus was identified morphologically in samples from france and northeast spain, and individuals were then characterized at three polymorphic isoenzyme loci (by isoelectrofocusing) and at the mitochondrial dna locus (by comparative dna sequence analysis of a fragment of the cytochrome b gene). the four polymorphic loci gave conflicting patterns of population relationships, which can be explained by hypothesizing different amounts of gene introgression at each locus when two dis ... | 2005 | 16402559 |
| comparison of three assays for the evaluation of specific cellular immunity to leishmania infantum in dogs. | cellular immune response to leishmania plays a key role in canine leishmaniosis. however, there are few assays to evaluate this response in the dog. here, we evaluated and compared three assays of specific cellular immune response to leishmania infantum in dogs: the leishmanin skin test (lst), lymphocyte proliferation assay (lpa) and ifn-gamma cytopathic effect inhibition bioassay (ifnb). fifty-six healthy dogs from an endemic area for leishmaniosis on the island of mallorca were studied. in all ... | 2005 | 15922459 |
| feline leishmaniasis and ehrlichiosis: serological investigation in abruzzo region. | 2005 | 16244984 | |
| canine visceral leishmaniasis in são josé de ribamar, maranhão state, brazil. | here, we describe the situation of canine visceral leishmaniasis in two villages of são josé de ribamar in maranhão state/brazil, where human cases have been registered. blood samples of 36 household crossbred dogs from sergio tamer village and 43 dogs from quinta village were collected and the serum used for serological diagnosis. an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were used to detect antibodies against leishmania. the clinical examination ... | 2005 | 15967576 |
| infection with leishmania infantum inhibits actinomycin d-induced apoptosis of human monocytic cell line u-937. | modulation of host cell apoptosis has been observed in many bacterial, protozoal, and viral infections. the aim of this work was to investigate the effect of viscerotropic leishmania (l.) infantum infection on actinomycin d-induced apoptosis of the human monocytic cell line u-937. cells were infected with l. infantum promastigotes or treated with the surface molecule lipophosphoglycan (lpg) or with parasite-free supernatant of leishmania culture medium and submitted to action of actinomycin d as ... | 2005 | 15926996 |
| importance of lutzomyia longipalpis in the dynamics of transmission of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the endemic area of porteirinha municipality, minas gerais, brazil. | a study of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz and neiva, 1912) (diptera: psychodidae), the primary vector of american visceral leishmaniasis (avl), and the canine form of the disease, was carried out in porteirinha. the city is situated in the northern part of the brazilian state of minas gerais and is an endemic area of avl. systematic phlebotomine captures were performed in seven districts with previously reported cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis, during 2 years (january 2000--december 2001). a ... | 2005 | 15975718 |
| the value of a new microculture method for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis by using bone marrow and peripheral blood. | we have demonstrated that the microculture method (mcm) enables the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) with samples from both the bone marrow (bm) and peripheral blood (pb). the mcm is superior to the traditional culture method (tcm) as determined by its higher sensitivity in the detection of promastigotes and the more rapid time for emergence of promastigotes. the sensitivity of mcm (100% in bms and 77.8-100% in pb) was considerably higher than that of the tcm (37.5-100% in bms and 0-100% ... | 2005 | 16103589 |
| flow cytometric analysis of cellular immune responses in dogs experimentally infected with a north american isolate of leishmania infantum. | canine leishmaniasis caused by leishmania infantum is endemic in the foxhound population in north america. studies of canine leishmaniasis in the mediterranean basin indicate a role for both cd4+ and cd8+ lymphocytes with clinical illness and in asymptomatic dogs. limited information is available on the strain of l. infantum infecting foxhounds in north america. the present study investigated changes in cellular immune responses in dogs experimentally infected with 1x10(7) (low dose, ld; n=4) or ... | 2005 | 15936890 |
| analysis of ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacer sequences of the leishmania donovani complex. | to understand phylogenetic relationships of species and strains within the leishmania donovani complex, we have analyzed the ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacer (its) sequences of 27 leishmania infantum, 2 leishmania chagasi, 18 l. donovani and 5 leishmania archibaldi strains of different zymodemes and geographical origin. eight its sequence types were found. all detected sequence variation within its1 and its2 was based on 12 polymorphic microsatellites. the l. infantum strains from the m ... | 2005 | 16002315 |
| efficacy of orally administered 2-substituted quinolines in experimental murine cutaneous and visceral leishmaniases. | we report in this study the in vivo efficacy of nine 2-substituted quinolines on the leishmania amazonensis cutaneous infection murine model and on the leishmania infantum and leishmania donovani visceral infection murine models. in the case of the l. amazonensis model, quinolines were administered orally at 25 mg/kg twice daily for 15 days. quinolines 1, 2, 3, and 7 reduced by 80 to 90% the parasite burdens in the lesion, whereas n-methylglucamine antimoniate (glucantime), administered by subcu ... | 2005 | 16304157 |
| evaluation of lymph node and bone marrow cytology in the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis (leishmania infantum) in symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs. | the sensitivity and specificity of lymph node and bone marrow smear microscopy for the diagnosis of leishmania infantum-infected dogs was evaluated in 79 dogs with leishmaniasis (group a), 52 asymptomatically infected dogs (group b), and 44 healthy noninfected dogs (group c). light microscopy examination included 10 to 1,000 oil immersion fields, and the density of leishmania amastigotes was scored by a 0 to +6 scale. using polymerase chain reaction as the gold standard, the specificity of lymph ... | 2005 | 16014839 |
| characterization of lacrimal gland lesions and possible pathogenic mechanisms of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs with leishmaniosis. | in a previous study, it was found that 2.8% of dogs with leishmaniosis had keratoconjunctivitis sicca (kcs). the aim of this study was to characterize the lesions present in the lacrimal glands of dogs with leishmaniosis and to determine the presence of the parasite by means of immunohistochemistry. the inflammatory infiltrate was described as granulomatous or pyogranulomatous and was located around the ductal component of the glands. immunoperoxidase staining localized the parasites following t ... | 2005 | 16023786 |
| the translational efficiencies of the two leishmania infantum hsp70 mrnas, differing in their 3'-untranslated regions, are affected by shifts in the temperature of growth through different mechanisms. | exposure of leishmania promastigotes to the temperature of their mammalian hosts induces a typical heat-shock response. in leishmania infantum, hsp70 is encoded by two types of genes that differ in their 3'-untranslated regions (3'-utrs). previously, we have shown that specific transcripts for each gene are present in promastigotes growing at normal temperature (26 degrees c), but only transcripts with 3'-utr-type i (3'-utri) accumulate in a temperature-dependent manner. here, we have investigat ... | 2005 | 16105831 |
| heterologous prime-boost vaccination with the lack antigen protects against murine visceral leishmaniasis. | this study reports the efficacy of a heterologous prime-boost vaccination using dna and vaccinia viruses (western reserve [wr] virus and modified [attenuated] vaccinia virus ankara [mva]) expressing the lack antigen (leishmania homologue of receptors for activated c kinase) and an intradermal murine infection model employing leishmania infantum. at 1 month postinfection, vaccinated mice showed high levels of protection in the draining lymph node (240-fold reduction in parasite burden) coupled wi ... | 2005 | 16041057 |
| development of a practical immunochromatographic test with recombinant p50 for the diagnosis of babesia gibsoni infection in dogs. | an immunochromatographic test (ict), using recombinant truncated p50 (p50t), for the detection of antibodies to babesia gibsoni was developed and evaluated. whereas all sera from specific pathogen-free dogs were clearly negative, all sera from dogs experimentally infected with b. gibsoni were clearly positive in the ict. in addition, the ict detected no cross-reactivity with sera from dogs experimentally infected with closely related parasites, b. canis canis, b. canis vogeli, and b. canis rossi ... | 2005 | 16336730 |
| in vitro cytotoxic, antileishmanial and antifungal activities of ethnopharmacologically selected gabonese plants. | seventy-seven crude extracts from leaves and stem barks of 15 gabonese plants used in traditional medicine were evaluated for their cytotoxic, antileishmanial and antifungal activities. most of the extracts exhibited cytotoxic activities toward human monocytes, and most particularly the hydromethanolic 50% (v/v) fraction of ganophyllum giganteum leaves (ic(50)=1.3 microg/ml) as well as the methanolic extracts of polyalthia suaveolens, dioscorea preussii, augouardia letestui leaves and cola lizae ... | 2005 | 16046090 |
| distinct 3'-untranslated region elements regulate stage-specific mrna accumulation and translation in leishmania. | we recently characterized a large developmentally regulated gene family in leishmania encoding the amastin surface proteins. while studying the regulation of these genes, we identified a region of 770 nucleotides (nt) within the 2055-nt 3'-untranslated region (3'-utr) that regulates stage-specific gene expression at the level of translation. an intriguing feature of this 3'-utr regulatory region is the presence of a approximately 450-nt element that is highly conserved among several leishmania m ... | 2005 | 16115874 |
| influence of the vehicle on the properties and efficacy of microparticles containing amphotericin b. | new microparticles containing amphotericin b (amb) have been developed and manufactured by spray drying. to this end albumin, polylactic-co-glycolic acids (plga) and poly(sebacic anhydride) have been employed as drug carriers. the selection of the solvent used to disperse the drug and the vehicle before spray drying was critical on production yields and physical properties of the microparticles. once particle size, morphology and dispersability in some aqueous media were shown to be acceptable f ... | 2005 | 16051534 |
| functional complementation of yeast ribosomal p0 protein with plasmodium falciparum p0. | a complex of three phosphoproteins (p0, p1 and p2) constitutes the stalk region at the gtpase center of the eukaryotic large ribosomal subunit, amongst which the protein p0 plays the most crucial role. earlier studies have shown the functional complementation of the conditional p0-null mutant of saccharomyces cerevisiae (w303dgp0) with orthologous p0 genes from fungal and mammalian organisms, but not the protozoan parasite leishmania infantum. in this paper we show that the pfp0 gene from the pr ... | 2005 | 16099608 |
| observations on "seroepidemiology study of leishmania infantum infection in castilla-leon, spain". | 2005 | 16103579 | |
| a rare case of localized mucosal leishmaniasis due to leishmania infantum in an immunocompetent italian host. | the case of authoctonous isolated laryngeal leishmaniasis due to l. infantum in an italian immunocompetent host is reported. it is highlighed the need to consider mucosal leishmaniasis in the differential diagnosis of laryngeal tumors. rapid nested-pcr technique and enzyme restriction analysis were useful for diagnosis and species identification directly from bioptic samples. | 2005 | 16121766 |
| a seroepidemiologic survey of canine visceral leishmaniosis among apparently healthy dogs in croatia. | cross-sectional investigation was done on seroprevalence of leishmania sp. infection among apparently healthy dogs in an area where canine leishmaniosis is endemic. survey included 68 dogs living in the coastal city of split, and 238 dogs living in 12 villages scattered in the hinterland. each dog was clinically examined for the presence of some discrete signs compatible with leishmaniosis and by dot-elisa modification determined the presence of anti-leishmania antibodies. the titre 1:600 and hi ... | 2005 | 15946800 |
| papular dermatitis due to leishmania spp. infection in dogs with parasite-specific cellular immune responses. | papular dermatitis due to leishmania spp. infection was diagnosed in three boxers and two rottweilers with leishmania-specific cellular immunity. diagnosis was based on histological and immunohistochemical examination of papules in four dogs and on cytological examination in one dog. serum protein electrophoresis was within reference ranges and low antibody levels to leishmania infantum were detected. delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) reaction to leishmanin was evaluated before treatment in th ... | 2005 | 15960633 |
| lymphocytes of dogs immunised with purified excreted-secreted antigens of leishmania infantum co-incubated with leishmania infected macrophages produce ifn gamma resulting in nitric oxide-mediated amastigote apoptosis. | the role of nitric oxide (no) in the anti-leishmanial activity has been confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. recently, we demonstrated that no-mediated apoptosis-like amastigote death pathway is an important and highly regulated mechanism used for the clearance of leishmania within infected murine macrophages stimulated to produce no endogenously. to further characterize these important effector mechanisms in dog, a natural host-reservoir of l. infantum/l. chagasi, we have developed an ex vivo i ... | 2005 | 15963823 |
| cytologic patterns of lymphadenopathy in dogs infected with leishmania infantum. | lymphadenopathy in canine leishmaniosis has been reported as reactive lymphoid hyperplasia or granulomatous (histiocytic) lymphadenitis. however, we are unaware of information on the effect of latent leishmania infection on lymph node cytology compared with clinically affected dogs. | 2005 | 16134072 |
| phlebotomine sand flies from ouagadougou, burkina faso: first record of phlebotomus (larroussius) longicuspis south of the sahara. | during a brief entomological survey carried out in ouagadougou, burkina faso, in march 2002, 178 phlebotomine sand flies (diptera, psychodidae) were caught using cdc miniature light traps. they were identified as phlebotomus duboscqi neveu-lemaire, p. longicuspis nitzulescu, sergentomyia adleri (theodor), s. affinis vorax (parrot), s. antennata (newstead), s. bedfordi (newstead), s. christophersi (sinton), s. fallax (parrot), s. magna (sinton) and s. schwetzi (adler, theodor & parrot). this is t ... | 2005 | 16134981 |
| old world eyelid cutaneous leishmaniasis: a case report. | leishmania is a protozoa that may infect the skin, mucous, and viscera. the geographical distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is mainly determined by the sandfly vectors. the old world type is mainly attributed to leishmania major and leishmania tropica, and in south of europe only to leishmania infantum. a 63-year-old woman, who noted a pimple on the external third of the left upper eyelid 6 months before. the lesion was nodular, well-defined and measured 1.1 cm in diameter and in heigh ... | 2005 | 16409925 |
| leishmaniosis due to leishmania infantum in a fiv and felv positive cat with a squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed with histological, serological and isoenzymatic methods. | leishmaniosis caused by leishmania infantum is an endemic zoonosis present in the mediterranean area. canidae (dog and fox) constitute the main reservoir hosts for the parasite, whilst wild rodents or the cat can be carriers of the protozoan and are considered as secondary potential reservoirs. this paper describes a case of disseminated feline leishmaniosis with cutaneous (ulcerative), visceral (spleen and lymph nodes) and blood involvement in a fiv-felv positive cat. the microscopic identifica ... | 2005 | 16218216 |
| detection of leishmania infantum kinetoplast dna in laryngeal tissue from an immunocompetent patient. | mucosal leishmaniasis of the upper respiratory tract is usually associated with the visceral form or is found in immunosuppressed individuals. this report presents a case of isolated mucosal leishmaniasis in an immunocompetent patient, whose diagnosis mainly rested on histology and positive polymerase chain reaction result for leishmania donovani in the laryngeal tissue. a 59-year-old man, who never lived outside italy, showed a subglottic mucosal polypoid-like lesion. the typical morphological ... | 2005 | 16226116 |
| rapid diagnosis and genotyping of leishmania isolates from cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis by microcapillary cultivation and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism of miniexon region. | we have performed a combination of microcapillary cultivation method and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of amplified products by 1 single pcr of miniexon region of leishmania for molecular diagnosis and genotyping of different leishmania species isolated from cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) and visceral leishmaniasis. we have analyzed 10 microcapillary cultivated isolates from cutaneous cases and 5 microcapillary cultivated isolates from visceral cases (totally 15) by poly ... | 2005 | 16249065 |
| genetic complementation to identify dna elements that influence complement resistance in leishmania chagasi. | past studies showed that leishmania spp. promastigotes exhibit differential sensitivity to complement mediated lysis (cml) during development in vitro and in vivo. leishmania chagasi promastigotes in cultures during logarithmic and stationary growth phases are cml-sensitive or cml-resistant when exposed to human serum, respectively, but only in cultures recently initiated with parasites from infected animals; serially passaged cultures become constitutively cml-sensitive regardless of growth pha ... | 2005 | 16419749 |