Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| multiple-stage linear ion-trap with high resolution mass spectrometry towards complete structural characterization of phosphatidylethanolamines containing cyclopropane fatty acyl chain in leishmania infantum. | the structures of phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) in leishmania infantum are unique in that they consist of a rare cyclopropane fatty acid (cfa) containing pe subfamily, including cfa-containing plasmalogen pe species. in this contribution, we applied multiple-stage linear ion-trap combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry to define the structures of pes that were desorbed as [m - h](-) and [m - h + 2li](+) ions by esi, respectively. the structural information arising from ms(n) on both the ... | 0 | 24619546 |
| experimental infection of phlebotomus perniciosus by bioluminescent leishmania infantum using murine model and artificial feeder. | leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease that is transmitted by sandflies and caused by obligate intracellular protozoa of the genus leishmania. in the present study, we carried out a screening on the experimental infection of phlebotomus pernioucus by bioluminescent leishmania infantum using murine model and artificial feeder. we developed a real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr)-based method to determine individually the number of leishmania promastigotes fed by infected flies. among 1840 ... | 0 | 27439032 |
| leishmania infection and host-blood feeding preferences of phlebotomine sandflies and canine leishmaniasis in an endemic european area, the algarve region in portugal. | the algarve region (ar) in southern portugal, which is an international tourist destination, has been considered an endemic region of zoonotic leishmaniasis caused by leishmania infantum since the 1980s. in the present study, phlebotomine and canine surveys were conducted to identify sandfly blood meal sources and to update the occurrence of leishmania infection in vectors and dogs. four sandfly species were captured: phlebotomus perniciosus, phlebotomus ariasi, phlebotomus sergenti and sergento ... | 0 | 23827997 |
| an assessment of the genetic diversity of leishmania infantum isolates from infected dogs in brazil. | correlations between the genetic diversity of leishmania infantum (syn. l. chagasi) isolates and their respective geographic origins support the theoretic assumption that visceral leishmaniasis probably originated in the old world. because dogs are widely considered to be the main reservoir of this disease, the present study aimed to investigate the degree of genetic divergence among 44 leishmanial canine isolates from two brazilian cities, jequié and campo grande, located approximately 2,028 km ... | 0 | 22556077 |
| feeding preferences of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae), the sand fly vector, for leishmania infantum (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae). | leishmania infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in brazil, is spread mostly by the bite of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva). we trapped sand flies in endemic neighborhoods near natal, brazil, where cases of human and dog vl were documented. amplification of species-specific cytochrome b (cyt b) genes by polymerase chain reaction revealed that sand flies from rural and periurban areas harbored blood from different sources. the most common source ofbloodmea ... | 0 | 24605474 |
| the flagellar protein flag1/smp1 is a candidate for leishmania-sand fly interaction. | leishmaniasis is a serious problem that affects mostly poor countries. various species of leishmania are the agents of the disease, which take different clinical manifestations. the parasite is transmitted by sandflies, predominantly from the phlebotomus genus in the old world and lutzomyia in the new world. during development in the gut, leishmania must survive various challenges, which include avoiding being expelled with blood remnants after digestion. it is believed that attachment to the gu ... | 0 | 25793476 |
| development of leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi in its natural sandfly vector lutzomyia longipalpis. | we analyzed the development of leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi in its natural sandfly vector lutzomyia longipalpis. in addition, we compared sandfly infections initiated with axenic amastigotes or promastigotes. our data showed no important difference between lu. longipalpis infection rates resulting from either type of infections. furthermore, development of infection was equivalent in both cases. all promastigote forms were found inside the sandfly and, after blood digestion, most of ... | 0 | 22492144 |
| molecular detection of leishmania in phlebotomine sand flies in a cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in northeastern brazil. | several phlebotomine sand fly species have been regarded as putative or proven vectors of parasites of the genus leishmania in brazil, but data for the northeastern region remains incipient. in this study, a total of 600 phlebotomine sand flies were grouped in pools of 10 specimens each and tested by a leishmania genus-specific pcr and by a pcr targeting leishmania (leishmania) infantum. fourteen out of 60 pools were positive by the genus-specific pcr, being five pools of l. migonei, seven of l. ... | 0 | 25076439 |
| sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) associated with opossum nests at urban sites in southeastern brazil: a risk factor for urban and periurban zoonotic leishmania transmission? | sandflies associated with opossum nests are reported for the first time in the yards of residences located in the urban area of the municipality of monte mor, situated in the metropolitan region of campinas, state of são paulo, brazil. eleven specimens of evandromyia cortelezzii and one of evandromyia lenti were captured in two didelphis albiventris nests. ev. cortelezzii is considered a secondary vector species for the transmission of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (leishmania ... | 0 | 24789554 |
| spatial and temporal changes in lutzomyia longipalpis abundance, a leishmania infantum vector in an urban area in northeastern argentina. | this study aimed to analyse changes in the spatial distribution of lutzomyia longipalpis in posadas, an urban area located in northeastern argentina. data were obtained during the summer of 2007 and 2009 through two entomological surveys of peridomiciles distributed around the city. the abundance distribution pattern for 2009 was computed and compared with the previous pattern obtained in 2007, when the first human visceral leishmaniasis cases were reported in the city. vector abundance was also ... | 0 | 24271040 |
| first report of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi in an urban area of rio de janeiro, brazil. | american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) is an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus leishmania, and transmitted by sandflies. in the state of rio de janeiro, almost all of the cases of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) are caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, while cases of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) are caused by leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi. the resurgence of autochthonous vl cases in rio de janeiro is related to the geographic expansion of the vector ... | 0 | 26603237 |
| geographical expansion of canine visceral leishmaniasis in rio de janeiro state, brazil. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is a vector-borne disease that affects humans, and domestic and wild animals. it is caused by the protozoan leishmania (leishmania) infantum (syn = leishmania chagasi). the domestic dog (canis familiaris) is considered the main reservoir of the etiologic agent of vl in domestic and peridomestic environments. in the past three years, although control actions involving domestic dogs are routinely performed in endemic areas of the rio de janeiro state, new cases of canin ... | 0 | 26603233 |
| identification of leishmania infantum in puerto iguazú, misiones, argentina. | the emergence of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (zvl) in latin america is a growing public health problem. the urbanization of zvl has been observed in different countries around the world, and there are a growing number of reports drawing attention to the emergence of this infection in new locations, as well as its increase in previously established areas of endemicity. in the city of posadas, misiones province, northeastern argentina, the transmission of zvl associated with canines and lutzom ... | 0 | 25923899 |
| vectorborne transmission of leishmania infantum from hounds, united states. | leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by predominantly vectorborne leishmania spp. in the united states, canine visceral leishmaniasis is common among hounds, and l. infantum vertical transmission among hounds has been confirmed. we found that l. infantum from hounds remains infective in sandflies, underscoring the risk for human exposure by vectorborne transmission. | 0 | 26583260 |
| first case of autochthonous human visceral leishmaniasis in the urban center of rio de janeiro: case report. | visceral leishmaniasis is an anthropozoonosis that is caused by protozoa of the genus leishmania, especially leishmania (leishmania) infantum, and is transmitted to humans by the bite of sandflies of the genus lutzomyia, such as lutzomyia longipalpis. there are many reservoirs, including canis familiaris. it is a chronic infectious disease with systemic involvement that is characterized by three phases: the initial period, the state period and the final period. the main symptoms are fever, malnu ... | 0 | 24553614 |
| distinct cellular migration induced by leishmania infantum chagasi and saliva from lutzomyia longipalpis in a hemorrhagic pool model. | recruitment of a specific cell population after leishmania infection can influence the outcome of the disease. cellular migration in response to leishmania or vector saliva has been reported in air pouch model, however, cellular migration induced by leishmania associated with host's blood and vector saliva in this model has not been described. herein we investigated cellular migration into air pouch of hamster after stimulation with combination of l. chagasi and host's blood and lutzomyia longip ... | 0 | 24553604 |
| the effect of removing potentially infectious dogs on the numbers of canine leishmania infantum infections in an endemic area with high transmission rates. | to assess the effect of the rapid removal of potentially infectious dogs on the prevalence and incidence of canine infections, a prospective study was undertaken in an area endemic for leishmania infantum. we used serological testing based on the rapid dpp rk28 fusion protein chromatographic immunoassay for this dog screening-and-culling intervention trial. the outcome was evaluated by measuring seropositivity and sero-conversion/-reversion rates for canine infection. our estimates indicated tha ... | 0 | 22665602 |
| leishmania infantum and human visceral leishmaniasis, argentina. | 0 | 22305425 | |
| comparison of optical microscopy and quantitative polymerase chain reaction for estimating parasitaemia in patients with kala-azar and modelling infectiousness to the vector lutzomyia longipalpis. | currently, the only method for identifying infective hosts with leishmania infantum to the vector lutzomyia longipalpis is xenodiagnosis. more recently, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) has been used to model human reservoir competence by assuming that detection of parasite dna indicates the presence of viable parasites for infecting vectors. since this assumption has not been proven, this study aimed to verify this hypothesis. the concentration of amastigotes in the peripheral bloo ... | 0 | 27439033 |
| human and canine visceral leishmaniasis in an emerging focus in araçuaí, minas gerais: spatial distribution and socio-environmental factors. | this study aimed to analyse the spatial distribution of human (2007-2013) and canine (2013) visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in the city of araçuaí, minas gerais, brazil, and identify the socio-environmental factors related to their occurrence. the spatial distribution of human and canine cases was analysed by kernel density estimation (kde) and the k function. the kde values were analysed for correlation between human and canine lv and for normalised difference vegetation index (ndvi). socio-environ ... | 0 | 27384080 |
| leishmania infantum chagasi in northeastern brazil: asymptomatic infection at the urban perimeter. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is endemic in large cities in brazil, including natal. we determined the prevalence of asymptomatic human infection with leishmania infantum chagasi and associated environmental risks around natal. infection was detected by leishmania skin test (lst) and anti-leishmanial antibodies in humans and anti-leishmanial antibodies in dogs. amongst 345 humans, 24.6% were seropositive, and 38.6% were lst-positive. prevalence of positive serology was similar in both sexes and ac ... | 0 | 22232458 |
| new challenges in the epidemiology and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in periurban areas. | visceral leishmaniasis [vl] represents a major public health problem in many areas of the world. this review focuses on the impact of periurbanization on the epidemiology and treatment of vl, using brazil as an example. vl continues to be mostly a disease of poverty with impact on families. however, the disease has expanded in latin america, with foci reported as far south as argentina. there is an increasing overlap of leishmania infantum chagasi and hiv infections and other immunosuppressive c ... | 0 | 25821334 |
| a comparative study of leishmania infantum of infantile kala azar and leptomonas (herpetomonas) ctenocephali parasitic in the gut of the dog flea. | 1919 | 19972481 | |
| the action in vitro of some aromatic diamidines on a sudan strain of leishmania infantum. | 1948 | 18915540 | |
| [leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908, the agent of the autochthonous oriental sore. apropos of the biochemical identification of 2 strains isolated in the eastern pyrenees]. | two strains of parasites isolated from cases of oriental sore in the pyrénées-orientales were identified by electrophoretic analysis of eight isoenzymes (pgm, pgi, g-6-pdh, 6-pgdh, idh, mdh, me and got). both strains were identical with leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908, which normally causes visceral leishmaniasis. it is probable that, in the mediterranean region, some cutaneous lesions observed within the area of visceral leishmaniasis are caused by this species rather than by leishmania tropi ... | 1980 | 6780226 |
| [significance of enzymatic polymorphism in leishmaniae--on three heterozygous stocks of leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908, leishmania cf. tarentolae wenyon, 1921 and leishmania aethiopica bray, ashford and bray, 1973 (author's transl)]. | the analysis of 8 isoenzymes (pgm, pgi, g-6-pdh, 6-pgdh, idh, mdh, me, got)of 49 stocks of leishmaniae [35 of leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908, 10 of leishmania cf. tarentolae wenyon, 1921, 2 of leishmania tropica (wright, 1903) and 2 of leishmania aethiopica bray, ashford and bray, 1973] revealed heterozygous structures in three stocks. these structures were expressed by two (pgm) or three (pgi, 6-pgdh) spots on the electrophoretic gels. two stocks were heterozygous for pgi alone [one of l. in ... | 1981 | 7332193 |
| [growth of leishmania infantum in continuous culture]. | it has been studied the continuous growth of a leishmania infantum canine strain from marseille. the authors used a modified liquid medium with panmed : foetal calf serum and calf serum. they used a bench to chemistat at 24 degrees c. with an optimum concentration inoculum they obtained a diphasic growth curve with a first exponential phase from the third to the fifth day, in which the average time of generation is 15 hours and 20 minutes, and a second growth phase from the ninth to the eleventh ... | 1981 | 6452935 |
| leishmaniasis in greece i. isolation and identification of the parasite causing human and canine visceral leishmaniasis. | three human and 19 canine leishmanial stocks were typed according to their excreted factor serotype and the electrophoretic mobility of their mdh, gpi, g6pdh and 6pgdh and shown to be identical with regard to these characters and, thus with leishmania donovani infantum. this verifies the opinion of earlier researchers, who suggested that the parasites which cause human and canine visceral leishmaniasis in greece are the same organism and that dogs are the reservoir for the human infection. the c ... | 1984 | 6383236 |
| the characterization by isoenzyme electrophoresis of leishmania isolated in the people's republic of china. | seven isolates of leishmania from mainland china were characterized on the basis of their isoenzyme profiles for 10 enzymes. five isolates were from human visceral leishmaniasis patients, and four of these showed isoenzyme patterns similar to the marker strain of leishmania infantum, while one was similar to l. donovani sensu lato. one isolate was from a presumed reservoir host of human visceral leishmaniasis, the racoon dog nyctereutes procyanoides, and was isoenzymically indistinguishable from ... | 1984 | 6506159 |
| [ecology of leishmaniasis in southern france. 18. enzymatic identification of leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908, isolated from phlebotomus ariasi tonnoir, 1921, spontaneously infected in the cévennes]. | out of 187 female phlebotomus ariasi caught in the cévennes focus of leishmaniasis 3 were found naturally infected with leishmania. the infection in one of the three had spread from the midgut to the pharynx and proboscis. stocks of leishmania were isolated from two of the flies and 8 isoenzymes were examined. the newly isolated parasites were found to be indistinguishable from zymodeme 1 of leishmania infantum s. st. | 1984 | 6486620 |
| [efficacy of the vaccination of c57bl/6 mice against infection with different species of leishmania]. | antigens were isolated from lysates of promastigotes of leishmania infantum by electro-elution from polyacrylamide gels. antigens with respective molecular weights for f2 = 94-67 kd; f5 = 30-20 kd and f6 below 20 kd, were injected intravenously in c 57 bl/6 mice. the immune sera were studied by indirect immunofluorescence; an in vivo test showed their inhibitory effect on the life cycle of several leishmania species from the old and the new world. furthermore, mice immunized with f2, f5 or f6 we ... | 1985 | 3936605 |
| [isolation and in vivo behavior of the etiologic agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in italy]. | tentatives of culturing in vivo and in vitro the etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in italy have in the past been carried out by several authors without, however, obtaining stable culture. the use of lhc inbred hamsters, treated with cortisone acetate, gives the possibility of isolating the parasite from human cutaneous lesions. the parasite is localized in the internal organs (spleen, liver and bone marrow) of the host, regardless of the site of inoculation. the infection is similar ... | 1985 | 3870640 |
| laboratory transmission of leishmania infantum to rattus rattus by the bite of experimentally infected phlebotomus perniciosus. | the role of the sandfly species phlebotomus perniciosus parrot in laboratory transmission of leishmania infantum was investigated. one of the wild reservoirs of the disease, the black rat (rattus rattus), was used as vertebrate host. the parasite was transmitted by the bite of experimentally infected p. perniciosus to the black rat which, six months later, was infective to the same sandfly species. these experimental data confirm the role of p. perniciosus in the transmission of l. infantum, as ... | 1985 | 4082264 |
| imported canine visceral leishmaniasis in denmark. | the first case of imported visceral leishmaniasis in the dog in denmark, and probably in scandinavia, is described. the dog, a 5-year-old female wire-haired bird dog, became ill about 21 months after it had returned from a year's stay in spain (malaga). the clinical signs were fever, lameness, enlargement of the popliteal lymph nodes and weight loss. a tentative clinical diagnosis of leukaemia was discarded after the microscopic recognition of leishmania organisms in a biopsy from a popliteal ly ... | 1985 | 3991351 |
| [ecology of leishmaniasis in the south of france. 21. influence of temperature on the development of leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908 in phlebotomus ariasi tonnoir, 1921. experimental study]. | the influence of temperature on the life-cycle of leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908 (isolated from a dog in the cévennes) in a known vector (phlebotomus ariasi tonnoir, 1921) was studied with special reference to the proportion of flies infected and the intensity and localization of parasites in the sandfly. wild female sandflies were caught at night by active searches and were put with a heavily infected dog in a mosquito net on the night of capture. on the following morning, engorged females w ... | 1985 | 4062175 |
| [monoclonal antibodies against defined leishmania antigens protect mice against infection by different species of leishmania]. | mice monoclonal antibodies (igg) have been raised against leishmania infantum promastigotes by fusing sp 2/0 myeloma cells and immunized mice splenic cells. the monoclonal antibodies have been detected by indirect immunofluorescence. in vivo tests showed that some of them could inhibit the life cycle of several leishmania species from the old and the new world. studies of these protective monoclonals by the western blot technique showed the presence of three constant antigens (40 kd, 70 kd and 1 ... | 1985 | 3922585 |
| [a new enzymatic variant of leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908, agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern algeria]. | for the first time, the pathogenic agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the north of algeria has been identified as leishmania infantum s.1. the parasite was found to be a newly discovered enzymatic variant (zymodeme 24) differing by two electromorphs from a variant isolated in france (zymodeme 11) from the same type of lesion. until now, the dermotropic zymodemes of algeria and france have not been seen in cases of visceral leishmaniasis of the mediterranean basin. | 1985 | 3985532 |
| [experimental assessment of the ability of different species of sandfly to transmit the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis]. | the authors succeeded in transmission of the visceral leishmaniasis agent (kazakh strain of leishmania infantum) through the sand flies phlebotomus longiductus, p. smirnovi and p. papatasi under experimental conditions. infected p. longiductus and p. smirnovi are capable of preserving the agent and infecting the susceptible mammals after the cessation of the 1st and 2nd gonotrophic cycles. p. papatasi transmitted the agent of visceral leishmaniasis only after the cessation of the 2nd gonotrophic ... | 1986 | 3737235 |
| phagocytosis of leishmania infantum promastigotes by monocytes isolated from leishmania-infected dogs. | fifteen dogs with generalised leishmaniasis have been evaluated for their monocyte capacity to ingest leishmania promastigotes. these cells displayed a lower phagocytic ability when compared to monocytes recovered from normal dogs. moreover, sera from leishmania-infected dogs caused a remarkable decrease of monocyte phagocytic ability in healthy dogs, whereas sera from healthy dogs could restore monocyte phagocytosis in sick animals. similar results were seen when candida albicans was used as st ... | 1986 | 3520243 |
| leishmania infantum, causative organism of visceral leishmaniasis at biskra (algeria) | 1986 | 3603629 | |
| two episodes of cutaneous leishmaniasis in man caused by different zymodemes of leishmania infantum s.l. | 1986 | 3603630 | |
| inhibition in vivo of both infective leishmania major and l. mexicana amazonensis mediated by a single monoclonal antibody. | monoclonal antibodies raised against a strain of leishmania infantum isolated in greece were produced and tested for their protective effect in an in vivo system (in balb/c mice). a single monoclonal antibody, igg2b isotype, can prevent the development of two leishmania strains in vivo: one of l. major and one of l. mexicana amazonensis. this antibody-mediated protection may be dependent on complement. | 1986 | 3787687 |
| leishmaniasis in sardinia: ii. natural infection of phlebotomus perniciosus newstead, 1911, by leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908, in the province of cagliari. | two promastigote-infected specimens of phlebotomus perniciosus newstead, 1911, were found in the province of cagliari, italy. the parasites from one specimen were successfully cultured in a hamster. the isolate was typed on 11 enzymes and shown to be identical with the reference strain of leishmania infantum s.st. this is the first typing of a leishmanial organism from naturally infected p. perniciosus. | 1986 | 3798544 |
| susceptibility of cebus nigrivittatus to leishmania infantum. | 1986 | 3746568 | |
| application of an in vivo culture system for rapid demonstration of anti-leishmania activity of monoclonal antibodies. | in mice, infection with leishmania by the subcutaneous route becomes evident after about 2 months. this delay impedes the selection of monoclonal antibodies able to interfere with the infectiousness of the parasite. using an in vivo culture system--intraperitoneal injection of tg 180 sarcoma cells along with promastigotes or amastigotes--it was possible to define within 15 to 20 days a monoclonal antibody preventing the development of leishmania. pretreatment of promastigotes and amastigotes of ... | 1987 | 3617179 |
| honeydew of aphids as a source of sugar for phlebotomus ariasi. | wild-caught phlebotomus ariasi tonnoir, starved until their sugar meals had been digested, were caged for 24 h with plants or plants infested with aphids and then tested for fructose, a constituent of plant sap. no evidence was found that the flies took sap directly from nine types of plants present in their habitat. about two-thirds of flies caged with oak (quercus ilex l.) infested with an aphid [lachnus roboris (l.)] and about a fifth kept with leaves of the french bean (phaseolus vulgaris l. ... | 1987 | 2979545 |
| leishmania infantum infection rates in phlebotomus perniciosus fed on naturally infected dogs under antimonial treatment. | dogs naturally infected with leishmania infantum nicolle were treated with three courses of meglumine antimoniate. changes were observed in the dogs' clinical signs, antibody titres and in infection rates of phlebotomus perniciosus newstead fed on the dogs. a large reduction in the sandfly infection rate was observed for 4-5 months after the first treatment. the use of antimonial drugs is advocated for the control of canine leishmaniasis and to reduce risks of l.infantum transmission. | 1987 | 2979550 |
| the life expectancy of phlebotomine sandflies: first field estimates from southern france. | 1. a field study of phlebotomus ariasi tonnoir, the vector of leishmania infantum nicolle in southern france, addressed the following questions: is it possible to estimate reliably the life expectancy of this sandfly; can spatial or temporal variation in the life expectancy be detected, and is such variation significant for disease transmission? 2. life expectancy was estimated by examining follicular relics in the ovaries of more than ten thousand females caught in light traps at seven sites in ... | 1987 | 2979558 |
| evolution of the genus leishmania as revealed by comparisons of nuclear dna restriction fragment patterns. | restriction endonuclease dna fragment patterns have been used to examine the relationships among 28 isolates of leishmania as well as crithidia, endotrypanum, and trypanosoma cruzi. fragments of nuclear dna were generated with six restriction enzymes, and blots were hybridized with probes from three loci. among the major lineages the fragment patterns are essentially completely different, while within the major lineages various degrees of divergence are found. molecular evolutionary trees were c ... | 1987 | 3025876 |
| leishmania infantum sensu lato as an agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in abruzzi region (italy). | the extreme difficulty of culturing in vitro parasites from italian causes of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) has so far been a handicap to their biochemical identification. a technique based on the "transient growth" of promastigotes originating from parasites visceralized in lhc inbred hamsters was used. through this technique, promastigote extracts of seven leishmania isolates from cl cases from the abruzzi region were obtained. isoenzyme profiles of these isolates and reference strains of l. tr ... | 1987 | 3617184 |
| a new leishmania infantum enzymatic variant, agent of an urban visceral case unresponsive to drugs. | 1987 | 3503411 | |
| note on the history of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the mediterranean and middle east area. | there exist records of what seems to be cutaneous leishmaniasis at least as far back as 650 bc, and possibly much earlier in the tigris/euphrates basin. it was described by avicenna in the 10th century ad, and was well-known in aleppo and baghdad by the 18th century ad. cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania infantum may have occurred in crete in the 18th century. artificial transmission was effected in algeria and aleppo in the 18th century. | 1987 | 3334081 |
| leishmania infecting man and wild animals in saudi arabia. 4. canine cutaneous leishmaniasis in the eastern province. | cutaneous leishmaniasis was detected in 4 of 117 feral dogs, none of which presented any evidence of visceral involvement, in the al-hassa area of saudi arabia where neither leishmania infantum nor l. tropica are transmitted. the parasites isolated from 3 of the animals were identified by biochemical techniques as l. major, l. arabica and leishmania zymodeme 62 respectively. clinically, and in their histology, the lesions closely resembled those caused in man in the same geographical area by l. ... | 1987 | 3503410 |
| the promastigote surface protease of leishmania donovani infantum in the midgut of phlebotomus perniciosus. | 1987 | 2892377 | |
| leishmania infantum, the aetiological agent of american visceral leishmaniasis (avl)? | 1987 | 3333812 | |
| natural infection of phlebotomus perfiliewi with leishmania infantum in a cutaneous leishmaniasis focus of the abruzzi region, italy. | one out of 213 phlebotomus perfiliewi caught from an endemic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in abruzzi region (italy) was naturally infected with promastigotes. the parasites were grown in culture medium and in a hamster, typed by the examination of 11 isoenzymes, and found to be indistinguishable from leishmania infantum s.st. (montpellier zymodeme 1). the probable role of p. perfiliewi in the transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to l. infantum s.l. in the focus is discussed. | 1987 | 3445341 |
| natural infections of phlebotomine sandflies with trypanosomatidae in central and south italy. | in a survey of leishmania infections of phlebotomine sandflies caught in central and south italy in 1986, zymodeme mon-1 (montpellier 1) of leishmania infantum was isolated from phlebotomus perniciosus and l. tarentolae [= trypanosoma platydactyli?] was isolated from sergentomyia minuta, providing for mainland italy the first direct proof of these long-suspected parasite-vector associations. the roles of p. perfiliewi and p. perniciosus in the transmission of leishmania spp. in italy are discuss ... | 1988 | 3188148 |
| vaccination and treatment trials against murine leishmaniasis with semi-purified leishmania antigens. | antigens with molecular weight ranges of 94-67 kda (lif2), 30-20 kda (lif5), or below 20 kda (lif6), isolated from lysates of leishmania infantum promastigotes by electroelution from polyacrylamide gels were injected into mice which were genetically either partially resistant (c57bl/6) or susceptible (balb/c) to leishmania infection. one month after the completion of the intravenous (c57bl/6) or subcutaneous (balb/c) schedules, the mice were challenged with 1 x 10(3) l. major promastigotes. all ... | 1988 | 3232174 |
| isolation and typing of leishmania infantum from phlebotomus neglectus on the island of corfu, greece. | 1988 | 3232178 | |
| [clinico-epidemiologic forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis in tunisia]. | from an analysis of 1,546 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis collected throughout tunisia three clinico-epidemiological forms could be determined. these forms are due to three different species of leishmania and are observed in different geographical areas. sporadic cutaneous leishmaniasis (scl), 63 cases. this form is found in northern tunisia, in known foci of kala-azar. 96% of the patients have a single, small, ulcerated and crusty lesion on the face surrounded by an important zone of infiltrat ... | 1988 | 3242407 |
| identification of monomeric and oligomeric forms of a major leishmania infantum antigen by using monoclonal antibodies. | ten monoclonal antibodies (mabs) produced against isolated leishmania infantum membranes were used as probes of l. infantum membrane antigens. western blots of l. infantum membranes, sodium dodecyl sulfate solubilized and heated at 100 degrees c before analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, showed that all 10 mabs recognized a band at 58 kilodaltons (kda). however, when solubilized membranes were not heated, 2 of the 10 mabs recognized, in addition to the 58-kda b ... | 1988 | 3281902 |
| in vitro assessment of anti-leishmania immunity of man acquired with a vaccine. | monocytes, obtained from a human volunteer immunized with a leishmania infantum-derived vaccine, when cultured in vitro displayed a strong parasiticidal activity against l. major promastigotes. in addition, immune serum conferred leishmanicidal activities to monocytes of normal, unexposed donors, and to murine macrophages. | 1988 | 3350121 |
| ribosome-inactivating proteins from plants inhibit ribosome activity of trypanosoma and leishmania. | ribosomes from trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and from leishmania infantum were isolated and optimal conditions for in vitro translation were established. the effect of ribosome-inactivating proteins extracted from several plants was then assessed in order to identify those suitable for the preparation of immunotoxins against these organisms. ribosomes from both species were inactivated by some ribosome-inactivating proteins (dianthins, saporins, pokeweed antiviral proteins, and the ribosome-ina ... | 1988 | 3183997 |
| immunization of dogs with a leishmania infantum-derived vaccine. | a partially-purified extract of leishmania infantum has been administered to healthy dogs. post-immunization sera were found to neutralize the infectivity of l. infantum and to abate the development of l. major. muramyl dipeptide and one of its derivates, murabutide, were the best adjuvants. | 1988 | 3291382 |
| is leishmania infantum an opportunistic parasite in patients with anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibodies? | 1988 | 3365090 | |
| structural and ultrastructural hepatic changes in experimental canine leishmaniasis. | six 4 month-old beagles were inoculated with leishmania donovani infantum, three of them intraperitoneally (group a) and the other three intravenously (group b). the animals from group a were killed 109, 433 and 592 days after inoculation and animals from group b 109, 171 and 334 after inoculation. the liver of each of them was examined by means of light and electron microscopy. the lesions observed in both groups were very similar, but developed more rapidly in group b. a chronic hepatitis appe ... | 1988 | 2980240 |
| specific serodiagnosis of canine leishmaniasis by indirect immunofluorescence, indirect hemagglutination, and counterimmunoelectrophoresis. | the increased prevalence of leishmaniasis in dogs in mediterranean countries has necessitated use of a reliable specific method of immunodiagnosis. research was carried out on 88 dogs, among which were 26 with severe clinical leishmaniasis (group a), 15 with mild signs of disease (group b), and 11 without signs of disease (group c); in addition, 15 were healthy (group d) and 21 were affected with various other diseases (group e). dogs of groups d and e were used as controls. infection was confir ... | 1988 | 3052194 |
| studies on canine leishmaniasis control. 1. evolution of infection of different clinical forms of canine leishmaniasis following antimonial treatment. | 81 dogs naturally infected with leishmania infantum in the isle of elba, italy, were treated with meglumine antimoniate (glucantime). 36 of them (45.5%) were asymptomatic cases. 4-24 months after treatment the dogs were clinically and serologically examined; the recovery rates were 47.2% for asymptomatic cases, 33.3% for oligosymptomatic cases, and 11.1% for symptomatic cases. furthermore, treatment had prevented the development of patent disease in 90% of non-recovered asymptomatic cases, where ... | 1988 | 3076714 |
| [humoral response in leishmania infantum clinical infections]. | we sought a specific humoral response in man in order to find an antigenic marker of leishmania infantum infection. this study was carried out by the western blot technique; 42 sera from human patients were analysed on a standard electrophoretic pattern (sds-page) of l. infantum antigens. patient sera reacted specifically with 4 (160-, 140-, 94- and 79-kd) antigens, and reactive antibodies were igg. we suggest that these antigens may be used for diagnosis of l. infantum visceral leishmaniasis. | 1988 | 3166748 |
| [a simple method for cloning leishmania spp]. | a rapid and simple technique for isolation of clones of leishmania spp. was developed. this method consists to adapt promastigote forms of leishmania infantum to an easily realized medium: the panmede solid medium. we obtained cloned-population of this parasite for epidemiologic and toxonomic studies. | 1988 | 3421644 |
| vaccine-induced immunity against cutaneous leishmaniasis in balb/c mice. | partially purified antigens, derived from leishmania infantum or l. major promastigotes and isolated under reducing conditions, were used to immunize balb/c mice. three subcutaneous injections of the 64- to 97-kilodalton preparation in conjunction with muramyl dipeptide conferred long-lasting immunity against l. mexicana subsp. mexicana and l. major infection; they led to the development of antibodies neutralizing the infectiousness of promastigotes, induced specific delayed-hypersensitivity rea ... | 1988 | 3346074 |
| putrescine transport system in leishmania infantum promastigotes. | a transport system for putrescine in leishmania infantum (= l. donovani infantum) promastigotes has been identified and characterized by measuring the uptake of radioactively labelled putrescine. putrescine uptake was time- and temperature-dependent without any accumulation taking place at 0 degrees c. uptake of putrescine was maximal at ph values near neutrality. putrescine uptake showed an apparent km = 1.08 +/- 0.12 microm and a vmax = 1.74 + 0.62 pmol min-1 (10(6) cells)-1. the effect of met ... | 1989 | 2503722 |
| in vivo effect of eflornithine (dfmo) and some related compounds on leishmania infantum preliminary communication. | an in vivo method was used to test the effect of eflornithine (dfmo) and five related compounds on leishmania infantum amastigotes. treatment with 100 mg/kg sc for 5 days of leishmania infected balb/c mice yielded a parasite inhibition ranging from 56% (compound 2, "reverse arginine") to 85% (eflornithine), these values being lower than that obtained with the reference compound glucantime (93%). in long-term treatment (40 days) the two selected compounds, eflornithine and 3 ("reverse homoarginin ... | 1989 | 2517472 |
| analysis of renal immune-deposits in canine leishmaniasis. preliminary results. | previous studies carried out on 34 dogs spontaneously infected by leishmania infantum showed the presence of kidney lesions characterized by immunologically mediated glomerular and tubular damage. glomerular immune-deposits were studied in 13 of these dogs. immunoglobulins were isolated from kidney tissues by acid elution; igg fractions from eluates, obtained by ammonium sulfate precipitation, were subjected to clonotypic analysis by autoradiography after isoelectrofocusing (ief) using 125i radi ... | 1989 | 2535031 |
| [simultaneous presence in dogs of 2 zymodemes of the leishmania infantum complex]. | the concomitant presence of two zymodemes of the leishmania infantum complex. mon-1 and mon-77, is reported in a dog with diffuse leishmaniasis. the zymodemes were present in both the skin and lymph nodes. possible explanations for the presence of the two zymodemes are discussed. | 1989 | 2817695 |
| study on genetic polymorphism of leishmania infantum through the analysis of restriction enzyme digestion patterns of kinetoplast dna. | twenty-nine leishmania infantum strains characterized by different host source, tropism and belonging to 6 zymodemes, were examined by restriction enzyme analysis of kinetoplast dna (kdna) using 15 endonucleases. the enzymes which produced only one fragment revealed full identity between all the strains examined, while those producing many bands gave different electrophoretic patterns. they were interpreted with the aid of numerical analyses (cluster and multifactorial analysis). the results sho ... | 1989 | 2558337 |
| [leishmania infantum mon-98, a new zymodem isolated from human visceral leishmaniasis in egypt (el agamy)]. | 1989 | 2735704 | |
| visceral leishmaniasis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). | in an 8-month period nine patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection were diagnosed as having visceral leishmaniasis; all diagnoses were based on cultures (eight from bone marrow and one from the skin). visceral leishmaniasis developed before full-blown acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in seven patients and at the same time as or after aids in the other two patients. three patients had a history of leishmaniasis. clinical manifestations and laboratory findings were atypi ... | 1989 | 2742248 |
| vaccination trial against canine visceral leishmaniasis. phocean veterinary study group on visceral leishmaniasis. | in a double-blind study 393 seronegative dogs, residing in a holoendemic area for leishmania donovani infantum infection, were randomly assigned to an immunization with a partly purified l.d. infantum-derived preparation, or received adjuvant only. during the first year of the study period the rate of infection was significantly higher in the vaccinated group than in the control one (p less than 0.05), but this difference disappeared during the second year (p = 0.44). since a similar immunizatio ... | 1989 | 2780090 |
| chromosome size and number polymorphisms in leishmania infantum suggest amplification/deletion and possible genetic exchange. | we have studied the molecular karyotypes of 21 strains and 14 clones of leishmania infantum using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge). we detected a high degree of polymorphism within this species, with 'strain-specific' patterns for most isolates, even within a restricted endemic area. variations relate to both the size of chromosomes (270-2600 kb) and their number, which can vary from 24 to 31 between closely related isolates. this polymorphism does not correlate with isoenzyme analysis. s ... | 1989 | 2770788 |
| successful in vitro isolation and cultivation of italian dermotropic strains of leishmania infantum sensu lato. | 1989 | 2603211 | |
| [leishmania infantum mon-24 cutaneous leishmaniasis observed in grassa (alpes-maritimes) in a tunisian child]. | 1989 | 2624379 | |
| [eco-epidemiology of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in the yemen arab republic. i. presence, in sympatric condition, of leishmania infantum and leishmania donovani complexes]. | in complement to a previous survey, the authors proceed to the analysis of strains isolated from visceral human and canine leishmaniasis. finally, among eight human strains isolated and identified with an enzymatic method, seven belong to the leishmania donovani complex and one to the l. infantum complex. the l. donovani complex is represented by the mon-31 and mon-83 zymodem. the first one is also present in saudi arabia and ethiopia. the second one, corresponding to a small variant, pleads for ... | 1989 | 2633874 |
| application of a direct agglutination test for detection of specific anti-leishmania antibodies in the canine reservoir. | a direct agglutination test (dat) for detection of visceral leishmaniasis in humans has been developed. in this study, it was evaluated for applicability to detection of infections in dogs, a reservoir species. the reliability of the test was improved by treating the test sera with 0.2 m 2-mercaptoethanol and incubating them at 37 degrees c. sensitivity was 100% and specificity was 98.9% when the test was used on serum samples from 220 dogs, including 26 with parasitologically confirmed canine l ... | 1989 | 2685025 |
| visceral leishmaniasis: a seroepidemiological study of 289 children from endemic foci in azad jammu and kashmir by indirect fluorescent antibody technique. | between january '85 and august '87, 22 cases of vl were seen at national institute of health, islamabad. three (14.6%) came from the previously known endemic region of gilgit, 15 (68.1%) from different localities in azad jammu and kashmir (aj&k), and 4 (17.3%) from neighbouring foci in nwfp and punjab. mean age of the patients was 4.2 years, (range, 10 months to 57 years) median 2.5 years and mode 2 years. high levels of leishmania antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescent antibody ... | 1989 | 2511344 |
| [visceral leishmaniasis in ordubad district, nakhichevan assr]. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) focus in the ordubad district of the nakhichevan assr has become active for the last years. complex study of the focus, performed in 1985-1987, allowed to establish the following: vl causative agent, circulating in the ordubad district belongs to the leishmania infantum species. it was identified by isoenzymatic analysis (for 12 enzymes) and the adler serological test. disease cases prevailed in the upper part of the town of ordubad and were confined to a small area ( ... | 1989 | 2528672 |
| [similarity of the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis from iraq and leishmania tropica based on the molecular parameters of kinetoplast dna]. | restriction analysis demonstrated that the cleavage pattern of kinetoplast dna of visceral leishmaniasis causative agent from iraq was similar to that of the anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis causative agent leishmania tropica, and differed from that of the kinetoplast dna of leishmania infantum and l. donovani, typical visceral leishmaniasis causative agents. similarity was established both for maxi- and minicycle molecules of the kinetoplast dna. evolutionary relation between l. tropica an ... | 1989 | 2550756 |
| a kinetoplast dna probe diagnostic for leishmania major: sequence homologies between regions of leishmania minicircles. | a restriction fragment from a cloned kinetoplast minicircle dna has been shown to be diagnostic for leishmania major. this 402-bp taqi fragment has been used routinely (as a radiolabelled probe) to detect 10(4) parasites in simple dot blots, both experimentally and in epidemiological surveys. it positively identified all stocks of l. major tested (including all six known zymodemes) and showed very low homology to kinetoplast dna (kdna) and chromosomal dna of leishmania infantum and leishmania tr ... | 1989 | 2558320 |
| erosive colitis in experimental canine leishmaniasis. | six 4 month-old beagles were inoculated with leishmania infantum, three of them intraperitoneally (group a) and the other three intravenously (group b). the animals from group a were killed at 109, 433 and 592 days after inoculation and animals from group b 109, 171 and 334 days after inoculation. at 350 days (group a) and 275 days (group b) after inoculation, dogs started to develop a chronic large bowel diarrhoea. at necropsy a diffuse colonic and rectal wall thickening of gradually increasing ... | 1990 | 2396485 |
| amyloidosis in adrenal glands of hamsters experimentally infected with leishmania infantum. | thirty 10-week-old hamsters were inoculated intraperitoneally with leishmania infantum amastigotes and were serially killed after 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 89-90 days. the adrenal glands of each of them were examined by means of light and electron microscopy. the cortex and medulla of the adrenal gland showed a progressive deposition of amyloid, selectively identified by both optical and ultrastructural techniques. it has been suggested that adrenal amyloidosis during visceral leishmaniasis is dire ... | 1990 | 2134376 |
| interclonal variations in molecular karyotype in leishmania infantum imply a 'mosaic' strain structure. | the molecular karyotypes of 36 clones derived from 8 strains of leishmania infantum were examined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. although there appeared to be a high degree of genetic relatedness between the clones and the parent strain, a limited degree of polymorphism was noted in 50% of the clones, expressed mainly as the presence of an additional chromosome or as a chromosome size modification. repeated subcloning in one strain showed that chromosomal rearrangements could occur during ... | 1990 | 1971914 |
| experimental transmission of leishmania infantum by the bite of phlebotomus perniciosus from switzerland. | the possible role of the sandfly phlebotomus perniciosus in the transmission of leishmania infantum in southern switzerland was investigated. it was found that the syrian golden hamster (mesocricetus auratus) could be infected by the bite of experimentally infected p. perniciosus females from canton ticino, in southern switzerland. this showed that this sandfly species could indeed be a vector for l. infantum in this area. however, as the population density of p. perniciosus is relatively low in ... | 1990 | 1973022 |
| [study of cellular immunity in patients with mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis]. | cellular immunity against leishmania infantum antigens was studied in visceral leishmaniasis patients and healthy subjects living in a endemic area. only the healthy subjects were ttl positive with production of gamma interferon, whereas the visceral leishmaniasis patients presented a transitory inhibition of their specific cellular response mechanisms. | 1990 | 2222009 |
| [determination of circulating antibodies in cutaneous leishmaniasis by immunofluorescence test]. | using a gradient purified leishmania donovani infantum antigen, the sensitivity and specificity of the iif test in detecting anti-leishmania antibodies are investigated. the "purified" antigen increases the specificity and sensitivity of the iif test, at the same time, eliminating false positiviness caused by connective diseases, tuberculosis, etc. | 1990 | 2228038 |
| mucocutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania (leishmania) infantum: biochemical characterization. | a vegetative mass in the right nasal cavity of a 62-year-old man from palma de mallorca, spain, was found to be due to leishmania. the organism was isolated in culture and characterized by in situ hybridization, southern blot hybridization, and isoenzyme analysis; it was thus demonstrated to be the most common enzyme variant 1 (mon 1) of leishmania (leishmania) infantum. | 1990 | 2267965 |
| [the identification of leishmania isolates obtained from patients and dogs with visceral leishmaniasis in the turkmen ssr]. | using electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel, 11 isolates have been detected by 8 enzymes (pgi, pgm, 6-pgd, mdg, g-6-pgd, me, alat, asat) from patients with visceral leishmaniasis and dogs in the turkmen ssr. the isolates were obtained from different areas of the republic varying in landscape and climatic conditions. the isolates were maintained by passages on golden hamsters. no long-lasting leishmania culture has been obtained on the nutrition medium for any of the isolates. parasite biomass wa ... | 1990 | 2149740 |
| [leishmania infantum mon-1 isolated from phlebotomus perniciosus, in kabylia (algeria)]. | 1990 | 2080833 | |
| [cell fusion in leishmania (kinetoplastida, trypanosomatidae)]. | cell fusion in leishmania infantum and l. tropica was recorded by means of a camera and a video system. promastigotes were obtained from cultures in both cases. fusion began with attachment of the posterior extremities of two ovoid flagellates. complete fusion, with disappearance of adjacent cell membranes took about five minutes. in parallel, the flagella appear larger and shorter. these observations support the hypothesis of genetic exchanges suggested by analysis of dna and enzymatic proteins ... | 1990 | 2111197 |
| evidence of transferrin binding sites on the surface of leishmania promastigotes. | a glycoprotein of 78,000 molecular mass (78 kda), associated with the membrane of leishmania infantum promastigotes, was identified and immunopurified by monoclonal antibody (mab) ld9 produced against isolated membrane preparations. mab ld9 was subsequently found to bind to human transferrin, also of 78 kda. binding of ld9 to transferrin was completely abolished when the mab was preabsorbed by leishmania membranes, thereby indicating that the 78-kda leishmania membrane-associated glycoprotein an ... | 1990 | 1702420 |
| trypanosoma cruzi: differential expression and distribution of an 85-kda polypeptide epitope by in vitro developmental stages. | the expression by trypanosoma cruzi developmental stages of an 85-kda polypeptide epitope defined by the 155d3 monoclonal antibody (mab) has been investigated. immunoprecipitation revealed the presence of an 85-kda antigen in the np-40 soluble extract of parasites freshly released from infected fibroblasts; this antigen was not found in epimastigote and leishmania infantum promastigote. indirect immunofluorescence revealed that the mab 155d3 failed to react with trypomastigotes, whereas extracel ... | 1990 | 1695578 |