Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| multiple-stage linear ion-trap with high resolution mass spectrometry towards complete structural characterization of phosphatidylethanolamines containing cyclopropane fatty acyl chain in leishmania infantum. | the structures of phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) in leishmania infantum are unique in that they consist of a rare cyclopropane fatty acid (cfa) containing pe subfamily, including cfa-containing plasmalogen pe species. in this contribution, we applied multiple-stage linear ion-trap combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry to define the structures of pes that were desorbed as [m - h](-) and [m - h + 2li](+) ions by esi, respectively. the structural information arising from ms(n) on both the ... | 0 | 24619546 |
| anti-toll-like receptor 2 and 4 antibodies suppress inflammatory response in mice. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) 2 and 4 recognize different endogenous and exogenous agonists and play a distinct role in infection and inflammation. however, their ultimate effect in a given infectious and inflammatory disease is less understood. we produced polyclonal anti-murine tlr2 and tlr4 antibodies and investigated their effect on cutaneous leishmaniasis and inflammatory arthritis. administration of these antibodies to susceptible balb/c mice, infected in the footpad with leishmania major, re ... | 0 | 24801735 |
| distribution, fauna and seasonal variation of sandflies, simultaneous detection of nuclear internal transcribed spacer ribosomal dna gene of leishmania major in rhombomys opimus and phlebotomus papatasi, in natanz district in central part of iran. | zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) due to leishmania major is increasing in many parts of iran. this disease originally is a disease found in gerbils. leishmania parasites are transmitted by sandflies that live and breed in gerbil burrows. nested pcr amplified leishmania its1-5.8s rrna gene in both main reservoir host "rhombomys opimus" and in the "phlebotomus papatasi" main vector of zcl, in iran. population differentiation and seasonal variation of sandflies were analyzed at a microgeograp ... | 0 | 22801285 |
| the first detection of leishmania major in naturally infected sergentomyia minuta in portugal. | phlebotomine sandflies of the genus sergentomyia are widely distributed throughout the old world. it has been suggested that sergentomyia spp are involved in the transmission of leishmania in india and africa, whereas phlebotomus spp are thought to be the sole vectors of leishmania in the old world. in this study, leishmania major dna was detected in one sergentomyia minuta specimen that was collected in the southern region of portugal. this study challenges the dogma that leishmania is exclusiv ... | 0 | 23828004 |
| the flagellar protein flag1/smp1 is a candidate for leishmania-sand fly interaction. | leishmaniasis is a serious problem that affects mostly poor countries. various species of leishmania are the agents of the disease, which take different clinical manifestations. the parasite is transmitted by sandflies, predominantly from the phlebotomus genus in the old world and lutzomyia in the new world. during development in the gut, leishmania must survive various challenges, which include avoiding being expelled with blood remnants after digestion. it is believed that attachment to the gu ... | 0 | 25793476 |
| identification of leishmania species by kinetoplast dna-polymerase chain reaction for the first time in khaf district, khorasan-e-razavi province, iran. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is an endemic parasitic skin disease in many parts of iran including khorasan province. both clinical forms of the disease, anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) and zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) are present in this province. however, leishmaniasis molecular map is determined in four cities of khorasan, but several foci still are remained unknown. | 0 | 25709953 |
| resurgence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in israel, 2001-2012. | cutaneous leishmaniasis has long been endemic in israel. after a 15-year period of moderate illness rates, reported incidence increased from 0.4 cases per 100,000 population in 2001 to 4.4 cases per 100,000 population in 2012, and the disease emerged in areas where its presence had previously been minimal. we analyzed all cases reported to the national surveillance system and found that outbreak patterns revealed an expansion of leishmania major infections over large areas in the southern part o ... | 0 | 25271882 |
| epidemiology, pathology and treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in taif region of saudi arabia. | cutaneous leishmaniasis is an annoying and disfiguring disease affecting around 1,500,000 individuals globally. there are endemic pockets of this disease in taif region. in some patients, lesion often weeps and leads to scar formation. the study was conducted to see the efficacy of fluconazole and itraconazole in the patients of cutaneous leishmaniasis and the effect of these drugs on liver enzymes and kidney markers. | 0 | 25678921 |
| zoonotic disease in a peripheral population: persistence and transmission of leishmania major in a putative sink-source system in the negev highlands, israel. | populations at the edge of their geographic distributions are referred to as peripheral populations. very little attention has been given to this topic in the context of persistence of infectious disease in natural populations. in this study, we examined this question using zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) caused by leishmania major in the negev desert of israel as a model system. here, we suggest that the regional persistence of phlebotomus papatasi populations and l. major transmission i ... | 0 | 25072990 |
| kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitors in the midgut of phlebotomus papatasi. | sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) are important disease vectors of parasites of the genus leishmania, as well as bacteria and viruses. following studies of the midgut transcriptome of phlebotomus papatasi, the principal vector of leishmania major, two non-classical kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitors were identified (ppkzl1 and ppkzl2). analyses of expression profiles indicated that ppkzl1 and ppkzl2 transcripts are both regulated by blood-feeding in the midgut of p. papatasi and are also exp ... | 0 | 24037187 |
| nested polymerase chain reaction and sequence- based detection of leishmania infection of sand flies in recently emerged endemic focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, southern iran. | geographical distribution of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (zcl) has continuously been extended in recent years in iran. the beiza district is one of the newly-emerged endemic foci of zcl in southern iran. the main aim of the present study was to detect the vector(s) of zcl in this area. | 0 | 24031105 |
| natural infection of north african gundi (ctenodactylus gundi) by leishmania tropica in the focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis, southeast tunisia. | north african gundis (ctenodactylus gundi) were trapped in the leishmania (l.) tropica focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis, situated in southeast tunisia and evaluated for leishmania infection by real-time kinetoplast dna polymerase chain reaction (pcr). species identification was performed by internal transcribed spacer one (its1)-pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) and high-resolution melting (hrm) analysis of the 7sl rna gene. real-time pcr on blood was positive in 6 of 13 (46.2% ... | 0 | 22665601 |
| antileishmanial activity of prenylated coumarins isolated from ferulago angulata and prangos asperula. | leishmaniasis has a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms due to infection to numbers of leishmania species and makes enormous mortality and morbidity. there are clues of antileishmanial effects of prenylated coumarins. apiaceae family is one of the most important sources of coumarins. air-dried aerial parts of ferulago angulata and fruits of prangos asperula were extracted with n-hexane, using a soxhlet apparatus. the solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure. column chromatography and crys ... | 0 | 27651813 |
| frequency of cutaneous leishmaniasis and species identification in suspected individuals from golestan province, northern iran in 2014. | leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by species of protozoa of the genus leishmania. in recent years, incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis has increasing trend in golestan province, north of iran. the aim of the present study was to identify the frequency of cutaneous leishmaniasis using pcr-rflp in patients referred to kalaleh health center, during 2013-14. | 0 | 27957442 |
| a comprehensive review of cutaneous leishmaniasis in kerman province, southeastern iran-narrative review article. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) remains a serious public health concern in kerman province, eastern iran. this study was aimed to conduct a comprehensive review and highlights various aspects of cl in the province of kerman. | 0 | 25905072 |
| identification of the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in chichaoua province, morocco. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in morocco is caused by three species, leishmania major, l. tropica and l. infantum. cl has been known in chichaoua province since 2000. using dna extracted from microscopic slides and parasite cultures, collected in the years 2006 and 2009, we identified for the first time l. tropica as the causative agent of cl in this region. species identification was achieved by performing the its1-pcr-rflp approach. by using this method it was possible to identify parasites in ... | 0 | 22314244 |
| [on the dimensions of the leishmanial forms of leishmania tropica major and leishmania tropica minor]. | 1962 | 14031792 | |
| [some pathomorphological changes in experimental leishmaniasis in cricetulus auratus in infection with the central asian strains of leishmania canis and leishmania tropica major]. | 1963 | 14159547 | |
| [a comparative study of the virulence of leishmania tropica major strains]. | 1965 | 5869240 | |
| [changes in virulence of strains of leishmania tropica major]. | 1965 | 5876190 | |
| [studies of immunity in cutaneous leishmaniasis. i. comparison of the immunizing effect of strains of leishmania tropica major of different virulence]. | 1966 | 5993837 | |
| [susceptibility of some laboratory and wild mammals to infection by uzbek strains of leishmania tropica major isolated from gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht.)]. | 1966 | 4238258 | |
| [experiments on lyophilization of leishmania tropica major culture]. | 1967 | 5609976 | |
| [experimental infection with leishmania tropica major in golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus)]. | 1968 | 5734367 | |
| [experience of antileishmaniasis vaccinations with cultures of leishmania tropica major grown in various types of media]. | 1968 | 4240366 | |
| [on the presence of soluble antigen in leishmania tropica major (preliminary report)]. | 1969 | 5785717 | |
| [evaluation of the capacity of mosquitoes (phlebotomidae) for transmission of leishmania tropica major among large gerbils (rhombomys opimus)]. | 1970 | 5469825 | |
| [comparative study of pathological process caused by leishmania tropica major and leishmania tropica minor strains of golden hamsters]. | 1971 | 5568407 | |
| the immunological relationship between leishmania tropica (major) and reptilian leishmania. | 1971 | 5155710 | |
| [infection of great gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht.) with the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmania tropica major) in the karakalpak assr]. | 1972 | 5085912 | |
| [a comparative serologic study of leishmania tropica major and leishmania tropics minor]. | 1972 | 4653698 | |
| [differences in the sensitivity of inbred mice of different lines to leishmania tropica major]. | 1973 | 4770422 | |
| the effects of immunological paralysis in mice experimentally infected with leishmania tropica major. | 1973 | 4789277 | |
| [some mechanisms of distribution of highly virulent strains of leishmania tropica major isolated from the large gerbil (rhombomys opimus licht.) in karshinsk steppe]. | 1973 | 4281857 | |
| comparative study of biological characteristics of the causal agents of zoonotic and anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in the ussr. | a comparative study was made of the virulence of leishmania tropica major and l. tropica minor, the causal agents of the zoonotic and anthroponotic forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis, from the ussr and their antigenic characteristics were compared with those of other leishmania species (l. donovani, l. adleri, and promastigotes from turkmenian reptiles). the virulence of strains of l. t. major was slightly higher than that of strains of l. t. minor. however, the difference in virulence gradually l ... | 1973 | 4547163 |
| [comparison of the external manifestation of the leishmaniasis process in laboratory golden hamsters infected with strains of leishmania tropica major and in great gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht.), donors of the tested strains]. | 1973 | 4273952 | |
| [possibilities of evaluating the virulence of leishmania tropica major strains in in vitro experiments]. | 1973 | 4274398 | |
| [comparative characteristics of leishmania tropica major from patients with zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis from vaious foci in turkmenia and uzbekistan]. | 1974 | 4281051 | |
| ecological causes of predominance of some mammals as reservoirs of leishmania tropica major in turanian deserts. | 1975 | 1158296 | |
| [fate of the promastigotes of leishmania tropica major and l. gymnodactyli in the body of phlebotomus papatasi under conditions of a mixed infection]. | experimental infection of males and females of phlebotomus papatasi sc. with leishmania tropica major from man and l. gimnodactyli from agama sanguinolenta was carried out in order to obtain mixed infection. sand flies from the laboratory culture were successively infected with promastigotes of each species of leishmania by means of compulsory dose feeding according to alekseev's method. for identification of leishmania cultures isolated from experimentally infected sand flies alder's serologica ... | 1976 | 940687 |
| [biological properties of promastigotes of leishmania having undergone lyophilization]. | materials are presented of a comparative study of morphological and cultural properties and virulence of liophylized cultures of leishmania tropica major after their rehydration or after a long passage on the nnn medium. results of investigations of two initial strains and three substrains obtained after the recovery of liophylized cultures have shown that liophylization does not reduce essentially the initial strain virulence. the strains undergone liophylization and passed repeatedly on the nn ... | 1976 | 1026908 |
| [virulent properties of leishmania tropica major strains isolated from sandflies in the subzone of the northern deserts]. | on the territory of the karakalpak assr the infection of sand flies ph. papatasi, ph. caucasicus, ph. andrejevi and ph. monogolensis with the agent l. tropica major ammounts, on the average, to 39.3%. the virulence of 88 investigated strains of leishmania for white mice estimated by their infection and the duration of incubation was found to be different; one half of the strains had high, one third--average, and the other strains--low virulence. | 1976 | 134342 |
| [effect of the dose of leishmania tropica major culture on antibody formation in mice with cutaneous leishmaniasis]. | 1977 | 927378 | |
| [characteristics of formation of humoral antibodies in albino mice in experimental infection with leishmania tropica major and leishmania tropica minor]. | 1977 | 412046 | |
| [distribution characteristics of leishmania tropica major strains of differing virulence in natural and territorial complexes of the murgab eco-area (southeastern turkmenistan)]. | in september--october of 1973 and 1974 263 specimens of rhombomys opimus were shot in the territory of the murghab stationar. the seeding of the material (a piece of tissue) from all animals into nnn medium was done. 9 strains of l. tropica major were isolated from this material the virulence of which was studied on 2.5--3 months--old golden hamsters, cricetus auratus. differences in the virulence of the isolated strains according to their natural-territorial complexes are shown. these differenc ... | 1977 | 145568 |
| [factors causing death of mice infected with the culture of leishmania tropica major]. | 1977 | 927365 | |
| specificity of transfer factor. in vitro lymphoblast transformation of peripheral lymphocytes to leishmania major antigen in the presence of transfer factor. | the in vivo and in vitro demonstration of specificity of transfer factor (tf) has so far been hampered by lack of a suitable antigen. the host partiality of leishmania suggested that in the case of leishmania antigen it should be possible to obtain lymphocytes of both donors and recipients of tf which were either sensitized or truly virgin. lymphoblast transformation of normal donor lymphocytes to leishmania major antigen (lma) was therefore measured in the presence of tf prepared from donors wi ... | 1977 | 74087 |
| [natural foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in central asia and the problems of the district division of the geographical range of leishmania major]. | 1978 | 672776 | |
| isoenzyme characterization of leishmania species from iraq. | leishmaniasis in iraq takes both the visceral and cutaneous forms. the causative organisms are identified according to the electrophoretic variation of the enzymes mdh, gpi, 6pgd, pgm and idh. the 37 visceral stocks investigated fall into two groups which differ only with respect to gpi. the six cutaneous stocks were divided into three groups. group 3 represents leishmania major, while groups 4 and 5 refer to l. tropica showing intraspecific variation with regard to 6pgd. | 1979 | 539855 |
| generalized infection and lack of delayed hypersensitivity in balb/c mice infected with leishmania tropica major. | the susceptibility of a few strains of mice to a subcutaneous injection of leishmania tropica major, the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans, was studied. the infection in six strains (cba, akr/j, akr/cu, c57bl/6, a/j, and c3h) remained cutaneous, and the animals recovered within 3 to 4 months. in contast, the infection in balb/c became generalized and killed 1005 of infected animals. intraperitoneal injection of infected liver of balb/c to a/j and syngeneic mice produced a leth ... | 1979 | 546790 |
| isolation of leishmania major from mastomys erythroleucus and tatera gambiana in senegal (west africa). | 1979 | 534447 | |
| detection of circulating antibodies in cutaneous leishmaniasis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | an immunoenzymatic diagnostic technique applicable to cutaneous leishmaniasis is described. the antigen used (leishmania tropica major) was equally useful in diagnosing visceral and mucocutaneous forms of the disease. the criteria for positivity were defined by using groups of negative controls, and the specificity of the reaction was evaluated by using sera from patients with various diseases. among these, sera from patients with lepromatous leprosy, tuberculosis, or african trypanosomiasis str ... | 1980 | 6154425 |
| [study of virulence of the leishmania tropica major strains isolated from gerbils (rhombomys opimus licht.) under different landscape condition in turkmenistan]. | 1980 | 6446666 | |
| [leishmania tropica major cultures isolated from the red-tailed libyan jird (meriones libycus lichtenstein, 1823) in the turkmen ssr]. | 1980 | 6451790 | |
| the activity against trypanosoma cruzi and cutaneous leishmaniasis, and toxicity, of moxipraquine (349c59). | a novel 8-aminoquinolone compound, 8(6-4' 3-hydroxybutyl)piperazin-1'-ylhexylamino)-6-methoxyquinoline di(hydrogen maleate), moxipraquine, 349c59, was shown to be active against experimental infections with trypanosoma cruzi. it was effective in suppressing parasitaemia but did not eradicate the infection from mice or guinea-pigs. other clinically tested drugs, including nifurtimox, were likewise incapable of eradicating the parasite from infected mice. moxipraquine was less potent against mouse ... | 1980 | 6776663 |
| [leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908, the agent of the autochthonous oriental sore. apropos of the biochemical identification of 2 strains isolated in the eastern pyrenees]. | two strains of parasites isolated from cases of oriental sore in the pyrénées-orientales were identified by electrophoretic analysis of eight isoenzymes (pgm, pgi, g-6-pdh, 6-pgdh, idh, mdh, me and got). both strains were identical with leishmania infantum nicolle, 1908, which normally causes visceral leishmaniasis. it is probable that, in the mediterranean region, some cutaneous lesions observed within the area of visceral leishmaniasis are caused by this species rather than by leishmania tropi ... | 1980 | 6780226 |
| leishmania mexicana and leishmania tropica major: adoptive transfer of immunity in mice. | 1980 | 6965278 | |
| [interrelationship characteristics of leishmania major with various mammalian species]. | 1980 | 7207384 | |
| [ecology of a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the area of thies, senegal, west africa. 4. spontaneous infestation and biology of phlebotomus duboscqi neveu-lemaire 1906]. | following their epidemiological investigation on the cutaneous leishmaniasis focus of keur moussa, the authors study the sandfly fauna. the species phlebotomus duboscqi is abundant (1532 samples out of 8411 sandflies collected between december 1976 and june 1979) and located inside the rodent burrows which have been found to be their larval breeding sites. five p. duboscqi females out of 356 dissected were infected by leishmania major promastigotes. | 1980 | 7226361 |
| [serological study of leishmania clones from experimentally and naturally infected sandflies]. | a serological study of leishmania clones from experimentally and naturally infected sand flies was undertaken. the cloning was done by means of fonbrun's micromanipulator. serological studies were conducted according to adler's method in safjanova's modification. among the clones of phlebotomus papatasi experimentally infected with leishmania tropica major and l. gymnodactyli four were found to be serologically identical with l. tropica major, and two had close antigene relationships with both i ... | 1980 | 7383698 |
| leishmania spp. in iraq. electrophoretic isoenzyme patterns. ii. cutaneous leishmaniasis. | leishmania organisms isolated from the sores of patients in iraq suffering from cutaneous leishmaniasis were compared between themselves and with leishmania major, l. tropica and l. donovani, all of which had been identified on clinical and geographical grounds. the comparisons were made by examination of the electrophoretic mobilities of seven soluble enzymes: malic enzyme e.c.1.1.1.40; glucose phosphate isomerase e.c.5.3.1.9; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase e.c.1.1.1.49; phosphoglucomutase e ... | 1980 | 7385297 |
| [characteristics of the relationship between gerbils and leishmania major]. | 1980 | 7393132 | |
| the experimental chemotherapy of leishmaniasis, vi. the development of rodent models for cutaneous infection with l. major and l. mexicana amazonensis. | two models have been established of leishmanial infections in random-bred tfw albino mice, one with leishmania major lv39 and the other with l. mexicana amazonensis lv38. these parasites produce consistent lesions when injected subcutaneously a short distance anterior to the base of the tail. consistent infections could not be produced in the mice with other lines of the l. mexicana group of skin-dwelling protozoa, nor with a line of l. braziliensis guyanensis (lv475). the development of procedu ... | 1980 | 7396564 |
| [experimental proof of the heterogeneous composition of natural leishmania major populations for the virulence trait]. | 1981 | 7322024 | |
| systemic infection of leishmania tropica (major) in various strains of mice. | the spleen cells of different strains of mice were cultured and examined for the presence of viable promastigotes one to three months following a cutaneous inoculation of 1 to 2 x 10(6) promastigotes of leishmania tropica (major). the spleen cultures of all five strains tested (balb/c, dba/3, c3h, cba and c57b1/6) contained organisms. viable parasites were present in the spleen of resistant strains (c3h, cba, c57b1/6) even after recovery from their cutaneous lesion. the possible implication of t ... | 1981 | 7330948 |
| [the application of a numerical method to the taxonomy of the genus leishmania ross, 1903,--the recognition of 146 original lines in the old world. use of allozymic characters. epidemiological and phyletic significance (author's transl)]. | using enzyme characters determined by starch gel electrophoresis, the authors have applied the method of numerical taxonomy to the genus leishmania ross, 1903. eight isoenzymes (pgi, me, pgm, got, g-6-pdh, 6-pgdh, mdh and idh) of 146 old world strains are examined. 35 electromorphs, corresponding to equivalent number of isoenzymes, are identified by this method, and then grouped into 14 zymodemes. these zymodemes were used as operational taxonomy units (otu) and pairs were compared, using jaccar ... | 1981 | 7337375 |
| studies on visceral leishmania tropica infection in balb/c mice. i. clinical features and cellular changes. | the visceral and lethal infection produced in balb/c mice by leishmania tropica (major) is accompanied by splenomegaly, anaemia and reversal of albumin-to-globulin ratio. the percentages of both b and t cells are decreased in the spleen. the spleen and lymph nodes become populated with large ig-, thy 1.2- 'null' cells. the similarity of some of these parameters with those produced in human kala-azar is discussed. | 1981 | 7337976 |
| polyamines and the growth of leishmanial parasites. | the relation between the grown of leishmanial parasites and polyamine biosynthesis was studied. polyamines, mainly putrescine and spermidine, accumulated in macrophages infected with leishmania tropica major promastigotes grown in vitro. similar results were obtained, when tissues of balb/c mice infected with l. tropica major were examined. a consistent increase in cellular putrescine and spermidine levels was observed in infected skin and spleen. with the accumulation of putrescine, a concomita ... | 1981 | 7339304 |
| [incidence of infestation of great gerbils (rhombanys opimus, licht.) by leishmania major during years of their population depression]. | 1981 | 6453276 | |
| the enzymes of pyrimidine biosynthesis in a range of parasitic protozoa and helminths. | the activities of carbamoylphosphate synthase, aspartate transcarbamoylase, dihydroorotase, orotate phosphoribosyl transferase and orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase, five of the six enzymes of pyrimidine biosynthesis, have been measured in crithidia fasciculata, trypanosoma cruzi, leishmania major, trichomonas vaginalis, eimeria tenella, toxoplasma gondii, plasmodium berghei, fasciola gigantica, schistosoma mansoni, hymenolepis diminuta, nippostrongylus brasiliensis and trichuris muris. the m ... | 1981 | 6111750 |
| monoclonal antibodies to leishmania tropica major: specificities and antigen location. | six murine monoclonal antibodies to leishmania tropica major have been prepared and the properties of these antibodies studied. two (wic 79.3 and 79.7) were l. tropica major species-specific and bound to promastigote cell surfaces, to parasitized macrophages, but not isolated amastigotes. no evidence was found for the production of antibody to the antigenic determinants recognized by wic 79.3 or 79.7 during l. tropica major infections in mice and hamsters. one antibody (wic 79.1) bound to sub-ce ... | 1982 | 6184664 |
| [meriones shawi (duvernoy, 1842) [rodentia, gerbillidae] a reservoir of leishmania major, yakimoff and schokhor, 1914 [kinetoplastida, trypanosomatidae] in south morocco (author's transl)]. | for the first time a report is made of meriones shawi (duvernoy, 1842) infected by leishmania major yakimoff and shokhor, 1914. the parasite was observed in two of 28 meriones captured in the immediate vicinity of the tata administrative center (south morocco). m. shawi, because it is sub-commercial with man and abundant, is very likely one of the reservoirs of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in this area. | 1982 | 6807510 |
| [ecology of a reservoir of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the region of thiès (senegal, west africa). 6. characterization and types of isolated leishmania strains]. | the authors studied the characterisation and typing of leishmania strains isolated in the keur-moussa focus from human lesions (4 strains), from the digestive tract of phlebotomus duboscqi (i strain) and from the rodents mastomys erythroleucus (2 strains) and tatera gambiana (2 strains). they used the following criteria: amastigote measurements, kinetoplast ultrastructure, pathogenicity in mice and hamsters, isoenzymes, kinetoplast and nuclear dna buoyant densities and the adler test. the result ... | 1982 | 7105287 |
| short communications. a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis with the isolation of the parasite. | cutaneous leishmaniasis of the zoonotic, rural type caused by leishmania major was dignosed in a czechoslovak citizen returning from iraq. a leishmania strain was isolated for the first time in czechoslovakia from the skin lesion on the right forearm of the patient. no treatment was necessary because spontaneous healing of the lesion was well under way. | 1982 | 7106657 |
| [ecology of a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the thiès region (senegal, west africa). 4. spontaneous infestation and biology of phlebotomus duboscqi neveu-lemaire 1906]. | following their epidemiological investigation on the cutaneous leishmaniasis focus of keur moussa, the authors study the sandfly fauna. the species phlebotomus duboscqi is abundant (1,532 samples out of 8,411 sandflies collected between december 1976 and june 1979) and located inside the rodent burrows which have been found to be their larval breeding sites. five p. duboscqi females out of 356 dissected were infected by leishmania major promastigotes. | 1982 | 7168882 |
| [ecology of a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the thiès region (senegal, west africa). 6. characterization and typing of the strains of leishmania isolated]. | the authors studied the characterisation and typing of leishmania strains isolated in the keur-moussa focus from human lesions (4 strains), from the digestive tract of phlebotomus duboscqi (i strain) and from the rodents mastomys erythroleucus (2 strains) and tatera gambiana (2 strains). they used the following criteria: amastigote measurements, kinetoplast ultrastructure, pathogenicity in mice and hamsters, isoenzymes, kinetoplast and nuclear dna buoyant densities and the adler test. the result ... | 1982 | 7168884 |
| a radioattenuated leishmania major vaccine markedly increases the resistance of cba mice to subsequent infection with leishmania mexicana mexicana. | vaccinating cba mice with radioattenuated leishmania major amastigotes but not with radioattenuated l. mexicana mexicana amastigotes rendered them highly resistant to subsequent infection with l. m. mexicana. unvaccinated cba mice were highly susceptible to infection with l. m. mexicana producing rapidly growing non-ulcerating cutaneous lesions. two manifestations of resistance were induced in vaccinated animals depending on the timing of the challenge infection: no lesions appeared at the site ... | 1982 | 7179418 |
| therapeutic effect of rifampicin and isoniazid against leishmania tropica major. | 1983 | 6832881 | |
| leishmania tropica major: effect of paromomycin and pentamidine on polyamine levels in the skin of normal and infected mice. | the polyamine content of the skin of balb/c and c3h mice was determined at intervals, after injecting leishmania tropica major. in balb/c mice, putrescine and spermidine levels increased three- to seven-fold; in c3h mice, spontaneous recovery occurred after 3 weeks, accompanied by a reduction in putrescine and spermidine levels. ornithine decarboxylase activity was negligible in normal, uninfected skin of both balb/c and c3h mice, but increased steadily during infection. treatment with drugs tha ... | 1983 | 6852166 |
| chemotherapeutic activity of rifampicin on leishmanial amastigotes and promastigotes in vitro. | rifampicin reduced the in vitro growth of leishmania tropica major promastigotes and amastigotes: 100 micrograms/ml reducing the growth of amastigotes on day 2 and 250 to 500 micrograms/ml reducing the growth of promastigotes on day 1. a distinct effect of solvents was noted. methanol, dimethylsulfoxide and tween 80 appeared to increase drug effectiveness. pretreatment of l. tropica major promastigotes with 200 micrograms/ml rifampicin for 3 days had no effect on either macrophage engulfment of ... | 1983 | 6853121 |
| action of leishmanial excreted factor (ef) on human lymphocyte blast transformation. | the effect of leishmania tropica major excreted factor (ef) on human immune and normal mononuclear peripheral blood cells has been studied. the response of lymphocytes to stimulation either specifically with leishmanial antigens or non-specifically with phytohemagglutinin (pha) in the presence of ef was tested by the uptake of 3 [h]thymidine. the results showed that ef inhibits the response of cells from immune donors to leishmanial antigens and from normal donors to pha or ppd. adherent and non ... | 1983 | 6866562 |
| leishmania tropica major in mice: vaccination against cutaneous leishmaniasis in mice of high genetic susceptibility. | balb/c and balb/c.h-2b mice are genetically susceptible to development of persistent and severe disease following cutaneous injection of promastigotes of the protozoan parasite, leishmania tropica major, whereas c57bl/6 are relatively resistant. resistance in c57bl/6 can be further increased by intraperitoneal injection of living, but not killed, promastigotes prior to cutaneous challenge. severely diseased balb/c mice can show resistance to development of a second cutaneous lesion but apparentl ... | 1983 | 6870673 |
| the effect of diaminoalkyl-anthraquinone derivatives on the growth of the promastigotes of leishmania tropica minor, l. t. major, l. donovani and l. aethiopica. | by combining knowledge of polyamine biosynthesis and its inhibition by various analogues with that on the activity of synthetic anthraquinones, a series of six anthraquinone derivatives were synthesized. their ability to inhibit the growth of leishmanial promastigotes in vitro was used as a preliminary screen to check their potential as new antileishmanial chemotherapeutics. they were tested against four strains, representing four different species; leishmania tropica major, l. tropica minor, l. ... | 1983 | 6870913 |
| [leishmania major (yakimoff et shokkor 1914), the agent of gafsa boil]. | 1983 | 6673648 | |
| an apparent association of enzymic variants of leishmania major with specific geographical areas in israel. | isolates of leishmania major from man, psammomys obesus, meriones crassus and phlebotomus papatasi from three separate areas of israel were characterised using isoenzyme electrophoresis. three enzymic variants of phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6pgd) were seen, the distribution of which is correlated with the different geographical areas. | 1983 | 6673846 |
| quantitation of leishmania tropica major by its ability to form distinct colonies on agar-based media. | the growth of the pathogen leishmania tropica major on agar-based media was studied to further develop techniques that can be used to quantitate the number of viable organisms in infected tissues. individual, intact amastigotes formed distinct, countable colonies on four different agar-based media. however, the largest colonies (0.35 mm) and highest plating efficiency (greater than 90%) were found on media formulated with a heart-infusion agar base. use of this media in the quantitation of the o ... | 1983 | 6674456 |
| monoclonal antibodies for serotyping leishmania strains. | mouse monoclonal antibodies raised against leishmania tropica major were found to precipitate with the excreted factor produced by this and other leishmanial species. we suggest that a classification system for leishmania, based on selective precipitation reactions between monoclonal antibodies and the excreted factor, would remove many ambiguities that currently exist. | 1983 | 6411764 |
| specific suppression of responses to leishmania tropica by a cloned t-cell line. | most clinical cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania tropica major consist of self-healing lesions that are associated with the development of strong specific cell-mediated immunity (cmi) detected by delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth). at the other extreme are susceptible individuals who develop persistent or diffuse forms of the disease. this spectrum of cutaneous leishmaniasis can be reproduced in in-bred mouse strains according to their genetic constitution. balb/c mice are ex ... | 1983 | 6604879 |
| murine cutaneous leishmaniasis: resistance in reconstituted nude mice and several f1 hybrids infected with leishmania tropica major. | after cutaneous injection of promastigotes of an isolate of the intramacrophage protozoan parasite, leishmania tropica major, mouse strains develop chronic cutaneous lesions or show a resolving pattern of disease. on this basis, they can be classified as resistant (e.g. cba/h and c57bl/6) or susceptible (e.g. balb/c, balb/c.h-2b and balb/c.h-2k). hypothymic nude (nu/nu) mice of either balb/c, cba/h or c57bl/6 genotype are susceptible to chronic disease. however, nude mice of these genotypes, inc ... | 1983 | 6606002 |
| a case of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in saudi arabia caused by leishmania major and its response to treatment. | 1983 | 6303652 | |
| frozen stored leishmania tropica vaccine: the effects of dose, route of administration and storage on the evolution of the clinical lesion. two field trials in the israel defense forces. | the first field trial of frozen vaccine against cutaneous leishmaniasis yielded a 100% take rate and a high ulceration rate at a dose of four million units. two further trials were designed to investigate differences in response rates on the basis of duration of storage, sex of vaccinee, vaccination dose and method of administration. 257 soliders (151 males and 106 females) were inoculated in 1978 with an isolate of leishmania tropica major that had been stored at the temperature of liquid nitro ... | 1983 | 6346588 |
| the cellular and humoral immune response in subjects vaccinated against cutaneous leishmaniasis using leishmania tropica major promastigotes. | in vitro lymphocyte transformation was studied in 24 subjects 12 months after vaccination with live leishmania tropica major vaccine, in 10 normal control subjects and in three controls residing in an endemic area. the vaccines had lesions in various stages of clinical development. lymphocytes from all the subjects were studied for their response to stimulation with l. tropical major promastigotes. lymphocytes of vaccinated subjects responded to low concentrations of antigen whereas the lymphocy ... | 1983 | 6353318 |
| radioiodination and identification of externally disposed membrane components of leishmania tropica. | two methods, one involving a lactoperoxidase-glucose oxidase coupled reaction and the other employing the insoluble catalyst 1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-3 alpha, 6-alpha-diphenyl-glycoluril (iodo-gen), were used to label the surface membrane of promastigotes of leishmania tropica major. both methods labelled approximately 20 proteins or glycoproteins (apparent size range 10 to 110 kda) in a qualitatively similar manner, however the lactoperoxidase method labelled one additional constituent (260 kda). by ... | 1983 | 6355841 |
| isolation of leishmania major yakimoff & schokhor, 1914 from psammomys obesus gretzschmar, 1828 (rodentia: gerbillidae) in algeria. | 1983 | 6364474 | |
| monoclonal antibodies specific for leishmania tropica. i. characterization of antigens associated with stage- and species-specific determinants. | four monoclonal antibodies (t-1 through t-4), which were produced to membrane-enriched preparations of leishmania tropica major promastigotes, reacted specifically with the members of l. tropica complex. the antibodies t-1 and t-4 react exclusively with l. t. major and l. t. minor. the remaining two monoclonal antibodies bind, in addition, to l. t. aethiopica and weakly to l. mexicana amazonensis. no significant cross-reactivity was observed with l. donovani, l. braziliensis braziliensis, and tr ... | 1983 | 6194223 |
| adoptive transfer of delayed type hypersensitivity reactions specific for leishmania major antigens to normal mice using murine t cell populations and clones generated in vitro. | leishmania major specific murine t cell blasts and clones maintained in vitro were tested for their ability to adoptively transfer delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) reactions to normal mice. these effector cells exhibited a lyt 1+2- cell surface phenotype. they induced specific dth reactions in syngeneic dba/2 mice after local transfer in the footpad, (together with parasite antigens) or intravenous injection followed by challenge with parasite antigens in the footpad. the dth reactions were s ... | 1984 | 6204797 |
| exacerbation of murine cutaneous leishmaniasis by adoptive transfer of parasite-specific helper t cell populations capable of mediating leishmania major-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity. | the effect of adoptive transfer of in vitro-propagated leishmania major-specific t cell populations on the course of experimentally induced cutaneous leishmaniasis was studied in mice. the l. major-specific t cells expressed the t helper/inducer phenotype and were able in vitro to a) mount a specific proliferative response, b) provide specific helper activity for antibody responses, c) activate parasitized macrophages resulting in l. major destruction, and d) secrete macrophage-activating factor ... | 1984 | 6205088 |
| cell contact-mediated macrophage activation for antileishmanial defense. i. lymphocyte effector mechanism that is contact dependent and noncytotoxic. | leishmania are obligate intracellular protozoa in mammalian hosts. they infect and replicate within macrophages. antileishmanial host defense is largely cell mediated. we conducted studies in vitro to investigate the ability of lymphocytes to activate macrophages for antileishmanial effects. draining lymph node lymphocytes from c57bl/6 mice with cutaneous leishmania tropica major infection were co-cultured in suspension with syngeneic, starch-elicited peritoneal macrophages infected in vitro wit ... | 1984 | 6208278 |
| mechanisms of acquired immunity in leishmaniasis. | self-curing cutaneous leishmaniasis depends on t cell-mediated immune activation of infected macrophages. failure of immune control in inbred mouse models of metastasizing mucocutaneous and visceralizing forms of the disease involves, respectively, insusceptibility of the parasite and the generation of t cells that suppress a potentially curative response. prophylactic immunization in man has so far been restricted to cutaneous leishmaniasis and based on inducing infection under controlled condi ... | 1984 | 6151691 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of leishmania kinetoplast dna characterizes parasites responsible for visceral and cutaneous disease. | the kinetoplast dna (kdna) from promastigotes of leishmania responsible for old and new world cutaneous and visceral disease was characterized to determine if species and strains causing similar or different diseases could be identified. restriction enzymes were used to digest kdna into fragments that were separated into characteristic banding patterns after electrophoresis in agarose or linear gradient polyacrylamide gels. hybridization was conducted with a 32p-kdna probe and kdna fragments tra ... | 1984 | 6091469 |