Publications

prevalence of yeasts and mycelial fungi in bovine parasitic otitis in the state of minas gerais, brazil.	infestations by rhabditiform nematodes and acarids of the genus raillietia are considered the primary causes of external otitis in cattle in tropical regions. recently, yeasts of the genus malassezia have been associated with a relatively high percentage of otitis cases, but the occurrence of other yeasts and mycelial fungi has not yet been reported in the literature. this work studied the presence of fungi in the ear canal of 45 cattle with external parasitic otitis. the results were positive f ...	2001	11708682
[yeast biodiversity in hydromorphic soils with reference to grass-sphagnum swamp in western siberia and the hammocky tundra region( barrow, alaska)].	the microbiological analysis of 78 samples taken from a boreal bog in western siberia and from a tundra wetland soil in alaska showed the presence of 23 yeast species belonging to the genera bullera, candida, cryptococcus, debaryomyces, hanseniaspora, metschnikowia, mrakia, pichia, rhodotorula, saccharomyces, sporobolomyces, torulaspora, and trichosporon. peat samples from the boreal bog were dominated by eurytopic anamorphic basidiomycetous species, such as rhodotorula mucilaginosa and sporobol ...	2001	11763794
successful treatment of capd peritonitis caused by rhodotorula mucilaginosa.		2001	11783780
rhodotorula rubra infection in a kidney transplant patient with pancytopenia.		2001	11146587
structural and functional analysis of horse cathelicidin peptides.	cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptides are a component of the peptide-based host defense of neutrophils and epithelia, with a widespread distribution in mammals. we recently reported the cdna sequences of three putative horse myeloid cathelicidins, named ecath-1, -2, and -3. a western analysis was performed to investigate their presence in neutrophils and processing to mature peptides. ecath-2 and ecath-3, but not ecath-1, were found to be present in uncleaved forms in horse neutrophils. th ...	2001	11181349
lipid composition of some yeast strains from livingston island, antarctica.	yeast strains cryptococcus albidus, cryptococcus laurentii, rhodotorula minuta were isolated from a moss sample. candida oleophila and rhodotorula mucilaginosa were isolated from a soil sample taken from livingston island. antarctica. fatty acid, phospholipid, sterol and tocopherol composition was determined in separated lipid fraction after fermentation in a medium containing glucose, peptone and yeast extract. unsaturated fatty acids, mainly oleic (51-65%) and linoleic (9.5-16.8%), predominate ...	2001	11899472
a new isolation method for labyrinthulids using a bacterium, psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus.	a new isolation method for labyrinthulids, marine microbes with spindle-shaped vegetative cells and gliding movement, is presented. the method for isolating labyrinthulids has been found to be more difficult and less reproducible than that for thraustochytrids, classified in the same order. so far serum seawater agar fortified with antibiotics has been proposed to be the best for isolation of labyrinthulids. the method presented here involves placing plant samples on an agar medium on which a ma ...	2001	14961392
a survey of yeasts in traditional sausages of southern italy.	the evolution of the yeast population during manufacturing and ripening of 'salsiccia sotto sugna', a typical salami of the lucania region (southern italy), was investigated. four different batches, produced in four farms in lucania, were studied. each batch showed a specific yeast population, and the most frequently isolated yeasts belonged to debaryomyces hansenii and its anamorph candida famata, and rhodotorula mucilaginosa. yarrowia lipolytica was isolated from three sausage batches. the y. ...	2001	12702361
[some aspects of fungi multifocal invasions connected with the genital organs in women].	the aim of presented study was analysis of fungal invasions of the genital organs, oral cavity and digestive tract in 799 women. fungal strains were identified using api 20c and api 20c aux (biomérieux); they were as follows: candida albicans, c. krusei, c. tropicalis, c. guilliermondii, c. kefyr, c. glabrata, c. famata, c. parapsilosis, rhodotorula rubra, geotrichum candidum. the number of fungal strains isolated from the oral cavity ontocenosis was the highest (41.8 +/- 2.4%). fungal strains i ...	2001	16897965
central venous catheter-related rhodotorula rubra fungemia.	with the increased use of indwelling central venous catheters, increasing numbers of cases of rhodotorula fungemia have been observed in patients with neoplasia and neutropenia. in most patients with catheter-related rhodotorula fungemia, the condition has been treated with broadspectrum antibiotics. we report two cases of central venous catheter-related rhodotorula rubra fungemia that occurred in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. both patients were in a state of neutropenia. one patien ...	2002	11957131
isolation and characterization of biarylic structure-degrading yeasts: hydroxylation potential of dibenzofuran.	yeast communities from heavily polluted sediments that received the discharge from oil refineries and other industries were studied. yeast species were isolated from these sediments and their ability to degrade dibenzofuran were determined. twenty-four different yeast strains were isolated and cultured on aromatic medium; two candida krusei strains. candida tenuis, candida tropicalis, two pichia anomala strains, pichia haplophila, two rhodotorula glutinis strains, rhodotorula mucilaginosa, two t ...	2002	12009135
a new syringopeptin produced by bean strains of pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae.	two strains (b728a and y37) of the phytopathogenic bacterium pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae isolated from bean (phaseolus vulgaris) plants were shown to produce in culture both syringomycin, a lipodepsinonapeptide secreted by the majority of the strains of the bacterium, and a new form of syringopeptin, sp(22)phv. the structure of the latter metabolite was elucidated by the combined use of mass spectrometry (ms), nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy and chemical procedures. comparati ...	2002	12009406
uk-2a, b, c, and d, novel antifungal antibiotics from streptomyces sp. 517-02 vii. membrane injury induced by c9-uk-2a, a derivative of uk-2a, in rhodotorula mucilaginosa ifo 0001.	uk-2a is a potent antifungal antibiotic and its structure is highly similar to that of antimycin a3 (aa). uk-2a and aa inhibit mitochondrial electron transport at complex iii. however, the antifungal activities of uk-2a and aa disappear after 48-hour treatment. in an attempt to improve the duration of the antifungal activity of uk-2a, several uk-2a derivatives were prepared by substituting its nine-membered dilactone ring with an n-alkyl or an isoprenyl moiety. among all the derivatives tested, ...	2002	12014448
the identification and characterization of osmotolerant yeast isolates from chemical wastewater evaporation ponds.	ramat hovav is a major chemical industrial park manufacturing pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and various aliphatic and aromatic halogens. all wastewater streams are collected in large evaporation ponds. salinity in the evaporation ponds fluctuates between 3% (w/v) and saturation and ph values range between 2.0 and 10.0. we looked for microorganisms surviving in these extreme environmental conditions and found that 2 yeast strains dominate this biotope. 18s rdna sequence analysis identified the iso ...	2002	12037616
environmental adaptation factors of two yeasts isolated from the leachate of a uranium mineral heap.	two yeasts from the effluent of a uranium mineral heap were identified as candida sorbophila and rhodotorula mucilaginosa. they are well adapted to such an environment as shown by their tolerance to metals and acid ph. however, different mechanisms could be involved in the adaptation: c. sorbophila could be considered to be more acid-tolerant as a function of its specific growth rate and respiratory behavior at acidic ph in an organic medium. however, r. mucilaginosa was capable of growing by 1 ...	2002	12044680
[micromycetes metabolites--inhibitors of growth and sterol biosynthesis in yeasts].	antifungal activity of micelial fungus metabolites (of genera aspergillus, penicillium, fusarium, stachybotris, cladosporium, alternaria, gliocladium, paecilomyces, trichoderma etc.) was determined. it was shown that antifungal activity of some micromycetes is due to the formation of substances inhibiting sterols biosynthesis in eucaryote cells. inhibitors of enzymes of sterols biosynthesis were isolated and their activity was investigated. it was shown, that isolated fungus inhibitors of sterol ...	2002	12077938
antimicrobial properties of the essential oil of artemisia asiatica nakai.	the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the essential oil of artemisia asiatica nakai, its main constituents: 1,8-cineole and selin-11-en-4alpha-ol and monoterpene alcohols fraction were determined against bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, candida albicans, rhodotorula rubra and aspergillus fumigatus. the oil exhibited a good inhibitory activity against bacteria and fungi. the monoterpene alcohols fraction showed the highest antibacterial ac ...	2002	12164281
heat resistance of juice spoilage microorganisms.	the heat resistance of various yeasts (saccharomyces cerevisiae, rhodotorula mucilaginosa, torulaspora delbrueckii, and zygosaccharomyces rouxii), molds (penicillium citrinum, penicillium roquefortii, and aspergillus niger), and lactic acid bacteria (lactobacillus fermentum and lactobacillus plantarum) obtained from spoiled acid or acidified food products was determined in 0.1 m citrate buffer at ph values of 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0. s. cerevisiae was the most heat resistant of the microorganisms in c ...	2002	12182479
[effect of microbial elicitors on sclerotia biomass and carotenoid yield in surface cultures of penicillium sp.pt95].	six kinds of elicitors were prepared respectively from neurospora crassa, monascus purpureus, sporobolomyces roseus, rhodotorula rubra, nocardia sp. n89 and actinoplanes sp. a05. when penicillium sp. pt95 was incubated in czapek's agar plates containing appropriate amounts of elicitors, both its sclerotia biomass and carotenoid content accumulated in sclerotia were enhanced significantly (p < 0.01). among tested elicitors, the elicitors from the fungi n. crassa, m. purpureus, s.-roseus and r. ru ...	2002	12192877
characterization of enolase allergen from rhodotorula mucilaginosa.	rhodotorula mucilaginosa (also known as r. rubra) is among the most commonly found yeast strains in our environment. however, allergens from r. mucilaginosa have not yet been characterized at the molecular level. the purpose of this study was to characterize the enolase allergen from r. mucilaginosa and examine the allergenic/antigenic cross-reactivity among fungal enolases. the full-length cdna encoding the r. mucilaginosa enolase was isolated through the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain ...	2002	12432231
rhodotorula rubra endophthalmitis in an hiv positive patient.		2002	12446387
application of fungi as biocatalysts for the reduction of diethyl 1-oxoalkylphosphonates in anhydrous hexane.	five different species of microorganisms, namely, rhodotorula rubra, rhodotorula glutinis, cladosporium sp., verticillium sp., and baker's yeast, turned out to be useful biocatalysts for enantioselective reduction of a variety of diethyl 1-oxoalkylphosphonates. to suppress substrate decomposition, bioreductions were carried out under anhydrous conditions, using lyophilized cells immobilized on celite r 630. the influence of reaction conditions such as biotransformation time and chemical additive ...	2002	12467464
aetiology, antifungal susceptibility, risk factors and outcome in 201 fungaemic children: data from a 12-year prospective national study from slovakia.	a total of 201 cases of fungaemia in children in a 12-year national survey from seven university paediatric clinics in slovakia in 1990-2001 was assessed to determine risk factors, therapy and outcome, and to compare those cases with fungaemia in 130 adult cancer patients studied in a similar survey. four univariate analyses were performed to assess differences in aetiology, antifungal susceptibility and outcome between fungaemia in neonates and paediatric intensive care unit (icu) patients as w ...	2002	11863261
broad and complex antifungal activity among environmental isolates of lactic acid bacteria.	more than 1200 isolates of lactic acid bacteria isolated from different environments were screened for antifungal activity in a dual-culture agar plate assay. approximately 10% of the isolates showed inhibitory activity and 4% showed strong activity against the indicator mould aspergillus fumigatus. the antifungal spectra for 37 isolates with strong activity and five isolates with low or no activity were determined. several of the strains showed strong inhibitory activity against the moulds a. f ...	2003	12594034
identification of yeast species from orange fruit and juice by rflp and sequence analysis of the 5.8s rrna gene and the two internal transcribed spacers.	yeast isolates from orange fruit and juice in a spontaneous fermentation were identified and classified by two molecular techniques. the first was analysis of the restriction pattern generated from the polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-amplified 5.8s rrna gene and the two internal transcribed spacers (its) using specific primers. the second technique was sequence analysis of the its regions using the same two primers. nine different restriction profiles were obtained from the size of the pcr produ ...	2003	12702240
yeasts associated with manteca.	manteca is a traditional milk product of southern italy produced from whey deriving from caciocavallo podolico cheese-making. this study was undertaken to obtain more information about the microbiological properties of this product and particularly about the presence, metabolic activities, and technological significance of the different yeast species naturally occurring in manteca. high numbers of yeasts were counted after 7 days ripening (10(4)-10(5) cfu g(-1)) and then decreased to 10(2) at th ...	2003	12702448
effect of aeration on the production of carotenoid pigments by rhodotorula rubra-lactobacillus casei subsp. casei co-cultures in whey ultrafiltrate.	under intensive aeration (1.3 l/l min) the associated growth of rhodotorula rubra ged2 and lactobacillus casei subsp. casei in cheese whey ultrafiltrate (55 g lactose/l) proceeded effectively for both cultures with production of maximum carotenoids (12.4 mg/l culture fluid). for maximum amount of carotenoids synthesized in the cell, the yeast required more intensive aeration than the aeration needed for synthesis of maximum concentration of dry cells. maximum concentration of carotenoids in the ...	2003	12710733
cu,zn superoxide dismutase in rhodotorula and udeniomyces spp. isolated from sea water: cloning and sequencing the encoding region.	the gene encoding the copper-zinc superoxide dismutase enzyme (sodc or cu,zn-sod) has been cloned from several species of higher eukaryotes, but superoxide dismutase genes from moulds and yeast have not been studied extensively. only 15 nucleotide sequences have been reported in the swissprot, embl and genbank data libraries. in general the presence of cu,zn-sod in cytosol, as well as mn-sod in the mitochondrial matrix of yeast, has been accepted. the absence of cu,zn-sod in a pigmented yeast ha ...	2003	12722182
production of plant-specific flavanones by escherichia coli containing an artificial gene cluster.	in plants, chalcones are precursors for a large number of flavonoid-derived plant natural products and are converted to flavanones by chalcone isomerase or nonenzymatically. chalcones are synthesized from tyrosine and phenylalanine via the phenylpropanoid pathway involving phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal), cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (c4h), 4-coumarate:coenzyme a ligase (4cl), and chalcone synthase (chs). for the purpose of production of flavanones in escherichia coli, three sets of an artificial g ...	2003	12732539
[effect of cytochrome oxidase inhibitors on the yeast thermotolerance].	the investigation of the effect of the cytochrome oxidase inhibitors sodium cyanide and sodium azide on the thermotolerance of the yeasts rhodotorula rubra, debaryomyces vanriji, and saccharomyces cerevisiae showed that these inhibitors diminish the thermotolerance of r. rubra and d. vanriji, but do not affect the thermotolerance of s. cerevisiae. taking into account the fact that, unlike the latter yeast, r. rubra and d. vanriji are nonfermentative yeasts, the difference in the effects of the i ...	2003	12751239
heterologous production of flavanones in escherichia coli: potential for combinatorial biosynthesis of flavonoids in bacteria.	chalcones, the central precursor of flavonoids, are synthesized exclusively in plants from tyrosine and phenylalanine via the sequential reaction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal), cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (c4h), 4-coumarate:coenzyme a ligase (4cl) and chalcone synthase (chs). chalcones are converted into the corresponding flavanones by the action of chalcone isomerase (chi), or non-enzymatically under alkaline conditions. pal from the yeast rhodotorula rubra, 4cl from an actinomycete streptom ...	2003	12759810
uk-2a, b, c, and d, novel antifungal antibiotics from streptomyces sp. 517-02. viii. reactive oxygen species generated by c9-uk-2a, a derivative of uk-2a, in rhodotorula mucilaginosa ifo 0001.		2003	12760689
biodegradation of plasticizers by rhodotorula rubra.	the degradation of plasticizers by the yeast rhodotorula rubra j-96-1 (american type culture collection 9449) in the presence of glucose was studied. the plasticizers included the commonly used bis-2-ethylhexyl adipate (b(eh)a), dioctyl phthalate (dop), and dioctyl terephthalate (dotp), and the less commonly used dipropylene glycol dibenzoate (d(pg)db) and diethylene glycol dibenzoate (d(eg)db). the proposal had been made that the latter two plasticizers be used as alternatives to the first thre ...	2003	12785580
aortic homograft endocarditis caused by rhodotorula mucilaginosa.	serious infections caused by rhodotorula spp. are rare and usually occur in immunocompromised people, especially in patients with tumors and long-time use of indwelling central venous catheters. we report a case of rhodotorula mucilaginosa homograft endocarditis in an otherwise healthy man, which was successfully treated by surgery in combination with amphotericin b and subsequently intraconazole.	2003	12789478
microbial metabolites of harman alkaloids.	several microorganisms showed the ability to transform the harman alkaloids, harmaline (1), harmalol (2) and harman (5). harmaline (1) and harmalol (2) were converted by rhodotorula rubra atcc 20129 into the tryptamines, 2-acetyl-3-(2-acetamidoethyl)-7-methoxyindole (3) and 2-acetyl-3-(2-acetamidoethyl)-7-hydroxyindole (4), respectively. harman (5) was biotransformed by cunninghamella echinulata nrrl 3655 into 6-hydroxyharman (6) and harman-2-oxide (7).	2003	12808240
carotenoid production by lactoso-negative yeasts co-cultivated with lactic acid bacteria in whey ultrafiltrate.	two strains were selected--the lactoso-negative yeast rhodotorula rubra ged2 and the homofermentative lactobacillus casei subsp. casei ha1 for co-cultivation in cheese whey ultrafiltrate (wu) and active synthesis of carotenoids. under conditions of intensive aeration (1.0 l/l min, 220 rpm), a temperature of 30 degrees c, wu with 55.0 g lactose/l, initial ph = 5.5, the carotenoid content in the cells reached a maximum, when the growth of the cultures had come to an end, i.e. in the stationary pha ...	2003	12939045
the yeast species causing fungemia at a university hospital in riyadh, saudi arabia, during a 10-year period.	this study is a retrospective investigation to determine the species of yeasts causing fungemia in a university hospital in saudi arabia during the years 1991-2000. a total of 189 episodes of fungemia were encountered, of which 121 (64%) occurred during 1991-1995, whereas only 68 cases (36%) were found between 1996 and 2000. overall, 50.3% episodes were due to candida albicans including five episodes of c. dubliniensis, followed by c. tropicalis (27%), c. parapsilosis (7.9%), c. glabrata (7.4%), ...	2003	12950897
na+-mediated piezoprotection in rhodotorula rubra.	sodium concentrations as low as 2 mm exerted a significant protective effect on the high-pressure inactivation (160-210 mpa) of rhodotorula rubra at ph 6.5, but not on two other yeasts tested (schizosaccharomyces pombe and saccharomyces cerevisiae). a piezoprotective effect of similar magnitude was observed with li+ (2 and 10 mm), and at elevated ph (8.0-9.0), but no effect was seen with k+, ca2+, mg2+, mn2+, or nh4(+). intracellular na+ levels in cells exposed to low concentrations of na+ or to ...	2003	14520537
[the absence of direct relationship between the ability of yeasts to grow at elevated temperatures and their survival after lethal heat shock].	the study of the growth of the yeasts rhodotorula rubra, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and debaryomyces vanriji at elevated temperatures and their survival after transient lethal heat shock showed that the ability of these yeasts to grow at supraoptimal temperatures (i.e., their thermoresistance) and their ability to tolerate lethal heat shocks (i.e., their thermotolerance) are determined by different mechanisms. the thermotolerance of the yeasts is suggested to be mainly determined by the division ...	2003	14526536
rhodotorulic acid production by rhodotorula mucilaginosa.	rhodotorula mucilaginosa produces the siderophore rhodotorulic acid (ra) when grown in iron-limited conditions. r. mucilaginosa grew at rates between 0.10 and 0.19 h(-1) in iron-restricted conditions, depending on the carbon source, and at 0.23 h(-1) in iron-sufficient conditions. in bioreactors inoculated with iron-starved pre-cultures, initial specific growth rates in batch culture were dependent on the iron concentration. the critical dilution rate (dcrit, at which steady state cultures canno ...	2003	14531617
molecular characterization of carotenogenic yeasts from aquatic environments in patagonia, argentina.	fifteen aquatic environments (lakes, lagoons and rivers) of glacial origin in the northern andean patagonia (argentina) were surveyed for the occurrence of red yeasts. subsurface water samples were filtered and used for colony counting and yeast isolation. a preliminary quantitative analysis indicated that total yeast counts ranged between 0 and 250 cells l(-1). a polyphasic approach including physiological and molecular methods was used for the identification of 64 carotenogenic yeast strains. ...	2003	14574108
recurrent catheter-related rhodotorula rubra infection.	a 34-year-old male receiving chronic parenteral nutrition for treatment of short bowel syndrome and intermittent immunosuppressive agents for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis developed recurrent, catheter-associated rhodotorula rubra fungemia over a one-year period. infection with this yeast is associated with insertion of central venous catheters. recurrence of r. rubra infection is an unusual event that presumably occurred because of chronic skin colonization by the organism.	2003	14616717
genotyping of clinical rhodotorula mucilaginosa isolates by pulsed field gel electrophoresis.	identification and typing of fungal isolates is a prerequisite for control and prevention of nosocomial infections. as the discriminatory power of phenotypic methods is not sufficient for epidemiological purposes, genotyping methods such as dna fingerprinting, random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis, or pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) are preferred. to our knowledge, this study is the first application of pfge for typing rhodotorula mucilaginosa strains. the pfge patterns ...	2003	14641622
experimental evaluation of antifungal and antiseptic agents against rhodotorula spp.	we studied the susceptibility of 21 strains of rhodotorula rubra and nine strains of r. glutinis to eight antifungals and tested eight antiseptic agents on one strain of r. rubra. the tested strains were susceptible to ketoconazole, 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin b, and nystatin, intermediate to econazole and resistant to fluconazole, itraconazole and miconazole. after 5-min contact, six of the eight antiseptic agents tested showed a fungicidal activity on the tested r. rubra strain.	2003	14641623
rhodotorula rubra.		2003	14651142
[the effect of sodium malonate on yeast thermotolerance].	the study of the effect of malonate (an inhibitor of the succinate dehydrogenase complex of the respiratory chain of mitochondria) on the thermotolerance of the fermentative saccharomyces cerevisiae and nonfermentative rhodotorula rubra yeasts showed that malonate augmented the damaging effect of heat shock on the yeasts utilizing glucose (or other sugars) by means of oxidative phosphorylation. at the same time, malonate did not influence and sometimes even improved the thermotolerance of the ye ...	2003	14679898
[yeast carriage on the hands of medicine students].	the main focus of our study was to determine the prevalence of yeasts on the hands of medicine students and other students not related to the health care system. between july 1999 and july 2000, 253 students of medicine (163) and engineering (90) were studied. medicine students were grouped as basic (71), pre-clinical (62) and clinical (30). the engineering's students were divided into three groups according to the years of study. the total yeasts carried on the hands of medicine's students were ...	2003	15456369
the enhancement of reproduction and biodegradation activity of eukaryiotic cells by humic acids.	fourteen samples of humic acids (ha) were screened for ability to influence reproduction and biodegradation activity of eukaryotic cells in the presence of chosen toxic pollutants. microorganisms candida maltosa and rhodotorula mucilaginosa (soil isolates) were used for all tests. it was observed during our experiments that some samples of humic acids served as a protection against the high concentration of toxic pollutants (phenol, naphtalene etc). this effect can be widely used in many bioreme ...	2003	15296162
finding optimal photosensitisers for the decontamination of foods by the photodynamic effect.	a new method for sanitation based on the photodynamic effect is introduced. photosensitisers are compounds that generate cytotoxic oxygen species and free radicals after excitation with appropriate visible light. the cell killing efficacy is due to their chemical structure, to the actual environment and therefore also to their degree of aggregation. as has been shown, photosensitisers bound to the cell wall or incorporated into the cells are very effective cytotoxic agents after illumination. ev ...	2003	15806940
oral candida flora from brazilian human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era.	one of the main opportunistic fungal infections amongst immunocompromised individuals is oral candidosis, which has been found in up to 90% of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients. this study employed yeasts isolated from the saliva and oral cavities of 114 hiv-infected patients living in campinas, são paulo. of the isolates, 57.8% were identified as candida albicans and 42.1% as non-c. albicans. the latter isolates were subsequently identified as c. krusei (7.5%), c. lusitaniae ...	2004	15322634
efficacy of antiseptics and disinfectants on clinical and environmental yeast isolates in planktonic and biofilm conditions.	the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of five antiseptics, three surface disinfectants and uv radiation against a wide range of clinical and environmental yeast isolates. their efficacy against pure cultures, yeast mixtures and biofilms (prepared by culturing yeasts in sabouraud broth containing a final concentration of 8% glucose) was tested. three clinical isolates of candida albicans, cryptococcus neoformans and rhodotorula rubra, and two environmental isolates of candida albican ...	2004	15358824
the yeast flora of some decaying mushrooms on trunks of living trees.	several ascomycetous and basidiomycetous yeasts were isolated from rotten mushrooms on the trunks of beech and tamarisk trees. one strain, identified as the novel species cryptococcus allantoinivorans, assimilated allantoin as the sole carbon source. phylogenetically it belongs to the c. laurentii complex, papiliotrema bandonii being the closest relative. some ascomycetous strains could not be distinguished from pichia guillermondii, but deviated considerably in rdna sequences. in addition to th ...	2004	15702547
prevalence of yeasts in the oral cavity of children treated with inhaled corticosteroids.	the aim of this study was to observe the prevalence of candida spp. in the oral cavity of children undergoing treatment with inhaled corticosteroids. thirty children treated with inhaled corticosteroids and thirty control children were studied. saliva samples were collected through oral rinses with phosphate buffered saline (pbs). the samples were plated on sabouraud's dextrose agar and incubated at 37 degrees c for 48 h. after this period, the number of colony-forming units per ml (cfu/ml) of s ...	2004	15619871
effect of foliar disease on the epiphytic yeast communities of creeping bentgrass and tall fescue.	the effect of mechanical wounding or foliar diseases caused by sclerotinia homoeocarpa or rhizoctonia solani on the epiphytic yeast communities on creeping bentgrass and tall fescue were determined by leaf washing and dilution plating. total yeast communities on healthy bentgrass and tall fescue leaves ranged from 7.9 x 103 to 1.4 x 105 cfu.cm-2 and from 2.4 x 103 to 1.6 x 104 cfu.cm-2, respectively. mechanically wounded leaves (1 of 2 trials) and leaves with disease lesions (11 of 12 trials) su ...	2004	15644900
biomass production of yeast isolate from salad oil manufacturing wastewater.	conversion of oil-rich salad oil manufacturing wastewater (somw) into protein source for animal feed through biomass production of yeast isolate was investigated in this study. five species of yeasts, including rhodotorula rubra, candida tropicalis, c. utilis, c. boidinii, trichosporon cutaneum, were isolated from somw following enrichment culture. of them, c. utilis was chosen as the sole biomass producer in the study due to its greatest oil uptake rate, 0.96 kg oil kg(-1) biomass d(-1), and hi ...	2004	15683910
[multifocal mycoses in women: prevalence, species characteristics, and some intraspecific features].	the aim of this study was to detect fungi in three ontocenoses of 947 women (aged 20-45). the prevalence of multifocal fungal infections in women varied from 62.2 +/- 2.99% to 81.0 +/- 3.92% in different ontocenoses. they assumed the following mean values: 38.4 +/- 1.77% for the vagina, 42.2 +/- 1.80% for the oral cavity, and 25.0 +/- 1.58% for the anus. the clinical manifestations of sexual organs inflammations were statistically significantly (p < 0.01) more frequent in women infected with fun ...	2004	16865940
unusual cause of peritonitis during peritoneal dialysis. rhodotorula rubra and amphotericin b.		2004	15503179
growth inhibition dependent on reactive oxygen species generated by c9-uk-2a, a derivative of the antifungal antibiotic uk-2a, in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	uk-2a is a potent antifungal antibiotic and its structure is highly similar to that of antimycin a3 (aa). uk-2a and aa inhibit mitochondrial electron transport at complex iii. c9-uk-2a, which has been prepared to improve the duration of the antifungal activity of uk-2a, shows durable fungicidal activities against various species of fungi and induces both membrane injury and the generation of cellular reactive oxygen species (ros) against rhodotorula mucilaginosa ifo 0001 cells. we found that c9- ...	2004	15515888
direct chemical synthesis of the beta-mannans: linear and block syntheses of the alternating beta-(1-->3)-beta-(1-->4)-mannan common to rhodotorula glutinis, rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and leptospira biflexa.	two stereocontrolled syntheses of a methyl glycoside of an alternating beta-(1-->4)-beta-(1-->3)-mannohexaose, representative of the mannan from rhodotorula glutinis, rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and leptospira biflexa, are described. both syntheses employ a combination of 4,6-o-benzylidene- and 4,6-o-p-methoxybenzylidene acetal-protected donors to achieve stereocontrolled formation of the beta-mannoside linkage. the first synthesis is a linear one and proceeds with a high degree of stereocontrol t ...	2004	15548005
application of temperature gradient gel electrophoresis to the study of yeast diversity in the estuary of the tagus river, portugal.	temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (tgge) was employed for the assessment of yeast diversity in the estuary of the tagus river (portugal). the molecular detection of yeasts was carried out directly from water samples and, in parallel, a cultivation approach by means of an enrichment step was employed. a nested pcr was employed to obtain a fungal amplicon containing the d2 domain of the 26s rrna gene. for identification the tgge bands were extracted, re-amplified, and sequenced. fourteen fu ...	2004	15556087
polyphasic identification of yeasts isolated from bark of cork oak during the manufacturing process of cork stoppers.	a two-step protocol was used for the identification of 52 yeasts isolated from bark of cork oak at initial stages of the manufacturing process of cork stoppers. the first step in the identification was the separation of the isolates into groups by their physiological properties and rflps of the its-5.8s rrna gene. the second step was the sequencing of the d1/d2 domains of the 26s rrna gene of selected isolates representing the different groups. the results revealed a predominance of basidiomycet ...	2004	15093778
rhodotorula mucilaginosa, a carotenoid producing yeast strain from a patagonian high-altitude lake.	the red yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa strain crub 0138 (previously identified as r. lactosa) was isolated from a high-altitude patagonian lake toncek (1700 m a.s.l.), and assigned with mucilaginosa species. its biochemical, physiological and molecular features were assessed and compared to r. mucilaginosa pycc 5166 type strain using a polyphasic approach; in addition, biomass and carotenoid pigment production at different c/n ratios were determined in an incubator shaker. phenetic characterizat ...	2004	15143736
[search of heavy metals biosorbents among yeasts of different taxonomic groups].	the use of microbial cells as heavy metal biosorbents is a potential alternative for the existing methods of the environment treatment for pollution by these metals. yeast may be successfully used in the metals sorption. an agar-plate screening method was used for rapid isolation of metal-accumulating strains of yeast and preliminary estimation of their biosorption capacity. the capacity to accumulate heavy metals, such as copper, zinc, lead, chrome and cobalt was estimated in 68 pigmented and p ...	2004	15208860
exopolysaccharides produced by mixed culture of yeast rhodotorula rubra ged10 and yogurt bacteria (streptococcus thermophilus 13a + lactobacillus bulgaricus 2-11).	the studies of the production of exopolysaccharides by lactose-negative yeast and a yogurt starter co-cultivated in a natural substrate containing lactose may be considered of interest because they reveal the possibilities for high-efficiency synthesis of biopolymers by mixed cultivation.	2004	15281931
synthesis of carotenoids by rhodotorula rubra ged8 co-cultured with yogurt starter cultures in whey ultrafiltrate.	two cultures, a yeast ( rhodorula rubra ged8) and a yogurt starter ( lactobacillus bulgaricus 2-11+ streptococcus thermophilus 15ha), were selected for associated growth in whey ultrafiltrate (wu) and active synthesis of carotenoids. in associated cultivation with the yogurt culture l bulgaricus 2-11+s. thermophilus 15ha under intensive aeration (1.3 l(-1)min(-1) air-flow rate) in wu (45 g lactose l(-1)), initial ph 5.5, 30 degrees c, the lactose-negative strain r. rubra ged8 synthesized large a ...	2004	14997360
use of whey ultrafiltrate as a substrate for production of carotenoids by the yeast rhodotorula rubra.	carotenogenesis of the lactose-negative yeast rhodotorula rubra ged5 was studied by cocultivation with kluyveromyces lactis mp11 in whey ultrafiltrate (wu) (35, 50, and 70 g of lactose/l). maximum yields of cell mass (24.3 g/l) and carotenoids (10.2 mg/l of culture fluid or 0.421 micro g/g of dry cells) were obtained by growing the microbial association in wu (50 g of lactose/l) in a fermentor with an airflow rate of 0.8 l/(l.min), agitation of 220 rpm, and temperature of 30 degrees c. the ident ...	2004	15007181
improvement of carotenoid-synthesizing yeast rhodotorula rubra by chemical mutagenesis.	a mutant rhodotorula rubra with enhanced carotenoid-synthesizing activity for synthesizing total carotenoids and beta-carotene was obtained by n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis. when co-cultivated with yogurt starter bacteria (lactobacillus bulgaricus + streptococcus thermophilus) in whey ultrafiltrate it produced 15.7 mg total carotenoids l(-1) culture fluid or 946 microg total carotenoids g(-1) dry cells of which 71% was beta-carotene. grown as a monoculture in glucose substrate ...	2004	15018061
alterations in protein synthesis and levels of heat shock 70 proteins in response to salt stress of the halotolerant yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa.	responses of the halotolerant yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa yrh2 to salt stress was studied. strain yrh2 was isolated from chemical industry park wastewater evaporation ponds that are characterized by large fluctuations in salinity and ph. upon shift to high salt medium there is a shutdown of protein synthesis. radiolabeling and separation of proteins from salt stressed and non-stressed cells identified down-regulated heat shock 70 proteins ssb1/2p, by n-terminal sequencing and western blotting ...	2004	15031641
[groups and sources of yeasts in house dust].	house dust contains bacteria, mycelial fungi, microarthropods, and yeasts. the house dust samples collected in 25 apartments in moscow and the moscow region were found to contain yeasts belonging to the genera candida, cryptococcus, debaryomyces, rhodotorula, sporobolomyces, and trichosporon. the most frequently encountered microorganisms were typical epiphytic yeasts, such as cryptococcus diffluens and rhodotorula mucilaginosa, which are capable of long-term preservation in an inactive state. t ...	2004	15074050
improvement by soil yeasts of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis of soybean (glycine max) colonized by glomus mosseae.	the effects of the soil yeasts rhodotorula mucilaginosa, cryptococcus laurentii and saccharomyces kunashirensis on the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus glomus mosseae (beg 12) was studied in vitro and in greenhouse trials. the presence of yeasts or their soluble and volatile exudates stimulated the percentage spore germination and hyphal growth of g. mosseae. percentage root length colonized by g. mosseae and plant dry matter of soybean (glycine maxl. merill) were increased only when the soil ...	2004	14685832
characterization of micro-organisms isolated from dairy industry after cleaning and fogging disinfection with alkyl amine and peracetic acid.	to characterize micro-organisms isolated from norwegian dairy production plants after cleaning and fogging disinfection with alkyl amine/peracetic acid and to indicate reasons for survival.	2005	15610421
biological treatment of wastewater discharged from biodiesel fuel production plant with alkali-catalyzed transesterification.	the biological treatment of wastewater discharged from a biodiesel fuel (bdf) production plant conducting alkali catalysis transesterification was investigated. bdf wastewater has a high ph and high hexane-extracted oil and low nitrogen concentrations, and inhibits the growth of microorganisms. the biological treatment of bdf wastewater is difficult because the composition of such wastewater is not suitable for microbial growth. to apply the microbiological treatment of bdf wastewater using an o ...	2005	16310734
occurrence and diversity of yeasts in the mid-atlantic ridge hydrothermal fields near the azores archipelago.	the yeast community associated with deep-sea hydrothermal systems of the mid-atlantic rift was surveyed for the first time. this study relied on a culture-based approach using two different growth media: a conventional culture medium for yeasts supplemented with sea salts (mypss) and the same medium additionally supplemented with sulfur (mypsss). for the evaluation of species diversity, a molecular approach involving minisatellite-primed polymerase chain reaction (msp-pcr) strain typing and sequ ...	2005	16328655
yeast community survey in the tagus estuary.	the yeast community in the waters of the tagus estuary, portugal, was followed for over a year in order to assess its dynamics. yeast occurrence and incidence were measured and this information was related to relevant environmental data. yeast occurrence did not seem to depend upon tides, but river discharge had a dramatic impact both on the density and diversity of the community. the occurrence of some yeasts was partially correlated with faecal pollution indicators. yeast isolates were charact ...	2005	16329949
susceptibility profile of 29 clinical isolates of rhodotorula spp. and literature review.	in vitro susceptibility results of 29 clinical isolates of rhodotorula spp. were analysed. in addition, the susceptibility profile of another 102 rhodotorula isolates was reviewed.	2005	15695538
rhodotorula rubra keratitis and melting after repeated penetrating keratoplasty.	to describe a rare case of rhodotorula rubra keratitis in a corneal graft, and to discuss the management of this unusual pathogen.	2005	15751254
efficiency of blood culture bottles for the fungal sterility testing of corneal organ culture media.	the consequences of fungal contamination of an organ cultured cornea, though exceptional, are often disastrous for the recipient. consequently, eye banks often quarantine corneas for 10 days or more before passing them for grafting. this period, though detrimental to the endothelial cell density of the delivered cornea, is necessary to detect contamination using conventional microbiological methods. the authors previously validated the use of a pair of aerobic and anaerobic blood bottles for sen ...	2005	15834090
evidence for viable but nonculturable yeasts in botrytis-affected wine.	in botrytis-affected wine, high concentrations of so2 are added to stop the alcoholic fermentation and to stabilize the wine. during maturing in barrels or bottle-ageing, an unwanted refermentation can sometimes occur. however, results of the usual plate count of wine samples at the beginning of maturing suggest wine microbial stability. the aim of this study was to investigate the mode of yeasts survival after the addition of so2 and to identify surviving yeasts.	2005	15960668
novel microbial epoxide hydrolases for biohydrolysis of glycidyl derivatives.	microbial isolates from biofilters and petroleum-polluted bioremediation sites were screened for the presence of enantioselective epoxide hydrolases active towards tert-butyl glycidyl ether, benzyl glycidyl ether, and allyl glycidyl ether. out of 270 isolated strains, which comprised bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi, four were selected based on the enantioselectivities of their epoxide hydrolases determined in biotransformation reactions. the enzyme of aspergillus niger m200 preferentiall ...	2005	16061300
a vacuolar serine protease (rho m 2) is a major allergen of rhodotorula mucilaginosa and belongs to a class of highly conserved pan-fungal allergens.	rhodotorula mucilaginosa is one of the most frequently encountered species of yeasts in our environment. we reported here a major allergen of r. mucilaginosa.	2005	16179794
production of volatile organic compounds (vocs) by yeasts isolated from the ascocarps of black (tuber melanosporum vitt.) and white (tuber magnatum pico) truffles.	twenty-nine yeast strains were isolated from the ascocarps of black and white truffles (tuber melanosporum vitt. and tuber magnatum pico, respectively), and identified using a polyphasic approach. according to the conventional taxonomic methods, msp-pcr fingerprinting and sequencing of the d1/d2 domain of 26s rdna, the strains were identified as candida saitoana, debaryomyces hansenii, cryptococcus sp., rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and trichosporon moniliiforme. all isolates assimilated l: -methion ...	2005	16187098
copper tolerant yeasts isolated from polluted area of argentina.	eleven yeasts were isolated from wastewater sediment samples collected from a copper filter mine plant, located in the province of tucumán, argentina, and tested for their heavy metal tolerance. two isolates were selected based on their multiple tolerance to different heavy metals and their copper biosorption capacity was studied. analysis of the 26s rdna d1/d2 domain sequences indicates that isolate rcl-3 showed similarity with candida sp. and rcl-11 with rhodotorula mucilaginosa . growth perfo ...	2005	16187261
determination of the antimicrobial properties of oligo-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde.	oligo-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (ohna) was synthesized by oxidative polycondensation using h2o2 (35%, aqueous solution), air o2 and naocl (34%, aqueous solution) by kaya and senol and the products were characterized by spectral techniques. antimicrobial activities of the first and second fractions of ohna were tested against corynobacterium xerosis ccm 2824, proteus vulgaris atcc 6897, staphylococcus epidermidis nrrl b-4877, s. aureus atcc 6538, enterobacter aerogenes atcc 13048, salmonella thy ...	2005	16355978
fungal contamination of bedding.	it is currently believed that most fungal exposure occurs external to the home.	2006	16364170
characterization of some yeasts isolated from foods by traditional and molecular tests.	in this study, 22 yeast strains isolated from foods were characterized by traditional and molecular techniques. with the help of traditional identification tests, yeast strains were grouped in 12 species belonging to 11 genera as follows: candida parapsilosis, rhodotorula mucilaginosa, debaryomyces hansenii, cryptococcus humicolus, cryptococcus albidus, aureobasidium spp., hanseniaspora valbyensis, metschnikowia pulcherrima, lachancea thermotolerans, pichia anomala, geotrichum candidum and yarro ...	2006	16388865
rhodotorula pacifica sp. nov., a novel yeast species from sediment collected on the deep-sea floor of the north-west pacific ocean.	a novel species of the genus rhodotorula was isolated from sediments collected on the deep-sea floor in the north-west pacific ocean. strains sy-96t, isolated from the yap trench, and sy-246, isolated from the iheya ridge, had almost identical nucleotide sequences for their internal transcribed spacers and their 5.8s rdna. their physiological characteristics were also almost identical. the strains were assumed to be related to rhodotorula mucilaginosa and rhodotorula dairenensis based on sequenc ...	2006	16403901
rhodotorula mucilaginosa outbreak in neonatal intensive care unit: microbiological features, clinical presentation, and analysis of related variables.	reported here are the features of a rhodotorula mucilaginosa outbreak that occurred in a neonatal intensive care unit. over a period of 19 days, clinical and laboratory signs of sepsis appeared in four premature infants carrying indwelling vascular catheters. after bloodstream infection with r. mucilaginosa was ascertained, the patients underwent amphotericin b therapy and recovered completely. in a retrospective case-control study, the variables displaying a statistical difference between case ...	2006	16525775
occurrence of yeasts in cloacae of migratory birds.	several species of yeast have been reported as pathogens in humans based on increases in immunodeficiency syndromes and as a result of immunosuppressant chemotherapy in cancer treatment. domestic and wild birds are known to act as carriers of human pathogenic fungi. to gain additional information on the yeasts present in the cloacae of some species of migratory birds, 421 wild birds (24.39% out of 1726 birds caught in romania, hungary and bulgaria) were sampled with the permission of the local j ...	2006	16552486
structure-activity relationship studies on uk-2a, a novel antifungal antibiotic from streptomyces sp. 517-02. part 5: roles of the 9-membered dilactone-ring moiety in respiratory inhibition.	several open-chained analogues of uk-2a, a novel antifungal antibiotic isolated from streptomyces sp. 517-02, were prepared for structure-activity studies. the in vitro antifungal activities of these compounds against rhodotorula mucilaginosa ifo 0001 and the inhibition of uncoupler-stimulated respiration in bovine heart submitochondrial particles (smp) were evaluated. oxidative potentials were measured by cyclic voltammetry. an analogue prepared from dihexyl l-glutamate showed comparable inhibi ...	2006	16564168
[screening of yeasts producing stable l-lactate cytochrome c oxidoreductase and regulation of enzyme synthesis].	screening of strains producing a stable form of l-lactate cytochrome c oxidoreductase (flavocytochrome b2, fc b2) was carried out among 14 yeast species. enzyme activity was detected in polyacrylamide gel after the electrophoresis of cell-free extracts. the fc b2 of hansenula polymorpha, rhodotorula pilimanae, and kluyveromyces lactis are characterized by high thermostability; in particular, the fc b2 of h. polymorpha retains its activity and tetrameric structure even after heating at 60 degrees ...	2006	16579440
susceptibility of yeast isolates from cattle with otitis to aqueous solution of povidone iodine and to alcohol-ether solution.	lipid-dependent malassezia species, candida spp. and rhodotorula mucilaginosa have been associated with bovine parasitic otitis. this paper evaluated the susceptibility of 63 yeast isolates from cattle with otitis to a povidone iodine aqueous solution (1% and 0.5% v/v) and to an alcohol-ether solution (1:1 v/v). the effectiveness of these antiseptics was assessed using the european suspension test. products achieving equal to or greater than 5-log reduction in numbers of the challenge organism a ...	2006	16772232
are therapeutic ultrasound units a potential vector for nosocomial infection?	nosocomial infections present a widespread problem in today's healthcare environment, with a significant number of patients acquiring an infection annually. with the contemporary transition of immunocompromised and high-risk patients to community-based care, therapeutic ultrasound has the potential to be a vector of infection in the physiotherapy setting. the purpose of the present study was to determine the degree of contamination on therapeutic ultrasound transducer heads and ultrasound gel af ...	2006	16808087
a cold active (2r,3r)-(-)-di-o-benzoyl-tartrate hydrolyzing esterase from rhodotorula mucilaginosa.	in a screening procedure a pink-colored yeast was isolated from enrichment cultures with (2r,3r)-(-)-di-o-benzoyl-tartrate (benzoyl-tartrate) as the sole carbon source. the organism saar1 was identified by morphological, physiological, and 18s ribosomal dna/internal transcribed spacer analysis as rhodotorula mucilaginosa, a basidiomycetous yeast. during growth the yeast hydrolyzed the dibenzoyl ester stoichiometrically to the monoester using the separated benzoate as the growth substrate, before ...	2006	16847603
moulds and yeasts in fruit salads and fruit juices.	thirty-eight fruit salad samples including cantaloupe, citrus fruits, honeydew, pineapple, cut strawberries and mixed fruit salads, and 65 pasteurized fruit juice samples (apple, carrot, grapefruit, grape and orange juices, apple cider, and soy milk) were purchased from local supermarkets in the washington, dc area and tested for fungal contamination. the majority of fruit salad samples (97%) were contaminated with yeasts at levels ranging from <2.0 to 9.72 log10 of colony forming units per gram ...	2006	16943069
beta-carotene-rich carotenoid-protein preparation and exopolysaccharide production by rhodotorula rubra ged8 grown with a yogurt starter culture.	the underlying method for obtaining a beta-carotene-rich carotenoid-protein preparation and exopolysaccharides is the associated cultivation of the carotenoid-synthesizing lactose-negative yeast strain rhodotorula rubra ged8 with the yogurt starter culture (lactobacillus bulgaricus 2-11 + streptococcus thermophilus 15ha) in whey ultrafiltrate (45 g lactose/l) with a maximum carotenoid yield of 13.37 mg/l culture fluid on the 4.5th day. the chemical composition of the carotenoid-protein preparati ...	2006	16989319
mercury and organomercurial resistance in rhodotorula rubra: activation of glutathione reductase.		2006	17033861
dna typing methods for differentiation of yeasts related to dry-cured meat products.	rflp analysis of the its and 18s rdna, rapd-pcr using mini- and microsatellite primers and rflp analysis of mitochondrial dna were examined to discriminate yeasts related to dry-cured meat products at species and strain level. seven species and 35 strains of yeasts usually found in dry-cured meat products were tested. rflp analysis of the its1-5.8s rdna-its2 and 18s rdna did not allow the separation at species level of all of the species tested. rapd with a m13 primer was found to be useful for ...	2006	16257467
effects of different fungal elicitors on growth, total carotenoids and astaxanthin formation by xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous.	six fungal elicitors prepared from rhodotorula rubra, rhodotorula glutinis, panus conchatus, coriolus versicolor, mucor mucedo, mortieralla alpina m-23 were examined to determine their effects on the growth, total carotenoids and astaxanthin formation by xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous. the results showed that different fungal elicitor could cause diversely stimulating effects. among the fungal elicitors tested, the m. mucedo elicitor concentration of 30 mg l(-1) promoted the biomass and total car ...	2006	16154499
inhibitory effects of na-hypochlorite and heating on the mycobiota associated with fruits or juice of passion (passiflora edulis sims) in uganda.	a total of 34 species belonging to 21 genera of fungi were recorded on passion fruits of both pure and hybrid origin in uganda, however, the pure type exhibited wider spectrum (28 species and 16 genera) than the hybrid type (21 & 15). also, yeasts (unidentified and rhodotorula mucilaginosa) were also encountered in high numbers. moreover, the mean count of all mycobiota obtained from the pure type was higher than that of hybrid, despite the bigger size of the later. members of yeasts and cladosp ...	2006	24039477
pseudomonas corrugata: plant pathogen and/or biological resource?	summary pseudomonas corrugata is the causal agent of tomato pith necrosis yet it is also used in the biological control of plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. potentially it could be used in other fields, such as the production of commercial biomolecules with a wide range of application and including bioremediation. this review reports the multiple characteristics of the bacterium, highlights its known molecular features and speculates on the possible underlying mechanisms of action. taxonomy: ...	2007	20507495