Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| flipper, a mobile fot1-like transposable element in botrytis cinerea. | a transposable element, flipper, was isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea. the element was identified as an insertion sequence within the coding region of the nitrate reductase gene. the flipper sequence is 1842 bp long with perfect inverted terminal repeats (itrs) of 48 bp and an open reading frame (orf) of 533 amino acids, potentially encoding for a transposase; the element is flanked by the dinucleotide ta. the encoded protein is very similar to the putative transposases ... | 1997 | 9202383 |
| characterization and regulation of glycine transport in fusarium oxysporum var. lini. | glycine was transported in fusarium oxysporum cells, grown on glycine as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen, by a facilitated diffusion transport system with a half-saturation constant (ks) of 11 mm and a maximum velocity (vmax) of 1.2 mm (g dry weight)-1 h-1 at ph 5.0 and 26 degrees c. under conditions of nitrogen starvation, the same system was present together with a high-affinity one (ks) of about 47 microm and vmax of about 60 microm (g dry weight)-1 h-1). the low-affinity system was mo ... | 1996 | 9181075 |
| purification and characterization of an antifungal pr-5 protein from pumpkin leaves. | a 28-kda antifungal pr-5 protein (pltp) was purified from pumpkin leaves to homogeneity by using ammonium sulfate fractionation, a regenerated chitin column, and reversed-phase column chromatographies on butyl-toyopearl and hplc c18 columns. analysis of 14 n-terminal amino acid sequences of pltp shows 100% sequence identity to those of two pr-5 proteins, np24 from tomatoes and ap24 from tobacco. the identical sequence also exhibited high amino acid sequence homology to that of an osmotin-like pr ... | 1997 | 9163735 |
| structure of the endoglucanase i from fusarium oxysporum: native, cellobiose, and 3,4-epoxybutyl beta-d-cellobioside-inhibited forms, at 2.3 a resolution. | the mechanisms involved in the enzymatic degradation of cellulose are of great ecological and commercial importance. the breakdown of cellulose by fungal species is performed by a consortium of free enzymes, known as cellobiohydrolases and endoglucanases, which are found in many of the 57 glycosyl hydrolase families. the structure of the endoglucanase i (eg i), found in glycosyl hydrolase family 7, from the thermophilic fungus fusarium oxysporum has been solved at 2.3 a resolution. in addition t ... | 1997 | 9153432 |
| identification of the catalytic nucleophile of endoglucanase i from fusarium oxysporum by mass spectrometry. | the endoglucanase eg i from fusarium oxysporum catalyzes the hydrolysis of cellulose via a double-displacement mechanism involving the formation and hydrolysis of a glycosyl-enzyme intermediate. treatment of eg i with 2',4'-dinitrophenyl-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-cellobioside results in the time-dependent inactivation of the enzyme (k(i) = 1.36 min(-1), ki = 0.88 mm) via trapping of a covalent 2-deoxy-2-fluorocellobiosyl-enzyme intermediate. this intermediate is, however, catalytically competent u ... | 1997 | 9153431 |
| invasive fusarium infections: a retrospective survey of 31 cases. the french 'groupe d'etudes des mycoses opportunistes' gemo. | a retrospective study was conducted in france to investigate fusarium infections which are now recognized as emerging opportunistic infections. the clinical and mycological findings for 31 cases diagnosed between 1984 and 1993 by members of the french groupe d'etudes des mycoses opportunistes were analysed. all suffered from haematological disease, most often acute leucaemia (n = 19). twenty-two had received cytostatic chemotherapy and ten had undergone bone marrow transplantation. prolonged apl ... | 1997 | 9147270 |
| the i2c family from the wilt disease resistance locus i2 belongs to the nucleotide binding, leucine-rich repeat superfamily of plant resistance genes. | characterization of plant resistance genes is an important step in understanding plant defense mechanisms. fusarium oxysporum f sp lycopersici is the causal agent of a vascular wilt disease in tomato. genes conferring resistance to plant vascular diseases have yet to be described molecularly. members of a new multigene family, complex i2c, were isolated by map-based cloning from the i2 f. o. lycopersici race 2 resistance locus. the genes show structural similarity to the group of recently isolat ... | 1997 | 9144960 |
| overexpression of an endogenous thionin enhances resistance of arabidopsis against fusarium oxysporum. | thionins are antimicrobial proteins that are thought to be involved in plant defense. concordant with this view, we have recently shown that the arabidopsis thionin thi2.1 gene is inducible by phytopathogenic fungi. here, we demonstrate that constitutive overexpression of this thionin enhances the resistance of the susceptible ecotype columbia (col-2) against attack by fusarium oxysporum f sp matthiolae. transgenic lines had a reduced loss of chlorophyll after inoculation and supported significa ... | 1997 | 9144959 |
| antimicrobial activities of streptomyces pulcher, s. canescens and s. citreofluorescens against fungal and bacterial pathogens of tomato in vitro. | thirty-seven actinomycete species isolated from fertile cultivated soils in egypt were screened for the production of antimicrobial compounds against a variety of test organisms. most of the isolates exhibited antimicrobial activities against gram-positive, gram-negative, and acid-fast bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi, with special attention to fungal and bacterial pathogens of tomato. on starch-nitrate agar, 14 strains were active against fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (the cause of ... | 1996 | 9131789 |
| fusaricidins b, c and d, new depsipeptide antibiotics produced by bacillus polymyxa kt-8: isolation, structure elucidation and biological activity. | fusaricidins b, c and d, new depsipeptide antibiotics, have been isolated as minor components from the culture broth of bacillus polymyxa kt-8 which was obtained from the rhizosphere of garlic suffering from the basal rot caused by fusarium oxysporum. the structure of fusaricidin b has been elucidated mainly by various nmr experiments coupled with amino acid analysis in relation to fusaricidin a, the main component of the complex, whose structure was reported previously. the fraction consisting ... | 1997 | 9127193 |
| uncommon clinical patterns of fusarium nail infection: report of three cases. | three cases of proximal subungual onychomycosis due to fusarium oxysporum, including a patient with a fingernail infection, are described. all patients were immunocompetent and presented with acute paronychia associated with proximal or total leukonychia of the affected nails. nail avulsion followed by topical treatment produced clinical and mycological cure. the literature on fusarium onychomycosis is discussed. the combination of proximal subungual onychomycosis with subacute or acute paronych ... | 1997 | 9115931 |
| effect of water activity, modified atmosphere packaging and storage temperature on spore germination of moulds isolated from prunes. | the combined effect of medium water activity (aw) modified atmosphere packaging (map) on the conidial germination of aspergillus niger, eurotium amstelodami, penicillium chrysogenum and fusarium oxysporum was studied by applying response surface methodology (rsm) for 45 days incubation at 20, 30 and 40 degrees c. oxytetracycline glucose yeast extract (ogye) agar media were prepared over a wide range of aw (0.80-0.95), controlled by glucose. the headspace atmosphere composition varied from 0-20% ... | 1997 | 9081224 |
| functional and structural comparison of nitric oxide reductases from denitrifying fungi cylindrocarpon tonkinense and fusarium oxysporum. | two isozymes of nitric oxide reductase (nor) from the denitrifying fungus cylindrocarpon tonkinense (c.nor1 and c.nor2) are the heme-enzyme cytochrome p-450's (usuda et al. (1995) appl. environ. microbiol. 61, 883-889). however, they catalyze the no reduction to n2o, but not the monooxygenation reaction using o2. we kinetically and spectrophotometrically studied the reactions of the two nor's with no and electron donor, nad(p)h, using flash-photolysis and stopped-flow rapid scan methods. the enz ... | 1997 | 9074619 |
| in-vitro antifungal susceptibility of clinical and environmental fusarium spp. strains. | the mics of amphotericin b, miconazole, ketoconazole, flucytosine, itraconazole and fluconazole for 19 isolates of fusarium oxysporum, 16 fusarium solani, seven fusarium verticilliodes, four fusarium proliferatum, four fusarium dimerum, three fusarium equiseti, and one each of the following species: fusarium graminearum, fusarium chlamydosporum, fusarium semitectum, fusarium avenaceum and fusarium subglutinans were determined by a broth microdilution method. thirty-eight of these isolates were o ... | 1997 | 9069536 |
| the 24-kda protein from fusarium oxysporum f.sp. erythroxyli: occurrence in related fungi and the effect of growth medium on its production. | a 24-kda protein that elicits ethylene production and necrosis in leaves of dicotyledonous plants was previously purified from culture filtrates of fusarium oxysporum schlechtend:fr. f.sp. erythroxyli. antisera to the denatured 24-kda protein detected 2.5 ng of the 24-kda protein on western blots at 100000-fold dilutions. the antisera cross-reacted with a 24-kda protein on western blots of culture filtrates from three other f. oxysporum formae speciales. of seven fusarium species, only f. oxyspo ... | 1997 | 9057295 |
| molecular cloning, structural analysis, and expression in escherichia coli of a chitinase gene from enterobacter agglomerans. | the gene chia, which codes for endochitinase, was cloned from a soilborne enterobacter agglomerans. its complete sequence was determined, and the deduced amino acid sequence of the enzyme designated chia_entag yielded an open reading frame coding for 562 amino acids of a 61-kda precursor protein with a putative leader peptide at its n terminus. the nucleotide and polypeptide sequences of chia_entag showed 86.8 and 87.7% identity with the corresponding gene and enzyme, chia_serma, of serratia mar ... | 1997 | 9055404 |
| identification of the naturally occurring flavin of nitroalkane oxidase from fusarium oxysporum as a 5-nitrobutyl-fad and conversion of the enzyme to the active fad-containing form. | nitroalkane oxidase from fusarium oxysporum catalyzes the oxidation of nitroalkanes to aldehydes with production of nitrite and hydrogen peroxide. the uv-visible absorbance spectrum of the purified enzyme shows a single absorption peak at 336 nm with an extinction coefficient of 7.4 mm-1 cm-1. upon denaturation of the enzyme at ph 7.0, a stoichiometric amount of fad is released. the spectral properties of the enzyme as isolated are consistent with an n(5) adduct of the flavin. this is not due to ... | 1997 | 9038163 |
| fungal p450nor: expression in escherichia coli and site-directed mutageneses at the putative distal region. | p450nor, nitric oxide reductase from fusarium oxysporum, was expressed in the soluble fraction of escherichia coli cells by modifying the n-terminal codons and utilizing the pcw vector. the modified p450nor purified to electrophoretic homogeneity had spectral and enzymatic properties identical to those of native p450nor obtained from the fungi. residues 239 to 247 of the modified p450nor were replaced with lys by site-directed mutagenesis. thr-243 to his- and arg-mutants were also created. among ... | 1997 | 9016831 |
| oxysporidinone: a novel, antifungal n-methyl-4-hydroxy-2-pyridone from fusarium oxysporum. | oxysporidinone (1), a novel 3,5-disubstituted n-methyl-4-hydroxy-2-pyridone, was isolated from fermentations of fusarium oxysporum (cbs 330.95) by counter-current chromatography. the structure was determined by spectroscopic methods including nmr, ms, ir, and uv analysis. oxysporidinone exhibited growth inhibitory activity against several common plant pathogenic fungi. | 1997 | 9014349 |
| n-terminal processing and amino acid sequence of two isoforms of nitric oxide reductase cytochrome p450nor from fusarium oxysporum. | cytochrome p450nor (p450nor), a nitric oxide reductase involved in the denitrifying system of the fungus fusarium oxysporum, revealed molecular multiplicity. two isoforms of p450nor, termed p450nora (nora) and p450norb (norb), were isolated. they had distinct isoelectric points of 5.1 (nora) and 4.9 (norb). however, their catalytic, spectroscopic, and immunological properties were almost identical. partial amino acid sequences, involving 263 amino acid residues of nora and 278 residues of norb a ... | 1996 | 9010754 |
| two isozymes of p450nor of cylindrocarpon tonkinense: molecular cloning of the cdnas and genes, expressions in the yeast, and the putative nad(p)h-binding site. | the cdnas and genes for two isozymes of cytochrome p450nor of the fungus cylindrocarpon tonkinense, p450nor1 and p450nor2, were cloned and sequenced. their deduced amino acid sequences respectively showed 83 and 70% identity to that of p450nor of fusarium oxysporum, and 69% identity to each other. the genes for p450nor1 and p450nor2 were termed, respectively, cyp 55a2 and cyp 55a3. the cdna for p450nor1 contained a targeting-like presequence upstream the n-terminus of mature protein whereas that ... | 1996 | 9010609 |
| stress-induced rearrangement of fusarium retrotransposon sequences. | rearrangement of fusarium oxysporum retrotransposon skippy was induced by growth in the presence of potassium chlorate. three fungal strains, one sensitive to chlorate (co60) and two resistant to chlorate and deficient for nitrate reductase (co65 and co94), were studied by southern analysis of their genomic dna. polymorphism was detected in their hybridization banding pattern, relative to the wild type grown in the absence of chlorate, using various enzymes with or without restriction sites with ... | 1996 | 9003291 |
| the transposable element tan1 of aspergillus niger var. awamori, a new member of the fot1 family. | aspergillus niger var. awamori has transposable elements that we refer to as vader and tan1 (transposon a. niger). vader was identified by screening unstable nitrate reductase (niad) mutants for insertions. four of the isolated niad mutants were shown to contain a small insertion element. this 437 bp insertion element, vader, is flanked by 44 bp inverted repeats (ir) and is present in approximately 15 copies in the genomes of two a. niger strains examined. a synthetic 44 bp oligomer of the inver ... | 1996 | 9003286 |
| ests reveal a multigene family for plant defensins in arabidopsis thaliana. | plant defensins, formerly named gamma-thionins, are a group of small, cysteine-rich, basic, and antimicrobial plant proteins. random sequencing of expressed sequence tags (ests) in arabidopsis thaliana has revealed several different plant defensin genes in this plant species which can be grouped into two subfamilies. we have used one est of each subfamily to study the expression of the corresponding genes in a. thaliana. pdf2.3 is constitutively expressed in seedlings, rosettes, flowers, and sil ... | 1997 | 9001391 |
| purification and characterization of two low molecular mass alkaline xylanases from fusarium oxysporum f3. | two low molecular mass endo-1,4-beta-d-xylanases from fusarium oxysporum were purified to homogeneity by gel-filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. they exhibit molecular masses of 20.8 (xylanase i) and 23.5 (xylanase ii) kda, and isoelectric points of 9.5 and 8.45-8.70, respectively. both xylanases display remarkable ph (9.0) stability. at 40 to 55 degrees c xylanase ii is more thermostable than xylanase i but less active on xylan. in contrast to xylanase i, xylanase ii is able to hydrolyz ... | 1996 | 8987884 |
| chitinous component of the cell wall of fusarium oxysporum, its structure deduced from chitosanase digestion. | the cell of fusarium oxysporum was digested with commercial bacillus chitosanase. the chitosanase produced low molecular weight heterooligosaccharides consisting of glcn and glcnac from the cell wall. a main component of the digestion products was identified as 2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-d-glucopyranosyl- (1-->4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose. the chitosanase appeared to be more effective than streptomyces griseus chitinase for cell wall digestion. moreover, maltose was unexpectedly found in the ... | 1996 | 8987672 |
| ultraweak luminescence generated by sweet potato and fusarium oxysporum interactions associated with a defense response. | ultraweak luminescence generated by sweet potato and nonpathogenic fusarium oxysporum interactions associated with a defense response was detected by a photoncounting method using ultrahigh-sensitive photodetectors. the time-dependent intensity variation, the spectrum and the two-dimensional imaging of the ultraweak luminescence are indicative of the defense response of the sweet potato to f. oxysporum. the production of ipomeamarone as a phytoalexin means that f. oxysporum induced the defense r ... | 1996 | 8972637 |
| purification and characterization of an exo-polygalacturonase from the tomato vascular wilt pathogen fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. | an exo-polygalacturonase (ec 3.2.1.15) was purified to apparent homogeneity from cultures of fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici on synthetic medium supplemented with citrus pectin, using preparative isoelectric focusing. the enzyme, denominated pg2, had an apparent m(r) of 74000 da upon sds-page. the pi of the main pg2 isoform was 4.5, and ph and temperature optima were 5.0 and 55 degrees c, respectively. pg2 hydrolyzed polygalacturonic acid in an exo-manner, as demonstrated by anaysis of degr ... | 1996 | 8961570 |
| biodegradation of dimethylsilanediol in soils. | the biodegradation potential of [14c]dimethylsilanediol, the monomer unit of polydimethylsiloxane, in soils was investigated. dimethylsilanediol was found to be biodegraded in all of the tested soils, as monitored by the production of 14co2. when 2-propanol was added to the soil as a carbon source in addition to [14c]dimethylsilanediol, the production of 14co2 increased. a method for the selection of primary substrates that support cometabolic degradation of a target compound was developed. by t ... | 1996 | 8953708 |
| structure of the fusarium oxysporum endoglucanase i with a nonhydrolyzable substrate analogue: substrate distortion gives rise to the preferred axial orientation for the leaving group. | endoglucanase i (eg i) is a cellulase, from glycosyl hydrolase family 7, which cleaves the beta-1,4 linkages of cellulose with overall retention of configuration. the structure of the eg i from fusarium oxysproum, complexed to a nonhydrolyzable thiooligosaccharide substrate analogue, has been determined by x-ray crystallography at a resolution of 2.7 a utilizing the 4-fold noncrystallographic symmetry present in the asymmetric unit. the electron density map clearly reveals the presence of three ... | 1996 | 8952478 |
| isolation and characterization of two new type c fumonisins produced by fusarium oxysporum. | two new fumonisins, hydroxylated fumonisin c1 (1) and fumonisin c3 (3), were isolated from wheat cultures of fusarium oxysporum together with known fumonisin c1 (2) and c4 (4). compound 1 is structurally similar to 2 except for the presence of an additional hydroxy group at c-3. compound 3 is similar in structure to fumonisin b3 except that the c-1 terminal methyl group is missing. | 1996 | 8946739 |
| formation of tomatine in tomato plants infected with streptomyces species and treated with herbicides, correlated with reduction of pseudomonas solanacearum and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. | pretreatment of tomato seeds with pendimethalin or metribuzin and inoculation of seedlings with the antagonistic streptomyces corchorusii or/and streptomyces mutabilis were tested for the formation of tomatine in roots and stems of tomato, infested with pseudomonas solancearum or/and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. all treatments induced the formation of variable quantities of tomatine, compared with untreated control. the variation was proportional to: the pathogen, fusarium was more sti ... | 1995 | 8934667 |
| transposon-like sequences at the tox2 locus of the plant-pathogenic fungus cochliobolus carbonum. | the ascomycete fungus cochliobolus carbonum race 1 is pathogenic on certain genotypes of maize due to the production of hc-toxin, a host-specific cyclic peptide. hc-toxin production is controlled, at least in part, by a duplicated 22-kb region of dna that is found only in toxin-producing isolates of the fungus. this 22-kb region of dna is flanked by a repetitive element. we have sequenced the element and found an interrupted reading frame that would encode a product similar to transposases from ... | 1996 | 8918240 |
| influence of a subinhibitory dose of antifungal fatty acids from sporothrix flocculosa on cellular lipid composition in fungi. | antifungal fatty acids produced by the biocontrol fungus sporothrix flocculosa were studied on the basis of their effect on growth and cellular lipid composition of three fungi, cladosporium cucumerinum, fusarium oxysporum, and s. flocculosa, whose growth was decreased by 51, 33, and 5%, respectively, when exposed to 0.4 mg fatty acid per ml. the sensitivity to fatty acid antibiotics from s. flocculosa was related to a high degree of unsaturation of phospholipid fatty acids and a low proportion ... | 1996 | 8898307 |
| elevated plasma glycosaminoglycans in chickens with tibial dyschondroplasia induced by a fusarium oxysporum isolate. | chicken plasma glycosaminoglycans (gags) were isolated and digested. their building block molecules, namely, glucosamine and galactosamine, were quantified by gas chromatography. the levels of these two amino sugars were elevated in broiler chickens with tibial dyschondroplasia (td) induced by culture material of fusarium oxysporum (fo), a mold isolated from corn originated from the endemic region of kaschin-beck disease (kbd) in china. as the td severity score changed from 1 (healthy) to 2, 3, ... | 1996 | 8883805 |
| the gibberella fujikuroi niad gene encoding nitrate reductase: isolation, sequence, homologous transformation and electrophoretic karyotype location. | the gibberella fujikuroi niad gene, encoding nitrate reductase, has been isolated and used to develop an efficient homologous transformation system. a cosmid vector designated pgfniad was generated based on niad selection and shown to give comparable transformation efficiencies. using pgfniad, a genomic library was prepared and used for genetic transformations, giving frequencies of up to 200 transformants per microgram dna. of 15 transformants analysed by southern blots, six showed homologous i ... | 1996 | 8868428 |
| [isolation of protoplasts from vegetable tissues using extracellular lytic enzymes from fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis]. | fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis, a pathogen of melon (cucumis melo l.), was grown in shaken cultures at 26 degrees c in a mineral salts medium containing glucose, xylan and apple pectin as carbon sources. the extracellular enzymic complex obtained from these cultures showed lytic activity on plant tissues, causing maceration of melon fruits, potato tubers and carrot roots. protoplasts were isolated from melon fruits when the maceration was carried out under appropriate osmotic conditions. this ... | 1995 | 8850131 |
| cytochrome p450foxy, a catalytically self-sufficient fatty acid hydroxylase of the fungus fusarium oxysporum. | we have purified membrane-bound fatty acid (omega-1-omega-3) hydroxylase of the fungus fusarium oxysporum mt-811 and found that the activity depends on a single polypeptide with an apparent m(r) value of 118,000. the purified hydroxylase exhibited spectral characteristics of cytochrome p450 (p450), and could catalyze the hydroxylation without the aid of any other proteinaceous components, such as nadph-p450 reductase. these properties of the fungal hydroxylase are the same as those of bacterial ... | 1996 | 8830036 |
| production of fructosyl lysine oxidase from fusarium oxysporum s-1f4 on autoclave-browned medium. | in fusarium oxysporum s-1f4, fructosyl lysine oxidase (flod) was induced with n epsilon-fructosyl n alpha-z-lysine (epsilon-fl), which is a model compound of a glycated protein, and the induction was inhibited by the addition of cycloheximide in the growing cells. flod formation was greatly enhanced in an autoclave-browned medium containing glucose and l-lysine. some amadori compounds formed from glucose and l-lysine during autoclaving were assumed to induce the enzyme. after optimization of the ... | 1996 | 8824836 |
| a homologous and self-replicating system for efficient transformation of fusarium oxysporum. | a highly efficient transformation system has been developed for fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici based on the complementation of a nitrate-reductase mutant with the homologous nit1 gene and on the presence of ars and telomeric sequences in the vector. preliminary transformation experiments with the niad gene from aspergillus niger generated self-replicating plasmids within the transformed entity that contained extra-fungal dna. a fragment of the extra dna was inserted into puc19 together wi ... | 1996 | 8821667 |
| relationships among pathogenic and nonpathogenic isolates of fusarium oxysporum based on the partial sequence of the intergenic spacer region of the ribosomal dna. | using pcr, we amplified and sequenced approximately 1,000 bp of the 5' end of the intergenic spacer (igs) of the rdna in 15 isolates of fusarium oxysporum and one isolate of f. subglutinans. isolates were selected to represent diversity in our collection based on differences in pathogenic race, vegetative compatibility group (vcg), mitochondrial dna (mtdna) haplotype, igs haplotype, and dna fingerprint. the objective of this research was to clarify the origin of virulence within f. oxysporum, th ... | 1996 | 8820752 |
| purification and characterisation of a major xylanase with cellulase and transferase activities from fusarium oxysporum. | a major xylanase from fusarium oxysporum was purified to homogeneity by gel filtration, affinity, and ion-exchange chromatographies. it has a molecular mass of 60.2 kda and pi of 6.6 and was optimally active at ph 7.4 and at 50 degrees c. the enzyme was stable over the ph range 5.8-8.2 at 40 degrees c for 24 h and lost 45% of its original activity at ph 9.0 under the identical conditions. the enzyme rapidly hydrolysed xylans from oat spelts (husks) and birchwood, but the activities on carboxymet ... | 1996 | 8805776 |
| susceptibility of clinical isolates of fusarium to antifungal drugs. | the inhibitory activities of amphotericin b, fluconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, ketoconazole and terbinafine against nine isolates from clinically apparent infections of fusarium solani, four isolates of fusarium moniliforme and 10 isolates of fusarium oxysporum were determined with an agar diffusion method (neosensitabs) and an agar dilution method. the inhibition zones obtained with antifungal neosensitabs need very careful interpretation. we did not find a good correlation between the aga ... | 1996 | 8786755 |
| universal fungus-specific primer systems and group-specific hybridization oligonucleotides for 18s rdna. | we designed two primer systems that amplify a fragment of the gene coding for the small ribosomal subunit (18s rrna). a broadly reactive, yet fungus-specific, primer cocktail comprises two previously published primers, tr1 and tr2, which specifically amplify dermatophytes, and two newly designed primers, ca1 and af2, which specifically amplify candida and aspergillus respectively. this primer cocktail amplifies a dna fragment of approximately 578 basepairs (bp) in length (from position 838 to 14 ... | 1996 | 8786753 |
| systemic resistance in arabidopsis induced by biocontrol bacteria is independent of salicylic acid accumulation and pathogenesis-related gene expression. | systemic acquired resistance is a pathogen-inducible defense mechanism in plants. the resistant state is dependent on endogenous accumulation of salicylic acid (sa) and is characterized by the activation of genes encoding pathogenesis-related (pr) proteins. recently, selected nonpathogenic, root-colonizing biocontrol bacteria have been shown to trigger a systemic resistance response as well. to study the molecular basis underlying this type of systemic resistance, we developed an arabidopsis-bas ... | 1996 | 8776893 |
| a general monte carlo method for mapping multiple quantitative trait loci. | in this paper we address the mapping of multiple quantitative trait loci (qtls) in line crosses for which the genetic data are highly incomplete. such complicated situations occur, for instance, when dominant markers are used or when unequally informative markers are used in experiments with outbred populations. we describe a general and flexible monte carlo expectation-maximization (monte carlo em) algorithm for fitting multiple-qtl models to such data. implementation of this algorithm is strai ... | 1996 | 8770607 |
| kinetic mechanism and substrate specificity of nitroalkane oxidase. | nitroalkane oxidase from fusarium oxysporum catalyzes the oxidation of nitroalkanes to aldehydes, transferring the electrons to oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide. the steady-state kinetic patterns have been determined with nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, and 1-nitropentane as substrates. in all three cases, the data fit best to a ping pong kinetic mechanism. the ph dependences of the v/k values for 1-nitropentane and phenylnitromethane show that an amino acid residue on the enzyme with a pka-value o ... | 1996 | 8769086 |
| port-a-cath-related fusarium oxysporum infection in an hiv-infected patient: treatment with liposomal amphotericin b. | the first case of port-a-cath-related disseminated fusariosis in an hiv-infected patient is presented. antifungal treatment with liposomal amphotericin b (ambisome) in a dose of 2 mg kg-1 day-1 for 14 days was successful. | 1996 | 8767004 |
| [fusarium onychomycosis]. | introduction: a 69-year-old man with an uneventful past history consulted for a proximal subungueal leukonychia and associated paronychia of the right greater toe. macroscopic examination and culture lead to the diagnosis of fusarium oxysporum. local treatment with bifonazol and cyclopirox was effective. discussion: fungal onychomycoses are uncommon and usually present as superficial leukonychia. the association of a proximal localization with paronychia would suggest possible fusarium infection ... | 1996 | 8761783 |
| the magnaporthe grisea dna fingerprinting probe mgr586 contains the 3' end of an inverted repeat transposon. | the magnaporthe grisea repeat (mgr) sequence mgr586 has been widely used for population studies of the rice blast fungus, and has enabled classification of the fungal population into hundreds of genetic lineages. while studying the distribution of mgr586 sequences in strains of m. grisea, we discovered that the plasmid probe pcb586 contains a significant amount of single-copy dna. to define precisely the boundary of the repetitive dna in pcb586, this plasmid and four cosmid clones containing mgr ... | 1996 | 8757398 |
| novel osmotically induced antifungal chitinases and bacterial expression of an active recombinant isoform. | nacl (428 mm)-adapted tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l. var wisconsin 38) cells accumulate and secrete several antifungal chitinases. the predominant protein secreted to the culture medium was a 29-kd peptide that, based on internal amino acid sequence, was determined to be a class ii acidic chitinase with similarity to pr-q. the four predominant chitinases (t1, t2, t3, and t4) that accumulated intracellularly in 428 mm nacl-adapted cells were purified. based on n-terminal sequence analyses, two of ... | 1996 | 8756502 |
| overwhelming myocarditis due to fusarium oxysporum following bone marrow transplantation. | disseminated infection by fusarium is being increasingly reported in immunocompromised patients. we report the first case of fusarium oxysporum disseminated infection with well-documented fungal myocarditis. despite antifungal therapy and hematologic recovery, the patient died in cardiogenic shock, myocardial involvement clearly contributing to the fatal outcome. | 1995 | 8685650 |
| denitrification, a novel type of respiratory metabolism in fungal mitochondrion. | subcellular localization and coupling to atp synthesis were investigated with respect to the denitrifying systems of two fungi, fusarium oxysporum and cylindrocarpon tonkinense. dissimilatory nitrate reductase of f. oxysporum or nitrite reductase of c. tonkinense could be detected in the mitochondrial fraction prepared from denitrifying cells of each fungus. fluorescence immunolocalization, cofractionation with mitochondrial marker enzymes, and cytochromes provided evidence that the denitrifying ... | 1996 | 8663075 |
| characterization of the aspergillus parasiticus niad and niia gene cluster. | the nitrate reductase gene (niad) and nitrite reductase gene (niia) of aspergillus parasiticus are clustered and are divergently transcribed from a 1.6-kb intergenic region (niad-niia). the deduced aminoacid sequence of the a. parasiticus nitrate reductase demonstrated a high degree of homology to those of other aspergillus species, as well as to leptosphaeria maculans, fusarium oxysporum, gibberella fujikuroi and neurospora crassa, particularly in the cofactor-binding domains for molybdenum, he ... | 1996 | 8662212 |
| dna polymorphism among fusarium oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis populations from oil palm, using a repeated and dispersed sequence "palm". | a worldwide collection, of 76 f. oxysporum f.sp. elaeidis isolates (foe), and of 21 f. oxysporum isolates from the soil of several palm grove was analysed by rflp. as a probe, we used a random dna fragment (probe 46) from a genomic library of a foe isolate. this probe contains two different types of sequence, one being repeated and dispersed in the genome "palm", the other being a single-copy sequence. all f. oxysporum isolates from the palm-grove soils were non-pathogenic to oil palm. they all ... | 1996 | 8660464 |
| multiple forms of endo-1,4-beta-d-glucanase in the extracellular cellulase system of fusarium oxysporum. | 1995 | 8654771 | |
| sensitivity of fungi to nikkomycin z. | nikkomycin z inhibited colony radial extension (kr) and hyphal density in geotrichum candidum, trichoderma koningii, mucor plumbeus, and fusarium oxysporum, although the level of inhibition varied with the fungal species and was influenced by the concentration of nutrients in the culture medium. while g. candidum and m. plumbeus were sensitive to the inhibitory effects of nikkomycin z, t. koningii and f. oxysporum were relatively tolerant of concentrations of the antibiotic up to 100 mumol. nikk ... | 1996 | 8634944 |
| purification and characterization of tomatinase from fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. | the antifungal compound alpha-tomatine, present in tomato plants, has been reported to provide a preformed chemical barrier against phytopathogenic fungi. fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, a tomato pathogen, produces an extracellular enzyme inducible by alpha-tomatine. this enzyme, known as tomatinase, catalyzes the hydrolysis of alpha-tomatine into its nonfungitoxic forms, tomatidine and beta-lycotetraose. the maximal tomatinase activity in the fungal culture medium was observed after 48 h ... | 1996 | 8633858 |
| fusaricidin a, a new depsipeptide antibiotic produced by bacillus polymyxa kt-8. taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, structure elucidation and biological activity. | fusaricidin a, a new depsipeptide antibiotic, was isolated from the culture broth of bacillus polymyxa kt-8 obtained from the rhizosphere of garlic suffering from the basal rot caused by fusarium oxysporum. the structure of fusaricidin a was determined by 1d and 2d nmr and ms experiments coupled with amino acid analysis to be a hexadepsipeptide containing 15-guanidino-3-hydroxypentadecanoic acid as a side chain. the absolute configuration of each amino acid residue was determined by chiral hplc. ... | 1996 | 8621351 |
| genetic duplication in fusarium oxysporum. | genomic clones hybridizing to anonymous, single-copy sequences were used to probe chromosome-sized dnas of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. as expected, most clones hybridized to single chromosome bands. however, two of eight "single-copy" clones hybridized to two chromosomes in some, but not all, of 14 isolates examined. this observation suggests a degree of genetic duplication in the fungus and is consistent with recent electrophoretic karyotype ... | 1995 | 8590469 |
| cell wall synthesis in cotton roots after infection with fusarium oxysporum. the deposition of callose, arabinogalactans, xyloglucans, and pectic components into walls, wall appositions, cell plates and plasmodesmata. | fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum penetration hyphae infect living cells in the meristematic zone of cotton (gossypium barbadense l.) roots. we characterized wall modifications induced by the fungus during infection of the protodermis using antibodies against callose, arabinogalactan-proteins, xyloglucan, pectin, polygalacturonic acid and rhamnogalacturonan i in high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted root tissue. using quantitative immunogold labelling we compared the cell walls before and ... | 1995 | 8580765 |
| skippy, a retrotransposon from the fungal plant pathogen fusarium oxysporum. | a retrotransposon from the fungal plant pathogen fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici has been isolated and characterized. the element, designated skippy (skp) is 7846 bp in length, flanked by identical long terminal repeats (ltr) of 429 bp showing structural features characteristic of retroviral and retrotransposon ltrs. target-site duplications of 5 bp were found. two long overlapping open reading frames (orf) were identified. the first orf, 2562 bp in length, shows homology to retroviral gag ... | 1995 | 8544829 |
| an exoantigen test for the rapid identification of medically significant fusarium species. | the accurate identification of fusarium species can take 2-3 weeks. preliminary exoantigen studies indicate that a mature culture suspected of being a fusarium species may be immunologically identified 48 h after receipt. exoantigen extracts of 10-day-old slant cultures of fusarium chlamydosporum, fusarium moniliforme (= fusarium verticilloides), fusarium oxysporum, fusarium proliferatum and fusarium solani and partially purified reference homologous and heterologous shake culture extracts (6-we ... | 1995 | 8544080 |
| comparative study of two trehalase activities from fusarium oxysporum var. lini. | acid and neutral trehalase activities (optimum ph of 4.6 and 6.8, respectively) from fusarium oxysporum var. lini were studied separately through partial isolation by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by ion-exchange chromatography on deae-sephacel for neutral enzyme, or using some of their differential properties. acid activity was unaffected by 1 mm of ca2+, mg2+, mn2+, ba2+, or edta. contrarily, the neutral enzyme was activated by ca2+ with an apparent ka of 0.15 mm; was inhibited by ed ... | 1995 | 8542549 |
| cloning and characterisation of a gene encoding a cuticle-degrading protease from the insect pathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae. | metarhizium anisophilae (ma) secretes a range of proteases when grown in vitro on insect cuticle. a trypsin-like serine protease, pr2, was purified from culture filtrates by anion exchange chromatography and the n-terminal sequence determined. using oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes based on this sequence and that of the highly conserved trypsin active site, a gene was isolated from a lambda embl3 genomic library of ma isolate me1. sequencing of the gene and rt-pcr revealed that the gene contains ... | 1995 | 8529882 |
| purification and properties of two fibrinolytic enzymes from fusarium oxysporum n.r.c.1. | the crude fibrinolytic enzyme preparation from fusarium oxysporum n.r.c.1 was purified into two enzymes by ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by chromatography on sephadex g-100 and deae-cellulose. both fibrinolytic enzymes were more active on human than on bovine fibrin. the activity of the "major" enzyme component on human fibrin was 72-fold that of the "minor" enzyme component. both enzymes had the same temperature (37 degrees c) and ph (6.98) optima. the "minor" enzyme component was mo ... | 1993 | 8480453 |
| production and some properties of fibrinolytic enzymes from fusarium oxysporum n.r.c.1. | a mixture of yeast extract and peptone in the culture medium was the most favourable for the production of active fibrinolytic enzyme by fusarium oxysporum n.r.c.1. potassium dihydrogen phosphate had stimulating effect, while glucose, sucrose, lactose, ribose and soluble starch had adverse effect on enzyme productivity. the optimum of the fibrinolytic enzyme activity was at ph 7.0. | 1993 | 8480452 |
| a colorimetric assay for penicillin-v amidase. | the hydrolysis of penicillin-v to phenoxyacetic acid and 6-aminopenicillanic acid by the fungal enzyme penicillin-v amidase is of industrial importance since the 6-aminopenicillanic acid produced is an intermediate for semisynthetic penicillins. a rapid colorimetric assay of penicillin-v amidase was developed which uses 2-nitro-5-(phenoxyacetamido)-benzoic acid as a substrate. the released chromophore, 2-amino-5-nitrobenzoic acid, was detected at 405 nm. using penicillin-v amidase from the fungu ... | 1993 | 8470805 |
| cytochrome p-450 55a1 (p-450dnir) acts as nitric oxide reductase employing nadh as the direct electron donor. | cytochrome p-450dnir (p-450dnir), involved in the fungal denitrification by fusarium oxysporum, was purified to homogeneity. the cytochrome p-450 (p-450) exhibited a potent nitric oxide (no) reductase activity to form nitrous oxide (n2o) employing nadh but not nadph as the sole effective electron donor. the apparent maximum turnover rate against no was estimated as high as 31,500 min-1. the stoichiometry of the reaction between no:nadh:n2o was 2:1:1. the reaction required neither an artificial e ... | 1993 | 8463342 |
| new cause for false-positive results with the pastorex aspergillus antigen latex agglutination test. | the pastorex aspergillus antigen test for detection of aspergillus galactomannan antigen in the sera of patients with invasive aspergillosis is used in many clinical laboratories. a serum sample contaminated with penicillium chrysogenum gave a strongly positive reaction (1:128) which was heat stable, was not eliminated by pronase treatment, and was not detected by a normal rabbit globulin control. this observation was shown to be due to cross-reactions of the monoclonal antibody eb-a2 used by th ... | 1993 | 8408572 |
| the nia gene of fusarium oxysporum: isolation, sequence and development of a homologous transformation system. | the fusarium oxysporum gene nia, encoding nitrate reductase (nr), was isolated from a cosmid library by direct complementation of an f. oxysporum nia- mutant. the gene specifies a protein of 905 amino acids and contains a 57-bp intron. comparison of the deduced aa sequence with nr of other fungi revealed a high degree of similarity and conservation in the intron position. the cloned nia made it possible to develop the first homologous transformation system for this fungus. transformation frequen ... | 1993 | 8370541 |
| synthesis and fungitoxicity of some pyrimidine derivatives. | a series of 12 pyrimidine derivatives were prepared and tested in vitro against growth, sporulation and nucleic acid content of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and helminthosporium oryzae. introduction of a thiazole ring together with two aryl groups into 2-aminopyrimidine brought about drastic toxicity for both fungi. pyrimidine derivatives with aryl groups alone were less toxic. nitro groups were found to enhance the toxicity of the pyrimidine derivatives especially when substituted in t ... | 1993 | 8365695 |
| synthesis and antifungal activity of medicagenic acid saponins on plant pathogens: modification of the saccharide moiety and the 23 alpha substitution. | the study of structure-antifungal activity relationships of medicagenic acid saponins was widened to include synthetic glycosides of mannose, galactose, cellobiose, and lactose as well as a 23 alpha-hydroxymethyl analog of medicagenic acid, namely, methyl 2 beta,3 beta-dihydroxy-23 alpha-hydroxymethyl-delta (12)-oleanene-28 beta-carboxylate, against sclerotium rolfsii, rhizoctonia solani, trichoderma viride, aspergillus niger, and fusarium oxysporum. the native glucose-containing saponin was a m ... | 1993 | 8339299 |
| the sequence and x-ray structure of the trypsin from fusarium oxysporum. | the trypsin from fusarium oxysporum is equally homologous to trypsins from streptomyces griseus, streptomyces erythraeus and to bovine trypsin. a dfp (diisopropylfluorophosphate) inhibited form of the enzyme has been crystallized from 1.4 m na2so4, buffered with citrate at ph 5.0-5.5. the crystals belong to space group p2(1) with cell parameters a = 33.43 a, b = 67.65 a, c = 39.85 a and beta = 107.6 degrees. there is one protein molecule in the asymmetric unit. x-ray diffraction data to a resolu ... | 1993 | 8332590 |
| the gus gene fusion system (escherichia coli beta-d-glucuronidase gene), a useful tool in studies of root colonization by fusarium oxysporum. | the plant-pathogenic fungus fusarium oxysporum was successfully transformed with the beta-d-glucuronidase gene from escherichia coli (gusa) (gus system) in combination with the gene for nitrate reductase (niad) as the selectable marker. the frequency of cotransformation, as determined by gus expression on plates containing medium supplemented with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl glucuronide (gus+), was very high (up to 75%). southern hybridization analyses of gus+ transformants revealed that single o ... | 1993 | 8328800 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of nitric oxide reductase cytochrome p450nor from fusarium oxysporum. | crystals of cytochrome p450nor (p450nor), nitric oxide reductase from fusarium oxysporum, were obtained by means of the hanging-drop vapour diffusion technique in the presence of 1.88 m ammonium sulphate (ph 7.2). they belong to the monoclinic space group p2(1), with unit cell dimensions of a = 74.7 a, b = 86.7 a, c = 62.0 a and beta = 97 degrees. there are two molecules of p450nor in the asymmetric unit. the crystal diffracted to beyond 2.5 a resolution and is suitable for x-ray crystallographi ... | 1994 | 8196045 |
| evolutionary divergence and conservation of trypsin. | the trypsin sequences currently available in the data banks have been collected and aligned using first the amino acid sequence homology and, subsequently, the superposed crystal structures of trypsins from the cow, the bacterium streptomyces griseus and the fungus fusarium oxysporum. the phylogenetic tree constructed according to this multiple alignment is consistent with a continuous evolutionary divergence of trypsin from a common ancestor of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. comparison of cry ... | 1994 | 8140095 |
| molds in onychomycosis. | onychomycosis is a major cause of nail dystrophy. the causative organisms in onychomycosis are dermatophytes, candida and molds. a variety of molds have been isolated from nails. | 1993 | 8125689 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of a bacterial cytochrome p-450vd25 gene encoding vitamin d-3 25-hydroxylase. | the gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation at position 25 of vitamin d-3 was cloned from an actinomycete strain, amycolata autotrophica, by use of a host-vector system of streptomyces lividans. the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence revealed that this enzyme, tentatively named p-450vd25, contains several regions of strong similarity with amino acid sequences of cytochromes p-450 from a variety of organisms, primarily in the regions of an oxygen-binding sit ... | 1994 | 8086461 |
| characterization of the formae speciales of fusarium oxysporum causing wilts of cucurbits by dna fingerprinting with nuclear repetitive dna sequences. | the genetic relatedness of five formae speciales of fusarium oxysporum causing wilts of cucurbit plants was determined by dna fingerprinting with the moderately repetitive dna sequences folr1 to folr4. the four folr clones were chosen from a genomic library made from f. oxysporum f. sp. lagenariae 03-05118. total dnas from 50 strains representing five cucurbit-infecting formae speciales, cucumerinum, melonis, lagenariae, niveum, and momordicae, and 6 strains of formae speciales pathogenic to oth ... | 1994 | 8085813 |
| in vitro sensitivity of medically significant fusarium species to various antimycotics. | sixteen isolates belonging to fusarium chlamydosporum (n = 4), fusarium equiseti (n = 1), fusarium moniliforme (n = 2), fusarium oxysporum (n = 3), fusarium proliferatum (n = 1), and fusarium solani (n = 5) were tested against amphotericin b, 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, jai-amphotericin b (water-soluble compound), hamycin and amphotericin b combined with 5-fluorocytosine, using antibiotic medium m3, high-resolution broth (ph 7.1), sabouraud's dextrose, and yeast-ni ... | 1994 | 8082411 |
| mechanism of resistance to the antibiotic trichothecin in the producing fungi. | trichothecium roseum, an imperfecti fungus producer of the translation inhibitor trichothecin, is constitutively resistant to its product. fusarium oxysporum, a fungi not described as a toxin producer, is sensitive to trichothecin but becomes resistant when grown in the presence of the drug. in both cases, the resistance occurs at the level of the ribosomes. in cell-free polypeptide polymerization systems, trichothecin resistance is associated with the presence of 60s subunits from the resistant ... | 1994 | 8055913 |
| antifungal properties of lectin and new chitinases from potato tubers. | we have purified from potato tubers, the lectin sta devoid of chitinase activity and two chitinases devoid of lectin activity. both enzymes are 16 kda glycoproteins, and probably belong to a new family of plant chitinases. the respective antifungal properties of lectin and chitinases were studied by following their effects against early developmental stages of fusarium oxysporum, a fungal potato pathogen. here we demonstrate that: (1) lectin does not inhibit mycelial growth but irreversibly inhi ... | 1993 | 8044703 |
| kinetics and thermodynamics of co binding to cytochrome p450nor. | the co-binding reaction of cytochrome p450nor isolated from denitrifying fungus, fusarium oxysporum, has been studied by using a flash photolysis method in the millisecond time domain. we obtained the co on- and off-rate constants in the bimolecular reaction, and determined the activation free energy, enthalpy, and entropy from the temperature dependence of these rate constants. to discuss the structural characteristics of p450nor, these parameters were compared with those of other cytochrome p4 ... | 1994 | 8038156 |
| fatty acid hydroxylase of the fungus fusarium oxysporum is possibly a fused protein of cytochrome p-450 and its reductase. | fatty acid subterminal (omega-1 approximately omega-3) hydroxylase of the fungus fusarium oxysporum was solubilized from the microsomal fraction and partially purified. the hydroxylase activity was recovered into a single active fraction, and its spectral nature showed the presence of cytochrome p-450 (p-450). fatty acid hydroxylase activity was markedly restored upon addition of fad, fmn, and/or hemin to the eluted fraction. the fraction also exhibited other properties characteristic of both a ... | 1994 | 8037765 |
| purification and characterization of an extracellular endo-1,4-beta-xylanase from fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis. | fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis produces extracellular endo-1,4-beta-xylanase and beta-xylosidase when grown in shaken culture at 26 degrees c in a mineral salts medium containing oat spelt xylan and glucose as carbon sources. endo-1,4-beta-xylanase was purified 251 times from 5-day-old culture filtrates, by sephacryl s-200, ion exchange and gel filtration hplc. the purified sample yielded a single band in sds polyacrylamide gels with a molecular mass of 80 kda on electrophoretic mobility and ... | 1994 | 8020753 |
| the changing spectrum of fungal keratitis in south florida. | to review the clinical experience with fungal keratitis in south florida over a 10-year period. | 1994 | 8008340 |
| hm17, a new polyene antifungal antibiotic produced by a new strain of spirillospora. | an antifungal antibiotic (hm17) was obtained from a new isolate classified to the genus spirillospora on the basis of its chemical and morphological properties. on solid media this antibiotic strongly inhibited the growth of strains of fusarium oxysporum formae speciales albedinis, botrytis cinerea, gaeumaniomyces graminis and several other fungi known to be plant and human pathogens. antifungal activity in culture collection strains of spirillospora has not so far been reported. the u.v. absorp ... | 1994 | 8002474 |
| molecular characterization of races and vegetative compatibility groups in fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum. | restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) and vegetative compatibility analyses were undertaken to assess genetic relationships among 52 isolates of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum of worldwide origin and representing race a, 3, or 4 on cotton plants. ten distinct vegetative compatibility groups (vcgs) were obtained, and isolates belonging to distinct races were never in the same vcg. race a isolates were separated into eight vcgs, whereas isolates of race 3 were classified into a si ... | 1994 | 7993090 |
| effects of the antimycotic molecule iturin a2, secreted by bacillus subtilis strain m51, on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | a new system, devised for the study of early stages of arbuscular mycorrhizal infection, was used to test the effect of the biological control agent iturin a2, secreted by the strain m51 of bacillus subtilis, on the development of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. the saprophytic growth of the fungus glomus mosseae was inhibited by iturin a2 concentrations higher than 100 micrograms/g of sand; whereas, in the presence of the tomato host plant, both, pre-infection events and intraradical growth were ... | 1994 | 7987612 |
| survey of mycotic and bacterial keratitis in sri lanka. | over a two-year period (1976-1977 and 1980-1981), 66 cases of bacterial and mycotic cases of keratitis were diagnosed in the eye clinic of the general hospital in kandy, sri lanka. the clinical and microbiologic aspects of these cases are described. noteworthy was the first known human case caused by paecilomyces farinosus, a geophilic species, commonly encountered as an insect parasite throughout the world. the bacterial and the other fungal etiologic agents isolated and identified were: pseudo ... | 1994 | 7984216 |
| fungal metabolite extracts active against phytopathogens. | the effectiveness of some genetically engineered microorganisms in the control of plant disease pathogens is widely acknowledged. these biopesticides, so far, pose less danger to the environment. however, little attention has been paid to the potential benefit of the use of exometabolites of some microorganisms in spite of their known activity and high biodegradability. a total of 1108 fungal metabolite extracts obtained from different strains of micromycetes cultured in two different liquid med ... | 1994 | 7973617 |
| the use of conserved cellulase family-specific sequences to clone cellulase homologue cdnas from fusarium oxysporum. | five cdnas from the cellulolytic fungi fusarium oxysporum that code for five distinct cellulase homologues have been cloned and sequenced. the cloning strategy exploited the hydrophobic cluster analysis-based cellulase family classification of henrissat and bairoch [biochem. j. 293 (1993) 781-788] to design degenerate oligodeoxyribonucleotides (oligos) that encoded amino-acid sequences conserved in an intra-family, but not inter-family, manner among cellulases from different species. polymerase ... | 1994 | 7959045 |
| 4-methyl-7,11-heptadecadienal and 4-methyl-7,11-heptadecadienoic acid: new antibiotics from sporothrix flocculosa and sporothrix rugulosa. | 4-methyl-7,11-heptadecadienal [1] and 4-methyl-7,11-heptadecadienoic acid [2] were isolated as new compounds from liquid cultures of sporothrix flocculosa and sporothrix rugulosa. compounds 1 and 2 inhibited the growth of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycospersici, trichoderma viride, and bacillus subtilis. | 1994 | 7931361 |
| purification and characterisation of an extracellular beta-glucosidase with transglycosylation and exo-glucosidase activities from fusarium oxysporum. | an extracellular beta-glucosidase from fusarium oxysporum was purified to homogeneity by gel-filtration and ion-exchange chromatographies. the enzyme, a monomeric protein of 110 kda, was maximally active at ph 5.0-6.0 and at 60 degrees c. it hydrolysed 1-->4-linked aryl-beta-glucosides and 1-->4-linked, 1-->3-linked and 1-->6-linked beta-glucosides. the apparent km and kcat values for p-nitrophenyl beta-d-glucopyranoside (4-npglcp) and cellobiose were 0.093 (km), 1.07 mm (kcat) and 1802 (km), 46 ... | 1994 | 7925351 |
| the copper-containing dissimilatory nitrite reductase involved in the denitrifying system of the fungus fusarium oxysporum. | a copper-containing nitrite reductase (cu-nir) was purified to homogeneity from the denitrifying fungus fusarium oxysporum. the enzyme seemed to consist of two subunits with almost the same m(r) value of 41,800 and contains two atoms of copper per subunit. the electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum showed that both type 1 and type 2 copper centers are present in the protein, whereas the visible absorption spectrum exhibited a sole and strong absorption maximum at 595 nm, causing a blue but not ... | 1995 | 7876166 |
| characterization of antagonist and pathogenic fusarium oxysporum isolates by random amplification of polymorphic dna. | 1994 | 7866876 | |
| purification and characterization of a less randomly acting endo-1,4-beta-d-glucanase from the culture filtrates of fusarium oxysporum. | an extracellular endo-1,4-beta-d-glucanase from fusarium oxysporum was purified by affinity chromatography and gel filtration. the enzyme purified in this way was homogeneous when judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the protein corresponded to a molecular mass and pi value of 41.7 kda and 6.4, respectively. it was optimally active at ph 4.5 and at 55 degrees c. the enzyme hydrolyzed carboxymethylcellulos ... | 1995 | 7840647 |
| spectroscopic and kinetic studies on reaction of cytochrome p450nor with nitric oxide. implication for its nitric oxide reduction mechanism. | cytochrome p450 purified from fusarium oxysporum (p450nor) is a unique heme enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of nitric oxide to nitrous oxide with electrons directly transferred from nadh (2no + nadh + h+--> n2o + h2o + nad+). we studied the reaction of p450nor with no and nadh using stopped-flow rapid scan and low temperature spectroscopic methods. the no ligand can bind to the ferric enzyme to form the stable no bound complex, p450nor(fe3+no). reduction of p450nor(fe3+no) with nadh yielded ... | 1995 | 7829493 |
| the transposable element impala, a fungal member of the tc1-mariner superfamily. | a new transposable element has been isolated from an unstable niad mutant of the fungus fusarium oxysporum. this element, called impala, is 1280 nucleotides long and has inverted repeats of 27 bp. impala inserts into a ta site and leaves behind a "foot-print" when it excises. the inserted element, impala-160, is cis-active, but is probably trans-defective owing to several stop codons and frameshifts. similarities exist between the inverted repeats of impala and those of transposons belonging to ... | 1995 | 7823909 |