| endophytic fungi from pigeon pea [cajanus cajan (l.) millsp.] produce antioxidant cajaninstilbene acid. | in this study, novel endophytic fungi producing cajaninstilbene acid (csa) from pigeon pea [ cajanus cajan (l.) millsp.] were investigated and screened. csa has prominent pharmacological activities. a total of 110 endophytic fungi isolates were grouped into 8 genera on the basis of morphological characteristics, and csa-producing fungi were screened by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). according to its-rdna sequences analysis, the csa-producing fungi were identified as f ... | 2012 | 22494407 |
| fungi associated with the southern eurasian orchid spiranthes spiralis (l.) chevall. | the hitherto unknown relationships between the european orchid spiranthes spiralis (l.) chevall and its internally associated fungi were explored by a combined approach involving microscopy-based investigations at a morpho-histological level as well as by molecular analyses of the identity of the eukaryotic endophytes present in the root tissue of the plant. we found that this orchid which is currently reported to have a vulnerable status in northern italy, can host and interact with at least ni ... | 2012 | 22483052 |
| pcr-rapd profiling of fusarium spp. causing guava wilt disease in india. | wilt is a serious disease of the guava crop in india. fusarium oxysporum f. sp. psidii and f. solani have been reported as causative agents of this disease. in this study, 42 isolates each of f. oxysporum f. sp. psidii and f. solani, were isolated from guava cultivars and characterized by randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) method. thirty rapd primers were tested in the genome of fusarium spp. and the number of scorable bands for corresponding primer ranged from 1-8 with an average of 5 ba ... | 2012 | 22428893 |
| exploiting the inter-strain divergence of fusarium oxysporum for microbial bioprocessing of lignocellulose to bioethanol. | microbial bioprocessing of lignocellulose to bioethanol still poses challenges in terms of substrate catabolism. a targeted evolution-based study was undertaken to determine if inter-strain microbial variability could be exploited for bioprocessing of lignocellulose to bioethanol. the microorganism studied was fusarium oxysporum because of its capacity to both saccharify and ferment lignocellulose. strains of f. oxysporum were isolated and assessed for their genetic variability. using optimised ... | 2012 | 22420408 |
| tomato immune receptor ve1 recognizes effector of multiple fungal pathogens uncovered by genome and rna sequencing. | fungal plant pathogens secrete effector molecules to establish disease on their hosts, and plants in turn use immune receptors to try to intercept these effectors. the tomato immune receptor ve1 governs resistance to race 1 strains of the soil-borne vascular wilt fungi verticillium dahliae and verticillium albo-atrum, but the corresponding verticillium effector remained unknown thus far. by high-throughput population genome sequencing, a single 50-kb sequence stretch was identified that only occ ... | 2012 | 22416119 |
| in situ carica papaya stem matrix and fusarium oxysporum (ncbt-156) mediated bioremediation of chromium. | removal of heavy metal chromium was carried out using the fungus fusarium oxysporum ncbt-156 strain isolated from soil of leather tanning effluent in in situ condition using potassium dichromate solution with 10 per cent czapek-dox liquid medium. biosorbent matrix was developed using carica papaya plant dry stem to colonize the fungal strain to facilitate bioabsorption process. bioabsorption of chromium was by metabolically mediated intracellular accumulation process. maximum efficiency of chrom ... | 2011 | 22403866 |
| genetic variation of fusarium oxysporum isolates forming fumonisin b(1) and moniliformin. | thirty single-spore isolates of a toxigenic fungus, fusarium oxysporum, were isolated from asparagus spears and identified by species-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef) sequence analysis. in the examined sets of f. oxysporum isolates, the dna sequences of mating type genes (mat) were identified. the distribution of mat idiomorph may suggest that mat1-2 is a predominant mating type in the f. oxysporum population. f. oxysporum is mainly recognised ... | 2012 | 22367665 |
| a bacterial-fungal metaproteomic analysis enlightens an intriguing multicomponent interaction in the rhizosphere of lactuca sativa. | fusarium oxysporum msa 35 [wild-type (wt) strain] is an antagonistic isolate that protects plants against pathogenic fusaria. this strain lives in association with ectosymbiotic bacteria. when cured of the prokaryotic symbionts [cured (cu) form], the fungus is pathogenic, causing wilt symptoms similar to those of f. oxysporum f.sp. lactucae. the aim of this study was to understand if and how the host plant lactuca sativa contributes to the expression of the antagonistic/pathogenic behaviors of m ... | 2012 | 22360353 |
| characterization of an antifungal compound produced by bacillus sp. strain a(5) f that inhibits sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | a potential antagonist, bacillus sp. strain a(5) f was isolated from soybean rhizosphere following in vitro dual plate screening. the bacterium displayed strong inhibitory activity in vitro against soybean stem rot pathogen, sclerotinia sclerotiorum. the culture supernatant of strain a(5) f completely suppressed the mycelial growth of the pathogen, indicating that suppression was due to the presence of antifungal compounds in the culture filtrate. the culture filtrate also suppressed other phyto ... | 2012 | 22359152 |
| biological impact of divergent land management practices on tomato crop health. | development of sustainable food systems is contingent upon the adoption of land management practices that can mitigate damage from soilborne pests. five diverse land management practices were studied for their impacts on fusarium wilt (fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici), galling of roots by meloidogyne spp. and marketable yield of tomato (solanum lycopersicum) and to identify associations between the severity of pest damage and the corresponding soil microbial community structure. the incide ... | 2012 | 22352308 |
| comparison of the spores of paenibacillus polymyxa prepared at different temperatures. | paenibacillus polymyxa sqr-21, which is antagonistic against fusarium oxysporum, is used as a biocontrol agent and, when mixed with organic substances for solid fermentation, produces a bioorganic fertilizer. the spores of p. polymyxa prepared at different temperatures were characterized with respect to the dipicolinic acid content, heat resistance, fatty acid composition and germination. spores prepared at 37°c showed higher heat resistance than those prepared at 25 and 30°c. however, the germi ... | 2012 | 22294453 |
| high levels of diversity in fusarium oxysporum from non-cultivated ecosystems in australia. | the fusarium oxysporum species complex (fosc) is a ubiquitous ascomycetous group that includes both pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains, the former being responsible for disease in over 100 cultivated plant species. previous phylogenetic studies have uncovered at least four major clades within the fosc, with clade 1 hypothesised as being ancestral. however, the origin of these clades and pathogenic strains is poorly understood. due to an emphasis on agricultural isolates in previous studies, t ... | 2012 | 22289774 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa strain wi-1 from mandovi estuary possesses metallothionein to alleviate lead toxicity and promotes plant growth. | a bacterial isolate from mandovi estuary goa, india, which can resist 0.6mm lead nitrate in tris-buffered minimal medium was identified as pseudomonas aeruginosa and designated as strain wi-1. pcr amplification clearly revealed presence of bmta gene encoding bacterial metallothionein responsible for metal sequestration and aas analysis proved intracellular bioaccumulation of 26.5mg lead/gram dry weight of cells. sds-page analysis confirmed lead induced bacterial metallothionein with molecular we ... | 2012 | 22284824 |
| the antagonism activity of bacteria isolated from potato cultivated soil. | soil-borne fungal and bacterial root pathogens can cause serious losses to agricultural crops. resistant plant varieties are not available for several soil-borne pathogens and chemical control is often insufficiently effective in soil. the enhancement of disease suppressive properties of soils will limit disease development, thus, being of great importance for sustainable agriculture as well as organic farming systems. the aim of this research is to find and identify suppressive soils in the sét ... | 2012 | 23878982 |
| fungal endophytes from three cultivars of panax ginseng meyer cultivated in korea. | in order to investigate the diversity of endophytes, fungal endophytes in panax ginseng meyer cultivated in korea were isolated and identified using internal transcribed spacer (its) sequences of ribosomal dna. three cultivars of 3-year-old ginseng roots (chunpoong, yunpoong, and gumpoong) were used to isolate fungal endophytes. surface sterilized ginseng roots were placed on potato dextrose agar plates supplemented with ampicilin and streptomycin to inhibit bacterial growth. overall, 38 fungal ... | 2012 | 23717111 |
| evaluation of antifungal activity in essential oil of the syzygium aromaticum (l.) by extraction, purification and analysis of its main component eugenol. | antifungal properties of some essential oils have been well documented. clove oil is reported to have strong antifungal activity against many fungal species. in this study we have evaluated antifungal potential of essential oil of syzygium aromaticum (l.) against some common fungal pathogens of plants and animals namely, fusarium moniliforme ncim 1100, fusarium oxysporum mtcc 284, aspergillus sp., mucor sp., trichophyton rubrum and microsporum gypseum. all fungal species were found to be inhibit ... | 2011 | 24031751 |
| thermoactive β-n-acetylhexosaminidase production by a soil isolate of penicillium monoverticillium cfr 2 under solid state fermentation: parameter optimization and application for n-acetyl chitooligosaccharides preparation from chitin. | two fungal strains were evaluated for β-n-acetylhexosaminidase production by solid state fermentation using different agro-industrial residues such as commercial wheat bran (cwb) and shrimp shell chitin waste (sscw), of which penicillium monoverticillium cfr 2 a local soil isolate showed significantly (p ≤ 0.001) higher β-n-acetylhexosaminidase activity on cwb medium as compared with the activity of fusarium oxysporum cfr 8. fermentation parameters such as incubation temperature, incubation time ... | 2011 | 25187143 |
| inoculation of tomato seedlings with trichoderma harzianum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their effect on growth and control of wilt in tomato seedlings. | a green house study was conducted to investigate the ability of an isolate of trichoderma harzianum (p52) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in enhancing growth and control of a wilt pathogen caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in tomato seedlings. the plants were grown in plastic pots filled with sterilized soils. there were four treatments applied as follows; p52, amf, amf + p52 and a control. a completely randomized design was used and growth measurements and disease assessmen ... | 2011 | 24031662 |
| local origin of two vegetative compatibility groups of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum in australia. | pathogenicity and genetic diversity of fusarium oxysporum from geographically widespread native gossypium populations, including a cotton growing area believed to be the center of origin of vcg 01111 and vcg 01112 of f. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (fov) in australia, was determined using glasshouse bioassays and aflps. five lineages (a-e) were identified among 856 isolates. of these, 12% were strongly pathogenic on cotton, 10% were weakly pathogenic and designated wild fov, while 78% were nonpa ... | 2010 | 25567943 |
| inhibitory effect of algal extracts on mycelial growth of the tomato-wilt pathogen, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. | the present study was undertaken to explore the inhibitory effect of cyanobacterial extracts of nostoc commune fa-103 against the tomato-wilt pathogen, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. in an optimal medium, cell growth, antifungal activity, and antifungal compound production could be increased 2.7-fold, 4.1-fold, and 13.4-fold, respectively. a crude algal extract had a similar effect as mancozeb at the recommended dose, both in laboratory and pot tests. in vitro and in vivo fungal growth, ... | 2008 | 23997634 |
| inoculum padronization for the production of cutinase by fusarium oxysporum. | cutinase is a versatile enzyme showing several interesting properties for application in industrial processes. the widespread use of this enzyme depends on the development of an efficient and low-cost production system. one of the most important steps in a fermentation process is the standardization of the inoculum characteristics. in this study, the production of cutinase by fusarium oxysporum showed a statistically significant relationship with both the inoculum size and the inoculum pda ph. t ... | 2008 | 24031183 |
| characterization of fusarium oxysporum isolated from paprika in korea. | in the present study we first report in korea the identification and characterization of fusarium oxysporum isolated from rotten stems and roots of paprika (capsicum annuum var. grossum) at masan, kyungsangnamdo in 2006. the fungal species produced white aerial mycelia accompanying with dark violet pigment on pda. the optimal temperature and ph for the growth of the species was 25℃ and ph 7, respectively. microscopic observation of one of isolates of the species shows that its conidiophores are ... | 2007 | 24015078 |
| isolation and characterization of mutants of pseudomonas maltophila pm-4 altered in chitinolytic activity and antagonistic activity against root rot pathogens of clusterbean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba). | pseudomonas maltophila pm-4, an antagonist of pathogenic fungi including rhizoctonia bataticola, r. solani, fusarium oxysporum and sclerotinia sclerotiorum associated with root rot of clusterbean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) was mutagenized with tn5. hyperchitinase producing mutants showing large zone of colloidal chitin dissolution were identified on medium containing calcoflor dye as an indicator. a mutant p-48 producing 137% higher chitinase activity than the parent strain pm-4 was identified. s ... | 2007 | 23100642 |
| comparison of rapd, aflp, and ef-1α sequences for the phylogenetic analysis of fusarium oxysporum and its formae speciales in korea. | although fursarium oxysporum causes diseases in economically important plant hosts, identification of f. oxysporum formae speciales has been difficult due to confusing phenotypic classification systems. to resolve these complexity, we evaluated genetic relationship of nine formae speciales of f. oxysporum with random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd), amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp), and translation elongation factor-1 alpha (ef-1α) gene. in addition, the correlation between mycotox ... | 2006 | 24039470 |
| development and utility of cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (caps) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) linked to the fom-2 fusarium wilt resistance gene in melon (cucumis melo l.). | fusarium wilt, caused by fusarium oxysporum schlecht f. sp. melonis snyder & hans, is a worldwide soil-borne disease of melon (cucumis melo l.). resistance to races 0 and 1 of fusarium wilt is conditioned by the dominant gene fom-2. to facilitate marker-assisted backcrossing with selection for fusarium wilt resistance, we developed cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (caps) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) markers by converting rapd markers e07 (a 1.25-kb band) and g17 (a ... | 1999 | 22665178 |
| a streptomyces chitosanase is active in transgenic tobacco. | growth inhibition towards rhizopus nigricans, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, verticillium albo-atrum and pythium ultimum was observed in vitro using a purified chitosanase from an actinomycete, streptomyces sp, strain n174. the corresponding gene, with its own signal peptide, was inserted into pbi121.7 shuttle vector to transform tobacco. transgenic plants were analysed for chitosanase activity by a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis assay. two major and on ... | 1995 | 24185780 |
| rhizosphere and root-infecting fungi and the design of ecological field experiments. | as part of a wider study into the role of soil fungi in the ecology of the winter annual grass, vulpia ciliata ssp. ambigua (le gall) stace & auquier, we applied the fungicides benomyl and prochloraz to three natural populations of the grass growing in east anglia, united kingdom. the rhizosphere and rootinfecting fungi associated with the three populations were analysed each month between february and may 1992 when plants set seed. there were marked differences between the fungal floras associa ... | 1995 | 28306878 |
| modification of competence for in vitro response to fusarium oxysporum in tomato cells. i. selection from a susceptible cultivar for high and low polysaccharide content. | plant cell walls play a major role in the outcome of host-parasite interactions. wall fragments released from the plant, and/or the fungal pathogen, can act respectively as endogenous and exogenous elicitors of the defence response, and other wall components, such as callose, lignin, or hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, can inhibit pathogen penetration and/or spreading. we have previously demonstrated that calli from tomato cultivars resistant in vivo to fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici sho ... | 1994 | 24190533 |
| the in vitro physiological phenotype of tomato resistance to fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. | with the aim of dissecting host-parasite interaction processes in the system lycopersicon aesculentum-fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici we have isolated plant cell mutants having single-step alterations in their defense response. a previous analysis of the physiological phenotypes of mutant cell clones suggested that recognition is the crucial event for active defence, and that polysaccharide content, fungal growth inhibition, peroxidase induction in in vitro dual culture and ion leakage ind ... | 1992 | 24203038 |
| purification and some characteristics of extracellular lipase from fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini. | an extracellular lipase was isolated from a culture filtrate of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini suf 402 by hydrophobic chromatography. purity of the preparation was 38-fold and recovery yield was 32%. the molecular mass of the isolated enzyme was 30 kda. the lipase had a sugar chain, and the n-terminal amino acid was modified. the optimun ph at 37°c was 7.0. the enzyme had higher activity toward p-nitrophenyl esters with long and middle chain fatty acids (c8-c18) than with a short chain fatty aci ... | 1992 | 27280667 |
| selection for fusarium wilt disease resistance from regenerants derived from leaf callus of strawberry. | resistant lines of strawberry to the fungal wilt disease caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae were selected strawberry plants regenerated from leaf-derived callus tissues. regenerants were transplanted to a field heavily infested with this pathogen, and normally growing plants were selected as the putative resistant lines. daughter plants produced vegetatively through runner formation of the lines were similarly tested in the pathogen-infested field over an additional three generations. ... | 1991 | 24221538 |
| rflp mapping of i1, a new locus in tomato conferring resistance against fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1. | the inheritance and linkage relationships of a gene for resistance to fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 were analyzed. an interspecific hybrid between a resistant lycopersicon pennellii and a susceptible l. esculentum was backcrossed to l. esculentum. the genotype of each backcross-1 (bc1) plant with respect to its fusarium response was determined by means of backcross-2 progeny tests. resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene, i1, which was not allelic to i, the traditional ... | 1991 | 24212856 |
| time-course study of the accumulation of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins in root cells of susceptible and resistant tomato plants infected by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici. | the accumulation of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (hrgps) in cell walls of dicotyledonous plants is thought to be involved in the defense response to pathogens. an antiserum raised against deglycosylated hrgps from melon was used for studying the subcellular localization of these glycoproteins in susceptible and resistant tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) root tissues infected by fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici. a time-course of hrgp accumulation revealed that these glycopr ... | 1991 | 24194071 |
| somaclonal variant uc-t3: the expression of fusarium wilt resistance in progeny arrays of celery, apium graveolens l. | first generation (s1) progeny, second generation (s2) progeny, and backcross (bc) progeny of a celery (apium graveolens l. var. dulce) somaclonal variant, uc-t3, were evaluated for resistance to the fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii, race 2 (foa2). chisquare analysis of s1 progeny showed that the expression of resistance did not fit a single-locus model. s2 progeny means were similar among families, except in a heavily infested field. the lowest ranking s2 family in both the lightly infested ... | 1990 | 24220975 |
| genetic analysis of resistances to races 1 and 2 of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici from the wild tomato lycopersicon pennellii. | resistance to race 3 of fusarium wilt in the wild tomato lycopersicon pennellii (la 716) was previously found to be controlled by one major locus, i-3, tightly linked to got-2 on chromosome 7. this accession was also found to carry resistance to races 1 and 2; a genetic analysis of these resistances is reported in this paper. this analysis proceeded in two steps. first, allelism tests demonstrated that race 1 and 2 resistances carried by l. pennellii were not allelic to the i and i-2 genes origi ... | 1990 | 24226578 |
| an rflp marker in tomato linked to the fusarium oxysporum resistance gene i2. | the locus, i2, which in tomato confers resistance against fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 2, was introgressed into lycopersicon esculentum from the wild species l. pimpinellifolium (p.i. 126915). we searched for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) between nearly isogenic lines (nils) in clones that map to the region introgressed from the wild species. since i2 maps to chromosome 11, we used dna clones from this chromosome as hybridization probes to southern blots contain ... | 1989 | 24225839 |
| the pleiotropic phenotype of tomato cells selected for altered response to fusarium oxysporium f. sp. lycopersici cell wall components. | with the aim of better understanding in vitro host-parasite interactions, tomato cell lines selected for altered response to fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici cell wall components were further characterized. particularly, their behaviour in dual culture in regard to both fungal inhibition and peroxidase activation was analysed and selected, and control cell clones were screened for esopolysaccharide content and toxin tolerance. interclonal differences in growth response to 2,4-d and dmso and ... | 1989 | 24225830 |
| an isozyme marker for resistance to race 3 of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in tomato. | the inheritance and the linkage relationship of resistance to race 3 of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici derived from lycopersicon pennellii (la 716) were analyzed in an interspecific backcross to l. esculentum. progeny from each backcross (bc1) individual were in-oculated with race 3 and their response was measured according to a visual rating system; progeny responses were used to calculate a mean disease rating for each bc1 individual. the frequency distribution of the disease ratings wa ... | 1989 | 24225675 |
| in vitro selection of alfalfa plants resistant to fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis. | from two lines of medicago sativa characterized by a high regeneration capability, calli resistant to culture filtrate of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis have been selected. in these calli regeneration capability was greatly reduced and only one plant per callus was recovered. regenerated plants have been evaluated for resistance to culture filtrate and for in vivo resistance to the pathogen. three plants out of eight were resistant to the fungus and a high correlation between resistance t ... | 1987 | 24240327 |
| a single dominant gene for fusarium wilt resistance in protoplast-derived tomato plants. | tomato plants resistant to the fungal pathogen, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, race 2, were obtained using in vitro selection against fusaric acid, a non-specific toxin, as well as non-challenged cells. protoplasts were isolated from cotyledonary tissue of tomato cv. 'uc-82', which is susceptible to fusarium race 2. protoplasts were challenged with the toxin, and the resistant calli were further subjected to the toxin. plants regenerated from toxin-resistant calli were screened for resis ... | 1986 | 24240846 |
| correlations between in vivo resistance to fusarium and in vitro response to fungal elicitors and toxic substances in carnation. | with the aim of ascertaining the existance of a correlation between in vivo resistance to fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi and in vitro response to fungal elicitors and toxic substances, phenylalanine ammonialyase and phytoalexin accumulation, on one hand, and resistance to culture filtrate, on the other, were assayed in "in vitro" cultures of three susceptible and four resistant dianthus caryophyllus cultivars. cultivars showing varying degrees of resistance in vivo either tolerated higher cul ... | 1985 | 24254112 |
| influence of nonhosts, crucifers, and fungal parasites on field populations of heterodera schachtii. | heterodera schaehtii egg number decline under nonhosts was surveyed for 3-4 years at soil depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm in three fields in the imperial valley, california. in the two fields continously cropped to alfalfa, annual decline rates were 49 and 63%, respectively, and did not differ (p = 0.05) between depths. in the third field, cropped to annual nonhosts and fallowed, decline rates of 56 and 80% at 0-30-cm and 30-60-cm depths, respectively, were significantly different (p = 0.05). egg ... | 1981 | 19300739 |
| endophytic fungi associated with monarda citriodora, an aromatic and medicinal plant and their biocontrol potential. | the food and agriculture organization has estimated that every year considerable losses of the food crops occur due to plant diseases. although fungicides are extensively used for management of plant diseases, they are expensive and hazardous to the environment and human health. alternatively, biological control is the safe way to overcome the effects of plant diseases and to sustain agriculture. since monarda citriodora cerv. ex lag. (lamiaceae/labiatae) is known for its antifungal properties, ... | 2017 | 28398103 |
| infection courts in watermelon plants leading to seed infestation by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. | fusarium wilt incited by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (fon) is a seed-transmitted disease that causes significant yield loss in watermelon production. the pathogen may infect watermelon seeds latently, which can be an important inoculum source and contribute to severe disease outbreak. however, information regarding infection courts of fon leading to infestation of watermelon seeds is limited. to determine how seeds in watermelon fruit can be infested by fon during the watermelon growing sea ... | 2017 | 28414630 |
| nutritional composition and phytochemical, antioxidative, and antifungal activities of pergularia tomentosa l. | crude extracts from a medicinal tunisian plant, pergularia tomentosa l., were the investigated natural material. butanolic extract of roots analyzed with ir spectra revealed the presence of hydroxyl, alcoholic, and carboxylic groups and sugars units. analysis of some secondary metabolites, total phenolic, flavonoids, flavonols, and procyanidins, was performed using different solvents following the increased gradient of polarity. fruits and leaves contained the highest amounts of all these compou ... | 2017 | 28409159 |
| immobilization of a cutinase from fusarium oxysporum and application in pineapple flavor synthesis. | in the present study, the immobilization of a cutinase from fusarium oxysporum was carried out as cross-linked enzyme aggregates. under optimal immobilization conditions, acetonitrile was selected as precipitant, utilizing 9.4 mg protein/ml and 10 mm glutaraldehyde as cross-linker. the immobilized cutinase (imfocut5a) was tested in isooctane for the synthesis of short-chain butyrate esters, displaying enhanced thermostability compared to the free enzyme. pineapple flavor (butyl butyrate) synthes ... | 2017 | 28403608 |
| methanolic extract of plumbago zeylanica - a remarkable antibacterial agent against many human and agricultural pathogens. | the current investigation was carried out to determine the cytotoxic and the antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts of plumbago zeylanica. | 2017 | 28392958 |
| application of surface modified nano ferrite nickel in catalytic reaction (epoxidation of alkenes) and investigation on its antibacterial and antifungal activities. | newly, magnetic nanoparticles have extensively been used as alternative catalyst supports, in the view of their high surface area which results in high catalyst loading capacity, high dispersion, low toxicity, environmental preservation, distinguished stability, and suitable catalyst reusing. in the present study, the magnetite nanoparticles, nife2o4@ag and nife2o4@mo, were synthesized and characterized. the antimicrobial activities and catalytic properties of synthesized nanoparticles were test ... | 2017 | 28575933 |
| lipopeptides produced by bacillus subtilis as new biocontrol products against fusariosis in ornamental plants. | in this study, we have investigated the effects of three lipopeptides (fengycin, surfactin and mycosubtilin) produced by different strains of bacillus subtilis against the phytopathogenic fungi fusarium oxysporum f. sp. iridacearum, which affects the ornamental bulb plant populations of iris sp. the antifungal effects were tested using minimum inhibitory concentration assay, determination of mycelium growth and spore germination inhibition rates. also, in vivo tests on infected rhizomes and scan ... | 2017 | 28528498 |
| isolated bacillus subtilis strain 330-2 and its antagonistic genes identified by the removing pcr. | plant growth-promoting bacteria (pgpb) may trigger tolerance against biotic/abiotic stresses and growth enhancement in plants. in this study, an endophytic bacterial strain from rapeseed was isolated to assess its role in enhancing plant growth and tolerance to abiotic stresses, as well as banded leaf and sheath blight disease in maize. based on 16s rdna and biolog test analysis, the 330-2 strain was identified as bacillus subtilis. the strain produced indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores, lytic e ... | 2017 | 28496135 |
| plipastatin and surfactin coproduction by bacillus subtilis pb2-l and their effects on microorganisms. | to convert the lipopeptide non-producer strain bacillus subtilis pb2 into a plipastatin and surfactin coproducer, a gene expression cassette composed of a constitutive promoter (p43), functional gene sfp, and pleiotropic regulatory gene degq was integrated into the chromosomal amye locus of strain b. subtilis pb2 by homologous recombination, which generated a plipastatin and surfactin co-producer. thirteen plipastatins and fifteen surfactins were identified in lipopeptide extracts using analytic ... | 2017 | 28477175 |
| in vitro antifungal, probiotic, and antioxidant functional properties of a novel lactobacillus paraplantarum isolated from fermented dates in saudi arabia. | fermented foods produced using dates are used in gulf countries as beneficial and healthful foods. the beneficial microbial flora in fermented dates contributes to maintaining the nutritional properties of dates by preventing the growth of spoilage fungi. here, we examined the antifungal, probiotic, and antioxidant properties of the novel lactobacillus strain d-3 isolated from fermented dates. | 2017 | 28480570 |
| evaluation of the in vitro antimicrobial activity of selected saudi scorpion venoms tested against multidrug-resistant micro-organisms. | scorpion venoms are a rich source of bioactive peptides with promising clinical value that may lead to the discovery and development of new drugs. the present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activities of the venoms extracted from three medically important saudi scorpions (androctonus crassicauda, androctonus bicolor and leiurus quinquestriatus). | 2017 | 28587870 |
| hairy root transgene expression analysis of a secretory peroxidase (pvpox1) from common bean infected by fusarium wilt. | plant peroxidases (poxs) are one of the most important redox enzymes in the defense responses. however, the large number of different plant pox genes makes it necessary to carefully confirm the function of each paralogous pox gene in specific tissues and disease interactions. fusarium wilt is a devastating disease of common bean caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli. in this study, we evaluated a peroxidase gene, pvpox1, from a resistant common bean genotype, caas260205 and provided direc ... | 2017 | 28554466 |
| rnai-mediated silencing of map kinase signalling genes (fmk1, hog1, and pbs2) in fusarium oxysporum reduces pathogenesis on tomato plants. | fusarium oxysporum is a soil-borne plant fungal pathogen, and causes colossal losses in several crop plants including tomato. effective control measures include the use of harmful fungicides and resistant cultivars, but these methods have shown limited success. conventional methods to validate fungal pathogenic genes are labour intensive. therefore, an alternative strategy is required to efficiently characterize unknown pathogenic genes. rna interference (rnai) has emerged as a potential tool to ... | 2017 | 28800849 |
| essential oils as biocides for the control of fungal infections and devastating pest (tuta absoluta) of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.). | thymus capitatus and tetraclinis articulata essential oils as well their major components (carvacrol and α-pinene) were evaluated for their antifungal and insecticidal activities. both oils showed good in vitro antifungal activity against fusarium oxysporum, aspergillus niger, penicillium sp., alternaria alternata, and botrytis cinerea, the fungi causing tomato rot. in vivo results indicate the efficacies of both essential oils and carvacrol of reduce postharvest fungal pathogens, such as b. cin ... | 2017 | 28422413 |
| identification and antifungal activity of compounds from the mangrove endophytic fungus aspergillus clavatus r7. | two new coumarin derivatives, 4,4'-dimethoxy-5,5'-dimethyl-7,7'-oxydicoumarin (1), 7-(γ,γ-dimethylallyloxy)-5-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin (2), a new chromone derivative, (s)-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-4h-furo[3,4-g]benzopyran-4,8(6h)-dione (5), and a new sterone derivative, 24-hydroxylergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (6), along with two known bicoumarins, kotanin (3) and orlandin (4), were isolated from an endophytic fungus aspergillusclavatus (collection no. r7), isolated from the root of myoporum b ... | 2017 | 28825634 |
| chemical composition and antifungal activity of the essential oil of zhumeria majdae, heracleum persicum and eucalyptus sp. against some important phytopathogenic fungi. | application of essential oils of medicinal plants is considered a safe and acceptable method for plant disease management to protect plants from pathogenic microorganisms. thus, in recent study, essential oils (eos) from zhumeria majdae, heracleum persicum (two iranian endemic plants) and eucalyptus sp. were assayed for their antifungal potential against ten phytopathogenic fungi, including fusarium graminearum, fusarium asiaticum, fusarium redolens f.sp. dianthus, fusarium verticillioides, fusa ... | 2017 | 28757068 |
| isolation, identification, optimization, and metabolite profiling of streptomyces sparsus vsm-30. | deep sea sediment samples of bay of bengal (visakhapatnam) have been analyzed for actinomycetes as an elite source to screen for the production of bioactive metabolites. the actinomycetes strain vsm-30 has an exciting bioactivity profile and was isolated during our systemic screening of marine actinomycetes. it was identified as streptomyces sparsus based on morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches. response surface methodology regression analysis was carried out to fi ... | 2017 | 28669076 |
| a novel photosensitization treatment for the inactivation of fungal spores and cells mediated by curcumin. | the global concerns regarding the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains and the impact of the excessive use of fungicidal practises on our health, food, and environment have increased, leading to a demand for alternative clean green technologies as treatments. photosensitization is a treatment that utilises a photosensitiser, light and oxygen to cause cell damage to microorganisms. the effect of photosensitization mediated by curcumin on aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus, penicillium gris ... | 2017 | 28623822 |
| coupling the pretreatment and hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass by the expression of beta-xylosidases. | thermochemical pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis are the areas contributing most to the operational costs of second generation ethanol in lignocellulosic biorefineries. the improvement of lignocellulosic enzyme cocktails has been significant in the recent years. although the needs for the reduction of the energy intensity and chemical consumption in the pretreatment step are well known, the reduction of the severity of the process strongly affects the enzymatic hydrolysis yield. to explore t ... | 2017 | 28710860 |
| antioxidant and antifungal activity of selected medicinal plant extracts against phytopathogenic fungi. | medicinal plants are used by many ethnic groups as a source of medicine for the treatment of various ailments in both humans and domestic animals. these plants produce secondary metabolites that have antimicrobial properties, thus screening of medicinal plants provide another alternative for producing chemical fungicides that are relatively non-toxic and cost-effective. | 2016 | 28852739 |
| nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) inhibit the growth and reproduction of chaetomium globosum and other fungi associated with water-damaged buildings. | indoor mold due to water damage causes serious human respiratory disorders, and the remediation to homes, schools, and businesses is a major expense. prevention of mold infestation of building materials would reduce health problems and building remediation costs. nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) inhibit yeasts and a limited number of filamentous fungi. the purpose of this research was to determine the possible inhibitory activity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) on g ... | 2017 | 28795317 |
| chemical composition and antifungal activity of hedera helix leaf ethanolic extract. | the 50% ethanol extract obtained from hedera helix leaves was investigated regarding the presence and quantity of polyphenols, sterols and in vitro antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi. the chemical analysis revealed the presence of rutin, quercetin and kaempferol in the non-hydrolysed sample and quercetin and kaempferol in the hydrolysed sample and stigmasterol in the ivy leaf extract (nonhydrolysed sample). the antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi (aspergillus niger, ... | 2017 | 28605982 |
| isolation of a potential biocontrol agent paenibacillus polymyxa nsy50 from vinegar waste compost and its induction of host defense responses against fusarium wilt of cucumber. | fusarium wilt caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (foc) is one of the major destructive soil-borne diseases infecting cucumber. in this study, we screened 60 target strains isolated from vinegar waste compost, from which 10 antagonistic strains were identified to have the disease suppression capacity of bio-control agents. the 16s rdna gene demonstrated that the biocontrol agents were paenibacillus polymyxa (p. polymyxa), bacillus amyloliquefaciens (b. amyloliquefaciens) and bacillus ... | 2017 | 28647117 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activities and mechanism of 1-octen-3-ol against food-related bacteria and pathogenic fungi. | 1-octen-3-ol, known as mushroom alcohol, is a natural product extracted from fungi and plants. its antimicrobial activities against five common food-related bacteria and two pathogenic fungi were evaluated in this paper, including staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, fusarium tricinctum and fusarium oxysporum. the results showed that 1-octen-3-ol had a strong antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria, especially ... | 2017 | 28794307 |
| c-coordinated o-carboxymethyl chitosan metal complexes: synthesis, characterization and antifungal efficacy. | a novel type of o-carboxymethyl chitosan schiff bases (o-cspx) was synthesized via a condensation reaction. after the coordination reaction of cupric ions, zinc ions and nickel ions, metal complexes (o-cspx-m) were achieved. the theoretical structure of o-cspx-m calculated by gaussian 09 reveals that the copper ions and nickel ions underwent dsp(2) hybridization, the zinc ions underwent sp(3) hybridization, and they all coordinated by the carbon atom in the p-π conjugate group. then, the structu ... | 2017 | 28774807 |
| disease resistance to multiple fungal and oomycete pathogens evaluated using a recombinant inbred line population in pepper. | incorporating disease resistance into cultivars is a primary focus of modern breeding programs. resistance to pathogens is often introgressed from landrace or wild individuals with poor fruit quality into commercial-quality cultivars. sites of multiple disease resistance (mdr) are regions or "hotspots" of the genome with closely linked genes for resistance to different pathogens that could enable rapid incorporation of resistance. an f2-derived f6 recombinant inbred line population from a cross ... | 2017 | 28762287 |
| elucidation of the biosynthetic pathway of cis-jasmone in lasiodiplodia theobromae. | in plants, cis-jasmone (cj) is synthesized from α-linolenic acid (la) via two biosynthetic pathways using jasmonic acid (ja) and iso-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (iso-opda) as key intermediates. however, there have been no reports documenting cj production by microorganisms. in the present study, the production of fungal-derived cj by lasiodiplodia theobromae was observed for the first time, although this production was not observed for botrytis cinerea, verticillium longisporum, fusarium oxysporum, ... | 2017 | 28751737 |
| production of ligninolytic enzymes and some diffusible antifungal compounds by white-rot fungi using potato solid wastes as the sole nutrient source. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the synthesis of ligninolytic enzymes and some diffusible antifungal compounds by white-rot fungi (wrf) using peels or discarded potato as the sole nutrient source. | 2017 | 28718996 |
| the antibiotic polymyxin b exhibits novel antifungal activity against fusarium species. | the genus fusarium comprises many species, including fusarium oxysporum, fusarium solani, fusarium graminearum and fusarium verticillioides, and causes severe infections in plants and humans. in clinical settings, fusarium is the third most frequent mould to cause invasive fungal infections after aspergillus and the mucorales. f. solani and f. oxysporum are the most prevalent fusarium spp. causing clinical disease. however, few effective antifungal drugs are available to treat human and plant fu ... | 2017 | 28433743 |
| antimicrobial textiles: biogenic silver nanoparticles against candida and xanthomonas. | this paper introduces cotton fibers impregnated with biogenic silver nanoparticles (agnps), synthesized from a fusarium oxysporum fungal filtrate (ff) solution, and open up the possibility for their use in medical environment and agriculture clothing as means to avoid microbial spreading. after thorough agnps characterization, regarding their physical, chemical and biochemical properties, minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) against some human and orange tree pathogens were determined. we rep ... | 2017 | 28415502 |
| fungal endophytes isolated from protium heptaphyllum and trattinnickia rhoifolia as antagonists of fusarium oxysporum. | control of fungal pathogens is mainly addressed by the use of chemically synthesized fungicides which result in environmental pollution, developing resistance after prolonged use. in this context, endophytes have been recognized as potential biocontrollers, and also as a promising source of antifungal metabolites. therefore, as part of our research on phytopathogen controllers, 355 fungal endophytes were isolated from protium heptaphyllum and trattinnickia rhoifolia (burseraceae), both ethnobota ... | 2017 | 28495036 |
| evaluation of multifarious plant growth promoting traits, antagonistic potential and phylogenetic affiliation of rhizobacteria associated with commercial tea plants grown in darjeeling, india. | plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) are studied in different agricultural crops but the interaction of pgpr of tea crop is not yet studied well. in the present study, the indigenous tea rhizobacteria were isolated from seven tea estates of darjeeling located in west bengal, india. a total of 150 rhizobacterial isolates were screened for antagonistic activity against six different fungal pathogens i.e. nigrospora sphaerica (kj767520), pestalotiopsis theae (itcc 6599), curvularia eragostid ... | 2017 | 28771547 |
| production, characterization, and antifungal activity of a biosurfactant produced by rhodotorula babjevae ys3. | sophorolipids are one of the most promising glycolipid biosurfactants and have been successfully employed in bioremediation and various other industrial sectors. they have also been described to exhibit antimicrobial activity against different bacterial species. nevertheless, previous literature pertaining to the antifungal activity of sophorolipids are limited indicating the need for further research to explore novel strains with wide antimicrobial activity. a novel yeast strain, rhodotorula ba ... | 2017 | 28558761 |
| the powdery mildew-resistant arabidopsis mlo2 mlo6 mlo12 triple mutant displays altered infection phenotypes with diverse types of phytopathogens. | arabidopsis thaliana mlo2 mlo6 mlo12 triple mutant plants exhibit complete immunity against infection by otherwise virulent obligate biotrophic powdery mildew fungi such as golovinomyces orontii. while this phenotype is well documented, the interaction profile of the triple mutant with other microbes is underexplored and incomplete. here, we thoroughly assessed and quantified the infection phenotypes of two independent powdery mildew-resistant triple mutant lines with a range of microbes. these ... | 2017 | 28839137 |
| preparation and characterization of novel cationic chitosan derivatives bearing quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts and assessment of their antifungal properties. | chitosan is an abundant and renewable polysaccharide, its derivatives exhibit attractive bioactivities and the wide applications in various biomedical fields. in this paper, two novel cationic chitosan derivatives modified with quaternary phosphonium salts were successfully synthesized via trimethylation, chloride acetylation, and quaternization with tricyclohexylphosphine and triphenylphosphine. the structures and properties of synthesized products in the reactions were characterized by ftir sp ... | 2017 | 28858241 |
| design, synthesis of novel chitosan derivatives bearing quaternary phosphonium salts and evaluation of antifungal activity. | two novel chitosan derivatives modified with quaternary phosphonium salts were successfully synthesized, including tricyclohexylphosphonium acetyl chitosan chloride (tcpacsc) and triphenylphosphonium acetyl chitosan chloride (tppacsc), and characterized by ftir, (1)h nmr, and (13)c nmr spectra. the degree of substitution was also calculated by elemental analysis results. their antifungal activities against colletotrichum lagenarium, watermelon fusarium, and fusarium oxysporum were investigated i ... | 2017 | 28445700 |
| studies on chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of bioactive molecules from date palm (phoenixdactylifera l.) pollens and seeds. | natural resources have been the crucial origin of chemical elements. they have been used in many traditions as alternative medicines. the chemical profiling of some plant extracts and essential oils related to different plants were followed to unveil their most active components. in this paper, phoenix dactilyfera l was selected as a host plant to investigate the composition of different organs with different cultivars. | 2017 | 28480436 |
| a novel α-galactosidase from fusarium oxysporum and its application in determining the structure of the gum arabic side chain. | we previously reported that fusarium oxysporum 12s produces two bifunctional proteins, foap1 and foap2, with α-d-galactopyranosidase (gpase) and β-l-arabinopyranosidase (apase) activities. the aim of this paper was to purify a third gpase, fogp1, from culture supernatant of f. oxysporum 12s, to characterize it, and to determine its mode of action towards gum arabic. a cdna encoding fogp1 was cloned and the protein was overexpressed in escherichia coli. module sequence analysis revealed the prese ... | 2017 | 28554382 |
| structure-function analysis of the fusarium oxysporum avr2 effector allows uncoupling of its immune-suppressing activity from recognition. | plant pathogens employ effector proteins to manipulate their hosts. fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (fol), the causal agent of tomato wilt disease, produces effector protein avr2. besides being a virulence factor, avr2 triggers immunity in i-2 carrying tomato (solanum lycopersicum). fol strains that evade i-2 recognition carry point mutations in avr2 (e.g. avr2(r45h) ), but retain full virulence. here we investigate the virulence function of avr2 and determine its crystal structure. transg ... | 2017 | 28857169 |
| a mobile pathogenicity chromosome in fusarium oxysporum for infection of multiple cucurbit species. | the genome of fusarium oxysporum (fo) consists of a set of eleven 'core' chromosomes, shared by most strains and responsible for housekeeping, and one or several accessory chromosomes. we sequenced a strain of fo f.sp. radicis-cucumerinum (forc) using pacbio smrt sequencing. all but one of the core chromosomes were assembled into single contigs, and a chromosome that shows all the hallmarks of a pathogenicity chromosome comprised two contigs. a central part of this chromosome contains all identi ... | 2017 | 28831051 |
| comparison of transcriptome profiles by fusarium oxysporum inoculation between fusarium yellows resistant and susceptible lines in brassica rapa l. | resistant and susceptible lines in brassica rapa have different immune responses against fusarium oxysporum inoculation. fusarium yellows caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (foc) is an important disease of brassicaceae; however, the mechanism of how host plants respond to foc is still unknown. by comparing with and without foc inoculation in both resistant and susceptible lines of chinese cabbage (brassica rapa var. pekinensis), we identified differentially expressed genes (degs) b ... | 2017 | 28819684 |
| pathological interrelations of soil-borne diseases in cucurbits caused by fusarium species and meloidogyne incognita. | pathological interrelations of two soil-borne diseases in cucurbits (watermelon, oriental melon, shintosa and cucumber) caused by fusarium isolates (fi) and the root-knot nematode (rkn), meloidogyne incognita were characterized by the fusarium disease severity index (di), rkn gall index (gi) and eggmass index (ei) in inoculation tests using fi and rkn. virulence of fi as determined by di at 4 weeks after inoculation was mostly in the higher order of fusarium proliferatum f6, f5 and fusarium oxys ... | 2017 | 28811758 |
| investigating the diversity of effector genes in the banana pathogen, fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, reveals evidence of horizontal gene transfer. | it is hypothesised that the virulence of phytopathogenic fungi is mediated through the secretion of small effector proteins that interfere with the defence responses of the host plant. in fusarium oxysporum, one family of effectors, the secreted in xylem (six) genes, have been identified. we sought to characterise the diversity and evolution of the six genes in the banana-infecting lineages of f. oxysporum f.sp. cubense (foc). whole-genome sequencing data was generated for the 23 genetic lineage ... | 2017 | 28802020 |
| chickpea-fusarium oxysporum interaction transcriptome reveals differential modulation of plant defense strategies. | fusarium wilt is one of the major biotic stresses reducing chickpea productivity. the use of wilt-resistant cultivars is the most appropriate means to combat the disease and secure productivity. as a step towards understanding the molecular basis of wilt resistance in chickpea, we investigated the transcriptomes of wilt-susceptible and wilt-resistant cultivars under both fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri (foc) challenged and unchallenged conditions. transcriptome profiling using longsage provided ... | 2017 | 28798320 |
| synthesis, characterization and antifungal activity of coumarin-functionalized chitosan derivatives. | four novel coumarin-functionalized chitosan derivatives 4a-4d were synthesized via condensation reactions of thiosemicarbazide chitosan with coumarin derivatives. their structures were confirmed by ft-ir, (13)c nmr, xrd and elemental analysis. their antifungal activities against three kinds of phytopathogens, alternaria solani sorauer (a. solani), fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (f. oxysporum) and fusarium moniliforme (f. moniliforme), were tested using the mycelial growth rate in vitro at ... | 2017 | 28797818 |
| rna sequencing reveals that endoplasmic reticulum stress and disruption of membrane integrity underlie dimethyl trisulfide toxicity against fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4. | fusarium wilt of banana, a destructive disease that affects banana production, is caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (foc tr4). in a previous study, we confirmed the strong inhibitory effects of chinese leek (allium tuberosum) on the incidence of this disease. sulfur compounds are the primary antifungal constituents of chinese leek. among these, dimethyl trisulfide (dt) was the most abundant and exhibited the strongest inhibition of foc tr4 growth and development. in the ... | 2017 | 28790985 |
| bacterial diseases of bananas and enset: current state of knowledge and integrated approaches toward sustainable management. | bacterial diseases of bananas and enset have not received, until recently, an equal amount of attention compared to other major threats to banana production such as the fungal diseases black leaf streak (mycosphaerella fijiensis) and fusarium wilt (fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense). however, bacteria cause significant impacts on bananas globally and management practices are not always well known or adopted by farmers. bacterial diseases in bananas and enset can be divided into three groups: (1) ... | 2017 | 28785275 |
| synthesis of cdse quantum dots using fusarium oxysporum. | cdse quantum dots are often used in industry as fluorescent materials. in this study, cdse quantum dots were synthesized using fusarium oxysporum. the cadmium and selenium concentration, ph, and temperature for the culture of f. oxysporum (fusarium oxysporum) were optimized for the synthesis, and the cdse quantum dots obtained from the mycelial cells of f. oxysporum were observed by transmission electron microscopy. ultra-thin sections of f. oxysporum showed that the cdse quantum dots were preci ... | 2016 | 28773975 |
| identification and functionality prediction of pathogenesis-related protein 1 from legume family. | the production and accumulation of pathogenesis-related (pr) proteins in plants is one of the important responses to biotic and abiotic stress. large number of identified pr proteins has been categorized into 17 functional families based on their structure, phylogenetics, and biological activities. however, they are not widely studied in legume crops. using 29 pr1 proteins from arabidopsis thaliana, as query, here we have predicted 92 candidate pr1 proteins through the psi-blast and hmmer progra ... | 2017 | 28762578 |
| mitochondrial molecular markers for resistance to bayoud disease in date palm. | bayoud disease, caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis, is a very serious and destructive disease to date palm. screening of date palm germplasm for resistance to bayoud disease is a crucial step to avoid or alleviate the disease consequences. fortunately, it was discovered that there are two mitochondrial plasmid-like dna molecules associated with susceptibility or resistance to bayoud disease. in this chapter, we present a fast, simple, and reliable technique to screen date palm germpla ... | 2017 | 28755230 |
| comparative agronomic performance and reaction to fusarium wilt of lens culinaris × l. orientalis and l. culinaris × l. ervoides derivatives. | the development of transgressive phenotype in the segregating populations has been speculated to contribute to niche divergence of hybrid lineages, which occurs most frequently at larger genetic distances. wild lens species are considered to be more resistant against major biotic and abiotic stresses than that of the cultivated species. in the present study, we assessed the comparative agronomic performance of lentil (lens culinaris subsp. culinaris) inter-sub-specific (l. culinaris subsp. orien ... | 2017 | 28751897 |
| fusarium keratitis in germany. | fusarium keratitis is a destructive eye infection that is difficult to treat and which results in poor outcome. in the tropical and subtropical areas the infection is relatively common and associated with trauma or chronic eye diseases. however, in recent years, an increased incidence has been reported in temperate climate regions. at the german national reference center, we observed a steady increase in case numbers since 2014. here, we present the first german case series of eye infections wit ... | 2017 | 28747368 |
| the distribution of miniature impala elements and six genes in the fusarium genus is suggestive of horizontal gene transfer. | the mimp family of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements was previously found only in genomes of fusarium oxysporum and is contextually associated with virulence genes in this species. through extensive comparative analysis of 83 f. oxysporum and 52 other fusarium genomes, we uncovered the distribution of different mimp families throughout the genus. we show that (i) mimps are not exclusive to f. oxysporum; (ii) pathogenic isolates generally possess more mimps than non-pathogenic strai ... | 2017 | 28744785 |
| the distribution and host range of the banana fusarium wilt fungus, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, in asia. | fusarium oxysporum formae specialis cubense (foc) is a soil-borne fungus that causes fusarium wilt, which is considered to be the most destructive disease of bananas. the fungus is believed to have evolved with its host in the indo-malayan region, and from there it was spread to other banana-growing areas with infected planting material. the diversity and distribution of foc in asia was investigated. a total of 594 f. oxysporum isolates collected in ten asian countries were identified by vegetat ... | 2017 | 28719631 |
| comparative study on antifungal activities of chitosan nanoparticles and chitosan silver nano composites against fusarium oxysporum species complex. | though the metal nanoparticles (nps) have been shown favorable results against fungal diseases, erratic environmental toxicity of nps have raised serious concerns against their applications. hence, it is vital to modify antifungal compounds into safe substitutes over synthetic chemicals. in this study, antifungal effects of chitosan nanoparticles (cnps) and chitosan silver nanocomposites (cagncs) were compared against fusarium oxysporum species complex. cnps and cagncs were synthesized, characte ... | 2017 | 28709896 |
| endophytic fungi harbored in panax notoginseng: diversity and potential as biological control agents against host plant pathogens of root-rot disease. | endophytic fungi play an important role in balancing the ecosystem and boosting host growth. in the present study, we investigated the endophytic fungal diversity of healthy panax notoginseng and evaluated its potential antimicrobial activity against five major phytopathogens causing root-rot of p. notoginseng. | 2017 | 28701877 |
| modulation of inter-kingdom communication by phcbsr quorum sensing system in ralstonia solanacearum phylotype i strain gmi1000. | ralstonia solanacearum is a ubiquitous soil-borne plant pathogenic bacterium, which frequently encounters and interacts with other soil cohabitants in competition for environmental niches. ralsolamycin, which is encoded by the rmy genes, has been characterized as a novel inter-kingdom interaction signal that induces chlamydospore development in fungi. in this study, we provide the first genetic evidence that the rmy gene expression is controlled by the phcbsr quorum sensing (qs) system in strain ... | 2017 | 28690607 |
| role of fusaric acid in the development of 'fusarium wilt' symptoms in tomato: physiological, biochemical and proteomic perspectives. | fusarium wilt is one of the most prevalent and damaging diseases of tomato. among various toxins secreted by the fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (causal agent of fusarium wilt of tomato), fusaric acid (fa) is suspected to be a potent pathogenicity factor in tomato wilt disease development. with this rationale the present study was carried out with physiological, biochemical and proteomic perspectives. treatment of fa was given to the leaves of tomato directly through infiltration to show t ... | 2017 | 28683401 |