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analysis of the defence-related mechanism in cucumber seedlings in relation to root colonization by nonpathogenic fusarium oxysporum cs-20.a defence response can be induced by nonpathogenic fusarium oxysporum cs-20 in several crops, but the molecular mechanism has not been clearly demonstrated. in the present study, we analysed the defence mechanism of a susceptible cucumber cultivar (cucumis sativus l. 9930) against a pathogen (f. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum) through the root precolonization of cs-20. a challenge inoculation assay indicated that the disease severity index (dsi) was reduced, ranging from 18.83 to 61.67 in comparis ...201424810367
identification of the main toxins isolated from fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi race 2 and their relation with isolates' pathogenicity.fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi (fop) is a pathogen of field pea inducing severe vascular wilt worldwide. plant resistance to races 1, 5, and 6, producing wilt symptoms, is conferred by a single dominant gene, while resistance to race 2, which gives near-wilt symptoms, have been recently showed to be quantitative. among the virulence factors reported to play a role in the infection process, toxin production is one of the best studied. thus, five race 2 isolates have been investigated for toxin pr ...201424568659
[cellulolytic activity of fenellia flavipes and fusarium oxysporum strains].the production of cellulolytic enzymes by fenellia flavipes and fusarium oxysporum strains in submerged culture with plant residues as carbon source was studied. it was established that the majority of studied strains was able to hydrolyze the filter paper, husk of sunflower seeds, wheat straw and corn stalks. the ability to synthesize enzymes depended on the strain of microscopic fungi, type of substrate and duration of cultivation. as a result two fungal strains were selected: f. flavipes 655 ...201424450186
agp2p, the plasma membrane transregulator of polyamine uptake, regulates the antifungal activities of the plant defensin nad1 and other cationic peptides.cationic antifungal peptides (afps) act through a variety of mechanisms but share the common feature of interacting with the fungal cell surface. nad1, a defensin from nicotiana alata, has potent antifungal activity against a variety of fungi of both hyphal and yeast morphologies. the mechanism of action of nad1 occurs via three steps: binding to the fungal cell surface, permeabilization of the plasma membrane, and internalization and interaction with intracellular targets to induce fungal cell ...201424566173
in vitro antifugal activity of medicinal plant extract against fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 3 the causal agent of tomato wilt.medicinal plant extracts of five plants; adhatoda vasica, eucalyptus globulus, lantana camara, nerium oleander and ocimum basilicum collected from cairo, egypt were evaluated against fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 3 in vitro conditions using water and certain organic solvents. the results revealed that cold distilled water extracts of o. basilicum and e. globulus were the most effective ones for inhibiting the growth of f. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. butanolic and ethanolic extract ...201424561899
manipulating cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (cad) expression in flax affects fibre composition and properties.in recent decades cultivation of flax and its application have dramatically decreased. one of the reasons for this is unpredictable quality and properties of flax fibre, because they depend on environmental factors, retting duration and growing conditions. these factors have contribution to the fibre composition, which consists of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin and pectin. by far, it is largely established that in flax, lignin reduces an accessibility of enzymes either to pectin, hemicellulos ...201424552628
functional analysis of the conserved transcriptional regulator cfwor1 in cladosporium fulvum reveals diverse roles in the virulence of plant pathogenic fungi.fungal wor1-like proteins are conserved transcriptional regulators that are reported to regulate the virulence of several plant pathogenic fungi by affecting the expression of virulence genes. here, we report the functional analysis of cfwor1, the homologue of wor1 in cladosporium fulvum. δcfwor1 mutants produce sclerotium-like structures and rough hyphae, which are covered with a black extracellular matrix. these mutants do not sporulate and are no longer virulent on tomato. a ce.cfwor1 transfo ...201424521437
development of dart markers and assessment of diversity in fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, wilt pathogen of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.).fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (foc), the causal agent of fusarium wilt of chickpea is highly variable and frequent recurrence of virulent forms have affected chickpea production and exhausted valuable genetic resources. the severity and yield losses of fusarium wilt differ from place to place owing to existence of physiological races among isolates. diversity study of fungal population associated with a disease plays a major role in understanding and devising better disease control strategie ...201424912854
toxicity of abiotic stressors to fusarium species: differences in hydrogen peroxide and fungicide tolerance.stress sensitivity of three related phytopathogenic fusarium species (fusarium graminearum, fusarium oxysporum and fusarium verticillioides) to different oxidative, osmotic, cell wall, membrane, fungicide stressors and an antifungal protein (paf) were studied in vitro. the most prominent and significant differences were found in oxidative stress tolerance: all the three f. graminearum strains showed much higher sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide and, to a lesser extent, to menadione than the other ...201424939687
purification, characterization, and in vitro activity of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol from pseudomonas monteilii psf84: conformational and molecular docking studies.a novel strain of pseudomonas monteilii, psf84, was isolated from tannery waste soil from jajmau, kanpur, india. 16s rrna gene sequence phylogenetic analysis confirmed the taxonomic affiliation of psf84 as p. monteilii. an antifungal volatile organic compound (voc) active against hyphal growth of fusarium oxysporum (cimap-imi-357464) in vitro was isolated from strain psf84 by using chromatographic techniques. the molecular formula of the antifungal voc was deduced to be c₁₄h₂₂o by ei-ms and 1d a ...201424934765
extracellular chitin deacetylase production in solid state fermentation by native soil isolates of penicillium monoverticillium and fusarium oxysporum.extracellular chitin deacetylase production by native soil isolates of penicillium monoverticillium cfr 2 and fusarium oxysporum cfr 8 in solid state fermentation (ssf) using commercial wheat bran (cwb) and shrimp processing by-products (spp) as solid substrate has been studied. p. monoverticillium produced maximum chitin deacetylase activity of 547.7 ± 45 and 390.2 ± 31 units/g initial dry substrate (u/g ids) at 96 h of incubation in cwb and spp media, respectively. while, f. oxysporum produced ...201425114353
a major qtl associated with fusarium oxysporum race 1 resistance identified in genetic populations derived from closely related watermelon lines using selective genotyping and genotyping-by-sequencing for snp discovery.a major quantitative trait locus (qtl) for fusarium oxysporum fr. f. sp. niveum race 1 resistance was identified by employing a "selective genotyping" approach together with genotyping-by-sequencing technology to identify qtls and single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with the resistance among closely related watermelon genotypes. fusarium wilt is a major disease of watermelon caused by the soil-borne fungus fusarium oxysporum schlechtend.:fr. f. sp. niveum (e.f. sm.) w.c. snyder & h.n. han ...201425104326
benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrid molecules: synthesis and evaluation for antibacterial/antifungal activity.a novel series of hybrid molecules 4a-i and 5a-i were prepared by condensation of 4-(trimethylsilylethynyl)benzaldehyde 1 with substituted o-phenylenediamines. these in turn were reacted with 2-(azidomethoxy)ethyl acetate in a cu alkyne-azide cycloaddition (cuaac) to generate the 1,2,3-triazole pharmacophore under microwave assistance. the newly synthesized compounds were examined for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and the phytopathogenic ...201425088180
genome sequence of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis strain nrrl 26406, a fungus causing wilt disease on melon.horizontal chromosome transfer introduces host-specific pathogenicity among members of the fusarium oxysporum species complex and is responsible for some of the most destructive and intractable plant diseases. this paper reports the genome sequence of f. oxysporum f. sp. melonis (nrrl 26406), a causal agent of fusarium wilt disease on melon.201425081257
exploring microrna-like small rnas in the filamentous fungus fusarium oxysporum.rna silencing such as quelling and meiotic silencing by unpaired dna (msud) and several other classes of special small rnas have been discovered in filamentous fungi recently. more than four different mechanisms of microrna-like rnas (milrnas) production have been illustrated in the model fungus neurospora crassa including a dicer-independent pathway. to date, very little work focusing on small rnas in fungi has been reported and no universal or particular characteristic of milrnas were defined ...201425141304
fusarium oxysporum induces the production of proteins and volatile organic compounds by trichoderma harzianum t-e5.trichoderma species have been used widely as biocontrol agents for the suppression of soil-borne pathogens. however, some antagonistic mechanisms of trichoderma are not well characterized. in this study, a series of laboratory experiments were designed to characterize the importance of mycoparasitism, exoenzymes, and volatile organic compounds (vocs) by trichoderma harzianum t-e5 for the control of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (foc). we further tested whether these mechanisms were induc ...201425135494
hyphal growth of phagocytosed fusarium oxysporum causes cell lysis and death of murine macrophages.fusarium oxysporum is an important plant pathogen and an opportunistic pathogen of humans. here we investigated phagocytosis of f. oxysporum by j774.1 murine cell line macrophages using live cell video microscopy. macrophages avidly migrated towards f. oxysporum germlings and were rapidly engulfed after cell-cell contact was established. f. oxysporum germlings continued hyphal growth after engulfment by macrophages, leading to associated macrophage lysis and escape. macrophage killing depended o ...201425025395
[biological characteristics of fusarium oxysporum and inhibitory effects of five fungicides].the mycelium growth and sporulation in different temperature, ph value and light conditions were detected by using the crossing and haemocytometer method. the toxicity of five fungicides to fusarium oxysporum was tested by mycelia growth method, so as to provide the reference for prevention and control against f. oxysporum. the optimum temperature and ph value of f. oxysporum to grow and spore were 28 degrees c and 6-7. alternating light and darkness promoted growth and sporulation of bacterial ...201425039169
characterization of a yam class iv chitinase produced by recombinant pichia pastoris x-33.a yam (dioscorea opposita thunb) class iv chitinase, whose genomic dna was cloned by mitsunaga et al. (2004), was produced by the recombinant pichia pastoris x-33 in high yields such as 66 mg/l of culture medium. the chitinase was purified by column chromatography after endoglycosidase h treatment and then characterized. it showed properties similar to the original chitinase e purified from the yam tuber reported by arakane et al. (2000). this pichia-produced chitinase also showed strong lytic a ...201425036674
staurosporine from the endophytic streptomyces sp. strain cns-42 acts as a potential biocontrol agent and growth elicitor in cucumber.chinese medicinal plants and their surrounding rhizospheric soil serve as promising sources of actinobacteria. a total of 180 actinobacteria strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil, leaves, stems, and roots of nine selected plants and have been identified as potential biocontrol agents against fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. an endophytic strain cns-42 isolated from alisma orientale showed the largest zone of inhibition demonstrating a potent effect against f. oxysporum f. sp. cuc ...201425035061
reduction of fusarium rot and maintenance of fruit quality in melon using eco-friendly hot water treatment.significant losses in harvested fruit can be directly attributable to decay fungi and quality deterioration. hot water treatment (hwt) has been demonstrated to be an effective and economic environment-friendly approach for managing postharvest decay and maintaining fruit quality. in this study, the effects of hwt (45 °c for 10, 15, 20, and 25 min) on in vitro growth of fusarium oxysporum, in vivo fusarium rot, and natural decay of melon were investigated. hwt inhibited spore germination and germ ...201425030787
first report of potato stem-end rot caused by fusarium oxysporum in korea.in this study, we identified the causative agent of stem-end rot in potatoes that were grown in gangwon alpine areas of korea in 2013. the disease symptoms included appearance of slightly sunken circular lesion with corky rot on the potato surface at the stem-end portion. the fungal species isolated from the infected potatoes were grown on potato dextrose agar and produced white aerial mycelia with dark violet pigments. the conidiophores were branched and monophialidic. the microconidia had elli ...201425071394
phytohormone profiles induced by trichoderma isolates correspond with their biocontrol and plant growth-promoting activity on melon plants.the application of trichoderma strains with biocontrol and plant growth-promoting capacities to plant substrates can help reduce the input of chemical pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture. some trichoderma isolates can directly affect plant pathogens, but they also are known to influence the phytohormonal network of their host plant, thus leading to an improvement of plant growth and stress tolerance. in this study, we tested whether alterations in the phytohormone signature induced by diff ...201425023078
biocontrol of fusarium crown and root rot and promotion of growth of tomato by paenibacillus strains isolated from soil.in this study, bacterial strains were isolated from soils from 30 locations of samcheok, gangwon province. of the isolated strains, seven showed potential plant growth promoting and antagonistic activities. based on cultural and morphological characterization, and 16s rrna gene sequencing, these strains were identified as paenibacillus species. all seven strains produced ammonia, cellulase, hydrocyanic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, protease, phosphatase, and siderophores. they also inhibited the m ...201425071385
siderophore as a potential plant growth-promoting agent produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa jas-25.siderophores scavenges fe(+3) from the vicinity of the roots of plants, and thus limit the amount of iron required for the growth of pathogens such as fusarium oxysporum, pythium ultimum, and fusarium udum, which cause wilt and root rot disease in crops. the ability of pseudomonas to grow and to produce siderophore depends upon the iron content, ph, and temperature. maximum yield of siderophore of 130 μm was observed at ph 7.0 ± 0.2 and temperature of 30 °c at 30 h. the threshold level of iron w ...201425062779
marker assisted selection (mas) for chickpea fusarium oxysporum wilt resistant genotypes using pcr based molecular markers.the exploration of genetically superior accessions is the key source of germplasm conservation and potential breeding material for the future. to meet the demand of better yielding chickpea cultivars in pakistan the present study was organized to select more stable and resistant lines from indigenous as well as exotic chickpea germplasm obtained from plant genetic resource institute (pgri), national agricultural research centre, islamabad, pakistan. for the identification and evaluation of chick ...201425017202
retransformation of marker-free potato for enhanced resistance against fungal pathogens by pyramiding chitinase and wasabi defensin genes.multi-auto-transformation vector system has been one of the strategies to produce marker-free transgenic plants without using selective chemicals and plant growth regulators and thus facilitating transgene stacking. in the study reported here, retransformation was carried out in marker-free transgenic potato cv. may queen containing chic gene (isolated from streptomyces griseus strain hut 6037) with wasabi defensin (wd) gene (isolated from wasabia japonica) to pyramid the two disease resistant g ...201424802621
increased resistance to fungal wilts in transgenic eggplant expressing alfalfa glucanase gene.the wilt diseases caused by verticillium dahliae and fusarium oxysporum are the major diseases of eggplant (solanum melongena l.). in order to generate transgenic resistance against the wilt diseases, agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer was performed to introduce alfalfa glucanase gene encoding an acidic glucanase into eggplant using neomycin phosphotransferase (npt-ii) gene as a plant selection marker. the transgene integration into eggplant genome was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (p ...201424757318
a high efficiency gene disruption strategy using a positive-negative split selection marker and electroporation for fusarium oxysporum.the fusarium oxysporum species complex consists of fungal pathogens that cause serial vascular wilt disease on more than 100 cultivated species throughout the world. gene function analysis is rapidly becoming more and more important as the whole-genome sequences of various f. oxysporum strains are being completed. gene-disruption techniques are a common molecular tool for studying gene function, yet are often a limiting step in gene function identification. in this study we have developed a f. o ...201424755311
exserolides a-f, new isocoumarin derivatives from the plant endophytic fungus exserohilum sp.six new isocoumarin derivatives, exserolides a-f (1-6), were isolated from solid cultures of the plant endophytic fungus exserohilum sp., together with four known metabolites (7-10). the structures of 1-6 were elucidated primarily by nmr experiments. the absolute configuration of the c-3 methine carbon in 1-5 was deduced via the circular dichroism data, whereas that of the 1,3-diol moiety in 6 was assigned from the (1)h nmr data of its (r)- and (s)-mtpa diesters. compounds 3 and 9 showed antifun ...201424752143
genome and transcriptome analysis of the fungal pathogen fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense causing banana vascular wilt disease.the asexual fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (foc) causing vascular wilt disease is one of the most devastating pathogens of banana (musa spp.). to understand the molecular underpinning of pathogenicity in foc, the genomes and transcriptomes of two foc isolates were sequenced.201424743270
non-thermal plasma treatment diminishes fungal viability and up-regulates resistance genes in a plant host.reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can have either harmful or beneficial effects on biological systems depending on the dose administered and the species of organism exposed, suggesting that application of reactive species can possibly produce contradictory effects in disease control, pathogen inactivation and activation of host resistance. a novel technology known as atmospheric-pressure non-thermal plasma represents a means of generating various reactive species that adversely affect pathoge ...201424911947
the tomato wilt fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici shares common ancestors with nonpathogenic f. oxysporum isolated from wild tomatoes in the peruvian andes.fusarium oxysporum is an ascomycetous fungus that is well-known as a soilborne plant pathogen. in addition, a large population of nonpathogenic f. oxysporum (npf) inhabits various environmental niches, including the phytosphere. to obtain an insight into the origin of plant pathogenic f. oxysporum, we focused on the tomato (solanum lycopersicum) and its pathogenic f. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (fol). we collected f. oxysporum from wild and transition solanum spp. and modern cultivars of tomato ...201424909710
genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition in the fusarium oxysporum species complex.fusarium oxysporum is an important plant and human pathogenic ascomycetous group, with near ubiquity in agricultural and non-cultivated ecosystems. phylogenetic evidence suggests that f. oxysporum is a complex of multiple morphologically cryptic species. species boundaries and limits of genetic exchange within this complex are poorly defined, largely due to the absence of a sexual state and the paucity of morphological characters. this study determined species boundaries within the f. oxysporum ...201424742832
disseminated fusarium oxysporum neurospinal infection.we report a case of disseminated meningospondylodiscitis in an elderly diabetic patient caused by fusarium oxysporum. as the clinical presentation was nonspecific, the diagnosis of the condition could only be arrived at after laboratory and imaging studies. the diagnosis of the condition requires a high index of suspicion. patient underwent thorough surgical debridement along with a short course of variconazole and remained asymptomatic after 36 months of diagnosis. fusarium is a large genus of ...201424741147
synthesis of gold nanoparticles from different cellular fractions of fusarium oxysporum.the addition of varying concentrations of precursor gold salt to different cellular fractions of fusarium oxysporum, viz., the culture filtrate and the intracellular extract obtained in the growing and resting phase of the cells had a profound influence on the size, shape, and state of aggregation of the nanoparticles. multiply-twinned nanoparticles were obtained when the culture filtrate was used for synthesizing nanoparticles while mostly irregular shapes were obtained with the intracellular e ...201424734569
neuroprotective effects of bikaverin on h2o2-induced oxidative stress mediated neuronal damage in sh-sy5y cell line.the generation of free radicals and oxidative stress has been linked to several neurodegenerative diseases including parkinson's disease, alzheimer's disease, huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. the use of free radical scavenging molecules for the reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species is one of the strategies used in the clinical management of neurodegeneration. fungal secondary metabolism is a rich source of novel molecules with potential bioactivity. in the cu ...201424848007
[features of interaction bacterial strains micrococcus luteus lbk1 from plants varieties/hybrids cucumber and sweet pepper and with fungus fusarium oxysporum scelecht].the article presents the results of studying the impact of bacterial strain m. luteus lbk1, stimulating the growth and development of plant varieties/hybrids of cucumber and sweet pepper on the intensity of sporulation of the fungus f. oxysporum scelecht--fusariose rot pathogen.201424800513
rhizobacterium-mediated growth promotion and expression of stress enzymes in glycine max l. merrill against fusarium wilt upon challenge inoculation.wilt disease of soybean caused by a very common soil-borne fungus, fusarium oxysporum is one of the most destructive diseases of the crop. the aim of the present study was to characterize plant growth-promotion activities and induced resistance of a rhizobacterial strain for the soybean plant against f. oxysporum. rhizobacterium strain sj-5 exhibited plant growth-promotion characteristics and antagonistic activity against the test pathogen on dual plate assay. it was identified as a carnobacteri ...201423933805
phenylpropanoid pathway is potentiated by silicon in the roots of banana plants during the infection process of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense.fusarium wilt, caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, is a disease that causes large reductions in banana yield worldwide. considering the importance of silicon (si) to potentiate the resistance of several plant species to pathogen infection, this study aimed to investigate, at the histochemical level, whether this element could enhance the production of phenolics on the roots of banana plants in response to f. oxysporum f. sp. cubense infection. plants of cultivar maçã, which is susceptib ...201424350769
enhancement of rutin production in fagopyrum tataricum hairy root cultures with its endophytic fungal elicitors.tartary buckwheat (fagopyrum tataricum) is a potentially important source of rutin, a natural bioactive flavonoid with antihyperglycemic, antioxidative, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory properties. this study examines the effects of endophytic fungi on rutin production in the hairy root cultures of f. tataricum. without obvious changes in the appearance of the hairy roots, the exogenous fungal mycelia elicitors efficiently stimulated the hairy root growth and rutin biosynthesis, and the s ...201424279735
synthesis, characterization, and antifungal activity of novel inulin derivatives with chlorinated benzene.a group of novel inulin derivatives containing benzene or chlorinated benzene were synthesized by reaction of chloracetyl inulin (cail) with the schiff bases of 4-amino-pyridine, including (2-pyridyl)acetyl inulin chloride (pail), 2-[4-(2-chlorobenzylideneamino)-pyridyl]acetyl inulin chloride (2cpail), 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzylideneamino)-pyridyl]acetyl inulin chloride (4cpail), and 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorobenzylideneamino)-pyridyl]acetyl inulin chloride (2,4dcpail). their antifungal activity against three ...201424274532
proteomic investigation of response to forl infection in tomato roots.fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (forl) leading to fusarium crown and root rot is considered one of the most destructive tomato soilborne diseases occurring in greenhouse and field crops. in this study, response to forl infection in tomato roots was investigated by differential proteomics in susceptible (monalbo) and resistant (momor) isogenic tomato lines, thus leading to identify 33 proteins whose amount changed depending on the pathogen infection, and/or on the two genotypes. for ...201424262994
characterization of fusarium isolates from asparagus fields in southwestern ontario and influence of soil organic amendments on fusarium crown and root rot.fusarium crown and root rot (fcrr) of asparagus has a complex etiology with several soilborne fusarium spp. as causal agents. ninety-three fusarium isolates, obtained from plant and soil samples collected from commercial asparagus fields in southwestern ontario with a history of fcrr, were identified as fusarium oxysporum (65.5%), f. proliferatum (18.3%), f. solani (6.4%), f. acuminatum (6.4%), and f. redolens (3.2%) based on morphological or cultural characteristics and polymerase chain reactio ...201424261409
spectroscopic and biological approach in the characterization of a novel 14-membered [n4] macrocyclic ligand and its palladium(ii), platinum(ii), ruthenium(iii) and iridium(iii) complexes.a novel, tetradentate nitrogen donor [n4] macrocyclic ligand, i.e. 3,5,14,16-tetramethyl-2,6,13,17-tetraazatricyclo[12,0,0(7-12)] cosa-1(22),2,5,7,9,11,13,16,18,20-decaene(l), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, ir, mass, and (1)h nmr spectral studies. complexes of pd(ii), pt(ii), ru(iii) and ir(iii) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, ir, mass, electronic spectral and thermal ...201424051297
protein extraction and gel-based separation methods to analyze responses to pathogens in carnation (dianthus caryophyllus l).we are currently using a 2-de-based proteomics approach to study plant responses to pathogenic fungi by using the carnation (dianthus caryophyllus l)-fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi pathosystem. it is clear that the protocols for the first stages of a standard proteomics workflow must be optimized to each biological system and objectives of the research. the optimization procedure for the extraction and separation of proteins by 1-de and 2-de in the indicated system is reported. this strategy ...201424136548
long noncoding rnas responsive to fusarium oxysporum infection in arabidopsis thaliana.short noncoding rnas have been demonstrated to play important roles in regulation of gene expression and stress responses, but the repertoire and functions of long noncoding rnas (lncrnas) remain largely unexplored, particularly in plants. to explore the role of lncrnas in disease resistance, we used a strand-specific rna-sequencing approach to identify lncrnas responsive to fusarium oxysporum infection in arabidopsis thaliana. antisense transcription was found in c. 20% of the annotated a. thal ...201424117540
trichoderma asperelloides suppresses nitric oxide generation elicited by fusarium oxysporum in arabidopsis roots.inoculations with saprophytic fungus trichoderma spp. are now extensively used both to promote plant growth and to suppress disease development. the underlying mechanisms for both roles have yet to be fully described so that the use of trichoderma spp. could be optimized. here, we show that trichoderma asperelloides effects include the manipulation of host nitric oxide (no) production. no was rapidly formed in arabidopsis roots in response to the soil-borne necrotrophic pathogen fusarium oxyspor ...201424283937
fusaric acid accelerates the senescence of leaf in banana when infected by fusarium.fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (foc) is a causal agent of vascular wilt and leaf chlorosis of banana plants. chloroses resulting from foc occur first in the lowest leaves of banana seedlings and gradually progress upward. to investigate the responses of different leaf positions to foc infection, hydroponic experiments with foc inoculation were conducted in a greenhouse. fusarium-infected seedlings exhibited a decrease in net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of ...201424282097
optimization and kinetic modeling of cell-associated camptothecin production from an endophytic fusarium oxysporum nfx06.the production of cell-associated camptothecin (cpt) from an endophytic fungus fusarium oxysporum nfx06 isolated from nothapodytes foetida and its kinetics studies were proposed. response surface methodology (rsm) based on central composite design (ccd) was used to construct a model to describe the effects of substrate concentration. three independent variables (dextrose, peptone, and mgso4) were successfully employed to study the yield of cpt under submerged fermentation. the maximum yield of c ...201524840354
toxic influence of silver and uranium salts on activated sludge of wastewater treatment plants and synthetic activated sludge associates modeled on its pure cultures.toxic impact of silver and uranium salts on activated sludge of wastewater treatment facilities has been studied. some dominating cultures (an active nitrogen fixer agrobacterium tumifaciens (a.t) and micromyces such as fusarium nivale, fusarium oxysporum, and penicillium glabrum) have been isolated and identified as a result of selection of the activated sludge microorganisms being steadiest under stressful conditions. for these cultures, the lethal doses of silver amounted 1, 600, 50, and 300  ...201525027236
effect of physicochemical parameters on nitrile-hydrolyzing potentials of newly isolated nitrilase of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopercisi ed-3.in recent years, nitrilases from fungus have received increasing attention, and most of the studies are performed on nitrilases of bacterial origin. frequently used methods are based on analytical methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography; therefore, an efficient, user friendly, and rapid method has been developed to screen nitrilase enzyme based on the principle of color change of a ph indicator. phenol red amended wi ...201524923632
identification and expression analysis of wrky family genes under biotic and abiotic stresses in brassica rapa.wrky proteins constitute one of the largest transcription factor families in higher plants, and they are involved in multiple biological processes such as plant development, metabolism, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. genes of this family have been well documented in response to many abiotic and biotic stresses in many plant species, but not yet against pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and fusarium oxysporum f.sp. conglutinans in any of the plants. moreover, potentiali ...201525149146
hormonal regulation of gummosis and composition of gums from bulbs of hyacinth (hyacinthus orientalis).hyacinth (hyacinthus orientalis) bulbs infected by fusarium oxysporum showed the symptoms of gummosis. the purpose of this study was to clarify the hormonal regulation of gummosis and composition of gums from hyacinth bulbs. the application of ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid), an ethylene-releasing compound, at 2% (w/w, in lanolin) induced gummosis in hyacinth bulbs. methyl jasmonate (ja-me) at 1.5% (w/w, in lanolin) induced gummosis as well. simultaneous application of ja-me and ethephon ...201525462960
purification and characterisation of an antifungal protein, mcha-pr, from the intercellular fluid of bitter gourd (momordica charantia) leaves.an antifungal protein, designated mcha-pr, was isolated from the intercellular fluid of bitter gourd (momordica charantia) leaves during a screen for potent antimicrobial proteins from plants. the isolation procedure involved a combination of extraction, ammonium sulphate precipitation, gel filtration on bio-gel p-6, ion exchange chromatography on cm-sephadex, an additional gel filtration on hiload 16/60 superdex 30, and finally, hplc on a source 5rpc column. matrix-assisted laser desorption/ion ...201525245535
identification of predictor parameters to determine agro-industrial compost suppressiveness against fusarium oxysporum and phytophthora capsici diseases in muskmelon and pepper seedlings.the lack of reliable prediction tools for evaluation of the level and specificity of compost suppressiveness limits its application. in our study, different chemical, biological and microbiological parameters were used to evaluate their potential use as a predictor parameter for the suppressive effect of composts against fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis (fom) and phytophthora capsici (p. capsici) in muskmelon and pepper seedlings respectively. composts were obtained from artichoke sludge, chopp ...201525074864
the importance of chorismate mutase in the biocontrol potential of trichoderma parareesei.species of trichoderma exert direct biocontrol activity against soil-borne plant pathogens due to their ability to compete for nutrients and to inhibit or kill their targets through the production of antibiotics and/or hydrolytic enzymes. in addition to these abilities, trichoderma spp. have beneficial effects for plants, including the stimulation of defenses and the promotion of growth. here we study the role in biocontrol of the t. parareesei tparo7 gene, encoding a chorismate mutase (cm), a s ...201526579090
characterization, expression patterns and functional analysis of the mapk and mapkk genes in watermelon (citrullus lanatus).mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades, which consist of three functionally associated protein kinases, namely mekks, mkks and mpks, are universal signaling modules in all eukaryotes and have been shown to play critical roles in many physiological and biochemical processes in plants. however, little or nothing is known about the mpk and mkk families in watermelon.201526700161
impact of diseases on export and smallholder production of banana.banana (musa spp.) is one of the world's most valuable primary agricultural commodities. exported fruit are key commodities in several producing countries yet make up less than 15% of the total annual output of 145 million metric tons (mmt). transnational exporters market fruit of the cavendish cultivars, which are usually produced in large plantations with fixed infrastructures and high inputs of fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation. in contrast, smallholders grow diverse cultivars, often fo ...201526002290
synergistic action of a metalloprotease and a serine protease from fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici cleaves chitin-binding tomato chitinases, reduces their antifungal activity, and enhances fungal virulence.as part of their defense strategy against fungal pathogens, plants secrete chitinases that degrade chitin, the major structural component of fungal cell walls. some fungi are not sensitive to plant chitinases because they secrete chitin-binding effector proteins that protect their cell wall against these enzymes. however, it is not known how fungal pathogens that lack chitin-binding effectors overcome this plant defense barrier. here, we investigated the ability of fungal tomato pathogens to cle ...201525915453
purification and characterization of a lectin from green split peas (pisum sativum).lectins have captured the attention of a large number of researchers on account of their various exploitable activities, including antitumor, immunomodulatory, antifungal, as well as hiv reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities. a mannose/glucose-specific lectin was isolated from green split peas (a variety of pisum sativum) and characterized. the purification step involved anion-exchange chromatography on a deae-cellulose column, cation-exchange chromatography on an sp-sepharose column, and ...201526304129
isolation and characteristics of protocatechuic acid from paenibacillus elgii hoa73 against botrytis cinerea on strawberry fruits.this study was undertaken to describe purification, identification, and characteristics of protocatechuic acid (pca) isolated for the first time from paenibacillus elgii hoa73 against botrytis cinerea (the cause of gray mold disease on strawberry fruit). pca was purified by different chromatographic techniques and identified as pca (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) by nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. pca displayed potent antifungal activity against b. ci ...201525081931
naturally produced citral can significantly inhibit normal physiology and induce cytotoxicity on magnaporthe grisea.given the importance of finding alternatives to synthetic fungicides, the antifungal effects of natural product citral on six plant pathogenic fungi (magnaporthe grisea, gibberella zeae, fusarium oxysporum, valsa mali, botrytis cinerea, and rhizoctonia solani) were determined. mycelial growth rate results showed that citral possessed high antifungal activities on those test fungi with ec50 values ranging from 39.52 to 193.00 µg/ml, which had the highest inhibition rates against m. grisea. furthe ...201525752425
phylogenic analysis revealed an expanded c₂h₂-homeobox subfamily and expression profiles of c₂h₂ zinc finger gene family in verticillium dahliae.c2h2 zinc finger (czf) proteins are a major class of transcription factors that play crucial roles in fungal growth, development, various stress responses, and virulence. little genome-wide data is available regarding the roles of czf proteins in verticillium dahliae, a destructive pathogen that causes vascular wilt disease in more than 200 plant species. we identified a total of 79 typical czf genes in v. dahliae. comparative analysis revealed that four plant pathogenic fungi, v. dahliae, fusar ...201525725127
pcr-based specific techniques used for detecting the most important pathogens on strawberry: a systematic review.strawberry diseases are a major limiting factor that severely impact plant agronomic performance. regarding limitations of traditional techniques for detection of pathogens, researchers have developed specific dna-based tests as sensitive and specific techniques. the aim of this review is to provide an overview of polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based methods used for detection or quantification of the most widespread strawberry pathogens, such as fusarium oxysporum f.sp. fragariae, phytophthora ...201525588564
the shewanella algae strain ym8 produces volatiles with strong inhibition activity against aspergillus pathogens and aflatoxins.aflatoxigenic aspergillus fungi and associated aflatoxins are ubiquitous in the production and storage of food/feed commodities. controlling these microbes is a challenge. in this study, the shewanella algae strain ym8 was found to produce volatiles that have strong antifungal activity against aspergillus pathogens. gas chromatography-mass spectrometry profiling revealed 15 volatile organic compounds (vocs) emitted from ym8, of which dimethyl trisulfide was the most abundant. we obtained authent ...201526500631
draft genome sequence of broad-spectrum antifungal bacterium burkholderia gladioli strain ngj1, isolated from healthy rice seeds.we report here the draft genome sequence of burkholderia gladioli strain ngj1. the strain was isolated from healthy rice seeds and exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal activity against several agriculturally important pathogens, including rhizoctonia solani, magnaporthe oryzae, venturia inaequalis, and fusarium oxysporum.201526205861
heterologous coexpression of vitreoscilla hemoglobin and bacillus megaterium glucanase in streptomyces lydicus a02 enhanced its production of antifungal metabolites.streptomyces lydicus a02 is a novel producer of commercially important polyene macrocyclic antibiotic natamycin and a potential biocontrol agent to several plant fungal diseases, including wilt caused by fusarium oxysporum f. spp. to improve the natamycin production and the antifungal activity of s. lydicus a02, we coexpressed gene vgb encoding vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vhb) and bglc encoding bacillus megaterium l103 glucanase, both under the control of the strong constitutive erme* promoter, in ...201526453475
diversity and antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from cephalotaxus hainanensis li, a well-known medicinal plant in china.about 1051 endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves, branches, barks and stems of cephalotaxus hainanensis li from four sites in hainan, china. the fungi were identified as 21 genera by morphology and its sequences. one dominant species was phomopsis quercella in hainan tropical botanical garden and bawangling nature reserve, with relative frequency of 42·06 and 34·88% respectively. another dominant species was colletotrichum boninense in wuzhishan and jianfengling nature reserves, with relati ...201526280451
rhizosphere inhibition of cucumber fusarium wilt by different surfactin- excreting strains of bacillus subtilis.bacillus subtilis b006 strain effectively suppresses the cucumber fusarium wilt caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (foc). the population dynamics of foc, strain b006 and its surfactin over-producing mutant b841 and surfactin-deficient mutant b1020, in the rhizosphere were determined under greenhouse conditions to elucidate the importance of the lipopeptides excreted by these strains in suppressing foc. results showed that b. subtilis strain b006 effectively suppressed the disease in ...201526060433
detection and characterization of broad-spectrum antipathogen activity of novel rhizobacterial isolates and suppression of fusarium crown and root rot disease of tomato.to detect and characterize broad-spectrum antipathogen activity of indigenous bacterial isolates obtained from potato soil and soya bean leaves for their potential to be developed as biofungicides to control soilborne diseases such as fusarium crown and root rot of tomato (fcrr) caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (forl).201525512025
plant methyl salicylate induces defense responses in the rhizobacterium bacillus subtilis.bacillus subtilis is a rhizobacterium that promotes plant growth and health. cultivation of b. subtilis with an uprooted weed on solid medium produced pleat-like architectures on colonies near the plant. to test whether plants emit signals that affect b. subtilis colony morphology, we examined the effect of plant-related compounds on colony morphology. bacillus subtilis formed mucoid colonies specifically in response to methyl salicylate, which is a plant-defense signal released in response to p ...201525181478
[effects of continuous application of bio-organic fertilizer on banana production and cultural microflora of bulk soil in orchard with serious disease incidence].a field experiment was conducted for two years to investigate the effects of different fertilization applications on the suppression of banana fusarium wilt disease, crop yield, fruit quality and culturable microflora in a banana orchard which has been monocultured with banana for 12 years and suffered serious banana fusarium wilt disease. the fertilizers included chemical fertilizer (cf), cow manure compost (cm), pig manure compost (pm) and bio-organic fertilizer (bio). the banana soil microflo ...201526094464
lipopeptide biosurfactant from bacillus thuringiensis pak2310: a potential antagonist against fusarium oxysporum.the aims of the study were to evaluate the effects of a biosurfactant obtained from a novel bacillus thuringiensis on fusarium oxysporum to determine the morphological changes in the structure of the fungi and its biofilm in the presence of the biosurfactant and to evaluate the toxicity of the biosurfactant on hep-2 human epithelial cell lines.201525456418
heterologous expression of the antifungal β-chitin binding protein cbp24 from bacillus thuringiensis and its synergistic action with bacterial chitinases.the genome sequence analysis of bacillus thuringiensis serovar konkukian s4 has shown to contain two chitinases (chi74, chi39) and two chitin-binding proteins (cbp50 and cbp24). the chi74, chi39 and cbp50 have been characterized previously. the chitin-binding protein cbp24 was cloned and heterologously expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant protein was purified using a ni-nta purification system. the purified protein was used to study its substrate binding activity using crystalline chit ...201525182053
a novel and effective streptomyces sp. n2 against various phytopathogenic fungi.phytopathogenic fungi would induce a variety of plant diseases, resulting in a severe reduction of agricultural output. however, the current plant disease control is mainly dependent on the environmentally and healthily hazardous chemical fungicides. thus, the present work aimed to isolate an effective antagonistic microorganism against various soilborne phytopathogenic fungi. by dual culture with rhizoctonia solani, a novel streptomyces specie, streptomyces sp. n2, was screened out from a total ...201526306529
identification of volatile compounds produced by the bacterium burkholderia tropica that inhibit the growth of fungal pathogens.it has been documented that bacteria from the burkholderia genera produce different kinds of compounds that inhibit plant pathogens, however in burkholderia tropica, an endophytic diazotrophic and phosphate-solubilizing bacterium isolated from a wide diversity of plants, the capacity to produce antifungal compounds has not been evaluated. in order to expand our knowledge about burkholderia tropica as a potential biological control agent, we analyzed 15 different strains of this bacterium to eval ...201523680857
miltefosine is effective against candida albicans and fusarium oxysporum nail biofilms in vitro.onychomycosis is a fungal nail infection that represents ∼50 % of all nail disease cases worldwide. clinical treatment with standard antifungals frequently requires long-term systemic therapy to avoid chronic disease. onychomycosis caused by non-dermatophyte moulds, such as fusarium spp., and yeasts, such as candida spp., is particularly difficult to treat, possibly due to the formation of drug-resistant fungal biofilms on affected areas. here, we show that the alkylphospholipid miltefosine, use ...201526404553
antimicrobial activity of engineered shrimp ovarian peritrophin fragments from fenneropenaeus merguiensis.shrimp ovarian peritrophin (sop), a major protein in jelly layer and cortical rods, plays a role in egg protection after spawning. previous study, sequence of sop gene from fenneropenaeus merguiensis (fm-sop) was composed of domain a and domain b. the sop domain a contains amino acid sequences between 1-80 of fm-sop. the domain a had six conserved cysteines which have been found in many antimicrobial peptides. the molecular weight of purified rsop-a protein was about 9 kda. the sop domain b cont ...201525159507
comparative functional characterization of a novel benzoate hydroxylase cytochrome p450 of fusarium oxysporum.focyp53a19, a novel cytochrome p450 capable of performing benzoate hydroxylation, was identified and characterized from the ascomycete fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. comparative functional analysis of focyp53a19 with the heterologous and homologous cytochrome p450 reductases (cpr) such as saccharomyces cerevisiae (sccpr), candida albicans (cacpr) and f. oxysporum (focpr) revealed novel catalytic properties. the catalytic efficiency and substrate specificity of focyp53a19 were significantl ...201525659633
different forms of apolipophorin iii in galleria mellonella larvae challenged with bacteria and fungi.apolipophorin iii (apolp-iii), a lipid-binding protein and an insect homolog of human apolipoprotein e, plays an important role in lipid transport and immune response in insects. in the present study, we have demonstrated a correlation in time between changes in the apolp-iii abundance occurring in the hemolymph, hemocytes, and fat body after immunization of galleria mellonella larvae with gram-negative bacteria escherichia coli, gram-positive bacteria micrococcus luteus, yeast candida albicans, ...201525579437
diversity of endophytic fungi in glycine max.endophytic fungi are microorganisms that live within plant tissues without causing disease during part of their life cycle. with the isolation and identification of these fungi, new species are being discovered, and ecological relationships with their hosts have also been studied. in glycine max, limited studies have investigated the isolation and distribution of endophytic fungi throughout leaves and roots. the distribution of these fungi in various plant organs differs in diversity and abundan ...201526111593
a new model of in vitro fungal biofilms formed on human nail fragments allows reliable testing of laser and light therapies against onychomycosis.onychomycoses represent approximately 50 % of all nail diseases worldwide. in warmer and more humid countries like brazil, the incidence of onychomycoses caused by non-dermatophyte molds (ndm, including fusarium spp.) or yeasts (including candida albicans) has been increasing. traditional antifungal treatments used for the dermatophyte-borne disease are less effective against onychomycoses caused by ndm. although some laser and light treatments have demonstrated clinical efficacy against onychom ...201525471266
candida and fusarium species known as opportunistic human pathogens from customer-accessible parts of residential washing machines.energy constraints have altered consumer practice regarding the use of household washing machines. washing machines were developed that use lower washing temperatures, smaller amounts of water and biodegradable detergents. these conditions may favour the enrichment of opportunistic human pathogenic fungi. we focused on the isolation of fungi from two user-accessible parts of washing machines that often contain microbial biofilms: drawers for detergents and rubber door seals. out of 70 residentia ...201525749362
identification of different fusarium spp. in allium spp. in germany.in 2013 allium cepa bulbs from different fields in northern and southern germany, seeds and sets from onion breeders were analysed for infestation with fusarium species. the same investigation was done in 2014 with different edible allium spp. from local markets. different fusarium spp. were isolated and identified by morphological characterisation. 24 different fusarium spp. were identified. the diversity of fusarium spp. and the intensity of infestation was higher on edible bulbs compared to t ...201527141742
comparative analysis of biosynthesised and chemosynthesised silver nanoparticles with special reference to their antibacterial activity against pathogens.the present study reports the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) using both biological and chemical routes to find out the best method for control of their size and activity. the fungal agent (fusarium oxysporum) and the plant (azadirachta indica) were found to be the best source for agnps synthesis. both biosynthesis and chemosynthesis were achieved by challenging filtrate with agno3 (1 mm) solution. the synthesised nanoparticles were characterised by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fo ...201526023154
[identification of pathogens causing root rot disease on ligusticum chuanxiong in sichuan].to identify the pathogens causing root rot disease on ligusticum chuanxiong from the main producing areas in sichuan, and to provide gist of management of this disease in the future.201526495640
clustering of two genes putatively involved in cyanate detoxification evolved recently and independently in multiple fungal lineages.fungi that have the enzymes cyanase and carbonic anhydrase show a limited capacity to detoxify cyanate, a fungicide employed by both plants and humans. here, we describe a novel two-gene cluster that comprises duplicated cyanase and carbonic anhydrase copies, which we name the cca gene cluster, trace its evolution across ascomycetes, and examine the evolutionary dynamics of its spread among lineages of the fusarium oxysporum species complex (hereafter referred to as the fosc), a cosmopolitan cla ...201525663439
structural and functional studies of a fusarium oxysporum cutinase with polyethylene terephthalate modification potential.cutinases are serine hydrolases that degrade cutin, a polyester of fatty acids that is the main component of plant cuticle. these biocatalysts have recently attracted increased biotechnological interest due to their potential to modify and degrade polyethylene terephthalate (pet), as well as other synthetic polymers.201526291558
delftia tsuruhatensis wgr-uom-bt1, a novel rhizobacterium with pgpr properties from rauwolfia serpentina (l.) benth. ex kurz also suppresses fungal phytopathogens by producing a new antibiotic-amtm.the bacterial strain designated as wgr-uom-bt1 isolated from rhizosphere of rauwolfia serpentina exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal activity and also improved early plant growth. based on morphological, biochemical and 16s rrna gene sequence analyses, the strain bt1 was identified as delftia tsuruhatensis (kf727978). under in vitro conditions, the strain bt1 suppressed the growth of wide range of fungal phytopathogens. purified antimicrobial metabolite from the strain bt1 was identified as nitr ...201526258398
manganese lipoxygenase of f. oxysporum and the structural basis for biosynthesis of distinct 11-hydroperoxy stereoisomers.the biosynthesis of jasmonates in plants is initiated by 13s-lipoxygenase (lox), but details of jasmonate biosynthesis by fungi, including fusarium oxysporum, are unknown. the genome of f. oxysporum codes for linoleate 13s-lox (foxlox) and for f. oxysporum manganese lox (fo-mnlox), an uncharacterized homolog of 13r-mnlox of gaeumannomyces graminis. we expressed fo-mnlox and compared its properties to cg-mnlox from colletotrichum gloeosporioides. electron paramagnetic resonance and metal analysis ...201526113537
in vitro assessment of extracts of the lingzhi or reishi medicinal mushroom, ganoderma lucidum (higher basidiomycetes) against different plant pathogenic fungi.five isolates of the lingzhi or reishi medicinal mushroom ganoderma lucidum (gl-1, gl-2, gl-3, gl-4, gl-5) were collected from different locations within and surrounding lahore, pakistan, to study the antifungal potential of their bioactive compounds. after studying morphology, different concentrations of the extracts were prepared in methanol and water using a soxhlet extractor. different cultures of fungal pathogens were acquired from the first fungal culture bank of pakistan, university of th ...201525954966
transcriptome profiling of soybean (glycine max) roots challenged with pathogenic and non-pathogenic isolates of fusarium oxysporum.fusarium oxysporum is one of the most common fungal pathogens causing soybean root rot and seedling blight in u.s.a. in a recent study, significant variation in aggressiveness was observed among isolates of f. oxysporum collected from roots in iowa, ranging from highly pathogenic to weakly or non-pathogenic isolates.201526689712
[screening probiotic endophytic bacteria from medicinal plant flex cornuta and the phytopathogen-inhibiting effect].culturable endophytic bacteria were isolated from medicinal plant ilex cornuta by plate-spreading method, strains with strong inhibitory effect on phytopathogen were screened by confrontation culture and fermentation filtrate culture methods, and the morphological changes of phytopathogen hyphae treated with endophytic bacteria were examined by microscopy and micrograph. their phylogenetic relationships were determined by homology analysis of the 16s rdna sequences of pcr products and the taxono ...201526571677
combining uv-c treatment with biocontrol yeast to control postharvest decay of melon.significant losses in harvested melon can be directly attributable to decay fungi. in the present study, the use of uv-c treatment combined with biocontrol yeast, pichia cecembensis, was evaluated for their ability to control postharvest decay of melon fruits after they were artificially inoculated with fusarium oxysporum and alternaria alternata. natural infection of fruit was also assessed. as a stand-alone treatment, uv-c or p. cecembensis significantly reduced fusarium rot and alternaria rot ...201525976334
identification and characterization of an antifungal protein, afafpr9, produced by marine-derived aspergillus fumigatus r9.a fungal strain, r9, was isolated from the south atlantic sediment sample and identified as aspergillus fumigatus. an antifungal protein, afafpr9, was purified from the culture supernatant of aspergillus fumigatus r9. afafpr9 was identified to be restrictocin, which is a member of the ribosome-inactivating proteins (rips), by maldi-tof-tof-ms. afafpr9 displayed antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fusarium oxysporum, alternaria longipes, colletotrichum gloeosporioides, paecilomyces vario ...201525394604
fungal endophyte diversity and bioactivity in the indian medicinal plant ocimum sanctum linn.endophytic mycopopulation isolated from india's queen of herbs tulsi (ocimum sanctum) were explored and investigated for their diversity and antiphytopathogenic activity against widespread plant pathogens botrytis cinerea, sclerotinia sclerotiorum, rhizoctonia solani and fusarium oxysporum. 90 fungal isolates, representing 17 genera were recovered from 313 disease-free and surface sterilised plant segments (leaf and stem tissues) from three different geographic locations (delhi, hyderabad and mu ...201526529087
[antifungal effect of phenolic and carotenoids extracts from chiltepin (capsicum annum var. glabriusculum) on alternaria alternata and fusarium oxysporum].the effect of phenolic and carotenoid extracts from chiltepin fruits on mycelial growth and the inhibition of conidial germination of alternaria alternata and fusarium oxysporum were investigated in the present work. phenolic extracts inhibited mycelial growth of a.alternata by 38.46%, and significantly reduced conidial germination on the fifth day after treatment to 92% in relation to control. no significant changes were observed in the inhibition of mycelial growth in fusarium oxysporum; howev ...201525705046
diversity of food-borne bacillus volatile compounds and influence on fungal growth.to evaluate the antifungal activity of the volatile organic compounds (vocs) produced by 75 different food-borne bacillus species against aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus parasiticus, aspergillus clavatus, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae and moniliophthora perniciosa and to determine the vocs responsible for the inhibition.201525989039
in-vitro assessment of the probiotic potential of lactobacillus plantarum kcc-24 isolated from italian rye-grass (lolium multiflorum) forage.the aim of the present study was to determine the probiotic potential of the lactic acid bacteria lactobacillus plantarum kcc-24 (l. plantarum kcc-24), that was isolated and characterized from italian ryegrass (lolium multiflorum) forage. the following experiments were performed to assess the probiotic characteristics such as antifungal activity, antibiotic susceptibility, resistance to low ph, stimulated gastric juice and bile salts, proteolytic activity, auto-aggregation, cell surface hydropho ...201525576238
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