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convenient enzymatic resolution of (r,s)-2-methylbutyric acid catalyzed by immobilized lipases.the application of several immobilized lipases has been explored in the enantioselective esterification of (r,s)-2-methylbutyric acid, an insect pheromone precursor. with the use of candida antarctica b, using hexane as solvent, (r)-pentyl 2-methylbutyrate was prepared in 2 h with c 40%, eep 90%, and e = 35, while thermomyces lanuginosus leads to c 18%, eep 91%, and e = 26. the (s)-enantiomer was obtained by the use of candida rugosa or rhizopus oryzae (2-h reaction, c 34% and 35%, eep 75 and 49 ...201829083057
scalable fabrication of sulfated silk fibroin nanofibrous membranes for efficient lipase adsorption and recovery.fabricating adsorptive materials for fast and high efficient adsorption of enzymes is critical to match the great demands for separation and recovery of enzymes used as biocatalysts. however, it has proven extremely challenging. here, we report a cost-effective strategy to construct the sulfated group surface-functionalized silk fibroin nanofibrous membranes (ss-sfnm) under mild conditions for positively charged candida rugosa lipase adsorption. the naturally abundant silk is thus reconstructed ...201829339287
immobilization of enzymes on a phospholipid bionically modified polysulfone gradient-pore membrane for the enhanced performance of enzymatic membrane bioreactors.enzymatic membrane bioreactors (embrs), with synergistic catalysis-separation performance, have increasingly been used for practical applications. generally, the membrane properties, particularly the pore structures and interface interactions, have a significant impact on the catalytic efficiency of the embr. therefore, a biomimetic interface based on a phospholipid assembled onto a polysulfone hollow-fiber membrane with perfect radial gradient pores (rgm-psf) has been prepared in this work to c ...201829324678
enhancement of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid glycerides in sardine oil by a bioimprinted cross-linked candida rugosa lipase.considering the advantages of bioimprinting and carrier free immobilization, cross-linked enzyme aggregates (clea) were prepared by using bioimprinted candida rugosa lipase (crl) with bovine serum albumin (bsa), polyethyleneimine and glutaraldehyde. effect of various factors such as crl-oleic acid ratio, crl-bsa ratio, crl- polyethyleneimine ratio, glutaraldehyde loading, cross-linking time etc., on lipase activity recovery and aggregate yield were studied and optimized. this immobilized lipase ...201829310852
application of commercial and non-commercial immobilized lipases for biocatalytic production of ethyl lactate in organic solvents.this study explores the potential for enhancing the production of ethyl lactate (el), a green solvent, through enzymatic esterification. different solvents were compared as organic media for conversion of lactate and ethanol into el, catalyzed by novozym 435. chloroform and hexane were the most effective in low acid concentrations (0.01-0.1m) exhibiting maximum el yields of 88% and 75% respectively. the yield of el improved as the solvent's logp increased up to a value of 2. non-commercial immob ...201828968571
enzymatic synthesis of phytosteryl lipoate and its antioxidant properties.in this work, an enzymatic route for synthesizing phytosteryl lipoate was successfully set up for the first time. the structure of final product phytosteryl lipoate was determined by fourier transform infrared (ftir), mass spectrometry (ms) and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr). the maximum conversion of 71.2% was achieved when the following conditions were employed: 150mmol/l phytosterol, 1: 2.5m ratio of phytosterol to lipoic acid, 10g/l of 4å molecular sieves and 60g/l candida rugosa in 2-meth ...201828946336
immobilization of lipase on carboxylic acid-modified silica nanoparticles for olive oil glycerolysis.in this study, the silica nanoparticles surface was modified by carboxylic acid with different number of alkyl chain and two different lipases were immobilized on it to increase the glycerolysis activity of the immobilized lipases in organic solvent system. silica nanoparticles of about 15 nm diameter were grafted with various carboxylic acid modifiers from valeric, caprylic, capric, lauric, stearic and oleic acids. lipases from candida antarctica and candida rugosa were immobilized onto the car ...201829043450
lc-pda/apciitms identification of algal carotenoid and oxysterol precursors to fatty acid esters in hydrolyzed extracts of the freshwater mussel dreissena bugensis.carotenyl fatty acid esters (carotenyl-faes) were extracted in acetone from freeze-dried dreissena bugensis (lakes erie and ontario) and hydrolyzed to identify the carotenoid precursors. analysis by liquid chromatography (lc) with photodiode array (pda) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-ion trap mass spectrometry (apciitms) revealed the major hydrolysis products: fucoxanthinol (foh) from fucoxanthin (fx, diatoms); mactraxanthin (mx) from violaxanthin (vx, chlorophytes); 4-fold higher ...201729030666
lipase catalyzed transesterification of ethyl butyrate synthesis in n-hexane- a kinetic study.kinetics of lipase catalyzed transesterification of ethyl caprate and butyric acid was investigated. the objective of this work was to propose a reaction mechanism and develop a rate equation for the synthesis of ethyl butyrate by transesterification using surfactant coated lipase from candida rugosa. the reaction rate could be described in terms of michaelis-menten equation with a ping-pong bi-bi mechanism and competitive inhibition by both the substrates. the values of kinetic parameters compu ...201728928527
structure and properties of oil palm-based nanocellulose reinforced chitosan nanocomposite for efficient synthesis of butyl butyrate.in this study, nanocellulose (nc) was successfully extracted from oil palm frond leaves (opfl) using a combination of bleaching, alkaline treatment and acid hydrolysis. x-ray diffractogram revealed the extracted nc was crystalline with a crystallinity index of 70.2%. this indicates its suitability as nano-fillers for preparing the chitosan/nanocellulose (cs-nc) supports to immobilize candida rugosa lipase (crl) to produce the crl/cs-nc biocatalysts. ftir, fesem and tga characterizations of the c ...201728927609
an improved enzymatic indirect method for simultaneous determinations of 3-mcpd esters and glycidyl esters in fish oils.the enzymatic indirect method for simultaneous determinations of 3-chloro-1, 2-propanediol fatty acid esters (3-mcpd-es) and glycidyl fatty acid esters (gly-es) make use of lipase from candida cylindracea (previously referred to as c. rugosa). because of low substrate specificity of the lipase for esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa), such as docosahexaenoic acid (dha) and eicosapentaenoic acid (epa), fish oils high in pufas are currently excluded from the range of application of the met ...201728924085
effects of triton x-100 and peg on the catalytic properties and thermal stability of lipase from candida rugosa free and immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose.candida rugosa lipase (crl) shows a very low alkaline stability that comprises its immobilization on glyoxyl-agarose, which requires ph above 10. in this way, an adaptation from the original method was used; an enzyme solution at ph 7 was slowly added at a suspension of glyoxyl-agarose prepared in bicarbonate buffer, ph 10. this change of protocol was enough for allowing the preparation of derivatives actives of crl on glyoxyl-agarose and verifying the effect of this modified procedure on the pr ...201729290831
antibacterial activity of free fatty acids from hydrolyzed virgin coconut oil using lipase from candida rugosa.free fatty acids (ffas) were obtained from hydrolyzed virgin coconut oil (vco) by candida rugosa lipase (crl). four factors' influence on hydrolysis degree (hd) was examined. the best hydrolysis conditions in order to get the highest hd value were determined at vco to buffer ratio 1 : 5 (w/w), crl concentration 1.5% (w/w oil), ph 7, and temperature 40°c. after 16 hours' reaction, the hd value achieved 79.64%. ffas and residual hydrolyzed virgin coconut oil (hvco) were isolated from the hydrolysi ...201729259829
interaction of a digestive protease, candida rugosa lipase, with three surfactants investigated by spectroscopy, molecular docking and enzyme activity assay.the extensive use of surfactants in food, laundry products and agriculture has caused concern about their biosafety. however, few studies have been done on their potential effect on the lipase which has always been used with surfactants in food and laundry industry. herein, we investigated the interaction of three surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (sdbs), sodium lauryl sulfonate (sls)) with candida rugosa lipase (crl), which is a popular biocatalyst used ...201729220758
frozen microemulsions for maple immobilization of lipase.candida rugosa lipase (crl) was deposited by matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (maple) in order to immobilize the enzyme with a preserved native conformation, which ensures its catalytic functionality. for this purpose, the composition of the maple target was optimized by adding the oil phase pentane to a water solution of the amino acid 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl-l-alanine (m-dopa), giving a target formed by a frozen water-lipase-pentane microemulsion. fourier transform infrared (f ...201729206163
production of phytosteryl ester from echium oil in a recirculating packed bed reactor using an immobilized lipase.the synthesis of phytosteryl ester via the lipase-catalyzed esterification of phytosterol with fatty acid from echium oil was performed in a recirculating packed bed reactor. a commercial lipase from candida rugosa was immobilized and then used to optimize the reaction conditions for the synthesis of the phytosteryl ester. the parameters investigated were temperature, molar ratio of phytosterol to fatty acid, retention time, and amount of solvent. the optimum conditions were determined as the te ...201729129897
emerging multidrug-resistant candida species.to describe the epidemiology, strategies for early detection, and clinical management of infections caused by the most commonly found multidrug-resistant (mdr) candida spp.201729095200
an improved amperometric triglyceride biosensor based on co-immobilization of nanoparticles of lipase, glycerol kinase and glycerol 3-phosphate oxidase onto pencil graphite electrode.nanoparticles (nps) of commercial lipase from candida rugosa, of glycerol kinase (gk) from cellulomonas species, of glycerol-3- phosphate oxidase (gpo) from aerococcus viridans were prepared, characterized and co-immobilized onto a pencil graphite (pg) electrode. the morphological and electrochemical characterization of pg electrode was performed by scanning electron microscopy (sem), cyclic voltammetry (cv) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (eis) before and after co-immobilization of e ...201728284306
utilization of size polymorphism in its1 and its2 regions for identification of pathogenic yeast species.despite the existence of a variety of available yeast-identification strategies, easier and more cost-effective methods are required for routine use in clinical laboratories. the internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of fungal rrna genes exhibit variable sizes depending on the yeast species. in the present study, fragment size polymorphism (fsp) analysis of the its1 and its2 regions for identification of the clinically most important yeast species was assessed.201728260588
utilization of size polymorphism in its1 and its2 regions for identification of pathogenic yeast species.despite the existence of a variety of available yeast identification strategies, easier and more cost-effective methods are required for routine use in clinical laboratories. the internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of fungal rrna genes exhibit variable sizes depending on the yeast species. in the present study, fragment size polymorphism (fsp) analysis of the its1 and its2 regions for identification of the clinically most important yeast species was assessed. the its1 and its2 regions of 1 ...201728068213
ultrasonic enhancement of lipase-catalysed transesterification for biodiesel synthesis.the production of biodiesel was carried out from canola oil and methanol catalysed by lipase from candida rugosa under different ultrasonic experimental conditions using horn (20khz) and plate (22, 44, 98 and 300khz) transducers. the effects of experimental conditions such as horn tip diameter, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic frequency and enzyme concentrations on biodiesel yield were investigated. the results showed that the application of ultrasound decreased the reaction time from 22-24h to 1.5h ...201727773250
synthesis of medium-chain length capsinoids from coconut oil catalyzed by candida rugosa lipases.a commercial preparation of candida rugosa lipases (crl) was tested for the production of capsinoids by esterification of vanillyl alcohol (va) with free fatty acids (fa) and coconut oil (co) as acyl donors. screening of fa chain length indicated that c8-c12 fa (the most common fa found in co triglycerides) are the best acyl-donors, yielding 80-85% of their specific capsinoids. hence, when co, which is rich in these fa, was used as the substrate, a mixture of capsinoids (vanillyl caprylate, vani ...201727719942
physical and covalent immobilization of lipase onto amine groups bearing thiol-ene photocured coatings.in this study, amine groups containing thiol-ene photocurable coating material for lipase immobilization were prepared. lipase (ec 3.1.1.3) from candida rugosa was immobilized onto the photocured coatings by physical adsorption and glutaraldehyde-activated covalent bonding methods, respectively. the catalytic efficiency of the immobilized and free enzymes was determined for the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl palmitate and also for the synthesis of p-nitrophenyl linoleate. the storage stability and ...201727704477
preparation of biodiesel with liquid synergetic lipases from rapeseed oil deodorizer distillate.to reduce industrial production cost, cheap and easily available rapeseed oil deodorizer distillates were used as feedstock to prepare biodiesel in this study. as a result, liquid forms of candida rugosa lipase and rhizopus oryzae lipase (rol) were functioned as new and effective catalysts with biodiesel yield of 92.63% for 30 h and 94.36% for 9 h, respectively. furthermore, the synergetic effect between the two lipases was employed to enhance biodiesel yield with a result of 98.16% in 6 h under ...201728353044
covalent immobilization of lipase onto aminopropyl-functionalized hydroxyapatite-encapsulated-γ-fe2o3 nanoparticles: a magnetic biocatalyst for interesterification of soybean oil.hydroxyapatite-encapsulated γ-fe2o3 nanoparticles were prepared, and lipase from candida rugosa was then covalently bound onto the magnetic materials via covalent linkages. the magnetic carrier and immobilized lipase were characterized by enzyme activity assays, xrd, ft-ir, tem, vsm and n2 adsorption-desorption techniques. results demonstrated that γ-fe2o3 nanoparticles were coated with the hydroxyapatite, and the lipase was indeed tethered to the magnetic carriers without damage to their struct ...201728274449
investigation of deactivation thermodynamics of lipase immobilized on polymeric carrier.in the present work, we have investigated biochemical thermo-kinetic stability of lipases immobilized on a biocompatible polymeric material. immobilization of lipase candida rugosa (crl) was carried out on biocompatible blend of poly vinyl alcohol (pva) and chitosan (chy) support via entrapment and glutardehyde (glu) cross-linking method to produce pva:chy:crl and pva:chy:glu:crl as robust biocatalyst. these immobilized lipases were characterized by various physico-biochemical characterization t ...201728265745
regio-selective lipase catalyzed hydrolysis of oxanorbornane-based sugar-like amphiphiles at air-water interface: a polarized ft-irras study.interfacial hydrolysis of oxanorbornane-based amphiphile (triol c16) by candida rugosa lipase was investigated using real-time polarized fourier transform-infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (ft-irras). the kinetics of hydrolysis was studied by analyzing the ester carbonyl ν(co) stretching vibration band across the two dimensional (2d) array of molecules at the confined interface. in particular, we demonstrate triol c16 to form michaelis-menten type complex, like that of lipid-substrate ...201728235449
co-immobilization of enzymes and magnetic nanoparticles by metal-nucleotide hydrogelnanofibers for improving stability and recycling.in this paper we report a facile method for preparing co-immobilized enzyme and magnetic nanoparticles (mnps) using metal coordinated hydrogel nanofibers. candida rugosa lipase (crl) was selected as guest protein. for good aqueous dispersity, low price and other unique properties, citric acid-modified magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (ca-fe₃o₄ nps) have been widely used for immobilizing enzymes. as a result, the relative activity of ca-fe₃o₄@zn/amp nanofiber-immobilized crl increased by 8-fold ...201728125003
evolutionary history of versatile-lipases from agaricales through reconstruction of ancestral structures.fungal "versatile carboxylic ester hydrolases" are enzymes with great biotechnological interest. here we carried out a bioinformatic screening to find these proteins in genomes from agaricales, by means of searching for conserved motifs, sequence and phylogenetic analysis, and three-dimensional modeling. moreover, we reconstructed the molecular evolution of these enzymes along the time by inferring and analyzing the sequence of ancestral intermediate forms.201728049436
screening of invasive fungal infections by a real-time panfungal (pan-acf) polymerase chain reaction assay in patients with haematological malignancy.invasive fungal infection (ifi) is a fatal infection in haematology patients. there is an urgent need for reliable screening methods facilitating timely diagnosis and treatment. a real-time panfungal polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay based on taqman technology targeting 18s ribosomal rna gene was used to screen whole blood specimen obtained from series of haematology malignancy patients for ifis.201728303817
pigeons and their droppings as reservoirs of candida and other zoonotic yeasts.the importance of pigeons as reservoirs and carriers of cryptococcus neoformans and other species of this genus is well-known; however, less is known about their role as reservoirs and carriers of other yeasts that impact public health.201728720316
denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of bacteria from the saliva of twenty four different individuals form clusters that showed no relationship to the yeasts present.the aim was to investigate the relationship between groups of bacteria identified by cluster analysis of the dgge fingerprints and the amounts and diversity of yeast present.201728577425
a reverse micelle strategy for fabricating magnetic lipase-immobilized nanoparticles with robust enzymatic activity.enzyme-immobilized nanoparticles that are both catalysis effective and recyclable would have wide applications ranging from bioengineering and food industry to environmental fields; however, creating such materials has proven extremely challenging. herein, we present a scalable methodology to create candida rugosa lipase-immobilized magnetic nanoparticles (l-mnps) by the combination of nonionic reverse micelle method and fe3o4 nanoparticles. our approach causes the naturally abundant and sustain ...201728852219
new heterofunctional supports based on glutaraldehyde-activation: a tool for enzyme immobilization at neutral ph.immobilization is an exciting alternative to improve the stability of enzymatic processes. however, part of the applied covalent strategies for immobilization uses specific conditions, generally alkaline ph, where some enzymes are not stable. here, a new generation of heterofunctional supports with application at neutral ph conditions was proposed. new supports were developed with different bifunctional groups (i.e., hydrophobic or carboxylic/metal) capable of adsorbing biocatalysts at different ...201728788435
development and optimization of a new chemoenzymatic approach for the synthesis of peracetylated lactosamine (intermediate for the synthesis of pharmacologically active compounds) monitored by rp- hplc method.purpose: to describe a chemoenzymatic approach joining an enzymatic regioselective hydrolysis of peracetylated n-acetyl-α-d-glucosamine (a) with a mild controlled acyl relocation which resulted 2-acetamido-2 deoxy-1,3,6-tri-o-acetyl-α-d-glucopyranose (1b). methods: immobilization of lipase on decaoctyl (dseod) and octyl-agarose (oscl) was carried out as reported by the work of bastida et al. the newly developed rp-hplc method for examining the enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out isocratically u ...201728761834
preparation of glutaraldehyde-treated lipase-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers and their catalytic performance as immobilized enzymes.the use of protein-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers for the immobilization of enzymes has received a significant degree of attention owing to their capability to retain high enzymatic activity and stability. however, the relative lack of reusability due to the weakness of the flower-like structure has limited their practical applications. herein, we have developed a simple but efficient method to synthesize highly robust enzyme-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers, which relies on further crosslinking of th ...201728756857
preparation of carriers based on zno nanoparticles decorated on graphene oxide (go) nanosheets for efficient immobilization of lipase from candida rugosa.herein, a promising carrier, graphene oxide (go) decorated with zno nanoparticles, denoted as go/zno composite, has been designed and constructed. this carrier was characterized by x-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. then, candida rugosa lipase (crl) was immobilized onto the go-based materials via physical adsorption. our results indicated that the lipase loading amount on the go/zno composites was about 73.52 mg o ...201728753931
chemoenzymatic synthesis of optically active phenolic 3,4-dihydropyridin-2-ones: a way to access enantioenriched 1,4-dihydropyridine and benzodiazepine derivatives.a chemoenzymatic approach for the synthesis of optically active 4-(3-acetoxyphenyl)-5-(alkoxycarbonyl)-6-methyl-3,4-dihydropyridin-2-ones (3,4-dhp-2-ones) and their hydroxyphenyl derivatives has been developed, the key step being a candida rugosa lipase (crl)-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction. as a result, different optically active 3,4-dhp-2-ones have been prepared with very high enantiomeric excesses (ee = 94-99%) and good yields. the enantioenriched 3,4-dhp-2-ones have easily been converted into ...201728590004
synthesis of fibrous and non-fibrous mesoporous silica magnetic yolk-shell microspheres as recyclable supports for immobilization of candida rugosa lipase.the mesoporous yolk-shell nanoparticles (mysns), with a movable fe3o4 core inside the hollow capsules, with two different morphologies (1) fe3o4@sio2@hollow@fibrous sio2 (yolk shell-1) (2) fe3o4@sio2@hollow@mesoporoussio2 (yolk shell-2) were fabricated as carriers for candida rugosa lipase (crl) immobilization, through a template-assistant selectively etching method. firstly the hydrophilic fe3o4 nanoparticles were synthesized according to the solvothermal method. then, sio2 shell was coated on ...201728554384
comparison of enzymatic hydrolysis in a centrifugal partition chromatograph and stirred tank reactor.recently the centrifugal partition chromatography (cpc) device is investigated as a reactor for biocatalytic reactions, as it enables biocatalyst immobilization without solid support and continuous operation of biphasic reaction systems. however, a detailed determination of the enzymes behavior in the cpc reactor and comparison to a classical stirred tank reactor (str) for biphasic enzyme catalysis is not shown yet. in this study, the performance of an enzymatic biphasic hydrolysis reaction usin ...201728506497
enantioselective resolution of racemic flurbiprofen methyl ester by lipase encapsulated mercapto calix[4]arenes capped fe3o4 nanoparticles.this work presents the synthesis of new mercapto calix[4]arenes derivatives (4 and 5). these derivatives were capped on fe3o4 magnetic nanoparticles and subsequently encapsulated with candida rugosa through sol-gel method to furnish enc-4 and enc-5, respectively, to enhance catalytic activity and enantioselectivity of lipase for hydrolysis reaction of racemic flurbiprofen methyl ester. catalytic activity and enantioselectivity of enc-4 and enc-5 were assayed at different ph and temperature condi ...201728488138
enzymatic kinetic resolution of racemic ibuprofen: past, present and future.this review is a journey concerning the investigations of the kinetic resolution of racemic ibuprofen for the last 20 years. the relevancy of the pharmacological uses of the s( + ) enantiomer along with its higher cost compared with racemic profen are the driving forces of a variety of scientific research studies addressing the enzymatic resolution of ibuprofen through enantiomeric esterification using lipases as biocatalysts. lipases of fungal sources such as candida rugosa, rhizomucor miehei a ...201626121932
development of a novel immobilization method by using microgels to keep enzyme in hydrated microenvironment in porous hydrophobic membranes.using colloidal polyacrylamide (paam) microgels as carriers, a novel strategy for covalent immobilization of enzymes maintained in hydrated microenvironment on/in a macroporous surface-functionalized hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (pvdf) membrane is developed. the paam microgels are synthesized by inverse miniemulsion polymerization, and first the parameters are investigated which are suited to obtain particles in the desired size range, 100-200 nm, with narrow size distribution. amino func ...201628026147
collagen-immobilized lipases show good activity and reusability for butyl butyrate synthesis.candida rugosa lipases were immobilized onto collagen fibers through glutaraldehyde cross-linking method. the immobilization process has been optimized. under the optimal immobilization conditions, the activity of the collagen-immobilized lipase reached 340 u/g. the activity was recovered of 28.3 % by immobilization. the operational stability of the obtained collagen-immobilized lipase for hydrolysis of olive oil emulsion was determined. the collagen-immobilized lipase showed good tolerance to t ...201627188972
highly productive and enantioselective enzyme catalysis under continuous supported liquid-liquid conditions using a hybrid monolithic bioreactor.enzyme-containing ionic liquids (ils) were immobilized in cellulose-2.5-acetate microbeads particles embedded in a porous monolithic polyurethane matrix. this bioreactor was used under continuous liquid-liquid conditions by dissolving the substrates in a nonpolar organic phase immiscible with the ils, thereby creating a biphasic system. lipases (candida antarctica lipase b, calb, candida rugosa lipase, crl) were used to catalyze the enantioselective transesterification of racemic (r,s)-1-phenyle ...201627650312
production and optimization of biodiesel using mixed immobilized biocatalysts in packed bed reactor.vegetable oils are used as raw materials for biodiesel production using transesterification reaction. several methods for the production of biodiesel were developed using chemical (alkali and acidic compounds) and biological catalysts (lipases). biodiesel production catalyzed by lipases is energy and cost-saving processes and is carried out at normal temperature and pressure. the need for an efficient method for screening larger number of variables has led to the adoption of statistical experime ...201625940482
a general and efficient strategy for generating the stable enzymes.the local flexibility of an enzyme's active center plays pivotal roles in catalysis, however, little is known about how the flexibility of these flexible residues affects stability. in this study, we proposed an active center stabilization (acs) strategy to improve the kinetic thermostability of candida rugosa lipase1. based on the b-factor ranking at the region ~10 å within the catalytic ser209, 18 residues were selected for site-saturation mutagenesis. based on three-tier high-throughput scree ...201627667190
deciphering the toxicity of bisphenol a to candida rugosa lipase through spectrophotometric methods.bisphenol a is widely used in the manufacture of food packaging and beverage containers and can invade our food and cause contamination. candida rugose lipase has been a versatile enzyme for biocatalysis and biotransformations to produce useful materials for food, pharmaceutical and flavor. the interactions between bisphenol a and candida rugosa lipase in vitro were studied by uv-vis, steady-state fluorescence, circular dichroism, synchronous fluorescence, light scattering spectra, molecular doc ...201627529468
efficacy of echinocandins against murine infections by diutina (candida) rugosa.echinocandins are recommended as a first-line therapy for invasive candidiasis. candida rugosa was recently transferred to the new genus diutina. we have determined the in vitro killing kinetics of two echinocandins, anidulafungin, and caspofungin and their in vivo efficacy, administering doses of 5 or 10 mg/kg, and 1 or 5 mg/kg, respectively against 2 clinical strains of d. rugosa. both drugs showed a fungicidal concentration-dependent activity and, in a neutropenic murine model of disseminated ...201627342787
collaborative study of an indirect enzymatic method for the simultaneous analysis of 3-mcpd, 2-mcpd, and glycidyl esters in edible oils.a collaborative study was conducted to evaluate an indirect enzymatic method for the analysis of fatty acid esters of 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol (3-mcpd), 2-monochloro-1,3-propanediol (2-mcpd), and glycidol (gly) in edible oils and fats. the method is characterized by the use of candida rugosa lipase, which hydrolyzes the esters at room temperature in 30 min. hydrolysis and bromination steps convert esters of 3-mcpd, 2-mcpd, and glycidol to free 3-mcpd, 2-mcpd, and 3-monobromo-1,2-propanediol, ...201627321120
composite particles formed by complexation of poly(methacrylic acid) - stabilized magnetic fluid with chitosan: magnetic material for bioapplications.a simple procedure for the synthesis of magnetic fluid (ferrofluid) stabilized by poly(methacrylic acid) has been developed. this ferrofluid was used to prepare a novel type of magnetically responsive chitosan-based composite material. both ferrofluid and magnetic chitosan composite were characterized by a combination of microscopy (optical microscopy, tem, sem), scattering (static and dynamic light scattering, sans) and spectroscopy (ftir) techniques. magnetic chitosan was found to be a perspec ...201627287146
production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid via the propionyl-coa pathway using recombinant escherichia coli strains.our study aimed to produce the commercially promising platform chemical 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-hp) via the propionyl-coa pathway in genetically engineered escherichia coli. recombinant e. coli ec-p overexpressing propionyl-coa dehydrogenase (pacd, encoded by the pacd gene from candida rugosa) under the t7 promoter produced 1.33 mm of 3-hp in a shake flask culture supplemented with 0.5% propionate. when propionate coa-transferase (pct, encoded by the pct gene from megasphaera elsdenii) and 3- ...201627227837
reversible immobilization of lipases on heterofunctional octyl-amino agarose beads prevents enzyme desorption.two different heterofunctional octyl-amino supports have been prepared using ethylenediamine and hexylendiamine (oceda and ochda) and utilized to immobilize five lipases (lipases a (cala) and b (calb) from candida antarctica, lipases from thermomyces lanuginosus (tll), from rhizomucor miehei (rml) and from candida rugosa (crl) and the phospholipase lecitase ultra (lu). using ph 5 and 50 mm sodium acetate, the immobilizations proceeded via interfacial activation on the octyl layer, after some ion ...201627196882
[structure and activity of fungal lipases in bile salt solutions].the changes in structure and catalytic properties of fungal lipases (candida rugosa, rhizomucor miehei, mucor javanicus) were investigated in micellar solutions of bile salts that differ in hydrophilic-lypophilic balance and reaction medium properties. the methods of circular dichroism and tryptophan fluorescence were applied to estimate the changes in peptide structure within complexes with bile salt micelles. bile salts do not exert a significant influence on the structure of the enzymes under ...201627192825
structural traits and catalytic versatility of the lipases from the candida rugosa-like family: a review.lipases and sterol esterases are enzymes with broad biotechnological applications, which catalyze the hydrolysis or synthesis of long-chain acylglycerols and sterol esters, respectively. in this paper, we review the current knowledge on the so-called candida rugosa-like family of enzymes, whose members display in most cases affinity against the two substrates mentioned above. the family includes proteins with the α/β-hydrolase folding, sharing conserved motifs in their sequences, and common stru ...201627188926
optimization of the production and characterization of lipase from candida rugosa and geotrichum candidum in soybean molasses by submerged fermentation.this present work describes the production and biochemical characterization of lipase by candida rugosa and geotrichum candidum in a culture supplemented with soybean molasses. after optimizing the fermentation times for both microorganisms, the effects of changing the soybean molasses concentration, the fermentative medium ph and the fermentation temperature were evaluated using the central composite planning. when soybean molasses was used at a concentration of 200 g/l at 27 ± 1 °c and ph 3.5, ...201627057641
counteraction of trehalose on n, n-dimethylformamide-induced candida rugosa lipase denaturation: spectroscopic insight and molecular dynamic simulation.candida rugosa lipase (crl) has been widely used as a biocatalyst for non-aqueous synthesis in biotechnological applications, which, however, often suffers significant loss of activity in organic solvent. experimental results show that trehalose could actively counteract the organic-solvent-induced protein denaturation, while the molecular mechanisms still don't unclear. herein, crl was used as a model enzyme to explore the effects of trehalose on the retention of enzymatic activity upon incubat ...201627031946
influence of protein bulk properties on membrane surface coverage during immobilization.biomolecules immobilization is a key factor for many biotechnological applications. for this purpose, the covalent immobilization of bovine serum albumin (bsa), lipase from candida rugosa and protein g on differently functionalized regenerated cellulose membranes was investigated. dynamic light scattering and electrophoresis measurements carried out on biomolecules in solution indicated the presence of monomers, dimers and trimers for both bsa and protein g, while large aggregates were observed ...201627022871
co-immobilization of multiple enzymes by metal coordinated nucleotide hydrogel nanofibers: improved stability and an enzyme cascade for glucose detection.preserving enzyme activity and promoting synergistic activity via co-localization of multiple enzymes are key topics in bionanotechnology, materials science, and analytical chemistry. this study reports a facile method for co-immobilizing multiple enzymes in metal coordinated hydrogel nanofibers. specifically, four types of protein enzymes, including glucose oxidase, candida rugosa lipase, α-amylase, and horseradish peroxidase, were respectively encapsulated in a gel nanofiber made of zn(2+) and ...201626932320
facilitation as attenuating of environmental stress among structured microbial populations.there is currently an intense debate in microbial societies on whether evolution in complex communities is driven by competition or cooperation. since darwin, competition for scarce food resources has been considered the main ecological interaction shaping population dynamics and community structure both in vivo and in vitro. however, facilitation may be widespread across several animal and plant species. this could also be true in microbial strains growing under environmental stress. pure and m ...201626904719
design of biocompatible immobilized candida rugosa lipase with potential application in food industry.biocatalysts are a promising alternative for the production of natural flavor compounds. candida rugosa lipase (crl) is a particularly important biocatalyst owing to its remarkable efficiency in both hydrolysis and synthesis. however, additional stabilization is necessary for successful industrial implementation. this study presents an easy and time-saving method for immobilizing this valuable enzyme on hydroxyapatite (hap), a biomaterial with high protein-binding capacity.201626801832
optimization and modeling for the synthesis of sterol esters from deodorizer distillate by lipase-catalyzed esterification.in this paper, cotton seed oil deodorizer distillate (csodd), was recovered to obtain fatty acid sterol ester (fase), which is one of the biological activated substances added as human therapeutic to lower cholesterol. esterification reactions were carried out using candida rugosa lipase (crl) as catalyst, and the conversion of phytosterol was optimized using response surface methodology (rsm). the highest conversion (90.8±0.4%) was reached at 0.84 wt% enzyme load, 1:25 solvent/csodd mass ratio, ...201626757412
zinc oxide nanoparticles supported lipase immobilization for biotransformation in organic solvents: a facile synthesis of geranyl acetate, effect of operative variables and kinetic study.the present study describes grafting of zinc oxide (zno) nanoparticles with polyethyleneimine (pei) followed by modification with glutraldehyde used as the bridge for binding the enzyme to support. the prepared nanocomposites were then characterized using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy, utilized for synthesis of geranyl acetate in n-hexane. among all the three prepared nanocomposites (zno + pei, zno + pei + saa, zno + pei ...201626749293
properties, structure, and applications of microbial sterol esterases.according to their substrate preferences, carboxylic ester hydrolases are organized in smaller clusters. among them, sterol esterases (ec 3.1.1.13), also known as cholesterol esterases, act on fatty acid esters of cholesterol and other sterols in aqueous media, and are also able to catalyze synthesis by esterification or transesterification in the presence of organic solvents. mammalian cholesterol esterases are intracellular enzymes that have been extensively studied since they are essential in ...201626743653
the isolation of candida rugosa and candida mesorugosa from clinical samples in ghana.members of the candida rugosa species complex have been described as emerging fungal pathogens and are responsible for a growing number of candida infections. in this communication we report the isolation of candida rugosa and candida mesorugosa in ghana. to the best of our knowledge this is the first description of this species complex from a clinical setting in africa.the isolates were identified on the basis of their rrna gene internal transcribed spacer (its) sequences. for one isolate, obta ...201626705831
improvement of catalytic activity of candida rugosa lipase in the presence of calix[4]arene bearing iminodicarboxylic/phosphonic acid complexes modified iron oxide nanoparticles.in the present study, iron oxide magnetite nanoparticles, prepared through a co-precipitation method, were coated with phosphonic acid or iminodicarboxylic acid derivatives of calix[4]arene to modulate their surfaces with different acidic groups. candida rugosa lipase was then directly immobilized onto the modified nanoparticles through sol-gel encapsulation. the catalytic activities and enantioselectivities of the two encapsulated lipases in the hydrolysis reaction of (r/s)-naproxen methyl este ...201626698535
overexpression of candida rugosa lipase lip1 via combined strategies in pichia pastoris.in this study, combined strategies were employed to heterologously overexpress candida rugosa lipase lip1 (crl1) in a pichia pastoris system. the lip1 gene was systematically codon-optimized and synthesized in vitro. the lip1 activity of a recombinant strain harboring three copies of the codon-optimized lip1 gene reached 1200 u/ml in a shake flask culture. higher lipase activity, 1450 u/ml, was obtained using a five copy number construct. co-expressing one copy of the ero1p and bip chaperones wi ...201626672457
modulation of the thermostability and substrate specificity of candida rugosa lipase1 by altering the acyl-binding residue gly414 at the α-helix-connecting bend.candida rugosa lipase1 (lip1) is widely used in industrial applications. optimizing its catalytic performance is still a challenging goal for protein engineers. mutagenesis of key residues in the active site of the enzyme may provide an effective strategy for enhancing stability and altering substrate specificity. in this study, multiple sequence alignment and structural analysis revealed that the acyl-binding residue, gly414, of lip1, which is located at a bend connecting α-helixes, was the non ...201626672446
esterification of oleic acid with methanol by immobilized lipase on wrinkled silica nanoparticles with highly ordered, radially oriented mesochannels.mesoporous silica nanoparticles with a wrinkled structure (wrinkled silica nanoparticles, wsns) having highly ordered, radially oriented mesochannels were synthesized by a solvothermal method. the method used a mixture of cyclohexane, ethanol, and water as solvent, tetraethoxysilane (teos) as source of inorganic silica, ammonium hydroxide as hydrolysis additive, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (ctab) as surfactant, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (pvp) as stabilizing agent of particle growth. particle s ...201626652346
bead milling for lipid recovery from thraustochytrid cells and selective hydrolysis of schizochytrium dt3 oil using lipase.marine microalgae present a renewable alternative source for sustainable production of omega-3 fatty acids, as compared to conventional sources such as krill oil and fish oil. in this study, we optimised a method for lipid extraction from marine thraustochytrids using a bead mill and enzymatic concentration of omega-3 fatty acids from the thraustochytrid oil. the optimised lipid extraction conditions were, bead size 0.4-0.6μm, 4500rpm, 4min of processing time at 5g biomass concentration. the max ...201626519698
immobilized lipase on core-shell structured fe3o4-mcm-41 nanocomposites as a magnetically recyclable biocatalyst for interesterification of soybean oil and lard.a core-shell structured fe3o4-mcm-41 nanocomposite was prepared by means of a surfactant-directed sol-gel process. candida rugosa lipase was then bound to the magnetic core-shell material by using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking reagent. the as-prepared fe3o4-mcm-41 support and the immobilized lipase were characterized in detail using enzyme activity assays, tem, xrd, ftir, vsm and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques. results showed that the magnetite nanoparticles were coated with the m ...201626471683
candida/candida biofilms. first description of dual-species candida albicans/c. rugosa biofilm.denture liners have physical properties that favour plaque accumulation and colonization by candida species, irritating oral tissues and causing denture stomatitis. to isolate and determine the incidence of oral candida species in dental prostheses, oral swabs were collected from the dental prostheses of 66 patients. all the strains were screened for their ability to form biofilms; both monospecies and dual-species combinations were tested. candida albicans (63 %) was the most frequently isolate ...201627020154
regioselective deprotection of the monosaccharide-bearing thiocyanomethyl group at the anomeric position monitored by reversed-phase hplc method.in the current work, the investigation and development of a chemo-enzymatic approach for the synthesis of neo-glycoproteins have been studied. this strategy is based on the regioselective enzymatic hydrolysis of peracetylated monosaccharide, functionalized at the anomeric position (c1) as 1-thio-(s-cyanomethyl) group, a precursor of the 2- iminomethoxyethyl thioglycosides-linker for protein glycosylation, catalyzed by immobilized enzymes to obtain selectively monodeprotected compounds. the use o ...201626864255
study of microwave effects on the lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis.the effect of microwave heating on lipase-catalyzed reaction remains controversial. it is not clear whether the reaction rate enhancements are purely due to thermal/heating effects or to non-thermal effects. therefore, quantitative mass spectrometry was used to conduct accurate kinetic analysis of lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of triolein by microwave and conventional heating. commercial lipases from candida rugosa (crl), porcine pancreas (ppl), and burkholderia cepacia (bcl) were used. hydrolysis ...201626672464
new insight into microbial diversity and functions in traditional vietnamese alcoholic fermentation.the roles of microorganisms in traditional alcoholic fermentation are often assumed based on abundance in the starter and activity in pure culture. there is a serious lack of hard evidence on the behavior and activity of individual microbial species during the actual fermentation process. in this study, microbial succession and metabolite changes during 7days of traditional vietnamese alcoholic fermentation were monitored. special attention was devoted to starch degradation. in total, 22 microbi ...201627236224
pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of microbial community in soy-daddawa, a nigerian fermented soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) condiment.soy-daddawa, a fermented soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) condiment, plays a significant role in the culinary practice of west africa. it is essential to understand the microbial community of soy-daddawa for a successful starter culture application. this study investigated the microbial community structure of soy-daddawa samples collected from nigerian markets, by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) targeting the v3-v5 region of the 16s rrna gene of bacteria and internal transcrib ...201626796580
occurrence of mycotoxins and yeasts and moulds identification in corn silages in tropical climate.this study was aimed to identify yeasts and moulds as well as to detect mycotoxin in corn silages in southern minas gerais, brazil.201626787003
expression and properties of three novel fungal lipases/sterol esterases predicted in silico: comparison with other enzymes of the candida rugosa-like family.lipases from the candida rugosa-like family are enzymes with great biotechnological interest. in a previous work, several enzymes from this family were identified by in silico mining of fungal genomes. here, we describe the cloning, expression, and characterization of putative lipases from the genomes of nectria haematococca, trichoderma reesei, and aspergillus niger and compared their catalytic properties with those of ope, a well-characterized sterol esterase/lipase from ophiostoma piceae. all ...201526272094
maldi-tof mass spectrometry for rapid identification of clinical fungal isolates based on ribosomal protein biomarkers.this study aimed to evaluate the identification of clinical fungal isolates (yeast and molds) by protein profiling using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof/ms). a total of 125 clinical fungal culture isolates (yeast and filamentous fungi) were collected. the test set included 88 yeast isolates (candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida guilliermondii, candida kefyr, candida krusei, candida parapsilosis, candida rugosa, candida tropicalis and ...201525541362
selective production of 9r-hydroxy-10e,12z,15z-octadecatrienoic acid from α-linolenic acid in perilla seed oil hydrolyzate by a lipoxygenase from nostoc sp. sag 25.82.hydroxy fatty acids (hfas) derived from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been known as versatile bioactive molecules. however, its practical production from omega-3 or omega-3 rich oil has not been well established. in the present study, the stereo-selective enzymatic production of 9r-hydroxy-10e,12z,15z-octadecatrienoic acid (9r-hote) from α-linolenic acid (ala) in perilla seed oil (po) hydrolyzate was achieved using purified recombinant 9r-lipoxygenase (9r-lox) from nostoc sp. sag 25.8 ...201526379279
microbiological and chemical characteristics of tarubá, an indigenous beverage produced from solid cassava fermentation.the aim of this work was to identify and characterize the microbiota present during fermentation and in the final beverage, tarubá, by culture-dependent and -independent methods. in addition, target chemical compounds (carbohydrates, organic acids, and ethanol) were evaluated. lactic acid bacteria (lab) and mesophilic bacteria were the predominant microorganisms. among them, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus brevis, leuconostoc mesenteroides, and bacillus subtilis were frequently isolated a ...201525846929
molecular bioimprinting of lipases with surfactants and its functional consequences in low water media.lipases from thermomyces lanuginosa (tll), candida rugosa (crl) and burkholderia cepacia (bcl) were obtained in the 'open lid' form by adding surfactant molecules like n-octyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (og), hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ctab), bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt (aot) and triton x-100 for this purpose. the enzymes were 'dried' by precipitating with 4× (v/v) excess of organic solvents. the imprint surfactant molecules were removed by extensive washing with organic sol ...201526306412
quantitative structure-activity relationship correlation between molecular structure and the rayleigh enantiomeric enrichment factor.it was recently demonstrated that under environmentally relevant conditions the rayleigh equation is valid to describe the enantiomeric enrichment - conversion relationship, yielding a proportional constant called the enantiomeric enrichment factor, εer. in the present study we demonstrate a quantitative structure-activity relationship model (qsar) that describes well the dependence of εer on molecular structure. the enantiomeric enrichment factor can be predicted by the linear hansch model, whi ...201526153539
adhesion and biofilm formation in artificial saliva and susceptibility of yeasts isolated from chronic kidney patients undergoing haemodialysis.yeasts of the genera candida and saccharomyces are opportunist pathogens and cause oral lesions, especially in immunocompromised patients. this study assessed yeasts isolated from chronic kidney patients undergoing haemodialysis for their adhesion capacity, biofilm formation and susceptibility to antifungal agents. ten isolates of candida spp. and one isolate of saccharomyces cerevisiae were tested for adhesion to buccal epithelial cells (becs), adhesion and formation of biofilm in artificial sa ...201526297016
rare yeasts causing fungemia in immunocompromised and haematology patients: case series from delhi.systemic fungal infection related to fluconazole-resistant yeasts are emerging in immunocompromised patients. in this case-series, we report eight cases of fungemia caused by trichosporon spp. (2), stephanoascus ceferrii (1), kodamaea ohmeri (1), pichia kutrawersi (2), candida rugosa (1) and candida lusitianae (1) in immunocompromised patients. all the yeasts except (trichosporon asahii) were sequenced. as these rare species are inherently resistant to antifungal agents and they may lead to the ...201526470968
carbohydrate base co-polymers as an efficient immobilization matrix to enhance lipase activity for potential biocatalytic applications.in the present study, we have synthesized biocompatible hybrid blend of cellulosic polymers of hydroxypropyl-methyl-cellulose (hpmc) and chitosan (chy) for the immobilization of candida rugosa lipase (crl). the immobilized biocatalyst hpmc:chy:crl was subjected for characterization such as sem, tga, water content analysis, lipase activity, specific activity and protein content analysis. the kinetic parameter study (rmax/km) demonstrated improved biocatalytic activity of lipase after immobilizati ...201526428176
optimization of an indirect enzymatic method for the simultaneous analysis of 3-mcpd, 2-mcpd, and glycidyl esters in edible oils.we developed a novel, indirect enzymatic method for the analysis of fatty acid esters of 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol (3-mcpd), 2-monochloro-1,3-propanediol (2-mcpd), and glycidol (gly) in edible oils and fats. using this method, the ester analytes were rapidly cleavaged by candida rugosa lipase at room temperature for 0.5 h. as a result of the simultaneous hydrolysis and bromination steps, 3-mcpd esters, 2-mcpd esters, and glycidyl esters were converted to free 3-mcpd, 2-mcpd, and 3-monobromo-1 ...201526369594
chemoenzymatic kinetic resolution of (r)-malathion in aqueous media.malathion (r,s)-diethyl-2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]butanedioate is a chiral organophosphorus compound used widely as pesticide for suppression of harmful insects such as mosquitoes. it is well known that in biological systems (r)-malathion is the active enantiomer, therefore a sustainable approach could be the use of only the biologically active enantiomer. the resolution of the commercial racemic mixture to obtain the pure active enantiomer combined with a recycling of the undesired ...201526361495
candida rugosa lipase immobilized onto acid-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes for sustainable production of methyl oleate.the chemical production of methyl oleate using chemically synthesized fatty acid alcohols and other toxic chemicals may lead to significant environmental hazards to mankind. being a highly valuable fatty acid replacement raw material in oleochemical industry, the mass production of methyl oleate via environmentally favorable processes is of concern. in this context, an alternative technique utilizing candida rugosa lipase (crl) physically adsorbed on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) has be ...201526267406
harmaline and hispidin from peganum harmala and inonotus hispidus with binding affinity to candida rugosa lipase: in silico and in vitro studies.the inhibitory effect of phenolic compounds and alkaloids of inonotus hispidus and peganum harmala on candida rugosa lipase was investigated, also, their antioxidant activities using dpph, abts and phosphomolybdenum were studied in this paper. the phenolic extracts have shown a stronger antiradical activity than the alkaloids extracts. the enzymatic inhibition produced by these extracts is described here for the first time. the results have shown that the phenolic and the alkaloid extracts are g ...201526151548
protein-coated microcrystals from candida rugosa lipase: its immobilization, characterization, and application in resolution of racemic ibuprofen.in this study, an economical heterogeneous biocatalyst, protein-coated microcrystals (pcmcs), was prepared from a commercial candida rugosa lipase (crl) and used for catalyzing esterification of (r, s)-ibuprofen enantiomers with isooctanol in isooctane. the main variables controlling the process (precipitating solvents, ph, saturated k2so4 solution, and water content) were optimized via single-factorial experiments. under optimum conditions, the enantiomeric excess of active s(+)-ibuprofen and t ...201526137875
optimization of the hydrolysis of safflower oil for the production of linoleic acid, used as flavor precursor.commercial lipases, from porcine pancreas (ppl), candida rugosa (crl), and thermomyces lanuginosus (lipozyme tl im), were investigated in terms of their efficiency for the hydrolysis of safflower oil (so) for the liberation of free linoleic acid (la), used as a flavor precursor. although ppl, under the optimized conditions, showed a high degree of hydrolysis (91.6%), its low tolerance towards higher substrate concentrations could limit its use for so hydrolysis. in comparison to the other invest ...201526904663
activation and deformation of immobilized lipase on self-assembled monolayers with tailored wettability.in this work, lipase from candida rugosa (crl) was immobilized on self-assembled monolayers (sams) with various wettabilities ranging from highly hydrophilic to highly hydrophobic by adsorption in order to clearly elucidate the interfacial activation character of lipases. the sams were made of 11-hydroxyundecane-1-thiol and 1-dodecanethiol. the adsorption behavior was monitored in situ by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (qcm-d), and the enzyme binding constants indicated a stronger ...201525929434
megaporous poly(hydroxy ethylmethacrylate) based poly(glycidylmethacrylate-n-methacryloly-(l)-tryptophan) embedded composite cryogel.one-step activation, purification, and stabilization of lipase enzyme were performed by using composite hydrophobic support at low ionic strength with increased surface area during embedding process. a novel hydrophobic poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate) [phema] based, poly(glycidyl methacrylate-n-methacryloly-(l)-tryptophan) [pgmatrp] bead embedded composite cryogel membrane having specific surface area of 195m(2)/g was used as hydrophobic matrix for adsorption of commercial candida rugosa lipase i ...201525909180
correction: yang, c.-h., et al. immobilization of brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (boclh1) and candida rugosa lipase (crl) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins. molecules 2014, 19, 11800-11815. 201525905608
lipase immobilization on epoxy-activated poly(vinyl acetate-acrylamide) microspheres.poly(vinyl acetate-acrylamide) microspheres with an average diameter of 2-4μm were successfully prepared and characterized via sem and ftir. then the microspheres were modified with epoxy groups through reacting with epichlorohydrin and used as carriers to covalently immobilize candida rugosa lipase. the results revealed that agitation played an important role on epoxy activation and the immobilization ratio increased with the increase of the epoxy density. on the other hand, the specific activi ...201525863711
enzymatic synthesis of aroma acetoin fatty acid esters by immobilized candida antarctica lipase b.to enzymatically synthesize aroma acetoin fatty acid esters, useful as flavor and fragrance ingredients in foods.201525851952
effect of the physicochemical properties of binary ionic liquids on lipase activity and stability.in the present study, the lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl butyrate is used as a model reaction to determine the activity and stability of candida rugosa lipase in binary ionic liquids (ils). the binary ils consist of hydrophobic 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim]pf6) and a small amount of hydrophilic 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([bmim]no3) or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([bmim]cf3so3) or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluorobo ...201525841366
a facile enzymatic synthesis of geranyl propionate by physically adsorbed candida rugosa lipase onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes.in view of several disadvantages as well as adverse effects associated with the use of chemical processes for producing esters, alternative techniques such as the utilization of enzymes on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts), have been suggested. in this study, the oxidative mwcnts prepared using a mixture of hno3 and h2so4 (1:3 v/v) were used as a supportive material for the immobilization of candida rugosa lipase (crl) through physical adsorption process. the resulting crl-mwcnts biocatalys ...201525837507
preparation of core-shell magnetic polydopamine/alginate biocomposite for candida rugosa lipase immobilization.a flexible, biocompatible and bioadhesive enzyme immobilizing material, which was synthesized based on the covalent assembly of biomimetic polymer and oxidized polysaccharide on magnetic nanoparticles (nps), has been developed in this feasibility study. in this work, the bio-inspired polymer, polydopamine (pda), was used to modify the well-monodispersed fe3o4 nps (mpda nps) with a controllable thickness via a dip-coating process, then the alginate di-aldehyde (ada) was covalently assembled on th ...201525784302
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