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comparative studies of fungal degradation of single or mixed bioaccessible reactive azo dyes.a screening using several fungi (phanerochaete chrysosporium, pleurotus ostreatus, trametes versicolor and aureobasidium pullulans) was performed on the degradation of syringol derivatives of azo dyes possessing either carboxylic or sulphonic groups, under optimized conditions previously established by us. t. versicolor showed the best biodegradation performance and its potential was confirmed by the degradation of differently substituted fungal bioaccessible dyes. enzymatic assays (lignin perox ...200312781230
dietary mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) ameliorates atherogenic lipid in hypercholesterolaemic rats.1. the effects of edible oyster mushroom pleurotus ostreatus on plasma and liver lipid profiles and on the plasma total anti-oxidant status were estimated in hyper- and normocholesterolaemic long evans rats. 2. the feeding of 5% powder of the fruiting bodies of p. ostreatus mushrooms to hypercholesterolaemic rats reduced their plasma total cholesterol by approximately 28%, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by approximately 55%, triglyceride by approximately 34%, non-esterified fatty acid by ap ...200312823261
bioorganosolve pretreatments for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of beech wood by ethanolysis and white rot fungi.ethanol was produced by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) from beech wood chips after bioorganosolve pretreatments by ethanolysis and white rot fungi, ceriporiopsis subvermispora, dichomitus squalens, pleurotus ostreatus, and coriolus versicolor. beech wood chips were pretreated with the white rot fungi for 2-8 weeks without addition of any nutrients. the wood chips were then subjected to ethanolysis to separate them into pulp and soluble fractions (sfs). from the pulp fractio ...200312890613
characterization of a novel single-stranded rna mycovirus in pleurotus ostreatus.a mycovirus, named oyster mushroom spherical virus (omsv), was isolated from cultivated oyster mushrooms with a severe epidemic of oyster mushroom die-back disease. omsv was a 27-nm spherical virus encapsidating a single-stranded rna (ssrna) of 5.784 kb with a coat protein of approximately 28.5 kda. the nucleotide sequence of the virus revealed that its genomic rna was positive strand, containing 5784 bases with seven open reading frames (orf). orf1 had the motifs of rna-dependent rna polymerase ...200314517055
microsomal transformation of organophosphorus pesticides by white rot fungi.the enzymatic mechanism for the transformation of organophosphorus pesticides (opps) by different white-rot fungi strains was studied. with the exception of ganoderma applanatum 8168, all strains from a collection of 17 different fungi cultures were able to deplete parathion. three strains showing the highest activities were selected for further studies: bjerkandera adusta 8258, pleurotus ostreatus 7989 and phanerochaete chrysosporium 3641. these strains depleted 50 to 96% of terbufos, azinphos- ...200314669870
[use of molecular markers for differentiation of cultivated strains of oyster and button mushrooms].analysis of commercial strains of two edible mushrooms, pleurotus ostreatus and agaricus bisporus, using pcr and isozyme electrophoresis techniques allowed us to differentiate groups of genetically similar and distant strains. among the commercial strains of p. ostreatus, the level of genetic variation was higher suggesting a broader genetic basis employed in breeding of this mushroom. the cultivars and hybrids of, a. bisporus, showed a higher level of homology. the isozyme markers (nonspecific ...200314714459
[aflp fingerprinting map analysis of pleurotus ostreatus].aflp analysis was carried out with 14 pleurotus ostreatus strains from different areas. optimal conditions of the aflp fingerprinting analysis for p. ostreatus were first tested and the results showed that the primer pairs e-3/m-3 especially e-agc/m-cat and e-agc/m-acc could give more amplified dna fragments than others like e-2/m-1 or e-2/m-3. from the fingerprinting map of the primer pair e-agc/m-cat, 184 clear and stable dna bands were observed, including 101 polymorphous bands that are accou ...200314986432
mapping of genomic regions (quantitative trait loci) controlling production and quality in industrial cultures of the edible basidiomycete pleurotus ostreatus.industrial production of the edible basidiomycete pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) is based on a solid fermentation process in which a limited number of selected strains are used. optimization of industrial mushroom production depends on improving the culture process and breeding new strains with higher yields and productivities. traditionally, fungal breeding has been carried out by an empirical trial and error process. in this study, we used a different approach by mapping quantitative tr ...200312788770
biomass and exopolysaccharide production in submerged cultures of pleurotus ostreatoroseus sing. and pleurotus ostreatus "florida" (jack.: fr.) kummer.the species of the genus pleurotus produce large amounts of biomass and exopolysaccharide (eps) in submerged cultures, which may be used for biotechnological purposes. in the present work two brazilian autochthonous strains of edible pleurotus (p. ostratoroseus sing. and p. ostreatus "florida") were used. the fungi grown in liquid potato dextrose medium (pd) were used as inocula to cultivate those microorganisms in the pol culture medium. after a 9-day incubation, the optimal growth time for bio ...200312761774
the presence of partially 3-o-methylated mannogalactan from the fruit bodies of edible basidiomycetes pleurotus ostreatus 'florida' berk. and pleurotus ostreatoroseus sing.the partially 3-o-methylated mannogalactans were isolated from the fruiting bodies of edible basidiomycetes pleurotus ostreatus 'florida' berk. and pleurotus ostreatoroseus sing. they were obtained via successive aqueous extraction, freeze thawing, and precipitation with fehling solution and then investigated using (13)c- and (1)h-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (including cosy, tocsy and hmqc techniques), methylation analysis and smith degradation. the main chain consisted of (1-->6)-li ...200312694919
bioaugmentation of tar-contaminated soils under field conditions using pleurotus ostreatus refuse from commercial mushroom production.the influence of the white rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus on the degradation of selected poly- and heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (referred to as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [pahs]) in soil was investigated under field conditions representing the northern temperate zone. pleurotus ostreatus was added to two contaminated soils in the form of homogenized refuse from the commercial production of fungus. the soils were collected from a former shipyard (the b&w soil) and underneath a former ...200312685699
lignocellulose degradation by pleurotus ostreatus in the presence of cadmium.activities of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes endo-1,4-beta-glucanase, exo-1,4-beta-glucanase, 1,4-beta-glucosidase, endo-1,4-beta-xylanase, 1,4-beta-xylosidase and 1,4-beta-mannosidase and ligninolytic enzymes mn-peroxidase and laccase were detected during the growth of the white-rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus on wheat straw in the presence and absence of cadmium. the loss of substrate dry weight and mn-peroxidase activity decreased with increasing cd concentration, whereas the activi ...200312670686
[treatment of coloured industrial effluents with pleurotus spp].the decolouration of fermentation residues (vinasse) and liquid extract of coffee pulp by the mushroom pleurotus ostreatus was studied in addition to laccase activity. the fungus was inhibited in both residues when they remained undiluted. in submerged cultivation on wastewaters a good production of biomass (14.8 g/l for vinasse and 5.4 g/l for extract of coffee pulp) and also laccase activity (14.1 u/ml for vinasse and 3.0 u/ml for extract of coffee pulp) up to the 10 days of fermentation was o ...200315456356
evidences of high carbon catabolic enzyme activities during sporulation of pleurotus ostreatus (florida).measurements of the specific activities of the representative enzymes of different pathways linked to carbohydrate metabolism indicate that glycolysis and tca cycles are the major route of carbohydrate catabolism in the sporulating phase of fruiting body development in pleurotus ostreatus. enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway always showed lower specific activities as compared to those of the enzymes of the glycolytic pathway. the activity of nadp linked glutamate dehydrogenase which is know ...200314625896
purification and characterization of an aflatoxin degradation enzyme from pleurotus ostreatus.nineteen fungi were tested for their ability to degrade aflatoxin b1 (afb1). an extracellular enzyme from the edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus showed afaltoxin-degradation activity detected by thin-layer chromatography (tlc). an enzyme with this activity was purified by two chromatographies on deae-sepharose and phenyl-sepharose. the apparent molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 90 kda by sds-page. optimum activities were found in the ph range between 4.0 and 5.0 and at 2 ...200314521233
effect of tributylphenyltetraethoxylate on enzyme production of pleurotus ostreatus.the effect of the addition of the nonionic surfactant tributylphenyltetraethoxylate to culture media on ph and extracellular protein content, and on production of beta-glucosidase, xylanase, laccase, and manganese-dependent and -independent peroxidases by the edible fungus pleurotus ostreatus was determined. the relationship between fermentation parameters and concentration of surfactant was assessed by multiple linear regression analysis, and the similarities and differences among the fermentat ...200312909730
metal-responsive elements in pleurotus ostreatus laccase gene promoters.fungal laccase gene transcription is strongly induced by copper ions; notably, some laccase promoters contain multiple putative metal-responsive elements (mres). previously, it has been demonstrated that the pleurotus ostreatus laccase genes poxc and poxa1b are transcriptionally induced by copper, and several putative mres were found in the promoter regions of these genes, which extend for about 400 nt upstream of the start codon (atg). identification of mre sequences, which are protected by pro ...200312904555
a simple procedure for preparing substrate for pleurotus ostreatus cultivation.the use of wooden crates for composting a mixture of 70% grass, (digitaria decumbens), and 30% coffee pulp, combined with 2% ca(oh)(2), was studied as a method for preparing substrate for the cultivation of pleurotus ostreatus. crate composting considerably modified the temperature pattern of the substrate in process, as compared to pile composting, where lower temperatures and less homogeneous distributions were observed. biological efficiencies varied between 59.79% and 93% in the two harvests ...200312895557
removal of biocide pentachlorophenol in water system by the spent mushroom compost of pleurotus pulmonarius.pentachlorophenol (pcp) has been widely used as a wood preservative since 1980s. although it has been banned worldwide, residues of pcp are still commonly found. the spent compost of oyster mushroom pleurotus pulmonarius (smc) which was a degraded paddy straw-based substrate, contained 25% chitin. five percentage of the smc could remove 89.0 +/- 0.4% of 100 mg pcpl(-1) within 2 days at room temperature predominantly by biodegradation. the maximum removal capacity was 15.5 +/- 1.0 mg g(-1) smc. t ...200312867185
decolorization of orange g by pleurotus ostreatus monokaryotic isolates with different laccase activity.the effect of enhanced laccase (lac) activity (obtained after copper addition to cultivation media) on decolorization of azo dye orange g in two basidiospore-derived monokaryotic isolates of pleurotus ostreatus was determined. the high lac-producing isolate efficiently decolorized orange g. the low-producing isolate showed only poor decolorization ability during cultivation in liquid medium and no decolorization on agar plates containing orange g after a 25-d growth. a substantial enhancement of ...200315058191
fungal upgrading of wheat straw for straw-thermoplastics production.combining biologic pretreatment with storage is an innovative approach for improving feedstock characteristics and cost, but the magnitude of responses of such systems to upsets is unknown. unsterile wheat straw stems were upgraded for 12 wk with pleurotus ostreatus at constant temperature to estimate the variation in final compositions with variations in initial moisture and inoculum. degradation rates and conversions increased with both moisture and inoculum. a regression analysis indicated th ...200415054197
[use of coffee grounds for production of pleurotus ostreatus (jacq.:fr.) kummer].studies were carried out to screen the industrial strain hk35 of pleurotus ostreatus for its ability to develop fruiting bodies in solid state cultivation using several substrates containing 17.8 to 55% coffee grounds. our results showed that only 55% of coffee grounds was used in the substrate without detecting changes in fruiting body or on its biological efficiency of production. the chemical analysis of the caffeine in the substrate showed that this compound decreased about 59% of the myceli ...200415709800
three genes specifically expressed during phosphate deficiency in pholiota nameko strain n2 encode hydrophobins.we previously isolated 31 cdnas corresponding to pdi [inorganic phosphate (pi) deficiency- inducible] genes through the differential screening of a cdna library constructed from the mycelium of pholiota nameko strain n2 cultured in pi-depleted medium. among the cdnas, pdi251, pdi263 and pdi315 were analyzed here. the deduced amino acid sequences of pdi251, pdi263 and pdi315 showed high similarity to fungal hydrophobins and genes corresponding to these cdnas encoding p. nameko hydrophobins were d ...200414608471
the mannitol cycle in pleurotus ostreatus (florida).in mushroom, presence of the mannitol cycle has not been reported so far although the polyol is supposed to be generated by the reduction of fructose by mannitol dehydrogenase. this study submits evidence for the presence of the mannitol cycle in pleurotus ostreatus. the key enzyme of the cycle, mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (m1pdh), was present appreciably in all the developmental stages of the mushroom. however, the enzyme level dropped significantly at the onset of sporulation. the prese ...200415251212
[interspecific genetic variability of the oyster mushroom pleurotus ostreatus as revealed by allozyme gene analysis].allozyme variation in natural populations of basidiomycetes fungus pleurotus ostreatus (88 individuals) from three regions of central russia was studied. the species was shown to have 92.86% of polymorphic allozyme loci and expected heterozygosity he = 0.49. the mean number of alleles per locus was 3.5. the genetic differences among populations were supported by f-statistics (fst = 0.750). the low level of inbreeding (fis = 0.018) suggests that the p. ostreatus populations are panmictic, and the ...200415523846
yield, mushroom size and time to production of pleurotus cornucopiae (oyster mushroom) grown on switch grass substrate spawned and supplemented at various rates.to find a cost effective alternative substrate, pleurotus cornucopiae 608 (yellow basidiomata) was grown on: (1) chopped, pasteurized switch grass (panicum virgatum, 99%) with 1% ground limestone and (2) a mixture of pasteurized cottonseed hulls (75% dry wt.), 24% chopped wheat straw, and 1% ground limestone (all ingredients wt./wt.). the substrates were spawned at various levels (2.5%, 3.75% or 5% wet wt., crop i) and non-supplemented or supplemented with commercial delayed release nutrient (ca ...200414585625
pleurotolysin, a novel sphingomyelin-specific two-component cytolysin from the edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus, assembles into a transmembrane pore complex.self-assembling, pore-forming cytolysins are illustrative molecules for the study of the assembly and membrane insertion of transmembrane pores. here we purified pleurotolysin, a novel sphingomyelin-specific two-component cytolysin from the basidiocarps of pleurotus ostreatus and studied the pore-forming properties of the cytolysin. pleurotolysin consisted of non-associated a (17 kda) and b (59 kda) components, which cooperatively caused leakage of potassium ions from human erythrocytes and swel ...200415084605
characterization of phytase activity from cultivated edible mushrooms and their production substrates.phytase is used commercially to maximize phytic acid degradation and to decrease phosphorus levels in poultry and swine manure. to determine phytase content in edible mushrooms, basidiomata of agaricus bisporus and three specialty mushrooms (grifola frondosa, lentinula edodes, and pleurotus cornucopiae) and spent mushroom substrate (sms) were surveyed. enzyme activity ranged from 0.046 to 0.074 unit/g of tissue for four a. bisporus types (closed and open whites and closed and open browns) grown ...200415675798
methanol extract of the oyster mushroom, pleurotus florida, inhibits inflammation and platelet aggregation.the antiinflammatory and platelet aggregation inhibiting activities of the methanol extract of pleurotus florida eger, an edible and commercially grown mushroom, were investigated. the extract showed significant activity in ameliorating acute inflammation induced by carrageenan and chronic inflammation by formalin at 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight. the effect was comparable to the standard reference drug, diclofenac. the extract also showed significant platelet aggregation inhibiting activity of ...200414750200
production and induction of manganese peroxidase isozymes in a white-rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus.the production of mnp by pleurotus ostreatus in different liquid cultures was investigated. the highest level of activity was observed after 8 days of culture in peptone-glucose-yeast extract medium (pgy), whereas maximal activity was achieved after 30 days in glucose-yeast extract medium (gy). mnp was purified to homogeneity from pgy (designated mnp-pgy) and gy (mnp-gy). the isoelectric points of mnp-pgy and mnp-gy were 3.77 and 4.06, respectively. the molecular mass of both enzymes was 42 kda. ...200414767623
the ability of white-rot fungi to degrade the endocrine-disrupting compound nonylphenol.phanerochaete chrysosporium, pleurotus ostreatus, trametes versicolor and bjerkandera sp. bol13 were tested for their ability to degrade the endocrine-disrupting compound nonylphenol at an initial concentration of 100 mg l-1. the highest removals were achieved with t. versicolor and bjerkandera sp. bol13, which were able to degrade 97 mg l-1 and 99 mg l-1 of nonylphenol in 25 days of incubation, respectively. nonylphenol removal was associated with the production of laccase by t. versicolor, but ...200415735968
prevalence of ewingella americana in retail fresh cultivated mushrooms (agaricus bisporus, lentinula edodes and pleurotus ostreatus) in zaragoza (spain).the prevalence and mycopathogenic potential of enterobacteriaceae (especially ewingella americana) in cultivated mushrooms were studied. a total of 95 samples of agaricus bisporus, lentinula edodes and pleurotus ostreatus were analyzed to quantify the enterobacteriaceae and to identify the species isolated. the host pathogenicity test was used to verify their mycopathogenic potential. the genus pseudomonas was also quantified, since it is the predominant bacterial group in cultivated mushrooms. ...200419712317
increase of laccase activity during interspecific interactions of white-rot fungi.white-rot fungi are of interest due to their ability to degrade lignin. lignin-degrading enzymes such as laccase can also degrade xenobiotic compounds. the effects of interspecific interactions between white-rot fungi and other microorganisms on laccase activity was studied in laboratory cultures. laccase activity in cultures of trametes versicolor and pleurotus ostreatus increased significantly after the introduction of soil fungi, bacteria and yeasts or after contact with nonsterile soil. addi ...200419712364
fungal laccase-catalyzed degradation of hydroxy polychlorinated biphenyls.hydroxy polychlorinated biphenyls (hydroxy pcbs) are toxic metabolites of pcbs. their toxicity such as strong endocrine disruption demands effective remediation methods. laccases from trametes versicolor and pleurotus ostreatus were tested to degrade hydroxy pcbs. optimum phs for both enzymes were around 4.0. laccase from t. versicolor degrades hydroxy pcbs more rapidly than that from p. ostreatus. the enzymatic activities remained little changes in up to 10% organic solvents, but decreased rapi ...200415109876
sequence polymorphism and molecular characterization of laccase genes of the conifer pathogen heterobasidion annosum.the oxidizing enzyme laccase produced by many fungi is generally considered to be active in the biodegradation of lignin, a major plant cell wall component highly resistant to microbial attack. the enzyme is secreted at high levels by the p-type of the highly aggressive pathogen heterobasidion annosum, but at much lower levels by the s-type which correlated with their varying wood decay capability. to investigate the evolutionary relationship between laccase genes of the different h. annosum typ ...200415119350
key elements for protein foldability revealed by a combinatorial approach among similarly folded but distantly related proteins.we have determined the key regions for protein foldability by creating multiple crossover libraries from two proteins that share similar fold but have low sequence identity and differ significantly in stability. one protein is the propeptide of a serine protease, subtilisin bpn', and the other is pleurotus ostreatus proteinase a inhibitor 1 (poia1). the propeptide has a compact structure when complexed with subtilisin but is unstructured when isolated, whereas poia1 takes a stable structure. we ...200415157092
tolaasins a--e, five new lipodepsipeptides produced by pseudomonas tolaasii.pseudomonas tolaasii, the causal organism of brown blotch disease of agaricus bisporus and of the yellowing of pleurotus ostreatus, was shown to produce in culture tolaasin i (1), tolaasin ii (2), and five other minor metabolites, tolaasins a, b, c, d, and e (3-7). these compounds were demonstrated to be important in the development of the disease symptoms. this paper reports on the structural elucidation, based essentially on nmr studies and ms spectra, and biological activity of the above lipo ...200415165142
a new ribonuclease from the black oyster mushroom pleurotus ostreatus.a ribonuclease that is co-specific for poly c and poly u has been isolated from the fruiting bodies of the black oyster mushroom. the enzyme possesses a molecular mass of 14 kda, and is unadsorbed on deae-cellulose and adsorbed on affi-gel blue gel and cm-cellulose. a ph of 7 is required for the enzyme to exhibit maximal activity. the activity of the enzyme does not vary appreciably over the temperature range 30-60 degrees c, but drops when the temperature is reduced to 20 degrees c or raised to ...200415165725
isolation of a new ribonuclease from fruiting bodies of the silver plate mushroom clitocybe maxima.a ribonuclease, with an n-terminal sequence exhibiting some homology to ribonuclease from pleurotus ostreatus (family pleurotaceae), has been purified from fruiting bodies of the silver plate mushroom clitocybe maxima (family tricholomataceae). however, there is little resemblance between the n-terminal sequences of ribonucleases from various pleurotus species, and a lesser extent of resemblance between ribonucleases from c. maxima and pleurotus tuber-regium. no structural relationship exists be ...200415203239
[ultrastructure of the cell wall in vegetative mycelia of agaricus bisporus (lange) imbach].a comparative description of the cell wall ultrastructure was made for vegetative mycelia in agaricus bisporus, other species of agaricus, and pleurotus ostreatus. apart from well known ultrastructural features of cell walls of the examined strains, inclusions of different kinds were observed. the cell wall thickness varied in different agaricus strains. maximum differences between the examined strains were 1.4 times. the cell wall thickness in p. ostreatus strains was by 3 to 4 times less than ...200415214164
improving the yield and quality of dna isolated from white-rot fungi.a new simple method used to eliminate polysaccharides that cause problems during dna isolation was established for 6 different white-rot fungi using 1% hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (ctab) as wash buffer and followed by centrifugation. variation in the dna yield and quality was ascertained using precipitating agents, detergents and cell-wall-hydrolyzing chitinase. considerable amount of exopolysaccharides from fungal biomass was removed with the use of 1% ctab wash buffer followed by centri ...200415227780
cloning, expression, and pore-forming properties of mature and precursor forms of pleurotolysin, a sphingomyelin-specific two-component cytolysin from the edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus.pleurotolysin, a sphingomyelin-specific cytolysin consisting of a (17 kda) and b (59 kda) components from the basidiomycete pleurotus ostreatus, assembles into a transmembrane pore complex. here, we cloned complementary and genomic dnas encoding pleurotolysin, and studied pore-forming properties of recombinant proteins. the genomic regions encoding pleurotolysin a and b contained two and eight introns, respectively, and putative promoter sequences. the complementary dna (cdna) for pleurotolysin ...200415245918
degradation of acrylic copolymers by white-rot fungi.various water-soluble homopolymers and copolymers of acrylamide (aam) and acrylic acid (aa) which contained phenolic sites, such as guaiacol, lignin sulfonate (ls) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-dhba), were tested with regard to their degradability by white-rot fungi. compared with phanerochaete chrysosporium, pleurotus ostreatus caused a significantly higher decrease in the average molecular weight ( mw) of most of the copolymers and the homopolymer under the applied culture conditions. how ...200415257422
can mushrooms fix atmospheric nitrogen?it is generally reported that fungi like pleurotus spp. can fix nitrogen (n2). the way they do it is still not clear. the present study hypothesized that only associations of fungi and diazotrophs can fix n2. this was tested in vitro. pleurotus ostreatus was inoculated with a bradyrhizobial strain nodulating soybean and p. ostreatus with no inoculation was maintained as a control. at maximum mycelial colonization by the bradyrhizobial strain and biofilm formation, the cultures were subjected to ...200415381850
cloning and developmental expression of a metzincin family metalloprotease cdna from oyster mushroom pleurotus ostreatus.a cdna clone, pomtp, encoding a putative metzincin family metalloprotease was isolated from the expressed sequence tags of a basidiomycete pleurotus ostreatus. the 5'-end sequence of pomtp was determined by the 5'-race method. full-length cdna sequence (1140 bp) of pomtp contained a 870 bp open reading frame encoding a protein product of 290 amino acids in addition to a 99 bp of 5'-untranslated sequence and a 171 bp of 3'-untranslated sequence with a poly(a) tail. the deduced amino-acid sequence ...200415451101
ostreolysin, a pore-forming protein from the oyster mushroom, interacts specifically with membrane cholesterol-rich lipid domains.ostreolysin, a 15 kda pore-forming protein from the edible oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus), is lytic to membranes containing both cholesterol and sphingomyelin. its cytotoxicity to chinese hamster ovary cells correlates with their cholesterol contents and with the occurrence of ostreolysin in the cells detergent resistant membranes. moreover, ostreolysin binds to supported monolayers and efficiently permeabilizes sonicated lipid vesicles, only if cholesterol is combined with either sphingo ...200415388337
the genetic structure and diversity of the a and b mating-type genes from the tropical oyster mushroom, pleurotus djamor.in most heterothallic mushroom species, inbreeding is avoided by an incompatibility system determined by two loci each with multiple alleles (the a and b mating-type loci). in this study we investigated the genetic structure of the mating-type loci in the tropical oyster mushroom pleurotus djamor using both positional cloning and degenerate pcr methods. dna sequences from genomic regions cosegregating with the mating-type loci of p. djamor revealed homeodomain transcription factors (a) and phero ...200415219565
direct oxidation of polymeric substrates by multifunctional manganese peroxidase isoenzyme from pleurotus ostreatus without redox mediators.vps (versatile peroxidases) sharing the functions of lip (lignin peroxidase) and mnp (manganese peroxidase) have been described in basidiomycetous fungi pleurotus and bjerkandera. despite the importance of this enzyme in polymer degradation, its reactivity with polymeric substrates remains poorly understood. in the present study, we first report that, unlike lip, vp from pleurotus ostreatus directly oxidized two polymeric substrates, bovine pancreatic rnase and poly r-478, through a long-range e ...200515461584
manganese peroxidase of agaricus bisporus: grain bran-promoted production and gene characterization.the main manganese peroxidase (mnp) isoenzyme of agaricus bisporus atcc 62459 produced in lignocellulose-containing cultures was isolated, cloned and sequenced. in liquid medium, where mnp was previously detected only in trace amounts, the production of mnp was enhanced by rye and wheat bran supplements. the pi (3.25) and n-terminal amino acid sequence (25 aa) of the enzyme from bran-containing cultures were identical to those reported from compost-isolated mnp1. mnp1 is a 328-aa long polypeptid ...200515538559
analysis of the carbohydrate binding specificity of the mushroom pleurotus ostreatus lectin by surface plasmon resonance.the sugar binding specificity of the mushroom pleurotus ostreatus lectin (pol) was analyzed by surface plasmon resonance. the lectin was immobilized to a sensor chip, and asialo-bovine submaxillary mucin (asialo-bsm), one of the most potent inhibitors in the hemagglutination inhibition assay, tightly bound to the lectin. the binding specificity of various mono- or oligosaccharides to the lectin was evaluated by the coinjection method. the dissociation of asialo-bsm was promoted by injection of s ...200515582562
degradation of lignin in pulp mill wastewaters by white-rot fungi on biofilm.an investigation was conducted to explore the lignin-degrading capacity of attached-growth white-rot fungi. five white-rot fungi, phanerochaete chrysosporium, pleurotus ostreatus, lentinus edodes, trametes versicolor and s22, grown on a porous plastic media, were individually used to treat black liquor from a pulp and paper mill. over 71% of lignin and 48% of chemical oxygen demand (cod) were removed from the wastewater. several factors, including ph, concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and trace ...200515792583
pharmacological study of oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) extract on isolated guinea pig trachea smooth muscle.mushroom farm workers suffer from respiratory symptoms during the farming of mushrooms. the objective of this study was to analyze the effects of oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) extract (ome) on isolated guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle in vitro. isolated guinea pig tracheal tissue from 27 nonsensitized guinea pigs were studied. the ome was obtained from indoor mushroom growing fields and prepared as a 1:10 w/v aqueous solution. dose-related contractions of nonsensitized guinea pig trache ...200515793668
degradation of nitrocellulose by fungi.three lignocellulolytic fungi, trametes versicolor, pleurotus ostreatus, and coprinus cinereus, and two cellulolytic fungi trichoderma reesei and chaetomium elatum were tested for their ability to degrade nitrocellulose. they were provided with different carbon and nitrogen sources in liquid cultures. nitrocellulose (n content above 12%) was added as nitrogen source (in solution in acetone) alongside amino acids or as sole n source. either starch or carboxy-methyl cellulose were provided as carb ...200515865147
mushroom host influence on lycoriella mali (diptera: sciaridae) life cycle.lycoriella mali fitch (diptera: sciaridae) infests mushroom crops early in the crop cycle. recent observations in mushroom houses indicated a difference in emergence time and size of adult l. mali developing on various strains of commercial mushrooms. samples of adult flies from isolated mushroom houses growing portabella mushrooms were significantly heavier then those from oyster mushroom houses, whereas flies from shiitake mushroom houses were lightest in weight. flies collected from isolated ...200515889722
temporal and spatial expression of ostreolysin during development of the oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus).in the mushrooms pleurotus ostreatus and agrocybe aegerita, expression of the hemolytic proteins ostreolysin and aegerolysin, which belong to the aegerolysin family, has been shown to be initiated specifically during formation of primordia and fruiting bodies. we used rabbit anti-ostreolysin and fluorescent rhodamine-labelled secondary goat antibodies for monitoring ostreolysin and aegerolysin in situ during the mushrooms' development. in parallel, the protein level in developing tissues was mon ...200515912956
a low-molecular mass ribonuclease from the brown oyster mushroom.a ribonuclease, with a molecular mass of 9 kda and an n-terminal sequence resembling the sequence of a fragment of trna/rrna cytosine-c5-methylase and a fragment of a alanyl-trna synthetase, was isolated from fresh fruiting bodies of the brown oyster mushroom pleurotus ostreatus. the ribonuclease was purified using a very simple protocol that comprised ion-exchange chromatography on carboxymethyl (cm)-cellulose and affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel. subsequent gel filtration by fast p ...200515946190
laccase production using pleurotus ostreatus 1804 immobilized on puf cubes in batch and packed bed reactors: influence of culture conditions.the feasibility of laccase production by immobilization of pleurotus ostreatus 1804 on polyurethane foam (puf) cubes with respect to media composition was studied in both batch and reactor systems. enhanced laccase yield was evidenced due to immobilization. a relatively high maximum laccase activity of 312.6 u was observed with immobilized mycelia in shake flasks compared to the maximum laccase activity of free mycelia (272.2 u). it is evident from this study that the culture conditions studied, ...200515995650
recombinant expression of pleurotus ostreatus laccases in kluyveromyces lactis and saccharomyces cerevisiae.heterologous expression of pleurotus ostreatus poxc and poxa1b laccases in two yeasts, kluyveromyces lactis and saccharomyces cerevisiae, was performed. both transformed hosts secreted recombinant active laccases, although k. lactis was much more effective than s. cerevisiae. rpoxa1b transformants always had higher secreted activity than rpoxc transformants did. the lower tendency of k. lactis with respect to s. cerevisiae to hyperglycosylate recombinant proteins was confirmed. recombinant lacca ...200516021485
leadbetterella byssophila gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from cotton-waste composts for the cultivation of oyster mushroom.a bacterial strain, designated 4m15t, was isolated from cotton-waste composts used as mushroom cultivation in south korea. properties of this isolate were studied on the basis of physiological and biochemical characteristics, fatty acid profile, isoprenoid quinone, dna g+c content and phylogenetic position based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. the strain was found to form a distinct phylogenetic lineage related to the family 'flexibacteraceae' within the phylum 'bacteroidetes'. no recognized ...200516280486
growth and production of laccases by the ligninolytic fungi, pleurotus ostreatus and botryosphaeria rhodina , cultured on basal medium containing the herbicide, scepter (imazaquin).the herbicide, scepter, whose active principle is imazaquin, is commonly used in soybean farming to combat wide-leaf weeds. the basidiomycete, pleurotus ostreatus , and the ascomycete, botryosphaeria rhodina , were evaluated for their growth and laccase production when cultured on basal media containing scepter. both fungi could grow on the herbicide when cultivated in solid and submerged liquid culture in the presence of scepter at concentrations of 0-6% (v/v) for p. ostreatus , and up to 0-50% ...200516304708
novel antimutagenic factors derived from the edible mushroom agrocybe cylindracea.studies have shown that certain foods contain compounds with antigenotoxic activities. here, we ask if dried powders and/or extracts from three edible mushrooms, agrocybe cylindracea, lentinula edodes and pleurotus ostreatus, have a mitigating effect on genotoxicity. we used two in vivo assays: the drosophila dna repair test and the drosophila wing spot test (also known as smart) which measures somatic mutation and recombination. eight carcinogens were tested with the mushroom powders: 2-aaf, af ...200516095952
detection and recovery of hydrolytic enzymes from spent compost of four mushroom species.to evaluate the potential of using the enzymes from spent mushroom compost (smc) as an industrial enzyme, the production of alpha-amylase, cellulase, beta-glucosidase, laccase, and xylanase was determined from the smc of four edible mushroom species (pleurotus ostreatus, lentinula edodes, flammulina velutipes and hericium erinaceum). among the tested smc, the smc of l. edodes showed the highest enzyme activity in alpha-amylase (229 nkat/g), cellulase (759 nkat/g) and beta-glucosidase (767 nkat/g ...200516110912
identification and functional characterisation of ctr1, a pleurotus ostreatus gene coding for a copper transporter.copper homeostasis is crucial for the maintenance of life. in lignin-degrading fungi, copper is essential for the phenol oxidase enzymes that provide this activity. in this paper we report the characterization of a gene (ctr1) coding for a copper transporter in the white rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus. the gene was identified in a cdna library constructed from 4-day-old vegetative mycelium grown in liquid culture. the results presented here demonstrate that: (1) ctr1 functionally complements the ...200516133162
subcellular distribution of aluminum, bismuth, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, and lead in cultivated mushrooms (agaricus bisporus and pleurotus ostreatus).in this work, the distribution of nine metals in two types of cultivated mushroom had been investigated. for agaricus bisporus, the biomass was separated into caps and stalks, and for pleurotus ostreatus, the entire mushrooms were taken for analysis. electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry was used for total element determination in acid digests. for accuracy checking, the certified reference material (nist 1,571, citrus leaves) was analyzed. the results obtained for the two fungi species ...200516141474
a new subfamily of fungal subtilases: structural and functional analysis of a pleurotus ostreatus member.pleurotus ostreatus produces several extracellular proteases which are believed to be involved in the regulation of the ligninolytic activities of this fungus. recently, purification and characterization of the most abundant p. ostreatus extracellular protease (posl) have been reported. the sequence of the posl gene and of the corresponding cdna has been determined, allowing the identification of its pre- and pro-sequences. a mature protein sequence has been verified by mass spectrometry mapping ...200515699195
evaluation of pretreatment with pleurotus ostreatus for enzymatic hydrolysis of rice straw.the effects of biological pretreatment of rice straw using four white-rot fungi (phanerochaete chrysosporium, trametes versicolor, ceriporiopsis subvermispora, and pleurotus ostreatus) were evaluated on the basis of quantitative and structural changes in the components of the pretreated rice straw as well as susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis. of these white-rot fungi, p. ostreatus selectively degraded the lignin fraction of rice straw rather than the holocellulose component. when rice straw ...200516473773
determination of biodegradation products from sulfonated dyes by pleurotus ostreatususing capillary electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry.microbial treatment of environmental pollutants including dyes with white rot fungi has received wide attention as a potential alternative for conventional methods in wastewater treatment. the degradation products from dyes and mechanism underlying fungal degradation of dyes is desirable to be understood. capillary electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry (ce-ms) was used in this study to determine biodegradation products of 4-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)azo]-benzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt (4haba ...200515685423
complete nucleotide sequence and genome organization of a dsrna partitivirus infecting pleurotus ostreatus.the nucleotide sequences of the genomic dsrna mycovirus infecting pleurotus ostreatus (p. ostreatus virus 1; pov1) were determined and compared to the sequences of the other mycoviruses belonging to partitiviruses and totivirues. pov1 dsrna-1 and dsrna-2 had genomes of 2296 and 2223 nucleotides, respectively. the purified virus preparations contained isometric particles of 28-30 nm in diameter, and also the same two dsrnas were isolated from purified virus preparations. the sequences of pov1 dsr ...200515681061
biodegradation of lindane by pleurotus ostreatus via central composite design.the degradation of lindane was studied in liquid-agitated cultures using a commercial strain of the fungus pleurotus ostreatus as the biodegrading organism. the biodegradation was accomplished with the action of extracellular oxidative enzymes, produced by the fungus to decompose woody substrates. enzyme activities of manganese peroxidase and laccase were measured in a liquid mineral medium. an orthogonal central composite design of experiments was used to construct second-order response surface ...200515661282
mn(2+) is dispensable for the production of active mnp2 by pleurotus ostreatus.the regulation mechanism for expression of versatile peroxidase mnp2 by the basidiomycete fungus pleurotus ostreatus was examined using chemically defined synthetic media. expression of mnp2 was down-regulated at the transcription level by nutrient nitrogen, e.g., nh(4)(+), arginine or urea. as is often the case with other fungal manganese peroxidases, active mnp2 was not detected when mn(2+) was omitted from the culture, while mnp2 transcription was barely affected by mn(2+). however, mn(2+) ca ...200515649426
mass spectrometry and database search in the analysis of proteins from the fungus pleurotus ostreatus.tandem mass spectrometry is a method of choice for rapid analysis in proteomics. identification and characterization of proteins from organisms with sequenced genomes is today a routine procedure as will be identification of proteins from organisms with unsequenced genomes with new developing tools. here, we report the use of isotopic labeling with electrospray ionisation (esi)-tandem mass spectrometry for de novo sequencing in combination with database search taking advantage of different progr ...200515602771
changes of enzyme activities and compositions of abnormal fruiting bodies grown under artificial environmental conditions in pleurotus ostreatus.this study investigated the biochemical changes of abnormal fruiting bodies grown under artificial environmental conditions in p. ostreatus. abnormal mushroom growth during cultivation damages the production of good quality mushroom. this study showed that different environmental conditions produced morphological changes in the fruiting bodies of p. ostreatus. the fruiting bodies with morphological changes were collected and examined for differences in biochemical properties, enzyme activities, ...200524049471
isolation of genes differentially expressed during the fruit body development of pleurotus ostreatus by differential display of rapd.to analyze genes involved in fruit body development of pleurotus ostreatus, mrnas from three different developmental stages: i.e., vegetative mycelium, primordium, and mature fruit body, were isolated and reverse-transcribed to cdnas. one hundred and twenty random pcr amplifications were performed with the cdnas, which generated 382, 394, 393 cdna fragments from each developmental stage. from these fragments, four cdna clones specifically expressed in primordium or mature fruit body were detecte ...200515899417
interference of laccase in determination of cellobiose dehydrogenase activity of pleurotus ostreatus (florida) using dichlorophenol indophenol as the electron acceptor.pleurotus ostreatus (florida), itcc 3308 produces approximately 9.0 u/ml extracellular cellobiose dehydrogenase (cdh) in cellulose medium after 7 days of growth. however, no activity could be detected if the assay was done with cellobiose as the substrate and 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol (dpip) as the electron acceptor in absence of any laccase inhibitor. kinetic study showed that v(max)/k(m) value was very high for rdpip (reduced 2,6-dichlrophenol indophenol) oxidation by laccase. oxygen consu ...200515812859
3-o-alkyl-d-glucose derivatives induce fruit bodies of pleurotus ostreatus.amphipathic glucose derivatives 3-o-octyl- and 3-o-decyl-d-glucose were synthesized, and the ability to induce fruit bodies on pleurotus ostreatus was examined. surfactants such as chaps, chapso, mega-8, mega-9, and mega-10 were also assayed. the result was that both glucose derivatives could stimulate fruiting on p. ostreatus, while none of the surfactants assayed in this study stimulated the fruiting of p. ostreatus. these results suggest that sugar moiety is necessary for amphipathic compound ...200515912955
structure selectivity in degradation and translocation of polychlorinated biphenyls (delor 103) with a pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) culture.the biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), formerly applied in technical mixtures called delor 103, was realized by the white rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus. besides the efficiency of degradation the translocation of pcbs into the fruit bodies grown during cultivation on straw were of special interest. the selectivity of pcbs degradation is discussed on the basis of structural features of the individual congeners. the most important structural factors affecting the degradation effic ...200516291407
[expression of a laccase gene from pleurotus ostreatus in pichia pastoris and characterization of the recombinant enzyme].a pleuotus ostreatus laccase gene was cloned by rt-pcr and designated as lccpol. its sequence was submitted to genbank with the accession number ay450404 obtained. the open reading frame was transformed into three pichia pastoris strains gs115, km71 and smd1168, respectively, under control of the aox1 promoter by using the vector phbm906. lccpo1 can be expressed by all three p. pastoris recombinant strains. three different strategies for shake-flask cultures were compared: (1) (25 degrees c, 1.0 ...200516245886
response surface analysis of solid state growth of pleurotus ostreatus mycelia utilizing whey permeate.a novel approach to utilizing whey permeate, the cultivation of mycelia of the edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus, is introduced. response surface analysis (rsa) was successfully applied to determine the combination of substrate concentration, temperature and ph that would result in a maximal mycelial extension rate under solid state cultivation. the conditions to maximize the mycelial extension rate were predicted to be 44 g lactose l(-1), ph 6.0 and 24.2 degrees c. subsequent verification of ...200516245171
effect of ph on the pore forming activity and conformational stability of ostreolysin, a lipid raft-binding protein from the edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus.ostreolysin, a pore-forming protein from the edible oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus), is a member of the aegerolysin protein family, a novel group of small acidic proteins found in bacteria, molds, mushrooms, and plants. it binds to lipid rafts and interacts specifically with cholesterol-rich lipid domains. in this study, ostreolysin was classified as a single-domain all-beta-structured protein on the basis of cdna sequencing. ph-induced and thermally induced unfolding of ostreolysin was st ...200516101298
a carbon-carbon-coupled dimeric bergenin derivative biotransformed by pleurotus ostreatus.a novel c-c-coupled dimer derivative of bergenin was produced by the biotransformation of cultured mycelia of white rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus. its structure was elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis.200515993599
pleurostrin, an antifungal peptide from the oyster mushroom.a 7kda peptide, with inhibitory activity on mycelial growth in the fungi fusaerium oxysporum, mycosphaerella arachidicola and physalospora piricola, was isolated from fresh fruiting bodies of the oyster mushroom. the isolation procedure entailed extraction with an aqueous buffer, ion exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose, affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel and gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on superdex 75. the protein was unadsorbed on deae-cellulose and adsor ...200515941607
[comparative analysis of pleurotus ostreatus natural isolates].a comparative analysis is performed of the polymorphism of the pleurotus ostreatus (fr.) kumm naturally occurring strains isolated from the natural substrates found in two geographically remote russian natural preserves, the central arboreal biosphere tver state preserve (cabtsp) and the moscow state university zvenigorod biological station (zbs, moscow oblast), and within the city of moscow. the results of the frequency analysis for the isozyme loci alleles and for the sexual and vegetative inc ...200615938400
fumigant activity of plant essential oils and components from schizonepeta tenuifolia against lycoriella ingenua (diptera: sciaridae).plant essential oils from 21 plant species were tested for their insecticidal activities against larvae of lycoriella ingenua dufour (diptera: sciaridae) by using a fumigation bioassay. good insecticidal activity against larvae of l. ingenua was achieved with essential oils of acorus gramineus solander, schizonepeta tenuifolia briquet, and zanthoxylum piperitum de candolle at 25 microg/ml air. s. tenuifolia oil showed the most potent insecticidal activity among the plant essential oils. at 12.5 ...200617066804
two new species of trichoderma associated with green mold of oyster mushroom cultivation in korea.this paper describes and illustrates two new species, trichoderma pleurotum and t. pleuroticola, associated with green mold disease of oyster mushroom in korea.200624039481
steroid structural requirements for interaction of ostreolysin, a lipid-raft binding cytolysin, with lipid monolayers and bilayers.ostreolysin, a cytolytic protein from the edible oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus), recognizes and binds specifically to membrane domains enriched in cholesterol and sphingomyelin (or saturated phosphatidylcholine). these events, leading to permeabilization of the membrane, suggest that a cholesterol-rich liquid-ordered membrane phase, which is characteristic of lipid rafts, could be its possible binding site. in this work, we present effects of ostreolysin on membranes containing various st ...200616857161
exclusive overproduction of recombinant versatile peroxidase mnp2 by genetically modified white rot fungus, pleurotus ostreatus.by combining a homologous recombinant gene expression system and optimization of the culture conditions, hyper overproduction of pleurtous ostreatus mnp2 was achieved. genetically modified p. ostreatus strains with the recombinant mnp2 sequence under the control of sdi1 expression signals, were subjected to agitated culture using media supplemented with wheat bran or its hot-water extract. the best result, whereby 7300 u/l of mnp was produced by a recombinant strain tm2-18, indicated that more t ...200616820241
influence of dimethyl sulfoxide on extracellular enzyme production by pleurotus ostreatus.dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) is commonly used as a co-solvent to dissolve poorly water-soluble biologically active agents to assess their biological activities such as for enzyme induction. the question addressed was whether dmso can be assumed to be an inert co-solvent. the influence of dmso on the production of extracellular enzymes by pleurotus ostreatus was investigated. dmso functioned as either an inducer or a repressor, depending on the enzyme studied. the production of laccase and endo-1,4- ...200616642304
se-enriched mycelia of pleurotus ostreatus: distribution of selenium in cell walls and cell membranes/cytosol.the incorporation of se to fungi has been studied, focusing on element distribution among different cellular compartments and, in particular, polysaccharide structures contained in cell walls. se-enriched mycelia of pleurotus ostreatus were obtained in submerged cultures. the incorporation of selenium from the growth medium to mycelia was observed with the relative distribution between cytosol plus cell membranes fraction (ccm) and cell walls fraction (cw) of about 44 and 56%, respectively. ccm ...200616637705
growth of pleurotus ostreatus on wheat straw and wheat-grain-based media: biochemical aspects and preparation of mushroom inoculum.mycelial growth, intracellular activity of proteases, laccases and beta-1,3-glucanases, and cytoplasmic protein were evaluated in the vegetative phase of pleurotus ostreatus grown on wheat straw and in wheat-grain-based media in petri dishes and in bottles. the productivity of the wheat straw and wheat-grain-based spawn in cylindrical polyethylene bags containing 5 kg of chopped straw was also determined. we observed high activity of proteases and high content of intracellular protein in culture ...200616586105
genetic linkage map and expression analysis of genes expressed in the lamellae of the edible basidiomycete pleurotus ostreatus.pleurotus ostreatus is an industrially cultivated basidiomycete with nutritional and environmental applications. its genome contains 35 mbp organized in 11 chromosomes. there is currently available a genetic linkage map based predominantly on anonymous molecular markers complemented with the mapping of qtls controlling growth rate and industrial productivity. to increase the saturation of the existing linkage maps, we have identified and mapped 82 genes expressed in the lamellae. their manual an ...200616531085
an aqueous polysaccharide extract from the edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus induces anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on ht-29 colon cancer cells.anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of fractions of pleurotus ostreatus were examined using ht-29 colon cancer cells in vitro. a hot-water-soluble fraction of the mycelium of the liquid cultured mushroom was partially isolated and chemically characterized as a low-molecular-weight alpha-glucan. ht-29 cells were exposed to the different isolates and significant inhibition of proliferation was obtained in a dose-dependent manner. proliferation inhibition was shown to be the result of a ...200616413114
molecular breeding of white rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus by homologous expression of its versatile peroxidase mnp2.using a dna-mediated transformation technique, a molecular breeding approach to isolate pleurotus ostreatus strains with enhanced productivity of its versatile peroxidase mnp2 was conducted. a recombinant mnp2 construct under the control of p. ostreatus sdi1 expression signals was introduced into the wild-type p. ostreatus strain by cotransformation with a carboxin-resistant marker plasmid. a total of 32 transformants containing the recombinant mnp2 sequence were isolated in a screening with spe ...200616163536
[effect of culture medium composition on peroxidase biosynthesis by the fungus pleurotus ostreatus uzbi-i105].production of extracellular peroxidase during submerged cultivation of the xylotrophic bazidiomycete pleurotus ostreatus uzbi-i105 in nutrient media with lignocellulosic wastes, exhausted cottonseed oil cake, cotton stalks, rice husks, or ambary hemp was studied. the enzyme production increased threefold to fivefold in the presence of exhausted cottonseed oil cake extract in the nutrient medium. the dynamics of peroxidase production in various media was investigated.200611357429
production of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes and changes in soil bacterial communities during the growth of pleurotus ostreatus in soil with different carbon content.the extracellular enzyme activity and changes in soil bacterial community during the growth of the ligninolytic fungus pleurotus ostreatus were determined in nonsterile soil with low and high available carbon content. in soil with p. ostreatus, the activity of ligninolytic enzymes laccase and mn-peroxidase was several orders of magnitude higher than in soil without the fungus. addition of lignocellulose to soil increased the activity of cellulolytic fungi and the production of mn-peroxidase by p ...200617455795
[biosynthesis of vitamins b by the fungus pleurotus ostreatus in a submerged culture].the intra- and extracellular contents of vitamins were studied in the course of submerged cultivation of the higher basidial mushroom pleurotus ostreatus (jacq.: fr.) kummer st. imbf-1300 on liquid nutrient media. this strain was found to be autotrophic in respect of thiamin (vitamin b1), riboflavin (vitamin b2), niacin (vitamin b5), pyridoxine (vitamin b6) and biotin (vitamin b7), but it failed to synthesize cyanocobalamin (vitamin b12). the composition and ph of the culture medium, containing ...20063290883
[study of oxidative enzymes of the lignin-degrading fungus pleurotus ostreatus].the elctrophoretic separation in polyacrylamide gel of laccase and peroxidase isoenzymes of the lignin-degrading fungus pleurotus ostreatus was investigated. the optimal electrophoretic conditions were found: in the electrode buffer tris-diethyl barbituric acid ph 7.0 in the gradient gel-4-10% acrylamide. seven peroxidase isoenzymes oxidizing base benzidine and guaiacol were identified and five laccase isoenzymes reacting with specific substrates-p-phenylene diamine, alphs-naphthol, pyrogallol, ...2006813202
[growth of mycelium of pleurotus ostreatus (fr.) kummer in pure culture]. 20061240577
[lipid content and fatty acid composition of the higher edible fungus--the oyster mushroom pleurotus ostreatus (fr.) kummer].the content of free lipids in wild and cultivated plant bodies, as well as in the surface and deep mycelium of the higher edible basidiomycete pleurotus ostreatus (fr.) kummer--oyster mushroom--was studied. by means of gl chromatography fatty acids with the number of c atoms from 8 to 20 were identified. in plant bodies and mycelium of the oyster mushroom unsaturated fatty acids preveil; the main portion falls to oleic acid (up to 56%).20066538968
[effect of ph and temperature on the activity of the beta-1,4-glucan-4-glucanohydrolases of an exocellular enzymatic preparation isolated from pleurotus ostreatus (jaeguiner ex fr.) kummer k-69]. 20067189813
effect of copper and manganese ions on activities of laccase and peroxidases in three pleurotus species grown on agricultural wastes.copper (cu2+) and manganese (mn2+) ions influenced laccase (lac) and peroxidase production in pleurotus eryngii, pleurotus ostreatus, and pleurotus pulmonarius. in p. eryngii, the optimum cu2+ concentration for lac production was 1 mm and for peroxidases 10 mm, and mn2+ concentration of 5 mm led to peaks of lac and peroxidase activity. in p. ostreatus hai 493, the highest level of lac activity was at cu2+ concentrations of 1 and 10 mm and mn2+ concentration of 1 mm, respectively. the absence of ...200616415481
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