Publications

[the fate of 2-14c-labelled acetate in penicillium chrysogenum].		1961	13730896
[studies on acid-soluble phosphorus compounds from penicillium chrysogenum q-176 in various growth conditions].		1961	13755010
[observations on the morphology of penicillium chrysogenum thom in submerged culture. v. a) b) c) d). on the mode of formation of conida of penicillium chrysogenum thom in submerged culture].		1961	13876578
l-arabinose metabolism by cell-free extracts of penicillium chrysogenum.		1961	13692999
comparative study of penicillin production with vegetative and spore inoculum of penicillium chrysogenum.		1961	16349598
growth inhibition of insects and a fungus by indole-3-acetonitrile.	indole-3-acetonitrile obtained from cabbage has been found to inhibit growth of pyrausta nubilalis (hbn.), galleria mellonella (l.), and penicillium chrysogenum.	1961	17754432
[synthesis of 6-aminopenicillic acid during the fermentation of penicillium chrysogenum on a medium with precursors].		1962	14464704
[studies on the respiration of penicillium chrysogenum].		1962	14464707
ballistic disruption of penicillium chrysogenum cells.	the use of glass beads in a high-speed mixing device to rupture organisms was applied to molds. the use of a mixer in which the propellor shaft enters from the top into a metal mixing chamber made it possible to immerse the whole device in a salt water and ice mixture so that the temperature of the glass-bead slurry could be kept below 5 c without difficulty. mycelia, glass beads, and buffer in a 1:2:3 (w/w) ratio gave above 95% breakage in 15 min with penicillium chrysogenum cells and in 4 min ...	1962	13952345
an analysis of the cell walls of penicillium chrysogenum.		1962	13952347
[a method for the isolation of crystalline 6-methylpenicillic acid from liquid culture media obtained during the fermentation of the microganism penicillium chrysogenum without the precursor].		1962	14497628
studies on the kinetics of fungicidal action. ii. the effect of temperature on the viability of penicillium notatum spores in water and solutions of phenol.		1962	13878488
[effect of fats on the synthesis of 6-aminopenicillic acid during deep cultivation of penicillium chrysogenum].		1962	13900739
[observations on the proteolytic system of penicillium chrysogenum].		1962	13988083
the effect of age on the viability of penicillium notatum spores in water and solutions of phenol.		1962	14020403
[some data on the nature of the volutin granules in penicillium chrysogenum].		1962	14028181
[comparative studies on the process of development of penicillium chrysogenum, strain no. 194, and a new hybrid].		1962	14028182
intermediates in inorganic sulfate utilization by penicillium chrysogenum.		1963	14084584
on the relationship between the effect of phenol on the oxygen uptake and the viability of penicillium notatum spores.		1963	14101600
isolation of auxotrophs of penicillium chrysogenum and their penicillin yields.		1963	14114924
heterokaryon studies and the genetic control of penicillin and chrysogenin production in penicillium chrysogenum.		1963	14114925
formation and segregation of heterozygous diploids between a wild-type strain and derivatives of high penicillin yield in penicillium chrysogenum.		1963	14114926
[penicillin biosynthesis by highly productive strains of penicillium chrysogenum on media with different carbohydrates].		1963	14124720
nitrogenous components of phospholipids extracted from penicillium chrysogenum.		1963	14072044
sorbic hydroxamic acid, an antifungal agent effective over a wide ph range.	sorbic hydroxamic acid was prepared from sorbic acid by esterification and treatment with hydroxylamine (mp 133 to 135 c, pk(a) 8.8). its ultraviolet spectrum in acid solution had a single absorption maximum at 262 mmu; in alkaline solution the maximal absorption shifted to 255 mmu and significant absorption appeared at 280 to 300 mmu. at concentrations of 0.1% (w/v), sorbic hydroxamic acid prevented the growth of aspergillus niger, penicillium notatum, botrytis cinerea, cladosporium herbarum, a ...	1963	16349636
[study of the mechanism of orthophosphate absorption by mycelia of penicillium chrysogenum].		1964	14264925
[determination of amylase in mycelia of penicillium chrysogenum, strain 194].		1964	14347134
attempted genetic transformation in penicillium chrysogenum.		1964	14085567
[on orthophosphate absorption by penicillium chrysogenum mycelia].		1964	14194903
properties of heterozygous diploids between stains of penicillium chrysogenum selected for high penicillin yield.		1964	14195251
the isolation of trehalose and polyols from the conidia of penicillium chrysogenum thom.		1964	14224822
[influence of several polymers in the fermentation of "penicillium chrysogenum"].		1964	14249968
use of penicillium chrysogenium mycelium as animal food.	the mycelial cake of penicillium chrysogenum, when dried and specially processed, has been found to serve as a source of protein in place of soybean meal in the diet of experimental mice. animals were fed a control diet first, and an increase in weight proved the formulation to be satisfactory. the changeover from the control to the experimental diet was sudden, and initially caused a decrease in the weight of the experimental mice. however, at the end of a 29-day period, the experimental mice s ...	1965	14325891
sequential primary and secondary shunt metabolism in penicillium chrysogenum.	penicillium chrysogenum was grown on a rich medium and on a more sparse medium which favored penicillin production. mycelia grown on both media were examined for changes in lipid, mannitol, erythritol, glycerol, pentitol, trehalose, and residual mycelium, and the filtrates were examined for penicillin. penicillin production took place after the bulk of trehalose, polyol, and lipid had accumulated, and hence the sequential pattern of primary and secondary shunt metabolism, as observed in the case ...	1965	14341595
studies in valine biosynthesis. vii. an enzymatic clue in penicillium chrysogenum and other organisms.		1965	14277682
exocellular deoxyribonuclease i of penicillium chrysogenum: i--partial purification & properties of the enzyme.		1965	4222386
production of calcium gluconate by penicillium chrysogenum in submerged culture.	the waste mycelium of penicillium chrysogenum ha-10 (obtained at the end of penicillin fermentation), or a 24-hr-old freshly grown vegetative inoculum of this organism, was found to utilize glucose for the production of calcium gluconate by submerged fermentation in shake flasks. after 72 to 96 hr of fermentation at 24 c, 90 to 95% of the reducing sugar from the 15% glucose medium was converted to calcium gluconate. reuse of the mycelium for successive experiments reduced the fermentation period ...	1965	5325935
[isolation and purification of ribonuclease from the mycelium of penicillium chrysogenum stain 194].		1965	5869036
heterozygous diploids of penicillium chrysogenum and their segregation patterns.		1965	5881991
studies on nitrogen metabolism of penicillium chrysogenum thom. i. effects of lactose and sucrose additions on nitrogen metabolism.		1965	5824967
studies on nitrogen metabolism of penicillium chrysogenum thom. ii. amino acid metabolism and its relation to the biosynthesis of penicillin.		1965	5824968
penicillin acylase activity of penicillium chrysogenum.	the penicillin acylase activity of penicillium chrysogenum was studied. washed mycelial suspensions of a high penicillin-producing and a nonproducing strain were found to be similar in respect to relative acylase activity on benzylpenicillin, 2-pentenylpenicillin, heptylpenicillin, and phenoxymethylpenicillin. the relative rates for both strains, as determined by 6-aminopenicillanic acid formation, were approximately 1.0, 2.5, 3.5, and 6.0 on the penicillins in the order given. the high producin ...	1965	5867654
invertase production by penicillium chrysogenum and other fungi in submerged fermentation.	a study was made of penicillium chrysogenum and some other fungi to determine the relative distribution of intra- and extracellular invertase produced by them in submerged fermentation. the proportion of each type of enzyme varied with the organism and the period of fermentation. more of the enzyme initially bound to the mycelium was released into the medium with the progress of fermentation. differences were observed in the effects of cultural conditions on enzyme production in p. chrysogenum a ...	1965	5867655
[the influence of lactose concentrate on the activity of penicillin formation from penicillium chrysogenum].		1965	5868968
[general characteristics of some new nucleotide-containing acid soluble compounds isolated from mycelia of penicillium chrysogenum thom].		1965	5871318
[investigation of ribonuclease and desoxyribonuclease activity of the mycelium of penicillium chrysogenum, strain 194].		1965	5871935
biosynthesis of benzylpenicillin. ii. effect of precursor amino acids on the biosynthesis of benzylpenicillin by the washed, resting cells of penicillium chrysogenum.		1966	5942689
the inorganic sulfate transport system of penicillium chrysogenum.		1966	5957709
an unusual amino sugar derivative from the cell wall of penicillium notatum.		1966	5970173
[isolation of alpha-amylase from the mycelium penicillium chrysogenum strain 194].		1966	5986874
[organic phosphorus compounds of penicillium chrysogenum containing phosphorus determined as orthophosphate].		1966	5994934
incorporation of amino acids into protein by cell-free extracts of penicillium chrysogenum.		1966	5988123
negapillin, a new antibiotic isolated from metabolites of penicillium chrysogenum.		1966	5952016
nonenzymatic and enzymatic hydroxylation of phenylacetic acid in penicillium chrysogenum cultures.		1966	5998188
differences in diploids synthesized between the same parental strains of penicillium chrysogenum.		1966	5297393
acylation of 6-aminopenicillanic acid by penicillium chrysogenum.		1966	16349678
the biosynthesis of biotin in growing yeast cells: the formation of biotin from an early intermediate.	1. yeast cells grown in the presence of an unknown radioactive biotin vitamer produced by penicillium chrysogenum incorporated the vitamer into the newly synthesized biotin. 2. the biotin was isolated as the avidin-biotin complex and after hydrolysis the biological activity and radioactivity were shown to be coincidental. 3. the specific activity of the biotin was identical with that of the pimelic acid used in a previous investigation to label the unknown vitamer. 4. the role of the unknown bio ...	1966	16742431
an early intermediate in the biosynthesis of biotin: incorporation studies with [1,7-c(2)]pimelic acid.	1. an unknown biotin vitamer was obtained in high yields in culture filtrates of penicillium chrysogenum. 2. production of this vitamer and desthiobiotin is controlled by the biotin concentration in the medium. 3. the unknown vitamer becomes labelled when the organism is grown in the presence of radioactive pimelic acid. 4. chromatographic procedures were developed for the purification of the radioactive vitamer. 5. the vitamer is extremely stable in concentrated acid but gives rise to new vitam ...	1966	16742432
biological breakdown of benzylpenicillin by preformed mats of penicillin-producing organisms.	1. penicillium chrysogenum and aspergillus flavus degraded benzylpenicillin in the same way. 2. degradation of the antibiotic was initiated by the cleavage of phenylacetic acid from 6-aminopenicillanic acid. 3. phenylacetic acid was left unchanged whereas 6-aminopenicillanic acid was degraded into cysteine and valine. this reaction is probably complex. 4. cysteine was not utilized but valine was cleaved into acetone and glycine. catabolism of valine by the preformed mats of the two moulds confir ...	1966	16742463
nonessentiality of boron in fungi and the nature of its toxicity.	an investigation was undertaken to determine whether any of the following fungi had a requirement for boron (b): saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus niger, neurospora crassa, and penicillium chrysogenum. boron was unessential, and hence a study was made of the concentrations of b that reduced the growth of s. cerevisiae and p. chrysogenum and the mode of action of the b toxicity. fifty and 4000 mg b/liter, respectively, significantly (5% level) reduced the growth of the latter 2 species.in bot ...	1966	16656256
effect of growth rate on the synthesis of penicillin by penicillium chrysogenum in batch and chemostat cultures.	the kinetics of penicillin production by penicillium chrysogenum wis 54-1255 in a glucose-limited chemostat and in batch cultures are reported. the specific production rate of penicillin, q(pen) (units per milligram of dry weight per hour) was independent of specific growth rate over the range 0.014 to 0.086 hr. growth was stopped by restricting the glucose supply to the "maintenance ration," that is, the glucose requirement of the organism at zero growth rate with all other nutrients in excess. ...	1967	16349736
penicillin acyltransferase in penicillium chrysogenum.	isotopic exchange of (35)s between penicillins and 6-amino-penicillanic acid (6-apa) was observed in cell-free extracts of penicillium chrysogenum. sulfhydryl-containing compounds were required for activity. dithiothreitol, dithioerythritol, mercaptoethanol, and glutathione served as activators. the acyltransferase was purified threefold by adsorption on calcium phosphate gel at ph 6 and elution at ph 8. the partially purified enzyme showed maximal activity at ph 8. the enzyme was stable at 25 c ...	1967	4964480
the effect of concentration, time and temperature on the viability of penicillium notatum spores exposed to phenols.		1967	4383695
carbohydrate metabolism of penicillium chrysogenum spores. i. occurrence of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes in cell-free extracts of spores.		1967	4233797
use of dried mycelium of penicillium chrysogenum as the only constituent of seed medium in penicillin fermentation.		1967	6035149
experimental microbiology of saturated salt solutions and other harsh environments. 3. growth of salt-tolerant penicillium notatum in boron-rich media.	a stress-tolerant strain of penicillium notatum, isolated by passage through a nutrient solution saturated with calcium acetate, was found to have a tolerance to boron in several states of oxidation. growth in the presence of elementary boron, saturating amounts of boric acid, and with various concentrations of sodium borohydride was observed and mycelial mats were spectrographically analyzed for boron accumulation.	1967	6076112
on the mechanism of the stimulation by anionic amphipaths of lecithin hydrolysis by phospholipase b of penicillium notatum.		1967	6049946
[storage and mutation of the penicillin producent--penicillium chrysogenum strain 194 a].		1967	5593953
effect of co-2 on the germination of penicillium chrysogenum spores.		1967	5598142
self stimulation and self inhibition in penicillium chrysogenum.		1967	5591332
[on the primary stages of orthophosphate absorbion by mycelium of penicillium chrysogenum].		1967	5592286
[sedimentation and diffusion coefficients from the transport of enzymatic activities. application of the method of determination to the glucose oxidases from penicillium notatum (notatin) and aspergillus niger (nigerin)].		1967	6030353
microbiology of saturated salt solutions and other harsh environments. ii. ribonucleotide dependency in the growth of a salt-habituated penicillium notatum in salt-free nutrient media.	a strain of penicillium notatum has been found growing upon media containing saturated calcium acetate which upon passage through media containing saturated kc1 loses its ability to grow at normal rates in salt-free glucose-peptone medium. this salt-habituated form can be restored to a near-normal growth rate by adding yeast extract, rna or rna-hydrolysates, but not by dna or its hydrolysate. the 4 rna nucleotides in combination replace yeast extract whereas riboside and base combinations do not ...	1967	6040891
fatty acid composition of mycelium of penicillium chrysogenum grown in different carbohydrates as a sole source of carbon.		1968	5721123
purification of an extracellular proteinase from penicillium notatum.		1968	5726849
studies on cellulolytic enzymes. 3. isolation of a cellulase from penicillium notatum.		1968	5642601
studies on the lecithinase from penicillium notatum.		1968	5646049
the influence of maintenance energy and growth rate on the metabolic activity, morphology and conidiation of penicillium chrysogenum.		1968	5652074
studies on cellulolytic enzymes. iv. chemical and physiochemical characterization of a cellulase for penicillium notatum.		1968	5661595
microbiology of saturated salt solutions and other harsh environments. iv. new observations on ribonucleotide-induced recovery of kcl-habituated penicillium notatum.	salt-tolerant mutant penicillium notatum sub-cultured in a glucose-peptone broth saturated with kcl shows continued attenuated growth when transferred to salt-free broth. additional tests have shown e. coli s-rna to be inferior to yeast rna preparations, that base-free phosphate sources are inactive, but that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and flavine adenine dinucleotide are moderately active. all phosphate derivatives of adenine, cytosine and guanosine and inosine were active including 5'-p ...	1968	5638041
influence of hydrogen ions on the stability and structure of a cellulase from penicillium notatum.		1968	5661619
specificity and control of choline-o-sulfate transport in filamentous fungi.	choline-o-sulfate uptake by penicillium notatum showed the following characteristics. (i) transport was mediated by a permease which is highly specific for choline-o-sulfate. no significant inhibition of transport was caused by choline, choline-o-phosphate, acetylcholine, ethanolamine-o-phosphate, ethanolamine-o-sulfate, methanesulfonyl choline, 2-aminoethane thiosulfate, or the monomethyl or dimethyl analogues of choline-o-sulfate. similarly, no significant inhibition was caused by any common s ...	1968	5726299
lysine control of alpha-aminoadipate and penicillin synthesis in penicillium chrysogenum.		1968	5704806
studies on cellulolytic enzymes. v. some structural properties of the cellulase from penicillium notatum.		1968	5661596
isolation of a water-soluble polysaccharide from the mycelium of penicillium chrysogenum. (studies on fungal polysaccharides. v.).		1968	5709239
biosynthesis of penicillins. i. isolation of a 6-aminopenicillanic acid acyltransferase from penicillium chrysogenum.		1968	5727632
structure and function of a cellulase from penicillium notatum as studies by chemical modification and solvent accessibility.		1968	5686590
degeneration of penicillin titre in cultures of penicillium chrysogenum.		1968	4231249
isolation and characterization of glutathione reductase from penicillium chrysogenum.		1968	4386798
glutathione reductase-dependent metabolism of cysteine-s-sulfate by penicillium chrysogenum.		1968	4386799
[on the biosynthesis of penicillin. studies on the enzymatic activation of phenylacetic acid and phenoxyacetic acid as well as the formation of penicillin from 6-aminopenicillanic acid and activated side chain acids by mycelial homogenates and cell-free extracts of penicillium chrysogenum].		1968	4969964
specificity of penicillin acylase of fusarium and of penicillium chrysogenum.	extracts containing penicillin acylase were obtained by shaking the mycelium of fusarium avenaceum and of penicillium chrysogenum in 0.2 m sodium acetate or sodium chloride solution. the optimum ph for conversion of penicillin v into 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-apa) by the enzyme of fusarium was about 7.5, and the reaction velocity was increased by a rise in temperature from 27 to 37 c. penicillin g and penicillins with an aliphatic side chain were cleaved much less readily than was penicillin v ...	1968	4971722
a non-discriminating proteinase of penicillium notatum. partial purification and specificity.		1968	5636374
studies on the synthesis of valine moiety of 6-aminopenicillanic acid by preformed mats of penicillium chrysogenum.		1968	5706415
the persistence of parental genome segregation in penicillium chrysogenum after nitrogen mustard treatment.		1968	5672976
[to the study on natural variability of penicillium chrysogenum strain 194].		1968	5674783
[on the presence of polymeric form phosphate in mycellium of penicillium chrysogenum q-176].		1968	5727714
[refining of production strains of penicillium chrysogenum].		1969	5364002
the chemistry and molecular architecture of the cell walls of penicillium chrysogenum.		1969	5348600
[somatic segregation of penicillium chrysogenum strain 194].		1969	5404301