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assessing the genome-wide effect of promoter region tandem repeat natural variation on gene expression.copy number polymorphisms of nucleotide tandem repeat (tr) regions, such as microsatellites and minisatellites, are mutationally reversible and highly abundant in eukaryotic genomes. studies linking tr polymorphism to phenotypic variation have led some to suggest that tr variation modulates and majorly contributes to phenotypic variation; however, studies in which the authors assess the genome-wide impact of tr variation on phenotype are lacking. to address this question, we quantified relations ...201223275886
in vitro antifungal activity of dehydrozingerone and its fungitoxic properties.the efficacy of dehydrozingerone (dz; dehydroderivative of zingerone) as an antifungal agent and its mode of action against food spoilage fungal pathogens was studied and presented. dz is a constituent of ginger (zingiber officinale rhizomes) and structural half analogue of curcumin. its efficacy against aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus ochraceus, fusarium oxysporum and penicillium chrysogenum was evaluated. effect of dz on the growth and sporulation of a. o ...201223278709
lethal and mutagenic effects of ion beams and γ-rays in aspergillus oryzae.aspergillus oryzae is a fungus that is used widely in traditional japanese fermentation industries. in this study, the lethal and mutagenic effects of different linear energy transfer (let) radiation in freeze-dried conidia of a. oryzae were investigated. the lethal effect, which was evaluated by a 90% lethal dose, was dependent on the let value of the ionizing radiation. the most lethal ionizing radiation among that tested was (12)c(5+) ion beams with an let of 121kev/μm. the (12)c(5+) ion beam ...201223280012
xylitol production by nad(+)-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase (xdha)- and l-arabitol-4-dehydrogenase (lada)-disrupted mutants of aspergillus oryzae.aspergillus oryzae can metabolize xylan to d-xylose and d-xylose to xylitol. however, accumulation of xylitol is controlled by dehydrogenases, such as xylitol dehydrogenase (xdh) and l-arabitol-4-dehydrogenase (lad), and fluxed into the pentose phosphate pathway. in a. oryzae, xdh and lad are encoded by xdha and lada, respectively. we disrupted the xdha and lada genes individually in an attempt to increase xylitol production. the xdha- and lada-disrupted mutants were constructed by homologous tr ...201323287496
two-step purification of a novel β-glucosidase with high transglycosylation activity and another hypothetical β-glucosidase in aspergillus oryzae hml366 and enzymatic characterization.two novel β-glucosidases (bghg1 and bghg2) were purified from the enzyme extract of aspergillus oryzae hml366 through nondenaturing gel electrophoresis and anion-exchange chromatography. the molecular weights for bghg1 and bghg2 were 93 and 138 kda, respectively. the amino acid sequences were determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time of flight. the mascot and blast analyses indicated that bghg1 has the same sequence as the hypothetical protein xp_001816831 from a. ory ...201323288594
identification of csypyrone b2 and b3 as the minor products of aspergillus oryzae type iii polyketide synthase csyb.since our first report on the identification of the fungal type iii polyketide synthase (pks) genes csya~d in aspergillus oryzae rib40, type iii pks homologues have also been found in other fungal species. we previously reported the isolation and structural determination of csypyrone b1 as the main product of csyb when inductively expressed in aspergillus oryzae. herein we report the isolation and identification of the two minor products of the csyb transformant in addition to csypyrone b1 as 4- ...201223290452
optimization of the nutrition for biodegradation of vinasse by aspergillus oryzae using response surface methodology.direct discharge of vinasse from the distillery industry causes resource wasting and environmental destruction due to its mass of organic components. aspergillus oryzae cgmcc5992 is capable of degrading the organic substrates of wastewater. one-factor-at-a-time design was adopted to select the most important nutrients influencing the degradation of organic materials of vinasse. box-behnken design (bbd) with design-expert (8.0.4) was used to develop mathematical model equations, study responses, ...201323306254
isolation and characterisation of a ferrirhodin synthetase gene from the sugarcane pathogen fusarium sacchari.fsn1, a gene isolated from the sugar-cane pathogen fusarium sacchari, encodes a 4707-residue nonribosomal peptide synthetase consisting of three complete adenylation, thiolation and condensation modules followed by two additional thiolation and condensation domain repeats. this structure is similar to that of ferricrocin synthetase, which makes a siderophore that is involved in intracellular iron storage in other filamentous fungi. heterologous expression of fsn1 in aspergillus oryzae resulted i ...201323307607
reconstitution of biosynthetic machinery for indole-diterpene paxilline in aspergillus oryzae.indole-diterpenes represented by paxilline share a common pentacyclic core skeleton derived from indole and geranylgeranyl diphosphate. to shed light on the detailed biosynthetic mechanism of the paspaline-type hexacyclic skeleton, we examined the reconstitution of paxilline biosynthetic machinery in aspergillus oryzae nsar1. stepwise introduction of the six pax genes enabled us to isolate all biosynthetic intermediates and to synthesize paxilline. in vitro and in vivo studies on the key enzymes ...201323311903
analysis of microflora profile in korean traditional nuruk.a variety of nuruk were collected from various provinces in korea, and their microflora profiles were analyzed at the species level. a total of 42 nuruk samples were collected and when the viable cell numbers in these nuruk were enumerated, the average cell numbers of bacteria, fungi, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria from all nuruk were 7.21, 7.91, 3.49, and 4.88 log cfu/10 g, respectively. there were no significant differences in viable cell numbers of bacteria or fungi according to regions coll ...201323314366
identification of ophiobolin f synthase by a genome mining approach: a sesterterpene synthase from aspergillus clavatus.during a screening of putative diterpene synthase genes found in public databases using the aspergillus oryzae expression system, it was found that a single transformant with the acla_76850 gene from a. clavatus produced a sesterterpene alcohol, ophiobolin f, and three minor sesterterpene hydrocarbons. the sesterterpene synthase has two catalytically independent domains (prenyltransferase/terpene cyclase) which are homologous to those of diterpene synthase, fusicoccadiene synthase. coevolution o ...201323324037
detailed analysis of galactooligosaccharides synthesis with β-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae.the synthesis of galactooligosaccharides (gos) catalyzed by β-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae (enzeco) was studied. using 400 g/l of lactose and 15 u/ml, maximum gos yield, measured by hpaec-pad, was 26.8% w/w of total carbohydrates, obtained at approximately 70% lactose conversion. no less than 17 carbohydrates were identified; the major transgalactosylation product was 6'-o-β-galactosyl-lactose, representing nearly one-third (in weight) of total gos. in contrast with previous reports, th ...201323330921
a straightforward access to tmg-chitooligomycins and their evaluation as β-n-acetylhexosaminidase inhibitors.a chemo-biotechnological approach is reported for the synthesis of tmg-chitooligomycins, co-n (nme(3)). their abilities to inhibit β-n-acetylhexosaminidases (hexnacases), from aspergillus oryzae (aohex, fungi), canavalia ensiformis (cehex, plant) hexnacases and a chitobiase from serratia marcescens (smchb, bacteria) were studied and compared with their precursors co-n (n). co-n (nme(3)) were revealed as potent inhibitors for aohex and smchb with a proved chain length effect while co-n (n) was a ...201223333949
offline and online capillary electrophoresis enzyme assays of β-n-acetylhexosaminidase.enzyme assays of β-n-acetylhexosaminidase from aspergillus oryzae using capillary electrophoresis in the offline and online setup have been developed. the ph value and concentration of the borate-based background electrolyte were optimized in order to achieve baseline separation of n,n',n″-triacetylchitotriose, n,n'-diacetylchitobiose, and n-acetyl-d-glucosamine. the optimized method using 25 mm tetraborate buffer, ph 10.0, was evaluated in terms of repeatability, limits of detection, quantifica ...201323338752
purification and characterization of a glutaminase enzyme accounting for the majority of glutaminase activity in aspergillus sojae under solid-state culture.glutaminase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes l-glutamine to l-glutamate, plays an important role in the production of fermented foods by enhancing the umami taste. in this study, we found ten glutaminase genes in the aspergillus sojae genome by conducting a blast search of the characterized glutaminase sequence. we subsequently constructed glutaminase gene disruptants. the glutaminase activity of the gahb disruptant was decreased by approximately 90 % in a. sojae and aspergillus oryzae, indicating tha ...201323339014
heterologous expression and characterization of a glycoside hydrolase family 45 endo-β-1,4-glucanase from a symbiotic protist of the lower termite, reticulitermes speratus.the termite symbiotic system is one of the efficient lignocellulose degradation systems. we tried to express and characterize a novel cellulolytic enzyme from this system. here, we report the isolation of an endo-β-1,4-glucanase gene homolog of glycoside hydrolase family 45 from a symbiotic protistan community of reticulitermes speratus. heterologous expression of this gene was performed using the expression system of aspergillus oryzae. analysis of enzymatic properties revealed 786 μmol/min/mg ...201323354496
enzymatic synthesis of 2-aminoethyl β-d-galactopyranoside catalyzed by aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase.glycosidases provide a powerful resource for in vitro synthesis of novel anomerically pure glycosides. generation of new low molecular weight galactosides is of interest since they are potential galectin inhibitors. galectins are molecular targets for cancer therapy and thus their inhibitors are potential antitumor agents. here we report the enzymatic synthesis and structural characterization of 2-aminoethyl β-d-galactopyranoside. critical parameters for transgalactosylation using either soluble ...201223357285
the supplementation of low-p diets with microbial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae increases p and ca digestibility in growing pigs.a trial was conducted to evaluate the dose response of a novel microbial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae (ronozyme hiphos; dsm nutritional products, basel, switzerland) in pigs. forty-eight individually housed pigs (landrace × pietrain; 52 kg bw; 24 males and 24 females) were distributed among 6 experimental treatments consisting of a low-p diet (3.5 g p/kg; 1.1 g digestible p/kg), which was supplemented with 500, 1000, 2000, or 4000 units of phytase activity/kg, and a standard-p diet ...201223365288
the supplementation of low-p diets with microbial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae improves p digestibility in sows.two trials were conducted to evaluate a novel microbial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae (ronozyme hiphos; dsm nutritional products, basel, switzerland) in gestating and lactating sows. in the first trial, 24 sows (duroc × landrace; 223 kg bw) were offered, at 16 d of gestation, a low-p control diet (formulated to provide 4.0 g total p/kg; 1.5 g digestible p/kg) supplemented with 0, 500, or 1000 phytase activity (fyt)/kg of phytase. two weeks later, fresh feces were sampled from all sow ...201223365297
the effects of supplementation of a novel bacterial 6-phytase on mineral digestibility and plasma minerals in lactating sows.pigs digest p in plant feedstuffs poorly because pigs do not produce sufficient endogenous phytase to hydrolyze p from phytate (inositol hexaphosphate). supplementation of phytase to diets of piglets and grower-finisher pigs increased digestibility of minerals including p and ca; however, data on phytase efficacy in lactating sows are scarce. therefore, effects of adding a bacterial 6-phytase expressed in a strain of aspergillus oryzae (ronozyme hiphos; dsm nutritional products, basel, switzerla ...201223365301
synthetic dye decolorization by three sources of fungal laccase.decolorization of six synthetic dyes using three sources of fungal laccase with the origin of aspergillus oryzae, trametes versicolor, and paraconiothyrium variabile was investigated. among them, the enzyme from p. variabile was the most efficient which decolorized bromophenol blue (100%), commassie brilliant blue (91%), panseu-s (56%), rimazol brilliant blue r (rbbr; 47%), congo red (18.5%), and methylene blue (21.3%) after 3 h incubation in presence of hydroxybenzotriazole (hbt; 5 mm) as the l ...201223369690
effect of a fermented brown rice extract on the gastrointestinal function in methotrexate-treated rats.we investigated the protective effect of a hydrous ethanol extract of brown rice fermented with aspergillus oryzae (erf) which contained nucleobases and low fiber on the methotrexate (mtx)-induced gastrointestinal damage in rats. the rats were assigned to three groups: control (con), mtx, and mtx-erf. the rats in the con and mtx groups were fed for 4 weeks on a basal diet, and those in the mtx-erf group were fed on a 9.16% erf-containing basal diet. the rats in the mtx and mtx-erf groups were ad ...201323391910
manr, a transcriptional regulator of the β-mannan utilization system, controls the cellulose utilization system in aspergillus oryzae.manr, a dna-binding protein possessing the zn(ii)(2)cys(6) binuclear cluster domain, acts as a positive regulator of mannanolytic enzyme genes in aspergillus oryzae. in this study, we found that manr controlled the expression not only of mannanolytic enzyme genes but also of cellulolytic enzyme genes in a. oryzae, based on dna microarray analysis of a manr-disruptant and a manr-overexpressing strain. a new model for the regulation of cellulase and hemicellulase genes mediated by manr and xlnr in ...201323391935
occurrence of toxigenic aspergillus spp. and aflatoxins in selected food commodities of asian origin sourced in the west of scotland.the occurrence of aspergillus moulds and aflatoxins in 12 commercially-available dried foods of asian origin were examined. all food samples, except green beans and three types of dried fruit, contained multiple genera of moulds of which aspergillus (55%) was the most frequently detected. penicillium (15%), rhizopus (11%), mucor (3%), monascus (1%), eurotium (1%) and unidentified (14%) were also observed. the occurrence of aflatoxigenic moulds, however, did not correspond with the occurrence of ...201323416649
hierarchical meso-macroporous silica grafted with glyoxyl groups: opportunities for covalent immobilization of enzymes.hierarchical meso-macroporous silica (average mesopore diameter 20 nm) was synthesized and chemically modified to be used as a support for the immobilization of lipases from candida antarctica b and alcaligenes sp. and β-galactosidases from bacillus circulans and aspergillus oryzae. catalytic activities and thermal stabilities of enzymes immobilized by multipoint covalent attachment in silica derivatized with glyoxyl groups were compared with those immobilized in glyoxyl-agarose, assessing bioca ...201323416689
2-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-phenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside derivatives as fluorescent pigment dyeing substrates and their application for the assay of β-d-galactosidase activities.2-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-phenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside derivatives were synthesized as novel artificial fluorescent pigment dyeing substrates for β-d-galactosidase. the substrates, which exhibited non-fluorescence or weak fluorescence in solution phase, were smoothly hydrolyzed by β-d-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae and yielded a water-insoluble strong fluorescent pigment. the difference of fluorescent intensity exhibited a linear relationship with the amount of enzyme.201323434417
nad⁺-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase (xdha) and l-arabitol-4-dehydrogenase (lada) deletion mutants of aspergillus oryzae for improved xylitol production.xylitol dehydrogenase (xdha) and l-arabitol dehydrogenase (lada) are two key enzymes in xylan metabolism catalyzing the oxidation of xylitol to d-xylulose and arabitol to l-xylulose, respectively. in aspergillus oryzae, xdha and lada are encoded by xdha and lada. we deleted xdha and lada and xdha-lada to generate mutants with decreased dehydrogenase activities and increased xylitol production. the mutants were constructed by homologous transformation into a. oryzae p4 (∆pyrg) using pyrg as a sel ...201323436125
effect of heavy atoms on the thermal stability of α-amylase from aspergillus oryzae.currently, there are no versatile and established methods for improving stability of proteins. in an entirely different approach from conventional techniques such as mutagenesis, we attempted to enhance enzyme stability of α-amylase from aspergillus oryzae using a heavy-atom derivatization technique. we evaluated changes in stability using differential scanning calorimetry (dsc). candidate heavy atoms were identified using the heavy-atom database system hatodas, a web-based tool designed to assi ...201323451229
synthesis of novel 2-amino-4-(5'-substituted 2'-phenyl-1h-indol-3'-yl)-6-aryl-4h-pyran-3-carbonitrile derivatives as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents.as a part of systematic investigation of synthesis and biological activities of indole analogues linked to various heterocyclic systems, we have synthesized new compounds viz., 2-amino-4-(5'-substituted 2'-phenyl-1h-indol-3'-yl)-6-aryl-4h-pyran-3-carbonitriles (2a-i), 4,5-diamino-6-(5'-substituted 2'-phenyl-1h-indol-3'-yl)-8-aryl-2-oxo-2,6-dihydrodipyrano [2,3-b:3,2-e]pyridine-3-carbonitriles (3a-i), 4-amino-5-(5'-substituted 2'-phenyl-1h-indol-3-yl)-7-aryl-1h-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(5h)-ones ( ...201323454016
fuzzy logic control of rotating drum bioreactor for improved production of amylase and protease enzymes by aspergillus oryzae in solid-state fermentation.in this study, we compared the performance of two control systems, fuzzy logic control (flc) and conventional control (cc). the control systems were applied for controlling temperature and substrate moisture content in a solidstate fermentation for the biosynthesis of amylase and protease enzymes by aspergillus oryzae. the fermentation process was achieved in a 200 l rotating drum bioreactor. three factors affecting temperature and moisture content in the solid-state fermentation were considered ...201323462006
breeding research on sake yeasts in japan: history, recent technological advances, and future perspectives.sake is an alcoholic beverage of japan, with a tradition lasting more than 1,300 years; it is produced from rice and water by fermenting with the koji mold aspergillus oryzae and sake yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. breeding research on sake yeasts was originally developed in japan by incorporating microbiological and genetic research methodologies adopted in other scientific areas. since the advent of a genetic paradigm, isolation of yeast mutants has been a dominant approach for the breeding o ...201323464572
protodioscin-glycosidase-1 hydrolyzing 26-o-β-d-glucoside and 3-o-(1 → 4)-α-l-rhamnoside of steroidal saponins from aspergillus oryzae.a novel protodioscin-(steroidal saponin)-glycoside hydrolase, named protodioscin-glycosidase-1 (pgase-1), was purified and characterized from the aspergillus oryzae strain. the molecular mass of this enzyme was determined to be about 55 kda based on sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. pgase-1 was able to hydrolyze the terminal 26-o-β-d-glucopyranoside of protodioscin (furostanoside) to produce dioscin (spirostanoside), and then further hydrolyze the terminal 3-o-(1 → 4)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside ...201323467827
preparation of progenin iii from total steroidal saponins of dioscorea nipponica makino using a crude enzyme from aspergillus oryzae strain.progenin iii, one of the most active spirostanol saponins, is a potential candidate for anti-cancer therapy due to its strong antitumor activity and low hemolytic activity. however, the concentration of progenin iii is extremely low in natural dioscorea plants. in this paper, the progenin iii production from total steroidal saponins of dioscorea nipponica makino was studied using the crude enzyme from aspergillus oryzae dlfcc-38. the crude enzyme converting total steroidal saponins into progenin ...201323471779
effects of a novel bacterial phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae on digestibility of calcium and phosphorus in diets fed to weanling or growing pigs.in 2 experiments, 48 weanling (initial bw: 13.5 ± 2.4 kg, exp. 1) and 24 growing pigs (initial bw: 36.2 ± 4.0 kg, exp. 2) were used to determine effects of a novel bacterial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae on the apparent total tract digestibility (attd) of phosphorus and calcium in corn-soybean meal diets fed to weanling and growing pigs. in exp. 1 and 2, pigs were randomly allotted to 6 dietary treatments using a randomized complete block design and a balanced 2 period changeover des ...201323497607
optimisation of synthesis of oligosaccharides derived from lactulose (fructosyl-galacto-oligosaccharides) with β-galactosidases of different origin.batch synthesis of fructosyl-galacto-oligosaccharides from lactulose was performed with commercial β-galactosidase preparations from aspergillus oryzae, kluyveromyces lactis and bacillus circulans. the enzyme from a. oryzae produced the highest yield and specific productivity of synthesis, being selected for further studies. optimization of fructosyl-galacto-oligosaccharides synthesis was carried out using response surface methodology, considering temperature and initial sugar concentration as v ...201223497880
further enhanced production of heterologous proteins by double-gene disruption (δaosedd δaovps10) in a hyper-producing mutant of aspergillus oryzae.the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae is used as one of the most favored hosts for heterologous protein production due to its ability to secrete large amounts of proteins into the culture medium. we previously generated a hyper-producing mutant strain of a. oryzae, aut1, which produced 3.2- and 2.6-fold higher levels of bovine chymosin (chy) and human lysozyme (hly), respectively, compared with the wild-type strain. however, further enhancement of heterologous protein production by multiple ...201323504109
enhanced thermostability of a mesophilic xylanase by n-terminal replacement designed by molecular dynamics simulation.xylanases have attracted much attention owing to their potential applications. the applicability of xylanases, however, was bottlenecked by their low stabilities at high temperature or extreme ph. the purpose of this work was to enhance the thermostability of a mesophilic xylanase by n-terminal replacement.201323512640
identification of telomerase rnas from filamentous fungi reveals conservation with vertebrates and yeasts.telomeres are the nucleoprotein complexes at eukaryotic chromosomal ends. telomeric dna is synthesized by the ribonucleoprotein telomerase, which comprises a telomerase reverse transcriptase (tert) and a telomerase rna (ter). ter contains a template for telomeric dna synthesis. filamentous fungi possess extremely short and tightly regulated telomeres. although tert is well conserved between most organisms, ter is highly divergent and thus difficult to identify. in order to identify the ter seque ...201323555591
inhibition kinetics of lipid oxidation of model foods by using antioxidant extract of fermented soybeans.fermentation by using aspergillus oryzae has been reported to increase antioxidant activity of soybeans significantly. the effectiveness of the extract from fermented soybeans was studied in 3 model foods with different complexities, i.e., linoleic acid emulsion, sunflower oil emulsions and bulk sunflower oil. for the emulsion systems, oxidation at two different ph values (4.5 and 7) was also compared. a reparameterised logistic equation was used to describe and to predict the experimental data. ...201323561179
time-dependent correlation of the microbial community and the metabolomics of traditional barley nuruk starter fermentation.the microbial community and the metabolites of barley nuruk were studied to determine the time-dependent correlation between the fermentation of microbes and metabolites. samples were analyzed by a polyphasic approach based on culture-dependent, culture-independent (pcr-dgge and qpcr analysis), and metabolite analysis using gc-ms. barley nuruk consists of varying amounts of bacteria, yeasts, and molds. the pcr-dgge results showed that only one phylotype, aspergillus oryzae, was predominant throu ...201323563559
isolation and characterization of a proteinaceous antifungal compound from lactobacillus plantarum yml007 and its application as a food preservative.korean kimchi is known for its myriad of lactic acid bacteria (lab) with diverse bioactive compounds. this study was undertaken to isolate an efficient antifungal lab strain among the isolated kimchi labs. one thousand and four hundred labs isolated from different kimchi samples were initially screened against aspergillus niger. the strain exhibiting the highest antifungal activity was identified as lactobacillus plantarum yml007 by 16s rrna sequencing and biochemical assays using api 50 chl kit ...201323565693
high-level extracellular production and characterization of candida antarctica lipase b in pichia pastoris.the gene encoding lipase b from candida antarctica (calb) was expressed in pichia pastoris after it was synthesized by the recursive pcr and cloned into the pichia expression plasmid, ppiczαa. the calb was successfully secreted in the recombinant p. pastoris strain x-33 with an apparent molecular weight of 34 kda. for 140 h flask culture, the dry cell weight and the extracellular lipase activity reached at 5.4 g/l and 57.9 u/l toward p-nitrophenyl palmitate, respectively. when we performed the f ...201323571105
food waste as nutrient source in heterotrophic microalgae cultivation.glucose, free amino nitrogen (fan), and phosphate were recovered from food waste by fungal hydrolysis using aspergillus awamori and aspergillus oryzae. using 100g food waste (dry weight), 31.9 g glucose, 0.28 g fan, and 0.38 g phosphate were recovered after 24h of hydrolysis. the pure hydrolysate has then been used as culture medium and nutrient source for the two heterotrophic microalgae schizochytrium mangrovei and chlorella pyrenoidosa, s. mangrovei and c. pyrenoidosa grew well on the complex ...201323587816
[effect of n-terminal disulfide bridge on thermostability of family 11 xylanases].a mesophilic xylanase from aspergillus oryzae, abbreviated to aoxyn11a, belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 11. using aoxyn11a as the parent, the thermotolerant hybrid xylanase, we constructed aex11a by substituting its n-terminus with the corresponding region of a hyperthermostable family 11 xylanase, evxyn11(ts). aoxyn11a- and aex11a-encoding genes were expressed in pichia pastoris gs115 separately, and effects of temperatures on expressed products were determined and compared. the optimum t ...201223593868
allergens causing occupational asthma: an evidence-based evaluation of the literature.the aim of this work is to provide an evidence-based evaluation and overview of causative substances in order to improve disease management.201423595938
functional analysis of abp1p-interacting proteins involved in endocytosis of the mcc component in aspergillus oryzae.we have investigated the functions of three endocytosis-related proteins in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae. yeast two-hybrid screening using the endocytic marker protein aoabp1 (a.oryzae homolog of saccharomyces cerevisiae abp1p) as a bait identified four interacting proteins named aip (aoabp1 interacting proteins). in mature hyphae, egfp (enhanced green fluorescent protein) fused to aips colocalized with aoabp1 at the hyphal tip region and the plasma membrane, suggesting that aips fu ...201323597630
microbial lipid production from potato processing wastewater using oleaginous filamentous fungi aspergillus oryzae.use of potato processing wastewater for microbial lipid production by oleaginous filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae was studied with the purpose of recycling potato processing wastewater for biodiesel production. the wastewater contained high concentrations of solids, starch and nutrients. sterilization of the potato processing wastewater resulted in a thick gelatinized medium, causing the fungi to grow slow. in order to overcome this problem, the wastewater was diluted with tap water at thre ...201323597680
biodegradation of nicotine by a novel nicotine-degrading bacterium, pseudomonas plecoglossicida tnd35 and its new biotransformation intermediates.tobacco wastes that contain nicotine alkaloids are harmful to human health and the environment. in the investigation, a novel nicotine-biodegrading bacterium tnd35 was isolated and identified as pseudomonas plecoglossicida on the basis of phenotypic, biochemical characteristics and 16s rrna sequence homology. we have studied the nicotine biodegradation potential of strain tnd35 by detecting the intermediate metabolites using an array of approaches such as hplc, gc-ms, nmr and ft-ir. biotransform ...201423604517
a robust whole-cell biocatalyst that introduces a thermo- and solvent-tolerant lipase into aspergillus oryzae cells: characterization and application to enzymatic biodiesel production.to develop a robust whole-cell biocatalyst that works well at moderately high temperature (40-50°c) with organic solvents, a thermostable lipase from geobacillus thermocatenulatus (btl2) was introduced into an aspergillus oryzae whole-cell biocatalyst. the lipase-hydrolytic activity of the immobilized a. oryzae (r-btl) was highest at 50°c and was maintained even after an incubation of 24-h at 60°c. in addition, r-btl was highly tolerant to 30% (v/v) organic solvents (dimethyl carbonate, ethanol, ...201323608501
high-efficiency removal of phytic acid in soy meal using two-stage temperature-induced aspergillus oryzae solid-state fermentation.phytic acid of soy meal (sm) could influence protein and important mineral digestion of monogastric animals. aspergillus oryzae (atcc 9362) solid-state fermentation was applied to degrade phytic acid in sm. two-stage temperature fermentation protocol was investigated to increase the degradation rate. the first stage was to maximize phytase production and the second stage was to realize the maximum enzymatic degradation.201423633040
antifungal effect of allium tuberosum, cinnamomum cassia, and pogostemon cablin essential oils and their components against population of aspergillus species.antifungal activity of allium tuberosum (at), cinnamomum cassia (cc), and pogostemon cablin (patchouli, p) essential oils against aspergillus flavus strains 3.2758 and 3.4408 and aspergillus oryzae was tested at 2 water activity levels (aw : 0.95 and 0.98). main components of tested essential oils were: allyl trisulfide 40.05% (at), cinnamaldehyde 87.23% (cc), and patchouli alcohol 44.52% (p). the minimal inhibitory concentration of the plant essential oils against a. flavus strains 3.2758 and 3 ...201323647469
improved production of protease-resistant phytase by aspergillus oryzae and its applicability in the hydrolysis of insoluble phytates.among three hundred isolates of filamentous fungi, aspergillus oryzae sbs50 secreted higher phytase activity at ph 5.0, 35 °c and 200 rpm after 96 h of fermentation. starch and beef extract supported the highest phytase production than other carbon and nitrogen sources. a nine-fold improvement in phytase production was achieved due to optimization. supplementation of the medium with inorganic phosphate repressed the enzyme synthesis. among surfactants tested, tween 80 increased fungal growth and ...201323652971
enhanced production of bovine chymosin by autophagy deficiency in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.aspergillus oryzae has been utilized as a host for heterologous protein production because of its high protein secretory capacity and food-safety properties. however, a. oryzae often produces lower-than-expected yields of target heterologous proteins due to various underlying mechanisms, including degradation processes such as autophagy, which may be a significant bottleneck for protein production. in the present study, we examined the production of heterologous protein in several autophagy (aoa ...201323658635
base composition and nucleosome density in exonic and intronic regions in genes of the filamentous ascomycetes aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus oryzae.we sequenced nucleosomal dna fragments of the filamentous ascomycetes aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus oryzae and then mapped those sequences on their genomes. we compared the gc content and nucleosome density in the exonic and intronic regions in the genes of a. nidulans and a. oryzae. although the gc content and nucleosome density in the exonic regions tended to be higher than those in the intronic regions, the difference in the distribution of the gc content was more notable than that of ...201323664982
fine de novo sequencing of a fungal genome using only solid short read data: verification on aspergillus oryzae rib40.the development of next-generation sequencing (ngs) technologies has dramatically increased the throughput, speed, and efficiency of genome sequencing. the short read data generated from ngs platforms, such as solid and illumina, are quite useful for mapping analysis. however, the solid read data with lengths of <60 bp have been considered to be too short for de novo genome sequencing. here, to investigate whether de novo sequencing of fungal genomes is possible using only solid short read seque ...201323667655
gamma radiation mediated green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using fermented soybean-garlic aqueous extract and their antimicrobial activity.aspergillus oryzae was used to enhance the mobilization of antioxidants of soybean matrix along with garlic as a co-substrate by modulating polyphenolic substances during solid-state fermentation. mobilized polyphenols were used as a green tool for synthesis and stabilization of gold nanoparticles (aunps). the radiation-induced aunps synthesis is a simple, clean and inexpensive process which involves radiolysis of aqueous solution that provides an efficient method to reduce metal ions. gamma irr ...201323667801
comparative genomic analysis of aspergillus oryzae strains 3.042 and rib40 for soy sauce fermentation.the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae 3.042 (chinese strain) is a close relative of a. oryzae rib40 (japanese strain), which is the important agent used for soy sauce fermentation. the genome of a. oryzae 3.042 was sequenced and compared with a. oryzae rib40 in an attempt to understand why different soy sauce flavors are produced by these strains. the a. oryzae 3.042 chromosome is 36,547,279bp and contains 11,399 protein-encoding genes. mummer analysis revealed that the genomes of a. oryzae ...201323673060
the crystal structure of acidic β-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae.the crystal structure of the industrially important aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase has been determined at 2.60 å resolution. the ao-β-gal is a large (985 residues) monomeric multi-domain enzyme that has a catalytic (α/β)8-barrel domain. an electron density map revealed extensive n-glycosylation between the domain interfaces suggesting that the oligosaccharide-chains would have a stabilizing role for the structure of ao-β-gal. comparison of structure with other β-galactosidase structures of g ...201323688418
molecular markers for barrett's esophagus and its progression to cancer.there is a clinical need for biomarkers that can improve diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification of esophageal lesions. here we review the current literature and highlight the most important, recent advancements in biomarkers as a supplement to histopathology for management of patients with barrett's esophagus.201323689523
[influence of fungal elicitor and macroporous resin on shikonin accumulation in hairy roots of arnebia euchroma (royle) johnst].in order to investigate the effects of fungal elicitor and macroporous adsorption resin on shikonin accumulation in hairy roots of arnebia euchroma (royle) johnst, we used spectrophotometry to determine the total naphthoquinone content of the hairy roots, by adding different volume ratio of aspergillus niger elicitor, aspergillus oryzae elicitor, and the macroporous resin into the m-9 liquid medium at different culture time. the results show that the total naphthoquinone content was 2.28 times h ...201323697166
a compendium of causative agents of occupational asthma.the objective is to provide an evidence-based compendium of allergenic and irritant agents that are known to cause occupational asthma in order to improve diagnostics and disease management.201323706060
rapid enzyme production and mycelial growth in solid-state fermentation using the non-airflow box.solid-state fermentation (ssf) has become an attractive alternative to submerged fermentation (smf) for the production of enzymes, organic acids, and secondary metabolites, while there are many problems during the culture of ssf. we recently created a ssf system using a non-airflow box (nab) in order to resolve the problems, which enabled the uniform culture in the whole substrate and high yield of many enzymes. in this paper, further characterization of ssf using the nab was carried out to obta ...201323727349
fungus-specific sirtuin hstd coordinates secondary metabolism and development through control of laea.the sirtuins are members of the nad(+)-dependent histone deacetylase family that contribute to various cellular functions that affect aging, disease, and cancer development in metazoans. however, the physiological roles of the fungus-specific sirtuin family are still poorly understood. here, we determined a novel function of the fungus-specific sirtuin hstd/aspergillus oryzae hst4 (aohst4), which is a homolog of hst4 in a. oryzae yeast. the deletion of all histone deacetylases in a. oryzae demon ...201323729383
use of spent osmotic solutions for the production of fructooligosaccharides by aspergillus oryzae n74.in the food industry, osmotic dehydration can be an important stage to obtain partially dry foodstuffs. however, the remaining spent osmotic solution at the end of the process could become a waste with an important environmental impact due to the large amount of organic compounds that it might contain. since one of the most important osmotic agents used in osmotic dehydration is sucrose, this spent osmotic solution could be used to be biotransformed to produce fructooligosaccharides by a fructos ...201423744119
production of 8-hydroxydaidzein from soybean extract by aspergillus oryzae kacc 40247.aspergillus oryzae kacc 40247 was selected from among 60 fungal strains as an effective 7,8,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone (8-hydroxydaidzein)-producing fungus. the optimal culture conditions for production by this strain in a 7-l fermentor were found to be 30 °c, ph 6, and 300 rpm. under these conditions, a. oryzae kacc 40247 produced 62 mg/l of 8-hydroxydaidzein from soybean extract in 30 h, with a productivity of 2.1 mg/l/h. these are the highest production and productivity for 8-hydroxydaidzein eve ...201323748754
crystal structures of copper-depleted and copper-bound fungal pro-tyrosinase: insights into endogenous cysteine-dependent copper incorporation.tyrosinase, a dinuclear copper monooxygenase/oxidase, plays a crucial role in the melanin pigment biosynthesis. the structure and functions of tyrosinase have so far been studied extensively, but the post-translational maturation process from the pro-form to the active form has been less explored. in this study, we provide the crystal structures of aspergillus oryzae full-length pro-tyrosinase in the holo- and the apo-forms at 1.39 and 2.05 å resolution, respectively, revealing that phe(513) on ...201323749993
structurally diverse chaetophenol productions induced by chemically mediated epigenetic manipulation of fungal gene expression.epigenetic manipulation of gene expression in chaetomium indicum using a hdac inhibitor led to the isolation of structurally diverse chaetophenols, and 3, 4 and 5 bear unprecedented polycyclic skeletons. the expression of two silent genes (pksch-1 and pksch-2) for nonreducing pkss involved in chaetophenol biosynthesis was associated with an increase of histone acetylation level. the heterologous gene expression study in aspergillus oryzae revealed pksch-2 to be the nr-pks gene for 8.201323767797
synthesis and antifungal activities of cyclic octa-lipopeptide burkholdine analogues.synthesis and antifungal activity of cyclic octapeptide derivatives of burkholdines are described. to construct cyclic octapeptides, the combination of fmoc-spps and cyclization with dic/hobt in the solution phase was employed. synthesized peptides were evaluated for antifungal activity with mic values against saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae, and candida viswanathii. as a result, the lipid side chain and the stereochemistry of each amino acid of bk-1097 analogues significantly affec ...201323769641
separation and characterization of the immunostimulatory components in unpolished rice black vinegar (kurozu).unpolished rice black vinegar (kurozu), a traditional japanese vinegar, is considered to have beneficial health effects. kurozu is produced via a static fermentation process involving the saccharification of rice by aspergillus oryzae, alcohol fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid by acetic acid bacteria such as acetobacter pasteurianus. since this process requires about 6 months' fermentation and then over a year of aging, most of these organisms ...201323810669
characterization of a (d)-stereoselective aminopeptidase (dama) exhibiting aminolytic activity and halophilicity from aspergillus oryzae.β-aminopeptidases exhibit both hydrolytic and aminolytic (peptide bond formation) activities and have only been reported in bacteria. we identified a gene encoding the β-aminopeptidase homolog from a genome database of the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae. the gene was overexpressed in a. oryzae, and the resulting recombinant enzyme was purified. apart from bacterial homologs [β-ala-para-nitroanilide (pna)], the enzyme preferred d-leu-pna and d-phe-pna as substrates. therefore, we designate ...201323821291
effect of the combined probiotics with aflatoxin b₁-degrading enzyme on aflatoxin detoxification, broiler production performance and hepatic enzyme gene expression.in order to degrade aflatoxin b₁ (afb₁), afb₁-degrading microbes (probiotics) such as lactobacillus casei, bacillus subtilis and pichia anomala, and the afb₁-degrading enzyme from aspergillus oryzae were selected and combined to make feed additive. seventy-five 43-day-old male arbor acres broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups, 15 broilers for each group. the broilers were given with 5 kinds of diets such as the basal diet, 400 μg/kg afb₁ supplement without feed additive, and 200, 400, 800 ...201323831311
deletion of creb in aspergillus oryzae increases secreted hydrolytic enzyme activity.aspergillus oryzae has been used in the food and beverage industry for centuries, and industrial strains have been produced by multiple rounds of selection. targeted gene deletion technology is particularly useful for strain improvement in such strains, particularly when they do not have a well-characterized meiotic cycle. phenotypes of an aspergillus nidulans strain null for the creb deubiquitinating enzyme include effects on growth and repression, including increased activity levels of various ...201323835170
assessment of a bacterial 6-phytase in the diets of broiler chickens.two 21-d broiler experiments were conducted to assess the efficacy of a bacterial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal molecular markers. two hundred forty birds in 5 treatments (experiment 1) or 256 birds in 4 treatments (experiment 2) were used. the treatments included a negative control diet that was marginally deficient in p (nc) or nc plus tricalcium phosphate, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 phytase units/kg (experiment 1), and nc or nc ...201323873558
mycoflora of soybeans used for meju fermentation.diverse fungi are present in korean traditional meju and they are known to play an important role in fermented soybean products. to determine the origin of the fungi in meju, we examined the mycoflora of soybeans from 10 traditional meju factories. the samples were untreated or treated with sodium hypochlorite, and placed on malt extract agar (mea), dichloran 18% glycerol agar (dg18), and dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol agar (drbc) medium. a total of 794 fungal strains were isolated and th ...201323874133
comparison and analysis of the genomes of two aspergillus oryzae strains.a. oryzae 3.042 (china) and a. oryzae rib40 (japan) used for soy sauce fermentation show some regional differences. we sequenced the genome of a. oryzae 3.042 and compared it to a. oryzae rib40 in an attempt to understand why different features are shown by these two a. oryzae strains. we predict 11,399 protein-coding genes in a. oryzae 3.042. the genomes of these two a. oryzae strains are collinear revealed by mummer analysis, indicating that the differences are not obvious between them. severa ...201323889147
investigation of malic acid production in aspergillus oryzae under nitrogen starvation conditions.malic acid has great potential for replacing petrochemical building blocks in the future. for this application, high yields, rates, and titers are essential in order to sustain a viable biotechnological production process. natural high-capacity malic acid producers like the malic acid producer aspergillus flavus have so far been disqualified because of special growth requirements or the production of mycotoxins. as a. oryzae is a very close relative or even an ecotype of a. flavus, it is likely ...201323892740
engineering the thermostability of a xylanase from aspergillus oryzae by an enhancement of the interactions between the n-terminus extension and the β-sheet a2 of the enzyme.a mesophilic aspergillus oryzae xylanase (aoxyn11a) belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 11. hydrogen bonds and a disulfide bridge were introduced between the n-terminus extension and the β-sheet a2 of aoxyn11a, which were located in the corresponding region of a hyperthermostable xylanase. the mutants were designated as aoxyn11a(c5) and aoxyn11a(c5-c32), respectively. the thermostabilities of aoxyn11a and the mutants were assessed by the molecular dynamics simulations. after being incubated at ...201323907668
metabolic engineering of aspergillus oryzae nrrl 3488 for increased production of l-malic acid.malic acid, a petroleum-derived c4-dicarboxylic acid that is used in the food and beverage industries, is also produced by a number of microorganisms that follow a variety of metabolic routes. several members of the genus aspergillus utilize a two-step cytosolic pathway from pyruvate to malate known as the reductive tricarboxylic acid (rtca) pathway. this simple and efficient pathway has a maximum theoretical yield of 2 mol malate/mol glucose when the starting pyruvate originates from glycolysis ...201323925533
regulation of development in aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus fumigatus.members of the genus aspergillus are the most common fungi and all reproduce asexually by forming long chains of conidiospores (or conidia). the impact of various aspergillus species on humans ranges from beneficial to harmful. for example, several species including aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger are used in industry for enzyme production and food processing. in contrast, aspergillus flavus produce the most potent naturally present carcinogen aflatoxins, which contaminate various plant ...201023956662
protease inhibitor from moringa oleifera with potential for use as therapeutic drug and as seafood preservative.protease inhibitors are well known to have several applications in medicine and biotechnology. several plant sources are known to return potential protease inhibitors. in this study plants belonging to different families of leguminosae, malvaceae, rutaceae, graminae and moringaceae were screened for the protease inhibitor. among them moringa oleifera, belonging to the family moringaceae, recorded high level of protease inhibitor activity after ammonium sulfate fractionation. m. oleifera, which g ...201123961135
bismuth-inhibitory effects on bacteria and stimulation of fungal growth in vitro.bismuth salicylate was found to inhibit the growth of a range of bacteria and yeast, "candida albicans". in general the growth of bacteria did not result in increase in bismuth solubilisation, in contrast, bismuth solubilisation increased following the growth of c. albicans. a significant increase in the biomass (dry weight) of aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae occurred in vitro when these fungi were grown in the presence of bismuth salicylate. biomass increase occurred over a range of bi ...201223961173
kinetics of improved 1,4-alpha-d-glucan glucohydrolase biosynthesis from a newly isolated aspergillus oryzae iib-6 and parameter significance analysis by 2-factorial design.sixteen different mould cultures viz. aspergillus, alternaria, arthroderma, trichoderma, fusarium, penicillium, rhizopus and chochliobolus were isolated from the soil samples of qatar by serial dilution method. the preliminary screening of isolates was done by selecting initial colonies showing relatively bigger zones of starch hydrolysis on nutrient agar plates. the isolates were then subjected to secondary screening by submerged fermentation (smf). the 1,4-α-d-glucan glucohydrolase (ggh) activ ...201223961361
reduction of the degradation activity of umami-enhancing purinic ribonucleotide supplement in miso by the targeted suppression of acid phosphatases in the aspergillus oryzae starter culture.miso (fermented soybean paste) is a traditional japanese fermented food, and is now used worldwide. the solid-state culture of filamentous fungus, aspergillus oryzae, grown on rice is known as rice-koji, and is important as a starter for miso fermentation because of its prominent hydrolytic enzyme activities. recently, commercial miso products have been supplemented with purinic ribonucleotides, such as inosine monophosphate (imp) and guanine monophosphate, to enhance the characteristic umami ta ...201323973834
purification and characterization of intracellular cellulase from aspergillus oryzae itcc-4857.01.purification and characterization of intracellular cellulase produced by a. oryzae itcc-4857.01 are reported. the enzyme was purified by ion-exchange chromatography using deae-cellulose followed by gel filtration. the purification achieved was 41 fold from the crude extract with yield of 27%. the purified enzyme showed single band on poly acrylamide gel. the molecular weight as determined by sds-page and gel filtration was 38 kda and 38.6 kda respectively and contained only one subunit. the enzy ...200923983520
random mutagenesis of the aspergillus oryzae genome results in fungal antibacterial activity.multidrug-resistant bacteria cause severe infections in hospitals and communities. development of new drugs to combat resistant microorganisms is needed. natural products of microbial origin are the source of most currently available antibiotics. we hypothesized that random mutagenesis of aspergillus oryzae would result in secretion of antibacterial compounds. to address this hypothesis, we developed a screen to identify individual a. oryzae mutants that inhibit the growth of methicillin-resista ...201323983696
aspergillus oryzae aoso is a novel component of stress granules upon heat stress in filamentous fungi.stress granules are a type of cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoprotein (mrnp) granule formed in response to the inhibition of translation initiation, which typically occurs when cells are exposed to stress. stress granules are conserved in eukaryotes; however, in filamentous fungi, including aspergillus oryzae, stress granules have not yet been defined. for this reason, here we investigated the formation and localization of stress granules in a. oryzae cells exposed to various stresses using an e ...201323991062
screening of extracts from natural feed ingredients for their ability to reduce enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) k88 adhesion to porcine intestinal epithelial cell-line ipec-j2.enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) k88 is the most prevalent enteropathogen in weaned piglets, with the ability to express fimbria f4 and specifically attach to intestinal receptors in the young piglet. the prevention of etec k88 adhesion to the epithelium by interfering in this fimbria-receptor recognition provides an alternative approach to prevent the initial stage of disease. the aim of this study is to screen, among different feed ingredients (fi), their ability to reduce etec k88 atta ...201323992796
microbial floral dynamics of chinese traditional soybean paste (doujiang) and commercial soybean paste.traditional soybean paste from shandong liangshan and tianyuan jiangyuan commercial soybean paste were chosen for analysis and comparison of their bacterial and fungal dynamics using denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis and 16s rrna gene clone libraries. the bacterial diversity results showed that more than 20 types of bacteria were present in traditional shandong soybean paste during its fermentation process, whereas only six types of bacteria were present in the commercial soybean paste. th ...201324002452
aspergillus oryzae type iii polyketide synthase csyb uses a fatty acyl starter for the biosynthesis of csypyrone b compounds.csypyrones b1, b2 and b3 are α-pyrones that can be obtained from aspergillus oryzae expressing csyb, which is a type iii polyketide synthase. we investigated the biosynthesis of the csypyrone b compounds using [1-(13)c] and [2-(13)c] acetate feeding experiments. (13)c nmr analyses of the methyl esters of the csypyrone b compounds fed with the (13)c-labeled acetates showed that the carboxyl carbons of the csypyrone b side-chains were derived from the c-2 methyl carbon of the acetate. these result ...201324011646
effects of food lectins on the transport system of human intestinal caco-2 cell monolayers.the effects of 16 lectins isolated from foodstuff on the transport system across human intestinal caco-2 cell monolayers were investigated by using four fluorescent markers: lucifer yellow (ly) for the paracellular pathway, fluorescein (fl) for the monocarboxylic acid transporter-mediated pathway, rhodamine 123 for the p-glycoprotein-mediated efflux pathway, and calcein for the multidrug resistance associated protein-related efflux pathway. the transepithelial electrical resistance (ter) values ...201324018688
mutagenesis of aspergillus oryzae ipt-301 to improve the production of β-fructofuranosidase.aspergillus oryzae ipt-301, previously reported as a β-fructofuranosidase producing microorganism, was successfully mutated using uv irradiation at 253.7 nm followed by the screening of survivors resistant to certain stress conditions. strains were first subjected to the β-fructofuranosidase activity assay using a portion from the colony grown in petri dish as the enzyme source. seven mutants with β-fructofuranosidase activity values relative to the parent culture between 140 - 190% were selecte ...201024031480
kinetic analysis of batch ethanol acetylation in isothermal non-stationary multiphase systems by lyophilized mycelium of aspergillus oryzae.a relatively complex network of reactions has been investigated, using as a network model the isothermal batch esterification of acetic acid with ethanol in n-heptane catalyzed by lyophilized mycelium of aspergillus oryzae. the kinetic analysis was firstly carried out on the whole system, without any simplification, by means of the well-known integral method. owing to the poor results obtained by this way, we developed an alternative approach, combining initial rates and integral analysis and re ...201124031645
the hydrolysis of agro-industrial residues by holocellulose-degrading enzymes.holocellulose structures from agro-industrial residues rely on main and side chain attacking enzymes with different specificities for complete hydrolysis. combinations of crude enzymatic extracts from different fungal species, including aspergillus terreus, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and trichoderma longibrachiatum, were applied to sugar cane bagasse, banana stem and dirty cotton residue to investigate the hydrolysis of holocellulose structures. a. terreus and a. oryzae were the best ...201224031857
recombinant aspergillus β-galactosidases as a robust glycomic and biotechnological tool.galactosidases are widespread enzymes that are used for manifold applications, including production of prebiotics, biosynthesis of different transgalactosylated products, improving lactose tolerance and in various analytical approaches. the nature of these applications often require galactosidases to be present in a purified form with clearly defined properties, including precisely determined substrate specificities, low sensitivity to inhibitors, and high efficiency and stability under distinct ...201424037406
the crystal structure of an extracellular catechol oxidase from the ascomycete fungus aspergillus oryzae.catechol oxidases (ec 1.10.3.1) catalyse the oxidation of o-diphenols to their corresponding o-quinones. these oxidases contain two copper ions (cua and cub) within the so-called coupled type 3 copper site as found in tyrosinases (ec 1.14.18.1) and haemocyanins. the crystal structures of a limited number of bacterial and fungal tyrosinases and plant catechol oxidases have been solved. in this study, we present the first crystal structure of a fungal catechol oxidase from aspergillus oryzae (aoco ...201324043469
effect of the combined physical and chemical treatments with microbial fermentation on corn straw degradation.in order to improve corn straw degradation, steam explosion, sodium hydroxide soaking and aspergillus oryzae fermentation were used. the optimal sodium hydroxide pretreatment condition for lignin degradation was obtained. the degradation rates of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin were 54.68%, 17.76% and 33.14% for the exploded straw (p<0.05); 67.92%, 2.44% (p>0.05) and 76.54% for the alkali-treated straw (p<0.05); 75.98%, 39.93% and 77.88% for the exploded and alkali-treated straw (p<0.05), re ...201324063818
fungal spore concentrations in indoor and outdoor air in university libraries, and their variations in response to changes in meteorological variables.the fungal spore concentration (fsc) in the air poses a risk for human health. this work studied the fsc in university libraries and how it is affected by environmental factors. a total of 347 samples were obtained using a microbio mb2(®) aerosol sampler. the wind speed (ws), cross wind (cw), temperature (t), relative humidity (hr), barometric pressure (bp) and dew point (dp) were recorded using a kestrel(®) 4500 weather station. the median indoor/outdoor fsc was 360/1230 cfu m(-3). fsc correlat ...201424070332
drosera peltata smith var. lunata (buch.-ham.) c. b. clarke as a feasible source of plumbagin: phytochemical analysis and antifungal activity assay.drosera peltata smith var. lunata (buch.-ham.) c. b. clarke (dpvl) fractions and plumbagin were tested via broth microdilution techniques on rhizopus oryzae, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, penicillium citrinum. all of the test substances [petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol fraction and aqueous residue (ar)] except for the ar were active against all the tested strains. the petroleum ether fraction (pef) was the most active (mic = 5.86-46.88 μg/ml, mf ...201424078108
glycosylation analysis of recombinant neutral protease i from aspergillus oryzae expressed in pichia pastoris.neutral protease i from aspergillus oryzae 3.042 was expressed in pichia pastoris and its n-glycosylation properties were analyzed. after purification by nickel-affinity chromatography column, the recombinant neutral protease (rnpi) was confirmed to be n-glycosylated by periodicacid/schiff's base staining and endo h digestion. moreover, the deglycosylated protein's molecular weight decreased to 43.3 kda from 54.5 kda analyzed by sds-page and maldi-tof-ms, and the hyperglycosylation extent was 21 ...201324078118
a new diketopiperazine alkaloid from aspergillus oryzae.investigation of bioactive secondary metabolites from terrestrial aspergillus oryzae sp. mmao1 using m2 medium afforded a new diketopiperazine alkaloid, 7,9-dihydroxy-3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-8-methoxy-2,3,11,11a-tetrahydro-6h-pyrazino[1,2-b]isoquinoline-1,4-dione (1a), containing the unusual amino acid l-6,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxyphenylalanine. this was co-isolated with ditryptophenaline (2), cyclo-(tryp,tyr) (4), cyclo-(pro,val), α-cyclopiazonic acid (3), kojic acid and uridine. re-cultivation of ...201424116376
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