| oxygen requirements of aspergillus species. | the growth of 24 aspergillus isolates at low oxygen tensions was assessed. isolates selected included a. fumigatus (10), a. terreus (6), a. niger (6), a. nidulans (1) and a. flavus (1). three different agar media were used--potato dextrose agar (pda), ph 5.6; brain heart infusion (bhi), ph 7.4; and a specially developed medium (hall's) containing resazurin--with oxygen concentrations of 0, 0.025, 0.1, 0.5 and 2.5%. the co2 concentration was 5%. agar plates were inoculated with 2 x 10(7) conidia/ ... | 1994 | 7966201 |
| space microbiology--lethality, mutagenicity and cytological effects of terrestrial microorganisms by irradiation of cosmic proton under simulated space condition. | we have been discussing in connection with a space quarantine. the subject is not merely an academic problem, but it contains a fundamental problem which avoid the contamination of other planets by terrestrial microflora. the space environments in the solar system were simulated by using an apparatus of cryostat (low temperature of 110-310k, high vacuum of 1 x 10(-8) torr) and proton irradiation from the van de graaff generator. after exposure to a barrage of protons corresponding to about 250 y ... | 1993 | 7967372 |
| [isolation and sequencing of glucoamylase gene from a glucoamylase over producing strain]. | chromosomal dna was isolated from the mycelia of aspergillus niger t21, a strain producing glucoamylase at a high level. southern blot analysis indicated that the glucoamylase gene is situated on a 2.5kb ecor i -ecor v fragment. chromosomal dna was digested completely with ecor i, ecor v. the fragments in the range of 2.0-3.0kb were isolated through electrophoresis in agarose gel. the pooled fragments were ligated onto pbr322 vector prior to transformation into e. coli dh5. four glucoamylase-spe ... | 1994 | 7975554 |
| circular dichroism studies of acid proteinases from aspergillus niger and aspergillus awamori. | acid proteinases produced by strains of aspergillus niger and aspergillus awamori were isolated by means of ethanol precipitation, gel filtration and anion-exchange high resolution chromatography. in each case, the purified proteinase showed a single band in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. their molecular weights were almost identical (approx. 45,000). however, the proteinase from aspergillus awamori contained 16% of neutral hexoses while the other enzyme (aspergillus niger) showed negligibl ... | 1994 | 7981663 |
| survey of mycotic and bacterial keratitis in sri lanka. | over a two-year period (1976-1977 and 1980-1981), 66 cases of bacterial and mycotic cases of keratitis were diagnosed in the eye clinic of the general hospital in kandy, sri lanka. the clinical and microbiologic aspects of these cases are described. noteworthy was the first known human case caused by paecilomyces farinosus, a geophilic species, commonly encountered as an insect parasite throughout the world. the bacterial and the other fungal etiologic agents isolated and identified were: pseudo ... | 1994 | 7984216 |
| enhancement of beta-galactosidase productivity of aspergillus niger ncim-616. | a series of mutations was carried out with aspergillus niger ncim-616 as the parent strain. a mutant strain ng-4 with 28% increased beta-galactosidase productivity was produced with n-methyl-n-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (ntg) at 1500 micrograms ml-1 concentration and exposure time of 60 min. this mutant yielded a third generation u.v.-treated strain, uv-5 with a 117.6% increase in beta-galactosidase productivity with respect to the parent strain. | 1994 | 7989263 |
| statistic method for determining the fusion-recombination of cellulase genome. | a hypothesis was proposed based on cellulase synergism and multiple variable statistics that the experimental value of n strains out of total fusants from the same cell fusion pool, aspergillus niger x trichoderma reesei, could be a sample for the definite fusion cross due to the independence and random of dna recombination. it could be reduced if fusion recombination happened by analyzing the sample with the provided computer program selected 40 strains of about 2000 fusants of a. niger x t. re ... | 1994 | 7993974 |
| arabinase gene expression in aspergillus niger: indications for coordinated regulation. | aspergillus niger secretes three glycosylated glycosyl hydrolases which are involved in degradation of the plant cell wall polysaccharide l-arabinan: alpha-l-arabinofuranosidases (abf) a and b, and endo-1,5-alpha-l-arabinase (abn) a. the nucleotide sequence of the previously cloned gene encoding abf a (abfa) from a. niger was determined. the coding region contains seven introns. mature abf a comprises 603 amino acids with a molecular mass of 65.4 kda as deduced from the nucleotide sequence. the ... | 1994 | 8000538 |
| glyoxylic acid production using immobilized glycolate oxidase and catalase. | a variety of methods for the immobilization of glycolate oxidase have been examined for the preparation of a catalyst for the oxidation of glycolic acid to glyoxylic acid. the co-immobilization of glycolate oxidase and catalase on oxirane acrylic beads produced a catalyst which was stable to the reaction conditions used for the oxidation, where glycolic acid and oxygen are reacted in aqueous solution in the presence of the immobilized enzyme catalyst and ethylenediamine. under optimum reaction c ... | 1994 | 8000856 |
| isolation and structural characterization of endo-rhamnogalacturonase-generated fragments of the backbone of rhamnogalacturonan i. | a combination of commercially available preparations of aspergillus niger beta-d-galactosidase, endo-alpha-l-arabinanase, alpha-l-arabinosidase, and endo-beta-d-galactanase has been used to generate oligoglycosyl fragments of the backbone of rhamnogalacturonan i (rg-i) that had been isolated from the walls of suspension-cultured sycamore cells. the backbone-cleaving enzyme, which is present in the beta-d-galactosidase preparation, only fragments the rg-i backbone when many of the neutral oligogl ... | 1994 | 8001021 |
| interaction of phlorizin, a potent inhibitor of the na+/d-glucose cotransporter, with the nadph-binding site of mammalian catalases. | phlorizin is a reversible inhibitor of the renal and small intestinal na+/d-glucose cotransporter. in an attempt to purify the na+/d-glucose cotransporter from a pig kidney brush border membrane fraction, we used an affi-gel affinity chromatography column to which 3-aminophlorizin had been coupled. a protein, composed according to crosslinking experiments of at least 3 subunits of molecular weight 60 kda, was found to bind specifically to the phlorizin column. this protein was subsequently ident ... | 1994 | 8003987 |
| [2 cases of paranasal aspergilloma due to aspergillus niger]. | | 1994 | 8008920 |
| purification and characterization of an acetyl esterase from aspergillus niger. | optimized acetyl esterase enzyme production conditions using aspergillus niger atcc 10864 in 14-l fermentation jars were determined to be 33 degrees c, 1.5 vvm aeration, and 300 rpm agitation without ph control. the acetyl esterase was purified by precipitation in 60-80% saturation in ammonium sulfate. the pellet was applied directly to a pharmacia high-load phenyl sepharose column for hydrophobic interaction chromatography and purified to homogeneity in two steps. stability and kinetic characte ... | 1994 | 8010767 |
| determination of binding affinities of glucose oxidase for sodium n-dodecyl sulfate. | the binding of sodium n-dodecyl sulfate (sds) to glucose oxidase was studied at ph 3.2 and 6.4 by equilibrium dialysis at 37 degrees c. the binding data have been analysed in terms of scatchard plots which show unusual minima. these plots were analysed for two interacting sets of sites. equations for the free energy of binding of each set of sites were obtained by a combination of the tanford and hill theories to obtain the affinities of each set of sites. | 1994 | 8011591 |
| simple and rapid determination of phytase activity. | a simple and rapid method is described for determining the enzymatic activity of microbial phytase. the method is based on the determination of inorganic orthophosphate released on hydrolysis of sodium phytate at ph 5.5. | 1994 | 8012231 |
| characterization of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide degrading pathways of aspergillus niger catalase: a steady-state analysis. | the oxidized intermediates generated upon exposure of aspergillus niger catalase to hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical fluxes were examined with uv-visible spectrophotometry. hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical were generated by means of glucose/glucose oxidase and xanthine/xanthine oxidase systems. serial overlay of absorption spectra in the soret (350-450 nm) and visible regions (450-700 nm) showed that the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by the catalase of aspergillus niger can ... | 1994 | 8012520 |
| a hazard of immunosuppression: aspergillus niger infection of abdominal aortic aneurysm. | | 1994 | 8013693 |
| evidence for the activation of 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase by camp-dependent protein kinase in aspergillus niger. | the change from pentose phosphate pathway to glycolysis plays a significant role in the physiology of aspergillus niger during the induction of citric acid accumulation. evidence is shown for the importance of 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase in this process since it is activated by phosphorylation. by incubating a purified active form of the enzyme together with commercially available alkaline phosphatase, 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase activity was lost after a certain time suggesting that the enzyme was de ... | 1994 | 8020755 |
| effects of sodium chloride and relative humidity on growth and sporulation of moulds isolated from cured fish. | a total of 14 moulds were isolated from 84 samples of cured fish obtained from several processing centres and retail shops in lagos, ogun and oyo states, nigeria. aspergillus niger, a. flavus and a. chevalieri were the most prevalent. with the exception of basipetospora sp., slight inhibition of mycelial growth and/or sporulation was recorded when isolates were cultured in basal medium containing 5% sodium chloride. the extent of inhibition increased with increasing salt concentrations, and at 2 ... | 1994 | 8028651 |
| an optical biosensor based upon glucose oxidase immobilized in sol-gel silicate matrix. | glucose oxidase immobilized in a transparent silicate gel prepared by a sol-gel method was used as a simple solid-state optical biosensor for glucose. the sensor was based upon the measurement of initial rates of reduction of the fad prosthetic group of the enzyme in the presence of various concentrations of glucose. the analytical range of the sensor was 1-100 mm, and the measurement time was 2 min. the enzyme was considerably protected by the silicate matrix against leaching, thermal inactivat ... | 1994 | 8031505 |
| characterization and regulatory properties of a single hexokinase from the citric acid accumulating fungus aspergillus niger. | a single glucose-phosphorylating enzyme has been detected and purified from the citric acid accumulating fungus aspergillus niger. the enzyme was formed constitutively, and high activities were formed on glucose and sucrose as carbon sources. highest activities were formed during growth on high concentrations of glucose or sucrose. the enzyme, purified about 600-fold from cell-free extracts prepared from glucose-grown mycelia, gave a double band in denaturing (sds)-polyacrylamide gel electrophor ... | 1994 | 8031843 |
| nmr spectroscopy of exchangeable protons of glucoamylase and of complexes with inhibitors in the 9-15-ppm range. | 1h-nmr spectra have been recorded for glucoamylases i and ii from aspergillus awamori var. x100 and from a. niger in the 9-15-ppm region. at least 17 distinct peaks, many of them arising from single protons, are observed. these are designated a-q, a being the furthest downfield. at least 9 of these are lost rapidly by exchange when the enzyme is placed in d2o. peaks a, b, e and h undergo distinct shifts with ph change in the ph region 3-7. several others undergo smaller shifts. small differences ... | 1994 | 8033904 |
| the complete karyotype of aspergillus niger: the use of introduced electrophoretic mobility variation of chromosomes for gene assignment studies. | a method is described for unambiguous assignment of cloned genes to aspergillus niger chromosomes by chef gel electrophoresis and southern analysis. all of the eight linkage groups (lgs), with the exception of lg vii, have previously been assigned to specific chromosomal bands in the electrophoretic karyotype of a. niger. using a lg vii-specific probe (nicb gene of a. niger) we have shown that lg vii corresponds to a chromosome of about 4.1 mb. furthermore, genetic localization of three unassign ... | 1994 | 8041364 |
| mathematical model for citric acid fermentation. | the kinetics for biomass proliferation, medium consumption and citric acid production in the course of citric acid fermentation were studied, and the mathematical models describing the course of citric acid fermentation were obtained in this paper. based on the statistical data of experiment, the model was verified, and the model parameters were estimated with the results of the experiment. the results showed that the curves obtained by model calculation fitted with the ones determined by the ex ... | 1993 | 8049349 |
| improvement in raw-starch-digesting glucoamylase production by electrofusion of aspergillus niger. | by using the protoplasts of auxotrophic strains aspergillus niger (lys- and arg-), the stable fusants were obtained. an optimal condition of hybrids to form colonies on mm/cm was found at a = 4.5kv/cm, np = 32, tp = 62.5 microseconds, t = 0.2s, cy = 10, d = 3mm, and ff = 60%. through observation of the morphology, the size, the dna content and the activity of glucoamylases, the differences between the fusants and segregants and their parental strains were shown. these results indicated the new p ... | 1993 | 8049352 |
| high-yield production of oxalic acid for metal leaching processes by aspergillus niger. | the complex-forming compound oxalic acid can effectively solubilise metals such as aluminium, iron, lithium and manganese. in order to produce high amounts of oxalic acid for biohydrometallurgical processes, it was the aim of this work to optimise oxalic acid production by aspergillus niger, a fungus well known for its ability to produce oxalic acid. a. niger excreted 427 mmol oxalic acid l-1 if it was cultivated in a ph-controlled (ph 6.0) fed-batch run in a 2-l stirred tank reactor. sucrose an ... | 1994 | 8050718 |
| [a case of aspergillus niger pneumonia cured with an early diagnosis]. | we have experienced a case with a. niger aspergilloma who developed aspergillus pneumonia after bacterial pulmonary infection. examinations of sputum cytology and detection of serum aspergillus antigen were useful for an early diagnosis of his condition. early and intensive antifungal chemotherapy mainly with intravenous amphotericin b brought about his complete remission. | 1994 | 8051447 |
| cloning and characterization of the pepe gene of aspergillus niger encoding a new aspartic protease and regulation of pepe and pepc. | we have cloned the pepe gene of aspergillus niger, encoding an aspartic protease (pepe), by screening a lambda genomic dna library with a heterologous probe, the neurospora crassa gene coding for a vacuolar proteinase. sequencing of pepe genomic and cdna clones revealed that the gene contains three introns, which are 91, 56 and 58-bp long. the deduced protein consists of 398 amino acids, has a putative signal sequence to allow transport into the endoplasmic reticulum and probably undergoes a sec ... | 1994 | 8056328 |
| the effect of multiple copies of the upstream region on expression of the aspergillus niger glucoamylase-encoding gene. | the regulation of transcription of the glucoamylase-encoding gene (glaa) of aspergillus niger was studied. to facilitate this study a reporter strain containing a fusion of the glaa promoter (pglaa) of a. niger to the beta-glucuronidase-encoding gene (uida) of escherichia coli was constructed. to analyze whether regulatory proteins are involved in the regulation of glaa, multiple copies of pglaa were introduced into this reporter strain. analysis of the resulting strains revealed that introducti ... | 1994 | 8056329 |
| mold allergy in adana, turkey. | in order to investigate the possible role of molds in respiratory allergy, skin prick tests with the extracts of 19 different fungi were applied to 614 respiratory allergic patients. indoor mold samples of some of these mold sensitive patients are also presented. most of the patients (72.6%) had extrinsic asthma while 27.4% having allergic rhinitis. the diagnosis was based on history, clinical examination and skin prick test which was done according to peppy's method. aspergillus fumigatus was t ... | 1994 | 8059675 |
| thermodynamics of inhibitor binding to the catalytic site of glucoamylase from aspergillus niger determined by displacement titration calorimetry. | the binding of different inhibitors to glucoamylase g2 from aspergillus niger and its temperature and ph dependencies have been studied by titration calorimetry. the enzyme binds the inhibitors 1-deoxynojirimycin and the pseudo-tetrasaccharide acarbose with association constants of 3 x 10(4) and 9 x 10(11) m-1, respectively, at 27 degrees c. the binding free energy for both ligands is remarkably temperature-invariant in the interval from 9 to 54 degrees c as the result of large compensating chan ... | 1994 | 8060985 |
| effects of supplemental phytase on performance and phosphorus utilisation in broiler chickens fed a low phosphorus diet without addition of inorganic phosphates. | 1. three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of the dietary addition of fungal phytase (derived from aspergillus niger) on the performance and phosphorus utilisation in broiler chickens receiving low phosphorus diets without additional inorganic phosphates. 2. graded amounts of supplemental phytase (125, 250, or 500 pu/kg diet) resulted in significant increases in both growth rate and food intake. however, only moderate improvements in food conversion were noted. 3. the enhancemen ... | 1994 | 8062110 |
| regulation of the xylanase-encoding xlna gene of aspergillus tubigensis. | a gene encoding an endo-1,4-beta-xylanase from aspergillus tubigensis was cloned by oligonucleotide screening using oligonucleotides derived from amino acid sequence data obtained from the purified protein. the isolated gene was functional as it could be expressed in the very closely related fungus aspergillus niger. the xylanase encoded by this gene is synthesized as a protein of 211 amino acids. after cleavage of the presumed prepropeptide this results in a mature protein of 184 amino acids wi ... | 1994 | 8065265 |
| microbial and mycotoxic contamination of peppers and food safety. | twelve random samples of pepper powders were analyzed for contamination by microorganisms of public health significance (bacteria, moulds) and for aflatoxin b1 concentration. black peppers were more heavily contaminated than white peppers but the most important bacteria causing foodborne diseases were not isolated; the mould flora was dominated by xerophilic species, particularly aspergillus fumigatus, a. flavus, a. niger and a. ochraceus. these potentially pathogenic species can be dangerous fo ... | 1994 | 8068234 |
| ochratoxin a production by strains of aspergillus niger var. niger. | in a survey of the occurrence of ochratoxin a (oa)-positive strains isolated from feedstuffs, two of the 19 isolates of aspergillus niger var. niger that were studied produced oa in 2% yeast extract-15% sucrose broth and in corn cultures. this is the first report of production of oa by this species. | 1994 | 8074536 |
| the complete primary structure elucidation of aspergillus ficuum (niger), ph 6.0, optimum acid phosphatase by edman degradation. | the primary structure of the aspergillus ficuum (niger) nrrl 3135 extracellular, ph 6.0, optimum acid phosphatase (e.c.3.1.3.2) was elucidated by gas phase sequencing. it was deduced by sequence overlap of peptides obtained from trypsin, chymotrypsin, clostripain, and cyanogen bromide digests of the pyridylethylated protein. the mature, active protein is composed of 583 amino acids, including 13 glycosylated asn residues. the unglycosylated protein has a mw of 64,245-kda and a pi of 4.97. two pu ... | 1994 | 8074654 |
| invasive maxillary aspergillosis in an otherwise healthy individual. | invasive aspergillosis is usually seen in immunocompromised individuals. we report the case of a 56-year-old immunocompetent housewife with aspergillus niger invading the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses and extending to the anterior cranial fossa. a. niger grew on three occasions (from the biopsy, mass and dura mater). in spite of medial maxillectomy and ethmoidectomy followed by craniofacial resection and antifungal drugs (amphotericin b) the patient died on tenth post-operative day. | 1994 | 8076545 |
| characterization of an efficient gene cloning strategy for aspergillus niger based on an autonomously replicating plasmid: cloning of the nicb gene of a. niger. | the development of an improved gene cloning strategy by complementation of mutant alleles in aspergillus niger is described. the strategy is based on the use of a fungal autonomously replicating vector, pab4-arp1. this vector was constructed by the introduction of a previously described sequence involved in autonomous replication (ama1), into a pyrg integrative vector, pab4-1. with vector pab4-arp1, a 10-100-fold increase in transformation frequency was obtained, as compared to pab4-1. furthermo ... | 1994 | 8076814 |
| molecular cloning, sequence analysis and expression of the gene encoding an antifungal-protein from aspergillus giganteus. | the gene encoding the precursor of a small secretory protein with antifungal activity was isolated from a. giganteus and characterized by restriction mapping, hybridization and nucleotide sequencing. the promoter contains a typical tata-box at a distance of 135 bp upstream of the open reading frame. the open reading frame is interrupted by two small introns with conserved splice sites. the precursor of the antifungal protein (afp) consists of 94 amino acids and appears to be processed to the mat ... | 1994 | 8082203 |
| [mucormicosis of paranasal sinuses: benign type. report of one case]. | rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a severe, often fulminant, infection. however, there is evidence of more benign mucormycosis limited to paranasal sinuses and the orbit. we report a case of paranasal mucormycosis treated successfully with endoscopic nasosinusal surgery and amphotericin b. | 1994 | 8086204 |
| the normal mycoflora of commodities from thailand. 1. nuts and oilseeds. | a comprehensive study was carried out of the fungi occurring in commodities normally traded in thailand. samples of major commodities were obtained from farmers' stocks and middlemen in major producing areas throughout the country. retail samples were obtained from outlets in and around bankok. samples were divided into two portions, one being examined in bangkok, and the second in sydney. after surface disinfection, fungi were enumerated by direct plating on dichloran rose bengal chloramphenico ... | 1993 | 8110599 |
| cloning and characterization of the pepd gene of aspergillus niger which codes for a subtilisin-like protease. | serine proteases constitute an important group of extra- and intracellular proteases in fungi. these enzymes are characterized by conserved regions around the active site residues, asp, his and ser. based on this amino acid (aa) sequence conservation, we have used degenerate primer pcr to isolate subtilisin-specific genomic probes from aspergillus niger, and cloned a gene, pepd, by screening a lambda genomic library using a pcr probe. the pepd gene contains three putative introns, which are 51-, ... | 1994 | 8112588 |
| [inhibition of growth of microscopic fungi with organic acids]. | fungicidal effects of five selected organic acids (lactic, acetic, formic, oxalic, and propionic) in concentrations 3, 5, 10, 20 and 50 ml/l on nine selected species of moulds were tested. lactic and oxalic acids did not prove the satisfactory fungicidal activity in any of the chosen concentrations. the antifungal effect of the other three acids, manifested by the growth inhibition of the tested moulds is shown in tab. i and it can be expressed by sequence: propionic acid, formic acid, and aceti ... | 1993 | 8122343 |
| the influence of flow rate on biosensors based on redox enzymes incorporated in a redox polymer mounted in a thin-layer flow cell. | enzyme electrodes, based on redox enzymes immobilized in redox polymers at electrode surfaces, were mounted in a thin-layer flow cell. the catalytic currents at different flow rates and concentrations for a continuous flow of substrate solution were measured and compared with the peak currents for injections of a plug of substrate solution, under corresponding conditions. the catalytic steady-state current for continuous-flow measurements increased with increasing flow rate, i.e., with increasin ... | 1993 | 8122787 |
| clinical reactions to aspergillus niger in a biotechnology plant: an eight year follow up. | the manufacture of citric acid by fermentation of molasses with aspergillus niger has previously been described as a cause of occupational asthma in a factory. a longitudinal survey of the workforce of this factory has been carried out from 1984 to 1991. over this period 160 of the original 278 workers left the workforce, together with 39 of 76 new recruits. partial enclosure of the process and exhaust ventilation, installed in 1984, was effective in preventing any new cases of occupational asth ... | 1994 | 8124465 |
| enhancement of zinc utilization from phytate-rich soy protein isolate by microbial phytase. | a study with three groups, each with 11 male, individually housed albino rats (initial average weight = 50 g) was undertaken to examine the effect of microbial phytase (added to a diet containing phytate) on the availability of zinc. the rats were fed diets on the basis of soy protein isolate and corn starch over a 3-week period. all diets contained 15-16 mg zn/kg diet and 0.40% pa. thus, molar pa:zn-ratios of 26:1 were obtained. group i (control) was fed the phytase-free basal diet. in groups i ... | 1993 | 8128752 |
| antifungal activities of crude extracts of mitracarpus villosus (rubiaceae). | extracts of mitracarpus villosus leaves and inflorescences were investigated individually for in vitro antifungal activities by agar-diffusion and tube-dilution techniques. ethanolic extracts produced definite antifungal activities against trichophyton rubrum, microsporum gypseum, candida albicans, aspergillus niger and fusarium solani. the aqueous extracts and the glycerol vehicle control did not inhibit any of the fungi tested. the zones of inhibition produced by the ethanol extracts ranged fr ... | 1993 | 8133654 |
| apparent digestibility and retention of nutrients bound to phytate complexes as influenced by microbial phytase and feeding regimen in pigs. | five barrows of approximately 45 kg bw, fitted with post-valvular t-cecum cannulas at the ileo-cecal junction, were assigned randomly to five treatments (5 x 5 latin square design) to assess the effect of microbial phytase and feeding regimen (frequency and level) on the apparent digestibilities (total tract [attd] and ileal [aid]) and retention of nutrients. a corn-tapioca-soybean meal diet of low intrinsic phytase activity, containing no added inorganic p, was fed either without or with microb ... | 1994 | 8138479 |
| calcium level affects the efficacy of supplemental microbial phytase in corn-soybean meal diets of weanling pigs. | a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial experiment was conducted with 64 pigs (4 wk old, 8.04 +/- .50 kg bw) to determine the effect of various dietary concentrations of ca, vitamin d, and microbial phytase (aspergillus niger) on phytate-p utilization. a low-p, corn-soybean meal diet was supplemented with two levels of phytase (unit/gram), 750 (suboptimal) and 1,200 (optimal); of vitamin d (international unit/kilogram), 660 (normal) and 6,660 (high); and of ca (percentage), .4 (low) and .8 (normal). pen feed cons ... | 1994 | 8138481 |
| hydrolysis of glycosylpyridinium ions by anomeric-configuration-inverting glycosidases. | the hydrolyses of five beta-d-xylopyranosylpyridinium ions by the beta-d-xylosidase of bacillus pumilus proceed with kcat values 10(8)-10(9)-fold larger than the rates of spontaneous hydrolysis of the same compounds. log(kcat) values correlate well with aglycon pk(a) [b1g(v) = -0.52, r = 0.99], whereas the correlation of log(kcat/km) is poor [r = 0.77; beta 1g(v/k) = approximately -0.6]. the (1-->3)-beta-d-glucanase of sporotrichum dimorphosporum hydrolyses 4-bromo-2-(beta-d-glucopyranosyl)isoqu ... | 1993 | 8143292 |
| the use of impedance for preservative efficacy testing of pharmaceuticals and cosmetic products. | impedance was investigated for its applicability to preservative efficacy testing of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. a good correlation between impedance detection time (td) and total colony counts (colony-forming units (cfu)) was obtained for untreated suspensions of staphylococcus aureus, candida albicans, aspergillus niger and pseudomonas aeruginosa in phosphate-buffered saline (pbs). a good correlation between td and the number of cfu was also obtained for suspensions of test organisms treate ... | 1994 | 8144407 |
| in-vitro activity of the new triazole d0870 compared with amphotericin b and itraconazole against aspergillus spp. | the in-vitro activity of d0870, a new triazole, was compared with amphotericin b (amp b) and itraconazole (itz) against 40 aspergillus isolates, which included 25 isolates of aspergillus fumigatus, using a broth macro-dilution method at 37 degrees c. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum fungicidal concentration (mfc) (killing of > or = 98%) were measured. for 40 isolates, geometric mean (gm) mic values and ranges were d0870 10.55 and 2-32, itz 2.26 and 0.5-64, amp b 2.42 and 1-64 m ... | 1993 | 8144422 |
| investigation on the toxicity of fungi from rootstock snacks. | chicken embryo bioassay was used to monitor the toxicity of extracts from rootstock snack samples during a 210-day storage period. results show that the relative toxicity values which were initially very low increased significantly as from 120th day (when 32% mortality was recorded) up till the last day when 73% was obtained. toxicity of extracts from axenic cultures of 12 fungal species isolated from the snack samples was also determined. the strains of aspergillus chevalieri, rhizopus nigrican ... | 1994 | 8145803 |
| nutritional profile and antimicrobial spectrum of the spice aframomum danielli k. schum. | the spice, aframomum danielli, on a wet weight basis with a moisture content of 10.5%, protein content of 8.2% (dry matter basis) and caloric value of 469.7 kcal/100 g, contains in varying amounts, minerals like calcium, magnesium, sodium, manganese, phosphorus, zinc and copper. amino acids found in varying concentrations in a. danielli include l-threonine, l-serine, l-valine, l-proline, l-glutamic acid, glycine, l-leucine and l-lysine. using minimum inhibition zone of 20-22 mm in diameter, a. d ... | 1994 | 8153068 |
| fungal flora and mycotoxins of six kinds of nut seeds for human consumption in saudi arabia. | a wide range of moulds representing several genera and species, was recorded in this study from 5 seed samples of each almond, cashew nut, chestnut, hazelnut, pistachio nut and walnut collected from different markets in ar' ar, saudi arabia. the total counts of fungi were widely fluctuated between 1960-7704 and 1948-7434 colonies/g dry seeds on glucose-czapek's and glycerol agar media at 28 degrees c, respectively, and represented twenty genera, 53 species and 2 varieties of fungi. the prevalent ... | 1993 | 8159218 |
| aspergilli and lignocellulosics: enzymology and biotechnological applications. | aspergilli are versatile ascomycetes that are able to transform at a rapid rate a wide spectrum of lignin-related aromatic compounds. while it is clear that these fungi can degrade phenolic and polysaccharide components from lignocellulosic material, the status regarding degradation of high-molecular mass lignins is controversial. this review compiles data from the literature as well as that from the authors' laboratory with the aim of clarifying this point. the main body of evidence points towa ... | 1994 | 8167035 |
| lipase production by aspergillus niger under various growth conditions using solid state fermentation. | ricinus seed litters were chosen as a cheap carbon source for lipase production by a. niger under solid state fermentation (ssf). maximum lipase production was achieved upon using an enriched (potassium citrate and casein) waste at ph 7.8 and 30 degrees c for 8 days incubation. nitrogen sources as nh4cl, nh4no3, (nh4)2so4, urea and amino acids repressed the lipolytic activity. the chloride salts of ba2+, co2+, cu2+, fe3+, hg2+, k+, mg2+, mn2+, na+ and sn2+ inhibited, while zn+2 did not affect li ... | 1993 | 8172691 |
| refined crystal structures of glucoamylase from aspergillus awamori var. x100. | the refined crystal structures of a proteolytic fragment of glucoamylase from aspergillus awamori var. x100 have been determined at ph 6 and 4 to a resolution of 2.2 a and 2.4 a, respectively. the models include the equivalent of residues 1 to 471 of glucoamylase from aspergillus niger and a complete interpretation of the solvent structure. the r-factors of the ph 6 and 4 structures are 0.14 and 0.12, respectively, with root-mean-square deviations of 0.014 a and 0.012 a from expected bondlengths ... | 1994 | 8176747 |
| the pectin lyase-encoding gene (pnl) family from glomerella cingulata: characterization of pnla and its expression in yeast. | oligodeoxyribonucleotide primers were designed from conserved amino acid (aa) sequences between pectin lyase d (pnld) from aspergillus niger and pectate lyases a and e (pela/e) from erwinia chrysanthemi. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used with these primers to amplify genomic dna from the plant pathogenic fungus glomerella cingulata. three different 220-bp fragments with homology to pnl-encoding genes from a. niger, and a 320-bp fragment with homology to pel-encoding genes from nicotia ... | 1994 | 8181749 |
| glutathione synthetase from the fission yeast. purification and its unique heteromeric subunit structure. | glutathione (gsh) synthetase (ec 6.3.2.3) was purified from the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe l972h- and from the gsh synthetase deficient mutant mn101/pys41, which harbors a plasmid containing the gsh synthetase gene of the fission yeast. gsh synthetase is expressed at 10 times higher the amount in mn101/pys41 than in wild-type l972h-. the purified enzyme gave a single band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (native page). the molecular weig ... | 1993 | 8192897 |
| novel structures of n-linked high-mannose type oligosaccharides containing alpha-d-galactofuranosyl linkages in aspergillus niger alpha-d-glucosidase. | seven oligosaccharides were isolated from alpha-d-glucosidase (ec 3.2.1.20) from aspergillus niger, and the structures of these oligosaccharides were studied by 1h nmr spectroscopy. after treatment of the alpha-d-glucosidase with n-glycosidase f, seven major oligosaccharide peaks were detected by dionex anion-exchange hplc. the structures corresponding to the three peaks os-1, os-2, and os-4 were determined to be man8glcnac2, man9glcnac2, and glcman9glcnac2, respectively, from 1h nmr spectra of ... | 1994 | 8194071 |
| refined structure for the complex of acarbose with glucoamylase from aspergillus awamori var. x100 to 2.4-a resolution. | the three-dimensional structure of the pseudotetrasaccharide acarbose complexed with glucoamylase ii(471) from aspergillus awamori var. x100 has been determined to 2.4-a resolution. the model includes residues corresponding to 1-471 of glucoamylase i from aspergillus niger, a single molecule of bound acarbose, and 535 sites for water molecules. the crystallographic r factor from refinement is 0.124, and the root-mean-squared deviation in bond distances is 0.013 a. electron density for a single m ... | 1994 | 8195212 |
| xylanolytic enzyme production by an aspergillus niger isolate. | production of xylanolytic enzymes by an aspergillus niger ccmi 850 isolate was investigated in batch cultures. the effect of the composition of a fermentation medium that did not include chemical inducers, on beta-xylanase, beta-xylosidase, alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase, and total cellulase activity was studied. with 4% xylan as the carbon source, about 65 u/ml of beta-xylanase was obtained, whereas the total cellulase activity was undetectable, under the specified conditions. this beta-xylanase a ... | 1994 | 8198405 |
| synthesis, cloning and sequencing of glucoamylase cdna from aspergillus niger mutant t21. | poly(a)+ rna was isolated from aspergillus niger t21, a glucoamylase overproducing strain and was used as template to synthesize double stranded cdna. a cdna library was then constructed. the e. coli transformants were screened for the glucoamylase cdna by in situ colony hybridization with p-labeled fragment of glucoamylase gene as probe. the positive rate was 1.6%. restriction analysis proved that 32% of the positive clones carried the inserts of 2.1 kb of full length glucoamylase cdna. sequenc ... | 1993 | 8199326 |
| antifungal activity of essential oil from artemisia afra jacq. | artemisia afra is indigenous to the eastern highlands of zimbabwe where it is used in folk medicine. hydro-distilled volatile oil from the aerial parts of the plant was tested for antifungal activity against 10 fungal species using the dry weight method. the results obtained showed that the essential oil exhibited significant activity against aspergillus ochraceus, candida albicans, alternaria alternata, geotrichum candidum, aspergillus niger, penicillium citrium and aspergillus parasiticus. | 1993 | 8205606 |
| filamentous fungi and mycotoxin detected in coconut. | fifty-nine species and one variety belonging to 25 genera of fungi were isolated from 25 coconut samples on glucose-czapek's (25 genera and 55 species + 1 variety) and dichloran-glycerol (8 genera and 32 species + 1 variety) agar media at 28 degrees c. the common fungi on both media used were aspergillus flavus, a. niger, penicillium chrysogenum and cladosporium cladosporioides. on glucose-czapek's agar, a. flavus var. columnaris, p. oxalicum, alternaria alternata, rhizopus stolonifer and tricho ... | 1993 | 8212938 |
| survey of airborne culturable and non-culturable fungi at different sites in delhi metropolis. | a two year aerobiological survey for culturable and non-culturable fungi was conducted at human height at five different sites in delhi metropolis. burkard personal volumetric sampler for petriplates and slide exposures were used for sampling the air. with simultaneous petriplate and slide exposure a total of 98 fungal forms were recorded. cladosporium contributed for 25-40% of total airborne fungi followed by ustilago (smuts) (24%) aspergillus flavus (10-13%), alternaria (11%) and a. niger (8%) ... | 1993 | 8216555 |
| heat resistance of fungi from soil. | the survival of fungi from soil samples has been investigated after exposure to temperatures of 60, 70, 80 and 90 degrees c in sabouraud agar. the least resistant fungi surviving 60 degrees c for 60 min were the aspergillus (a.) niger group, chaetomium spp, penicillium spp, and scytalidium lignicola. none of these survived 70 degrees c for 10 min. the next group surviving 70 degrees c for 60 min included the a. glaucus group, byssochlamys nivea, dichotomomyces cejpii, gelasinospora spp, rhizocto ... | 1993 | 8217516 |
| lipolytic activity and degradation of rapeseed oil and rapeseed by spoilage fungi. | aspergillus, eurotium and penicillium spp. from rapeseed were able to grow and produce lipases over a range of water activities (aw) at both 15 and 25 degrees c on tributyrin agar. the ability to produce lipases was not directly related to growth rate. the clearing zone: growth rate ratios gave lipase indices which varied markedly between test fungi and with aw. the fungi with the highest indices were aspergillus candidus and aspergillus versicolor and penicillium expansum and penicillium hordei ... | 1993 | 8217518 |
| heterologous protein secretion directed by a repressible acid phosphatase system of aspergillus niger. | a new expression-secretion system of aspergillus niger which directs the secretion of heterologous proteins is described. the promoter and signal peptide-encoding region of the phosphate-repressible apha gene of a. niger, when fused to the coding region of the human interferon alpha 2 (hifn alpha 2)-encoding gene (hifn alpha 2), drives the expression of this gene and the secretion of the hifn alpha 2 protein. synthesis of hifn alpha 2 in either a. niger or a. nidulans transformants carrying thes ... | 1993 | 8224863 |
| the cloning and sequencing of the genes encoding phytase (phy) and ph 2.5-optimum acid phosphatase (aph) from aspergillus niger var. awamori. | the genes encoding phytase (ec 3.1.3.8) and ph 2.5-optimum acid phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.2) have been cloned and sequenced from aspergillus niger var. awamori. the translated nucleotide sequences yielded polypeptides of 467 and 479 amino acids (aa) for phytase and acid phosphatase, respectively. the genes were isolated using oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes based on the aa sequences of the purified proteins. recombinant a. niger var. awamori strains carrying additional copies of the gene sequences d ... | 1993 | 8224894 |
| survey of mycoflora and mycotoxins of some dried fruits in egypt. | fifty-five species and two varieties appertaing to 23 genera were collected and identified from 4 samples of dried fig and 3 dried samples of each of apricot, plum and raisin. forty-nine species and two varieties belonging to 20 genera were isolated on 1% glucose-czapek's while 31 species and one variety belonging to 16 genera were isolated on 40% sucrose-czapek's agar medium at 28 +/- 2 degrees c. penicillium, aspergillus and cladosporium were the common genera on the two types of media used. a ... | 1993 | 8229671 |
| arabinan degrading enzymes from aspergillus nidulans: induction and purification. | the presence in aspergillus nidulans of two enzymes related to the aspergillus niger endo-arabinase and alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase b has been established using antibodies against the purified a. niger enzymes. moreover, the absence of an equivalent in a. nidulans to the alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase a of a. niger has been confirmed both at the protein and at the dna level. both a. nidulans arabinases have been purified and physico-chemically and kinetically characterized. they have a much higher ... | 1993 | 8243977 |
| influence of medium components and metabolic inhibitors on citric acid production by penicillium simplicissimum. | penicillium simplicissimum excreted more than 100 mmol citric acid l-1 [2.9 mmol (g dry wt)-1; 9 d] if an industrial filter dust (> 50% zno) providing a high extracellular buffering capacity was present in the medium. a similar specific [2 mmol (g dry wt)-1], but lower absolute (26 mmol l-1), citric acid excretion occurred in the absence of an extracellular buffer and if amino acids or urea were used as nitrogen source. p. simplicissimum excreted no citric acid under conditions where aspergillus ... | 1993 | 8245837 |
| structural analysis of tamarind seed xyloglucan oligosaccharides using beta-galactosidase digestion and spectroscopic methods. | the borohydride-reduced forms (oligoglycosyl alditols) of two isomeric octasaccharides (glc4xyl3gal) that are released from xyloglucans of various plant species upon treatment with a fungal endo-(1-->4)-beta-glucanase were isolated and structurally characterized. a mixture of oligosaccharides that is released from tamarind seed xyloglucan by the endo-(1-->4)-beta- glucanase was digested with a commercially available beta-galactosidase (aspergillus niger). the beta-galactosidase selectively hydro ... | 1993 | 8252539 |
| isoelectric focusing in a multicompartment electrolyzer with zwitterionic membranes, exemplified by purification of glucoamylase. | a highly purified preparation of glucoamylase g1 from aspergillus niger was found, by isoelectric focusing in immobilized ph gradients, to contain a major form with a pi of 3.50 and a number of minor, more acidic and more basic contaminants. the major isoform was purified to homogeneity by recycling isoelectric focusing in a multicompartment electrolyzer, by confining this form in between two zwitterionic membranes, with pi 3.49 at the anodic side and pi 3.52 at the cathodic side. recoveries wer ... | 1993 | 8258640 |
| biocidal effects and residual glutaraldehyde in cellulosic and synthetic polymers. | the amount of leachable glutaraldehyde from medical grade cuprophan 150pm (cellulose based) and an69s (a copolymer of acrylonitrile and sodium methallyl sulphonate) membranes, and polyproprene plates following 72 hr immersion in 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde was determined. after rinsing the materials for 30 minutes in distilled water at 37 degrees c, the mean concentration of leachable glutaraldehyde from cuprophan 150 pm (8. 60 +/- 0.55 micrograms/g) was significantly greater than that from an69s ... | 1993 | 8261949 |
| spectroscopic study of the temperature-dependent conformation of glucoamylase. | vibrational circular dichroism, electronic circular dichroism and infrared absorption with fourier self-deconvolution have been used for a conformational study of the small form, g2, of glucoamylase, 1,4-alpha-d-glucan glucohydrolase from aspergillus niger (ec 3.2.1.3) in aqueous solution. from the temperature dependence of spectra measured from 25 degrees c to 60 degrees c it was seen that the helical content is relatively constant to 50 degrees c and then sharply decreases by a factor of more ... | 1993 | 8268213 |
| survey of mycoflora and mycotoxins in egyptian soybean seeds. | after four months in commercial storage, 100 soybean samples from different places of egyptian governorates were assayed for filamentous fungal growth at two incubation temperatures (28 and 45 degrees c). 73 species and 8 varieties belonging to 32 genera were isolated by the dilution plate method. at 28 degrees c, the common species were aspergillus flavus, a. fumigatus, a. niger and a. alutaceus, followed by a. terreus, penicillium chrysogenum, p. citrinum, mucor hiemalis, m. racemosus, emerice ... | 1993 | 8271157 |
| a new crystal form of proteinase a, a non-pepsin-type acid proteinase from aspergillus niger var. macrosporus. | proteinase a from aspergillus niger var. macrosporus is a non-pepsin-type acid proteinase, whose catalytic residues and mechanism remain to be elucidated. a new form of proteinase a crystals more suitable for crystallography than that obtained previously was prepared from an ammonium sulfate solution at ph 3.5 by the hanging-drop vapor diffusion method. the space group of the crystals was p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit cell dimensions of a = 69.75 +/- 0.06 a, b = 87.55 +/- 0.05 a, and c = 60.83 +/- 0. ... | 1993 | 8276753 |
| purification and characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from aspergillus niger and aspergillus nidulans. | glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd; d-glucose 6-phosphate:nadp+ oxidoreductase, ec 1.1.1.49) has been purified from aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus niger by a combination of affinity and anion exchange chromatography. a 500-1000-fold purification was obtained and the final enzyme preparations were shown to be pure but not homogeneous. for both fungi the purified enzyme preparation gave two bands on native and denaturing gels. the catalytically active form is a multimer. the molecular m ... | 1993 | 8277259 |
| growth and product formation in chemostat and recycling cultures by aspergillus niger n402 and a glucoamylase overproducing transformant, provided with multiple copies of the glaa gene. | continuous and recycling cultures were carried out with aspergillus niger n402 wild-type and a glucoamylase overproducing transformant to investigate growth and product formation characteristics. in shake flask cultures, the amount of glucoamylase produced by the transformant was about five times more than by the wild-type strain. in contrast with these results, a twofold overproduction was found in glucose-limited continuous cultures, while no overproduction was found under maltodextrin-limitat ... | 1993 | 8277260 |
| amylase activity of aspergillus strains--producers of organic acids. | the ability of fungi from genus aspergillus (producers of organic acids) to synthesize amylase enzymes (alpha-amylase and glucoamylase) was investigated. the productivity of the strains on czapek-dox agar and in liquid czapec-dox media with 3% soluble starch as a carbon source was established. | 1993 | 8285132 |
| kinetics of the gluconic acid biosynthesis by strain aspergillus niger 13-73. | the kinetics of gluconic acid biosynthesis of the strain aspergillus niger 13-73 by submerged cultivation in a medium containing 26% glucose was investigated. the maximum amount of the product was obtained at minimum biomass growth. the yield of the product compared to the theoretical one was 95% and the fermentation period was 42 hours. the results regarding the limitation theory are discussed. | 1993 | 8285133 |
| fermentation of lactose by yeast cells secreting recombinant fungal lactase. | strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae transformed with a yeast multicopy expression vector carrying the cdna for aspergillus niger secretory beta-galactosidase under the control of adh1 promoter and terminator were studied for their fermentation properties on lactose (v. kumar, s. ramakrishnan, t. t. teeri, j. k. c. knowles, and b. s. hartley, biotechnology 10:82-85, 1992). lactose was hydrolyzed extracellularly into glucose and galactose, and both sugars were utilized simultaneously. diauxic grow ... | 1993 | 8285714 |
| [microbiology of acute external otitis in our environment]. | the paper deals with the review done by the aa. about the microbiology of 135 acute diffuse external otitis cases, treated at their department in one year term. in the series is emphasized the seasonal distribution, steadily uniform in the studied period, being the pseudomonas aeruginosa and candida albicans the paramount responsible for these otitis. | 1993 | 8291664 |
| supplementing corn-soybean meal diets with microbial phytase linearly improves phytate phosphorus utilization by weanling pigs. | two experiments were conducted with weanling pigs to determine the effectiveness of a dietary supplement of aspergillus niger phytase in improving the availability of phytate-p in corn-soybean meal diets without supplemental inorganic p. experiment 1 consisted of two p and ca balance trials and two feeding trials. twelve pigs (8.18 +/- .44 kg bw) were housed individually in stainless steel metabolism cages. six pigs received 750 phytase units (pu)/g of basal diet and the other six pigs received ... | 1993 | 8294288 |
| supplementing corn-soybean meal diets with microbial phytase maximizes phytate phosphorus utilization by weanling pigs. | two experiments were conducted with crossbred weanling pigs to determine the optimal dietary supplement of aspergillus niger phytase activity to a low-p, corn-soybean meal basal diet (bd). in exp. 1, 50 pigs (7.61 +/- .56 kg bw) received the bd supplemented with 750, 1,050, 1,250, or 1,350 phytase units (pu)/g, or .21% p as mono-dibasic calcium phosphate (mdcap) for 4 wk. in exp. 2, 12 pigs (6.39 +/- .74 kg bw) were individually housed in metabolism cages and received bd, bd plus the optimal phy ... | 1993 | 8294289 |
| effects of 1,5-anhydro-d-fructose on selected glucose-metabolizing enzymes. | it was verified, by n.m.r. and fast-atom-bombardment-m.s. studies, that the c-2 position of 1,5-anhydro-d-fructose, which was prepared by the reaction of immobilized glucose 2-oxidase from coriolus versicolor (with 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol), is hydrated to the acetal form in water. the effects of 1,5-anhydro-d-fructose on several glucose-metabolizing enzymes were compared with those of 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol. glucose 1-oxidase from aspergillus niger was inhibited by 1,5-anhydro-d-fructose (ki 6.6 ... | 1993 | 8297506 |
| purification of endo-polygalacturonase by affinity precipitation using alginate. | the precipitation of alginate by ca2+ at ph 3.8 was found to occur concomitantly with the precipitation of endo-polygalacturonase from aspergillus niger. under optimum conditions, 92% of the enzyme activity was precipitated. the enzyme could be recovered from the precipitate by washing with 0.5 m nacl/0.2 m ca2+. all the precipitated endo-polygalacturonase activity could be recovered in this way. the enzyme thus obtained was purified 10-fold. a comparison of sds/page gel patterns of the crude pr ... | 1993 | 8297509 |
| induction of glucose oxidase, catalase, and lactonase in aspergillus niger. | the induction of glucose oxidase, catalase, and lactonase activities was studied both in wild-type and in glucose oxidase regulatory and structural mutants of aspergillus niger. the structural gene for glucose oxidase was isolated and used for northern analysis and in transformation experiments using various gox mutations. wild-type phenotype could be restored in the glucose oxidase-negative mutant (goxc) by transformation with the structural gene. we conclude, therefore, that the goxc marker wh ... | 1993 | 8299156 |
| cloning and characterization of the abfb gene coding for the major alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (abf b) of aspergillus niger. | based on amino-acid sequence data from aspergillus niger alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase b (abf b), and cyanogen bromide fragments derived thereof, deoxyoligonucleotide mixtures were designed to be employed as primers in a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) on a. niger genomic dna. this resulted in amplification of three related pcr products. the abfb gene encoding abf b was isolated from a genomic library using such an amplification product as a probe. a 5.1-kb bamhi fragment was subcloned to result i ... | 1993 | 8299175 |
| a study of the use of rapid methods for preservative efficacy testing of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. | three rapid microbiological methods, impedance, the direct epifluorescence technique (deft-mem) and atp bioluminescence (atp-b) were evaluated for their applicability to preservative efficacy testing (pet) of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. a good correlation between rapid method response and total colony counts was obtained for untreated suspensions of staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and candida albicans with all three methods but, for aspergillus niger, with impedance only. for ch ... | 1993 | 8300446 |
| evaluation and control of worker exposure to fungi in a beet sugar refinery. | a study of worker exposure to airborne fungi was undertaken in a sugar beet refinery to evaluate the level of exposure and to determine if controls could be implemented that would lower these exposures. a previous study at this refinery identified one worker who reacted on challenge testing to the moldy but not the fresh sugar beet pulp, had specific immunoglobulin g to aspergillus niger, and specific immunoglobulin e to aspergillus. also, two employees were diagnosed with occupational asthma. i ... | 1993 | 8304278 |
| buffer-stimulated citrate efflux in penicillium simplicissimum: an alternative charge balancing ion flow in case of reduced proton backflow? | organic acids excreted by filamentous fungi may be used to win metals from industrial secondary raw materials. for a future commercial use a high production rate of organic acids is necessary. the conditions under which the commercially used fungus aspergillus niger excretes high amounts of citric acid can not be maintained in metal leaching processes. however, penicillium simplicissimum showed an enhanced citric acid efflux in the presence of an industrial filter dust containing 50% zinc oxide. ... | 1994 | 8304821 |
| [analysis of 40 cases of otomycosis]. | otomycosis is a rare clinical process, with peculiar characteristics concerning its etiology and presentation, depending on the geographic area. in order to determine the most common agents, the clinical and epidemiological aspects in mycotic external otitis, 40 episodes detected during one year period were analyzed. | 1993 | 8305556 |
| complement binding to aspergillus conidia correlates with pathogenicity. | complement has significant effects on the phagocytosis of aspergillus organisms. we examined the amount and type of complement component c3 bound to the resting conidia of 29 isolates from nine aspergillus species. the highly pathogenic species a. fumigatus and a. flavus bound fewer c3 molecules per unit of conidial surface area than did the less pathogenic species a. glaucus, a. nidulans, a. niger, a. ochraceus, a. terreus, a. versicolor, and a. wentii, as determined by quantitative flow cytome ... | 1993 | 8320488 |
| specific amplification of aspergillus fumigatus dna by polymerase chain reaction. | we have developed a specific and sensitive method to detect the human pathogen aspergillus fumigatus by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with an objective of detecting the organism in peripheral blood and urine which can be obtained by non-invasive procedures. a pair of oligonucleotide primers for pcr were designed based on the published partial protein sequences of an 18 kd ige-binding protein of a. fumigatus asp f1 and the ribotoxins mitogillin and restrictocin of a. restrictus, and alpha-sarci ... | 1993 | 8321251 |
| isolation and characterization of two forms of beta-d-glucosidase from aspergillus niger. | beta-d-glucosidase purified from commercial preparations of clarified culture broth of aspergillus niger (novo sp188) was shown to elute as two distinct species during analytical anion-exchange chromatography (aec). however, the two enzyme forms behaved identically on sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page), high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (hpsec), and isoelectric focusing. also, the n-terminal amino acid sequence, amino acid composition, fingerprint ... | 1993 | 8323261 |
| intensification of glucose oxidase synthesis by multistage mutagenesis of aspergillus niger. scientific note. | | 1993 | 8323263 |