Publications

effect of metal ions on the antimicrobial activity of 5-sulphosalicylic acid.	bis-(5-sulphosalicylato)-diaquo chelates of vo(ii), cu(ii), ni(ii), co(ii), fe(ii) and mn(ii) exerted antifungal activities. the chelates have been characterised for elemental, thermal and infra-red spectral studies and were found to be more fungicidal than the chelating agent. the antifungal activity was found to be in the order: cu(ii) congruent to ni(ii) greater than co(ii) greater than fe(ii) greater than mn(ii) greater than vo(ii).	1986	3101394
comparative study of amphotericin-b pimaricin and gentian violet on ocular fungi.		1986	3155339
[pulmonary aspergillosis in a child with septic granulomatosis].		1986	3520537
[mycetoma of the lungs].	mycetomas of the lungs are, as a rule, localized in the upper (62), medial (22) and very rarely (8) in the lower portions of the lungs. most frequent localization is the right lung. operations were fulfilled on 68 of 92 patients. surgery was shown to be the most effective method of treatment of patients with lung mycetomas. it results in complete and clinical recovery.	1986	3529583
protease production with sweet potato residue by solid state fermentation.	the sweet potato residue being at the initial moisture content 50-58%, initial ph 3.5-4.3, supplemented with rice bran, and minerals, and incubated at 20-26 degrees c for 5 days was the optimal conditions for protease production with aspergillus niger ntu-am-1 by solid state fermentation. protease could be recovered by shaking at room temperature for one hour and extracted with five times volume of 0.1% nacl solution. the yield of protease was 814 units per gram dry weight of substrate. partiall ...	1986	3545704
role of selective pressure by screening organisms in the development of producer mutant isolates of different antibiotic markers.	the phenotypes of producer mutant isolates when obtained after mutagenesis of the spontaneous degenerate aspergillus versicolor n5 by screening on trichophyton rubrum and those on a. niger g3br were found to be markedly different. in respect of phenotypic character anti-t. rubrum producer mutant isolates resembled the parental type more closely (which is specifically active against t. rubrum and generally against dermatophytes) than anti-a. niger mutant isolates. this clearly indicates not only ...	1986	3558163
an assessment of the fungicidal activity of antimicrobial agents used for hard-surface and skin disinfection.	trichophyton mentagrophytes and aspergillus niger conidia and candida albicans blastospores were employed to assess the fungicidal activity of a range of antimicrobial agents used for hard-surface and skin disinfection in hospitals in the u.k. the antimicrobials were tested at in-use concentrations. the time taken to give greater than 99.99% kill was determined by estimating the number of survivors (cfu/ml) at a variety of time intervals after exposure of washed suspensions of spores to the disi ...	1986	3528229
inhibition of complement by culture supernatants of aspergillus fumigatus.	aspergillus fumigatus produced a water-soluble extracellular material that inhibited the opsonization of fungal cells by normal human serum. blastospores of cryptococcus neoformans and conidia from a. fumigatus or aspergillus niger were used as fungal targets for ingestion by human monocytes. the opsonic inhibitor from a. fumigatus was found to decrease binding of complement component c3b to fungal surfaces by selectively interfering with activation of the alternative complement pathway. inhibit ...	1986	3537152
direct fermentation of potato starch to ethanol by cocultures of aspergillus niger and saccharomyces cerevisiae.	direct fermentation of unhydrolyzed potato starch to ethanol by monocultures of an amylolytic fungus, aspergillus niger, and cocultures of a. niger and saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated. amylolytic activity, rate and amount of starch utilization, and ethanol yields increased several-fold in coculture versus the monoculture due to the synergistic metabolic interactions between the species. optimal ethanol yields were obtained in the ph range 5 to 6 and amylolytic activity was obtained in ...	1986	3539016
occupational asthma caused by cellulase.	inhalation of enzyme dusts can cause occupational asthma, and the list of enzymes able to induce asthma is increasing. we report two patients with asthma induced by occupational exposure to cellulase powder derived from aspergillus niger. a type i hypersensitivity to this enzyme was demonstrated by means of skin test reactivity, positive passive transfer test, positive reverse enzyme immunoassay for specific ige, and immediate bronchial provocation test response to cellulase dust. skin tests wit ...	1986	3958392
morphologic and immunologic implications of pedal cutaneous aspergillosis.		1986	3958944
isolation and characterization of an unsaturated fatty acid requiring mutant (ufa4) of aspergillus niger.		1986	3817878
construction of glucose oxidase-loaded human erythrocytes: a model of oxidative cytotoxicity.	human red blood cells were loaded with glucose oxidase from aspergillus niger by a standardized procedure of encapsulation involving transient hypotonic hemolysis followed by isotonic resealing. the amount of loaded enzyme activity, as evaluated by o2 consumption at 5 mm glucose, ranged from 40 to 75 mumoles o2/hr/ml of packed red cells at 37 degrees c. the red cells loaded with glucose oxidase were found to behave as efficient glucose-consuming bioreactors. moreover, at 5 mm glucose, no clear m ...	1986	3804702
flow microcalorimetric study of immobilized enzyme kinetics using the co-immobilized glucose oxidase-catalase system.	the kinetics of the bi-substrate enzyme glucose oxidase (ec 1.1.3.4) (with catalase, ec 1.11.1.6) co-immobilized on glass was studied using flow microcalorimetry. oxygen and glucose external-internal diffusion effects were resolved.	1986	3730398
production and characterization of protein fractions isolated from biomass of aspergillus niger a-3.		1986	3748121
nadp-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase from the citric acid-accumulating fungus aspergillus niger.	nadp-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase [threo-ds-isocitrate: nadp+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating), ec 1.1.1.42] was purified 200-300-fold from the citric acid-accumulating fungus aspergillus niger. the enzyme consists of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular mass of 60 +/- 4 kda and has a pi of 5.9 +/- 0.2. only a single enzyme protein was found, although the enzyme appears to occur both in the mitochondrion and in the cytoplasm. growth on organic acids as carbon sources or on no3- as ni ...	1986	3753466
purification and some properties of three serine carboxypeptidases from aspergillus niger.	three enzymes exhibiting peptidyl-l-amino acid hydrolase and esterase activities have been purified by immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. the three enzymes were entirely free of the acid protease activity that normally exists along with them in the crude culture filtrates of aspergillus niger. although all three exo-peptidases possessed nearly identical molecular weights (ca. 140,000), isoelectric points (ca. 5.0) and other properties, their affinities ...	1986	3805224
growth characteristics of selected fungi on polyvinyl chloride film.	the objective of this study was to determine if plasticized polyvinyl chloride film would support the growth of any of nine species of fungi. the film was suspended in distilled water with no nutrients or with glucose or ammonium sulfate. spores of each of the test species were inoculated into the suspension medium, and the mixture was incubated at 30 degrees c for up to 18 weeks. most species were found to be capable of utilizing the film for carbon or nitrogen when the other nutrient was suppl ...	1986	3707118
fungitoxic effects of nonprotein imino acids on growth of saprophytic fungi isolated from the leaf surface of calliandra haematocephala.	four saprophytic and pathogenic fungi were isolated from the leaf surface of calliandra haematocephala, a tropical legume known to contain large amounts of rare nonprotein imino acids in its leaves and seeds. the fungi aspergillus niger, aspergillus sp., curvularia sp., and penicillium sp. were cultured in the laboratory and tested for susceptibility to leaf extracts of the host plant and to proline, pipecolic acid, cis-5-hydroxypipecolic acid, and 2,4-trans-4,5-cis-4,5-dihydroxypipecolic acid. ...	1986	3707119
separation of mycotoxin-containing sources in grain dust and determination of their mycotoxin potential.	two distinct reservoirs of mycotoxins exist in fungal-infected cereal grains--the fungal spores and the spore-free mycelium-substrate matrix. many fungal spores are of respirable size and the mycelium-substrate matrix can be pulverized to form particles of respirable size during routine handling of grain. in order to determine the contribution of each source to the level of mycotoxin contamination of dust, we developed techniques to harvest and separate mycelium-substrate matrices from spores of ...	1986	3709472
glyceride synthesis by a cell-bound lipase from aspergillus niger.	a cell-bound lipase from the mould aspergillus niger was isolated and purified to homogeneity as judged by disc electrophoresis on a sephadex g-75 column. molecular weight determination and electrophoretic mobility (rf value) indicated that the enzyme differed from that secreted extracellularly. the cell-bound lipase showed a higher capacity than the extracellular enzyme for glyceride synthesis, and reacted in an opposite manner in the synthetic reaction compared with the extracellular enzyme.	1986	3762422
the kinetics of the autolytic phase of growth in cultures of aspergillus niger.	the kinetics of the autolytic phase of growth in cultures of aspergillus niger has been studied. two different autolytic periods could be distinguished. one, consisting of a rapid (exponential) loss (62%) of mycelial weight, occurred between 36 and 117 hours of incubation. a second, consisting of a slow autolysis, occurred between the 117th and the 190th hour of incubation; the mycelial loss here being 5%. based on the degree of autolysis (alpha = 67.0%), 92.5% and 7.5% are lost during the first ...	1986	3724837
pulmonary aspergillosis and the importance of oxalate crystal recognition in cytology specimens.	a 62-year-old man, previously healthy but alcoholic, and who was clinically thought to have bacterial pneumonia, presented with a pulmonary infiltrate in the right apex, and suddenly died of exsanguinating hemoptysis. sputum cultures yielded aspergillus niger and candida krusei while sputum cytology revealed numerous birefringent crystals in a background of acute inflammatory exudate. autopsy findings showed invasive aspergillosis with a large mycetoma-containing cavity in the lung that was asso ...	1986	3778147
inhibitory activity of the genus chrysosporium in relation to the composition of the culture media used.	the effect of nutrients on the formation and accumulation of secondary metabolites in species of the genus chrysosporium was examined. the study was performed according to the method of campbell (1960), and among the results obtained was the fact that the only significant increase in antimicrobial capacity was observed when the strains were grown on a 2% malt extract agar and when micro-organisms were assayed using aspergillus niger.	1986	3736442
degradation of orcinol by aspergillus niger.	aspergillus niger could utilize orcinol (5-methyl-resorcinol or 3,5-dihydroxytoluene) as the sole source of carbon and energy. in the first step of catabolism a. niger hydroxylates orcinol to form 2,3,5-trihydroxytoluene. its oxidized form, 2-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, was also formed in the culture medium during growth of this organism. orcinol-grown cells showed a net increase in the intracellular acetate pool, compared with glucose-grown cells. cell-free extracts of orcinol-grown cell ...	1986	3742332
selective action of mycobacillin on the cellular permeability of aspergillus niger.	cells of aspergillus niger normally release not all but of some specific cell constituents viz., lysine, proline, atp, pi, na+, k+ and ca2+ in the absence of mycobacillin. mycobacillin enhances the release of these materials without causing lysis. the time and concentration of mycobacillin for optimum release depends on the nature of the materials involved.	1986	3710916
[isolation and study of the biological properties of substances stimulating levorin biosynthesis in a mixed actinomycete and yeast culture].	active components responsible for increased synthesis levels of levorin, a polyenic antibiotic in mixed cultures of an actinomycete and a yeast-like fungus c. tropicalis were isolated from the fermentation broth. component i identified as succinic acid increased the levels of the antibiotic production by 40-50 per cent. component ii found to be lactic acid increased the antibiotic production levels by 20 per cent. component iii, a mixture of nonidentified substances of the amine nature stimulate ...	1986	3545067
studies on the evaluation of preservative efficacy--ii. the determination of antimicrobial characteristics of benzylalcohol.	a successful kinetic approach to the screening of preservation efficacy of benzylalcohol--a neutral-type preservative--is described. the d-value, activation energy (ea), temperature coefficient (q10) and concentration exponent (n) were used as parameters in determining the influence of different factors on the efficacy of benzylalcohol. factors, such as the ph of the solution, temperature and concentration of the preservative were investigated. the study was carried out using five micro-organism ...	1986	3531242
modification of the t, k and nk cell population in experimental infection of mice with aspergillus niger.	a study has been made of the cellular response by t, k and nk cells in mice experimentally infected with aspergillus niger. the tests were made on mice treated with 5 x 10(5) conidia. the lymphocyte populations in the blood, spleen and pulmonary lymphnodes have studied to identify possible modifications in immune response in time. the results obtained show that in experimentally infected mice with respect to uninfected mice there is an increase in t-lymphocytes, particularly in the spleen, a per ...	1986	3490617
[clinical course and diagnosis of chronic aspergillosis of the bronchi and lungs].		1986	3536674
rapid separation and quantitation of mixed microorganisms by filtration and bioluminescence.	a membrane filtration/bioluminescence system was developed for the differentiation and quantitation of mixed populations of microorganisms. samples containing microorganisms were filtered through two membrane filters of descending pore size. the microorganisms retained on the filter contain atp that can be extracted and measured on the filter via the firefly luciferase-luciferin bioluminescence assay. results, obtained in less than 20 min, show a good correlation (r greater than or equal to 0.95 ...	1986	3529102
[seasonal variation of allergy-causing fungi in the southern part of mexico city].	the presence of mycotic flora in atmospheric medium has always been an interesting field for allergologists and ecologists interested in the problems of environmental contamination. in 1904 saito in japan demonstrated that certain spores of fungus when inhaled by susceptible individuals can produce severe respiratory processes. since then many studies have been performed to determine the generic and species of causative fungus responsible for respiratory allergy, as well to understand its growth ...	1986	3962816
hydration of cellobial by exo- and endo-type cellulases: evidence for catalytic flexibility of glycosylases.	new insight has been obtained into the catalytic capabilities of cellulase. essentially homogeneous preparations of exo- (or avicelase-) type and endo- (or cmcase-) type cellulases from irpex lacteus and aspergillus niger, respectively, were shown to hydrate the enolic bond of cellobial to form 2-deoxycellobiose. the a. niger enzyme also synthesized a small amount of a 2-deoxycellobiosyl-transfer product from cellobial. by use of digests conducted in deuterated buffer and 1h nmr spectra for prod ...	1986	3964662
no latex starch utilization in euphorbia esula l.	utilization of leaf, stem, root, and latex starch was monitored in euphorbia esula l. plants. leaf, stem, and root starch decreased rapidly during a 52 day light starvation period while latex starch did not. scanning electron and light microscope studies provided additional evidence that no changes in latex starch granules had occurred. amylase activity (6.6 units per milligram protein) could be isolated from latex. however, latex starch granules were extremely resistant to enzymic hydrolysis by ...	1986	16664883
kinetic, inhibition, and stability properties of a commercial beta-d-glucosidase (cellobiase) preparation from aspergillus niger and its suitability in the hydrolysis of lignocellulose.		1986	18561233
amylolysis of raw corn by aspergillus niger for simultaneous ethanol fermentation.	the novelty of this approach was hydrolysis of the raw starch in ground corn to fermentable sugars that are simultaneously fermented to ethanol by yeast in a non-sterile environment. thus, the conventional cooking step can be eliminated for energy conservation. a koji of aspergillus niger grown on whole corn for 3 days was the crude enzyme source. a ratio of 0.2 g dry koji/g total solids was found sufficient. optimum ph was 4.2. ethanol concentration was 7.7% (w/w) in the aqueous phase with 92% ...	1987	18581303
preparation of various glucose esters via lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of glucose pentaacetate.	beta-d(+)-glucose pentaacetate was hydrolyzed both chemically and enzymatically. in contrast to the alkaline hydrolysis, esterase-catalyzed deacetylations afforded significant accumulation of intermediate glucose esters at different degrees of substrate conversion. aspergillus niger lipase, the most suitable of the four enzymes tested, was used for preparative hydrolysis of glucose pentaacetate. as a result, gram quantities of pure glucose-2,3,4,6-tetraacetate, glucose triacetate (a mixture of t ...	1987	18576497
study of the interaction of kathon(r) cg-germall(r) ii in hydrophilic creams.	summary the authors studied the combination of kathon(r) cg and germall(r) ii (0.1%-0.1%) in hydrophilic creams. their objective was to find an alternative to the use of parabens. kathon(r) cg was chosen due to its antimicrobial effectiveness and its broad spectrum of activity. it must be indicated, however, that it has only a weak action against staphylococcus aureus. in order to reinforce its microbicidal action it was combined with germall(r) ii. the kathon(r) cg-germall(r) ii combination sho ...	1987	19456970
fractionation of aspergillus niger cellulases by combined ion exchange affinity chromatography.	eight chemically modified cellulose supports were tested for their ability to absorb components of the aspergillus niger cellulase system. at least two of the most effective adsorbents, aminoethyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose, were shown to be useful for the fractionation of cellulases. these supports apparently owe their resolving capacity to both ion exchange and biospecific binding effects; however, the relative importance of each effect is unknown. these observations form the basis ...	1987	18576373
immobilization of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes on inorganic supports.	commercial cellulase preparations from trichoderma viride and aspergillus niger were immobilized on porous silica glass and ceramics such as alumina and titania with titanium tetrachloride (ticl(4)) and on their silanized derivatives with glutaraldehyde (glut). the amounts of the immobilized enzymes were in the range 10-50 mg/g carrier (dry) depending on the kind of carrier and immobilization method. their activities toward carboxymethyl cellulose (cmc), xylan, aryl-beta-glucoside, and aryl-beta ...	1987	18576381
citric acid production using immobilized conidia of aspergillus niger tmb 2022.	conidia of aspergillus niger tmb 2022 were immobilized in calcium alginate for the production of citric acid. a 1-ml conidia suspension containing ca. 2.32 x 10(8) conidia were entrapped into sodium alginate solution in order to prepare 3% ca-alginate (w/v) gel bead. immobilized conidia were inoculated into productive medium containing 14% sucrose, 0.25% (nh(4))(2)co(3), 0.25% kh(2)po(4), and 0.025% mgso(4).7h(2)o with addition of 0.06 mg/l cuso(4).5h(2)o, 0.25 mg/l zncl(2), 1.3 mg/l fecl(3).6h( ...	1987	18576417
purification and characterization of a polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein from phaseolus vulgaris l.	homogeneous endo-polygalacturonase (pg) was covalently bound to cyanogen-bromide-activated sepharose, and the resulting pg-sepharose conjugate was utilized to purify, by affinity chromatography, a protein from phaseolus vulgaris hypocotyls that binds to and inhibits pg. isoelectric focusing of the purified pg-inhibiting protein (pgip) showed a major protein band that coincided with pg-inhibiting activity. pgip formed a complex with pg at ph 5.0 and at low salt concentrations. the complex dissoci ...	1987	16665751
elicitation of necrosis in vigna unguiculata walp. by homogeneous aspergillus niger endo-polygalacturonase and by alpha-d-galacturonate oligomers.	endo-polygalacturonase (pg) was purified from a commercial preparation of aspergillus niger pectinase by means of carboxymethylcellulose chromatography, preparative isoelectric focusing, and gel permeation through sephadex g-50. the enzyme was electrophoretically homogeneous and consisted of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 33,500. the enzyme exhibited a specific activity significantly higher than those of purified polygalacturonases from phytopathogenic fungi. galacturonate ...	1987	16665750
[kinetics of the radial growth of aspergillus colonies at various temperatures].		1987	3150504
physico-chemical interaction of mycobacillin with aspergillus niger protoplast membrane, the site of its action.	mycobacillin partially quenched the strong fluorescence when 1-anilino naphthalene 8-sulfonate (ans) was added to protoplast or plasma membrane but is without any effect on weak fluorescence when added to cell-free extract. there are two classes of ans binding sites on protoplast or plasma membrane of which one class is sensitive to mycobacillin, being competitively abolished by it. mycobacillin also non-competitively inhibits the binding of pyrene, a lipid specific probe. thus it follows from t ...	1987	3624066
lipid composition and amino acid transport in a nystatin-resistant mutant of aspergillus niger.	a nystatin-resistant mutant of aspergillus niger has been isolated and used as a model system to study the effect of altered sterol levels on lipid composition, transport behavior and physical properties of membrane lipids. there is a decrease in the sterol to phospholipid ratio in the mutant compared to the wild type. although there is no qualitative change in phospholipid composition, the mutant contains a higher amount of phosphatidylcholine and a lower amount of phosphatidylethanolamine comp ...	1987	3669923
development of a homologous transformation system for aspergillus niger based on the pyrg gene.	the development of a homologous transformation system for aspergillus niger is described. the system is based on the use of an orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase deficient mutant (pyrg) and a vector, pab4-1, which contains the functional a. niger pyrg gene as a selection marker. transformation of the a. niger pyrg mutant with pab4-1 resulted in the appearance of stable pyr+ transformants at a frequency of 40 transformants per microgram of dna. in 90% of these transformants integration had occu ...	1987	3472035
cloning and molecular analysis of the ornithine carbamoyl transferase gene of aspergillus niger.	we have cloned the gene encoding ornithine carbamoyl transferase (octase) from aspergillus niger. the structure and complete nucleotide sequence of this gene have been determined. the gene encodes an mrna of 1.3 kb. the transcription unit contains an open reading frame of 1110 nucleotides (nt) which shows strong homology to the octase of aspergillus nidulans along most of its length. the n terminus, which shows little or no homology to other octases, is highly basic and is probably involved in m ...	1987	3443301
influence of culture conditions on mycelial structure and polygalacturonase synthesis of aspergillus niger.	biosynthesis of polygalacturonase (pg) by a. niger strain r 1/214 correlates with the morphology of mycelium in submerged culture. the mean specific pg-synthesis (pg-u.g-1.h-1) increases with the degree of compactness of mycelium. pg-production can be optimized by a precise adjustment of the culture conditions after direct spore inoculation (diffuse mycelium) but the high synthesis as by compact mycelium is never obtained. different reasons for the higher enzyme production by the pellet mycelium ...	1987	3443911
effect of nacl on the accumulation of glycerol by three aspergillus species.	the accumulation of glycerol was investigated in three aspergillus species, a. niger, a. ochraceus and a. tamarii after being grown in media containing different nacl concentrations. intra-extracellular as well as total glycerol were markedly accumulated by the three organisms in response to increased salinity. however, at salinity levels of 10-14% nacl, extracellular glycerol was somewhat lowered. in addition, it was found that the maximum accumulation of glycerol in a. niger and a. tamarii was ...	1987	3449615
transformation of aspergillus oryzae using the a. niger pyrg gene.	a transformation system for aspergillus oryzae based on the orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase gene (pyrg) was developed. transformation frequencies of up to 16 transformants per microgram of dna were obtained with the vector pab4-1, which carries the pyrg gene of a. niger. southern blotting analysis showed that vector dna sequences were integrated into the chromosomal dna, in various copy numbers and presumably at different sites. efficient cotransformation of an unselectable gene was also sh ...	1987	3481025
the influence of "slip" on rheological measurements on a mycelial broth of aspergillus niger.		1987	3481230
aspergillus niger sulfhydryl oxidase.	a procedure for the isolation of a sulfhydryl oxidase from an aspergillus niger cell suspension involved three major steps and yielded enzyme preparations exhibiting a single but diffuse protein-containing zone when subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with a subunit molecular weight estimated to be 53,000. sedimentation equilibrium experiments indicated a native molecular weight of 106,000. analyses for sugar residues showed that the enzyme is a glycoprotein, ...	1987	3427078
[purification of an alcoholic extract of licorice, glycyrrhiza glabra l., by a strain of aspergillus niger].		1987	3434975
sterilization efficacy of ultraviolet irradiation on microbial aerosols under dynamic airflow by experimental air conditioning systems.	in order to know the sterilization efficacy of ultraviolet irradiation on microbial aerosols, the size and the weight of the aerosol particles were evaluated, and these were irradiated under dynamic air flow created by an experimental air conditioning system. the experimental apparatus consisted of a high efficiency particulate air (hepa) filter, an aerosol generator, spiral uv lamps placed around a quart glass tube, an andersen air sampler and a vacuum pump. they were connected serially by stai ...	1987	3127068
saprophytic fungi isolated from animal and bird pens in egypt.	forty-four samples collected from animal and bird pens were screened for their content of saprophytic fungi by using the dilution plate method. 76 species in addition to one variety of aspergillus flavus belonging to 33 genera were recovered on three types of media: 20 genera and 49 species on littman-oxgall agar, 19 genera and 41 species on cellulose- and 19 genera and 43 species on glucose-czapek's agar. the most frequent genera were aspergillus (21 species), scopulariopsis (4 species) and pen ...	1987	3130473
lipid profiles of conidia of aspergillus niger and a fatty acid auxotroph.	conidial lipids of the wild-type (v35) aspergillus niger and its unsaturated fatty acid auxotroph (ufa2) were compared. the wild type contained lower levels (7.6%) of phospholipids and higher levels (28.4%) of glycolipids than the mutant (16.5 and 22.2%, respectively). oleic (33.4%), linoleic (22.5%), palmitic (12.8%), stearic (7.4%), and linolenic (6.2%) were the main fatty acids of the wild type (v35). the mutant grew only in the presence of unsaturated fatty acid having at least one delta 9ci ...	1987	3446348
in vivo behavior of glucose oxidase derivatives of prolonged plasmatic half-life.		1987	3475023
biotyping of micelial fungus cultures by the killer system.	based on the occurrence of the yeast killer phenomenon in hyphomycetes, the toxic effect of 37 selected killer yeasts was studied on eleven strains of pseudallescheria boydii, six strains of aspergillus niger, 18 strains of penicillium camemberti and nine strains of sporothrix schenckii. the demonstration of different biotypes within the species of p. boydii and p. camemberti proves that the killer system also is a practical and effective method for epidemiological studies among hyphomycetes. ba ...	1987	3653352
presence and regulation of atp:citrate lyase from the citric acid producing fungus aspergillus niger.	atp:citrate lyase (ec 4.1.3.8) has been identified in cell-free extracts from the filamentous fungus aspergillus niger. the enzyme was located in the cytosol. it exhibits an activity at least ten times that of acetate-coa-kinase (ec 6.2.1.1) during growth on carbohydrates as carbon sources, and is thus considered responsible for acetyl-coa formation under these conditions. it is formed constitutively and its biosynthesis does not appear to be controlled by changes in the nitrogen or carbon sourc ...	1987	3579463
mycoflora and trichothecene toxins of paddy grains from egypt.	120 species and 38 genera were collected from 64 samples of paddy grains on glucose- and cellulose-czapek's agar at 28 degrees c. the total count of glycophilic and cellulose-decomposing fungi fluctuated between 216-29760; and 124-11320 colonies/g paddy grains on the two media, respectively. on glucose agar, the most common species were aspergillus niger, a. flavus, a. sydowi, a. terreus, a. fumigatus, a. ochraceus, penicillium chrysogenum, p. corylophilum, fusarium oxysporum, alternaria alterna ...	1987	3696188
enzyme-catalysed non-oxidative decarboxylation of aromatic acids: i. purification and spectroscopic properties of 2,3 dihydroxybenzoic acid decarboxylase from aspergillus niger.	in order to understand the molecular mechanism of non-oxidative decarboxylation of aromatic acids observed in microbial systems, 2,3 dihydroxybenzoic acid (dhba) decarboxylase from aspergillus niger was purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography. the enzyme (mr 120 kda) had four identical subunits (28 kda each) and was specific for dhba. it had a ph optimum of 5.2 and km was 0.34 mm. the decarboxylation did not require any cofactors, nor did the enzyme had any pyruvoyl group at the activ ...	1987	3593354
the activation of aspergillus niger catalase by sodium n-dodecyl-sulphate.	in marked contrast to most enzymes it is found that at ph 6.4 the activity of the fungal catalase from aspergillus niger is increased on binding of sodium n-dodecyl sulphate (sds). activation of the enzyme by up to 180% is found under optimum conditions when approx. 150 sds molecules are bound. activation does not occur under acid (ph 3.2) or alkaline (ph 10.0) conditions. sedimentation analysis confirms that the enzyme does not dissociate into subunits at ph 6.4 (or ph 10.0). these observations ...	1987	3593744
synthesis and biocidal activity of zn(ii) complexes of some 2,2'-substituted diphenylamines.	binary as well as ternary complexes of zn(ii) with diphenylamine-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid (dpdc), diphenylamine-2-amino-2'-carboxylic acid (dpac), diphenylamine-2-hydroxy-2'-carboxylic acid (dphc), diphenylamine-2-mercapto-2'-carboxylic acid (dpmc), and n-(2-pyridino) anthranilic acid (npa) have been synthesized and characterized by their elemental analysis, ir spectral data, and molar conductance measurements. antimicrobial activity of these ligands and their respective zn(ii) complexes have been ...	1987	3553430
antifungal activity of ajoene derived from garlic.	the antifungal activity of six fractions derived from garlic was investigated in an in vitro system. ajoene had the strongest activity in these fractions. the growth of both aspergillus niger and candida albicans was inhibited by ajoene at less than 20 micrograms/ml.	1987	3555334
[a case of pulmonary aspergillosis with massive hemoptysis and tumor-like shadow, in healed tuberculosis complicated by diabetes mellitus].		1987	3599574
structural studies of sialylated oligosaccharides of human midcycle cervical mucin.	it was previously shown that reductive alkali treatment of purified human cervical mucin releases a heterogeneous population of reduced neutral, sialylated, and sulfated oligosaccharides (yurewicz, e. c., and moghissi, k. s. (1981) j. biol. chem. 256, 11895-11904). four major sialylated oligosaccharide fractions were isolated with approximate compositions of fuc:glcnac:gal:neuac:n-acetylgalactosaminitol (galnacol) = 0:0:0:1:1 (b1a), 0:0:1:1:1 (b2b), 0:1:2:1:1 (b3a), and 1:1:2:1:1 (b4a), where fu ...	1987	3558366
mode of antifungal action of essential oil components citral and camphor.		1987	3452599
effect of agar on the inhibitory activity of antifungal compounds citral and menthol.		1987	3453817
mycoflora and mycotoxins of peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) seeds in egypt. 1--sugar fungi and natural occurrence of mycotoxins.	sixty-four species and 2 varieties which belong to nineteen genera of fungi were identified from 40 peanut seed samples collected from different places in egypt by using a dilution-plate method on glucose-czapek's medium. the most frequent genera were aspergillus (21 species & 2 varieties), penicillium (16 species) and fusarium (6 species). a. flavus, a. fumigatus, a. niger, p. chrysogenum and f. oxysporum were the most common fungal species. forty seven percent of the samples proved to be toxic ...	1987	3587340
preparation, characterization, and potential application of an immobilized glucose oxidase.	a simple, one-step process, using 0.25 m p-benzoquinone dissolved in 20% dioxane at 50 degrees c for 24 h was applied to the activation of polyacrylamide beads. the activated beads were reacted with glucose oxidase isolated from aspergillus niger. the coupling reaction was performed in 0.1 m potassium phosphate at ph 8.5 and 0-4 degrees c for 24 h. the protein concentration was 50 mg/ml. in such conditions, the highest activity achieved was about 100 u/g solid. the optimum ph for the catalytic a ...	1987	3592653
[production of solasodine by microbial hydrolysis of the glycoalkaloids of solanum eleagnofolium cav. a comparative study with chemical hydrolysis].		1987	3508323
quantitative neutralization assay of fungicidal activity of disinfectants.	a quantitative assay using a neutralization medium was developed to evaluate fungicidal activity of disinfectants. concentrated dey-engley neutralizing broth was used in this study and was demonstrated to inactivate various chemical agents within 5 min when disinfectant concentrations were reduced to specific levels. addition of this dey-engley broth to test tubes containing fungal cells and disinfectants permitted control of the various interactions times. subsequent concentration of the disinf ...	1987	3300541
enzyme-catalyzed, gas-phase reactions.	dehydrated preparations of alcohol oxidase adsorbed on deae-cellulose vigorously catalyze a gas-phase oxidation of ethanol vapors with molecular oxygen. the gas-phase reaction is strongly dependent on the water activity of the system. the enzymatic activity is severely inhibited by the product hydrogen peroxide. this inhibition can be alleviated, however, by an addition of catalase or peroxidase to the dry preparation. such dehydrated, bienzymic catalysts afford a complete and selective conversi ...	1987	3310874
synthesis and biodegradation of polymers derived from aspartic acid.	the synthesis of copolymers derived from aspartic acid hydrochloride, their characterization and their hydrolytic degradation and biodegradation by aspergillus niger and e. coli have been described. the alpha-amino dicarboxylic acid has been copolymerized with 1,2-ethane diol, 1,3-butane diol, 1,4-butane diol, 1,6-hexane diol and glycerol to get copolyesters i, ii, iii, iv and v respectively. the polymer samples have been characterized by their number average molecular weight (mn), elemental ana ...	1987	3315021
[studies on using choline salt of n-glucosylpolyfungine as an antifungal preparation for cell culture].	fungistatic and fungicidal activity as well as the toxicity of the polyfungine derivative of choline n-glucosylpolyfungine salt for chicken embryo fibroblasts were studied. this preparation was found to inhibit the growth of candida albicans, aspergillus niger and penicillium sp. at 25-100 micrograms/ml concentrations of the medium. the highest sensitivity to polyfungine was shown by c. albicans strain, and the lowest by aspergillus niger strain. the preparation studied did not lose its activity ...	1987	3320997
antimicrobial activity of cinnamic acid derivatives.		1987	3301642
improvement of enzyme production in aspergillus.		1987	3120641
metabolism of 2-ketoaldehydes in mold: purification and characterization of glyoxalase i from aspergillus niger.	glyoxalase i catalyzing the conversion of methylglyoxal into s-lactoylglutathione in the presence of glutathione was purified approximately 1,400-fold with 2.9% activity yield from mold, aspergillus niger. the enzyme consisted of a single polypeptide chain with a relative molecular weight of 36,000 on both sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sephadex g-150 gel filtration. the enzyme was most active at ph 7.0, 35-37 degrees c. among the various aldehydes tested, the enzyme was active on me ...	1987	3123469
'fungal contamination of arecanut'.		1987	3148548
sporicidal activity of local anaesthetics and their binary combinations with preservatives.	the sporicidal activity of 1% solutions of five local anaesthetics and five preservatives (cetrimide, chlorocresol, chlorhexidine, phenoxyethanol and phenylmercuric nitrate) at their pharmacopeial concentrations, alone and in binary combinations was determined against bacillus subtilis and aspergillus niger spores at different temperature levels by the surface viable count technique. the sporicidal activity of all tested systems were temperature dependent. a. niger spores were much more sensitiv ...	1987	3134539
biological activity of ukrain in vitro and in vivo.		1987	3334662
effect of prosthetic sugar groups on the pharmacokinetics of glucose-oxidase.	the administration of enzymes is of potential therapeutic value in many disease states, e.g. lysosomal storage diseases, provided problems in the metabolism and targeting of large proteins can be overcome. we have addressed ourselves to these problems by studying the pharmacokinetics and distribution of glucose-oxidase (go) and some of its derivatives in mice. a saturable mechanism was responsible for go uptake by mononuclear phagocytes. after construction of a pharmacokinetic model, the kuptake ...	1987	2855567
transformation of aspergillus niger using the homologous orotidine-5'-phosphate-decarboxylase gene.	a homologous transformation system for the filamentous fungus aspergillus niger has been developed, based on the orotidine-5'-phosphate-decarboxylase gene. a. niger pyr- mutants have been selected from 5-fluoro-orotic acid resistant mutants. these mutants were found to comprise two complementation groups, pyra and pyrb. the a. niger omp-decarboxylase gene was isolated from a gene library by heterologous hybridization with the neurospora crassa pyr4 gene. the cloned gene is capable to transform a ...	1987	2836081
nitrile hydratase is a quinoprotein. a possible new function of pyrroloquinoline quinone: activation of h2o in an enzymatic hydration reaction.	nitrile hydratase has been proved to be a quinoprotein with pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq) as a prosthetic group. the broad shoulder from 300 to 500 nm in the absorption spectrum of brevibacterium nitrile hydratase suggested the presence of pqq. since pqq was attached to the enzyme through a covalent linkage, the chromophores were isolated by acid hydrolysis, protease digestion and successive chromatographic separation. the isolated chromophores showed the similar spectroscopic characteristics t ...	1987	2820412
transformation of aspergillus based on the hygromycin b resistance marker from escherichia coli.	a new, heterologous, dominant marker for selection of aspergillus transformants is described. this marker is based on the escherichia coli hygromycin b (hmb) phosphotransferase gene (hph). expression of the hph gene is controlled by a. nidulans gpd and trpc expression signals. an aspergillus transformation vector was constructed which contains this marker and confers hmb resistance to aspergillus species. with both a. niger and a. nidulans, transformation frequencies of 5-20 transformants per mi ...	1987	2824287
investigations on the production of fungal amylolytic enzymes by calcium alginate gel immobilized aspergillus niger.		1987	3111332
characterization of the beta-glucosidase activity associated with immobilized cellulase of aspergillus niger.		1987	3111335
selection of amylolytically active aspergillus niger mutants to 2-deoxy-d-glucose.	as a result of mutagenization and passaging on 2-deoxy-d-glucose containing medium, 10 aspergillus niger strains resistant to this agent were obtained. these showed (with one exception) an increase in the activity of glucoamylse, the level of which ranged widely in individual cases from several to over 200% in comparison with the parent strain. a weaker rate of glucose accumulation in derepressed strains may account for the fact that the mechanism of their resistance to deoxyglucose is connected ...	1987	3122460
microbial degradation of chlorinated aromatic compounds.	many microorganisms are capable of utilizing anthropogenic chloroaromatics as the sole source of carbon and energy. techniques of co-cultivation, conjugation, and in vitro cloning have been used to extend the range of haloaromatic degradation in bacteria. employment of suitable 'degrader' strains may contribute significantly towards the removal of these compounds from the environment.	1987	3153591
evaluation of commercial serologic test reagents for immunoidentification of medically important aspergilli.	we evaluated commercial serodiagnostic test reagents from greer laboratories (gl), lenoir, nc; immuno-mycologics, inc. (imi), norman, ok; and scott laboratories (sl), fiskville, ri; for their ability to detect aspergillus spp. exoantigens and group them in their proper series. we detected 87 culture extracts from coded cultures of aspergillus groups and heterologous fungi against anti-a. fumigatus, a. flavus, a. nidulans, a. niger, and a. terreus sera in the presence of their corresponding antig ...	1987	3126020
a nuclear specific glycoprotein representative of a unique pattern of glycosylation.	whole rat liver nuclei were reacted with udp-[14c]galactose in the presence of bovine beta(1----4) galactosyltransferase. the reaction mixture was electrophoresed on a reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel. autoradiograms of the gel demonstrated a major labeled broad band migrating with an apparent molecular weight of 65,000-66,000. a number of other less prominently labeled bands were also present. the labeled 65,000-66,000 band when cut from the gel and subjected to alkaline reduc ...	1987	3100529
[clinical observations on nasosinus aspergillosis].		1987	2955485
semicontinuous and continuous production of citric acid with immobilized cells of aspergillus niger.	the citric acid excretion of ca-alginate-immobilized cells of aspergillus niger in batch culture decreased with a half-time of approximately 19 days. reactivation of the biocatalysts by regeneration in growth medium was possible, but it was followed by a submerged sporulation of the fungus, and medium was highly contaminated with free cells. citric acid production could better be prolonged by semicontinuous cultivation with medium exchange every 7 or 14 days, respectively. after 32 days the rema ...	1987	2955588
pectinolytic activity of revertants of auxotrophic strains of aspergillus niger.	from conidia of 4 different auxotrophic a. niger strains 400 spontaneous revertants (100 from each strain) were obtained, and in one case additionally 100 revertants induced by mutagens (uv+ntg). the revertants showed a considerable differentiation with regard to the total pectinolytic activity. its highest increase occurred in revertants originating from auxotrophs greatly predisposed to synthesize pectinases. in the case of revertants induced by mutagenes an increase in the frequency of their ...	1987	2442973
activity stain for polygalacturonase.		1988	2466863
the olic3 gene of aspergillus niger: isolation, sequence and use as a selectable marker for transformation.	the olic3 gene of aspergillus niger has been isolated and sequenced. this gene encodes an oligomycin-resistant variant of the mitochondrial atp synthase subunit 9. in transformation experiments the gene can serve as a semi-dominant selectable marker for a. niger. it was possible to recognize transformants in which olic3 had integrated at the homologous olic locus, as opposed to elsewhere in the genome, by observation of phenotypes on medium containing oligomycin. dna sequencing has allowed compa ...	1988	2901295
production and characterization of a murine monoclonal antibody to aspergillus fumigatus antigen having igg- and ige-binding activity.	by employing hybridoma technology, a monoclonal antibody against aspergillus fumigatus was produced. this antibody, isotyped as igm k, reacted with 12 of 16 antigens extracted from 9 different a. fumigatus strains. this antibody also reacted with all 3 aspergillus flavus antigens studied, but not with aspergillus niger, aspergillus terreus, penicillium notatum or candida albicans antigens. western blot analysis indicated that this antibody reacted with two concanavalin a (con-a) binding bands of ...	1988	3045013
[mycologic analyses of house dust in patients with mycotic infections of the paranasal sinuses and in healthy probands].	dust samples from 30 patients suffering from an aspergillus sinusitis and from 20 healthy persons were analysed for moulds as a possible cause of mycotic sinusitis. questionnaires were also distributed to assess the ecological environment of the patients. mycological analyses of the dust samples showed no statistical difference in the presence of moulds, especially those of aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus niger. both moulds were found to roughly the same extent in 75%-95% of subjects. the ...	1988	3045056
[production by fungi of the genera aspergillus, acremonium, verticillium of extracellular proteases which coagulate blood plasma and lyse blood clots].	among 24 fungal strains belonging to the genera aspergillus, acremonium and verticillium, eight strains synthesized proteases with the coagulating activity. the most active strains producing such proteases were found among aspergillus species. the fibrinolytic activity was detected in 12 strains of the fungi. proteases with the fibrinolytic activity differed in their sensitivity to plasma inhibitors and the least sensitive proteases were found in a. niger and a. flavus. some fungal strains synth ...	1988	3062332