Publications

the production of yeast-growth stimulants by the molds: i. aspergillus niger, trichoderma lignorum, and aspergillus clavatus.		1931	16559501
mycotoxic nervous disease in cattle fed sprouted barley contaminated with aspergillus clavatus.		2004	15887391
aspergillus clavatus tremorgenic neurotoxicosis in cattle fed sprouted grains.	beef and dairy cattle from four different herds in southern and central queensland fed hydroponically-produced sprouted barley or wheat grain heavily infested with aspergillus clavatus developed posterior ataxia with knuckling of fetlocks, muscular tremors and recumbency, but maintained appetite. a few animals variously had reduced milk production, hyperaesthesia, drooling of saliva, hypermetria of hind limbs or muscle spasms. degeneration of large neurones was seen in the brain stem and spinal ...	2004	15887390
isolation, identification and antifungal susceptibility of lemon pathogenic and non pathogenic fungi.	numerous species of filamentous fungi were isolated from lemon on different plantations in the province of tucuman, argentina. the techniques suggested by the subcommittee of antifungal susceptibility of the national committee for clinical laboratory standards, (usa) were adapted. the effect of three different concentrations of the fungicides imazalil, guazatine, sopp and thiabendazole on the fungi fusarium oxysporum, fusarium moniliforme, aspergillus niger, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus clava ...	2005	15813686
patulin produced by an aspergillus clavatus isolated from feed containing malting residues associated with a lethal neurotoxicosis in cattle.	a severe neurotoxicosis, comprising tremors, ataxia, paresis, recumbency and death, occurred simultaneously among several herds of beef cattle in the region of flanders (belgium). after a first multi-toxin screening of some suspected diet elements, verruculogen was detected in a sample of a common feed ingredient. however, when the first animal necropsies revealed serious nervous lesions, including neuronal degeneration of the central nervous system and axonal degeneration in the peripheral nerv ...	2004	15702266
[phytotoxic activity of chernozem saprophytic micromycetes: specificity, sorption and stability of phytotoxins in soil].	micromycetes of the complex of typical chernozem saprotrophic fungi released phytotoxic metabolites into medium. the metabolites displayed their phytotoxic activities directly in soil. evaluation of the toxicities, range of biological effects activities, and stabilities of phytotoxins in soil and the rates of their biodegradation allowed the species that can serve as indicators of chernozem microbial toxicosis to be selected, namely, aspergillus clavatus, fusarium solani, talaromyces flavus, pen ...	2003	14520964
[research on the sporulation of aspergillus clavatus desm].		1960	13772478
a toxic aspergillus clavatus isolated from feed pellets.		1954	13180498
mycotoxin production and evolutionary relationships among species of aspergillus section clavati.	aspergillus clavatus is a commonly encountered fungus in the environment, producing a number of mycotoxins including patulin, kojic acid, cytochalasins and tremorgenic mycotoxins. a. clavatus belongs to aspergillus section clavati together with six other species, all of which possess clavate-shaped vesicles. patulin production was analysed by thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography, while a primer pair developed for the detection of an iso-epoxydon dehydrogenase gene ...	2003	12785313
neurological disorder in dairy cattle associated with consumption of beer residues contaminated with aspergillus clavatus.	a neurological syndrome in dairy cattle associated with consumption of moldy beer residues is described. the disease occurred on 1 farm in late june 2001, during winter. six heifers and 1 cow out of 45 cattle were affected during a 3-week period. the affected animals died spontaneously or were euthanized approximately 2-14 days after the onset of clinical signs. the clinical signs were characterized by flaccid paralysis and gait abnormalities. clinical signs were more pronounced after exercise a ...	2003	12661722
brefeldin a, a cytotoxin produced by paecilomyces sp. and aspergillus clavatus isolated from taxus mairei and torreya grandis.	paecilomyces sp. and aspergillus clavatus, which were isolated from taxus mairei and torreya grandis from southeast china, produced toxic metabolites when grown in liquid culture. nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, infrared spectrometry, electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy and x-ray analysis identified brefeldin a, a bioactive metabolite produced by a number of fungal species belonging to the genera alternaria, ascochyta, penicillium, curvularia, cercospora and phyllosticta. this is th ...	2002	12208606
nonspecific deadenylation on sarcin/ricin domain rna catalyzed by gelonin under acidic conditions.	gelonin is a single-chain ribosome-inactivating protein that can hydrolyze the glycosidic bond of a highly conserved adenosine residue in the sarcin/ricin domain (srd) of the largest rna in ribosome and thus irreversibly inhibit protein synthesis. recently, the specificity in substrate recognition was challenged by the fact that gelonin could remove adenines from some other oligoribonucleotide substrates. however, the site specificity of gelonin to deadenylate various substrates were unknown. he ...	2002	11888204
crystal structures of restrictocin-inhibitor complexes with implications for rna recognition and base flipping.	the cytotoxin sarcin disrupts elongation factor binding and protein synthesis by specifically cleaving one phosphodiester bond in ribosomes. to elucidate the molecular basis of toxin action, we determined three cocrystal structures of the sarcin homolog restrictocin bound to different analogs that mimic the target sarcin/ricin loop (srl) structure of the rat 28s rrna. in these structures, restrictocin contacts the bulged-g motif and an unfolded form of the tetraloop of the srl rna. in one struct ...	2001	11685244
occurrence of itraconazole-tolerant micromycetes in the soil and food products.	unexpected pathogens from the environment represent considerable risk for humans with impaired health. we examined the occurrence of itraconazole tolerant micromycetes in soil and in maize products. five concentrations of itraconazole (2.5-12.5 micrograms/ml) selected according to known treatment schedules for human patients were incorporated into sabouraud agar with chloramphenicol and rose bengal and diluted samples were inoculated onto the agar surface. after 7-d growth at 22 degrees c coloni ...	1999	11097027
the 3d arrangement of the 23 s and 5 s rrna in the escherichia coli 50 s ribosomal subunit based on a cryo-electron microscopic reconstruction at 7.5 a resolution.	the escherichia coli 23 s and 5 s rrna molecules have been fitted helix by helix to a cryo-electron microscopic (em) reconstruction of the 50 s ribosomal subunit, using an unfiltered version of the recently published 50 s reconstruction at 7.5 a resolution. at this resolution, the em density shows a well-defined network of fine structural elements, in which the major and minor grooves of the rrna helices can be discerned at many locations. the 3d folding of the rrna molecules within this em dens ...	2000	10756104
single-step purification of immunotoxins containing a high ionic charge ribosome inactivating protein clavin by carboxymethyl high-performance membrane chromatography.	high-performance membrane chromatography (hpmc) and hplc hydroxyapatite chromatography were compared for their efficiency in purifying immunotoxins (its) containing the ribosome-inactivating protein clavin, which is characterized by a high anionic charge and a low molecular mass. both methods efficiently removed unreacted clavin from the conjugate crude mixture, but only the cation-exchange hpmc allowed efficient single-step separation of the unreacted monoclonal antibody (mab) from its obtained ...	1999	10048197
production and characterisation of a recombinant single-chain anti erbb2-clavin immunotoxin.	we generated a recombinant immunotoxin, named scfv(mgr6)-cla, composed of the fv region of an anti erbb2 monoclonal antibody (mgr6) fused to clavin, a type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein (rip) from aspergillus clavatus. erbb2 is a tyrosine kinase receptor which is overexpressed in most adenocarcinomas; clavin is a 17 kda ribonuclease which inhibits protein synthesis by inactivating ribosomes. a recombinant dna construct containing the cdna of the single chain fv fragment (scfv) of the mgr6 anti ...	1998	9858910
double-stranded rna mycoviruses in species of aspergillus sections circumdati and fumigati.	isolates (178) belonging to aspergillus sections fumigati, candidi, clavati, and circumdati were tested for the presence of double-stranded rna (dsrna) genomes. altogether, 5.6% of the aspergillus strains examined were infected with dsrnas. dsrna segments indicative of mycovirus infection were observed for the first time in neosartorya hiratsukae, neosartorya quadricincta, petromyces alliaceus, and aspergillus clavatus strains. correlation was not observed between ochratoxin production and dsrna ...	1998	9734307
role of cross-linking agents in determining the biochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of mgr6-clavin immunotoxins.	several immunotoxins (its) were synthesized by the attachment of clavin, a recombinant toxic protein derived from aspergillus clavatus, to the monoclonal antibody mgr6 that recognizes an epitope of the gp185(her-2) extracellular domain expressed on breast and ovarian carcinoma cells. conjugation and purification parameters were analyzed in an effort to optimize the antitumor activity and stability of the its in vivo. to modulate the in vitro and in vivo properties of the immunotoxins, different ...	1998	9576812
production of patulin and cytochalasin e by aspergillus clavatus during malting of barley and wheat.	production of patulin and cytochalasin e by four strains of aspergillus clavatus during small-scale laboratory malting of barley at 16 and 25 degrees c was investigated. fungal biomass, measured as ergosterol, appeared to be greater at 25 than at 16 degrees c, but marked differences were observed between the degree of colonization by the different strains. patulin was detected in extracts by hplc. net production was greater at 16 degrees c, but amounts were strain dependent. except for one strai ...	1997	9105920
characterization of a new ribotoxin gene (c-sar) from aspergillus clavatus.	a new ribotoxin, c-sarcin, was isolated from a culture of aspergillus clavatus. a full-length genomic dna (c-sar) coding for c-sarcin was cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence showed a high homology to restrictocin and alpha-sarcin. the native toxin as well as the recombinant protein hydrolysed ribosomes and naked rna. the genomic structure of the c-sar gene had an intron located between the coding sequences for secretory signal peptide and the mature protein. the intron containe ...	1997	9080594
clavin, a type-1 ribosome-inactivating protein from aspergillus clavatus ifo 8605. cdna isolation, heterologous expression, biochemical and biological characterization of the recombinant protein.	we describe the cloning and expression of a new cdna from the filamentous fungus aspergillus clavatus ifo 8605. this cdna contains an open reading frame (orf) that predicts a putative ribonuclease precursor with high similarity to the alpha-sarcin family of ribosome-inactivating proteins (rips). the cdna encoding the mature protein was expressed in escherichia coli, and the recombinant protein, a 17-kda polypeptide designated clavin was purified and characterized. clavin shows typical type-1 rip ...	1996	8706730
[tremorogenic mycotoxicosis caused by the fungi aspergillus clavatus, clinical features, pathomorphology, and isolation of metabolites].	tremorgenic mycotoxicosis of the fungus aspergillus clavatus growing on malt sprouts under natural and laboratory conditions has been studied. the clinical aspect and pathomorphology of the diseases were investigated and a pure culture a. clavatus was isolated. three schemes of cultivation of a. clavatus in laboratory conditions were tested to obtain tremorgens. the scheme of cultivation in thermostat at 37 degrees for 7 days and then at 30 degrees c for 10 days and at 22 degrees for 17 days aft ...	1993	8475022
spinal cord degeneration in adult dairy cows associated with the feeding of sorghum beer residues.	a neurological syndrome in a herd of friesland cows (n = 100) on a diet including sorghum beer residues is described. over a period of 8 months, 76 cows developed weakness of the hindquarters, progressively worsening ataxia and, eventually, paralysis and permanent recumbency. the course of the disease varied from 2 to 8 weeks. the lesions were significant in the 2 cows necropsied and included extensive, bilaterally symmetrical dilation of myelin sheaths, axonal swelling and loss with wallerian d ...	1994	7602575
[complex isolation of intra- and extracellular rnases from aspergillus clavatus].	a scheme for isolating guanyl-specific and -nonspecific intracellular and extracellular rnases from the fungus aspergillus clavatus cultivated in a fermenter has been developed. the scheme involves chromatography on deae and cm-celluloses, qae sephadex a-50 gel filtration on sephadex g-75 and ultragel a-44, and crystallization. using the scheme, four electrophoretically homogeneous enzymes have been purified, two of them being crystalline guanyl-specific rnases and two nonspecific rnases.	1980	7220511
mutagenic and tumourigenic properties of the spores of aspergillus clavatus.	spore walls of a sputum-derived isolate of aspergillus clavatus yielded mutagen(s) when their extracts were fractionally precipitated with ethanol following alkaline hydrolysis. after spores were given by nasal inoculation to 6-8-week-old cf-1 mice, light and electron microscopy of lung sections showed that they had been readily phagocytozed by the polymorphonuclear leucocytes and alveolar macrophages mobilized during early allergic alveolitis in immunized mice. the formation of phagosomes was f ...	1982	7059453
[localization of ribonucleases in the mycelium of the fungus aspergillus clavatus].	the localization of ribonucleases in aspergillus clavatus mycelium was studied using differential centrifugation of mycelial homogenates, preparation of protoplasts, by cytochemical and immunochemical studies. the rnase activity was represented mainly by guanylic and nonspecific rnases and was not associated with the intracellular structures. the cytochemical and immunochemical observations revealed the presence of a nonspecific rnase activity in the periplasm, mitochondria, perinuclear space an ...	1983	6645992
a tremorgenic mycotoxicosis of cattle caused by maize sprouts infested with aspergillus clavatus.	an outbreak of disease affecting a herd of 16 dairy cattle which were fed mouldy, sprouted maize is described. eight of the cattle were affected, 5 of which died. the clinical signs included muscular tremors, hypersensitivity, ataxia, anorexia and salivation. aspergillus clavatus was the only fungus isolated from the sprouts. clinical signs that were indistinguishable from those in the field outbreak were reproduced by dosing the mouldy maize sprouts to a steer and a sheep, and by dosing another ...	1984	6533519
[localization of secreted ribonuclease in the cell walls of aspergillus clavatus].	the indirect technique of fluorescent antibodies was used to detect exocellular ribonuclease of aspergillus clavatus. the cell walls were shown to have regions responsible for the enzyme excretion.	1984	6379387
nickel toxicity to fungi: influence of environmental factors.	the toxicity of nickel (ni) to the mycelial growth rates of filamentous fungi was influenced by environmental abiotic factors. increasing the ph from acidic to alkaline levels completely eliminated the toxicity of ni to achyla sp. and saprolegnia sp. magnesium or zinc, but not potassium, sodium, calcium, or ferric, ions reduced the toxicity of ni to achyla sp. an antagonistic interaction between a combination of ni + pb was noted toward growth of achyla sp. and saprolegnia sp.; the interactions ...	1982	6220888
effect of zytron and its degradation products on soil microorganisms.	there was no adverse effect of zytron, o-2,4-dichlorophenyl o-methyl isopropyl phosphoramidothioate, a herbicide, upon molds, actinomycetes, and soil bacteria in field plots, or upon selected soil microorganisms in model systems. 2,4-dichlorophenol, a degradation product, was found to be toxic at levels above 10 ppm to molds, but levels this high were not found in soil from treated plots. aspergillus clavatus degraded both zytron and 2,4-dichlorophenol. sodium o-methyl isopropyl phosphoramidothi ...	1966	5970460
the mechanism of clavatol formation in aspergillus clavatus.		1966	5965130
[toxicity of aspergillus clavatus of malt germs].		1968	5692845
[experimental studies on aspergillus clavatus poisoning in cattle].		1969	5396641
[characteristics of extracellular rna-depolymerase from aspergillus clavatus].		1969	5374189
studies on polyol function in aspergillus clavatus: a role for mannitol and ribitol.		1971	5146839
a new mycotoxin produced by aspergillus clavatus.		1971	5136476
granulomatous and mycotoxic syndromes in mice due to aspergillus clavatus desm.		1971	5135089
[extracellular acid phosphomonoesterase of aspergillus clavatus].		1972	5044881
[specific inhibitor of ribonuclease in aspergillus clavatus 1816].		1972	5043495
microbial flora of pecan meat.	microorganisms found associated with commercially shelled pecan meats are numerous and varied. no bacteria and only two fungal microorganisms, aspergillus clavatus and tricothecium species, were found on aseptically shelled pecans.	1971	4938104
[properties of the intracellular ribonucleases of aspergillus clavatus].		1974	4849518
the apparent lack of radiochemical and metabolic turnover of long-chain fatty acids in the fungus aspergillus clavatus.		1973	4785891
[properties of highly purified rnaase c2 from aspergillus clavatus].		1973	4778009
[properties of highly purified rnaase c2 from aspergillus clavatus].		1973	4751245
letter: structure of cytochalasin e, a toxic metabolite of aspergillus clavatus.		1973	4733808
natural regulators of intracellular ribonuclease activity of aspergillus clavatus.		1973	4723302
the soluble carbohydrates of aspergillus clavatus.		1973	4722561
[specificity of aspergillus clavatus 1816 intracellular ribonuclease].		1972	4670466
large scale synthesis of dinucleoside monophosphates catalyzed by ribonuclease from aspergillus clavatus.		1972	4647693
[extracellular rnaase c2 from aspergillus clavatus. purification and amino acid composition].		1972	4640919
[specificity and characteristics of the effect on polyribonucleotides of rnaase c2 from aspergillus clavatus].		1972	4636167
[isolation and properties of intracellular ribonuclease from aspergillus clavatus 1816].		1972	4628511
the utilization of nitrogen sources by aspergillus clavatus.		1974	4436651
[purification of the intracellular ribonucleases of aspergillus clavatus].		1973	4363288
[specificity of the intracellular rnase ii from aspergillus clavatus].		1974	4218762
the purification and activities of an alkaline protease of aspergillus clavatus from nigerian poultry feeds.	optimal growth and extracellular protease production by aspergillus clavatus des. was recorded at 30 degrees c and between days 5 and 7 of the 8-day incubation period. purification of this enzyme was achieved by a combination of ultrafiltration, alcoholic precipitation and fractionation on deae-cellulose and sephadex-g.200. a single peak of an alkaline protease was subsequently obtained with a 9-fold increase in specific activity and a final recovery value of 26.2%. the enzyme had optimal activi ...	1986	3534215
aspergillus clavatus endocarditis involving a normal aortic valve following coronary artery surgery.	aspergillus species causing endocarditis on a native heart valve is a rare occurrence with an exceedingly high mortality. this report describes a 60-year-old man who developed aspergillus clavatus endocarditis of the aortic valve 18 months after coronary artery bypass surgery. the aortic valve was angiographically normal on cardiac catheterization performed before coronary artery surgery. despite aortic valve replacement and amphotericin b therapy, the patient died as a result of aspergillus spe ...	1986	3491407
toxigenic fungi and the deterioration of nigerian poultry feeds.	growth of toxigenic strains of aspergillus clavatus des. and aspergillus flavus link at 30 degrees c on milled poultry feeds led to a considerable decrease in the protein, oil and crude fibre contents of the feed substrate. a corresponding increase in the free fatty acid fractions of the feeds due to the activities of these microbes was also recorded. rapid degradation of the feedstuff by both species was recorded at a temperature of 25 degrees c and 30 degrees c and a ph range of 4.8-6.4. when ...	1987	3122047
[stepwise synthesis of oligonucleotides. xxxiv. preparative synthesis of trinucleoside diphosphates and longer oligoribonucleotides using immobilized ribonucleases].	immobilized guanyl-specific ribonucleases from aspergillus clavatus (c2), a. oryzae (t1), and bacillus intermedius 7p (bi) have been used for preparative synthesis of ten trinucleoside diphosphates, three tetra- and one pentanucleotide having the only guanylic acid residue at the 5'-end. the nucleotide sequence of the oligonucleotide synthesised determined the choice of the ribonuclease.	1987	3118885
determination of localization of ribonuclease in aspergillus clavatus.	indirect fluorescent antibody method was used to demonstrate the localization of a. clavatus ribonuclease in apical cell ends. using protoplasts, ribonuclease was found to be present mainly in the periplasmic space.	1988	3060415
a fodder mycotoxicosis of ruminants caused by contamination of a distillery by-product with aspergillus clavatus.	cattle and sheep, grazed successively on the same pasture and given the same supplementary feeding, developed ataxia and several animals became recumbent. three cattle died within two weeks and the worst affected sheep were killed for laboratory examination. the supplementary diet which consisted largely of a distillery by-product, malt culms, was submitted for mycological examination and fed to two housed lambs. aspergillus clavatus was cultured from the culms, and both the affected sheep and t ...	1989	2929087
polysaccharide degrading enzymes of a toxigenic strain of aspergillus clavatus from nigerian poultry feeds.	the factors responsible for the production and activities of polysaccharide degrading enzymes of a toxigenic strain of aspergillus clavatus (asc - ib 202) on an oat meal chaff (omc) medium were studied. the enzymes assayed for were amylases, cm-cellulases, filter paper (fp)-cellulases, xylanases and dextranases. amylase production by a. clavatus (asc - ib 202) reached a peak within 48 h of incubation at 30 degrees c while optimal production of cm-cellulases occurred on day 6. the fp-cellulase an ...	1987	2449615
[a toxicological evaluation of micromycetes isolated from salmon roe].	three species of micromycetes (aspergillus clavatus desm., cladosporium herbarum (pers) lk., penicillium canescens sopp.) isolated from the cultivated salmon spawn have been studied for their toxigenic properties and pathogenicity for warm-blooded animals. ld50 are determined for mice perorally administered mycelium suspension of the first two species; the third of the studied species proved to be nontoxicogenic. the possible pathogenic action of mycotoxins on fish spawn in aquarium is discussed ...	1990	2198440
aspergillus clavatus as the probable cause of a lethal mass neurotoxicosis in sheep.	sprouted barley grains, the waste product of malt extract production, were incriminated as the cause of a lethal (96% mortality) neurotoxic syndrome in sheep fed the grains. clinical manifestations, comprising tremors, lameness, abnormal gait, paralysis and death indicated a tremorgenic mycotoxicosis. whilst 50% of the flock died within 17 days, mortality continued over more than 5 months. pathological findings were limited to neuronal degeneration and necrosis in the midbrain. germinating grain ...	1991	1857399
immobilization of aspergillus clavatus in a membrane bioreactor.	the possibility of the immobilization of a. clavatus in a membrane bioreactor which contains the nuclear membrane is investigated. the immobilization of cells in this bioreactor permits to increase the time of the productive functioning of the cells and avoids the procedure of a biomass separation from the cultural liquid.	1991	1841853
biosynthesis of glyantrypine by aspergillus clavatus.	the biosynthesis of glyantrypine from radiolabelled amino acid precursors has been shown experimentally to involve anthranilic acid, tryptophan and glycine. low values for percentage incorporation of radiolabel into glyantrypine were partly influenced by a complex array of other novel alkaloids shown by the radiolabelling experiments to be related to glyantrypine. interpretation of radiolabel incorporation from [14c-carboxyl]-anthranilic acid into microbial metabolites seen to contain an anthran ...	1992	1624120
batch and continuous ribonuclease production by immobilized aspergillus clavatus cells in a bubble-column bioreactor.	ribonuclease production using immobilized cells (ic) of aspergillus clavatus has been studied under batch, repeated-batch and continuous fermentation conditions in a bubble-column bioreactor and compared with production by free cells. immobilization was achieved by the method of cryostructurization in polyvinyl alcohol beads. the effect of various aeration rates in a column bioreactor has been investigated. enzyme production by ic [42,000 units (u).1(-1)] during batch fermentations was comparabl ...	1992	1368500
[substrate specificity of aspergillus clavatus intracellular acid rnaase].	substrate specificity of intracellular acid rnase from aspergillus clavatus, has been studied using different rnas, synthetic polynucleotides and diribonucleoside monophosphates as substrates. the enzyme was shown to be a rnase, non-specific to the chemical nature of bases adjacent to the disrupted phosphodiesther bonds in the molecules of rna. it has been demonstrated that the order of nucleotide release from rna coincides with the order of weakening of the enzyme binding to substrates xpy, dep ...	1976	1276281
extrinsic allergic alveolitis in scottish maltworkers.	in a survey of respiratory disease in the scottish malting industry 5.2% of employees were found to have symptoms of extrinsic allergic alveolitis. in most cases the disease was mild and not associated with any serious respiratory disability. it was significantly less common where modern mechanical methods of malting were used. mycological and serological studies suggested that it was usually caused by a type 3 allergic reaction to aspergillus clavatus.	1976	1252813
[toxinogenic moulds of silage. iv. - patulin production in liquid medium using fungus species isolated in silages (author's transl)].	the toxinogenesis of 18 strains of byssochlamys nivea, 4 of byssochlamys fulva, 7 of paecilomyces varioti, 2 of aspergillus clavatus, i of aspergillus terreus, and i of penicillium urticae, isolated in ensilaged forages, is tested at 26 degrees c in czapek's enriched liquid medium (8 p. 1000 glucose + 2 p. 1000 yeast extract). 100 p. 100 of byssochlamys nivea strains, 75 p. 100 of byssochlamys fulva and 12 p. 100 of paecilomyces varioti strains produce patulin after 9 days of culture. mycotoxin ...	1975	1232908
[isolation and some properties of a nonspecific extracellular ribonuclease of aspergillus clavatus].	rnase has been isolated from the homogenate of the aspergillus clavatus mycelium by gel filtration through sephadex g-75, chromatography on cm-cellulose and deae-cellulose. by gel filtration and electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel the preparation has been shown to be homogeneous. the enzyme is acid protein with the isoelectric point at ph 4.4 and molecular weight of 27,000. rnase has ph optimum at 6.0--6.2 and temperature optimum 60 degrees for rna action. the enzyme splits rna completely in t ...	1975	1187571
letter: tryptoquivaline and tryptoquivalone, two tremorgenic metabolites of aspergillus clavatus.		1975	1133368
a highly fatal tremorgenic mycotoxicosis of cattle caused by aspergillus clavatus.	during february 1975, a tremorgenic neurotoxicosis decimated a herd of cattle in the northern transvaal. this hitherto unidentified disease was characterized by hypersensitivity, incoordination, a peculiar stiff-legged gait of the hind legs, severe generalized tumors of the sketetal muscles, progressive paresis, paralysis and constipation. the most notable gross pathological lesions were degenerative and necrotic changes in certain skeletal muscles, haemorrhages on the serosal surfaces, especial ...	1976	1012654
[inhibition of aspergillus clavatus intracellular rna-ase by nucleotides and the components comprising them].	the constants of inhibition by the nucleotides and constituting components catalysed by intracellular "acid" (phopt 4.7), non-specific rnase from asp. clavatus (ec 3.1.4.23) were determined.. all the nucleotides were found to be competitive inhibitors. the influence of composition and structure of the nucleotides on their interaction with the active site of rnase is discussed.	1976	958225
improved procedure for production of cytochalasin e and tremorgenic mycotoxins by aspergillus clavatus.	this report describes an improved procedure for production of cytochalasin e and tremorgens by solid substrate, agitated fermentation of aspergillus clavatus on pearled barley.	1976	942203
four new mycotoxins of aspergillus clavatus related to tryptoquivaline.		1977	830860
the occurrence and nature of alveolitis-inducing substances in aspergillus clavatus.	five groups of antigens were identified in culture filtrates and extracts from spores and mycelia of aspergillus clavatus fractionated by gel filtration, affinity chromatography, electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels and chemical analysis. some particulate and soluble fractions given by nasal inoculation provoked murine allergic alveolitis in non-sensitized and sensitized precipitin-negative, and sensitized, precipitin-positive, animals. alveolitis-inducing substances appeared to be glycoprotei ...	1978	668202
wild rice as fermentation substrate for mycotoxin production.	many cereal grains have been studied for their suitability as substrates for the fermentative production of mycotoxins. however, except for aflatoxin, wild rice has not been investigated. hence, five mold cultures known to produce the mycotoxins ochratoxin-a, penicillic acid, patulin, vomitoxin, and zearalenone were grown on wild rice under varying conditions of moisture and temperature to determine whether this grain would serve as a suitable substrate for toxin production. under appropriate fe ...	1978	623456
fungal antigens as a source of sensitization and respiratory disease in scottish maltworkers.	mycological and serological studies were carried out as part of a survey of respiratory disease in scottish maltworkers. 70% of stained sputum smears from 574 workers showed the presence of higher plant cells and/or myclelia, and the spores of common environmental fungi. penicillium spp. (90%), rhizopus stolonifer (48%) and yeasts (53%) were the dominant fungi in 699 sputum cultures, and showed a similar proportional distribution in 327 samples of grain, malt, culms and dusts from fifty-six malt ...	1977	589785
[newer veterinary neuropathological conditions in south africa (author's transl)].	a brief review is given of some of the more recent findings on lesions of diseases affecting the central nervous system of animals. these include local diseases caused by poisonous plants; helichrysum argyrosphaerum, solanum kwebense, matricaria nigellaefolia; infectious diseases e.g. heartwater, cerebral babesiosis and cranial abscesses in goats caused by corynebacterium pyogenes. reference is also made to some conditions, originally described in overseas countries and which subsequently have b ...	1977	327065
interaction of intracellular rnaase from aspergillus clavatus with derivatives of its substrates.	using spectrophotometric and kinetic methods and also the methods of protection of aspergillus clavatus rnase (ec 3.1.4.23) by adenine nucleotides and their components against inactivation by means of acylation or heating, it was found that rnase-nucleotide complex was formed by association of one enzyme molecule with one nucleotide molecule. it was also shown that all components of nucleotides (base, ribose and phosphate) take part in the formation of such complex and the removal of one of them ...	1978	26429
activation parameters for the cleavage reaction of cytidine-2',3'-monophosphate catalyzed by penicillium brevicompactum and aspergillus clavatus rnases.	on the basis of coincidence of all activation parameters (e, deltah, deltaf and deltas*) for the reaction of cleavage of cytidine-2';3'-monophosphate catalyzed by "acid" (ph-optimum 4.7) nonspecific rnases from aspergillus clavatus and penicillium brevicompactum (ec 3. 1. 4. 23) it has been proposed that the mechanism of action on this reaction stage (hydrolysis) for both enzymes is equal.	1978	23869
enzyme composition of the lysosomes of aspergillus clavatus.		1977	18654