Publications

profiling fruit volatiles in the progeny of a 'royal gala' x 'granny smith' apple (malus x domestica) cross.	volatile flavor compounds from the fruit of the progeny of two apple (malus x domestica) cultivars with distinctive flavor and volatile profiles, 'royal gala' and 'granny smith', were measured by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry over two fruiting seasons. principal component analysis separated the volatile profiles into two groups according to the amounts produced of butyl, 2-methybutyl, pentyl, and hexyl acetates and of ethyl butanoate, butanol, 2-methylbutanol, and hexanol. fruit ...	2009	19691320
gene silencing to investigate the roles of receptor-like proteins in arabidopsis.	receptor-like proteins (rlps) are cell surface receptors that play important roles in various processes. in several plant species rlps have been found to play a role in disease resistance, including the tomato cf and ve proteins and the apple hcrvf proteins that mediate resistance against the fungal pathogens cladosporium fulvum, verticillium spp., and venturia inaequalis, respectively. the arabidopsis genome contains 57 atrlp genes. two of these, clv2 (atrlp10) and tmm (atrlp17), have well-char ...	2008	19704533
terpene-mediated parasitoid host location behavior on transgenic and classically bred apple genotypes.	terpene-mediated interactions between transgenic or classically bred apple genotypes and associated insects were investigated. apple genotypes were either resistant or susceptible to venturia inaequalis that causes apple scab. they were subjected to infestation by phyllonorycter leafminers and/or inoculation with v. inaequalis. apple leaf extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to quantify squalene, a triterpene known to mediate host location by pholetesor parasitoids that ...	2009	19722568
transgenic apple plants overexpressing the lc gene of maize show an altered growth habit and increased resistance to apple scab and fire blight.	transgenic apple plants (malus x domestica cv. 'holsteiner cox') overexpressing the leaf colour (lc) gene from maize (zea mays) exhibit strongly increased production of anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols (catechins, proanthocyanidins). greenhouse plants investigated in this study exhibit altered phenotypes with regard to growth habit and resistance traits. lc-transgenic plants show reduced size, transversal gravitropism of lateral shoots, reduced trichome development, and frequently reduced shoot dia ...	2010	19967387
host-specific differentiation among populations of venturia inaequalis causing scab on apple, pyracantha and loquat.	patterns of multilocus dna sequence variation within and between closely related taxa can provide insights into the history of divergence. here, we report on dna polymorphism and divergence at six nuclear loci in globally distributed samples of the ascomycete venturia inaequalis, responsible for scab on apple, loquat, and pyracantha. isolates from different hosts were differentiated but did not form diagnosable distinct phylogenetic species. parameters of an isolation-with-migration model estima ...	2010	20060485
evolution of the population structure of venturia inaequalis, the apple scab fungus, associated with the domestication of its host.	evaluating the impact of plant domestication on the population structure of the associated pathogens provides an opportunity to increase our understanding of how and why diseases emerge. here, we investigated the evolution of the population structure of the apple scab fungus venturia inaequalis in response to the domestication of its host. inferences were drawn from multilocus microsatellite data obtained from samples collected on (i) the central asian malus sieversii, the main progenitor of app ...	2010	20088887
the venturia apple pathosystem: pathogenicity mechanisms and plant defense responses.	venturia inaequalis is the causal agent of apple scab, a devastating disease of apple. we outline several unique features of this pathogen which are useful for molecular genetics studies intended to understand plant-pathogen interactions. the pathogenicity mechanisms of the pathogen and overview of apple defense responses, monogenic and polygenic resistance, and their utilization in scab resistance breeding programs are also reviewed.	2010	20150969
monitoring and occurrence of new races of venturia inaequalis on apple in belgium.	since 1999, inside the framework of the european research project--fair5 ct97--3898 'durable apple resistance in europe'--a monitoring of scab infection on leaves on 25 apple cuttivars (cvs)--including 10 differential hosts for scab races and european old cvs with partial scab resistance--was carried on trees in an unsprayed scab trap orchard planted at gembloux, belgium. the occurrence of scab races was determined by the use of a global assessment scale from 1 (no symptom) to 9 (maximum suscept ...	2009	20222544
a simple and rapid method for selecting high producers of recombinant proteins in individual clones of p. pastoris.	the identification of clones expressing high levels of recombinant protein in pichia pastoris is usually dependant upon sds-page, western blotting, or bioactivity-based assays that are labour and time-consuming. we describe a rapid method that images green fluorescence protein (gfp) of individual p. pastoris clones transformed with vectors that express the proteins as gfp c- terminal fusion. in this report we have used the system to monitor expression of three proteins from venturia inaequalis. ...	2010	20236060
the effect of plant extracts on the germination of the conidia of venturia inaequalis.		1947	20247596
the rvi15 (vr2) apple scab resistance locus contains three tir-nbs-lrr genes.	scab caused by the pathogen venturia inaequalis is considered the most important fungal disease of cultivated apple (malus x domestica borkh.). in all, 16 monogenic resistances against scab have been found in different malus spp. and some of them are currently used in apple breeding for scab-resistant cultivars. however, the self incompatibility and the long generation time of malus spp. together with the high standards of fruit quality demanded from the fresh market render the breeding of high- ...	2010	20367469
genetic mapping of 14 avirulence genes in an eu-b04 × 1639 progeny of venturia inaequalis.	durable resistance to apple scab (venturia inaequalis (cke) wint; anamorph spilocaea pomi fries) is one of the major goals of apple (malus) breeding programs. since current scab resistance breeding is heavily reliant on genes with gene-for-gene relationships, a good understanding of the genetic basis of host-pathogen interactions needs to be developed for this strategy to be successful. while the genomic organization of apple scab resistance genes has been studied extensively, little is known ab ...	2011	20837155
hydrodynamics of raindrop impact stimulate ascospore discharge of venturia inaequalis.	ascospores of venturia inaequalis are released from leaves following the impact of raindrops during rain events. atmospheric humidity or moisture from dew does not have an inductive effect on ascospore release. the hydrodynamics of raindrop impact on leaf surfaces was investigated. raindrops induced dampened periodic vibrations on leaf surfaces. vibrations, linear, and/or oscillatory flows of water applied to the leaves all induced spore releases at low energy thresholds. the fungal perceptibili ...	2010	20943141
differential effect of elicitors on biphenyl and dibenzofuran formation in sorbus aucuparia cell cultures.	the rosaceous subtribe pyrinae (formerly subfamily maloideae) is well-known for its economically important fruit trees, such as apple and pear, and also includes sorbus aucuparia. elicitor-treated s. aucuparia cell cultures are used to study the biosynthesis of the pyrinae-specific phytoalexins, biphenyls and dibenzofurans. three biphenyls (aucuparin, noraucuparin, 2'-hydroxyaucuparin) and a dibenzofuran (eriobofuran) were isolated and structure elucidated using gc-ms and nmr. a second dibenzofu ...	2010	20961041
genome-wide snp identification by high-throughput sequencing and selective mapping allows sequence assembly positioning using a framework genetic linkage map.	determining the position and order of contigs and scaffolds from a genome assembly within an organism's genome remains a technical challenge in a majority of sequencing projects. in order to exploit contemporary technologies for dna sequencing, we developed a strategy for whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism sequencing allowing the positioning of sequence contigs onto a linkage map using the bin mapping method.	2010	21192788
venturia inaequalis: the causal agent of apple scab.	the fungus venturia inaequalis infects members of the maloideae, and causes the disease apple scab, the most important disease of apple worldwide. the early elucidation of the gene-for-gene relationship between v. inaequalis and its host malus has intrigued plant pathologists ever since, with the identification of 17 resistance (r)-avirulence (avr) gene pairings. the avr gene products are presumably a subset of the total effector arsenal of v. inaequalis (predominantly proteins secreted in plant ...	2010	21199562
sensitivity to strobilurin fungicides of italian venturia inaequalis populations with different origin and scab control.	venturia inaequalis (cooke) winter with reduced sensitivity to strobilurins has been reported in several countries, including italy. this study aimed to characterise the sensitivity to strobilurins of three different types of v. inaequalis population: (a) wild types; (b) from commercial orchards satisfactorily managed with strobilurins; (c) from an experimental orchard with control failures by trifloxystrobin and kresoxim-methyl. in vitro sensitivity tests included antigerminative activity on po ...	2011	21254326
revision of the nomenclature of the differential host-pathogen interactions of venturia inaequalis and malus.	the apple scab (venturia inaequalis-malus) pathosystem was one of the first systems for which flor's concept of gene-for-gene (gfg) relationships between the host plant and the pathogen was demonstrated. there is a rich resource of host resistance genes present in malus germplasm that could potentially be marshalled to confer durable resistance against this most important apple disease. a comprehensive understanding of the host-pathogen interactions occurring in this pathosystem is a prerequisit ...	2010	21599495
emergence of novel fungal pathogens by ecological speciation: importance of the reduced viability of immigrants.	expanding global trade and the domestication of ecosystems have greatly accelerated the rate of emerging infectious fungal diseases, and host-shift speciation appears to be a major route for disease emergence. there is therefore an increased interest in identifying the factors that drive the evolution of reproductive isolation between populations adapting to different hosts. here, we used genetic markers and cross-inoculations to assess the level of gene flow and investigate barriers responsible ...	2011	21967446
orchard factors associated with resistance and cross resistance to sterol demethylation inhibitor fungicides in populations of venturia inaequalis from pennsylvania.	orchard management practices, such as destruction of overwintered inoculum and limiting the number of fungicide applications, are often recommended as tactics for slowing the development of resistance to sterol demethylation inhibitor (dmi) fungicides in populations of venturia inaequalis. however, there is little quantitative evidence relating the use of such practices to levels of resistance in orchards. the aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of v. inaequalis isolates from penns ...	2011	22007614
differential selection pressures exerted by host resistance quantitative trait loci on a pathogen population: a case study in an apple × venturia inaequalis pathosystem.	understanding how pathogens evolve according to pressures exerted by their plant hosts is essential for the derivation of strategies aimed at the durable management of resistant cultivars. the spectrum of action of the resistance factors in the partially resistant cultivars is thought to be an important determinant of resistance durability. however, it has not yet been demonstrated whether the pressures exerted by quantitative resistance are different according to their spectrum of action. to in ...	2012	23278324