| monitoring and occurrence of new races of venturia inaequalis on apple in belgium. | since 1999, inside the framework of the european research project--fair5 ct97--3898 'durable apple resistance in europe'--a monitoring of scab infection on leaves on 25 apple cuttivars (cvs)--including 10 differential hosts for scab races and european old cvs with partial scab resistance--was carried on trees in an unsprayed scab trap orchard planted at gembloux, belgium. the occurrence of scab races was determined by the use of a global assessment scale from 1 (no symptom) to 9 (maximum suscept ... | 2009 | 20222544 |
| a simple and rapid method for selecting high producers of recombinant proteins in individual clones of p. pastoris. | the identification of clones expressing high levels of recombinant protein in pichia pastoris is usually dependant upon sds-page, western blotting, or bioactivity-based assays that are labour and time-consuming. we describe a rapid method that images green fluorescence protein (gfp) of individual p. pastoris clones transformed with vectors that express the proteins as gfp c- terminal fusion. in this report we have used the system to monitor expression of three proteins from venturia inaequalis. ... | 2010 | 20236060 |
| germinability of venturia inaequalis conidia exposed to sunlight. | abstract detached conidia of venturia inaequalis were exposed simultaneously outdoors to direct sunlight or in an adjacent ventilated enclosure in darkness for periods ranging from 0.5 to 16.5 h. in addition, conidia were either exposed or not exposed to uv light (254 nm) from 1 to 64 min in the laboratory. after exposure, conidia were placed on water agar in closed petri dishes and allowed 24 h to germinate. germinability of conidia in the laboratory was reduced up to 95% by doses of uv(254) of ... | 1997 | 18945081 |
| [the antibiotic effect of bacteria and fungi on the growth of venturia inaequalis (cke.) wint. in vitro]. | | 1969 | 5199503 |
| candidate effector gene identification in the ascomycete fungal phytopathogen venturia inaequalis by expressed sequence tag analysis. | the hemi-biotrophic fungus venturia inaequalis infects members of the maloideae, causing the economically important apple disease, scab. the plant-pathogen interaction of malus and v. inaequalis follows the gene-for-gene model. cdna libraries were constructed, and bioinformatic analysis of the resulting expressed sequence tags (ests) was used to characterize potential effector genes. effectors are small proteins, secreted in planta, that are assumed to facilitate infection. therefore, a cdna lib ... | 2009 | 19400844 |
| a genetic linkage map of venturia inaequalis, the causal agent of apple scab. | venturia inaequalis is an economically-important disease of apple causing annual epidemics of scab worldwide. the pathogen is a heterothallic ascomycete with an annual cycle of sexual reproduction on infected apple leaf litter, followed by several cycles of asexual reproduction during the apple growing season. current disease control is achieved mainly through scheduled applications of fungicides. genetic linkage maps are essential for studying genome structure and organisation, and are a valuab ... | 2009 | 19689797 |
| profiling fruit volatiles in the progeny of a 'royal gala' x 'granny smith' apple (malus x domestica) cross. | volatile flavor compounds from the fruit of the progeny of two apple (malus x domestica) cultivars with distinctive flavor and volatile profiles, 'royal gala' and 'granny smith', were measured by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry over two fruiting seasons. principal component analysis separated the volatile profiles into two groups according to the amounts produced of butyl, 2-methybutyl, pentyl, and hexyl acetates and of ethyl butanoate, butanol, 2-methylbutanol, and hexanol. fruit ... | 2009 | 19691320 |
| differential selection pressures exerted by host resistance quantitative trait loci on a pathogen population: a case study in an apple × venturia inaequalis pathosystem. | understanding how pathogens evolve according to pressures exerted by their plant hosts is essential for the derivation of strategies aimed at the durable management of resistant cultivars. the spectrum of action of the resistance factors in the partially resistant cultivars is thought to be an important determinant of resistance durability. however, it has not yet been demonstrated whether the pressures exerted by quantitative resistance are different according to their spectrum of action. to in ... | 2012 | 23278324 |
| venturia inaequalis (cke.) wint.; further studies on the inheritance of pathogenicity. | | 1948 | 18884233 |
| hydrodynamics of raindrop impact stimulate ascospore discharge of venturia inaequalis. | ascospores of venturia inaequalis are released from leaves following the impact of raindrops during rain events. atmospheric humidity or moisture from dew does not have an inductive effect on ascospore release. the hydrodynamics of raindrop impact on leaf surfaces was investigated. raindrops induced dampened periodic vibrations on leaf surfaces. vibrations, linear, and/or oscillatory flows of water applied to the leaves all induced spore releases at low energy thresholds. the fungal perceptibili ... | 2010 | 20943141 |
| gene silencing to investigate the roles of receptor-like proteins in arabidopsis. | receptor-like proteins (rlps) are cell surface receptors that play important roles in various processes. in several plant species rlps have been found to play a role in disease resistance, including the tomato cf and ve proteins and the apple hcrvf proteins that mediate resistance against the fungal pathogens cladosporium fulvum, verticillium spp., and venturia inaequalis, respectively. the arabidopsis genome contains 57 atrlp genes. two of these, clv2 (atrlp10) and tmm (atrlp17), have well-char ... | 2008 | 19704533 |
| differential effect of elicitors on biphenyl and dibenzofuran formation in sorbus aucuparia cell cultures. | the rosaceous subtribe pyrinae (formerly subfamily maloideae) is well-known for its economically important fruit trees, such as apple and pear, and also includes sorbus aucuparia. elicitor-treated s. aucuparia cell cultures are used to study the biosynthesis of the pyrinae-specific phytoalexins, biphenyls and dibenzofurans. three biphenyls (aucuparin, noraucuparin, 2'-hydroxyaucuparin) and a dibenzofuran (eriobofuran) were isolated and structure elucidated using gc-ms and nmr. a second dibenzofu ... | 2010 | 20961041 |
| genome-wide snp identification by high-throughput sequencing and selective mapping allows sequence assembly positioning using a framework genetic linkage map. | determining the position and order of contigs and scaffolds from a genome assembly within an organism's genome remains a technical challenge in a majority of sequencing projects. in order to exploit contemporary technologies for dna sequencing, we developed a strategy for whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism sequencing allowing the positioning of sequence contigs onto a linkage map using the bin mapping method. | 2010 | 21192788 |
| venturia inaequalis: the causal agent of apple scab. | the fungus venturia inaequalis infects members of the maloideae, and causes the disease apple scab, the most important disease of apple worldwide. the early elucidation of the gene-for-gene relationship between v. inaequalis and its host malus has intrigued plant pathologists ever since, with the identification of 17 resistance (r)-avirulence (avr) gene pairings. the avr gene products are presumably a subset of the total effector arsenal of v. inaequalis (predominantly proteins secreted in plant ... | 2010 | 21199562 |
| sensitivity to strobilurin fungicides of italian venturia inaequalis populations with different origin and scab control. | venturia inaequalis (cooke) winter with reduced sensitivity to strobilurins has been reported in several countries, including italy. this study aimed to characterise the sensitivity to strobilurins of three different types of v. inaequalis population: (a) wild types; (b) from commercial orchards satisfactorily managed with strobilurins; (c) from an experimental orchard with control failures by trifloxystrobin and kresoxim-methyl. in vitro sensitivity tests included antigerminative activity on po ... | 2011 | 21254326 |
| revision of the nomenclature of the differential host-pathogen interactions of venturia inaequalis and malus. | the apple scab (venturia inaequalis-malus) pathosystem was one of the first systems for which flor's concept of gene-for-gene (gfg) relationships between the host plant and the pathogen was demonstrated. there is a rich resource of host resistance genes present in malus germplasm that could potentially be marshalled to confer durable resistance against this most important apple disease. a comprehensive understanding of the host-pathogen interactions occurring in this pathosystem is a prerequisit ... | 2010 | 21599495 |
| orchard factors associated with resistance and cross resistance to sterol demethylation inhibitor fungicides in populations of venturia inaequalis from pennsylvania. | orchard management practices, such as destruction of overwintered inoculum and limiting the number of fungicide applications, are often recommended as tactics for slowing the development of resistance to sterol demethylation inhibitor (dmi) fungicides in populations of venturia inaequalis. however, there is little quantitative evidence relating the use of such practices to levels of resistance in orchards. the aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of v. inaequalis isolates from penns ... | 2011 | 22007614 |
| venturia inaequalis (cke.) wint.; the influence of carbon and nitrogen sources and vitamins on growth in vitro. | | 1948 | 18884234 |
| the effect of plant extracts on the germination of the conidia of venturia inaequalis. | | 1947 | 20247596 |
| genetic mapping of 14 avirulence genes in an eu-b04 × 1639 progeny of venturia inaequalis. | durable resistance to apple scab (venturia inaequalis (cke) wint; anamorph spilocaea pomi fries) is one of the major goals of apple (malus) breeding programs. since current scab resistance breeding is heavily reliant on genes with gene-for-gene relationships, a good understanding of the genetic basis of host-pathogen interactions needs to be developed for this strategy to be successful. while the genomic organization of apple scab resistance genes has been studied extensively, little is known ab ... | 2011 | 20837155 |
| emergence of novel fungal pathogens by ecological speciation: importance of the reduced viability of immigrants. | expanding global trade and the domestication of ecosystems have greatly accelerated the rate of emerging infectious fungal diseases, and host-shift speciation appears to be a major route for disease emergence. there is therefore an increased interest in identifying the factors that drive the evolution of reproductive isolation between populations adapting to different hosts. here, we used genetic markers and cross-inoculations to assess the level of gene flow and investigate barriers responsible ... | 2011 | 21967446 |