| effects of photoperiod and temperature on growth and flowering of kentucky bluegrass. | | 1949 | 16654204 |
| the standardization of poa annua as an indicator of smog concentrations. i. effects of temperature, photoperiod, and light intensity during growth of the test-plants. | | 1957 | 16655051 |
| opposing actions of light in seed germination of poa pratensis and amaranthus arenicola. | action spectra were measured for suppression of germination of poa pratensis l. and amaranthus arenicola i. m. johnston seed under prolonged or continuous irradiation. the action maxima for both types of seeds are near 720 nm. the maxima are unchanged in position or magnitude in the presence of radiation in the region of 600 to 670 nm adequate to maintain phytochrome predominantly in the far-red-absorbing form. a reversible potentiation of germination to change in form of phytochrome was observe ... | 1968 | 16657003 |
| the requirement for sodium as a micronutrient by species having the c(4) dicarboxylic photosynthetic pathway. | six species having characteristics of plants with the c(4) dicarboxylic photosynthetic pathway, echinochloa utilis l. ohwi et yabuno (japanese millet), cynodon dactylon l. (bermuda grass), kyllinga brevifolia rottb., amaranthus tricolor l. cv. early splendour, kochia childsii hort., and portulaca grandiflora hook (rose moss), responded decisively to 0.1 milliequivalent per liter nacl supplied to their culture solutions initially containing less than 0.08 microequivalent per liter na. chlorosis a ... | 1972 | 16658050 |
| photomorphogenically defined light and resistance of poa pratensis to drechslera sorokiniana. | photomorphogenic light definitions were derived by mathematical determination of the estimated phytochrome photoequilibrium for each light treatment spectrum. a wide range of photomorphogenic light treatments represented by spectra with estimated phytochrome photoequilibria of 0.45, 0.54, 0.60, 0.67, and 0.71 was utilized to determine the influence of photomorphogenically defined light on resistance of poa pratensis l. to pathogenesis by drechslera sorokiniana. accurate resolution of d. sorokini ... | 1980 | 16661239 |
| ethylene-induced chlorosis in the pathogenesis of bipolaris sorokiniana leaf spot of poa pratensis. | endogenous ethylene of poa pratensis leaves infected by bipolaris sorokiniana was evaluated as a factor in leaf chlorosis during pathogenesis. detectable increases in endogenous ethylene of leaves of intact plants under normal ambient pressure occurred 12 hours after inoculation and was maximum at 48 hours; from 48 to 96 hours the ethylene progressively decreased. necrotic lesions surrounded by chlorotic halos occurred on infected leaves between 24 and 48 hours. midvein chlorosis interconnecting ... | 1984 | 16663644 |
| intake and performance of lactating cows grazing diverse forage mixtures. | twenty multiparous holstein cows in midlactation grazed pastures of 4 forage mixtures in a 12-wk study repeated during 2 grazing seasons to determine if forage mixture complexity affected intake and productivity of lactating dairy cows. the forage mixtures were 1) orchardgrass plus white clover [2 species (sp)]; 2) orchardgrass, white clover, and chicory (3sp); 3) orchardgrass, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, red clover, birdsfoot trefoil, and chicory (6sp); and 4) 6sp mixture plus white clover ... | 2006 | 16702282 |
| sex differences and the development of the rabbit brain: effects of vinclozolin. | the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (poa/ah) is one of the most sexually dimorphic areas of the vertebrate brain and plays a pivotal role in regulating male sexual behavior. vinclozolin is a fungicide thought to be an environmental antiandrogen, which disrupts masculine sexual behavior when administered to rabbits during development. in this study, we examined several characteristics of the rabbit poa/ah for sexual dimorphism and endocrine disruption by vinclozolin. pregnant rabbits were dos ... | 2006 | 16738224 |
| cardiac baroreflex facilitation evoked by hypothalamus and prefrontal cortex stimulation: role of the nucleus tractus solitarius 5-ht2a receptors. | we previously showed that serotonin (5-ht2) receptor activation in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (nts) produced hypotension, bradycardia, and facilitation of the baroreflex bradycardia. activation of the preoptic area (poa) of the hypothalamus, which is involved in shock-evoked passive behaviors, induces similar modifications. in addition, previous studies showed that blockade of the infralimbic (il) part of the medial prefrontal cortex, which sends projections to poa, produced an inhibi ... | 2006 | 16763082 |
| patterns of fos-like immunoreactivity in the brains of parent ring doves (streptopelia risoria) given tactile and nontactile exposure to their young. | neuronal activation was examined by fos immunohistochemistry in ring doves (streptopelia risoria) reunited with their young after overnight separation. in an initial study, squab-exposed parents showed more fos immunoreactivity (ir) in the preoptic area (poa) and lateral hypothalamus (lh) than squab-deprived parents. in a 2nd study, parents allowed free access to young and those separated from young by a wire mesh partition showed more fos-ir in the poa, lh, and lateral septum than box-exposed c ... | 2006 | 16768617 |
| development of controlled release formulations of carbofuran and evaluation of their efficacy against meloidogyne incognita. | controlled release (cr) formulations of the insecti-nematicide carbofuran have been prepared using commercially available rosin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose with clay (bentonite, kaolinite, and fuller's earth). the kinetics of carbofuran release in soil from the different formulations were studied in comparison with that of the commercially available granules (3g). release from the commercial formulation was faster than with the new cr formulations. addition o ... | 2006 | 16787021 |
| hybridization-ligation versus parallel overlap assembly: an experimental comparison of initial pool generation for direct-proportional length-based dna computing. | previously, direct-proportional length-based dna computing (dplb-dnac) for solving weighted graph problems has been reported. the proposed dplb-dnac has been successfully applied to solve the shortest path problem, which is an instance of weighted graph problems. the design and development of dplb-dnac is important in order to extend the capability of dna computing for solving numerical optimization problem. according to dplb-dnac, after the initial pool generation, the initial solution is subje ... | 2006 | 16805106 |
| suitability of various turfgrass species and cultivars for development and survival of black cutworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), feeding bioassays were conducted on young and mature turfgrass species to determine their potential resistance. measures of resistance included larval weight, survival rate, instar development, pupal weight, duration of pupation, and days to pupation and adult emergence. black cutworm reared on poa pratensis 'midnight', poa arachnigera 'tejas', and poa pratensis x poa arachnigera 'reveille' exhibited slower development, lower we ... | 2006 | 16813321 |
| root penetration of sealing layers made of fly ash and sewage sludge. | fly ash and sewage sludge are suggested materials for constructing sealing layers covering mine tailings impoundments. little is known, however, of their effect on vegetation or resistance to root penetration. we investigate: (i) the ability of different plant species to grow in sealing layers comprising fly ash and sewage sludge, (ii) the impact on plant growth of freshly hardened fly ash compared to aged and leached ash, and (iii) the plant stress response to fly ashes of different properties. ... | 2006 | 16825445 |
| imaging of aromatase distribution in rat and rhesus monkey brains with [11c]vorozole. | aromatase is an enzyme that converts androgens to estrogens and may play a role in mood and mental status. the aim of this study was to demonstrate that brain aromatase distribution could be evaluated with a novel positron emission tomography (pet) tracer [(11)c]vorozole. vorozole is a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor that reversibly binds to the heme domain of aromatase. in vitro experiments in rat brain, using frozen section autoradiography, illustrated specific binding in the medial amygdala ... | 2006 | 16843834 |
| [allelopathy of aqueous extract from ligularia virgaurea, a dominant weed in psychro-grassland, on pasture plants]. | ligularia virgaurea is a noxious weed widely distributed in the alpine grassland of east qinghai-tibet plateau of china. this paper studied the allelopathy of its aqueous extract on the pasture plants festuca sinensis, bromus magnus, elymus nutans, poa annua, and f. ovina in the region. the mean response index (ri) values of the pasture plants were calculated, and used to quantitatively assess the allelopathic sensitivity of the receptors at three levels, i. e., growth items, development stages, ... | 2006 | 16883813 |
| flp-mediated site-specific recombination for genome modification in turfgrass. | to develop molecular strategies for gene containment in genetically modified (gm) turfgrass, we have studied the feasibility of using the flp/frt site-specific dna recombination system from yeast for controlled genome modification in turfgrass. suspension cell cultures of creeping bentgrass (agrostis stolonifera l.) and kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) were co-transformed with a flp recombinase expression vector and a recombination-reporter test plasmid containing beta-glucuronidase (gusa) gen ... | 2006 | 16912917 |
| putting education into practice for pre-operative patient assessment. | this article provides a background to current practice in pre-operative assessment (poa) and outlines a poa lead nurse role that was successfully introduced in two acute hospital trusts. the education, training and assessment programme that was developed for poa nurses is also discussed. the aim of the programme was to offer an educational framework for nurses at different levels of practice in poa. | 2006 | 16913374 |
| microbial succession of nitrate-reducing bacteria in the rhizosphere of poa alpina across a glacier foreland in the central alps. | changes in community structure and activity of the dissimilatory nitrate-reducing community were investigated across a glacier foreland in the central alps to gain insight into the successional pattern of this functional group and the driving environmental factors. bulk soil and rhizosphere soil of poa alpina was sampled in five replicates in august during the flowering stage and in september after the first snowfalls along a gradient from 25 to 129 years after deglaciation and at a reference si ... | 2006 | 16913920 |
| central efferent pathways mediating skin cooling-evoked sympathetic thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. | control of thermoregulatory effectors by the autonomic nervous system is a critical component of rapid cold-defense responses, which are triggered by thermal information from the skin. however, the central autonomic mechanism driving thermoregulatory effector responses to skin thermal signals remains to be determined. here, we examined the involvement of several autonomic brain regions in sympathetic thermogenic responses in brown adipose tissue (bat) to skin cooling in urethane-chloralose-anest ... | 2007 | 16931649 |
| fire does not alter vegetation in infertile prairie. | the paradigm in prairie ecology is that fire is one of the key factors determining vegetation composition. fire can impact grassland ecosystems in various ways, including changing plant species composition and inducing nitrogen loss. i found that 17 years of different burning frequencies in infertile grassland had only a minor impact on the vegetation composition and diversity. the only major impact from increasing the frequency of fires was a decrease of poa pratensis abundance. however, other ... | 2006 | 16941181 |
| zinc ions stimulate the cooperative rna binding of hordeiviral gammab protein. | a small regulatory gammab protein of the poa semilatent hordeivirus (pslv) contains two zinc finger-like motifs separated by a basic motif in the n-terminal part and a c-terminal coiled-coil motif. interactions of the recombinant pslv gammab protein and its mutants with various rnas (ssrna, dsrna, ssrna oligonucleotides) and ssdna were studied in gel-shift assays. the results demonstrated that zinc ions are essential for effective nucleic-acid-binding activity of the gammab protein, suggesting t ... | 2006 | 16949581 |
| a minimal region in the ntpase/helicase domain of the tgbp1 plant virus movement protein is responsible for atpase activity and cooperative rna binding. | the tgbp1 protein, encoded in the genomes of a number of plant virus genera as the first gene of the 'triple gene block', possesses an ntpase/helicase domain characterized by seven conserved sequence motifs. it has been shown that the tgbp1 ntpase/helicase domain exhibits ntpase, rna helicase and rna-binding activities. in this paper, we have analysed a series of deletion and point mutants in the tgbp1 proteins encoded by potato virus x (pvx, genus potexvirus) and poa semilatent virus (pslv, gen ... | 2006 | 16963768 |
| ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus lesions disrupt olfactory mate recognition and receptivity in female ferrets. | previous research showed that ferrets of both sexes rely on the perception of conspecifics' body odors to identify and motivate approach towards opposite-sex mating partners, and exposure to male body odors stimulated fos expression in an olfactory projection circuit of female, but not male, ferrets that terminates in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (vmh). we asked whether the female-typical preference of ferrets to approach male as opposed to female body odors in y-maze tests would be dis ... | 2007 | 17011561 |
| projections to the preoptic area from the paraventricular nucleus, arcuate nucleus and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis are unlikely to be involved in stress-induced suppression of gnrh secretion in sheep. | stress compromises reproductive function and the major physiological system activated during stress is the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. corticotrophin-releasing hormone and arginine vasopressin (avp), which are produced in neurones of the paraventricular nucleus (pvn), drive the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and are also implicated in the suppression of the reproductive axis. we used retrograde tracing and fos labelling to map the projections from the pvn to the preoptic area (poa) w ... | 2006 | 17047317 |
| volumetric changes in the transferred flap after anterior craniofacial reconstruction. | the goal of craniofacial reconstruction is not only life-saving but also facial aesthetics. from this viewpoint the authors evaluated the facial symmetry of patients after craniofacial reconstruction. the subjects were seven patients reconstructed after craniofacial resections. their ct or mr images were evaluated just after surgery, 1 month after surgery, and 6 months after surgery. based on these images, the proportion of simple area (psa) and the proportion of overlapped area (poa) were calcu ... | 2006 | 17048130 |
| breeding for disease resistance in the major cool-season turfgrasses. | over the past several decades, breeding cool-season turfgrasses for improved disease resistance has been the focus of many turfgrass breeding programs. this review article discusses the dramatic improvements made in breeding kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) for resistance to leaf spot (caused by drechslera poae), stem rust (caused by puccinia graminis), and stripe smut (caused by ustilago striiformis); perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) for resistance to gray leaf spot (caused by pyricularia ... | 2006 | 17061916 |
| changing leaf litter feedbacks on plant production across contrasting sub-arctic peatland species and growth forms. | plant species and growth forms differ widely in litter chemistry, which affects decay and may have important consequences for plant growth via e.g. the release of nutrients and growth-inhibitory compounds. we investigated the overall short-term (9.5 months) and medium-term (21.5 months) feedback effects of leaf litter quality and quantity on plant production, and tested whether growth forms can be used to generalise differences among litter species. leaf litter effects of 21 sub-arctic vascular ... | 2007 | 17089140 |
| bilateral damage to the sexually dimorphic medial preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus of male ferrets causes a female-typical preference for and a hypothalamic fos response to male body odors. | previous studies showed that bilateral lesions of the male ferret's preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (poa/ah), centered in the sexually dimorphic nuclei present in this region, caused subjects to seek out a same-sex male, as opposed to a female conspecific. male subjects with poa/ah lesions (which were also castrated and given estradiol) displayed female-typical receptive behavior in response to neck gripping by a stimulus male, implying that subjects' approaches to a same-sex conspecific wer ... | 2007 | 17118411 |
| characterization of rainbow trout egg quality: a case study using four different breeding protocols, with emphasis on the incidence of embryonic malformations. | the aim of this study was to set up a methodology to accurately evaluate the effects of various husbandry practices on a fish broodstock based on the developmental potential of the egg. for that purpose, long-short photoperiod manipulations (tested twice, pm1 and pm2 groups), spawning induction by injection of a gnrh analog (si group), and a 16-day post-ovulatory ageing of eggs (poa group) were used in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). females without any treatment were used as a control grou ... | 2007 | 17118435 |
| transient transcription of the somatostatin gene at the time of estrogen-dependent organization of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the rat preoptic area. | in situ hybridization detected a transient, sex-specific transcription of somatostatin gene in the central part of the rat medial preoptic nucleus, which coincides with the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa), during, but not after, the establishment of sex difference. on postnatal d 1 (day of birth), somatostatin mrna was detected in the sdn-poa of both sexes. on d 8 through 35, the area of somatostatin mrna-positive cells was significantly larger in males than in females. ... | 2007 | 17138650 |
| [hip paraosteoarthropathy after sciatica nerve injury by quinine intramuscular injection]. | often occurring in central nerve injuries, paraosteoarthropathic conditions are revealed by a stiffness or ankylosis of the joint. their occurring during peripheral nerve injuries is rare. | 2007 | 17141911 |
| the neuronal structure of the preoptic area in the mole and the rabbit: golgi and nissl studies. | the present studies were carried out on the brains of the adult mole and rabbit. the preparations were made by means of the golgi technique and the nissl method. two types of neurons were distinguished in the preoptic area (poa) of both species: bipolar and multipolar. the bipolar neurons have oval, fusiform or round perikarya and two dendritic trunks arising from the opposite poles of the cell body. the dendrites bifurcate once or twice. the dendritic branches have swellings, single spine-like ... | 2006 | 17171617 |
| courtship and copulation in the adult male green anole: effects of season, hormone and female contact on reproductive behavior and morphology. | interactions among reproductive season, testosterone (t) and female presence were investigated on the structure and function of forebrain and neuromuscular systems controlling courtship and copulation in the green anole lizard. under breeding (bs) or non-breeding (nbs) environmental conditions, male green anoles were implanted with either t or blank capsules and exposed to one of three female stimulus conditions: physical, visual or no female contact. t and at least visual exposure to females in ... | 2007 | 17174414 |
| the effects of gaba on embryonic gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in rat hypothalamic primary culture. | gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) neurons arise in the olfactory placode, migrate into the preoptic area (poa), and then extend axons to the median eminence during embryogenesis. little information is available concerning the properties of gnrh neurons during the late gestational period when gnrh neurons reach the poa and form neuronal networks, although many studies have examined such properties during earlier developmental stages or the postnatal period. the present study was performed to ... | 2007 | 17179652 |
| neural substrate of cold-seeking behavior in endotoxin shock. | systemic inflammation is a leading cause of hospital death. mild systemic inflammation is accompanied by warmth-seeking behavior (and fever), whereas severe inflammation is associated with cold-seeking behavior (and hypothermia). both behaviors are adaptive. which brain structures mediate which behavior is unknown. the involvement of hypothalamic structures, namely, the preoptic area (poa), paraventricular nucleus (pvh), or dorsomedial nucleus (dmh), in thermoregulatory behaviors associated with ... | 2006 | 17183631 |
| thermosensitive y-shaped micelles of poly(oleic acid-y-n-isopropylacrylamide) for drug delivery. | a novel thermosensitive amphiphilic copolymer comprised of two hydrophobic poly(oleic acid) (poa) segments and one hydrophilic poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) (pnipaam) segment was designed and synthesized. the structure of the copolymer was confirmed as y-shaped by ftir, 1h nmr, and sec-malls analysis. a cytotoxicity study shows that the p(oa-y-nipaam) copolymer exhibits good biocompatibility. the copolymer may self-assemble into micelles in water, with the hydrophobic poa segments at the cores of ... | 2006 | 17193145 |
| regulation of summer dormancy by water deficit and aba in poa bulbosa ecotypes. | survival of many herbaceous species in mediterranean habitats during the dry, hot summer depends on the induction of summer dormancy by changes in environmental conditions during the transition between the winter (growth) season to the summer (resting) season, i.e. longer days, increasing temperature and drought. in poa bulbosa, a perennial geophytic grass, summer dormancy is induced by long days, and the induction is enhanced by high temperature. here the induction of summer dormancy in a medit ... | 2007 | 17202183 |
| the effects of long-term grazing exclosures on range plants in the central anatolian region of turkey. | over the last fifty years, almost half of the steppe rangeland in the central anatolian region of turkey (car) has been converted to cropland without an equivalent reduction in grazing animals. this shift has led to heavy grazing pressure on rangeland vegetation. a study was initiated in june 2003 using 6 multiscale modified-whittaker plots to determine differences in plant composition between areas that have not been grazed in 27 years with neighboring grazed plant communities. a total of 113 p ... | 2007 | 17203339 |
| involvement of anteroventral periventricular metastin/kisspeptin neurons in estrogen positive feedback action on luteinizing hormone release in female rats. | metastin/kisspeptin, the kiss-1 gene product, has been identified as an endogenous ligand of gpr54 that reportedly regulates gnrh/lh surges and estrous cyclicity in female rats. the aim of the present study was to determine if metastin/kisspeptin neurons are a target of estrogen positive feedback to induce gnrh/lh surges. we demonstrated that preoptic area (poa) infusion of the anti-rat metastin/kisspeptin monoclonal antibody blocked the estrogen-induced lh surge, indicating that endogenous meta ... | 2007 | 17213691 |
| the bluegrass fauna and changes in middle holocene hunter-gatherer foraging in the southern midwest. | | 2000 | 17216900 |
| the impact of invasive grasses on the population growth of anemone patens, a long-lived native forb. | negative impacts of invasive plants on natives have been well documented, but much less is known about whether invasive plants can cause population level declines. we used demographic models to investigate the effects of two invasive grasses on the demography and population growth of anemone patens, a long-lived native perennial of north american grasslands. demographic data of a. patens growing in patches characterized by bromus inermis, poa pratensis, or native grasses were used to parameteriz ... | 2006 | 17249243 |
| root penetration through sealing layers at mine deposit sites. | to prevent acid mine drainage arising from oxygen and water penetration of sulphide-rich mine tailings, the tailings are covered with layers of dry sealing material. plant roots have a great ability to penetrate dense materials, and if the roots are able to penetrate the sealing layer of a tailings deposit, its oxygen-shielding properties could be reduced. the objective of this study was to evaluate whether plant roots are able to penetrate sealing layers covering mine tailings deposits. root pe ... | 2006 | 17253002 |
| prairie and turf buffer strips for controlling runoff from paved surfaces. | eutrophication of surface waters due to nonpoint source pollution from urban environments has raised awareness of the need to decrease runoff from roads and other impervious surfaces. these concerns have led to precautionary p application restrictions on turf and requirements for vegetative buffer strips. the impacts of two plant communities and three impervious/pervious surface ratios were assessed on runoff water quality and quantity. a mixed forb/grass prairie and a kentucky bluegrass (poa pr ... | 2007 | 17255630 |
| tryptophan-induced central fatigue in exercising rats is related to serotonin content in preoptic area. | to assess the effects of increased hypothalamic tryptophan (trp) availability on 5-ht content in preoptic area on thermoregulation and work production during exercise on treadmill, 20.3 microm of l-trp (n=7) or 0.15m nacl (n=6) was injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle of male wistar rats immediately before the animals started running (18 m min(-1) 5% inclination). exercise time to fatigue (min), and workload (kgm) were analysed. core temperature was measured by telemetry. at fatigue, bra ... | 2007 | 17280786 |
| are you ready for poa reporting? | | 2007 | 17285905 |
| identifying potentially preventable complications using a present on admission indicator. | this article describes the development of potentially preventable complications (ppcs), a new method that uses a present on admission (poa) indicator to identify in-hospital complications among secondary diagnoses that arise after admission. analyses that used ppcs to obtain risk-adjusted complication rates for california hospitals showed that (1) the poa indicator is essential for identifying complications, (2) frequency of complications varies by reason for admission and severity of illness (s ... | 2006 | 17290649 |
| effects of castration and hormone replacement on male sexual behavior and pattern of expression in the brain of sex-steroid receptors in balb/c ann mice. | little is known about the hormonal regulation of sexual behavior and about the pattern of expression in the brain of sex-steroid receptors in the balb/c ann strain of mice (mus musculus). in this study, 8-week old male balb/c ann mice were castrated and the temporal course of decline of sexual behavior was studied, as well as the effects of daily treatment with either testosterone propionate (tp), estradiol benzoate (eb), or dihydrotestosterone propionate (pdht). castration resulted in rapid dec ... | 2007 | 17292648 |
| assessing exclusionary power of a paternity test involving a pair of alleged grandparents. | the power of a genetic test battery to exclude a pair of individuals as grandparents is an important consideration for parentage testing laboratories. however, a reliable method to calculate such a statistic with short-tandem repeat (str) genetic markers has not been presented. | 2007 | 17302781 |
| prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis, and atopic eczema in brazilian adolescents related to exposure to gaseous air pollutants and socioeconomic status. | to evaluate the relationship between exposure to gaseous air pollutants (ozone [o3], carbon monoxide [co], nitrogen dioxide [no2], and sulfur dioxide [so2]) socioeconomic status and the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema in adolescents. | 2007 | 17323857 |
| multilocus phylogenetic analyses within blumeria graminis, a powdery mildew fungus of cereals. | blumeria graminis, a powdery mildew fungus, is an important plant pathogen that causes serious damage to a variety of cereal crops. in spite of the importance of the pathogen, information on phylogenetic structure within b. graminis is scarce. in this study we conducted phylogenetic analyses of b. graminis based on the dna sequences of four different dna regions (its, 28s rdna, chitin synthase 1, and beta-tubulin). the analyses revealed that the protein-coding regions have higher amounts of phyl ... | 2007 | 17346991 |
| [specific features of early embryogenesis in apomictic poa pratensis l]. | we studied the early stages of embryo formation in apomictic poa partensis l. it was shown that during transition to parthenogenesis, at least at the initial stages of embryogenesis, the algorithm of development of the sexual embryo is preserved. this could be due to the system of genetic control of embryogenesis, common for amphimixis and apomixis. we described asynchrony of developmental processes both within the efflorescence (asynchronous maturation of ovules) and within the ovule and even g ... | 2007 | 17352289 |
| identification of two novel phytosiderophores secreted by perennial grasses. | it has been suggested that some perennial grasses secrete phytosiderophores in response to iron (fe) deficiency, but the compounds have not been identified. here, we identified and characterized the phytosiderophores secreted by two perennial grasses, lolium perenne cv. tove and poa pratensis cv. baron. root exudates were collected from the roots of fe-deficient grasses and then purified with various chromatographies. the structure of the purified compounds was determined using both nuclear magn ... | 2007 | 17388893 |
| exploration of prostanoid receptor subtype regulating estradiol and prostaglandin e2 induction of spinophilin in developing preoptic area neurons. | the prostaglandin e2 (pge2) mediates estradiol-induced masculinization of sexual behavior in the rat during a perinatal sensitive period. pge2 induces formation of dendritic spines on preoptic area (poa) neurons and this synaptic pattern change is associated with the ability to express male sexual behavior as an adult. whether pge2 is released from astrocytes or neurons in the developing poa is unknown. to further understanding of how pge2 induces dendritic spine formation at the cellular level, ... | 2007 | 17408863 |
| control of gastrointestinal nematodes with copper oxide wire particles in a flock of lactating polypay ewes and offspring in iowa, usa. | copper oxide wire particles (cowp) have been used to reduce infection of haemonchus contortus in hair breed lambs in southeastern usa without signs of copper toxicity. however, copper sensitivity among breeds and regions varies. the objective was to determine the effectiveness and safety of cowp in lactating polypay ewes and their offspring grazing alfalfa/bluegrass pasture in a rotational grazing system. mature polypay ewes were administered 0, 0.5, 1, or 2 g (n=8 or 9/dose) cowp approximately ... | 2007 | 17433548 |
| the effect of stress on the expression of gnrh and gnrh receptor genes in the discrete regions of the hypothalamus and pituitary of anestrous ewes. | using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) technique, the gonadotropin releasing-hormone (gnrh) mrna and gnrh receptor (gnrh-r) mrna were analyzed in the preoptic area (poa), anterior (ah) and ventromedial (vm) hypothalamus, stalk/median eminence (sme) and anterior pituitary gland (ap) of anestrous ewes subjected to short or prolonged footshock stimulation. no gnrh gene expression was detected in the sme and ap. the comparable levels of gnrh mrna were found in the poa, ah ... | 2007 | 17435833 |
| characteristic of hypothalamic kisspeptin expression in the pubertal development of precocious female rats. | to investigate the potential role of kisspeptin in the advance onset of puberty in precocious puberty, model rats induced by danazol were used to study the developmental expression of hypothalamic kisspeptin. kisspeptin immunoreactive cells were observed in the arcuate nucleus (arc), periventricular nucleus (pen) and preoptic area (poa) in model rats on the day of onset-puberty. on the day of post-puberty, however, the number of kisspeptin immunoreactive cells in arc and pen decreased while the ... | 2007 | 17442487 |
| reduced central c-fos expression and febrile response to repeated lps injection into periodontal tissue of rats. | systemic injection of repeated doses of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) results in attenuation of the febrile response, i.e. endotoxin tolerance, which has been fairly well characterized in rats. in the present study, we tested the hypothesis that endotoxin tolerance also occurs after repeated local injection of lps into periodontal protection tissue. male wistar rats were given a gingival intra-pouch injection of sterile saline or lps at dose of 100 microg/kg on three consecutive days ... | 2007 | 17445782 |
| residual effects of imidacloprid on japanese beetle (coleoptera: scarabaeidae) oviposition, egg hatch, and larval viability in turfgrass. | preventive control of turf-infesting scarabaeid grubs by neonicotinoid insecticides is presumed to mainly result from residues killing first instars in the soil. the extent to which sublethal behavioral effects or intoxication of other life stages contribute to such control is poorly known. we tested whether japanese beetle, popillia japonica newman, females lay fewer eggs in turf treated with imidacloprid (merit 75 wp) or an imidacloprid-bifenthrin combination (allectus gc sc), and whether expo ... | 2007 | 17461068 |
| environmental effects on grass-endophyte associations in the harsh conditions of south patagonia. | cool-season grasses are frequently infected by neotyphodium endophytes and this association is often considered as a mutualistic symbiosis. we examined the incidence of neotyphodium in populations of bromus setifolius, phleum alpinum and poa spiciformis, native and wide-spread grasses from south patagonia, argentina. the incidence of 36 populations of bromus setifolius was studied in association with climatic and soil variables. 31 populations of ph. alpinum were sampled in five different plant ... | 2007 | 17466027 |
| improvement in reproductive parameters in hypogonadal female mice by regulated gene replacement therapy in the central nervous system. | one of the challenges of gene targeting is to achieve regulated transgene expression in specific target cells. the hypogonadal (hpg) mice are genetically deficient in hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) production due to a deletion in the gnrh gene, resulting in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. here we show an improvement in reproductive parameters of adult female homozygous hpg mice by direct infusion into the hypothalamic preoptic area (poa) of a herpes simplex virus (hsv)-based a ... | 2007 | 17476303 |
| shifts in positive and negative plant interactions along a grazing intensity gradient. | isolating the single effects and net balance of negative and positive species effects in complex interaction networks is a necessary step for understanding community dynamics. facilitation and competition have both been found to operate in harsh environments, but their relative strength may be predicted to change along gradients of herbivory. moreover, facilitation effects through habitat amelioration and protection from herbivory may act together determining the outcome of neighborhood plant-pl ... | 2007 | 17489467 |
| modifying drg-pps to include only diagnoses present on admission: financial implications and challenges. | the inability to distinguish complications acquired in hospital from comorbid conditions that are present on admission (poa) has long hampered the use of claims data in quality and safety research. now pay-for-performance initiatives and legislation requiring medicare to reduce payment for acquired infections add imperative for poa coding. this study used data from 2 states currently coding poa to assess the financial impact if medicare pays based on poa conditions only and to examine the challe ... | 2007 | 17496711 |
| evaluation of the potential role of water in spread of conidia of the neotyphodium endophyte of poa ampla. | neotyphodium endophytes are asexual, filamentous fungi, mutualistically associated with diverse cool season grasses. infected seeds and vegetative organs of infected host plants are the only known modes of propagation of the asexual endophytes. in the last decade certain epichloë and neotyphodium-infected grass species have been shown to have epiphyllous structures of the endophytes, hyphae, conidiophores, and conidia, growing on leaf blades. the production of epiphyllous conidia suggests the po ... | 2007 | 17512714 |
| bloodroot: life stories of nurse practitioners in rural appalachia. | this nursing research study was designed to reveal the life stories of nurse practitioners in rural appalachia using storytelling and ballad elements of the culture. the researcher was born in a rural appalachian community in virginia and was summoned to return to the place of her birth, feeling an invisible kinship to land, blood ties to family, and a longing to honor rural nursing. seven nurse practitioners from the same community shared their life stories. using the heuristic phenomenological ... | 2007 | 17515560 |
| use of wastewater and compost extracts as nutrient sources for growing nursery and turfgrass species. | nutrient salts present in liquid by-products following waste treatment are lost resources if not effectively recycled, and can cause environmental problems if improperly disposed. this research compared the growth response and mineral nutrient status of two nursery and two turfgrass species, hydroponically supplied with nutritive by-product extracts derived from anaerobically digested municipal solid waste (msw) and aerobically composted organic wastes from the mushroom and msw industries. forsy ... | 2007 | 17526882 |
| characterization and in vitro degradation of poly(octadecanoic anhydride). | poly(octadecanoic anhydride) (poa) has been prepared by melt polycondensation of octadecanoic diacid. poa was characterized by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir), differential scanning calorimetry (dsc) and wide angle x-ray diffraction (waxd). the results of in vitro degradation and sem micrographs show that the erosion process of poa is neither bulk nor perfect surface erosion but rather has elements of both in phosphate buffer at 37 degrees c. the moving erosion front is characteri ... | 2008 | 17577635 |
| an exploration of the utility of hypnosis in pain management among rural pain patients. | hypnosis is an adjunctive, noninvasive treatment with few side effects that can be useful in the management of chronic pain. however, it has fallen into disfavor in recent years and is often perceived by physicians as simple charlatanism. we evaluated the efficacy of this treatment as used clinically in a large, mostly rural, pain management center. | 2007 | 17578065 |
| preliminary investigation of changes in the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the rat medial preoptic area following prenatal exposure to fenitrothion. | in vitro, the organophosphate insecticide fenitrothion is a potent competitive androgen receptor antagonist, whereas in vivo it affects the development of the male rat reproductive system. the purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether prenatal exposure to fenitrothion affects development of the rat sexually dimorphic nucleus of the medial preoptic area (sdn-poa). pregnant rats (n = 5-6 litters/group) were orally dosed with corn oil (vehicle) or fenitrothion (20 or 25 mg kg(-1) day(-1) ... | 2007 | 17582585 |
| preoptic nitric oxide attenuates endotoxic fever in guinea pigs by inhibiting the poa release of norepinephrine. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) administration induces hypothalamic nitric oxide (no); no is antipyretic in the preoptic area (poa), but its mechanism of action is uncertain. lps also stimulates the release of preoptic norepinephrine (ne), which mediates fever onset. because ne upregulates no synthases and no induces cyclooxygenase (cox)-2-dependent pge(2), we investigated whether no mediates the production of this central fever mediator. conscious guinea pigs with intra-poa microdialysis probes receiv ... | 2007 | 17584955 |
| preoptic norepinephrine mediates the febrile response of guinea pigs to lipopolysaccharide. | norepinephrine (ne) microdialyzed in the preoptic area (poa) raises core temperature (t(c)) via 1) alpha(1)-adrenoceptors (ar), quickly and independently of poa pge(2), and 2) alpha(2)-ar, after a delay and pge(2) dependently. since systemic lipopolysaccharide (lps) activates the central noradrenergic system, we investigated whether preoptic ne mediates lps fever. we injected lps (2 microg/kg iv) in guinea pigs prepared with intra-poa microdialysis probes and determined poa cerebrospinal (csf) n ... | 2007 | 17584956 |
| relative contributions of leaf area ratio and net assimilation rate to change in growth rate depend on growth temperature: comparative analysis of subantarctic and alpine grasses. | the present study shows that the relative contributions of leaf area ratio (lar) and net assimilation rate (nar) to variation among species in relative growth rate (rgr) depend on growth temperature. we grew three subantarctic and three alpine poa species at daytime temperatures of 7, 12 and 17 degrees c, and analysed interspecific and temperature-related variation in rgrs by growth analysis. variation in nar accounted for most of the interspecific differences in rgr at low growth temperature, w ... | 2007 | 17587377 |
| neonatal exposure to bisphenol a modifies the abundance of estrogen receptor alpha transcripts with alternative 5'-untranslated regions in the female rat preoptic area. | the xenoestrogen bisphenol a (bpa) is commonly ingested by humans. we examined the effects of neonatal exposure to low versus high doses of bpa over the control of estrogen receptor alpha (eralpha) expression in the preoptic area (poa) of prepubertal female rats. pups received s.c. injections every 48 h of bpa (high dose, 20 mg/kg and low dose, 0.05 mg/kg) or diethylstilbestrol (des, 0.02 mg/kg) from postnatal day (pnd) 1 to pnd7 and were killed at pnd8 or pnd21. relative expression of eralpha t ... | 2007 | 17592034 |
| antagonistic interactions between plant competition and insect herbivory. | interspecific competition between plants and herbivory by specialized insects can have synergistic effects on the growth and performance of the attacked host plant. we tested the hypothesis that competition between plants may also negatively affect the performance of herbivores as well as their top-down effect on the host plant. in such a case, the combined effects of competition and herbivory may be less than expected from a simple multiplicative response. in other words, competition and herbiv ... | 2007 | 17601141 |
| changes in chloroplast ultrastructure in some high-alpine plants: adaptation to metabolic demands and climate? | the cytology of leaf cells from five different high-alpine plants was studied and compared with structures in chloroplasts from the typical high-alpine plant ranunculus glacialis previously described as having frequent envelope plus stroma protrusions. the plants under investigation ranged from subalpine/alpine geum montanum through alpine geum reptans, poa alpina var. vivipara, and oxyria digyna to nival cerastium uniflorum and r. glacialis. the general leaf structure (by light microscopy) and ... | 2007 | 17603748 |
| ccr1 and ccr5 chemokine receptors are involved in fever induced by lps (e. coli) and rantes in rats. | this study, besides examining the involvement of ccr1 and ccr5 receptors in the lps-induced fever (lipopolysaccharide, escherichia coli) in male wistar rats, evaluated if rantes (regulated on activation, normal t cells expressed and secreted) injected into the preoptic area of the anterior hypothalamus (ah/poa) would promote an integrated febrile response via these receptors. moreover, the effects of selective and non-selective cyclooxygenase blockers on both fever and the level of prostaglandin ... | 2007 | 17604006 |
| androgen receptors in a cichlid fish, astatotilapia burtoni: structure, localization, and expression levels. | androgens are an important output of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (hpg) axis that controls reproduction in all vertebrates. in male teleosts two androgens, testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone, control sexual differentiation and development in juveniles and reproductive behavior in adults. androgenic signals provide feedback at many levels of the hpg axis, including the hypothalamic neurons that synthesize and release gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (gnrh1), but the precise cellular site ... | 2007 | 17614300 |
| topography in the preoptic region: differential regulation of appetitive and consummatory male sexual behaviors. | several studies have suggested dissociations between neural circuits underlying the expression of appetitive (e.g., courtship behavior) and consummatory components (i.e., copulatory behavior) of vertebrate male sexual behavior. the medial preoptic area (mpoa) clearly controls the expression of male copulation but, according to a number of experiments, is not necessarily implicated in the expression of appetitive sexual behavior. in rats for example, lesions to the mpoa eliminate male-typical cop ... | 2007 | 17624413 |
| neuronal nitric oxide synthase and calbindin delineate sex differences in the developing hypothalamus and preoptic area. | throughout the hypothalamus there are several regions known to contain sex differences in specific cellular, neurochemical, or cell grouping characteristics. the current study examined the potential origin of sex differences in calbindin expression in the preoptic area and hypothalamus as related to sources of nitric oxide. specific cell populations were defined by immunoreactive (ir) calbindin and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nnos) in the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (poa/ah), anterov ... | 2007 | 17638388 |
| role of hypothalamus nociceptin/orphanin fq in pre-ovulatory luteinizing hormone surge of estrogen and progesterone-primed, ovariectomized rats. | to investigate the role of hypothalamus nociceptin/orphanin fq (ofq) and its endogenous receptor, the opioid receptor-like1 receptor (orl1 receptor) in the estrus cycle of female rats. | 2007 | 17640482 |
| the onset of fever: new insights into its mechanism. | the classical view of fever production is that it is modulated in the ventromedial preoptic area (vmpo) in response to signaling by pyrogenic cytokines elaborated in the periphery by mononuclear phagocytes and the consequent induction of cyclooxygenase (cox)-2-dependent prostaglandin (pg)e(2) in the vmpo. this mechanism has, however, been questioned, in particular because the appearance of circulating cytokines lags the onset of the febrile response to intravenously (iv) injected bacterial endot ... | 2007 | 17645911 |
| effects of season, testosterone and female exposure on c-fos expression in the preoptic area and amygdala of male green anoles. | expression of the immediate early gene, c-fos, was used to investigate changes in neuronal activity in forebrain regions involved in male sexual behavior following social, hormonal and/or seasonal manipulations in the male green anole. these factors all influence behavior, yet it is unclear how they interact to modify neuronal activity in forebrain regions, including the preoptic area (poa) and ventromedial nucleus of the amygdala (amy). these regions are involved in the display of sexual behavi ... | 2007 | 17673187 |
| preparing for poa reporting. how one facility educated its staff on the importance of the new requirement. | | 2007 | 17679605 |
| layered confinement of protein in synthetic fluorinated mica via stepwise polyamine exchange. | we have developed a process to incorporate the model protein, bovine serum albumin (bsa), into the layered spacing of swelled mica. by a stepwise intercalation, the sodium form of synthetic fluorinated mica (mica) was first exchanged with the poly(oxyalkylene)-diamine salts (poa-amine) through an ionic exchange reaction and then the bsa embedment. the first step of the mica space expansion from the pristine 12 a to 18-93 a was affected by hydrophobic pop-amines (pop2000 of 2000 g/mol and pop4000 ... | 2007 | 17685643 |
| paradoxical ozone associations could be due to methyl nitrite from combustion of methyl ethers or esters in engine fuels. | we review studies of the effects of low ambient ozone concentrations on morbidity that found a negative coefficient for ozone concentration. we call this a paradoxical ozone association (poa). all studies were in regions with methyl ether in gasoline. all but one study carefully controlled for the effects of other criterion pollutants, so the phenomenon cannot be attributed to them. one was in southern california in mid-summer when ozone levels are highest. because ozone is created by sunlight, ... | 2007 | 17716731 |
| stranded arrangement of sporopollenin in the exine of microspores of poa annua. | in the early microspore wall of the grass poa annua l., sporopollenin is arranged in bundles of anastomosing strands. each bundle contains at least two strands, each about 50 a in diameter, which anastomose or intertwine and look like a meshwork with pores of the mesh up to 50 a in diameter. after the early microspore stage the exine becomes homogeneous; it is similar in this respect to the exines or ornamented parts of the exines of pollen of other angiosperms examined by electron microscopy. | 1962 | 17749629 |
| folding and misfolding of the collagen triple helix: markov analysis of molecular dynamics simulations. | folding and misfolding of the collagen triple helix are studied through molecular dynamics simulations of two collagenlike peptides, [(pog)(10)](3) and [(pog)(4)poa(pog)(5)](3), which are models for wild-type and mutant collagen, respectively. to extract long time dynamics from short trajectories, we employ markov state models. by analyzing thermodynamic and kinetic quantities calculated from the markov state models, we examine folding mechanisms of the collagen triple helix and consequences of ... | 2007 | 17766343 |
| estrogen modulates neuronal movements within the developing preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus. | the preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus (poa-ah) is characterized by sexually dimorphic features in a number of vertebrates and is a key region of the forebrain for regulating physiological responses and sexual behaviours. using live-cell fluorescence video microscopy with organotypic brain slices, the current study examined sex differences in the movement characteristics of neurons expressing yellow fluorescent protein (yfp) driven by the thy-1 promoter. cells in slices from embryonic day 14 (e ... | 2007 | 17767488 |
| selective inhibition from the anterior hypothalamus of c- versus a-fibre mediated spinal nociception. | modulation of spinal nociception from the anterior hypothalamus/preoptic area (ah/poa), and consequent alterations in the pain experience may contribute to integrated responses brought into play during fear or stress and as part of the sickness response. this study was designed to compare the effects of descending control from ah/poa on a- versus c-fibre-evoked spinal nociception, since any differential control is of behavioural and clinical importance given that a-fibre and c-fibre nociceptors ... | 2008 | 17822851 |
| corticotropin releasing factor induces anxiogenic locomotion in trout and alters serotonergic and dopaminergic activity. | corticotropin releasing factor (crf) and serotonin (5-ht) are strongly linked to stress and anxiety in vertebrates. as a neuromodulator in the brain, crf has anxiogenic properties often characterized by increased locomotion and stereotyped behavior in familiar environments. we hypothesized that expression of anxiogenic behavior in response to crf will also be exhibited in a teleost fish. rainbow trout were treated with intracerebroventricular (icv) injections of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (a ... | 2007 | 17826776 |
| distribution, abundance, and seasonal ecology of listronotus maculicollis (coleoptera: curculionidae) on golf courses in québec, canada. | the weevil listronotus maculicollis dietz (coleoptera: curculionidae) is a major pest of annual bluegrass, poa annua l., on golf courses in northeastern north america. to determine the distribution, abundance, and seasonal ecology of l. maculicollis on golf courses in québec, canada, we sampled 19 golf courses (gc1-gc19) from different geographic and climatic conditions during 2001, 2002, and 2003. l. maculicollis was found on all golf courses except gc19, which was located in northeastern québe ... | 2007 | 17849888 |
| effects of organisational oestradiol on adult immunoreactive oestrogen receptors (alpha and beta) in the male mouse brain. | steroid hormones act on developing neural circuits that regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and are involved in hormone-sensitive behaviours. to test the hypothesis that developmental exposure to oestradiol (e(2)) organises the quantity of adult oestrogen receptors (eralpha and erbeta), we used male mice with a targeted mutation of the aromatase enzyme gene (arko) and their wild-type (wt) littermates. these mice are unable to aromatise testosterone to e(2), but still express both er ... | 2007 | 17850458 |
| differences in ovarian function parameters between chinese and caucasian oocyte donors: do they offer an explanation for lower ivf pregnancy rates in chinese women? | ivf outcomes in chinese women are inferior to those of caucasian patients. reflecting prematurely diminished ovarian function, women with elevated age-specific baseline (b-) fsh levels are designated to suffer from premature ovarian aging (poa). we investigated if the prevalence of poa differs between these two ethnic populations. | 2007 | 17855412 |
| effects of temperature and light on the formation of chloroplast protrusions in leaf mesophyll cells of high alpine plants. | chloroplasts of many alpine plants have the ability to form marked, stroma-filled protrusions that do not contain thylakoids. effects of temperature and light intensity on the frequency of chloroplasts with such protrusions in leaf mesophyll cells of nine different alpine plant species (carex curvula all., leontodon helveticus merat., oxyria digyna (l.) hill., poa alpina l. ssp. vivipara, polygonum viviparum l., ranunculus glacialis l., ranunculus alpestris l., silene acaulis l. and soldanella p ... | 2007 | 17897406 |
| microsatellite diversity of the agriculturally important alpine grass poa alpina in relation to land use and natural environment. | the alpine meadow grass poa alpina is common in subalpine and alpine natural sites and agriculturally used land, where it is an important fodder grass. natural factors and human land use are supposed to have been shaping its genetic diversity for hundreds of years. the species comprises sexually and vegetatively reproducing plants. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of agricultural land use, environmental factors and the mode of reproduction on the distribution of its microsate ... | 2007 | 17901059 |
| local adaptation and cogradient selection in the alpine plant, poa hiemata, along a narrow altitudinal gradient. | alpine environments are particularly susceptible to environmental changes associated with global warming but there is potential for alpine plants to adapt to warming if local adaptation occurs and gene flow allows genotypes adapted to low altitudes to colonize higher altitude sites. here we examine the adaptive potential of a common alpine grass, poa hiemata, within the restricted alpine habitat of australian mountains, across a narrow altitudinal gradient replicated in three areas. grasses at h ... | 2007 | 17924954 |
| mango: a new approach to multiple sequence alignment. | multiple sequence alignment is a classical and challenging task for biological sequence analysis. the problem is np-hard. the full dynamic programming takes too much time. the progressive alignment heuristics adopted by most state of the art multiple sequence alignment programs suffer from the 'once a gap, always a gap' phenomenon. is there a radically new way to do multiple sequence alignment? this paper introduces a novel and orthogonal multiple sequence alignment method, using multiple optimi ... | 2007 | 17951828 |
| cms's new poa coding requirements present important payment implications. | | 2007 | 17953193 |
| polymer - supported cobalt (ii) catalysts for the oxidation of alkenes. | polymer-supported heterogeneous catalysts in a form of complexes of 8-hydroxy- quinoline with cobalt acetate were synthesized. conjugated polymers - polyaniline (pani), poly-o-toluidine (pot), poly-o-anisidine (poa) - were used as supports. oxidation reactions of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons were carried out in the presence of molecular oxygen at atmospheric pressure and epoxides or ketones were obtained as the main products with high selectivity. | 2006 | 17962751 |
| sex difference in mecp2 expression during a critical period of rat brain development. | pervasive developmental disorder is a classification covering five related conditions including the neurodevelopmental disorder rett syndrome (rtt) and autism. of these five conditions, only rtt has a known genetic cause with mutations in methyl-cpg-binding protein 2 (mecp2), a global repressor of gene expression, responsible for the majority of rtt cases. however, recent evidence indicates that reduced mecp2 expression or activity is also found in autism and other disorders with overlapping phe ... | 2007 | 17965589 |