Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| effects of elevated soil copper on phenology, growth and reproduction of five ruderal plant species. | the repeated use of copper (cu) fungicides to control vine downy mildew, caused by plasmopara viticola, has been responsible for the heavy increase of cu concentration in the upper layers of vineyard soils. to determine the effects of elevated soil cu on plant development, we created an artificial soil gradient with cu enrichments ranging from 0 to 400 mg kg-1. on this gradient, and for five ruderal plant species commonly found in vineyards in southern france (poa annua l., dactylis glomerata l. ... | 2003 | 12547525 |
| variation in onset of summer dormancy and flowering capacity along an aridity gradient in poa bulbosa l., a geophytic perennial grass. | variation in the onset of summer dormancy and flowering capacity of 16 populations of poa bulbosa, collected along a steep north-south aridity gradient in israel (810-110 mm rain year(-1)), was studied under controlled conditions in a phytotron (16 h daylength, 22/16 degrees c day/night) and under natural conditions in a garden experiment in a net-house. plant age at the onset of dormancy varied markedly amongst populations (7-16 weeks under controlled conditions) and was positively correlated w ... | 2003 | 12547692 |
| estradiol enhances the neurotoxicity of glutamate in gt1-7 cells through an estrogen receptor-dependent mechanism. | glutamate plays an important role in neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction through acting on the n-methyl-d-asparate receptor (nmdar) in the preoptic area (poa). however, a larger dose of glutamate is neurotoxic. estradiol (e2) increases the responsiveness of neurons to glutamate through activation and/or expression of nmdar. in order to investigate whether estradiol modulates the neurotoxic effect of glutamate on the neurons through estrogen receptor (er), immortalized gt1-7 cells, which si ... | 2003 | 12564383 |
| transforming growth factor beta1 may directly influence gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene expression in the rat hypothalamus. | in vitro studies using immortalized gt1 cells suggest that hypothalamic astrocytes employ tgfbeta(1) to directly regulate the secretion of gnrh, the neurohormone that controls sexual maturation and adult reproductive function. however, whether such astrocyte-gnrh neuron signaling occurs in vivo is not clear. in the present study, we used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to determine whether astrocytes and gnrh neurons express the molecular components necessary to set in motion comm ... | 2004 | 14670985 |
| preoptic hypothalamic warming suppresses laryngeal dilator activity during sleep. | upper airway dilator activity during sleep appears to be diminished under conditions of enhanced sleep propensity, such as after sleep deprivation, leading to worsening of obstructive sleep apnea (osa). non-rapid eye movement (nrem) sleep propensity originates in sleep-active neurons of the preoptic area (poa) of the hypothalamus and is facilitated by activation of poa warm-sensitive neurons (wsns). we hypothesized that activation of wsns by local poa warming would inhibit activity of the poster ... | 2004 | 14988083 |
| evidence that dynorphin plays a major role in mediating progesterone negative feedback on gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in sheep. | endogenous opioid peptides (eop) mediate progesterone-negative feedback in many species, but the specific eop systems involved remain unresolved. we first addressed this question in sheep by determining the role of different eop receptor subtypes in the medial basal hypothalamus (mbh) and preoptic area (poa). local administration of eop receptor antagonists to luteal phase ewes indicated that kappa-, but not micro- or delta-, receptors mediate the inhibition of lh secretion in the mbh. in contra ... | 2004 | 14988383 |
| genome-wide detection of alternative splicing in expressed sequences using partial order multiple sequence alignment graphs. | we present a method for high-throughput alternative splicing detection in expressed sequence data. this method effectively copes with many of the problems inherent in making inferences about splicing and alternative splicing on the basis of est sequences, which in addition to being fragmentary and full of sequencing errors, may also be chimeric, misoriented, or contaminated with genomic sequence. our method, which relies both on the partial order alignment (poa) program for constructing multiple ... | 2004 | 14992490 |
| turfgrass, crop, and weed hosts of blissus occiduus (hemiptera: lygaeidae). | blissus occiduus barber is an important pest of buffalograss, buchloë dactyloides (nuttall) engelmann, turf. no-choice studies documented the susceptibility of selected turfgrasses, crops, and weeds to b. occiduus feeding. highly to moderately susceptible grasses included buffalograss; yellow setaria glauca (l.) and green foxtail setaria viridis (l.); kentucky bluegrass, poa pratensis l.; perennial ryegrass, lolium perenne l.; brome, bromus spp. leyss.; zoysiagrass, zoysia japonica steudel; berm ... | 2004 | 14998128 |
| cold-induced thermogenesis mediated by gaba in the preoptic area of anesthetized rats. | bilateral microinjections of gaba (300 mm, 100 nl) or the gaba(a) receptor agonist muscimol (100 microm, 100 nl) into the preoptic area (poa) of the hypothalamus increased the rate of whole body o(2) consumption (vo(2)) and the body core (colonic) temperature of urethane-chloralose-anesthetized, artificially ventilated rats. the most sensitive site was the dorsomedial poa at the level of the anterior commissure. the gaba-induced thermogenesis was accompanied by a tachycardic response and electro ... | 2004 | 15031132 |
| role of leptin in modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and luteinizing hormone secretion in the prepuberal gilt. | three experiments (exp) were conducted to test the hypothesis that leptin modulates lh, gnrh, and neuropeptide y (npy) secretion. in exp i, prepuberal gilts received intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) leptin injections and blood samples were collected. in exp ii, anterior pituitary cells from prepuberal gilts in primary culture were challenged with 10(-14), 10(-13), 10(-12), 10(-11), 10(-10), 10(-9), 10(-8), 10(-7), or 10(-6) m leptin individually or in combinations with 10(-10), 10(-9), and 10(-8 ... | 2004 | 15036375 |
| [identification of the apomixis in poa pratensis l. using sds-electrophoresis of endosperm reserve proteins]. | to determine the characteristics of variability of seed reproduction in the kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis), individual seed variability with respect to the composition of endospermal reserve proteins was studied. comparative analysis of caryopses obtained by self-fertilization and free fertilization of plants i1 (no. 2-4) and i2 (no. 2-4-7) of the wild-type specimen murmanskii-95 was performed using sds-page. using a cytoembryological express method, we demonstrated that facultative stimulat ... | 2004 | 15049068 |
| increased expression of forebrain gnrh mrna and changes in testosterone negative feedback following pubertal maturation. | pubertal development is associated with increased activity of the gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) neuronal system and rising gonadal steroid levels. the purpose of this study was to determine whether different circulating levels of testosterone affect gnrh mrna and luteinizing hormone (lh) to the same degree prior to and following pubertal maturation. pre- and post-pubertal male syrian hamsters were gonadectomized and treated with timed-release testosterone pellets (0, 0.5, 1.5, or 2.5mg) ... | 2004 | 15062545 |
| differential sensitivities of pyrogenic chemokine fevers to cc chemokine receptor 5 antibodies. | macrophage inflammatory protein (mip)-1beta and rantes (regulated on activation, normal t-cells expressed and secreted) are members of the cc-family of chemokines. although these two peptides are structurally and functionally related to one another, each exhibits distinct features, which allows it to independently regulate specific aspects of the host inflammatory response. they evoked intense and functionally different febrile responses when applied directly on pyrogen-sensitive cells located i ... | 2004 | 15066130 |
| fertilizer source effect on ground and surface water quality in drainage from turfgrass. | nutrients in surface and ground water can affect human and aquatic organisms that rely on water for consumption and habitat. a mass-balance field study was conducted over two years (july 2000-may 2001) to determine the effect of nutrient source on turfgrass runoff and leachate. treatments were arranged in an incomplete randomized block design on a slope of 7 to 9% of arkport sandy loam (coarseloamy, mixed, active, mesic lamellic hapludalf) and seeded with kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis l.) an ... | 2004 | 15074817 |
| hallucinations predict attentional improvements with rivastigmine in dementia with lewy bodies. | the aim of this analysis of the effects of cholinergic therapy in dementia with lewy bodies was to determine whether rivastigmine-induced benefits in attention and memory could be predicted by the presence of visual hallucinations. at study entry, 74% of patients were hallucinators and 26% were non-hallucinators. the population was analyzed for two-factor scores: power of attention (poa) and quality of memory (qom). a significant effect over placebo on poa was observed in hallucinators at weeks ... | 2004 | 15087584 |
| hormonal regulation of brain circuits mediating male sexual behavior in birds. | male sexual behavior in both field and laboratory settings has been studied in birds since the 19th century. birds are valuable for the investigation of the neuroendocrine mechanisms of sexual behavior, because their behavior can be studied in the context of a large amount of field data, well-defined neural circuits related to reproductive behavior have been described, and the avian neuroendocrine system exhibits many examples of marked plasticity. as is the case in other taxa, male sexual behav ... | 2004 | 15488549 |
| sleep-promoting functions of the hypothalamic median preoptic nucleus: inhibition of arousal systems. | recent work supports the hypotheses developed by von economo and nauta and elaborated by sallanon et al. that the poa contains a sleep-promoting output that opposes wake-promoting neuronal groups in the ph. the poa gives rise to descending pathways that terminate within wake-promoting populations in plh, ph and midbrain. current evidence suggests that this output originates in poa sleep-active gabaergic neurons. this output also seems to convey the signals of homeostatic drive. disynaptic projec ... | 2004 | 15493551 |
| perinatal androgenization prevents age-related neuron loss in the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area in female rats. | to investigate the effect of perinatal testosterone exposure, which simulates the endogenous testosterone peak, on neuron loss during aging, nuclear morphology was evaluated in male and female rats as well as in female rats treated with testosterone perinatally followed by ovariectomy (te/ovx). additionally, neuronal apoptosis, which occurred primarily at postnatal day 8 (pnd8), was identified by in situ tunel staining. neuronal density, nuclear volume, total neuronal number and pyknotic ratio w ... | 2004 | 15509899 |
| phytolith assemblages in grasses native to central argentina. | phytolith reference collections are a prerequisite for accurate interpretation of soil phytolith assemblages aimed at reconstructing past vegetation. in this study a phytolith reference collection has been developed for several grasses native to central argentina: poa ligularis, piptochaetium napostaense, stipa clarazii, stipa tenuis, stipa tenuissima, stipa eriostachya, stipa ambigua, stipa brachychaeta, pappophorum subbulbosum, digitaria californica, bothriochloa edwardsiana and aristida subul ... | 2004 | 15514027 |
| a novel method for multiple alignment of sequences with repeated and shuffled elements. | we describe aba (a-bruijn alignment), a new method for multiple alignment of biological sequences. the major difference between aba and existing multiple alignment methods is that aba represents an alignment as a directed graph, possibly containing cycles. this representation provides more flexibility than does a traditional alignment matrix or the recently introduced partial order alignment (poa) graph by allowing a larger class of evolutionary relationships between the aligned sequences. our g ... | 2004 | 15520295 |
| field evaluation of cdc gravid trap attractants to primary west nile virus vectors, culex mosquitoes in new york state. | a field study was conducted to evaluate two cdc gravid trap attractants available for the west nile virus surveillance program in new york state (nys). according to potential attractiveness, a common lawn sod in nys, kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) infusion and a rabbit chow infusion were compared for attractiveness to primary west nile virus vectors, culex mosquitoes. attractiveness of each infusion was measured by the number of adult mosquitoes caught in cdc gravid traps and the number of e ... | 2004 | 15532922 |
| gabaergic neurons with alpha2-adrenergic receptors in basal forebrain and preoptic area express c-fos during sleep. | the basal forebrain (bf) contains cholinergic neurons that stimulate cortical activation during waking. in addition, both the bf and adjacent preoptic area (poa) contain neurons that promote sleep. we examined c-fos expression in cholinergic and gabaergic neurons in the bf and poa to determine whether they are differentially active following sleep deprivation versus recovery and whether the gabaergic neurons are active during sleep. whereas the numbers of c-fos+ cells and proportions of c-fos+ c ... | 2004 | 15541901 |
| fluoxetine-treated male wrasses exhibit low avt expression. | in many species, increasing serotonergic activity can reduce aggression and reverse dominance relationships. these effects may in part be mediated through interactions with the arginine vasotocin/vasopressin (avt/avp) system. we tested this hypothesis in a territorial coral reef fish, the bluehead wrasse (thalassoma bifasciatum), by experimentally enhancing serotonergic neurotransmission, using the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (ssri) fluoxetine. terminal phase (tp) males received 2 we ... | 2004 | 15542067 |
| effects of midbrain lesions on lordosis and ultrasound production. | previous studies suggest the control of lordosis by competing neural systems. a lordosis-inhibiting system is thought to originate in the lateral septum (ls) or preoptic area (poa) and project to midbrain sites, including the ventral tegmental area (vta) and ventral half of the periaqueductal gray (vpag). a lordosis-facilitating system is thought to originate in the ventromedial hypothalamus and project to the dorsal half of the pag (dpag). to test the generality of this model, we subjected fema ... | 2004 | 15451643 |
| automatic milking and grazing--effects of distance to pasture and level of supplements on milk yield and cow behavior. | in an automatic milking system, 45 cows were divided into groups that grazed on a mixed grass sward (poa pratensis and festuca pratensis) at different distances from the barn: near pasture (np) at 50 m between the barn and the pasture and distant pasture (dp) at 260 m between the barn and the pasture. for both of these treatments, 3 kg of dry matter (dm) from supplementary grass silage were offered in the barn. the third treatment group grazed together under the dp treatment but was offered an a ... | 2004 | 15453482 |
| localization and expression of aromatase mrna in adult zebrafish. | estradiol plays a key role in the control of many behavioral and physiological aspects of reproduction therefore the expression of cytochrome p450 aromatase (cyp19), the enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens, is of vital interest. the zebrafish, and many other teleosts, have two aromatase genes (cyp19a1 and cyp19a2) that are expressed predominantly in the ovary and brain, respectively, however, the physiological impact of extra-gonadal aromatase has been poorly describe ... | 2004 | 15474538 |
| the japanese quail: a model for studying reproductive aging of hypothalamic systems. | during aging, the decline of neuroendocrine, endocrine, and behavioral components of reproduction ultimately leads to reproductive failure. these studies considered both neuroendocrine and behavioral aspects of reproductive aging in japanese quail, using chronological age and reproductive status to separate animals into experimental groups. in study i, age-related changes in the gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh-i) system were investigated and a sharp decrease was observed in gnrh-i concentra ... | 2004 | 15582284 |
| distribution and acute stressor-induced activation of corticotrophin-releasing hormone neurones in the central nervous system of xenopus laevis. | in mammals, corticotrophin-releasing hormone (crh) and related peptides are known to play essential roles in the regulation of neuroendocrine, autonomic and behavioural responses to physical and emotional stress. in nonmammalian species, crh-like peptides are hypothesized to play similar neuroendocrine and neurocrine roles. however, there is relatively little detailed information on the distribution of crh neurones in the central nervous system (cns) of nonmammalian vertebrates, and there are cu ... | 2004 | 15584929 |
| interleukin 1beta enhances non-rapid eye movement sleep and increases c-fos protein expression in the median preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus. | interleukin 1beta (il-1) is a key mediator of the acute phase response in an infected host and acts centrally to coordinate responses to an immune challenge, such as fever and increased non-rapid eye movement (nrem) sleep. the preoptic area (poa) is a primary sleep regulatory center in the brain: the ventrolateral poa (vlpo) and median preoptic nucleus (mnpn) each contain high numbers of c-fos protein immunoreactive (ir) neurons after sleep but not after waking. we hypothesized that il-1 mediate ... | 2004 | 15604300 |
| the inheritance of apomixis in poa pratensis confirms a five locus model with differences in gene expressivity and penetrance. | the genetic control of apomixis was studied in numerous segregating progenies originated from intercrossing and selfing of obligate sexual and facultative apomictic parents in poa pratensis by means of the flow cytometric seed screen. the data support a novel model with five major genes required to control asexual seed formation: the apospory initiator (ait) gene, the apospory preventer (apv) gene, a megaspore development (mdv) gene, the parthenogenesis initiator (pit) gene, and the parthenogene ... | 2004 | 15608334 |
| [ecological strategies of soil microbial communities under plants of meadow ecosystems]. | dominant growth strategies of soil microbial communities of mown and unmown meadows were assessed with respect to the constants of saturation and maximal specific growth rate of microorganisms. the microbial community of mown-meadow soil was characterized by a greater biomass and activity due to prevalence of microorganisms with the r strategy, compared to the microbial community of unmown-meadow soil. in contrast to nonrhizosphere soil, rhizosphere soil was dominated by rapidly growing microorg ... | 2004 | 15615453 |
| assessing determinants of community biomass composition in two-species plant competition studies. | a method is proposed for assessing the relative importance of species identity, neighbour species influence and environment as determinants of change in community biomass composition in two-species short-term competition experiments. the method is based on modelling the differences in relative growth rates (rgr) of species (hence called the rgrd method). using a multiple regression approach it quantifies the effects of initial species' abundance, species identity and environment on rgrd and henc ... | 2004 | 15655692 |
| exposure to bisphenol a during gestation and lactation causes loss of sex difference in corticotropin-releasing hormone-immunoreactive neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis of rats. | it has been suspected that endocrine disrupters induce abnormal differentiation and development of reproductive organs. in the present study, we examined whether exposure to bisphenol a (bpa), a known endocrine disrupter, during gestation and lactation affects sex difference in the number of corticotropin-releasing hormone-immunoreactive neurons (crh neurons) in the preoptic area (poa) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (bst). for that purpose, pregnant female wistar rats (n=8-11 per tr ... | 2004 | 14749093 |
| regulation of galanin receptor galr1 mrna expression by ovarian steroids in oestrogen receptor alpha-immunoreactive neurones: identification of distinct populations of neurones in the preoptic area. | this study examined whether gonadal steroids are involved in regulating galanin receptor 1 (galr1) mrna expression in neurones that contain oestrogen receptor alpha (eralpha), in three regions of the preoptic area (poa) known to be involved in the control of gonadotropin secretion. double-labelling immunohistochemistry using an antibody against the eralpha and in situ hybridization experiments using a 35s-labelled riboprobe specific for galr1 mrnas revealed that eralpha is expressed in a large p ... | 2004 | 14764000 |
| the hypothalamic insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and its relationship to gonadotropin-releasing hormones neurones during postnatal development. | reproduction in vertebrates is controlled by hypophysiotropic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) neurones. pulsatile gnrh release increases during reproductive development, resulting in the onset and progression of puberty and, ultimately, the acquisition and maintenance of adult reproductive function. these changes in gnrh release are largely due to inputs to gnrh cells from other factors, including the neurotrophic factor, insulin-like growth factor-1 (igf-1). here, molecular studies were u ... | 2004 | 14764003 |
| preoptic alpha 1- and alpha 2-noradrenergic agonists induce, respectively, pge2-independent and pge2-dependent hyperthermic responses in guinea pigs. | we have shown previously that norepinephrine (ne) microdialyzed into the preoptic area (poa) of conscious guinea pigs stimulates local pge(2) release. to identify the cyclooxygenase (cox) isozyme that catalyzes the production of this pge(2) and the adrenoceptor (ar) subtype that mediates this effect, we microdialyzed for 6 h ne, cirazoline (alpha(1)-ar agonist), and clonidine (alpha(2)-ar agonist) into the poa of conscious guinea pigs pretreated intrapreoptically (intra-poa) with sc-560 (cox-1 i ... | 2004 | 14962823 |
| combining partial order alignment and progressive multiple sequence alignment increases alignment speed and scalability to very large alignment problems. | partial order alignment (poa) has been proposed as a new approach to multiple sequence alignment (msa), which can be combined with existing methods such as progressive alignment. this is important for addressing problems both in the original version of poa (such as order sensitivity) and in standard progressive alignment programs (such as information loss in complex alignments, especially surrounding gap regions). | 2004 | 14962922 |
| different modes of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) release from multiple gnrh systems as revealed by radioimmunoassay using brain slices of a teleost, the dwarf gourami (colisa lalia). | it has become a general notion that there are multiple gnrh systems in the vertebrate brains. to measure gnrh release activities from different gnrh systems, we conducted a static incubation of brain-pituitary slices under various conditions, and gnrh released into the incubation medium was measured by ria. the slices were divided into two parts, one containing gnrh neurons in the preoptic area and axon terminals in the pituitary (poa-gnrh slices), and the other containing the cell bodies and fi ... | 2004 | 14715708 |
| sulfatide is a negative regulator of oligodendrocyte differentiation: development in sulfatide-null mice. | galactosylceramide (galc) and its sulfated analogue, sulfatide, are major galactosphingolipid components of myelin and oligodendrocyte plasma membranes in the nervous system. we previously hypothesized that these galactolipids play functional roles in the regulation of oligodendrocyte terminal differentiation by acting as sensors/transmitters of environmental information. evidence strongly supports this idea. first, these molecules are initially expressed on the cell surface at the interface at ... | 2004 | 14730700 |
| hypothalamic neuronal histamine regulates sympathetic nerve activity and expression of uncoupling protein 1 mrna in brown adipose tissue in rats. | to clarify how hypothalamic neuronal histamine regulates peripheral energy expenditure, we investigated the effect of infusion of histamine into the third cerebral ventricle or discrete hypothalamic regions on sympathetic nerve activity and expression of uncoupling protein 1 (ucp1) mrna in brown adipose tissue (bat). infusion of histamine (200 nmol) into the third cerebral ventricle of anesthetized rats significantly increased the electrophysiological activity of sympathetic nerves (p<0.01) and ... | 2004 | 15099666 |
| cationic oligopeptide-mediated delivery of dsrna for post-transcriptional gene silencing in plant cells. | we have used cationic oligopeptide polyarginine-12mer (poa) to deliver double-stranded rna (dsrna), prepared in vitro, to tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) suspension cells. poa interacts electrostatically with dsrna to form a complex. when dsrna for the gus or nptii gene was delivered into cells carrying the same genes, the corresponding mrna was degraded. using rnase protection assay we were able to detect 21-bp small interfering rna in dsrna/poa-treated cells. these results demonstrate that poa can ... | 2004 | 15147914 |
| induction of pge2 by estradiol mediates developmental masculinization of sex behavior. | adult male sexual behavior in mammals requires the neuronal organizing effects of gonadal steroids during a sensitive perinatal period. during development, estradiol differentiates the rat preoptic area (poa), an essential brain region in the male copulatory circuit. here we report that increases in prostaglandin-e(2) (pge(2)), resulting from changes in cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) regulation induced by perinatal exposure to estradiol, are necessary and sufficient to organize the crucial neural subs ... | 2004 | 15156148 |
| assessing residents' competencies at baseline: identifying the gaps. | entering residents have variable medical school experiences and differing knowledge and skill levels. to structure curricula, enhance patient safety, and begin to meet accreditation requirements, baseline assessment of individual resident's knowledge and skills is needed. to this end, in 2001 the university of michigan health system created the postgraduate orientation assessment (poa), an eight-station, objective structured clinical examination for incoming residents. | 2004 | 15165976 |
| cellular expression of v1a vasopressin receptor mrna in the female rat preoptic area: effects of oestrogen. | the preovulatory luteinizing hormone (lh) surge in female rats is dependent upon signals from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn), the site of a dominant circadian pacemaker. various lines of evidence indicate that arginine-vasopressin (avp)-containing projections from the scn to the preoptic area (poa) contribute to the production of the surge of lh-releasing hormone (lhrh). these actions may be mediated by v(1a) because the transcript for this avp receptor subtype is predominant within the poa o ... | 2004 | 15189327 |
| oribatid mite (acari: oribatida) contribution to decomposition dynamic of leaf litter in primary forest, second growth, and polyculture in the central amazon. | we studied the contribution of oribatid mites in the dynamics of litter decomposition in an experiment using litterbags of three different mesh sizes (20 microns, 250 microns, and 1 cm). the experiment was carried out at a primary forest (flo), a secondary forest (sec), and at two polyculture systems (poa and poc). we compared the weight loss of the leaves of vismia guianensis and the changes of the oribatid mite species community. we processed the samples after 26, 58, 111, 174, 278, and 350 da ... | 2004 | 15195365 |
| expression and hypophysiotropic actions of corticotropin-releasing factor in xenopus laevis. | members of the corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) family of peptides play pivotal roles in the regulation of neuroendocrine, autonomic, and behavioral responses to physical and emotional stress. in amphibian tadpoles, crf-like peptides stimulate both thyroid and interrenal (adrenal) hormone secretion, and can thereby modulate the rate of metamorphosis. to better understand the regulation of expression and actions of crf in amphibians we developed a homologous radioimmunoassay (ria) for xenopus ... | 2004 | 15201065 |
| rms/bluegrass family health plan partnership improves outcomes, costs. | 2004 | 15232995 | |
| interleukin-1beta modulates state-dependent discharge activity of preoptic area and basal forebrain neurons: role in sleep regulation. | interleukin-1beta (il-1) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the regulation of nonrapid eye movement (nonrem) sleep. il-1, il-1 receptors and the il-1 receptor antagonist (ra) are present normally in discrete brain regions, including the preoptic area (poa) of the hypothalamus and the adjoining magnocellular basal forebrain (bf). the poa/bf have been implicated in the regulation of sleep-wakefulness. we hypothesized that il-1 promotes nonrem sleep, in part by altering the ... | 2004 | 15245493 |
| evidence that the effect of melanocortins on female sexual behavior in preoptic area is mediated by the mc3 receptor; participation of nitric oxide. | alpha-msh is involved in reproductive processes and can regulate the expression of lordosis, an important component of female reproductive behavior in rats and many other species. in this study, we investigated the effects of msh peptides on lordosis behavior when injected in medial preoptic area (poa) of ovariectomised rats primed with estradiol. the results show an increase in lordotic activity after bilateral administration of alpha-msh and gamma-msh. interestingly, the treatment with the mc4 ... | 2004 | 15265652 |
| [a comparison study of pulsitile ocular blood flow in normal eyes and primary open angle glaucoma]. | to compare pulsatile ocular blood flow (pobf) and intraocular pressure (iop) in primary open angle glaucoma (poag) and normal control group matched for age, sex and refraction error, to investigate the rule of hem-dynamics in poag and to determine the sensitivity and specificity of pobf measurement as a diagnostic test for glaucoma. | 2004 | 15268833 |
| effects of traffic pollution on the genetic structure of poa annua l. populations. | the genetic composition of poa annua l. populations with a series of traffic pollution was studied by starch electrophoresis. five enzyme systems were stained. the results showed that: (1) traffic pollution can dramatically change genotypic frequencies at some loci of p. annua populations. significant deviations from hardy-weinberg equilibrium were observed on loci fe-1 and me due to the excess of heterozygotes in some populations. (2) the effective number of alleles per locus and the observed a ... | 2004 | 15272722 |
| compromised generation of gabaergic interneurons in the brains of vax1-/- mice. | the subcortical telencephalon is the major source of gabaergic interneurons that, during development, tangentially migrate to the cerebral cortex, where they modulate the glutamatergic excitatory action of pyramidal cells. the transcription factor vax1, an intracellular mediator of both shh and fgf signaling, is expressed at high levels in the medial and lateral ganglionic eminences (mge and lge, respectively), in the septal area (sa), in the anterior entopeduncular area (aep) and in the preopti ... | 2004 | 15280216 |
| tyrosine hydroxylase expression is affected by sexual vigor and social environment in male cnemidophorus inornatus. | although the distribution of catecholamine-synthesizing cells has been described for a variety of taxa, less is known about the functional significance of particular populations in nonmammalian species, especially reptiles. to understand the role of these populations in the display of social behaviors in lizards, we studied the interactive effects of sexual vigor (sexually vigorous vs. sluggish) and social condition (housing in isolation vs. with females) on the number and somal areas of cells e ... | 2004 | 15282714 |
| differential role of estrogen receptor isoforms in sex-specific brain organization. | transient activation of estrogen receptors (er) in the developing brain during a limited perinatal "window of time" is recognized as a key mechanism of defeminization of neural control of reproductive function and sexual behavior. two major er isoforms, alpha and beta, are present in neural circuits that govern ovarian cycle and sexual behavior. using highly selective er agonists, this study provides the first evidence for distinct contribution of individual er isoforms to the process of estroge ... | 2004 | 15289439 |
| cytochrome oxidase activity in the preoptic area correlates with differences in sexual behavior of intact and castrated male leopard geckos (eublepharis macularius). | although the utility of analyzing behavioral experience effects on neural cytochrome oxidase (co) activity is well recognized, the behavioral correlates of endogenous differences in co activity have rarely been explored. in male leopard geckos (eublepharis macularius), the incubation temperature experienced during embryogenesis (inct) and age affect co activity in the preoptic area (poa), an area that modulates copulatory behavior. in this study, the authors assessed whether differences in poa c ... | 2004 | 15301612 |
| muscle: a multiple sequence alignment method with reduced time and space complexity. | in a previous paper, we introduced muscle, a new program for creating multiple alignments of protein sequences, giving a brief summary of the algorithm and showing muscle to achieve the highest scores reported to date on four alignment accuracy benchmarks. here we present a more complete discussion of the algorithm, describing several previously unpublished techniques that improve biological accuracy and / or computational complexity. we introduce a new option, muscle-fast, designed for high-thr ... | 2004 | 15318951 |
| [effects of kidney-tonifying chinese herbal medicine on hypothalamic-pituitary gonadotrophic function]. | to observe the effects of kidney-tonifying chinese herbal medicine on the synthesis and secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) and the related neurotransmitters and neuropeptides, and to explore the mechanism of the regulative effect of chinese herbal medicine on the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadotrophic function. | 2004 | 15339508 |
| estradiol and progesterone modulate the nitric oxide/cyclic gmp pathway in the hypothalamus of female rats and in gt1-1 cells. | considerable evidence suggests that the nitric oxide (no)/cgmp signaling pathway plays an important role in the expression of reproductive behavior and in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) release from the hypothalamus the effects of the no/cgmp pathway on gnrh release and gene expression have also been examined in gt1 cells. however, it is still controversial whether no/cgmp signaling facilitates or inhibits gnrh release in these cells. the current study examined the effects of estradiol an ... | 2004 | 15347845 |
| prostaglandin e2 as a mediator of fever: the role of prostaglandin e (ep) receptors. | prostaglandin e2 (pge2) is a principal fever mediator that induces hyperthermia when injected into the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (ovlt) and the adjacent preoptic area of the hypothalamus (poa). pge (ep) receptors have four subtypes, i.e. ep1, ep2, ep3, and ep4. in the rat ovlt/poa region, at least three of these receptors, i.e. ep1, ep3, and ep4 receptors, have distinctively different distribution patterns. in rats, intracerebroventricular injection of ep1 receptor agonists and ep3 re ... | 2004 | 15353336 |
| indel patterns of the plastid dna trnl- trnf region within the genus poa (poaceae). | the use of insertion/deletion (indel) patterns from sequences of the trnl intron and trnl-f intergenic spacer (igs) in finding plastid genome types of the genus poa l. was studied. new sequences for 23 taxa ( p. alpina, p. badensis, p. bulbosa, p. crassipes, p. molinerii, p. annua, p. chaixii, p. granitica, p. pratensis, p. sibirica, p. remota, p. botryoides, p. cenisia, p. compressa, p. laxa, p. margilicola, p. media, p. nemoralis, p. palustris, p. pannonica, p. pirinica, p. riphaea, and p. sej ... | 2004 | 15368095 |
| methylobacillus pratensis sp. nov., a novel non-pigmented, aerobic, obligately methylotrophic bacterium isolated from meadow grass. | strain f31t was isolated from meadow grass (poa trivialis l.) sampled from the city park in helsinki. analysis of phenotypic and genotypic properties showed the strain to be related to the group of obligately methylotrophic non-methane utilizing bacteria (methylobacteria) with the ribulose monophosphate pathway of formaldehyde assimilation. phylogenetic analysis showed the strain to be closely related to the genus methylobacillus, and analysis of fatty acid composition confirmed this association ... | 2004 | 15388694 |
| isolation of candidate genes for apomixis in poa pratensis l. | the essential feature of apomixis is that an embryo is formed autonomously by parthenogenesis from an unreduced egg of an embryo sac generated through apomeiosis. the genetic constitution of the offspring is, therefore, usually identical to the maternal parent, a trait of great interest to plant breeders. if apomixis were well understood and harnessed, it could be exploited to indefinitely propagate superior hybrids or specific genotypes bearing complex gene sets. a fundamental contribution to t ... | 2004 | 15821987 |
| vegetation pattern related tc grazing pressure in alpine meadows of nanda devi biosphere reserve. | the present study aims to analyze the interaction of prevailing biotic pressure on plant species diversity in nanda devi biosphere reserve (ndbr) which lies in northern part of uttaranchal hills between 79 degrees 40'e to 80 degrees 05'e longitude and 30 degrees 17' n to 30 degrees 41'n latitude and covers an area of 2236.7 km2. a total of 75 species has been found which included the herbaceous plants viz., grasses, sedges and forbs. generally, the plants have a short life span of 3-4 months. ho ... | 2004 | 15847338 |
| heading for disaster: fusarium graminearum on cereal crops. | summary the rapid global re-emergence of fusarium head blight disease of wheat and barley in the last decade along with contamination of grains with mycotoxins attributable to the disease have spurred basic research on the fungal causal agent. as a result, fusarium graminearum quickly has become one of the most intensively studied fungal plant pathogens. this review briefly summarizes current knowledge on the pathogenicity, population genetics, evolution and genomics of fusarium graminearum. tax ... | 2004 | 20565626 |
| expression of a novel chitinase by the fungal endophyte in poa ampla. | many wild and cultivated cool-season grass species are naturally infected with fungal endophytes of the genera neotyphodium and epichloë. these associations generally are considered mutualistic with the plants benefiting from reduced herbivory and the fungi benefiting from nutrients supplied by the plants. the fungi secrete proteins that might have a role in the interspecies symbiosis. in the interaction between poa ampla merr. and the endophyte neotyphodium sp., a fungal chitinase was detected ... | 2004 | 21148875 |
| effect of thyroid hormone depletion on monoamines and expression patterns of catfish gnrh in the air-breathing catfish, clarias gariepinus. | thyroid hormone is known to have profound effect on the efficient functioning of the reproductive system. the gnrh-gondaotropin (gth) axis is the crucial axis involved in regulation of the various aspects of reproduction like spermatogenesis, synthesis of sex steroids and regulation of courting and spawning behavior. earlier study from our laboratory has shown that thyroid hormone depletion causes a decrease in gth and gnrh levels in pituitary and preoptic area, respectively. gnrh secretion in p ... | 2005 | 20035457 |
| capsaicin augments synaptic transmission in the rat medial preoptic nucleus. | the medial preoptic nucleus (mpn) is the major nucleus of the preoptic area (poa), a hypothalamic area involved in the regulation of body-temperature. injection of capsaicin into this area causes hypothermia in vivo. capsaicin also causes glutamate release from hypothalamic slices. however, no data are available on the effect of capsaicin on synaptic transmission within the mpn. here, we have studied the effect of exogenously applied capsaicin on spontaneous synaptic activity in hypothalamic sli ... | 2005 | 15862512 |
| in utero and lactational exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in rats disrupts brain sexual differentiation. | the effects of in utero and lactational exposure of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) on brain sexual differentiation were investigated. tcdd was orally administered to pregnant holtzman rats on gestation day (gd) 15, and the activity of brain aromatase, a key enzyme for sexual differentiation, was measured in offspring on postnatal day (pnd) 2. changes in sexual dimorphisms of saccharin preference and the volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) were exam ... | 2005 | 15885269 |
| new zealand's psychiatry of old age services. revisiting 'the view from the bottom of the cliff'--have we made any progress since 1998? | in 1998, the new zealand branch of the faculty of psychiatry of old age (fpoa) surveyed psychiatry of old age (poa) services in new zealand for their resource levels. at that time, they were low by international and mental health commission 'blueprint' levels. in 2003, poa services in new zealand were resurveyed to determine how much progress had been made in the ensuing 5 years. | 2005 | 15886731 |
| influence of sward height, daily timing of concentrate supplementation, and restricted time for grazing on forage utilization by lactating beef cows. | to establish the effect of sward height, concentrate feeding time, and restricted time for grazing on forage utilization by grazing cattle, 32 crossbred beef (24 angus and eight hereford) cows (632 kg bw) and calves (104 kg bw) were grouped by weight and calving date. they were assigned randomly to two sward height treatments (4 to 8 or 8 to 12 cm), replicated four times. the herbage comprised mainly kentucky bluegrass, orchardgrass, some forbs, and white clover. the cows were restricted to 12 h ... | 2005 | 15890822 |
| pre-pro-somatostatin-iii may have cortistatin-like functions in fish. | this study analyzes daily changes in the expression of somatostatin precursors pss-i and pss-iii (structurally related to cortistatin) in the goldfish brain. the results indicate that pss-i expression correlates with the light cycle only in optic tectum-thalamus (ot-tha). pss-iii expression correlates with the light cycle in telencephalon-preoptic area (tel-poa) and ot-tha. in tel-poa, pss-iii reaches a minimum level at the beginning of the active phase and a maximum level late in this phase. th ... | 2005 | 15891036 |
| will loss of snow cover during climatic warming expose new zealand alpine plants to increased frost damage? | if snow cover in alpine environments were reduced through climatic warming, plants that are normally protected by snow-lie in winter would become exposed to greater extremes of temperature and solar radiation. we examined the annual course of frost resistance of species of native alpine plants from southern new zealand that are normally buried in snowbanks over winter (celmisia haastii and celmisia prorepens) or in sheltered areas that may accumulate snow (hebe odora) and other species, typical ... | 2005 | 15891822 |
| sexually dimorphic hormonal regulation of the gap junction protein, cx43, in rats and altered female reproductive function in cx43+/- mice. | astrocytic gap junctional communication is important in steroid hormone regulation of reproductive processes at the level of the hypothalamus, including estrous cyclicity and sexual behavior. we examined the effects of estradiol and progesterone on the abundance of the gap junctional protein, connexin 43 (cx43), which is highly expressed in astrocytes. gonadectomized rats received hormone treatments that induce maximal sexual behavior and gonadotropin surges in females (estrogen for 48 h followe ... | 2005 | 15910768 |
| fungal endophyte n-acetylglucosaminidase expression in the infected host grass. | fungal endophytes of the genera neotyphodium and epichlolë are important mutualistic symbionts and pathogens of many cool-season grass species. here we report the characterization of a secreted n-acetylglucosaminidase from the neotyphodium sp. endophyte that infects the grass poa ampla. the enzyme was expressed at low levels within the host, and activity could be detected in the apoplastic protein fraction. low-level expression could also be detected in endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass (lol ... | 2005 | 15912954 |
| establishment and growth of experimental grass species mixtures on coal mine sites reclaimed with municipal biosolids. | the surface mining control and reclamation act of 1977 requires that coal mine sites in the united states be reclaimed to establish vegetative cover that is diverse, native, and capable of plant succession. however, there is a question as to whether vegetation established on coal mine sites reclaimed with biosolids is diverse and capable of plant succession. the influx of nutrients with the addition of biosolids leads to long-term dominance by early-successional species, most notably grasses, an ... | 2005 | 15920668 |
| comparison of early development of three grasses: lolium perenne, agrostis stolonifera and poa pratensis. | to improve the management of grass communities, early plant development was compared in three species with contrasting growth forms, a caespitose (lolium perenne), a rhizomatous (poa pratensis) and a caespitose-stoloniferous species (agrostis stolonifera). | 2005 | 15932884 |
| sex differences in the location of immunochemically defined cell populations in the mouse preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus. | the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (poa/ah) is sexually dimorphic in many vertebrates. we have defined specific cell populations within the poa/ah using immunocytochemical markers for estrogen receptor beta (erbeta) and the r1 subunit of the gaba(b) receptor (gaba(b)r1). our previous finding of sex differences in cell migration in this region in embryonic day 15 mice led us to examine sex differences in the location or size of chemically identified cell groups. at embryonic day 17 (e17), ce ... | 2005 | 15939083 |
| vegetation pattern and heavy metal accumulation at a mine tailing at gyöngyösoroszi, hungary. | vegetation at an abandoned heavy metal bearing mine tailing may have multifunctional roles such as modification of water balance, erosion control and landscape rehabilitation. research on the vegetation of mine tailings can provide useful information on tolerance, accumulation and translocation properties of species potentially applicable at moderately contaminated sites. analyses of the relationship between heavy metal content (pb, zn and cu) and vegetation in a mine tailing were carried out. t ... | 2005 | 15948607 |
| a psba mutation in kochia scoparia (l) schrad from railroad rights-of-way with resistance to diuron, tebuthiuron and metribuzin. | kochia [kochia scoparia (l) schrad] has become resistant to many herbicides used in cropland and railroad rights-of-way in north dakota and minnesota. kochia scoparia plants that had survived annual treatments with diuron and tebuthiuron were sampled along railroad rights-of-way in north dakota and minnesota. the samples were screened in the greenhouse for resistance to diuron, tebuthiuron, metribuzin and bromoxynil from 0.5x to 32x the recommended use rates. a resistant k scoparia accession (mn ... | 2005 | 15952238 |
| visualizing forebrain-specific usage of an estrogen receptor alpha promoter for receptor downregulation in the rat. | transgenic rats expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) under the control of an estrogen receptor (er) alpha promoter were generated to tag eralpha-positive neurons in the brain. two transgenes, one containing sequences for promoter a and dsred and the other containing sequences for promoter 0/b and egfp, were injected simultaneously into wistar rat zygotes. twenty-two founders with both transgenes were identified. ten lines of these founders expressed the egfp tag in the brains of ... | 2005 | 15953656 |
| expression of glutamate receptor subunits in the hypothalamus of the female rat during the afternoon of the proestrous luteinizing hormone surge and effects of antiprogestin treatment and aging. | the excitatory transmitter, glutamate has been implicated in the control of reproduction, hormone secretion and neuroendocrine regulation. the present study examined whether the hypothalamic expression of three key ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits (nmdar1, glur1 and glur6) fluctuates significantly on proestrus in the rat, and whether treatment with the antiprogestin, ru486 affected glutamate receptor subunit expression. the studies revealed that nmdar1, glur1 and glur6 mrna levels in the m ... | 2005 | 15961958 |
| bluegrass blessing. | 2005 | 15966161 | |
| cytokines, pge2 and endotoxic fever: a re-assessment. | the innate immune system serves as the first line of host defense against the deleterious effects of invading infectious pathogens. fever is the hallmark among the defense mechanisms evoked by the entry into the body of such pathogens. the conventional view of the steps that lead to fever production is that they begin with the biosynthesis of pyrogenic cytokines by mononuclear phagocytes stimulated by the pathogens, their release into the circulation and transport to the thermoregulatory center ... | 2005 | 15967158 |
| inhibition of luteinizing hormone secretion by localized administration of estrogen, but not dihydrotestosterone, is enhanced in the ventromedial hypothalamus during feed restriction in the young wether. | the ability of steroids to inhibit lh secretion is enhanced during undernutrition. to identify potential hypothalamic sites at which this enhancement may occur, we examined lh secretion in feed-restricted or fed young wethers treated with locally administered metabolites of testosterone. in experiment 1, microimplants containing crystalline estradiol-17beta (e) or cholesterol were administered via chronic guide tubes directed to the preoptic area (poa) or ventromedial hypothalamus (vmh) in fed o ... | 2005 | 15972883 |
| isolation, cloning, and expression of three prepro-gnrh mrnas in atlantic croaker brain and pituitary. | three prepro-gonadotropin-releasing hormones, seabream gnrh (sbgnrh), chicken gnrh-ii (cgnrh-ii), and salmon gnrh (sgnrh) were isolated by cdna cloning from the brain of the atlantic croaker, micropogonias undulatus. the amino acid sequences of croaker gnrh precursors show greatest similarities to those of the gilthead and red sea breams and european sea bass. in situ hybridization of croaker brain sections revealed more abundant sbgnrh mrna expression in the preoptic area (poa) than in other br ... | 2005 | 15973678 |
| involvement of central metastin in the regulation of preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge and estrous cyclicity in female rats. | ovulation is caused by a sequence of neuroendocrine events: gnrh and lh surges that are induced by positive feedback action of estrogen secreted by the mature ovarian follicles. the central mechanism of positive feedback action of estrogen on gnrh/lh secretion, however, is not fully understood yet. the present study examined whether metastin, the product of metastasis suppressor gene kiss-1, is a central neuropeptide regulating gnrh/lh surge and then estrous cyclicity in the female rat. metastin ... | 2005 | 15976058 |
| spatial patterns and species performances in experimental plant communities. | amongst the various hypotheses that challenged to explain the coexistence of species with similar life histories, theoretical, and empirical studies suggest that spatial processes may slow down competitive exclusion and hence promote coexistence even in the absence of evident trade-offs and frequent disturbances. we investigated the effects of spatial pattern and density on the relative importance of intra- and interspecific competition in a field experiment. we hypothesized that weak competitor ... | 2005 | 16001215 |
| seasonal plasticity of brain aromatase mrna expression in glia: divergence across sex and vocal phenotypes. | although teleost fishes have the highest levels of brain aromatase (estrogen synthase) compared to other vertebrates, little is known of its regulation and function in specific brain areas. previously, we characterized the distribution of aromatase in the brain of midshipman fish, a model system for identifying the neural and endocrine basis of vocal-acoustic communication and alternative male reproductive tactics. here, we quantified seasonal changes in brain aromatase mrna expression in the in ... | 2005 | 16003720 |
| emulsion intercalation of smectite clays with comb-branched copolymers consisting of multiple quaternary amine salts and a poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) backbone. | layered silicates were intercalated with comb-branched copolymers consisting of a hydrophobic polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene/butylene)-b-polystyrene (sebs) backbone and multiple pendants of poly(oxyalkylene) (poa) quaternary ammonium salts. the requisite intercalating agents were synthesized by grafting poa amines on the maleated sebs. the corresponding sebs-poa amine salts were found to have two functions, the capability to emulsify toluene/water mixtures to fine particle sizes of 60-70 nm in diam ... | 2005 | 16008418 |
| steroid regulation of brain aromatase expression in glia: female preoptic and vocal motor nuclei. | expression of the enzyme aromatase, which converts androgens to estrogens, is known to be regulated by gonadal steroids in brain areas linked to reproduction and related behaviors in several groups of vertebrates. previously, we demonstrated in a vocal fish, the plainfin midshipman, that both males and females undergo seasonal changes in brain aromatase mrna expression in the preoptic area (poa) and the dimorphic sonic/vocal motor nucleus (smn) that parallel seasonal variation in circulating ste ... | 2005 | 16010669 |
| [the frequency of pollen allergy at the population of sarajevo region during the 2002 year]. | the frequency of pollen alergy in the sample of population of sarajevo region during the 2002 year has been investigated. the age and gender population has been different. for determination of allergy has been use of standard test carryed out in the respective laboratories of clinical center of university of sarajevo. the testing has been on the pollen of weed plant species and grass (graminejae) pollen. in the mixture of pollen weed plant species have been following plants: plantago lanceolata ... | 2005 | 16018386 |
| serk and apostart. candidate genes for apomixis in poa pratensis. | seed production generally requires the mating of opposite sex gametes. apomixis, an asexual mode of reproduction, avoids both meiotic reduction and egg fertilization. the essential feature of apomixis is that an embryo is formed autonomously by parthenogenesis from an unreduced egg of an embryo sac generated through apomeiosis. if apomixis were well understood and harnessed, it could be exploited to indefinitely propagate superior hybrids or specific genotypes bearing complex gene sets. a more p ... | 2005 | 16024690 |
| induced expression of c-fos in the diencephalon and pituitary gland of goats following transportation. | to identify regions of the caprine diencephalone and pituitary gland related to transportation stress, the expression of c-fos protein was examined immunohistochemically as an indicator of neural activation. ten castrated shiba goats (capra hircus), five transported and five controls, were used. transported goats were trucked for 1 h and killed by transcardiac perfusion 1 h after the end of transportation. control goats were housed in single pens killed in the same manner and at the same time as ... | 2005 | 16024703 |
| effects of commercial diazinon and imidacloprid on microbial urease activity in soil and sod. | diazinon [o,o-diethyl o-2-isopropyl-6-methyl(pyrimidine-4-yl) phosphorothioate] and imidacloprid [1-(1-[6-chloro-3-pyridinyl]methyl)-n-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine] are applied to lawns for insect control simultaneously with nitrogenous fertilizers such as urea, but their potential effect on urease activity and nitrogen availability in turfgrass management has not been evaluated. urease activity in enzyme assays, washed cell assays, and soil slurries was examined as a function of insecticide concen ... | 2005 | 16091610 |
| surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy of bacteria and pollen. | a technique for distinguishing biological material based on surface-enhanced raman scattering (sers) is reported in this work. of particular interest is biological material that can be airborne. silver colloidal particles with diameters in the range 10 to 20 nm and with a characteristic ultraviolet-visible (uv-vis) absorption band at 400 nm were used to obtain sers spectra of escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and salmonella typhimurium bacteria and a number of tree and grass pollens (cup ... | 2005 | 16105210 |
| [effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on weeds growth and nitrogen uptake]. | in this paper, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the responses of different functional groups weeds to simulated nitrogen deposition (4.0 g n.m(-2).yr(-1)). native weed species poa annua, lolium perenne, avena fatua, medicago lupulina, trifolium repens, plantago virginica, veronica didyma, echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis, eleusine indica and amaranthus spinosus in orchard ecosystem were used test materials, and their above-and underground biomass and nitrogen uptake were measured. ... | 2005 | 16110678 |
| involvement of nociceptin/orphanin fq in release of hypothalamic gnrh mediated by orl1 receptor in ovariectomized rats. | to investigate effect of the nociceptin/orphanin fq (ofq) on hypothalamus gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) release in ovariectomized (ovx) rats. | 2005 | 16115368 |
| [genetic polymorphism of bluegrass cultivars detected by rapds]. | kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis l.) is a hardy, persistent forage and turf grass adapted to a wide range of soils and climates. its ever-increasing adoption in highly cared-for sports fields has attracted the attention of many seed companies. however in the past, the breeding of elite varieties was often hampered by the extreme complexity of the genome. the polymorphism is important for broading the genetic basis and may be exploited for application of heterosis. the genetic relationship of 16 ... | 2005 | 16120587 |
| aromatase inhibition abolishes courtship behaviours in the ring dove (streptopelia risoria) and reduces androgen and progesterone receptors in the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland. | the aim of this study was to determine in the ring dove, the effects of aromatase inhibition on the expression of aggressive courtship and nest-soliciting behaviours in relation to the distribution of cells containing immunoreactive androgen (ar) and progesterone (pr) receptor in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. isolated sexually experienced ring doves were transferred in opposite sex pairs to individual breeding cages, and then injected with the aromatase inhibitor, fadrozole (four males a ... | 2005 | 16132701 |
| long form leptin receptor mrna expression in the hypothalamus and pituitary during early pregnancy in the pig. | the aim of this study was the detection and location of long form leptin receptor (ob-rb) in different area of hypothalamus and pituitary in the pig during early pregnancy. | 2005 | 16136021 |