Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| effects on functions of ovine blood mononuclear cells for each of several fatty acids at concentrations found in plasma of healthy and ketotic ewes. | to assess effects on functions of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) obtained from ewes for each of several fatty acids represented in ovine plasma at concentrations mimicking those of ketotic or healthy ewes. | 2002 | 12118675 |
| fos expression induced by warming the preoptic area in rats. | the preoptic area (poa) occupies a crucial position among the structures participating in thermoregulation, but we know little about its efferent projections for controlling various effector responses. in this study, we used an immunohistochemical analysis of fos expression during local warming of the preoptic area. to avoid the effects of anesthesia or stress, which are known to elicit fos induction in various brain regions, we used a novel thermode specifically designed for chronic warming of ... | 2002 | 11931855 |
| [spreading of fungi of fusarium lk : fr. genus in the soil of mountain-forest reservation of chatkala]. | the species composition of fusarium genus is more rich and diverse in agrophytocenoses than in natural soils of vertical zones of the chatkala mountain systems. soils at the height of 600-700 m were the poorest in the number of fusarium genus fungi while agrophytocenoses were the richest in the fungi. certain differences in the species diversity and the number of fusarium genus were found in the soil of the root zone of plants poa bulbosa, juniperus sarevschanica and festuca valesiaca. the maxim ... | 2002 | 12190036 |
| long-term effects of the mammary carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene on hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone and its pituitary receptor gene expression, during the promotion stage, in female sprague-dawley rats. | a single intragastric administration of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (dmba) has been shown to induce mammary tumors in young cycling female sprague-dawley rats. the appearance of these tumors is preceded by a series of neuroendocrine disturbances, including attenuation of the preovulatory luteinizing hormone (lh) surge and amplification of the preovulatory 17beta-estradiol surge, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) released in vitro. in this study, we examined the hypothesis that dmba ad ... | 2002 | 12083628 |
| influence of estradiol on nadph diaphorase/neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity and colocalization with progesterone or type ii glucocorticoid receptors in ovine hypothalamus. | nitric oxide (no) has been shown to play an important role in both the neuroendocrine reproductive and stress axes, which are closely linked. because progesterone (p4) receptors (prs) and glucocorticoid receptors (grs) are not found in gnrh neurons and the noergic system has been implicated in the control of gnrh secretion, this study aimed to ascertain whether steroids altered the noergic system. our first objective was to map the distribution of no synthase (nos) cells in the ovine preoptic ar ... | 2002 | 12193391 |
| growth-promoting activity of pyrazinoic acid, a putative active compound of antituberculosis drug pyrazinamide, in niacin-deficient rats through the inhibition of acmsd activity. | we have recently reported that the antituberculosis drug, pyrazinamide (pza), caused a significant increase in the conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin in rats. in the present work, we investigated whether or not pyrazinoic acid (poa), a putative metabolite of pza, increased the conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin. weaning rats were fed with a niacin-free and tryptophan-limited diet (negative control diet), or with the negative control diet supplemented with 0.003% nicotinic acid (posit ... | 2002 | 12224625 |
| multiple sequence alignment using partial order graphs. | progressive multiple sequence alignment (msa) methods depend on reducing an msa to a linear profile for each alignment step. however, this leads to loss of information needed for accurate alignment, and gap scoring artifacts. | 2002 | 11934745 |
| functional interactions between estrogen and insulin-like growth factor-i in the regulation of alpha 1b-adrenoceptors and female reproductive function. | the ovarian hormone estradiol (e(2)) and insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) interact in the cns to regulate neuroendocrine function and synaptic remodeling. previously, our laboratory showed that 2 d e(2) treatment induces alpha(1b)-adrenoceptor expression and promotes igf-i enhancement of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor potentiation of camp accumulation in the preoptic area (poa) and hypothalamus (hyp). this study examined the hypothesis that e(2)-dependent aspects of female reproductive function, incl ... | 2002 | 11896179 |
| functional integrity of erbb-4/-2 tyrosine kinase receptor complex in the hypothalamus is required for maintaining normal reproduction in young adult female rats. | erbb-1 tyrosine kinase receptors are necessary for maintaining female reproduction by modulating the release of lh-releasing hormone (lhrh). changes in erbb-1 signaling capacity in aging rats are linked to compromised reproduction. the interactive and synergistic nature of different members of erbb receptors in mediating signal transduction exists in many cellular systems. particularly, the interactions among erbb-1 and erbb-2 or erbb-4 and erbb-2 are known to be involved in the stimulation of l ... | 2002 | 11956173 |
| estrogen modulation of k(+) channel activity in hypothalamic neurons involved in the control of the reproductive axis. | here we report on the progress we have made in elucidating the mechanisms through which estrogen alters synaptic responses in hypothalamic neurons. we examined the modulation by estrogen of the coupling of various receptor systems to inwardly rectifying and small conductance, ca(2+)-activated k(+) (sk) channels. we used intracellular sharp-electrode and whole-cell recordings in hypothalamic slices from ovariectomized female guinea pigs. estrogen rapidly uncouples mu-opioid receptors from g prote ... | 2002 | 11960620 |
| sex difference in the expression and regulation of nitric oxide synthase gene in the rat preoptic area. | neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nnos) mrna-positive cells were visualized by non-isotopic in situ hybridization histochemistry in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (ovlt) and the preoptic area (poa) in gonadectomized juvenile female and male rats. in the rostral poa (rpoa) at the level of the anteroventral periventricular nucleus, nnos mrna-positive cells were distributed in an inverted v-shaped area over the third ventricle and were in close proximity to cell bodies of gonadotropi ... | 2002 | 12067750 |
| age-related changes in hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone and n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor gene expression, and their regulation by oestrogen, in the female rat. | during reproductive ageing, the oestrous cycles of female rats become irregular and eventually cease. the mechanisms for reproductive senescence in rodents are believed to involve changes in hypothalamic neurones, including gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) cells and their afferent inputs. in addition, effects of oestrogen on hypothalamic function may vary in animals of different ages. these issues were addressed using young (aged 4-5 months), middle-aged (12-14 months) and old (24-26 months ... | 2002 | 11963827 |
| distribution and metabolism of 20 alpha-hydroxylated progestins in the female rat. | the c21 steroids, progesterone and 20 alpha-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20 alpha-dhp) play pivotal roles in the initiation, timing and maintenance of ovulatory function and pregnancy in female mammals. they also have growth factor and central nervous system (cns) effects; some of these are non-genomic effects mediated through 5 alpha-reduced and 3 alpha-hydroxylated derivatives. these studies examined the in vivo uptake and conversion of 20 alpha-dhp in selected cns sites and peripheral tissues aft ... | 2002 | 11983494 |
| seasonal and sexual dimorphisms in the green anole forebrain. | during the breeding season, male green anole lizards extend a throat fan (dewlap) in courtship. this behavior is facilitated by testosterone (t). females extend a much smaller dewlap less often, even with the same dose of t. during the nonbreeding season when t is low, dewlap extension is reduced. to determine if parallels exist between structure and function, we investigated neuron soma size and density in the preoptic area (poa) and ventromedial nucleus of the amygdala (amy), which are involve ... | 2002 | 12018934 |
| gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) neurones of triploid catfish, heteropneustes fossilis (bloch): an immunocytochemical study. | gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh), a regulator of gonadal maturation in vertebrates, is primarily secreted by neurosecretory cells of the pre-optic area (poa) in the forebrain of teleosts. gnrh-immunoreactive (gnrh-ir) cells of this area demonstrate positive correlation in number and size of soma with gonadal maturity and directly innervate the pituitary in most teleosts. gonadal development in triploid fish remains impaired due to genetic sterility. the gonadal immaturity in triploid fish m ... | 2002 | 12020653 |
| purification and characterization of an alkaline serine endopeptidase from a feather-degrading xanthomonas maltophilia strain. | a keratinolytic xanthomonas maltophilia strain (poa-1), cultured on feather meal broth, using keratin as its sole source of carbon and nitrogen, secretes several extracellular peptidases. the major serine peptidase was purified to homogeneity by a five-step procedure. its purity was evaluated by capillary zone electrophoresis. this enzyme has a molecular mass of 36 kda, an optimum ph of 9.0, and an optimum temperature of 60 degrees c. the inhibitory profile using protease inhibitors shows that t ... | 2002 | 12030707 |
| the rostral raphe pallidus nucleus mediates pyrogenic transmission from the preoptic area. | fever is the widely known hallmark of disease and is induced by the action of the nervous system. it is generally accepted that prostaglandin (pg) e(2) is produced in response to immune signals and then acts on the preoptic area (poa), which triggers the stimulation of the sympathetic system, resulting in the production of fever. actually, the ep3 subtype of pge receptor, which is essential for the induction of fever, is known to be localized in poa neurons. however, the neural pathway mediating ... | 2002 | 12040067 |
| effect of centrally injected allopregnanolone on sexual receptivity, luteinizing hormone release, hypothalamic dopamine turnover, and release in female rats. | the effect of intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of allopregnanolone (5alpha-pregnan-3alpha-ol-20-one) on the dopaminergic and reproductive function in ovariectomized rats primed with estrogen and progesterone was investigated. thirty minutes after icv allopregnanolone injection, the sexual receptivity, luteinizing hormone (lh) release, dopamine content, and release in the medial basal hypothalamus (mbh) and preoptic area (poa) were determined. after allopregnanolone injection, lh serum lev ... | 2002 | 12041918 |
| increased galanin synapses onto activated gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal cell bodies in normal female mice and in functional preoptic area grafts in hypogonadal mice. | galanin synaptic input onto gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) neuronal cell bodies was analysed in female mice using the presynaptic vesicle-specific protein, synaptophysin (syn) as a marker. in the first experiment, forebrain sections from normal ovariectomized ovarian steroid-primed mice exhibiting a surge of luteinizing hormone were processed for immunohistochemical labelling for gnrh, synaptophysin, galanin and fos. two representative sections from each brain, one passing through the ant ... | 2002 | 12047718 |
| dual-colour imaging of membrane protein targeting directed by poa semilatent virus movement protein tgbp3 in plant and mammalian cells. | the movement function of poa semilatent hordeivirus (pslv) is mediated by the triple gene block (tgb) proteins, of which two, tgbp2 and tgbp3, are membrane proteins. tgbp3 is localized to peripheral bodies in the vicinity of the plasma membrane and is able to re-direct tgbp2 from the endoplasmic reticulum (er) to the peripheral bodies. for imaging of tgbp3-mediated protein targeting, pslv tgbp3 tagged with a red fluorescent protein (dsred) was used. coexpression of dsred-tgbp3 with gfp targeted ... | 2002 | 11842260 |
| colocalization of progesterone receptors in parvicellular dynorphin neurons of the ovine preoptic area and hypothalamus. | recent evidence suggests that the dynorphin-kappa receptor opioid system acts to mediate the inhibitory effect of progesterone (p) on gnrh pulse frequency during the luteal phase of the ovine estrous cycle. it is known that progesterone receptors (prs) are required for the actions of p on gnrh secretion. therefore, if p acts directly on dynorphin (dyn) neurons, then these neurons should contain prs. to test this hypothesis, we used a dual-label immunoperoxidase procedure to visualize prs and dyn ... | 2002 | 12399433 |
| regulation of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and 67 gene expression by ovarian steroids: identification of two functionally distinct populations of gaba neurones in the preoptic area. | gaba neurones in the preoptic area (poa) are critical for oestradiol (e2)-dependent surge release of luteinizing hormone (lh); however, it is not clear which population(s) of poa gaba neurones is involved. the goals of the present studies were: (i) to determine whether e2 regulates gaba neurones similarly in two subdivisions of the poa that play a role in lh surge release, the rostral poa region that contains the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (rpoa/ovlt), and the region containing ... | 2002 | 11963828 |
| androgen effects on tyrosine hydroxylase cells in the northern leopard frog, rana pipiens. | the interaction between gonadal steroids and dopamine neurons has been examined extensively in rodent model systems. however, there have been few investigations examining the functional relation between gonadal steroids and dopaminergic systems in nonmammalian taxa, and none in amphibians. we examined the effects of testosterone (t) and dihydrotestosterone (dht) on changes in tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (th-ir) neuron number in the fore- and midbrain of male rana pipiens, the northern le ... | 2002 | 12097813 |
| role of preoptic second messenger systems (camp and cgmp) in the febrile response. | the present study aimed to test the hypothesis that a decrease in preoptic camp mediates fever. to this end, body core temperature (t(c)) of unanesthetized, freely moving rats was monitored by biotelemetry before and after pharmacological modulation of the camp pathway, and camp levels in the anteroventral third ventricular region (av3v), where the preoptic region (poa) is located, were determined. we observed that intra-poa administration of the camp agonist dibutyryl-camp (db-camp, 40 microg) ... | 2002 | 12106673 |
| sex difference and estrous cycle: expression of prolactin receptor mrna in rat brain. | the short and long forms of prolactin receptor (prl-r) mrna have been detected in the female rat brain. the present study aimed to investigate: (1) if the prl-r mrna is expressed in the male rat brain; (2) if expression levels in the female brain vary during the estrous cycle. all animals were sacrificed between 12:00 and 14:00 h. radioactive rnase protection assay was used to measure mrna levels. the results showed that both forms of prl-r mrna were expressed to varying degrees in the choroid p ... | 2002 | 12106698 |
| ethylene emission and responsiveness to applied ethylene vary among poa species that inherently differ in leaf elongation rates. | a plant's ability to produce and respond to ethylene is essential for its vegetative growth. we studied whole-shoot ethylene emission and leaf growth responses to applied ethylene in four poa spp. that differ inherently in leaf elongation rate and whole-plant relative growth rate. compared with the fast-growing poa annua and poa trivialis, the shoots of the slow-growing species poa alpina and poa compressa emitted daily 30% to 50% less ethylene, and their leaf elongation rate was more strongly i ... | 2002 | 12114591 |
| long-distance movement, virulence, and rna silencing suppression controlled by a single protein in hordei- and potyviruses: complementary functions between virus families. | rna silencing is a natural defense mechanism against genetic stress factors, including viruses. a mutant hordeivirus (barley stripe mosaic virus [bsmv]) lacking the gammab gene was confined to inoculated leaves in nicotiana benthamiana, but systemic infection was observed in transgenic n. benthamiana expressing the potyviral silencing suppressor protein hcpro, suggesting that the gammab protein may be a long-distance movement factor and have antisilencing activity. this was shown for gammab prot ... | 2002 | 12438624 |
| effectiveness of chemical sanitizers against campylobacter jejuni-containing biofilms. | survival of campylobacter jejuni in mixed-culture biofilms was determined after treatment with chemical sanitizers including chlorine, quaternary ammonia, peracetic acid (paa), and a paa/peroctanoic acid mixture (paa/poa). biofilm-producing bacteria (gram-positive rods, y1 and w1) were isolated from chicken house nipple drinkers. a meat plant isolate (pseudomonas sp.) was also included as a biofilm producer. two-day-old biofilms grown on polyvinyl chloride (pvc) plastic coupons in r2a broth at 1 ... | 2002 | 12117244 |
| inhibition of [3h]ponasterone a binding by ecdysone agonists in the intact kc cell line. | inhibition of the binding of [3h]ponasterone a ([3h]poa) by ecdysone agonists including diacylhydrazines such as rh-5849, tebufenozide (rh-5992) and methoxyfenozide (rh-2485) was examined in intact drosophila kc cells. the reciprocal logarithm of the concentration at which there is 50% inhibition of [3h]poa binding, pic(50) (m), was determined as the binding activity for all compounds from each concentration-response curve. the order of the activity was poa>20-hydroxyecdysone>cyasterone>inokoste ... | 2002 | 11755060 |
| phylogenetic relationships, strain diversity and biogeography of tritimoviruses. | north american and eurasian isolates of wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv; genus tritimovirus) and oat necrotic mottle virus (onmv; genus rymovirus) were examined. nine wsmv isolates differentially infected oat, barley, inbred maize line sdp2 and sorghum line ks56. the wsmv isolates clustered into groups based on phylogenetic analyses of the capsid protein (cp) cistron and flanking regions. wsmv isolates from the united states (us) and turkey were closely related, suggesting recent movement betwee ... | 2002 | 11907340 |
| characterization of a chitinase gene from stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain 34s1 and its involvement in biological control. | a chitinase gene was cloned on a 2.8-kb dna fragment from stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain 34s1 by heterologous expression in burkholderia cepacia. sequence analysis of this fragment identified an open reading frame encoding a deduced protein of 700 amino acids. removal of the signal peptide sequence resulted in a predicted protein that was 68 kda in size. analysis of the sequence indicated that the chitinase contained a catalytic domain belonging to family 18 of glycosyl hydrolases. three pu ... | 2002 | 11872449 |
| registration of 'blackstone' kentucky bluegrass. | 2002 | 11756300 | |
| selective regulation of glutamic decarboxylase isoform 65, but not isoform 67, in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the preoptic area of the ewe brain across the estrous cycle. | gamma-aminobutyric acid neurons in the preoptic area (poa) of the brain may regulate gnrh neurons. the level of expression of two isoforms (65 and 67) of glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad) in the ewe brain was determined across the estrous cycle by in situ hybridization. gad mrna expression (cell number and silver grains/cell) was examined in the subdivisions of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (bnst), in the diagonal band of broca, and the poa. the number of cells expressing gad(65) and gad(6 ... | 2002 | 11796509 |
| the evolutionary origins of three new neotyphodium endophyte species from grasses indigenous to the southern hemisphere. | members of the genus neotyphodium are asexual, seedborne, protective fungal endophytes of cool season grasses that have likely evolved either directly from sexual epichloë; species, or by the interspecific hybridization of distinct lineages of epichloë; and neotyphodium. we investigated the evolutionary origins of neotyphodium endophytes from several grasses that are indigenous to the southern hemisphere using a multiple-gene phylogenetic approach. intron regions of the genes encoding β-tubulin ... | 2002 | 21156542 |
| native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) from mountain grassland (cordoba, argentina) i. seasonal variation of fungal spore diversity. | arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) were studied in the rhizosphere of 3 poaceae with metabolic pathway c(3) (briza subaristata lam., deyeuxia hieronymi (hack.) türpe and poa stuckertii (hack.) parodi), 2 poaceae with c(4) metabolic type (eragrostis lugens nees and sorghastrum pellitum (hack.) parodi.), and a rosaceae (alchemilla pinnata ruíz & pav.) from a natural mountain grassland in central argentina (south america). host species, their metabolic type, seasonal changes, and grazing effects ov ... | 2002 | 21156531 |
| arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a mountain grassland ii: seasonal variation of colonization studied, along with its relation to grazing and metabolic host type. | the relationships among seasons, host metabolic type, grazing and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization were analyzed in a high south american native grassland. this study investigated seasonal changes and grazing effects on the symbiotic endomycorrhizal interaction in 5 poaceae [c(3) metabolic pathway: briza subaristata lam., deyeuxia hieronymi (hack.) türpe and poa stuckertii (hack.) parodi; with c(4) metabolic pathway: eragrostis lugens nees and sorghastrum pellitum (hack.) parodi; and a rosace ... | 2003 | 21156629 |
| mathematical modeling of allelopathy. iii. a model for curve-fitting allelochemical dose responses. | bioassay techniques are often used to study the effects of allelochemicals on plant processes, and it is generally observed that the processes are stimulated at low allelochemical concentrations and inhibited as the concentrations increase. a simple empirical model is presented to analyze this type of response. the stimulation-inhibition properties of allelochemical-dose responses can be described by the parameters in the model. the indices, p% reductions, are calculated to assess the allelochem ... | 2003 | 19330111 |
| chapter 5 sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) = intermediate nucleus = interstitial nucleus of the anterior hypothalamus (inah-1) = preoptic nucleus. | 2003 | 18808793 | |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of ultraspiracle (usp) from the rice stem borer chilo suppressalis. | cdna for ultraspiracle (usp) from the lepidopteran rice stem borer chilo suppressalis was cloned using pcr techniques. the deduced amino acid sequence of c. suppressalis usp (csusp) was very similar to those of other lepidopteran usps, especially to the manduca sexta usp-2 isoform. northern hybridization analysis detected a 6.5-kb message in the epidermis, fat body, and midgut of wandering larvae. csusp mrna expression in the epidermis varied little during the last larval instar. gel mobility sh ... | 2003 | 12459199 |
| social influences on the arginine vasotocin system are independent of gonads in a sex-changing fish. | many neuropeptide systems subserving sex-typical behavior are dependent on sex steroids for both their organization early in life and activation during maturity. the arginine vasopressin/vasotocin (avp/avt) system is strongly androgen dependent in many species and critically mediates responses to sociosexual stimuli. the bluehead wrasse is a teleost fish that exhibits a female-to-male sex change in response to social cues, and neither the development nor the maintenance of male-typical behavior ... | 2003 | 12764128 |
| role of the dorsomedial hypothalamus in thermogenesis and tachycardia caused by microinjection of prostaglandin e2 into the preoptic area in anesthetized rats. | prostaglandin e2 (pge2) acts in the preoptic area (poa) of the mammalian hypothalamus to increase body temperature and heart rate. chemical stimulation of the dorsomedial hypothalamus (dmh), a region richly innervated by neurons in the poa, evokes sympathetically-mediated increases in heart rate and body temperature. we tested the hypothesis that neurons in the dmh mediate hyperthermia and tachycardia resulting from the action of pge2 in the poa. microinjection of pge2 150 pmol/15 nl into the po ... | 2003 | 12648744 |
| mass spectrometric analysis of electrophoretically separated allergens and proteases in grass pollen diffusates. | pollens are important triggers for allergic asthma and seasonal rhinitis, and proteases released by major allergenic pollens can injure airway epithelial cells in vitro. disruption of mucosal epithelial integrity by proteases released by inhaled pollens could promote allergic sensitisation. | 2003 | 14577842 |
| genetic structure along a gaseous organic pollution gradient: a case study with poa annua l. | the population genetic composition of poa annua l. was studied by starch electrophoresis along a transect running ne from an organic reagents factory at shanghai, china. five enzyme systems were stained. we have reached the following preliminary conclusions: (1). organic pollution has dramatically changed genotypic frequencies at some loci of poa annua populations. at polluted sites, significant deviations from hardy-weinberg equilibrium were observed on loci sod-1 and me due to the excess of he ... | 2003 | 12758025 |
| generating consensus sequences from partial order multiple sequence alignment graphs. | consensus sequence generation is important in many kinds of sequence analysis ranging from sequence assembly to profile-based iterative search methods. however, how can a consensus be constructed when its inherent assumption-that the aligned sequences form a single linear consensus-is not true? | 2003 | 12761063 |
| progesterone receptor gene and protein expression in the anterior preoptic area and hypothalamus of defeminized rats. | progesterone receptor (pr) plays an important role during sexual differentiation of the rat brain. the objective of the present study was to determine pr protein and gene expression pattern in preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area (poa-aha) and hypothalamus (hyp), after estradiol or testosterone treatment during the postnatal critical period of sexual differentiation of the rat brain (defeminized animals). three-day-old female rats were subcutaneously (s.c.) injected with a single dose of 17beta-e ... | 2003 | 12918018 |
| estrogens and phytoestrogens: brain plasticity of sexually dimorphic brain volumes. | sexually dimorphic brain volumes (sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) and anteroventral periventricular (avpv) nucleus) are influenced by estrogens. phytoestrogens, derived from plants (especially soy products), are molecules structurally and functionally similar to estradiol. the purpose of this study was to examine: the consumption of phytoestrogen (using a phytoestrogen-rich (phyto-600) versus a phytoestrogen-free (phyto-free)) diets from conception to adulthood (or chan ... | 2003 | 12943716 |
| impact of dietary exposure to methoxychlor, genistein, or diisononyl phthalate during the perinatal period on the development of the rat endocrine/reproductive systems in later life. | to evaluate the impact of dietary exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs) during the sensitive period of brain sexual differentiation, maternal sprague-dawley rats were fed three representative chemicals, methoxychlor (mxc; 24, 240, and 1200 ppm), genistein (gen; 20, 200, and 1000 ppm), or diisononyl phthalate (dinp; 400, 4000, and 20,000 ppm), from gestational day 15 to postnatal day 10. soy-free diet was used as a basal diet to eliminate possible estrogenic effects from the standard ... | 2003 | 14580783 |
| role of noradrenergic fibers of the preoptic area in regulating sleep. | the preoptic area (poa) has noradrenergic (ne) terminals, and this area controls sleep apart from body temperature and reproduction. the destruction of catecholaminergic (ca) terminals in the poa produced a decrease in sleep in rats. this effect was shown to be due to the destruction of ne and not dopaminergic terminals. the rats, which were hyperthermic after the destruction of ca fibers in the poa, preferred a lower ambient temperature. though they were unable to have normal amount of sleep af ... | 2003 | 14599657 |
| -to: poa nr, cooper gjs, edgar pf: amylin gene promoter mutations predispose to type 2 diabetes in new zealand maori. diabetologia 46: 574-578. | 2003 | 14600815 | |
| a pilot study of the elder abuse questionnaire. | this descriptive study's purpose was to pilot a questionnaire with sub-scales in a population of 40 family members listed as power of attorney (poa) for residents and 40 employees of a long term care facility in rural southeastern kansas. the non-random convenience sample was 49 participants resulting in a 61.25% participation rate. the framework for the study was betty neuman systems model. neuman's variables are related to the physiological, psychological, socio-cultural, developmental, and sp ... | 2003 | 14528596 |
| neurons of the rat preoptic area and the raphe pallidus nucleus innervating the brown adipose tissue express the prostaglandin e receptor subtype ep3. | the major effector organ for thermogenesis during inflammation or experimental pyrogen-induced fever in rodents is the brown adipose tissue (bat). prostaglandin e2 (pge2) microinjection into the medial preoptic area (poa) of rats leads to hyperthermia through an increase in bat thermogenesis and induces pyrogenic signal transmission towards the raphe pallidus nucleus (rpa), a brainstem nucleus known to contain sympathetic premotor neurons for bat control. the medial poa has a high expression of ... | 2003 | 14622218 |
| six-hour selective rem sleep deprivation increases the expression of the galanin gene in the hypothalamus of rats. | the effect of short-term selective rem sleep deprivation (rsd) on the gene expression of galanin in the rat hypothalamus was examined using in situ hybridization histochemistry. monitoring an electroencephalogram (eeg) and electromyogram (emg) on an on-line computer screen, as the rsd rats entered rem sleep, they were gently stroked on their backs using a brush to wake them during the rsd period. galanin mrna levels in the preoptic area (poa) were significantly increased by rsd for a period of 6 ... | 2003 | 14625082 |
| co-existing grass species have distinctive arbuscular mycorrhizal communities. | arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi are biotrophic symbionts colonizing the majority of land plants, and are of major importance in plant nutrient supply. their diversity is suggested to be an important determinant of plant community structure, but the influence of host-plant and environmental factors on am fungal community in plant roots is poorly documented. using the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) strategy, the diversity of am fungi was assessed in 89 roots of three ... | 2003 | 14629388 |
| reduction of lipocalin-type prostaglandin d synthase in the preoptic area of female mice mimics estradiol effects on arousal and sex behavior. | in female rodents, sleep and activity levels fluctuate over the estrous cycle. when estradiol (e2) levels are highest, sleep is reduced whereas locomotion is increased. the preoptic area (poa) is a key site for estrogenic regulation of these functions. however, molecular mechanisms by which e2 acts to reduce sleep and increase activity are unclear. recently, we demonstrated a twofold reduction in lipocalin-type prostaglandin d synthase (l-pgds) transcript levels, after e2 treatment, in the ventr ... | 2003 | 14638944 |
| patterns of pain in paget's disease of bone and their outcomes on treatment with pamidronate. | two-thirds of patients with paget's disease seeking medical attention present with pain. we studied patterns of pagetic pain in relation to physical activity, and the effect of coexistent osteoarthritis (oa)/pagetic arthropathy on pain and physical activity before and after treatment with pamidronate. patients with lower-segment paget's disease (lumbar spine, pelvis or lower limbs), raised alkaline phosphatase (alp), and pain as a symptom were included. two subgroups were identified based on the ... | 2003 | 14677009 |
| distribution of glutamic acid decarboxylase, neurotensin, enkephalin, neuropeptide y, and cholecystokinin neurons in the septo-preoptic region of male rats. | neurons in the lateral septum (ls) and preoptic area (poa) are known to play an inhibitory role in feminine sexual behavior regulation in male rats. in this study, the distribution of neurons containing glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad) and of the peptidergic neurotransmitters neurotensin (nt), enkephalin (enk), neuropeptide y (npy), and cholecystokinin (cck), was examined immunohistochemically in the ls and poa of castrated male rats subcutaneously implanted with estrogen-containing silastic tu ... | 2003 | 14967951 |
| acoustic identification and measurement of activity patterns of white grubs in soil. | activity patterns of phyllophaga crinita (burmeister), phyllophaga congrua (leconte), phyllophaga crassissima (blanchard), and cyclocephala lurida (bland) grubs were monitored with acoustic sensors in small pots of bluegrass, poa arachnifera torr, at varying and constant temperatures over multiple-day periods. experienced listeners readily distinguished three types of sound with distinct differences in frequency and temporal patterns, intensities, and durations. of approximately 3,000 sounds det ... | 2003 | 14977106 |
| agricultural effects on yield and nutritive value of grassland under a limited fertilisation rate on sandy soils in flanders. | from 1999 to 2002, we studied the yield production and quality parameters of grassland installed on sandy soils (1) under normal management (nm), (2) under management with respect to meadow birds (mbm) -first mowing date 15 june or later- and (3) under botanical management (bm) -first mowing date 1 july or later. the experiments were conducted at two locations, aalter and geel. the biomass production under mbm and bm decreased by resp. 19% and 46% as compared to the nm. the nitrogen content in t ... | 2003 | 14696237 |
| the release of crosslinked peptides from type ii collagen into human synovial fluid is increased soon after joint injury and in osteoarthritis. | to determine concentrations of crosslinked c-telopeptide fragments of type ii collagen (ctx-ii) in synovial fluid (sf) from patients with joint injury, osteoarthritis (oa), or other knee arthritides. | 2003 | 14613275 |
| hypothalamic regulation of sleep and arousal. | the hypnogenic function of the rostral hypothalamic region, particularly the preoptic area (poa) was established previously on the basis of lesion, neuronal unit recording, and neurochemical and thermal stimulation studies. recent studies have mapped the locations of putative sleep-promoting neurons in the poa using c-fos immunostaining techniques and confirmed these findings with electrophysiological methods. segregated groups of sleep-active neurons have been localized in the ventrolateral poa ... | 2003 | 12957869 |
| soil community composition and the regulation of grazed temperate grassland. | the effect of the community composition of soil microbes on ecosystem processes has received relatively little attention. here we examined the variation in soil microbial composition in a yellowstone national park grassland and the effect of that variation on the growth, in a greenhouse, of the dominant grass in the community. plants and their rhizospheric soil were collected from paired, poa pratensis-dominated grassland plots located inside and outside a 40-year-old exclosure. p. pratensis abo ... | 2003 | 14513350 |
| long-term effects of clipping and nitrogen management in turfgrass on soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics: the century model simulation. | experiments to document the long-term effects of clipping management on n requirements, soil organic carbon (soc), and soil organic nitrogen (son) are difficult and costly and therefore few. the century ecosystem model offers an opportunity to study long-term effects of turfgrass clipping management on biomass production, n requirements, soc and son, and n leaching through computer simulation. in this study, the model was verified by comparing century-predicted kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis ... | 2003 | 14535310 |
| small hydroxyethylene-based peptidomimetics inhibiting both hiv-1 and c. albicans aspartic proteases. | we have extended a highly flexible method for rapidly assembling aspartic protease inhibitors to produce symmetric and asymmetric monohydroxyethylene peptidomimetics. this method is based on the prior synthesis of the central non-cleavable peptide-bond isostere [nh(2)-p(1)psip1'-nh(2); psi=hydroxyethylene isostere, hnch(bz)chohch(2)ch(bz)nh], with the possibility of accurately controlling its stereochemistry (s,s,s or s,r,s), and subsequently adding appropriate flanking units, chosen from commer ... | 2003 | 14556787 |
| the infection process of colletotrichum graminicola and relative aggressiveness on four turfgrass species. | detached 3-week-old leaves of agrostis palustris, lolium perenne, poa annua, and poa pratensis were inoculated with conidial suspensions of two isolates of colletotrichum graminicola obtained from a. palustris. inoculated leaves were incubated at 23 degrees c under high relative humidity (>95%). the infection process was investigated by light microscopy from 2 to 168 h after inoculation (ai). spore germination was observed within 2 h ai, appressoria within 6 h ai, and penetration pores within 8 ... | 2003 | 14569284 |
| sex differences and hormone influences on tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive cells in the leopard frog. | we examined sex differences in tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (th-ir) cell populations in the preoptic area (poa), suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn), posterior tuberculum (tp), and caudal hypothalamus (hy) in the leopard frog (rana pipiens), in addition to the effects of natural variation in sex steroid hormones on these same populations in both sexes. all four of these populations have been shown to be dopaminergic. gonadal sex, androgens, and estrogen all influenced th-ir cell numbers, but in ... | 2003 | 12767032 |
| sex steroid communication in the ring dove brain during courtship. | this review examines possible role of progesterone receptor (pr) and androgen receptor (ar) "cross-talk" in the expression of courtship behaviour in the ring dove (streptopelia risoria). in doves, although androgen has been mostly associated with aggressive courtship behaviour and progesterone with the initiation of incubation, progesterone administration to courting birds terminates the aggressive component of courtship whilst having no effect on nesting behaviour. recent results in doves have ... | 2003 | 12769228 |
| [effects of land utilization of sewage sludge on grass and soils]. | effects of land disposal of sewage sludge on grass and soil environment were studied. the sewage sludge used was from northern shenyang wastewater treatment plant. the results showed that contents of nutrient in the soil were increased after sewage sludge application, especially for organic matter. grass biomass were increased and the green period were extended with a better growth of the lawn. the heavy metal contents in the soil were increased with cd contents beyond 2nd grade national environ ... | 2003 | 12800658 |
| role of na+ and ca2+ channels in the preoptic lh surge generating mechanism in proestrous rats. | we studied whether na+ and ca2+ channels are involved in the neural mechanism responsible for the surge of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) in proestrous rats. in experiment 1, female rats in proestrus were i.p. injected at 1345 h with pentobarbital sodium (35 mg/kg) to block spontaneous surge of lh and electrical stimulation was applied between 1400 and 1600 h to the preoptic area (poa) together with poa injection of 0.5 microl saline containing the na+ channel blocker tetrodotoxin (ttx) a ... | 2003 | 12803234 |
| the effects of the phytoestrogen genistein on the postnatal development of the rat. | the present studies report the effects on neonatal rats of oral exposure to genistein during the period from birth to postnatal day (pnd) 21 to generate data for use in assessing human risk following oral ingestion of genistein. failure to demonstrate significant exposure of the newborn pups via the mothers milk led us to subcutaneously inject genistein into the pups over the period pnd 1-7, followed by daily gavage dosing to pnd 21. the targeted doses throughout were 4 mg/kg/day genistein (equi ... | 2003 | 12520077 |
| use of plant cell cultures to study graminicide effects on lipid metabolism. | graminicides belonging to the cyclohexanedione and aryloxyphenoxypropionate classes are well established to act by disrupting acyl lipid biosynthesis via specific inhibition of acetyl-coa carboxylase. species of grass inherently resistant to such herbicides, or biotypes of grassy weed species which display acquired resistance to recommended rates of graminicide application, are known to possess an altered plastidic multifunctional acetyl-coa carboxylase showing reduced sensitivity to these herbi ... | 2003 | 12809713 |
| bisphenol a induces both transient and permanent histofunctional alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in prenatally exposed male rats. | exposure to bisphenol a (bpa) in utero has been shown to induce alterations in the prostate of 30-d-old wistar rats. herein, we examine both the time course of bpa action on the rat prostate and the effects of bpa on the male hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. this was achieved by exposing rats to bpa in utero, followed by immunohistochemistry and morphometric analysis of prostatic tissue, evaluation of estrogen receptor-alpha (eralpha) and erbeta mrna expression in both the preoptic area (poa ... | 2003 | 12810577 |
| a retrospective study of the use of the bluegrass appliance in the cessation of thumb habits. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of the bluegrass appliance in ceasing the thumb-sucking habit. | 2003 | 14733476 |
| short-term exposure to elevated atmospheric co2 benefits the growth of a facultative annual root hemiparasite, rhinanthus minor (l.), more than that of its host, poa pratensis (l.). | the effects of elevated co2 (650 ppm) on interactions between a chlorophyllous parasitic angiosperm, rhinanthus minor (l.) and a host, poa pratensis (l.) were investigated. r. minor benefited from elevated co2, with both photosynthesis and biomass increasing, and transpiration and tissue n concentration remaining unaffected. however, this did not alleviate the negative effect of the parasite on the host; r. minor reduced host photosynthesis, transpiration, leaf area and biomass, irrespective of ... | 2003 | 12837814 |
| gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal development during the sensitive period of temperature sex determination in the pejerrey fish, odontesthes bonariensis. | the development of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) neurons was studied in relation to the sensitive period of thermolabile sex determination in the pejerrey odontesthes bonariensis, an atherinid fish from south america. fish were raised from hatching at three different temperatures: 17 degrees c (100% females), 24 degrees c (70% females), and 29 degrees c (100% males). three groups of immunoreactive gnrh (ir-gnrh) neurons were identified at the terminal nerve ganglion (tng), the midbrain t ... | 2003 | 12849968 |
| alleviation of the cytotoxic activity induced by trans10, cis12-conjugated linoleic acid in rat hepatoma drlh-84 cells by oleic or palmitoleic acid. | we showed the inhibitory effect of oleic and palmitoleic acids (oa and poa) on this trans10, cis12 (10t, 12c)-cla induced cytotoxic activity. when cells were cultured in the presence of 10t, 12c-cla, this potent cytotoxic effect on drlh-84 cells was clearly obvious when compared to the control vehicle group. it was revealed that the levels of cellular oa and poa levels decreased upon cis9, trans11 (9c,11t) or 10t, 12c-cla treatment in a time course dependent manner. oa or poa demonstrates a dose ... | 2003 | 12860277 |
| stimulation of soil nitrification and denitrification by grazing in grasslands: do changes in plant species composition matter? | stimulation of nitrification and denitrification by long term (from years to decades) grazing has commonly been reported in different grassland ecosystems. however, grazing generally induces important changes in plant species composition, and whether changes in nitrification and denitrification are primarily due to changes in vegetation composition has never been tested. we compared soil nitrification- and denitrification-enzyme activities (nea and dea, respectively) between semi-natural grassla ... | 2003 | 12955489 |
| does the detoxification of penicillin side-chain precursors depend on microsomal monooxygenase and glutathione s-transferase in penicillium chrysogenum? | the glutathione (gsh) s-conjugation of 1,2-epoxy-3-(4'-nitrophenoxy)propane was catalysed predominantly by microsomal glutathione s-transferase (mgst) in penicillium chrysogenum. the specific mgst activity unlike the cytosolic gst (cgst) activity increased substantially when the penicillin side-chain precursor phenoxyacetic acid (poa) was included in the culture medium. therefore, a microsomal monooxygenase (causing possible release of epoxide intermediates) and mgst-dependent detoxification pat ... | 2003 | 12872310 |
| poaviz: a partial order multiple sequence alignment visualizer. | summary: poaviz creates a visualization of a multiple sequence alignment that makes clear the overall structure of how sequences match and diverge in the alignment. poaviz can construct visualizations from any multiple sequence alignment source (e.g. pir and clustal formats), and is valuable for revealing complex branching structure (such as domains, large-scale insertions / deletions or recombinations), especially in partnership with the partial order alignment (poa) multiple sequence alignment ... | 2003 | 12874062 |
| effect of nitroglycerine in popliteal preparations from patients with peripheral occlusive arteriopathy precontracted with kcl or 5-hydroxytryptamine. | 1. at the present time, there are no studies in isolated arteries from patients suffering from peripheral occlusive arteriopathy (poa). in the present study, we attempt to characterize the effect of nitroglycerine (gtn) in isolated popliteal preparations obtained after leg amputation in 60-90-year-old men and women suffering from poa. 2. after surgical operation, arterial samples were stored in a refrigerator at 4 degrees c and, after 12-36 h, they were cut into rings and mounted in organ baths ... | 2003 | 12890172 |
| comparison of tall fescue (cyperales: gramineae) to other cool-season turfgrasses for tolerance to european chafer (coleoptera: scarabaeidae). | three cultivars of tall fescue, festuca arundinacea schreb., were compared with three cultivars each of fine fescue (festuca spp.), kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis l.), and perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) to evaluate tolerance to root-feeding by european chafer grubs, rhizotrogus majalis (razoumowsky). potted turfgrasses were infested with initial densities equivalent to 33 or 66 grubs per 0.1 m2 on 19 august 2000. more grubs were added in late september and october, bringing the total ... | 2003 | 14977131 |
| molecular characterization of the gnrh system in zebrafish (danio rerio): cloning of chicken gnrh-ii, adult brain expression patterns and pituitary content of salmon gnrh and chicken gnrh-ii. | the zebrafish has proven to be a model system with unparalleled utility in vertebrate genetic and developmental studies. substantially less attention has been paid to the potential role that zebrafish can play in answering important questions of vertebrate reproductive endocrinology. as an initial step towards exploiting the advantages that the zebrafish model offers, we have characterized their gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) system at the molecular level. gnrhs comprise a family of highl ... | 2003 | 12899844 |
| intracellular preoptic and striatal monoamines in pregnant and lactating rats: possible role in maternal behavior. | in many mammals, hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy and parturition produce neurochemical events that are necessary for the transition from a non-maternal state to a maternal state that occurs when infants are born. however, the nature of these events is mostly unknown. we investigated whether changes in dopamine (da) and serotonin (5-ht) activity within the preoptic area (poa) and striatum, neural sites important for some maternal behaviors, could be part of this process. female rats were s ... | 2003 | 12706256 |
| pseudoviviparous reproduction of poa alpina var. vivipara l. (poaceae) during long-term exposure to elevated atmospheric co2. | pseudovivipary is an asexual reproductive strategy exhibited by some arctic/alpine grasses in which leafy plantlets are produced in place of seeds, with genetic conservation an advantage for stress tolerators in these nutrient-poor habitats. photosynthetic metabolism and the development of this reproductive system were investigated under varying nutrient availability and predicted future co(2) partial pressure (pco(2)). poa alpina var. vivipara l., grown at present ambient pco(2) or ambient plus ... | 2003 | 12714360 |
| catechin content and consumption ratio of the collared lemming. | chemical- plant defences as mechanisms affecting herbivore populations have been debated during the past decade. several authors have questioned the hypothesis, but the present study shows that collared lemmings ( dicrostonyx groenlandicus) in northeast greenland prefer food plants with a lower catechin content. dicrostonyx species are known to have specialised on shrubs, especially dryas spp. and salix spp., rather than graminoids like other related microtines. bioassays were conducted using fo ... | 2003 | 12698346 |
| bisphenol a increases progesterone receptor immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus in a dose-dependent manner and affects sexual behaviour in adult ovariectomized rats. | recently, we reported that bisphenol a (bpa), an endocrine disrupter, increased progesterone receptor (pr) mrna in the preoptic area (poa) in adult ovariectomized rats. in the present study, we examined whether bpa also induced expression of pr proteins in both the poa and the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (vmh), and whether those proteins were involved in the induction of sexual behaviour. two weeks after ovariectomy, rats received a subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of bpa, 17 beta-oestradiol ... | 2003 | 12535155 |
| passage of progesterone into the brain changes with photoperiod in the ewe. | in this study we tested the hypothesis that photoperiod can modulate steroid access to the brain in a seasonal breeder. to this goal, we compared the passage of exogenous progesterone to the brain of female sheep maintained under short (sd) or long (ld) daylengths. in the first experiment, we studied two groups of ovariectomized females maintained under sd or ld, for three artificial cycles, consisting of bearing a subcutaneous oestradiol implant (e2-treated) and an intravaginal device releasing ... | 2003 | 12925015 |
| evidence for estrogenic regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons by glutamatergic neurons in the ewe brain: an immunohistochemical study using an antibody against vesicular glutamate transporter-2. | gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) secretion is controlled by various factors, including the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. estrogen (e) regulates gnrh secretion by means of e-responsive cells in the brain that relay the feedback effects to the preoptic area (poa). we used an antibody to vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vglut2) to label glutamatergic neurons in the areas of the ewe brain that control gnrh secretion. vglut2-immunoreactive cells were observed in the arcuate nucleus (a ... | 2003 | 12926021 |
| ability of cold-tolerant plants to grow in hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. | phytoremediation of hydrocarbons in soil involves plants and their associated microorganisms. differences in environmental conditions and restrictions on species importation mean that each country may need to identify indigenous plants to use for phytoremedation. screening plants for hydrocarbon tolerance before screening for degradation ability may prove more economical than screening directly for degradation. thirty-nine cold-tolerant plants native, or exotic and naturalized, in western canada ... | 2003 | 12929494 |
| perinatal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin alters activity-dependent expression of bdnf mrna in the neocortex and male rat sexual behavior in adulthood. | dioxin and its related compounds are suspected to cause neurological and nueroendocrinological disruption in human and laboratory animal offspring upon in utero and lactational exposure during growth and development. we tested the hypothesis by utilizing long-evans hooded rats that perinatal exposure to dioxins affects the neocortical function and expression of sexual behavior in adulthood. in the sexual behavior test, perinatal exposure to tcdd significantly reduced the number of mounts and int ... | 2003 | 12606293 |
| litter of the hemiparasite bartsia alpina enhances plant growth: evidence for a functional role in nutrient cycling. | hemiparasitic angiosperms concentrate nutrients in their leaves and also produce high quality litter, which can decompose faster and release more nutrients than that of surrounding species. the impact of these litters on plant growth may be particularly important in nutrient-poor communities where hemiparisites can be abundant, such as the sub-arctic. we tested the hypothesis that plant growth is enhanced by the litter of the hemiparasite bartsia alpina, in comparison with litter of co-occurring ... | 2003 | 12684861 |
| variation in onset of summer dormancy and flowering capacity along an aridity gradient in poa bulbosa l., a geophytic perennial grass. | variation in the onset of summer dormancy and flowering capacity of 16 populations of poa bulbosa, collected along a steep north-south aridity gradient in israel (810-110 mm rain year(-1)), was studied under controlled conditions in a phytotron (16 h daylength, 22/16 degrees c day/night) and under natural conditions in a garden experiment in a net-house. plant age at the onset of dormancy varied markedly amongst populations (7-16 weeks under controlled conditions) and was positively correlated w ... | 2003 | 12547692 |
| estradiol enhances the neurotoxicity of glutamate in gt1-7 cells through an estrogen receptor-dependent mechanism. | glutamate plays an important role in neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction through acting on the n-methyl-d-asparate receptor (nmdar) in the preoptic area (poa). however, a larger dose of glutamate is neurotoxic. estradiol (e2) increases the responsiveness of neurons to glutamate through activation and/or expression of nmdar. in order to investigate whether estradiol modulates the neurotoxic effect of glutamate on the neurons through estrogen receptor (er), immortalized gt1-7 cells, which si ... | 2003 | 12564383 |
| immunodetection and fluorescent microscopy of transgenically expressed hordeivirus tgbp3 movement protein reveals its association with endoplasmic reticulum elements in close proximity to plasmodesmata. | the subcellular localization of the hydrophobic tgbp3 protein of poa semilatent virus (pslv, genus hordeivirus) was studied in transgenic plants using fluorescent microscopy to detect green fluorescent protein (gfp)-tagged protein and immunodetection with monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against the gfp-based fusion expressed in e. coli. in western blot analysis, mabs efficiently recognized the wild-type and gfp-fused pslv tgbp3 proteins expressed in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana, but fail ... | 2003 | 12655101 |
| colocalization of progesterone receptors and thyroid hormone receptors alpha in the ovine diencephalon: no effect of estradiol. | progesterone and thyroid hormones are key hormones in the control of reproduction in the ewe since both have been shown to inhibit gnrh secretion. gnrh neurons do not express progesterone receptors (pr) but half of them contain thyroid hormone receptors alpha (thralpha), two nuclear receptors potentially able to act on gene transcription. pr and thralpha distributions overlap in most regions of the ovine preoptic area (poa) and hypothalamus. to determine whether progesterone and thyroid hormones ... | 2003 | 12624541 |
| endoprosthesis in paraplegics with periarticular ossification of the hip. | clinical study. | 2003 | 12494318 |
| preoptic area warming inhibits wake-active neurons in the perifornical lateral hypothalamus. | activation of the preoptic area (poa) warm sensitive neurons is known to promote non-rem (nrem) sleep and inhibit neuronal discharge in arousal-related brain structures. the perifornical area of the lateral hypothalamus (pf/lh) was recently recognized to be an additional important arousal promoting region. we studied the behavior of pf/lh neurons in rats during the normal sleep-wake cycle and in response to local poa warming. most pf/lh neurons were wake-active, and exhibited low discharge throu ... | 2003 | 12505669 |
| root growth and metal uptake in four grasses grown on zinc-contaminated soils. | depth and area of rooting are important to long-term survival of plants on metal-contaminated, steep-slope soils. we evaluated shoot and root growth and metal uptake of four cool-season grasses grown on a high-zn soil in a greenhouse. a mixture of biosolids, fly ash, and burnt lime was placed either directly over a zn-contaminated soil or over a clean, fine-grained topsoil and then the zn-contaminated soil; the control was the clean topsoil. the grasses were 'reliant' hard fescue (festuca brevip ... | 2003 | 12809284 |
| the curious characteristics of pyrazinamide: a review. | pyrazinamide (pza) is an important sterilising tuberculosis drug that helps to shorten the duration of current chemotherapy regimens for tuberculosis. when first discovered, it had activity in murine tuberculosis but no apparent in vitro activity, and its subsequent use in treatment depended largely on classic experiments at cornell university, which showed its requirement for an acid ph for activity and its sterilising activity in the mouse. recent studies have shown that pza enters mycobacteri ... | 2003 | 12701830 |
| hypothalamic indolamines during embryonic development and effects of steroid exposure. | the serotonin system has been implicated in the modulation of endocrine and behavioral components of reproduction. in this study, we examined endogenous hypothalamic indolamines during sexual differentiation and long-term effects of exogenous steroids during this time. in experiment 1, japanese quail were studied during the last half of embryonic development and early post-hatch. samples were taken at embryonic day 10 (e10), e12, e14, e16, hatch (day 0), and days 3 and 5, post-hatch. hypothalami ... | 2003 | 12535620 |
| central orexin a has site-specific effects on luteinizing hormone release in female rats. | orexin a stimulates gnrh release from hypothalamic explants in vitro. the sites of action of orexin a in the regulation of lh release have been investigated in vivo in ovariectomized rats that were given vehicle or estradiol benzoate (eb), with or without an injection of progesterone 48 h later. orexin a was administered intrahypothalamically under saffan anesthesia, 50 h after the eb or vehicle; its effects on plasma lh levels were monitored in sequential blood samples. orexin a (1.0 microg/sid ... | 2003 | 12810579 |