Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| sequential inhibition of progesterone: effects on sexual receptivity and associated changes in brain cytosol progestin binding in the female rat. | the purpose of this study was to examine the role of cytosol progestin receptors (cprs) in the activation of mating behavior in the estrogen (e2) stimulated, ovariectomized rat, following the administration of a dose of progesterone (p; 2.5 mg) which is sufficiently large to inhibit the re-induction of sexual receptivity by subsequent p ('sequential inhibition'). in order to control for competition by unlabeled p in our binding studies, aliquots of cytosol supernatants were passed through lh-20 ... | 1981 | 7272758 |
| pancreatic oncofoetal antigen (poa): its frequency and localisation in humans. | pancreatic oncofoetal antigen (poa) has been isolated by affinity chromatography and used to standardise an immunoassay. poa was detected in foetal serum and in 97% of sera from 75 patients with carcinoma of the pancreas. raised levels were also found in 16% of sera from 43 patients with chronic pancreatitis and in 3 of 156 patients with related conditions. using an immunoperoxidase method, poa was regularly found in the foetal pancreas and in adult carcinoma of the pancreas. weak staining was f ... | 1980 | 7279697 |
| the influence of gonadectomy, androgen exposure, or a gonadal graft in the neonatal rat on the volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area. | although the volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) of the adult rat has been shown to be modified by the hormone environment early in postnatal life, the present study was performed to clarify several fundamental questions related to this process. this study was designed to evaluate the ability of exogenous testosterone propionate (tp), or a gonadal graft, to influence sdn-poa volume in rats which were gonadectomized as neonates. orchidectomy on day 1 resulted i ... | 1981 | 7288477 |
| effect of reserpine (serpasil) and chlorpromazine (largactil) on hypothalamic nuclei of adult female rat. | the effects of reserpine (serpasil) and chlorpromazine (largactil) on preoptic area (poa), supraoptic nucleus (son) and paraventricular nucleus (pvn) of hypothalamus were studied in female rats having 4-day normal oestrus cycle. 30 rats were treated with reserpine in three doses i.e. 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg and 1.5 mg/kg body weight, whereas 20 other rats were treated with chlorpromazine in two doses i.e. 5.0 mg and 10.0 mg/kg body weight. gomori positive neurosecretory neurons of the hypothalamus were s ... | 1981 | 7304196 |
| sequential inhibition of sexual receptivity by progesterone is prevented by a protein synthesis inhibitor and is not causally related to decreased levels of hypothalamic progestin receptors in the female rat. | in the estrogen-primed ovariectomized female rat, the administration of progesterone facilitates sexual receptivity and activates proceptivity for many hours. if the progesterone dose is large (e.g., 2.5 mg), a refractory period follows, during which time animals are less sensitive to additional progesterone. this refractory period has been termed "sequential inhibition" and has been correlated previously with decreased levels of cytosol progestin receptors in the mediobasal hypothalamus-preopti ... | 1981 | 7346568 |
| neurologic injuries, paraosteoarthropathies, and human leukocyte antigens. | the distribution of human leukocyte antigens (hla) a and b has been evaluated in the circulatory lymphocytes of 68 patients with spinal cord injury and 32 with severe head injury. paraosteoarthropathy (poa) was present in 43 spinal cord injury and 23 head injury patients. hla-b 18 was found in 25.7% of the subjects with poa. among 341 healthy subjects, the frequency of hla-b 18 was 7.6%. there is a 0% frequency in patients without poa. the frequency of the hla-b 18 antigen is significantly raise ... | 1980 | 7377941 |
| evidence for the existence of a sexually dimorphic nucleus in the preoptic area of the rat. | the volume of an intensely staining component of the preoptic area of the male rat is markedly larger than that of the female. moreover, its volume in both sexes is altered by perinatal hormone exposure consistent with the view that this brain region undergoes hormone dependent sexual differentiation. the present study was carried out to determine if this sexually dimorphic area of the brain has a greater cell density than that of the surround, and if a unique population or distribution of cells ... | 1980 | 7440781 |
| excitability of female rat central gray cells with medullary projections: changes produced by hypothalamic stimulation and estrogen treatment. | 1. effects of estrogen on the excitability of 74 neurons in the central gray of the mesencephalon (cg) antidromically identified from the medulla were investigated extracellularly in female rats under urethan anesthesia. 2. the mean rate of spontaneous discharge of the identified cg cells was higher in estrogen-treated (2.9 hz) than in untreated ovariectomized rats (0.3 hz). in the estrogen-treated preparations, 18.5% of the identified cells had discharge rates exceeding 3.0 hz, while none were ... | 1980 | 7441319 |
| interruption of pseudopregnancy by rostral periventricular preoptic lesions in the female rat. | lesions made in the rostral periventricular region of the basal preoptic area (poa) effectively interrupted pseudopregnancy in female rats. however, lesions in the dorsal poa, lateral poa, nucleus and diagonal band of broca or nucleus accumbens failed to interrupt pseudopregnancy. this suggests that the rostral periventricular poa may play a stimulatory role in regulating prolactin release during pseudopregnancy. | 1980 | 7449748 |
| mounting and lordosis behavior in androgen primed ovariectomized rats: effect of dorsal deafferentation of the preoptic area and hypothalamus. | daily injections of 500 microgram testosterone propionate (tp) for 21 days induced mounting behavior in all of 10 castrated male rats and the mean mount frequency (mf) for 30 min was 32.4 +/- 6.6 (mean +/- s.e.). the same treatment with tp induced mounting behavior in 6 out of 8 ovariectomized rats (female control), but the mean mf was 2.8 +/- 0.7. eight out of 12 ovariectomized rats which received a horizontal half-circle cut anterior to the anterior commissure (anterior roof deafferentation, a ... | 1980 | 7460860 |
| the role of protein synthesis in the hypothalamic mechanism mediating pyrogen fever. | the effects of inhibition of protein synthesis by anisomycin on the pathogenesis of fever and normal thermoregulatory processes were investigated in the conscious and unrestrained cat. subcutaneous administration of 5.0-25.0 mg/kg of anisomycin prevented the fever normally evoked by an intravenous infusion of either 1.0 ml (10(8) organisms) of a 1:10 dilution of s. typhosa or 1.0-5.0 ml (3.5 x 10(5)-2.1 x 10(7) cells/ml) of endogenous pyrogen. in addition, systemic pre-treatment with anisomycin ... | 1980 | 7470943 |
| altered sexual partner preference in male ferrets given excitotoxic lesions of the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus. | numerous experiments suggest that perinatal exposure of male vertebrates to testosterone (t), or its estrogenic metabolites, masculinizes aspects of coital function, including males' characteristic preference to seek out and mate with a female as opposed to another male conspecific. other research has shown that this perinatal action of sex steroids also masculinizes aspects of neuronal morphology in the medial preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (mpoa/ah). we asked whether neurons of the mpoa/a ... | 1995 | 7472423 |
| a behavioral screen for isolating zebrafish mutants with visual system defects. | optokinetic and phototactic behaviors of zebrafish larvae were examined for their usefulness in screening for recessive defects in the visual system. the optokinetic response can be reliably and rapidly detected in 5-day larvae, whereas the phototactic response of larvae is variable and not robust enough to be useful for screening. we therefore measured optokinetic responses of mutagenized larvae as a genetic screen for visual system defects. third-generation larvae, representing 266 mutagenized ... | 1995 | 7479837 |
| photoperiod affects the expression of neural cell adhesion molecule and polysialic acid in the hypothalamus of the siberian hamster. | immunohistochemical and immunoblot procedures were used to examine the effects of inhibitory short day (sd) photoperiod on the expression of neural cell adhesion molecule (ncam) and its polysialylated form (psa-ncam) in the hypothalamus and preoptic area (poa) of the adult male siberian hamster. in animals that had undergone sd-induced gonadal regression, immunoblot analyses revealed significant reductions in the content of immunoreactive psa in anterior hypothalamic (ah) and mediobasal hypothal ... | 1995 | 7496808 |
| effect of chronic ddc treatment on lhrh and substance p amidation processes in the rat. | we examined the effects of chronic diethyldithiocarbamate (ddc) treatment on the concentrations of methionine-enkephalin, mature and unamidated forms (-gly) of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (lhrh) and substance p (sp) in various regions of the central nervous system (cns). chronic ddc treatment resulted in elevations of lhrh-gly like immunoreactivity in the preoptic area (poa) and the medial basal hypothalamus (mbh), as well as elevations in sp-gly like immunoreactivity in all areas of t ... | 1994 | 7507399 |
| spinothalamocortical projections to the secondary somatosensory cortex (sii) in squirrel monkey. | anterograde labeling of the cervical spinothalamic tract was combined with retrograde labeling of thalamocortical cells projecting to the hand region of the second somatosensory cortex (hsii) to identify likely sites in the thalamus for processing and transmitting nociceptive information to hsii. anterograde labeling of terminals was done with 2% wga-hrp injections in the cervical enlargement; thalamocortical cells were retrogradely labeled with fluorescent tracers. in one experiment, the contra ... | 1993 | 7510575 |
| molecular basis of cross-reactivity among allergen-specific human t cells: t-cell receptor v alpha gene usage and epitope structure. | cross-reactivities between the major grass pollen allergens, at the level of t-cell recognition was examined employing several lolium perenne i (lol p i)-specific human t-cell clones. nine of these lol p i-specific t-cell clones exhibited cross-recognition of the recombinant poa pratensis ix (poa p ix) allergen, rkbg7.2, indicating that these two major antigens of a grass pollen share t-cell epitopes. furthermore, proliferative responses of two other t-cell clones demonstrated that individual al ... | 1994 | 7510663 |
| recombinant allergens and diagnosis of grass pollen allergy. | to evaluate the use of recombinant allergens for the diagnosis of grass pollen allergies, we examined the levels of ige antibodies specific for grass pollen as by immunoassays. sds-page analysis of two batches of kentucky bluegrass pollen extracts demonstrated that there was considerable variability in allergen content of extracts, which in turn affected quantitation of specific ige antibodies by different immunoassay procedures. furthermore, the levels of ige antibodies in human sera specific f ... | 1994 | 7515604 |
| major allergen phl p va (timothy grass) bears at least two different ige-reactive epitopes. | it is established that most grass pollen allergens consist of several isoforms of which the function is mainly still unknown. a number of these allergens belonging to group v have been cloned, sequenced, and expressed. antigenic sites and ige-reactive epitopes of the major allergen phl p va, are unknown. we have identified the complete cdna sequence of a phl p va isoallergen by immunoscreening of a timothy grass pollen cdna library and mixed oligonucleotide primed amplification of n-terminal cdn ... | 1994 | 7520460 |
| pollen allergen homologues in barley and other crop species. | pollen from 10 agricultural plant species was surveyed for the presence of proteins crossreactive with group i, group iv and group ix allergens. barley (hordeum vulgare), maize (zea mays), rye (secale cerale), triticale (xtriticosecale cereale), oats (avena sativa), canola (brassica napus) and sunflower (helianthus annus) pollens contained numerous allergen cognate proteins. northern blot analysis of barley pollen rna revealed the presence of group i and group ix allergen transcripts. the barley ... | 1995 | 7537171 |
| effect of acute glucose antagonism on hypophyseal hormones and concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (igf)-i and igf-binding proteins in serum, anterior pituitary, and hypothalamus of ewes. | the objectives of this study were to determine whether 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2dg), a metabolic inhibitor of glucose, 1) differentially affected release of lh, growth hormone (gh) and prolactin (prl); 2) decreased anterior pituitary response to gnrh; and 3) altered concentrations of insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i) and intensity of 125i-igf-i binding to proteins (igfbps) in serum, anterior pituitary (ap), and hypothalamus (preoptic are [poa], medial basal hypothalamus [mbh], and stalk median emi ... | 1995 | 7542933 |
| activation of central gabaa-but not of gabab-receptors rapidly reduces pituitary lh release and gnrh gene expression in the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area of ovariectomized rats. | gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) exerts an inhibitory action on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) release from the hypothalamus. in vivo, this inhibitory action appears to be mediated via the gabaa receptor since in ovariectomized (ovx) rats and sheep direct application of muscimol (mus), a gabaa agonist, into the preoptic area (poa), the site were the gnrh cell bodies are located, caused an immediate reduction of lh release. this effect may be the result of an inhibition of gnrh release but a ... | 1995 | 7544879 |
| effects of progesterone on prolactin, hypothalamic beta-endorphin, hypothalamic substance p, and midbrain serotonin in guinea pigs. | unlike rats, but similar to primates, guinea pigs exhibit prolonged function of the corpus luteum and elevated progesterone secretion after ovulation. the gonadotropins, estrogen (e) and progesterone (p) have been examined throughout the guinea pig estrous cycle. however, neither prolactin secretion nor its regulation by steroid hormones has been characterized, perhaps due to the lack of a specific radioimmunoassay. beta-endorphin (be), substance p (sp), and serotonin (5-ht) increase prolactin s ... | 1995 | 7544880 |
| ige-binding trypsin inhibitors in plant pollen extracts. | in an attempt to access the possible role of protease-antiprotease mechanisms of non-immune defence in pollinosis, only low levels of trypsin-, kallikrein- or plasmin-like proteinases could be detected in aqueous pollen extracts. in contrast, several pollen species displayed appreciable trypsin inhibitory activity, e.g. parietaria, olea, ambrosia, rumex, chenopodium, holcus and poa spp. these proteins of the serpin family of anti-proteinases were found to bind specific ige-antibodies from the se ... | 1995 | 7556577 |
| preoptic area lesions disrupt prolactin-induced parental feeding behavior in ring doves. | the role of the preoptic area (poa) in mediating prl-induced parental responsiveness toward young was investigated in nonbreeding-doves with previous breeding experience. birds received microinjections of the axon-sparing excitotoxin ibotenic acid to destroy neuronal cell bodies in the poa. sham-lesioned controls received poa injections of vehicle. upon recovery, birds received subcutaneous injections of ovine prl for 7 days, followed by a 2.5-hr test with a foster squab to assess parental respo ... | 1995 | 7557926 |
| central mechanism of neural activation with cold acclimation of rats using fos immunohistochemistry. | the expression of fos protein in the rat diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum, and spinal cord was investigated using immunohistochemistry during chronic cold exposure, in order to clarify the neural regions involved in the thermoregulatory responses and the central mechanism of neural activation with cold acclimation. numerous fos-positive cells were observed in many brain regions after cold exposure and changes in the number of fos-positive cells were analyzed quantitatively. fos-positive regi ... | 1995 | 7566702 |
| selective inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase by phosphatidic acid and related lipids. | activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi 3-kinase) is necessary for stimulation of cell division and inhibition of apoptosis in several cell types. we report that a synthetic phosphonolipid, 4-(hexadecyloxy)-3-(s)-methoxybutyl phosphonic acid (poa), as well as the naturally occurring lipids, phosphatidic acid and lyso-phosphatidic acid, are potent and specific inhibitors of pi 3-kinase. the ic50's for inhibition using phosphatidylinositol as substrate ranged from 10-20 microm. poa is also ... | 1995 | 7575628 |
| differences in fos expression in the rat brains between cold and warm ambient exposures. | fos expression in the rat diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum, and spinal cord was examined after warm (33 degrees c) and cold (10 degrees c) ambient exposures. fos expression was examined with use of immunohistochemical method and the number of fos-positive neurons in each nucleus was quantitatively analyzed. when rats were exposed to cold ambient, significant number of fos-positive neurons was found in the lateral septal nucleus (ls), preoptic hypothalamic area (poa), parvocellular paraventri ... | 1995 | 7583347 |
| early development and dispersal of oligodendrocyte precursors in the embryonic chick spinal cord. | oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the vertebrate cns, originally develop from cells of the neuroepithelium. recent studies suggest that spinal cord oligodendrocyte precursors are initially localized in the region of the ventral ventricular zone and subsequently disperse throughout the spinal cord. the characteristics of these early oligodendrocyte precursors and their subsequent migration has been difficult to assay directly in the rodent spinal cord due to a lack of appropriate reagent ... | 1995 | 7600990 |
| avian neurosteroids. ii. localization of a cytochrome p450scc-like substance in the quail brain. | we have recently demonstrated that the avian brain as well as the peripheral steroidogenic glands produces pregnenolone, the main precursor of steroid hormones, on the basis of biochemical studies. therefore, the immunohistochemical and western immunoblotting analyses with a polyclonal antibody directed against the purified bovine adrenal cytochrome p450scc, which is involved in pregnenolone formation, was undertaken to investigate the localization of a cytochrome p450scc-like substance in the b ... | 1995 | 7620879 |
| concentration of chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormones i and ii in microdissected areas of turkey hen brain during the reproductive cycle. | chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormones i and ii (cgnrh i and ii) were measured by radioimmunoassay (ria) in extracts of microdissected regions of turkey hen brain (preoptic area [poa], region of periventricular nuclei [phn], septum [sep], hippocampus [hp], dorsomedial thalamus/habenula [dmt], midbrain central gray [mcg], and caudal lateral hypothalamus [lh]) at five stages of the reproductive cycle: before photostimulation, during egg laying, during incubation, during photorefractoriness, and a ... | 1995 | 7621674 |
| febrile responses induced in adrenalectomized rats by administration of interleukin-1 beta or prostaglandin e2. | 1. the present study was carried out to investigate the effect of bilateral adrenalectomy on fevers induced in rats by systemic injection of interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta) or by central injection of prostaglandin e2 (pge2). 2. intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of two doses of il-1 beta (0.5 and 1.0 microgram kg-1) induced biphasic fevers in normal control rats in a dose-dependent manner. adrenalectomized (adx) rats showed higher fevers than sham-adx rats after i.p. injection of small doses of il ... | 1995 | 7623291 |
| catecholamines in steroid-dependent brain development. | sex-specific peculiarities of catecholamine (ca) content and turnover in neuroendocrine brain areas and their modification with neonatal steroids or prenatal stress (ps) in wistar rats were studied. no changes in noradrenaline (na) content and turnover rate were found in the preoptic area (poa), meanwhile dopamine (da) turnover rates in the poa and mediobasal hypothalamus (mbh) were increased in neonatally androgenized 10-day-old females. treatment of female neonates with various catecholestroge ... | 1995 | 7626479 |
| regulation of brain androgen receptor immunoreactivity by androgen in prepubertal male ferrets. | during pubertal maturation, there is an increase in the number of androgen receptor-immunoreactive (ar-ir) cells in the preoptic area (poa), arcuate nucleus (arc), medial amygdala (mamy), and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (vmh) of the male ferret brain. in contrast, the number of ar-ir cells in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (bnst) or lateral septum (isep) does not change with pubertal development. this experiment tested the hypothesis that the pubertal increase in ar-ir cells in ce ... | 1995 | 7626721 |
| effects of fetal brain grafting on adult behavioral masculinization and defeminization in neonatally androgenized female rats. | treatment of neonatal female rats with androgen results not only in decreased female sexual behavior but also in enhanced male sexual behavior examined in adulthood. the effects of grafting fetal preoptic area (poa) neurons into the poa, and fetal hypothalamic (hpt) neurons into the ventromedial hypothalamus (vmh), were tested in neonatally androgen-sterilized rats (asr). the rats were injected subcutaneously with 80 micrograms testosterone propionate within the 24 hours after birth to see if se ... | 1995 | 7644131 |
| peptide mapping analysis of group i allergens of grass pollens. | group i allergens, from eight different clinically important grass pollens of the pooideae (rye-grass, canary, kentucky bluegrass, orchard and timothy), chloridoideae (bermuda grass) and panicoideae (johnson grass, maize) were isolated by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and subjected to limited partial proteolysis and cyanogen bromide cleavage. the generated digests were visualised on gels by silver staining. replicate gels were blotted and screened with lolp i-specifi ... | 1993 | 7691298 |
| cdna cloning of a major allergen from timothy grass (phleum pratense) pollen; characterization of the recombinant phl pv allergen. | we isolated a cdna encoding a major grass pollen allergen from a timothy grass (phleum pratense) pollen expression cdna library using allergic patients' ige. the complete cdna encoded an allergen that binds ige from about 80% of grass pollen-allergic patients. significant sequence homology was found to other major grass pollen allergens from kentucky bluegrass (poa pratense) as well as from rye grass (lolium perenne) which originally were believed to form different identities. using different mo ... | 1993 | 7691956 |
| telencephalic and diencephalic origin of radial glial processes in the developing preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus. | neuronal birth-dating studies using [3h] thymidine have indicated that neurons in the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (poa/ah) are derived primarily from progenitors in proliferative zones surrounding the third ventricle. radial glial processes are potential guides for neuronal migration, and their presence and orientation during development may provide further information about the origin of cells in the poa/ah. in addition to determining the orientation of radial glial fibers, we examined ... | 1995 | 7714527 |
| differential effects of pertussis toxin on body temperature changes induced by neuropeptide y and npy2-36. | many effects of npy have been attributed to a decrease in the activity of adenylate cyclase. pre-treatment with pertussis toxin (ptx) has been shown to inhibit many pharmacological effects of npy including increased feeding following administration in the paraventricular nucleus (pvn). in the present study, we examined the influence of ptx pretreatment on the effects of npy on body temperature following administration in the preoptic area (poa), a region which seems to be the most sensitive to t ... | 1994 | 7716271 |
| gabaa receptor activation induces gaba and glutamate release from preoptic area. | the effect of gaba receptor agonists on release in vitro of radiolabeled gaba and glutamate was studied using a crude preparation of isolated nerve terminals (neurosomes). gaba agonists were incubated (2 min, 37 degrees c) with neurosomes prepared from hypothalamus, preoptic area (poa) and frontal cortex tissues. under these conditions, gaba and the gabaa receptor agonist muscimol, but not the gabab receptor agonist baclofen, stimulated 3h-gaba and 3h-glutamate release from poa but not hypothala ... | 1995 | 7723596 |
| role of sex steroids on the survival, neuritic outgrowth of neurons, and dopamine neurons in cultured preoptic area and hypothalamus. | morphological sex differences in some discrete brain regions are thought to be developed by the influence of circulating androgen during the perinatal period. in order to know whether the effect of androgen is a direct one, cells derived from neonatal rat preoptic area (poa) and/or hypothalamus were cultured in a serum-free medium, and the effects on survival, process growth of neurons, and dopaminergic function were examined. when the poa cells were exposed to testosterone (t), neuronal surviva ... | 1994 | 7729799 |
| androgen enhances neuronal degeneration in the developing preoptic area: apoptosis in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (avpvn-poa). | perinatal treatment of female rats with androgen decreases the nuclear volume of the anteroventral periventricular nucleus of the preoptic area (avpvn-poa). in order to examine the effect of androgen on neurogenesis, bromodeoxyuridine (brdu) was given once on day 15 of gestation (= e15) to pregnant rats that also received testosterone propionate (tp) injections. when examined at e17, the number of brdu-labeled neurons in the avpvn-poa was not significantly different among control female, male, a ... | 1994 | 7729800 |
| can gonadal steroids influence cell position in the developing brain? | the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (poa/ah) is a site where hormones dramatically influence development. the poa/ah is comprised of multiple subgroups, but little is known about the derivation of these subgroups during development. results from several laboratories suggest that some cells in the poa/ah originate from progenitor cells in other regions of the developing nervous system. we are exploring pathways for migration in the developing poa/ah in two ways. first, we are examining the di ... | 1994 | 7729801 |
| hypothalamic processing of beta-endorphin in female c57bl/6j mice is altered at middle age. | beta-endorphin (beta-endo) (1-31) is the active opioid peptide product of pro-opiomelanocortin processing. further post-translational modifications of beta-endo(1-31) yield beta-endo(1-27), (1-26) and their acetylated forms which are considered to be opiate receptor antagonists. mechanistically, alteration in opiatergic properties is likely to result in the loss of a number of physiological functions including reproductive capacity. the purpose of this study was to determine whether there are ch ... | 1995 | 7738464 |
| estrogen receptor mrna levels in the preoptic area of neonatal rats are responsive to hormone manipulation. | testosterone, after conversion to estrogen, masculinizes the developing preoptic area (poa) of rats, via binding to intracellular estrogen receptors located within the poa. our previous studies have shown what seems to be a paradox, in that the levels of estrogen receptor mrna are lower in males than in females. in the present study, we examined the effects of hormone manipulations on estrogen receptor (er) mrna levels in the preoptic area of neonatal male and female rats to test the hypothesis ... | 1995 | 7743645 |
| [the effects of naloxone and electroacupuncture on the release of gnrh from female rat's preoptic area]. | by means of push-pull perfusion technique and the special radioimmunoassay we determined the gnrh concentration of the perfusates from preoptic area (poa) in ovariectomized (ovx) and intact (int) female rats, to observe the influence of naloxone and electroacupuncture (ea) on the release of gnrh and beta-endorphin from poa. the results show that the basic gnrh level of poa perfusate in ovx was 271.8 +/- 77.5pg/ml and that in int was 52.4 +/- 11.1pg/ml. there was a significant difference between ... | 1994 | 7750171 |
| effect of gabaergic compounds on gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene expression in the rat. | using a competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), the amounts of gnrh receptor (gnrhr) transcript in a discrete nucleus micropunched from rat brain slices were determined. gnrhr transcript was highly expressed in anterior pituitary >> median eminence > posterior mediobasal hypothalamus (pmbh) > preoptic area (poa) but not in cortex and posterior pituitary, which were used as control tissues. to examine the effect of gaba on gnrhr transcript level, 10 nmol of muscimol, ... | 1995 | 7750481 |
| neuromodulation of transplanted gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in male and female hypogonadal mice with preoptic area brain grafts. | implantation of normal preoptic area (poa) tissue into the third ventricle of adult hypogonadal (hpg) mice provides a source of gnrh neurons that innervate the host median eminence and stimulate reproductive development in the sterile mutants. to further evaluate graft-host integration, the effects of n-methyl-d,l-aspartic acid (nma) and opiate antagonists on lh secretion in hpg mice with poa transplants (hpg/poa) were tested. nma challenges significantly stimulated lh secretion in 10 of 11 hpg/ ... | 1995 | 7756451 |
| opioid precursor gene expression in the human hypothalamus. | using in situ hybridization histochemistry, we studied the distribution of neurons that express preproopiomelanocortin (pre-pomc), preprodynorphin (pre-pdyn), and preproenkephalin (pre-penk) gene transcripts within the human hypothalamus and surrounding structures. of the three opioid systems, pre-pomc neurons have the most restricted distribution. pre-pomc cells are most numerous in the infundibular nucleus and retrochiasmatic area of the mediobasal hypothalamus; a few labeled cells are present ... | 1995 | 7759618 |
| utilization of side-chain precursors for penicillin biosynthesis in a high-producing strain of penicillium chrysogenum. | utilization of the side-chain precursors phenoxyacetic acid (poa) and phenylacetic acid (pa) for penicillin biosynthesis by penicillium chrysogenum was studied in shake flasks. precursor uptake and penicillin production were followed by hplc analysis of precursors and products in the medium and in the cells. p. chrysogenum used both poa and pa as precursors, producing phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin v) and benzylpenicillin (penicillin g), respectively. if both precursors were present simulta ... | 1994 | 7764573 |
| uptake of phenoxyacetic acid by penicillium chrysogenum. | the uptake of phenoxyacetic acid by two different strains of penicillium chrysogenum was studied. phenoxyacetic acid (poa) was taken up by p. chrysogenum in a defined medium. plots of initial velocity of poa uptake versus external substrate concentration, in the range 2-5000 microm, gave linear plots. uptake of poa by induced and uninduced cells was identical. the initial velocity of poa uptake decreased as the ph of the suspension was increased from 5.4 to 7.2; the decrease closely paralleled t ... | 1995 | 7766092 |
| acute prenatal ethanol exposure and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone messenger rna expression in the fetal mouse brain. | ethanol exposure during critical periods of development results in alterations of central nervous system morphology and function. in this study, the effects of acute ethanol exposure on the number of neurons expressing luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh) messenger rna (mrna) has been analyzed. also, the expression of lhrh mrna in the diagonal band of broca/preoptic area (dbb/poa) was determined. pregnant c57bl/6j mice were intubated with two doses of a 25% solution of ethanol or water ( ... | 1995 | 7771642 |
| noradrenaline inhibits preoptic sleep-active neurons through alpha 2-receptors in the rat. | effects of noradrenaline (na) on the activity of sleep-related neurons in the preoptic area (poa) and the neighboring basal forebrain were examined in the rat. of 36 sleep-active neurons tested, 19 were inhibited and the other 17 were unaffected by na applied through a multibarrel pipette. the alpha 2-agonist clonidine inhibited 11 of 14 sleep-active neurons and did not affect the other 3 neurons, whereas the alpha 1-agonist methoxamine (n = 13) and the beta-agonist isoproterenol (n = 11) had no ... | 1995 | 7777223 |
| a comparison of lh secretion and brain estradiol receptors in heterosexual and homosexual rams and female sheep. | this study examined endocrine components of sexual orientation of male sheep. sexual orientation of adult rams was identified through standardized sexual performance tests. four rams that copulated with ewes, four rams that never mounted females and copulated with males, and eight ewes were used in the experiments. exogenous estradiol benzoate (50 micrograms, i.m.) stimulated (p < .05) a preovulatory-like lh surge 16-22 hr after administration to females. estradiol did not (p > .05) affect lh re ... | 1995 | 7782061 |
| n-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor messenger ribonucleic acid levels and luteinizing hormone release in immature female rats: effects of stage of pubertal development and exposure to ethanol. | this research was designed to determine 1) whether changes occur in the levels of n-methyl-d-aspartic acid (nmda) receptor (nmda-r) messenger rna (mrna) in the reproductive hypothalamus of female rats as they approach puberty, 2) whether nmda-r stimulation would promote differential lh responses during the specific stages of peripubertal development, and 3) whether ethanol (etoh), which is known to affect the nmda-r in other brain systems, can alter nmda-r-activated lh secretion at puberty. in t ... | 1995 | 7789312 |
| platelet and endothelial response with trapidil in patients with peripheral obliterative arteriopathy. | the activity of trapidil, an antiaggregating agent with pdgf antagonist properties, was investigated in order to verify its possible modulating effect in the endothelial and platelet activation. pdgf, t-pa, pai-1 and et-1 plasma levels were measured before and after a 2 month treatment period with trapidil 200 mg tablets bid or placebo in 30 patients affected by poa in fontaine stage ii. pdgf and pai-1 significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the placebo group, and pdgf also in the comparison betwe ... | 1994 | 7790757 |
| regional distinction in age-related changes of preoptic regulatory factor-1 and preoptic regulatory factor-2 mrna expression in the rat brain. | preoptic regulatory factor-1 (porf-1) and preoptic regulatory factor-2 (porf-2) are two novel neuropeptide genes expressed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. other studies have shown that these genes may play a role in steroid-dependent brain development and functions. in this study, nuclease protection assays were employed to investigate porf-1 and porf-2 mrna expression in male rat brains of different ages. the preoptic area (poa), cerebral cortex (cc), and hippocampus (hipp ... | 1994 | 7804608 |
| fever and feeding in the rat: actions of intrahypothalamic interleukin-6 compared to macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta (mip-1 beta). | the chemokines, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (mip-1) and its subunit mip-1 beta, induce an intense fever in the rat when they are injected directly into the anterior hypothalamic, pre-optic area (ah/poa), a region containing thermosensitive neurons. the purpose of this study was to compare the central action on body temperature (tb) of mip-1 beta with that of interleukin-6 (il-6), which also has been implicated in the cerebral mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of fever. following the st ... | 1994 | 7807590 |
| immunohistochemical double-labeling study of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh)-immunoreactive cells and oxytocin-immunoreactive cells in the preoptic area of the dwarf gourami, colisa lalia. | the distribution of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh)-immunoreactive (ir) cells in the preoptic area (poa) of the dwarf gourami, colisa lalia, was immunohistochemically studied. these neurons form cell columns on both sides of the common ventricle, and their axons project to the pituitary gland by forming distinct bundles. also examined was the distribution of isotocin (ist) cells in the poa by using an anti-oxytocin (oxt) serum which has been proven to crossreact with ist. these two kinds o ... | 1994 | 7808702 |
| glucocorticoid regulation of mrna encoding (na+k) atpase alpha 3 and beta 1 subunits in rat brain measured by in situ hybridization. | the effect of glucocorticoids on (na+k)atpase mrna synthesis was studied in 19 brain areas of adrenalectomized (adx) rats untreated or receiving dexamethasone (dex). for in situ hybridization, we employed a [35s]oligonucleotide probe for the alpha 3-subunit isoform, and a [3h]cdna coding for the beta 1-subunit of the enzyme. mean levels of grain density for the alpha 3 subunit mrna of dex-treated rats were significantly higher by a 't' test in medial septum, amygdala lateralis (al) and medialis ... | 1994 | 7820647 |
| changes in sleep-wakefulness after kainic acid lesion of the preoptic area in rats. | the role of the preoptic area (poa) neurons in the regulation of sleep-wakefulness (s-w) has been investigated in this study. the cell-specific neurotoxin, kainic acid (ka), was injected (0.8 microgram in 0.2 microliter) intracerebrally for lesioning of the poa. s-w was assessed (on the basis of eeg, emg, and eog recordings) for a day before bilateral lesion of the poa, and for 3 weeks after the lesion. there was an increase in wakefulness, and a decrease in all the stages of sleep after ka lesi ... | 1994 | 7823414 |
| attenuation of the expression of circadian rhythms by chronic outputs from the vmh in rats. | to alter neural networks in a restricted area of the brain, we previously developed the hydro-polymer gel (pg) implantation technique. in this study, we found that bilateral or unilateral injection of pg (1.6 microliters) into the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (vmh), contrary to injections into the preoptic area (poa) or posterior hypothalamic area (pha), severely attenuated circadian changes of locomotor activity in blinded female rats. in addition, pg injection into the vmh also sup ... | 1994 | 7824588 |
| posttranslational processing of progonadotropin-releasing hormone (prognrh) in ewes. | gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) is released from hypothalamic neurons into the hypophyseal-portal blood system following enzymatic cleavage of the decapeptide from a large precursor (prognrh) molecule. the purpose of this study was to determine whether the ability of gnrh-producing neurons to synthesize and/or process prognrh differed during physiological states associated with a suppressed and enhanced release of gnrh in ewes. tissues were collected from ovariectomized ewes (ovx, n = 4), ... | 1994 | 7828426 |
| opioid modulation of gonadotropin releasing hormone release from the hypothalamic preoptic area in the pig. | two experiments (exp) were conducted to examine in vitro the release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) from the hypothalamus after treatment with naloxone (nal) or morphine (mor). in exp 1, hypothalamic-preoptic area (hyp-poa) collected from 3 market weight gilts at sacrifice and sagittally halved were perifused for 90 min prior to a 10 min pulse of morphine (mor; 4.5 x 10(-6) m) followed by nal (3.1 x 10(-5) m) during the last 5 min of mor (mor + nal; n = 3). the other half of the explan ... | 1994 | 7828431 |
| lesions of the iodomelatonin-binding sites of the mediobasal hypothalamus spare the lactotropic, but block the gonadotropic response of male syrian hamsters to short photoperiod and to melatonin. | the aim of this study was to determine whether the iodomelatonin-binding sites identified within the preoptic area (poa) or mediobasal hypothalamus (mbh) are essential for the photoperiodic control of seasonal reproduction in male syrian hamsters. animals received sham or bilateral electrolytic lesions directed toward either the poa (poa-x; n = 11) or mbh (mbh-x; n = 12) and were then maintained on long days (16 h of light and 8 h of darkness) for at least 4 weeks before transfer to a short phot ... | 1995 | 7828525 |
| gabaergic system inducing hyperthermia in the rat preoptic area: its independence of prostaglandin e2 system. | brain temperature of conscious freely moving rats was recorded during perfusion of the preoptic area (poa) with neuroactive compounds using the microdialysis technique. unilateral perfusion of the poa with the sodium channel blocking agent, tetrodotoxin (1 microm), induced a pronounced hyperthermia. of the neuroactive compounds examined, the greatest thermogenic response to local perfusion of the poa was elicited by the gabaergic agonist, muscimol. muscimol (10, 20 and 100 microm) exhibited a do ... | 1994 | 7834374 |
| brain aromatase activity and plasma testosterone levels are elevated in aggressive male mice during early ontogeny. | testosterone (t) and estradiol (e2) are involved in intraspecific aggressive behavior. both steroids exert their effects on behaviour via the hypothalamus and the amygdala (am) of the central nervous system (cns). in these brain areas t is converted to e2, by the enzyme aromatase. both the levels of brain aromatase activity (aa) and the effects of t and e2 on aggressive behavior in adulthood depend on steroidal organization of the cns during ontogeny. in this study we measured plasma t and in vi ... | 1994 | 7842508 |
| estrogen reduces the excitability of the female rat medial amygdala afferents from the medial preoptic area but not those from the lateral septum. | electrical stimulation of the medial amygdala (amy) elicited antidromic action potentials in neurons in the preoptic area (poa) and the lateral septum (ls) of 36 urethane-anesthetized ovariectomized female rats, which were either treated with estrogen o not treated. the extracellular potentials from the two sites showed similar characteristics, with the exception of the sensitivity to estrogen: they had latencies between 3 and 35 ms. thresholds were as low as 100 microa. the mean relative refrac ... | 1994 | 7843289 |
| fever produced by interleukin-11 (il-11) injected into the anterior hypothalamic pre-optic area of the rat is antagonized by indomethacin. | a number of cytokines including the family of interleukins and the macrophage inflammatory proteins act in the brain to produce fever. the purpose of this study was to determine whether the recently discovered hematopoietic progenitor cell stimulator, interleukin-11 (il-11), alters the body temperature (tb) of the rat when the cytokine is delivered directly to the thermosensitive and pyrogen reactive region of the hypothalamus. a guide cannula for micro-injection into the anterior hypothalamic p ... | 1994 | 7845555 |
| evaluation of cytology and tumor markers of pure pancreatic juice for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer at early stages. | to evaluate the value of cytology of pure pancreatic juice (ppj) and tumor marker determination in ppj and serum for the diagnosis of early pancreatic cancer (epc), ppj was obtained endoscopically from 16 patients with epc (< 20 mm, confined to pancreas), 16 patients with chronic pancreatitis (cp), and 20 controls. cutoff levels of cea, ca19-9, and poa in ppj were set from roc curves at 40 ng/ml, 7,500 u/ml, and 1.5 u/ml, respectively. for the differentiation of epc from cp, the sensitivity of c ... | 1994 | 7846018 |
| estradiol and androgen modulate chicken luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-i release in vitro. | hypothalamic slices (1 mm) including medial basal hypothalamus and preoptic areas (mbh-poa) were taken from adult male japanese quail, placed in a short-term perifusion system, and exposed to estradiol or androgen. release of chicken lhrh-i (clhrh-i) was measured by an enzyme immunoassay specific for clhrh-i. in separate experiments, mbh-poa slices were exposed short-term to 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5 alpha-dht, 10(-7) m) and testosterone (t, 10(-7) m), and short- or long-term to 17 beta est ... | 1994 | 7849191 |
| role of neuropeptide y in the regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene expression in the rat preoptic area. | it is well documented that neuropeptide y (npy) is involved in the regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal axis. in order to determine the influence of npy on the biosynthesis of gnrh, we have studied the effects of npy and some npy analogs on gnrh gene expression in neurons in the male rat preoptic area (poa). the following peptides npy, peptide yy (pyy), [leu31,pro34]npy (a y1 receptor agonist) and npy13-36 (a y2 receptor agonist) were injected into the left lateral ventricle of adult ... | 1994 | 7854068 |
| modulation of catecholamine turnover rate in brain regions of rats exposed prenatally to morphine. | the concentration and turnover rate of brain catecholamines were measured in the hypothalamus, preoptic area (poa), frontal cortex, striatum and cerebellum of adult male and female rats exposed in utero to morphine (5-10 mg/kg/twice a day) during gestation days 11-18. norepinephrine (ne) and dopamine (da) turnover rates were estimated following alpha-methylparatyrosine (ampt) administration. prenatal morphine altered ne content and turnover in male and female rats in a regionally specific, sexua ... | 1994 | 7859073 |
| adrenalectomy alters the response of neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis to electrical stimulation of the medial amygdala. | this study was performed to characterize the effects of adrenalectomy (adx) on electrical activity and synaptic responses of bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (bnst) and preoptic area (poa) neurons, which are involved in the control of limbic-hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (lhpa) activity. adrenalectomy altered the response of bnst neurons to medial amygdala (ame) stimulation, increasing the proportion of excitatory responses and reducing the number of cells inhibited. no such effects we ... | 1995 | 7882051 |
| oviposition and development of face flies in dung from cattle on herbage and supplemented herbage diets. | dung was collected from angus cattle (bos taurus l.) fed (ad libitum) hays of endophyte-free (ef) and endophyte (acremonium coenophialum morgan-jones and gams) infected (ei) tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.), smooth bromegrass (bromus inermis leyss.), red clover (trifolium pratense l.), alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), and alfalfa-smooth bromegrass (1:1 w/w) and green-chopped kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis l.). samples of dung were subsequently collected from the same animals offered the ... | 1994 | 7886909 |
| the effect of prenatal exposure to the phytoestrogen genistein on sexual differentiation in rats. | exposure to naturally occurring estrogens during critical periods of development can alter morphologic and physiologic markers of sexual differentiation. the current experiment characterizes the effects of in utero treatment with genistein, an isoflavonoid phytoestrogen, on birth weight, anogenital distance (agd) at birth. gnrh stimulated luteinizing hormone (lh) secretion, volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus (sdn-poa), puberty onset, and vaginal cyc ... | 1995 | 7892297 |
| the effect of neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol, coumestrol, and beta-sitosterol on pituitary responsiveness and sexually dimorphic nucleus volume in the castrated adult rat. | the neonatal hormone environment influences the sexually differentiated patterns of development. estrogens, derived from intracerebral aromatization, promote male pattern development of the central nervous system. the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of neonatal exposure to environmental estrogens on luteinizing hormone (lh) secretion and development of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the medial preoptic area (sdn-poa) in castrated adult rats. neonatal rats of both sexes rece ... | 1995 | 7892299 |
| mapping of hypothalamic sites involved in the effects of npy on body temperature and food intake. | the objective of the present study was to identify hypothalamic sites that might be implicated in the effects of neuropeptide y (npy) on both body temperature and food intake. for this purpose, the effects of direct microinjections of npy in several doses (0.156-20 micrograms) into discrete hypothalamic nuclei on body temperature were examined in rats. to examine specificity of effects, food consumption of animals following injections was also measured. results indicate that the influence of npy ... | 1995 | 7895089 |
| effects of npy and npy2-36 on body temperature and food intake following administration into hypothalamic nuclei. | our previous in vivo structure-activity studies suggested that the putative receptors mediating the effects of npy and npy2-36 on food intake and body temperature are pharmacologically different [17]. in the present study, we examined and compared dose-related effects of npy and npy2-36 on ad lib food intake and rectal temperature after administration into discrete hypothalamic nuclei of the rat. results indicate that npy and npy2-36 have opposite effects on body temperature to those of npy when ... | 1995 | 7895090 |
| cytokines and thermoregulation: interleukin-9 injected in preoptic area fails to evoke fever in rats. | a number of the members of the family of cytokines including il-1, il-2, il-6, and il-11 act directly in the brain to induce a febrile response in the rat and other species. the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of interleukin-9 (il-9) when this cytokine is applied directly to the thermosensitive and pyrogen reactive region of the anterior hypothalamic, preoptic area (ah/poa). in male sprague-dawley rats, guide cannulae for microinjection into the ah/poa were implanted stereotaxica ... | 1995 | 7895096 |
| sex dimorphic alterations in postnatal brain catecholamines after gestational morphine. | the concentration of brain catecholamines was measured in the hypothalamus, preoptic area (poa), frontal cortex, cerebellum, and striatum of rats exposed in utero to morphine (5-10 mg/kg/twice daily) during gestation days 11-18. prenatal morphine induced regionally specific, sexually dimorphic alterations in male and female norepinephrine (ne), and dopamine (da) content at different postnatal ages. prenatal morphine significantly increased ne content in the hypothalamus of both sexes at postnata ... | 1995 | 7895097 |
| glutamate: a major excitatory transmitter in neuroendocrine regulation. | excitatory amino acids (eaas), such as glutamate and aspartate, are found in large concentrations in presynaptic boutons of a variety of important hypothalamic nuclei, including the arcuate nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, organum vasculosa of the lamina terminalis (ovlt) and preoptic area (poa). likewise, the different ionotropic/metabotropic eaa receptor subtypes are found in the same regions of the hypothalamus although there are differences in th ... | 1995 | 7898626 |
| is the inhibitory action of estradiol on luteinizing hormone pulse frequency in anestrous ewes mediated by noradrenergic neurons in the preoptic area? | this study tested the hypothesis that estradiol inhibits luteinizing hormone (lh) pulse frequency in anestrous ewes by increasing the activity of an inhibitory noradrenergic (ne) system that acts in the ovine preoptic area (poa). the effects of estradiol on the release of ne and other neurotransmitters in the poa were determined using intracranial microdialysis. microdialysis probes (5 mm membrane length) were inserted via chronic guide tubes into the poa. ringer's solution was pumped through th ... | 1995 | 7898633 |
| preoptic release of amino acid neurotransmitters evaluated in peripubertal and young adult female rats by push-pull perfusion. | in order to evaluate the participation of amino acid neurotransmitters (aant) in pubertal development, we measured the preoptic release rates of glutamate (glu), aspartate (asp), homocysteic acid (hca), gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba), glycine (gly), and taurine (tau) in female rats aged 26, 35 and 42 days. push-pull cannulae were implanted in the preoptic area (poa) after reinforcing the os calvarium by cementing a slightly curved 2-mm thick polyethylene plaque. four days later, 120-min perfusio ... | 1993 | 7903429 |
| prostaglandins and hypothalamic neurotransmitter receptors involved in hyperthermia: a critical evaluation. | the role of a prostaglandin of the e series (pge) in the hypothalamic mechanisms underlying a fever continues to be controversial. this paper reviews the historical literature and current findings on the central action of the pges on body temperature (tb). new experiments were undertaken to examine the local effect of muscarinic, nicotinic, serotonergic, alpha-adrenergic, or beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists at hypothalamic sites where pge1 caused a rise in tb of the primate. guide tubes for ... | 1994 | 7909592 |
| ontogenic changes in the hypothalamic levels of amino acid neurotransmitters in the female rat. | in order to evaluate the participation of several amino acid neurotransmitters (aant) in sexual maturation we measured the hypothalamic concentrations of aspartate (asp), glutamate (glu), homocysteic acid (hca), glycine (gly), taurine (tau) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) in female rats at different ages of sexual development. animals (15-, 20-, 25-, 30-, 35- and 40-day-old female rats, as well as adult diestrous rats, n = 8-10/group) were decapitated at noon; each brain was rapidly removed a ... | 1994 | 7909725 |
| release of glutamate and aspartate from the preoptic area during the progesterone-induced lh surge: in vivo microdialysis studies. | to examine the role of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters in the regulation of lh and fsh secretion in ovariectomized (ovx) adult rats treated with estradiol and progesterone, we measured the release rates of the excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters, glutamate and aspartate, as well as the neurally inactive amino acid serine in microdialysis perfusate samples of the preoptic area (poa) of the hypothalamus collected at 30-min intervals during the lh surge induced by progesterone. the conc ... | 1994 | 7911230 |
| lhrh-i release from quail hypothalamic slices measured by specific eia. | a competitive enzyme immunoassay (eia) was developed for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh), which measures either mammalian luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone or chicken lhrh-i (clhrh-i). there is negligible cross-reactivity with chicken lhrh-ii. assay sensitivity is 1 pg/ml and the intra- and interassay variation are 3.4 and 10.0%, respectively. the assay was validated for measuring clhrh-i by parallelism and quantitative recovery. using this eia, clhrh-i content was measured in m ... | 1994 | 7926649 |
| homogeneity of intracellular electrophysiological properties in different neuronal subtypes in medial preoptic slices containing the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the rat. | the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) is larger in male than in female rats, the male phenotype requiring the presence of circulating androgens perinatally. these experiments investigated the intracellular electrophysiology and morphology of sdn-poa neurons and compared these properties with those of other medial preoptic area (mpoa) neurons. biocytin-injected cells in the sdn-poa either had one or two primary dendrites, or they had multipolar dendritic arrays; dendrites ... | 1994 | 7929908 |
| isolation and characterization of group-i isoallergens from bermuda grass pollen. | two isoallergens of cyn d i were isolated using preparative isoelectric focussing, and were designated cyn d ia and b. these isoallergens differ in their pi, molecular weight (cyn d ia, 32 kd and cyn d ib, 31 kd) and their nh2-terminal sequence. four monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced using cyn d ia as antigen. these mabs recognized both cyn d ia and b. one of the mabs recognized four different pi forms of cyn d i on 2d gels. the mabs also recognized cross-reactive epitopes on proteins f ... | 1994 | 7950406 |
| aromatase activity in the preoptic area differs between aggressive and nonaggressive male house mice. | treatment with testosterone (t) or estradiol (e2) facilitates intraspecific aggressive behavior in adult rodents. brain aromatization of t to e2 appears to be involved in facilitation of fighting behavior. in the present study we measure the in vitro brain aromatase activity (aa) in the preoptic area (poa), amygdaloid nuclei (am), ventromedial hypothalamus (vmh), and parietal cortex (ctx) from two strains of adult male house mice, which were genetically selected for territorial aggression, based ... | 1994 | 7953751 |
| estrogen receptor and neurotensin/neuromedin-n gene expression in the preoptic area are unaltered with age in fischer 344 female rats. | the sensitivity of hypothalamic centers to estrogenic regulation may be impaired with age and contribute to the loss of reproductive function in female rats. here, we have tested the hypothesis that aging is associated with alterations in the level of expression of the estrogen receptor (er) gene and/or the neurotensin/neuromedin-n (nt/n) gene in the preoptic area (poa) of female rats. we have used in situ hybridization histochemistry and quantitative autoradiography to compare er gene expressio ... | 1994 | 7956921 |
| excitatory amino acids: function and significance in reproduction and neuroendocrine regulation. | excitatory amino acid neurotransmission is an essential component of the neuroendocrine transmission line that regulates anterior pituitary luteinizing hormone (lh) and follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) secretion. excitatory amino acids (eaas), such as glutamate and aspartate, are found in large concentrations in presynaptic boutons of a variety of important hypothalamic nuclei, including the arcuate nucleus, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the supraoptic nucleus, the paraventricular nucleus, and ... | 1994 | 7958168 |
| involvement of an autoregulatory mechanism for the regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) gene expression in neurons in the rat preoptic area. | to verify the hypothesis that gnrh neurons can influence each other, we have studied the effects of gnrh, a potent gnrh agonist (des-gly10, d-ala6-proethylamide9)-gnrh and a gnrh antagonist antide on gnrh gene expression in the male rat preoptic area (poa). hypophysectomized rats received into the left lateral brain ventricle either the vehicle or each of the peptides. gnrh mrna levels in neurons in poa were evaluated by quantitative in situ hybridization using a 35s-labelled 48-base oligonucleo ... | 1994 | 7970156 |
| sdn-poa volume, sexual behavior, and partner preference of male rats affected by perinatal treatment with atd. | the present study investigated 1) the importance of the aromatization process during the perinatal period for the development of the sexually dimorphic nucleus in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus (sdn-poa) of male rats, and 2) the relationship between sdn-poa volume and parameters of masculinization in male rats that were treated perinatally with the aromatase-inhibitor atd. males were treated with atd either prenatally or pre- and neonatally, or with the vehicle. masculine sexual behavior ... | 1994 | 7972405 |
| analysis of human t cell clones reactive with group v grass pollen allergens. | twenty-seven t cell clones (tcc) reactive with group v allergens of phleum pratense (phlp v) were established from the peripheral blood of 3 patients allergic to grass pollen. twenty-four tcc showed the helper cell phenotype cd3+, cd4+, cd8-; the remaining clones were cd3+cd4-cd8+. t cell recognition of phlp v was exclusively hla-dr restricted. many of the phlp v reactive tcc (19 of 27; 70%) were stimulated additionally by other group v allergens isolated from lolium perenne, poa pratensis, and ... | 1994 | 7981611 |
| facilitatory effects of testosterone on hypothalamic tachykinin levels and release. | we have reported earlier that central administration of tachykinins profoundly altered the release of pituitary lh and the direction of the lh response was modulated by gonadal steroids in male rats. to further understand the relationship between androgens and hypothalamic tachykinins, we have examined the effects of castration and of testosterone (t)-replacement on levels of neurokinin a-like immunoreactivity (nka-li) in microdissected regions of the rat hypothalamus and on in vitro release of ... | 1994 | 7982063 |
| a two-site monoclonal antibody elisa for the quantification of group v allergens in grass extracts. | a two-site solid-phase enzymimmunoassay was used for the quantification of group v allergen in grass pollen extracts in mass units. the assay is based on the monoclonal antibodies (moabs), 1d11 and 3b2 which recognize different epitopes on the standard phl p v. the moab-elisa is very sensitive (15-100 ng/ml phl p v) and highly specific for group v allergens. six pollen extracts of different grasses demonstrated parallel binding curves. the group v content ranged between 73 and 673 micrograms/ml ... | 1994 | 7982125 |
| asymmetrical changes in the choline acetyltransferase activity in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area during the oestrous cycle of the rat. | there is evidence that the cholinergic system modulates, in a circadian and asymmetric way, the neural activity involved in the regulation of ovulation. in the present study we measured choline acetyltransferase (chat) activity during the oestrous cycle in both sides of the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area (poa-aha) of the rat. the right side of poa-aha showed significant changes in chat activity during the oestrous cycle. the activity of the enzyme was higher in the right side on the day of ... | 1994 | 8003669 |
| noradrenergic inputs to sleep-related neurons in the preoptic area from the locus coeruleus and the ventrolateral medulla in the rat. | responses of sleep-related neurons in the preoptic area (poa) to stimulation of the locus coeruleus (lc) and the ventrolateral medulla (vlm), components of the reticular activating system, were recorded in the unanesthetized, head-restrained rat. single-pulse stimulation of the lc and the vlm, respectively, inhibited 50% and 54% of 30 sleep-active neurons and excited 47% and 67% of 34 waking-active neurons. the remaining neurons were mostly unaffected. seventy-three neurons that were not related ... | 1994 | 8008234 |