Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| anogenital distance at birth as a predictor of volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus and pituitary responsiveness in castrated adult rats. | variation in anogenital distance (agd) in female newborn rats depends upon androgenization secondary to transplacental/transmembraneous testosterone from adjacent intrauterine male siblings. since the size of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus (sdn-poa) and the degree of pituitary sensitivity to gnrh are neuroendocrine markers of neonatal androgenization, we compared these to agd in castrated adult male and female rats. compared to 1-day-old female rats with ... | 1992 | 1547306 |
| forage systems for beef production from conception to slaughter: i. cow-calf production. | six year-round, all-forage, three-paddock systems for beef cow-calf production were used to produce five calf crops during a 6-yr period. forages grazed by cows during spring, summer, and early fall consisted of one paddock of 1) tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.)-ladino clover (trifolium repens l.) or 2) kentucky blue-grass (poa pratensis l.)-white clover (trifolium repens l.). each of these forage mixtures was combined in a factorial arrangement with two paddocks of either 1) fescue-red ... | 1992 | 1548221 |
| aromatase as a cellular marker of testosterone action in the preoptic area. | we recently showed, using a new immunocytochemical technique, that aromatase-immunoreactive neurons are a specific marker for the sexually dimorphic medial preoptic nucleus (pom) in quail and that the number of these immunoreactive cells is markedly increased by a systemic treatment with testosterone (t). since the pom is a key site for the activation of copulatory behavior by t and this androgen must be converted into estrogen by local aromatization within the pom before it can exert its behavi ... | 1992 | 1557450 |
| interaction between ovarian and adrenal steroids in the regulation of gonadotropin secretion. | recent work from our laboratory suggests that a complex interaction exists between ovarian and adrenal steroids in the regulation of preovulatory gonadotropin secretion. ovarian estradiol serves to set the neutral trigger for the preovulatory gonadotropin surge, while progesterone from both the adrenal and the ovary serves to (1) initiate, (2) synchronize, (3) potentiate and (4) limit the preovulatory lh surge to a single day. administration of ru486 or the progesterone synthesis inhibitor, tril ... | 1992 | 1562521 |
| neuroendocrine responses to social regulation of puberty in the female house mouse. | first estrus is advanced in female house mice exposed to an adult male and delayed in those housed in groups. experiments were conducted to explore possible mechanisms by which the hypothalamus integrates these puberty-regulating social signals. female mice weaned at 21 days of age were placed in groups of 8 (g8jf), a juvenile female with a juvenile male (jfjm) or juvenile female with an adult male (jfam). all females were ovariectomized on day 28 and sacrificed on day 29. there was no significa ... | 1992 | 1565209 |
| estradiol increases the duration of nuclear androgen receptor occupation in the preoptic area of the male rat treated with dihydrotestosterone. | androgens and estrogens interact in neural tissues to regulate behavioral and neuroendocrine responses. as an initial attempt to identify the cellular level at which these steroids interact, we characterized the time course of nuclear androgen receptor (arn) occupation in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus (poa) after chronic dihydrotestosterone (dht) administration and determined whether it was modified by concurrent treatment with estradiol benzoate (eb). we found that arn levels peaked (47 ... | 1992 | 1567782 |
| proligodendroblast antigen (poa), a developmental antigen expressed by a007/o4-positive oligodendrocyte progenitors prior to the appearance of sulfatide and galactocerebroside. | evidence is presented for the immunological identification of a developmental antigen appearing at a critical point in the oligodendroglial lineage. specifically, monoclonal antibody a007 recognizes cells in the oligodendrocyte lineage at two distinct stages. analyses of purified lipid standards and lipid extracts from galactocerebroside-positive (galc+) oligodendrocytes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, lipid dot blot, and immuno-tlc demonstrated that a007 recognizes sulfatide (sul) and sem ... | 1992 | 1573402 |
| group v allergens in grass pollens: iv. similarities in amino acid compositions and nh2-terminal sequences of the group v allergens from lolium perenne, poa pratensis and dactylis glomerata. | monoclonal antibodies (ppv4) raised against phleum pratense group v allergen were used for immuno-affinity chromatography of cross-reacting group v allergens from related grass species. fractions enriched in group v allergen were obtained from lolium perenne, poa pratense and dactylis glomerata extracts. the major components in these fractions were found in the mwr range 25-28 kd. ige binding to these components was shown using a pool of grass allergic sera, by sds-page immunoblotting. these fra ... | 1992 | 1611548 |
| a comparative analysis of the neuroendocrine mechanisms regulating ovulation, affected by a unilateral implant of atropine in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area, in intact and hemiovariectomized adult rats. | the effects were analysed of a unilateral implant of atropine on ovulation in intact and hemiovariectomized adult rats, together with the response of the atropine-implanted rats to hormone replacement. an outer cannula directed to the left or right preoptic (poa)-anterior-hypothalamic area (aha) was implanted into cyclic adult rats. a group of animals in oestrus was hemiovariectomized and some were also implanted with a cannula. after two consecutive 4-day cycles, the hemiovariectomized animals ... | 1992 | 1613423 |
| prostaglandin e2 exerts an awaking effect in the posterior hypothalamus at a site distinct from that mediating its febrile action in the anterior hypothalamus. | the precise sites for prostaglandin e2 (pge2)-related activity responsible for the promotion of wakefulness and elevation of brain temperature were determined in several regions of the monkey brain. pge2 was administered through a microdialysis probe into 11 brain loci mainly in the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamic region (poa/ah) and the tuberomammillary region in the posterior hypothalamus (tum-ph). administration of pge2 into the poa/ah resulted in a marked and dose-dependent febrile respo ... | 1992 | 1613554 |
| the role of histamine in the anterior hypothalamus and its functional interaction with the hippocampus on exploratory behavior in adult male rats. | the possible effects of histamine (ha) locally applied into the preoptic area (poa) on hippocampus-mediated behaviors were studied in adult male rats. animals were double-implanted unilaterally with microinjection cannulae into poa and hippocampus (hpc). in experiment 1, ha was injected into poa and pyrilamine (h1-ha antagonist) or ranitidine (h2-ha antagonist) were microinjected into the ipsilateral hpc in two different doses. in experiment 2, ha was injected into poa and the histamine antagoni ... | 1992 | 1616603 |
| induction of ige antibodies in mice with recombinant grass pollen antigens. | in this study, recombinant poa pratensis (poa p) ix allergens were examined for their in vivo allergenicity and antigenicity. immunization of mice with a fusion protein (fp) comprising beta-galactosidase and recombinant kbg8.3 (rkbg8.3) allergen induced high titres of both igg and ige antibodies. by contrast, immunization with rkbg60.2, which represents the n-terminal fragment of rkbg8.3, induced only igg antibodies. the ige antibody titre specific to kentucky bluegrass (kbg) was significantly h ... | 1992 | 1628894 |
| neuroanatomical specificity in the autoregulation of aromatase-immunoreactive neurons by androgens and estrogens: an immunocytochemical study. | testosterone (t) increases brain aromatase activity (aa) in quail and other avian and mammalian species. it was shown both in quail and in rat that this enzymatic induction results from a synergistic action of androgens and estrogens. these studies provide little information on possible anatomical or cellular specificity of the effect. using a polyclonal antiserum against human placental aromatase, we have previously identified aromatase-immunoreactive (aro-ir) neurons in the quail brain and dem ... | 1992 | 1638401 |
| effect of hypothalamic lesions that induce precocious puberty on the morphological and functional maturation of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neuronal system. | recent evidence has implicated the transforming growth factor-alpha (tgf alpha)/epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) system in the mechanism by which hypothalamic lesions accelerate female sexual development. since acquisition and maintenance of reproductive functions depend on the secretory activity of lhrh neurons, the present studies were undertaken to characterize some of the cellular and molecular events that underlie lesion-induced activation of the lhrh neuronal network. bilateral elec ... | 1992 | 1639024 |
| response of canine brain loci to intracerebroventricular thyroxine. | the effect of intracerebroventricular t4 on certain hypothalamic i.e., poa and vmn and cortical i.e., hpc and co loci was investigated by recording their electroencepgraphic activity after chronic implantation of cannulae and bipolar electrodes in ten male dogs. recordings were made for two hours after the microinjection. the predominant pattern of eeg activity was a synchrony of brain waves in all derivations except for poa where biphasic desynchronization-synchronization was observed. final sy ... | 1992 | 1639450 |
| behavioral action of estrogen in the male dove brain: area differences in codistribution of aromatase activity and estrogen receptors are steroid-dependent. | brain aromatization of androgen to estrogen (e) and presence of estrogen-receptor (er) containing cells (erc) are required for the control of e-dependent neural events under-lying male sexual behavior. we examined whether (a) numbers of erc and steroid-inducible aromatase activity are codistributed and directly correlated in the same brain areas of individual sexually active male doves and whether, (b) distribution of erc is altered by a change in e formation in preoptic areas known to be involv ... | 1992 | 1641076 |
| poa semilatent virus, a hordeivirus having no internal polydisperse poly(a) in the 3' non-coding region of the rna genome. | rna from the hungarian isolate of poa semilatent virus (pslv) directed in vitro synthesis of 120k, 75k, 25k (coat protein) and 20k polypeptides. in vitro translation of pslv rna was blocked by the cap analogue, m7gpp, thus suggesting that the virus rna was capped. pslv rna could be aminoacylated with [14c]tyrosine in vitro. the sequence of 1.5 kb from the 3' end of the pslv rna gamma component revealed two open reading frames (orfs) separated by a uridine-rich intergenic region. the putative pro ... | 1992 | 1645144 |
| characterization and mapping of melatonin receptors in the brain of three mammalian species: rabbit, horse and sheep. a comparative in vitro binding study. | melatonin receptors were characterized in the brains of three mammals (rabbit, horse and sheep) by an in vitro binding technique, using 2-[125i]iodomelatonin as labelled ligand. although binding sites for melatonin have been described recently in several vertebrate species (including the sheep), the rabbit and the horse have not been the subject of investigation so far. apart from characterization, the present report describes receptor distribution in a number of brain regions, thus allowing for ... | 1991 | 1645852 |
| effects of deoxycorticosterone treatment on beta-subunit mrna for (na + k)atpase in brain regions determined by in situ hybridization. | 1. we have used in situ hybridization techniques to determine the mrna for (na + k)atpase in 20 brain regions from control rats and rats treated with high doses of deoxycorticosterone (doc). 2. doc-treated rats developed a salt appetite following the second hormone administration on alternate days and were used after the fourth doc administration. 3. doc treatment did not change the number of silver grains/cell deposited in cells from ca1, ca2, ca3, and ca4 hippocampal subfields, dentate gyrus, ... | 1991 | 1651164 |
| the bovine preoptic area and median eminence: sites of opioid inhibition of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone secretion. | autoradiography was used to quantify opioid receptors in the median eminence (me) and preoptic area (poa) of the brain of eight heifers, and in vitro perifusion of me and poa tissue from seven cows and heifers was used to examine the release of lhrh after administration of naloxone (nal). for quantitative receptor autoradiography, [3h]nal was used as the radioligand and nal or morphine as competitors. specific binding of [3h]nal in poa and me resulted in linear scatchard plots with similar equil ... | 1991 | 1657852 |
| effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor agonists and antagonist on lhrh-synthesizing neurons as detected by immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization. | gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) is thought to play an important role in the regulation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh) release but its role in the regulation of lhrh gene expression and lhrh synthesis is not known. we hypothesized that since gaba appears to have primarily inhibitory effects on lhrh cells (at the level of the cell body), gaba may act to decrease lhrh gene expression and peptide synthesis. this hypothesis was tested by examining the effect of gaba receptor activatio ... | 1991 | 1661682 |
| preoptic-brainstem connections and maternal behavior in rats. | this study presents evidence supporting the view that preoptic area (poa) projections through the ventral tegmental area (vta) to lower brainstem regions are important for maternal behavior in postpartum rats. experiment 1 demonstrated that bilateral coronal knife cuts posterior to the vta disrupted maternal behavior, and experiment 2 demonstrated a similar disruption when a unilateral knife cut that severed the lateral connections of the medial poa was paired with a contralateral knife cut post ... | 1991 | 1663755 |
| synthesis of chiral and achiral pyranenamine derivatives. potent agents with topical ocular antiallergic activity. | the ss, rr and meso stereoisomers of pyranenamine sk&f 84210 were synthesized stereospecifically starting from commercially available (r)-(-)- or (s)-(+)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol. in addition, two achiral pyranenamines 19 and 26 were also synthesized. when evaluated by intravenous and topical routes in the rat passive ocular anaphylaxis (poa) assay, (ss)- and meso-2 as well as achiral compounds 19 and 26 were found to be more potent antiallergic agents than (rr)-2. | 1991 | 1671418 |
| hypothalamic sites of catecholamine inhibition of luteinizing hormone in the anestrous ewe. | norepinephrine (ne) and dopamine (da) actively inhibit the release of lh in anestrous ewes. this can be detected as an increase in lh pulse frequency following i.v. injection of ne and da antagonists. the objective of this study was to determine the sites of these inhibitory actions in the ovine hypothalamus by using local administrations of the ne antagonist, phenoxybenzamine (pbz), or the da antagonist, pimozide (pim), into specific hypothalamic areas. each neurotransmitter antagonist was admi ... | 1991 | 1673066 |
| excitatory amino acid modulation of lordosis in the rat. | microinfusion of the excitatory amino acid agonist n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) into the mediobasal hypothalamus (mbh) significantly reduced lordosis in estrogen plus progesterone-treated female rats at 10 min post-infusion with recovery to pretest values by 30 min (p less than .05; wilcoxon). microinfusion of the specific nmda antagonist d,l2-amino-5-phosphonopentoic acid (ap-5) into the same sites was without effect on lordosis responding of fully receptive females. there was also a significant ... | 1991 | 1678153 |
| the pre- and postnatal influence of hormones and neurotransmitters on sexual differentiation of the mammalian hypothalamus. | a number of brain structures and a great number of brain functions have been shown to be sexually dimorphic. it has also been shown that development and differentiation of these structures and functions proceeds during a critical pre- and postnatal period of increased susceptibility, and is controlled by gonadal steroids and neurotransmitter substances. the brain of male and female mammals seems to be still undifferentiated before the period of increased susceptibility to gonadal steroids and ne ... | 1991 | 1684787 |
| influence of neurotransmitters on sexual differentiation of brain structure and function. | newborn rats received daily subcutaneous treatment with compounds which influence serotoninergic, cholinergic, alpha-adrenergic and beta-adrenergic activity. in adulthood luteinizing hormone (lh) secretion pattern, female sexual behavior, and the volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic are (sdn-poa) were determined. postnatal administration of l-tryptophan increased the volume of the sdn-poa significantly when given alone or when given simultaneously with testosterone propionate ... | 1991 | 1685710 |
| norepinephrine neurons in mouse locus coeruleus express c-fos protein after n-methyl-d,l-aspartic acid (nmda) treatment: relation to lh release. | in mouse, rat, and monkey, n-methyl-d,l-aspartic acid (nmda) modulates gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) release by an unknown mechanism. in previous studies we found that normal male mice consistently responded to nmda administration with increased levels of plasma lh, as did most normal female mice and female hypogonadal mice with fetal preoptic area implants (hpg/poa). to investigate the mechanism of nmda-induced gnrh release, immunocytochemistry of c-fos protein (fos) was used for detect ... | 1991 | 1686742 |
| mapping of epitopes on poa p i and lol p i allergens with monoclonal antibodies. | allergen poa p i isolated from the dialysed aqueous extract of kentucky blue grass pollen by affinity chromatography with an anti-lol p i murine monoclonal antibody (mab) 290a-167 was previously shown to consist of a 35.8-kilodalton (kd) component with a pi of 6.4, designated as poa p ia, and a 33-kd component with a pi of 9.1, designated as poa p ib. the present study reports on the comparative antigenic analyses of these two components, using mabs produced separately against poa p i and lol p ... | 1990 | 1693910 |
| sexual maturation modifies the catecholaminergic control of gonadotrophin secretion and the effect of ovarian hormones on hypothalamic neurotransmitters in female rats. | alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (alpha-mt), a competitive inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase, was used to block the synthesis of hypothalamic catecholamines in immature female rats of 14, 16 and 30 days of age and in castrated adults. the administration of alpha-mt (300 mg/kg body weight, free base) induced a significant decay in the hypothalamic content of norepinephrine (ne) and dopamine (da) within the first 120 min. a second dose (150 mg/kg body weight), given 2 h after the first injection, did not f ... | 1990 | 1702190 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of three cdnas coding for poa p ix isoallergens of kentucky bluegrass pollen. | grass pollen allergens are one of the major causes of type i allergic reactions (allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, allergic bronchial asthma, and hayfever) in temperate climates afflicting 15-20% of a genetically predisposed population. workers have found considerable physico- and immunochemical heterogeneity within the grass pollen allergens which has made them difficult to purify for both therapeutic uses and further biochemical study. we recently reported the construction of a cdna library in lam ... | 1991 | 1702432 |
| the genes encoding nerve growth factor and its receptor are expressed in the developing female rat hypothalamus. | nerve growth factor (ngf), its messenger rna (mrna) and its receptor protein and mrna are found in several brain regions. little attention has been given to the possibility that the hypothalamus, which controls the endocrine system, may produce ngf and/or express ngf receptors. this would indicate the existence in this brain area of neuronal populations which are either target for ngf-responsive cells or sensitive to ngf, respectively. blot hybridization of polyadenylated (poly(a)+) rna to a mou ... | 1991 | 1708076 |
| distribution of substance p, gnrh, met-enkephalin in the central nervous system of the pig. | the distribution of substance p (sp), gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) and met-enkephalin in the brain and spinal cord of the domestic pig is described for the first time. the levels of sp, gnrh and met-enkephalin were measured by specific radioimmunoassays in various regions of the brain and spinal cord of the pig. substance p and met-enkephalin are widely distributed within the central nervous system of the pig. high levels of sp were found in the preoptic area (poa), suprachiasmatic area ... | 1991 | 1714337 |
| extracellular serotonin levels change with behavioral state but not with pyrogen-induced hyperthermia. | extracellular 5-ht in the anterior hypothalamus/preoptic area (ah/poa) and caudate nucleus of the freely moving cat was measured using in vivo brain microdialysis. administration of 8-oh-dpat, a 5-ht1a receptor agonist that decreases 5-ht neuronal activity, decreased extracellular 5-ht in both brain areas. extracellular 5-ht levels were also examined in relationship to the sleep-wake cycle, because previous data from our laboratory have indicated that behavioral state is the primary determinant ... | 1991 | 1715390 |
| differential effects of cytokines on thermosensitive neurons in guinea pig preoptic area slices. | this study was undertaken to determine whether the reported different courses of the febrile responses to the cytokines interleukin-1 beta (il-1), interferon-alpha 2 (ifn), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf) might have neuroelectrophysiological correlates. the reactions of individual thermosensitive neurons in the preoptic area (poa) were evaluated by recording their extracellular single-unit firing rates (fr) in slices of guinea pig poa perfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid (acsf), hu ... | 1991 | 1719827 |
| corticocortical inputs to the dorsal and ventral aspects of the premotor cortex of macaque monkeys. | recent cytoarchitectonic, histochemical and physiological studies have shown that the lateral part of area 6 (the premotor cortex) of macaque monkeys can be divided into at least two subregions, each of which is considered to play an important role in motor control. one lies in the dorsal aspect of the premotor cortex (pmd) medial to the spur of the arcuate sulcus, and the other in the ventral aspect of the premotor cortex (pmv) lateral to it. since there is little information on the corticocort ... | 1991 | 1721118 |
| allergenic and antigenic cross-reactivities of group ix grass pollen allergens. | the allergenic and antigenic cross-reactivities between a major recombinant poa pratensis (poa p) ix allergen, rkbg8.3, and its corresponding proteins of different grass pollens were examined. immunoblotting of the proteins of thirteen different grass pollens using anti-rkbg8.3 antibodies indicated that poa p ix-like proteins are present in ten other grass pollens, albeit in variable amounts and polymorphic forms. these proteins ranged in size from 20 to 88 kda in different grass pollens. the pe ... | 1991 | 1721609 |
| long-term pinealectomy alters hypothalamic serotonin metabolism in the rat. | in the present study, the effects of long-term pinealectomy on tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht or serotonin), 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid (5-hiaa), and tryptophan hydroxylase and monoamine oxidase activities were studied in preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus (poa-ah) and in the medial and posterior hypothalamus of the rat. after pinealectomy, 5-ht levels decreased significantly in medial hypothalamus but increased in the poa-ah. the levels of 5-hiaa decreased significantly in the poa-ah ... | 1991 | 1721935 |
| estrogen receptor-immunoreactive glia, endothelia, and ependyma in guinea pig preoptic area and median eminence: electron microscopy. | the presence of estrogen receptors (ers) in nonneural cells in brain, including glia, ependyma, and endothelia, has not previously been documented with electron microscopy. this study employed immunocytochemistry to investigate whether er immunoreactivity (er-ir) is present in glial, ependymal, or endothelial cells in the medial preoptic area (poa) and median eminence (me) in the brain of gonadally intact female guinea pigs. tissue sections through these regions were immunostained with monoclona ... | 1992 | 1727710 |
| properties of the mentha strain of lychnis ringspot virus. | a hordeivirus isolated from horsemint (mentha longifolia huds.) was designated as the mentha strain of lychnis ringspot virus (lrsv-m) on the basis of serological relationship with the type strain (lrsv-t) and similarities in nucleotide sequence and properties of genomic and replicative rnas of the two strains. four ssrnas in addition to the three genomic rnas were encapsidated by lrsv-m coat protein. no genomic sequence similarity was detected between lrsv-m and either barley stripe mosaic or p ... | 1992 | 1740382 |
| anorexia and adipsia: dissociation from fever after mip-1 injection in ventromedial hypothalamus and preoptic area of rats. | certain cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (tnf) and interleukin-1 (il-1) act centrally to affect eating behavior and thermoregulation and may be involved in the physiological mechanisms leading to anorexia, adipsia and loss in body weight. the newly discovered macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (mip-1) infused into the anterior hypothalamic, preoptic area (ah/poa) evokes an intense hyperthermia. the present experiments were designed to determine whether mip-1 affects the feeding mechanism i ... | 1991 | 1742616 |
| regulation of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone and neuropeptide y concentrations by progesterone and corticosteroids in immature rats: correlation with luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone release. | in a previous study, we demonstrated that progesterone (p4) and the synthetic glucocorticoid triamcinolone acetonide (ta), but not cortisol, could induce lh and fsh release in estrogen-primed ovariectomized immature rats. therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if the stimulatory effect of p4 and ta on lh and fsh release were associated with changes in gnrh or npy concentrations in the medial basal hypothalamus (mbh) or preoptic area (poa). ovariectomized immature rats primed with ... | 1991 | 1749457 |
| fever induced by macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (mip-1) in rats: hypothalamic sites of action. | the purpose of this study was to clarify the central site of action as well as functional characteristics of the febrile response of the cytokine, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (mip-1). guide cannulae for microinjection were implanted stereotaxically in the rat just above the pyrogen and thermosensitive area of the anterior hypothalamic, preoptic area (ah/poa). following postoperative recovery, the body temperature of each rat (tbo) was monitored during an experiment by a colonic thermistor ... | 1991 | 1756389 |
| post-rolandic cortical projections of the superior temporal sulcus in the rhesus monkey. | the efferent connections of different cytoarchitectonic areas of the superior temporal sulcus (sts) in the rhesus monkey with parieto-temporo-occipital cortex were investigated using autoradiographic methods. four rostral-to-caudal subdivisions of cortex (area tpo) in the upper bank of the sts have distinct projection patterns. rostral sectors (areas tpo-1 and -2) project to the rostral superior temporal gyrus (areas ts1, ts2, and ts3), insula of the sylvian fissure, and parahippocampal gyrus (p ... | 1991 | 1761745 |
| hypothermia and feeding induced simultaneously in rats by perfusion of neuropeptide y in preoptic area. | changes in the body temperature (tbo) of the unrestrained rat as well as the hyperphagic-like ingestion of food were simultaneously determined during the sustained elevation of neuropeptide y1-36 (npy) within the anterior hypothalamic preoptic area (ah/poa). a single guide tube was implanted stereotaxically in each rat for repeated perfusions by means of push-pull cannulae of either the csf solvent vehicle or npy. following postoperative recovery, each site in the ah/poa was perfused for 6.0 min ... | 1991 | 1763096 |
| sexual dimorphism of the human brain: myth and reality. | many neuroanatomical sex differences have been identified in both animals and humans, which may form the neural bases for sex-specific behavior and reproductive as well as non-reproductive functions. the present essay gives a brief review of the findings on sex differences in the human brain. our observations on the human hypothalamus revealed that the shape of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn)--a structure involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms and reproductive cycles--is elongated in ... | 1991 | 1778230 |
| endogenous opioid suppression of luteinizing hormone pulse frequency and amplitude in the ewe: hypothalamic sites of action. | evidence suggests that endogenous opioid peptides (eop) inhibit pulsatile luteinizing hormone (lh) secretion during both the luteal and follicular phases of the ovine estrous cycle. further data from sheep and other species indicate that the hypothalamus is the primary site of action for this eop inhibition. the purpose of the following experiments was to determine which areas of the hypothalamus are involved in the eop inhibition of pulsatile lh secretion. regularly cycling ewes (n = 10) were s ... | 1991 | 1784345 |
| gonadotropin-releasing hormone mrna in the rat: distribution and neuronal content over the estrous cycle and after castration of males. | the decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) stimulates release of luteinizing hormone (lh) and follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) from the anterior pituitary. in the present study we used a 51-base oligonucleotide probe and in situ hybridization to study the neuronal content of gnrh mrna at several time points in the estrous cycle and 7 days after castration of male rats. gnrh mrna containing cells were found in the medial septum (sept), the vertical and horizontal limbs of the diagona ... | 1991 | 1793175 |
| responses of pre-optic area to intracerebroventricular thyroxine and thyrotropin in dog brain. | electroencephalographic activity (eeg) of pre-optic area (poa) was recorded after intracerebroventricular (icv) microinjection of thyroxine (t4) and thyrotropin (tsh) in conscious male dogs. recordings were made for two hours following microinjections. biphasic responses with increased amplitude were observed in both the treatments, but chronologically the responses obtained with t4 & tsh were opposite to each other. | 1991 | 1812106 |
| microimplants of estradiol in the sexually dimorphic area of the hypothalamus activate ultrasonic vocal behavior in male mongolian gerbils. | the hormonal control of ultrasonic vocal behavior in the male mongolian gerbil was examined by comparing the behavioral effects of androgen with those of estrogen administered to the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area (poa-ah) in castrates. by measuring radioactivity released from solid "floating" poa-ah microimplants (mean diameter, 141 microns) of testosterone (3h-t, mean weight, 880 ng) in experiment 1, we found that the steroid had a concentration gradient which fell rapidly from the edge o ... | 1991 | 1813379 |
| possible action of intracerebroventricular thyrotropin on brobeck's hypothesis. | the effect of icv administered tsh on brobeck's thermostatic hypothesis was evaluated by recording chronological changes in electrical activity of precise loci (poa, vmn and co) coupled by rectal temperature changes in dogs. the study revealed 1. tsh action on thermoregulation is biphasic in nature. 2. this action of tsh is not an independent act but depends on the reaction of satiety centre. | 1991 | 1819554 |
| intraperitoneal injections of prostaglandin e2 attenuate hyperthermia induced by restraint or interleukin-1 in rats. | 1. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the intraperitoneal (i.p.), intravenous (i.v.) or intrapreoptic area (poa) injection of prostaglandin e2 (pge2) on the body temperature of restrained and unrestrained rats. the effect of i.p. pge2 on the body temperature of rats during fever induced by i.p. injection of interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta) was also investigated. 2. prior to injection, restrained rats had body temperatures of approximately 1 degree c higher than unrestrained ... | 1991 | 1822555 |
| medroxyprogesterone acetate and the nuclear uptake of testosterone and its metabolites by brain, pituitary gland and genital tract in male cynomolgus monkeys. | the synthetic progestin, medroxyprogesterone acetate (mpa), is used to treat male sex offenders, and it is also suppresses sexual activity in male monkeys. to examine the possibility that mpa may act as an anti-androgen in the primate brain, 4 intact male cynomolgus monkeys were given mpa (40 mg i.m.) once a week for 16 weeks, while 4 control males received i.m. injections of vehicle. all males were then castrated and 3 days later were given 3 mci [3h]testosterone ([3h]t) i.v.; 1 h after injecti ... | 1991 | 1825470 |
| rat brain xenografts reverse hypogonadism in mice immunosuppressed with anti-cd4 monoclonal antibody. | this study examines the effect of immunosuppression with monoclonal antibodies (mab) against the murine cd4 (l3t4), a cell surface glycoprotein expressed primarily on helper t-lymphocytes, on the viability and function of rat neural xenografts placed in the third ventricle of hypogonadal (hpg) mice. the hpg mouse fails to synthesize hypothalamic gonadotrophin releasing hormone (gnrh) and consequently there is a drastic reduction in pituitary gonadotrophic hormone content and a failure of postnat ... | 1991 | 1832105 |
| the effect of neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol, genistein, and zearalenone on pituitary responsiveness and sexually dimorphic nucleus volume in the castrated adult rat. | the neonatal hormone environment determines the sexually differentiated pattern of brain growth. estrogens, derived from intracerebral aromatization of testosterone, promote male sexual central nervous system (cns) development. developing animals may also encounter estrogens from plant, fungal, and xenobiotic sources (environmental estrogens). the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of environmental estrogens on the physiology and morphology of the hypothalamus and pituitary. neonata ... | 1991 | 1836392 |
| expression of a higher plant psba gene in synechocystis 6803 yields a functional hybrid photosystem ii reaction center complex. | the psba gene codes for the d1 polypeptide of the photosystem ii reaction center complex and is found in all photosynthetic organisms that carry out oxygenic photosynthesis. here we describe the construction and characterization of a strain of the cyanobacterium synechocystis sp pcc 6803 in which the three endogenous psba genes are replaced by a single psba gene from the chloroplast genome of the higher plant poa annua. the resulting chimeric strain, kwpas, grows photoautotrophically with a doub ... | 1991 | 1840918 |
| an update on thermosensitive neurons in the brain: from cellular biology to thermal and non-thermal homeostatic functions. | ts neurons in the brain, particularly in the poa, play a central role in thermoregulation, based on the good correlations between the activity of ts neurons and the thermoregulatory responses. such relationships have been observed during (1) thermal (hypothalamic and peripheral) and (2) pharmacological (amines, neuropeptides, cytokines, and exogenous drugs) stimulations, (3) during modulation of neural inputs from extrapoa brain regions, and (4) during actual thermoregulatory responses. in vitro ... | 1991 | 1857014 |
| dissociation of hyperthermic and hyperglycemic effects of central prostaglandin f2 alpha. | we previously reported that intraventricular prostaglandins (pgs) produced hyperthermia and hyperglycemia in anesthetized rats. however, the relationship of them is little known. we examined the relationship between hyperthermia and hyperglycemia induced by intraventricular pgf2 alpha using curarized and adrenal demedullated rats. iv curare completely prevented the pgf2 alpha-induced hyperthermia, but enhanced the hyperglycemic effect of pgf2 alpha. adrenal demedullation completely prevented the ... | 1991 | 1862225 |
| gabaergic control of receptivity in the female rat. | gabaergic neurotransmission has been implicated in the control of the steroid-dependent behavior, lordosis. gaba has dual effects on lordosis: it facilitates lordosis through actions in the medial hypothalamus (mhyp) and it inhibits lordosis through actions in the preoptic area (poa). in the present study, gonadally intact and ovariectomized female rats were behaviorally tested with a sexually active male. brains were removed from sexually receptive female either 1 or 24 h after behavioral testi ... | 1991 | 1870664 |
| effects of exogenous steroids on androgen receptors in fetal guinea pig brain. | we treated pregnant guinea pigs on day 50 of gestation with 10 mg testosterone propionate (tp), obtaining fetuses 2, 4, 8, or 18 h later as well as after 5 days of treatment. in a second group of pregnant guinea pigs, dihydrotestosterone propionate (dhtp), estradiol benzoate (e2b), progesterone (p), or cortisol was given 2 h before obtaining fetuses. although tp treatment elevated fetal serum t (p less than 0.05), brain cytosolic androgen receptor (arc) content was unchanged in fetuses of either ... | 1991 | 1873381 |
| an aid to stop thumb sucking: the "bluegrass" appliance. | a nonpunitive fixed appliance utilizing a teflon (e.i. du pont de nemours and co., inc., wilmington, de) roller is described. the appliance is used in conjunction with a program of positive reinforcement in managing thumb sucking in children 7-13 years of age. it has been used successfully in 24 children, with no cases requiring reinsertion. | 1991 | 1881818 |
| area-specific hormonal regulation of brain aromatase. | in vitro experiments were conducted to compare the steroid regulation of aromatase in preoptic and posterior hypothalamic areas. kinetic analysis of aromatase activity in the preoptic area (poa) and posterior hypothalamus (ahp) of castrated and intact doves indicate that both areas have a similar, high substrate affinity (apparent km less than 15 nm), but castration decreases the vmax to a greater extent in poa than ahp. this differential effect was confirmed using a single substrate (10 nm) con ... | 1991 | 1889004 |
| involvement of catecholaminergic systems in the zona incerta in the steroidal control of gonadotrophin release and female sexual behaviour. | previous reports have shown that dopamine (da) in the zona incerta (zi) has a stimulatory effect on gonadotrophin release. we have now investigated the possibility that steroids exert their feedback effects on the release of luteinizing hormone (lh) via catecholamine systems in the zi. since the same steroid regimes also stimulate female sexual behaviour, the possibility that the zi is also involved in the control of sexual activity was investigated. lesions in the zi increased proceptive and re ... | 1991 | 1901630 |
| brain aromatization of testosterone in the male syrian hamster: effects of androgen and photoperiod. | estrogen formed by aromatization of testosterone (t) is involved in the activation of sexual behavior and control of the neuroendocrine system in the male syrian hamster. our study examined whether daylength influences formation of estrogen in the preoptic area (poa) and other neuroendocrine areas (anterior hypothalamus, aht, and medial amygdala, ma) which are targets for t in behaviorally active males. estrogen formation in individual brain samples was assayed in vitro using the stereospecific ... | 1991 | 1901634 |
| high perfusate po2 impairs thermosensitivity of hypothalamic thermosensitive neurons in slice preparations. | the thermosensitivity of neurons in the preoptic area (poa) of guinea pigs was examined in slice preparations during perfusion with artificial cerebrospinal fluid (acsf) gassed with 95% o2/5% co2 (95% o2-acsf) or 21% o2/5% co2/74% n2 (21% o2-acsf). perfusate po2, pco2, and ph of 95% o2-acsf measured in the incubation chamber were, respectively, 402.9 mmhg, 39.1 mmhg, and 7.38; those of 21% o2-acsf were 154.0 mmhg, 33.1 mmhg, and 7.41. all the thermosensitive neurons (n = 6) originally identified ... | 1991 | 1904788 |
| ethanol induced electroencephalographic changes from certain central loci of canine brain. | effect of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) ethanol on pre-optic area (poa) and hippocampus (hpc) was investigated by recording chronological changes in their electroencephalographic (eeg) activity, through chronically implanted cannulae and bipolar electrodes, in five conscious male beagle dogs. recordings were made for two hours after microinjection and compared with cortical (co) tracings. the predominant pattern of eeg activity from subcortical loci was high voltage discharges though synchron ... | 1991 | 1917008 |
| convergence from the preoptic area and arcuate nucleus to the median eminence in acupuncture and nonacupuncture point stimulation analgesia. | lesion of the preoptic area (poa) or medial arcuate nucleus (m-harn) abolished acupuncture analgesia (aa). potentials in the median eminence (me) evoked by stimulation of the acupuncture point (ap) were not affected by lesion of either the poa or m-harn alone, but were abolished by concurrent lesion of both. no analgesia was produced by stimulation of the poa. analgesia produced by stimulation of the m-harn was abolished by lesion of the poa, and the abolished analgesia was restored by concurren ... | 1991 | 1933397 |
| effects of ewe breed and management system on efficiency of lamb production: iii. meat characteristics. | effects of management system, ewe breed, sex, and legume grazing on cooking and sensory characteristics and shear force of lamb meat were estimated from data collected on animals produced in three management systems. system 1 lambs were born in late fall and fed to slaughter on a concentrate diet. system 2 lambs were born in january and february and grazed pure stands of alfalfa or ladino clover after weaning. system 3 lambs were born in march and april and remained with their dams on native blu ... | 1991 | 1938639 |
| transforming growth factor alpha contributes to the mechanism by which hypothalamic injury induces precocious puberty. | it has long been known that lesions of the hypothalamus lead to female sexual precocity. while an increased production of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh), the neurohormone that controls sexual development, appears to mediate the advancement of puberty induced by these lesions, little is known about the mechanism(s) by which hypothalamic injury activates lhrh secretion. since brain lesions result in accumulation of neurotrophic/mitogenic activities in the injured area, we tested the ... | 1991 | 1946396 |
| hypothalamic indomethacin fails to block fever induced in rats by central macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (mip-1). | this investigation examined the extent to which the activity of a prostaglandin (pg) in the anterior hypothalamic, preoptic area (ah/poa) of the rat plays a role in the intense fever induced by macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (mip-1) applied directly to this anatomical region. for the microinjection of both a pg synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin, and mip-1 into sites within the ah/poa, guide cannulae were implanted chronically just above this pyrogen-reactive region. postoperatively, the body ... | 1991 | 1946595 |
| characterization of the major allergen of cynodon dactylon (bermuda grass) pollen, cyn d i. | an allergen from cynodon dactylon (bermuda grass) pollen, cyn d i, has been purified by a combination of concanavalin a-sepharose affinity chromatography, and carboxymethyl-sepharose chromatography. the allergen constitutes the major allergenic component of the pollen extract as observed by immunoelectrophoretic techniques, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, an ige-inhibition experiment, and skin testing. in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, cyn d ... | 1991 | 1955635 |
| gene expression for estrogen and progesterone receptor mrnas in rat brain and possible relations to sexually dimorphic functions. | a clear neuroendocrine sex difference lies in the ability of the female rat to produce an ovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone. preoptic neurons, as they respond to estrogen and progesterone, have been proven to be involved in this mechanism, with an emphasis on the possible participation of neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus and the suprachiasmatic portion of the preoptic area (poa). further, prominent morphological sex differences have been reported in the rat medial poa. t ... | 1991 | 1958549 |
| involvement of organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis and preoptic area in interleukin 1 beta-induced acth release. | intravenous administration of recombinant human interleukin 1 beta (il-1 beta, 1 micrograms/100 g body wt) resulted in a marked elevation of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth) levels, with peak levels at 10 min, in conscious unrestrained rats. one week after the placement of a lesion by radiofrequency or microinjection of kainic acid in the organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis (ovlt) but not in subfornical organ, acth response to intravenous il-1 beta was enhanced, whereas both radiofr ... | 1990 | 1967907 |
| pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in normal female mice and in hypogonadal female mice with preoptic area implants. | pulsatile lh secretion is driven by gnrh, the hypothalamic hormone that is lacking in the hypogonadal mutant mouse. preoptic area grafts containing gnrh neurons correct many reproductive deficits in hypogonadal mice. in this study we evaluated the pattern of lh secretion in hypogonadal female mice with preoptic area grafts (hpg/poa) and in normal female mice. normal females were ovariectomized at 10 weeks of age, and hpg/poa mice were ovariectomized 4 months after graft surgery. three weeks late ... | 1991 | 1989874 |
| differential regulation of brain aromatase by androgen in adult and fetal ferrets. | the contribution of androgens to the regulation of aromatase activity (aa), measured by quantifying the in vitro formation of [3h]estrone from 19-[3h]hydroxyandrostenedione precursor, was studied in equivalent microdissected brain regions of adult and fetal ferrets. in adulthood, aa was similar in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, medial (m) and lateral (l) preoptic area (poa), medial (ma) and lateral amygdala (la), ventromedial hypothalamus (vmh), and parietal cortex of gonadectomized ma ... | 1991 | 1999145 |
| effects of ewe breed and management system on efficiency of lamb production: ii. lamb growth, survival and carcass characteristics. | lamb growth, survival and carcass characteristics were compared for progeny of either 1/2-suffolk, 1/2-rambouillet (western) ewes or 1/2-suffolk, 1/4-rambouillet, 1/4-finnsheep (1/4-finn) ewes produced over 3 yr in three different management systems. system 1 lambs were born in late fall and fed to slaughter on a concentrate diet. system 2 lambs were born in january and february and grazed pure stands of alfalfa or ladino clover after weaning. system 3 lambs were born in march and april and rema ... | 1991 | 2005017 |
| the participation of histaminergic receptors of the rostral hypothalamus on the tonic release of luteinizing hormone (lh) in adult spayed rats under estrogen and progesterone treatment. | the influence of histaminergic sites in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area (poa-aha) on the basal release of luteinizing hormone (lh) under a continuous regimen of estradiol, progesterone, or both was studied in ovariectomized rats. different groups of animals were subjected to the following experimental schedule: at day 1, rats received a s.c. silastic implant filled with oil, estradiol, progesterone, or estradiol plus progesterone. seven days later (day 7), animals were implanted into the ... | 1991 | 2018632 |
| effects of n-methyl-d,l-aspartic acid on luteinizing hormone secretion in normal mice and in hypogonadal mice with fetal preoptic area implants. | many aspects of reproductive function are corrected in hypogonadal mice with preoptic area grafts (hpg/poa). gonadotropin release and gonadal development are dependent on the presence of gnrh cells within the grafts and gnrh innervation of the median eminence. this study examined the effect of a known modulator of gnrh secretion, n-methyl-d,l-aspartic acid (nma), in adult normal and hpg/poa male and female mice. all hpg/poa males had significant testicular development after graft surgery, and mo ... | 1991 | 2019260 |
| a comparison of treatment outcomes for black patients and white patients with metastatic breast cancer. the piedmont oncology association experience. | prior studies have shown that black patients with breast cancer have poorer survival times compared with white patients even when adjusted for stage. seventy-four black patients treated on six piedmont oncology association (poa) protocols were compared with 74 randomly selected white patients treated with the same protocols to determine if race had any independent effect on response, time to progression, or survival time. patients were evenly matched for pretreatment characteristics with the exc ... | 1991 | 2025850 |
| postnatal development of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and cyclophilin gene expression in the female and male rat brain. | the rat preoptic area-anterior hypothalamic continuum (poa-ah) contains about 400-800 neurons that express the decapeptide gnrh and the 56-amino-acid gnrh-associated peptide. originating from the olfactory placode, these neurons migrate and establish their final distribution and connections in the poa-ah several days before birth. the aim of the present study was to examine whether the biosynthesis of the mrna encoding the precursor (prognrh) common to gnrh and gnrh-associated peptide undergoes ... | 1991 | 2036956 |
| a study of 8 year neonatal deaths (1982-1989) of toa payoh hospital. | a study of 233 neonatal deaths out of 30910 livebirths over an 8 year period in the toa payoh hospital is done. the hospital has since ceased providing obstetric and neonatal intensive services from april 1990 due to restructuring of hospital care. the neonatal mortality rates (nnmr) from 1982-1989 ranged from 6.52 to 9.55 and there was no significant fall in trend (p = 0.13). one hundred and thirteen (48.5%) neonates who died were below 1500gm (vlbw). various causes of neonatal deaths were exam ... | 1991 | 2042075 |
| immunologic characterization of a recombinant kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) allergenic peptide. | a recombinant peptide of kentucky bluegrass (kbg) pollen was synthesized as a fusion protein (fp) in escherichia coli by recombinant dna procedures and was compared with its natural counterparts with respect to its allergenic properties. the fp was demonstrated to bind to the ige antibodies (abs) of greater than or equal to 95% of 55 individual sera examined. a positive correlation (r = 0.90) was observed between the levels of ige abs corresponding to the fp and the grass-pollen extract(s). with ... | 1991 | 2045614 |
| synergistic induction of aromatase activity in the rat brain by estradiol and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone. | estrogens are produced locally from androgen precursors by cells within the hypothalamus and preoptic area (poa). the activity of the aromatase enzyme complex responsible for this intracellular conversion is controlled by gonadal steroids. the purpose of this study was to determine: (1) whether estrogen acts together with androgen to regulate aromatase activity (aa) and (2) whether nuclear androgen receptor levels are increased after exposure to combined treatment with estradiol benzoate (eb) an ... | 1991 | 2046863 |
| [value and limitations of neoplasm markers in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma]. | in the last decades several markers of pancreatic neoplasia have been proposed to obtain a diagnosis as earlier as possible. prerequisites of a good tumor marker are high sensitivity and specificity. among the various substances, serum determination of pancreatic enzymes has been found of no utility in early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, due to its lack in sensitivity and specificity. similar results with ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease. oncofetal antigens (cea and poa) have been initially ... | 1991 | 2047559 |
| retinofugal projections to the hypothalamus, anterior thalamus and basal forebrain in hamsters. | in part a of the study, the retinal inputs to the hypothalamus, anterior thalamus and basal forebrain of syrian hamsters were studied using intraocular injections of horseradish peroxidase conjugated to cholera toxin (ct-hrp). in the hypothalamus, the heaviest retinal input was to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn), however, many labeled fibers coursed through the scn to reach more caudal, periventricular and lateral sites including the anterior and lateral hypothalamus, the paraventricular nucle ... | 1991 | 2049607 |
| bombesin produces hypothermia in rats pretreated with 2-deoxy-d-glucose. | previous research has shown that microinfusion of bombesin into the preoptic area (poa) decreases core body temperature in rats that are food-deprived or made hypoglycemic with insulin. the present study employed 2-deoxy-d-glucose, a competitive inhibitor of glycolysis, to further investigate the importance of a reduction in glucose utilization in the production of bombesin-induced hypothermia. rats (n = 7) were pretreated with 2-dg (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg; ip) followed by bombesin (100 ng/1. ... | 1991 | 2049613 |
| identification and characterization of the poa p ix group of basic allergens of kentucky bluegrass pollen. | we reported previously the primary structure of three full-length cdna clones that encode a new group of ige-binding proteins of kentucky bluegrass (kbg) pollen, designated as poa p ix. in the present study we have further characterized the cloned poa p ix proteins, identified the corresponding proteins in kbg pollen extract, and determined their antigenic relationships with other known grass pollen allergens. a recombinant ige-binding polypeptide rkbg7.2 that represents the c-terminal fragment, ... | 1991 | 2051020 |
| age-related deficits in brain androgen binding and metabolism, testosterone, and sexual behavior of male rats. | brain androgen binding and metabolism, serum testosterone (t), and sexual behavior were measured in old and young male fischer 344 rats. after completion of sexual behavior tests, blood was collected for t assay and brains were removed for simultaneous measurements of cytosolic (arc) and nuclear (arn) androgen receptors and aromatase activity (aa) in the preoptic area (poa), hypothalamus (hyp) and amygdala (amg). in experiment 1, old and young intact males were examined. none of the old males ej ... | 1991 | 2052127 |
| comparative neuroanatomy of the sexually dimorphic hypothalamus in monogamous and polygamous voles. | in the present work we evaluated the degree of sexual dimorphism in two cell groups of the medial preoptic-anterior hypothalamus (mpoa-ah) in monogamous and polygamous voles. quantitative determinations were made of volume, cell number, and cell density for the anteroventral-periventricular nucleus (avpv) and the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa). polygamous montane voles (microtus montanus) had a greater degree of sexual dimorphism in both cell groups than did monogamous ... | 1991 | 2054639 |
| prenatal ethanol and the prepubertal sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area. | the volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus (sdn-poa) was determined in 14-31-day-old male and female rats whose mothers received a liquid diet containing 5% w/v ethanol from day 8 of gestation to parturition. pair-fed dams received as a nutritional control an equal volume of an isocaloric liquid diet with maltose-dextrin in place of ethanol. normal controls had laboratory rat chow and water available ad lib. the sdn-poa volume of ethanol-exposed males w ... | 1991 | 2062918 |
| ventromedial hypothalamus as a target for oestradiol action on proceptivity, receptivity and luteinizing hormone surge of the ewe. | most of the literature suggests that in sheep as in rodents nervous structures involved in female sexual behaviour are not necessarily identical to those involved in the lh surge. in rodents, oestradiol triggers female sexual behaviour by acting on a restricted area of the mediobasal hypothalamus whereas the concomitant induction of the preovulatory lh surge is at least partially under the control of more anterior structures. the central sites of oestradiol action, however, remained poorly defin ... | 1991 | 2070261 |
| neonatal testosterone masculinizes sexual behavior without affecting the morphology of the dorsal preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area of female ferrets. | we examined whether testosterone (t) administered to female ferrets neonatally--a treatment known to enhance masculine coital capacity--induces formation of the sexually dimorphic male nucleus in the dorsal preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (mn-poa/ah), and/or sensitizes dorsal poa/ah neurons to the stimulatory effect of later androgen treatment on somal dimensions. in males, the mn-poa/ah was present in all subjects, and exposure to androgen following castration at postnatal day 56 (p56) incr ... | 1991 | 2070265 |
| estradiol binding in the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area of adult male ferrets and in the equivalent region of females. | a large number of estradiol-concentrating cells were visualized by autoradiography in a subpopulation of large neurons located in and around the sexually dimorphic male nucleus of the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (mn-poa/ah) of castrated male ferrets and in a comparable dorsal portion of the poa/ah of ovariectomized females. considerably fewer estradiol-labelled cells were seen in the non-dimorphic ventral poa/ah nucleus of both sexes. estrogen binding in cells in or around the mn-poa/ah ... | 1991 | 2070266 |
| ontogeny of the sexually dimorphic male nucleus in the preoptic/anterior hypothalamus of ferrets and its manipulation by gonadal steroids. | a sexually dimorphic nucleus exists in the dorsal region of the ferret preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (poa/ah), and is called the male nucleus of the poa/ah (mn-poa/ah) because it is found only in males. development of the mn-poa/ah was studied in male ferrets, and for comparison a sexually nondimorphic ventral poa/ah nucleus was studied in both sexes. the mn-poa/ah was conspicuous in males as early as embryonic day 37 (e37) of a 41-day gestation, and its volume increased until postnatal da ... | 1990 | 2077101 |
| ovine white-liver disease (owld). botanical and chemical composition of pasture grass. | the most important grass species on the ovine white-liver disease (owld) pastures (s) were poa spp., agropyron repens and lolium perenne, while the control pastures (h), where lambs grew well, consisted of poa spp., festuca rubra and agrostis tenuis. the soil was more acidic on the h pastures as compared with the s pastures. owld grass (s grass) contained marginal to deficient amounts of cobalt during the first 2 months of grazing. during 2 years out of 3, the average co content was slightly low ... | 1990 | 2080770 |
| serum tumor markers for pancreatic carcinoma. | various biochemical substances are being evaluated for use as serum tumor markers of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. the currently established markers, ca 19-9 and poa, have an important but limited role in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. the role could be expanded if the specificity of these tests for pancreatic cancer could be increased, and this may be possible for each of these tests if several recent findings can be confirmed. most of the new tumor markers are blood-group-related sub ... | 1990 | 2100561 |
| two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analyses of kentucky bluegrass and rye grass pollen allergens. detection with a murine monoclonal anti-poa p i antibody and amino terminal amino acid sequence of poa p i allergen. | allergenic extracts of kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) and rye grass (lolium perenne) pollen were shown by 2-dimensional (2-d) gel electrophoresis to consist of several hundred protein components. the pollen extracts of the two related grasses had unique 2-d gel patterns. two major grass pollen allergens, poa p i and lol p i, and their isoforms (i.e. isoallergens) were detected and localized on 2-d gels by immunoblotting with anti-poa p i antibody mab 60. poa p i isoallergens were less acidic ... | 1990 | 2101126 |
| a biophysical study of posttraumatic ectopic ossification. a case report. | sites of ectopic ossification (eo) due to sports injury in a long-distance runner were biopsied and analyzed. the mineral content was compared to that of normal adult bone and to paraosteoarthropathy (poa) using biophysical methods. the degree of mineralization of bone tissue (dmbt) was employed as an evaluation of maturity of calcified tissue. fluoride and carbonate content were determined. the crystal lattice dimensions expressed by the a and c parameters, crystal size, and/or lattice perfecti ... | 1990 | 2112077 |
| pyrazinamide and pyrazinoic acid activity against tubercle bacilli in cultured human macrophages and in the bactec system. | pyrazinamide (pza) has become an essential component of current 6-month regimens for therapy of tuberculosis. susceptible strains of tubercle bacilli convert pza to pyrazinoic acid (poa) through pyrazinamidase (pzase), which resistant strains and mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guérin lack. pza susceptibility results obtained in cultured human macrophages were compared with those in the broth bactec system with 7h12 medium at ph 6.0 for strains known to be pzase-positive or -negative. altho ... | 1990 | 2113074 |
| reduced aminergic synthesis in the hypothalamus of the infertile, genetically diabetic (c57bl/ksj-db/db) male mouse. | diabetes mellitus is commonly associated with reproductive neuroendocrinopathy in both humans and animal models for the disease. diabetes-associated reproductive failure in the male is a result of multilevel dysfunction within the hypothalamo-pituitary-testicular axis. in view of the known effects of diabetes on hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) and gonadotropins in chemically-induced animal models for diabetes, we examined hypothalamic aminergic activities (important to the reg ... | 1990 | 2121514 |