Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| pain modulatory actions of cytokines and prostaglandin e2 in the brain. | proinflammatory cytokines such as il-1, il-6, and tnf alpha are known to enhance nociception at peripheral inflammatory tissues. these cytokines are also produced in the brain. we found that an intracerebroventricular injection of il-1 beta only at nonpyrogenic doses in rats reduced the paw-withdrawal latency on a hot plate and enhanced the responses of the wide dynamic range neurons in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis to noxious stimuli. this hyperalgesia, as assessed by behavioral and neuronal ... | 1998 | 9629255 |
| cytokines and fever. | fever is induced in response to the entrance of pathogenic microorganisms into the body and is thought to be mediated by cytokines. because these pathogens most commonly invade the body through its natural barriers and because body temperature is regulated centrally, these mediators are presumed to be produced peripherally and transported by the bloodstream to the brain, to act. it is generally considered that their febrigenic messages are further modulated there by prostaglandin e2 (pge2). howe ... | 1998 | 9629288 |
| comparison of afferent and efferent competence of transplanted gnrh cells in the brains of hypogonadal female mice. | a deletion in the gene encoding gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) induces hypogonadism in mice caused by the deficiency of gnrh. activation of the reproductive axis can be achieved in these hypogonadal (hpg) mice by third cerebro-ventricular transplantation of preoptic area (poa) containing gnrh neurons, obtained from normal fetal mice. the present study was carried out in female hpg mice with poa grafts (hpg/poa) to investigate anatomical integration of the gnrh cells required for the funct ... | 1998 | 9630394 |
| the medial preoptic and anterior hypothalamic regions of the rhesus monkey: cytoarchitectonic comparison with the human and evidence for sexual dimorphism. | examination of thionin-stained sections through the hypothalamus of the rhesus monkey revealed nuclei that resemble the first, second and third interstitial nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus (inah1-3) of the human. volumetric analysis of these nuclei in a small sample of monkeys suggests that the nucleus that resembles inah3 is larger in males than in females. inah1-3 have each been reported to be larger in men than in women and each has been considered as a potential candidate for homology wi ... | 1998 | 9630719 |
| estradiol elevates protein kinase c catalytic activity in the preoptic area of female rats. | estrogen acts in the brain to regulate female reproductive physiology and behavior, and protein kinase c (pkc) is estrogen-regulated in many estrogen-responsive tissues. we examined whether estrogen regulates pkc in the hypothalamus (hyp) and preoptic area (poa), brain regions which mediate estrogenic control of female reproductive function. pkc activity in tissue from hormone-treated and control female rats was measured, in the presence of phorbol ester and calcium, by quantifying 32p incorpora ... | 1998 | 9645675 |
| multiple forms of gnrh are released from perifused medial basal hypothalamic/preoptic area (mbh/poa) explants in birds. | both chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormones i and ii (cgnrh i and ii) were detected in abundant quantity by radioimmunoassay of extracts of japanese quail medial basal hypothalamic/preoptic area (mbh/poa) fragments that included the median eminence (me) region. however, in radioimmunoassayed extracts of japanese quail me alone, the concentration of cgnrh i greatly exceeded that of cgnrh ii (approximately 450 pg/me vs < 10 pg/me). likewise, cgnrh i and ii were released into perifusates from quai ... | 1998 | 9653026 |
| effects of tamoxifen, fluphenazine and estradiol on atp levels in preoptic area and hypothalamic slices from ovariectomized rats. | tamoxifen, the major adjuvant drug treatment for estrogen-dependent breast cancer, has been shown previously to affect both estrogen-dependent and calcium/calmodulin-dependent pathways. in the current study, we developed an in vitro slice system to study the effects of tamoxifen on atp levels in hypothalamic (hth) and preoptic areas (poa) of the rat brain. baseline data showed that, following a 2-h incubation, hth and poa slices had comparable atp levels to hippocampal slices, a system used exte ... | 1998 | 9666135 |
| reproductive endocrinopathy in acute streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. studies on lhrh. | streptozotocin-(stz) treated diabetic male rats have significant reproductive endocrinopathy. to determine the functional responsiveness of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh) neurons in stz-treated diabetic male rats, stimulated lhrh release was assessed using hypothalami from short-term stz-treated, stz-treated insulin-replaced, and control male rats. lhrh release from control, stz-treated, and stz-treated, insulin-replaced explants in response to an initial and second 30-min pulse of ... | 1998 | 9666343 |
| effects of diabetes and estradiol on norepinephrine release in female rat hypothalamus, preoptic area and cortex. | these studies determined whether diabetes and estradiol treatment altered norepinephrine (ne) release from hypothalamus, preoptic area (poa), and cortical slices from ovariectomized (ovx) female rats. animals were sacrificed 12 days after the onset of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and 48 h following vehicle or estradiol injection. brain slices were preloaded with 3h-ne, and release was evoked twice (s and s2) by electrical stimulation. diabetes increased hypothalamic ne release during s1 regar ... | 1998 | 9695936 |
| preoptic avt immunoreactive neurons of a teleost fish with alternative reproductive tactics. | recent reports have implicated an important role for arginine vasotocin (avt) in the socially mediated sexual differentiation of fishes. this study focuses on the plainfin midshipman (porichthys notatus) which exhibits two male morphs, type i and type ii, differing in a suite of behavioral, neurobiological, and endocrine traits. immunocytochemical techniques were used to detect neurons containing avt-like peptide in the forebrain of juveniles, adult females, and type i and type ii males. avt imm ... | 1998 | 9707473 |
| injury to murine airway epithelial cells by pollen enzymes. | pollens are important triggers for asthma but the mechanism of sensitisation to their proteins remains poorly understood. the intrinsic protease activity of some allergens may contribute to sensitisation by disrupting the integrity of the airway epithelial barrier. pollens release a variety of enzymes, including proteases, upon hydration. the hypothesis that such enzymes might be able to damage airway epithelial cells was therefore tested. | 1998 | 9708228 |
| detection and quantification of group 4 allergens in grass pollen extracts using monoclonal antibodies. | grass pollen extracts are complex mixtures consisting of different major allergenic and non-allergenic components. phl p 4 is an important allergen, because more than 75% of grass pollen allergic patients produce specific ige antibodies against group 4 allergens. | 1998 | 9720813 |
| macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta induces dexamethasone-unresponsive fever in rats. | it has been hypothesized that endogenous glucocorticoids represent an important negative feedback system involved in the modulation of cytokine-induced fever through the inhibition of prostaglandins (pg) production in the preoptic anterior hypothalamus (ah/poa). the purpose of this study was to determinate whether glucocorticoids modulate the pg-independent febrile response induced by macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (mip-1beta) in a manner similar to other pyrogenic cytokines. subcutaneous ... | 1998 | 9721925 |
| genome sequences of poa semilatent and lychnis ringspot hordeiviruses. | the nucleotide sequences of the genomic rnas of two hordeiviruses, poa semilatent virus (pslv) and lychnis ringspot virus (lrsv), were determined. the genome organization of both viruses is similar to that of the type hordeivirus, barley stripe mosaic virus (bsmv). comparisons of the amino acid sequences of the hordeivirus replicase components revealed a high level of sequence similarity to those of soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (sbwmv), peanut clump virus (pcv), and indian peanut clump virus. t ... | 1998 | 9722881 |
| how far can we simplify in vitro diagnostics for grass pollen allergy?: a study with 17 whole pollen extracts and purified natural and recombinant major allergens. | current diagnostics for grass pollen allergy are composed of mixtures of pollen of different grass species. their complex composition hampers accurate standardization. | 1998 | 9723659 |
| photoperiod affects the ability of testosterone to alter proopiomelanocortin mrna, but not luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone mrna, levels in male sheep. | this study tested the hypothesis that photoperiod affects the ability of testosterone to reduce proopiomelanocortin (pomc) mrna levels in the arcuate nucleus and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh) mrna levels in both the preoptic area (poa) or medial basal hypothalamus (mbh). twenty castrated male sheep were assigned to one of four treatment groups (i): short days (sd; n=5) (ii), short days with testosterone (sd+t; n=5) (iii), long days (ld; n=5), or (iii) long days with testosterone ( ... | 1998 | 9725710 |
| ovarian steroid-independent diurnal rhythm in cyclic gmp/nitric oxide efflux in the medial preoptic area: possible role in preovulatory and ovarian steroid-induced lh surge. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cyclic lh hypersecretion and nitric oxide (no) release in the medial preoptic area (mpoa), the hypothalamic site implicated in induction of lh hypersecretion. the mpoa extracellular cyclic gmp (cgmp) efflux (an index of no release), was monitored by microdialysis. quite unexpectedly, we observed a daily afternoon rise in the mpoa cgmp efflux in cycling female rats on proestrus and diestrus ii, in ovariectomized (ovx) rats and in ovx ... | 1998 | 9725714 |
| sleep-waking discharge patterns of ventrolateral preoptic/anterior hypothalamic neurons in rats. | numerous lesion, stimulation and recording studies in experimental animals demonstrate the importance of neurons within the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (poa) in the regulation of sleep induction and sleep maintenance. recently, a discrete cluster of cells in the ventrolateral poa (vlpoa) of rats was found to exhibit elevated c-fos gene expression during sleep, indicating that these neurons are strongly activated during nonrem and/or rem sleep stages. we examined neuronal discharge during ... | 1998 | 9729371 |
| is new immigrant screening for tuberculosis still worthwhile? | new immigrant screening in the 1980s showed that the official port of arrival (poa) system performed poorly, that there was a significant yield in terms of clinical tuberculosis, and that preventive measures (chemoprophylaxis and bcg) were appropriate in a substantial minority data for the 1990s was sought for comparison. | 1998 | 9733376 |
| sex differences in estrogenic regulation of preproenkephalin mrna levels in the medial preoptic area of prepubertal rats. | opioids have been implicated in sexual differentiation of the brain and in the regulation of reproductive behavior and endocrinology of mammals. previous studies have indicated that estrogen administration in adults regulates preproenkephalin mrna levels in several hypothalamic brain nuclei. we have determined preproenkephalin mrna levels in estrogen-treated juvenile male and female rats to investigate the developmental pattern of estrogenic regulation of enkephalinergic neurons in the medial pr ... | 1998 | 9748541 |
| the role of the alternative oxidase in stabilizing the in vivo reduction state of the ubiquinone pool and the activation state of the alternative oxidase | a possible function for the alternative (nonphosphorylating) pathway is to stabilize the reduction state of the ubiquinone pool (qr/qt), thereby avoiding an increase in free radical production. if the qr/qt were stabilized by the alternative pathway, then qr/qt should be less stable when the alternative pathway is blocked. qr/qt increased when we exposed roots of poa annua (l.) to increasing concentrations of kcn (an inhibitor of the cytochrome pathway). however, when salicylhydroxamic acid, an ... | 1998 | 9765546 |
| developmental sex differences in estrogen receptor-beta mrna expression in the mouse hypothalamus/preoptic region. | estrogens play a significant role during mammalian brain development and are required for the masculinization of neuronal circuits involved in sex-specific behaviors and neuroendocrine functions. cellular estrogen signalling is transmitted through nuclear estrogen receptors (er) which are divided into two subforms: the er-alpha as well as the recently cloned er-beta have been demonstrated in the hypothalamus. in the present study, we have analyzed the sex-specific expression of er-beta mrna in t ... | 1998 | 9772337 |
| large somal size is associated with the expression of galanin but not with neuronal birthdate in the sexually dimorphic male nucleus of ferret's preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus. | using nissl and golgi stains, a sexually dimorphic male nucleus (mn) comprised of a cluster of large cells with large dendritic arbors has been identified in the dorsal preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (poa/ah) of male ferrets. the mn-poa/ah is formed only in males by the action of estradiol derived from the neural aromatization of testosterone during the last quarter of a 41-day gestation. the ferret's dorsal poa/ah is also characterized by a sex difference in the expression of the neuropept ... | 1998 | 9772338 |
| recovery of sleep after fetal preoptic transplantation in medial preoptic area-lesioned rats. | changes in sleep after fetal preoptic (poa) tissue transplantation were studied in rats which had been made insomniac by a medial preoptic area (mpoa) lesion. two days after the n-methyl d-aspartic acid (nmda) lesion of the mpoa, fetal poa tissues (obtained from 14- to 17-day-old fetuses) were transplanted into the lesioned mpoa. insomnia was less marked in these animals, as compared to nontransplanted lesioned rats, even on the 4th day after transplantation. the quantum of sleep nearly attained ... | 1998 | 9779519 |
| infant cold exposure changes fos expression to acute cold stimulation in adult hypothalamic brain regions. | it is known that cold exposure as an infant results in a permanent cold tolerance which is accompanied by a reduced rate of colonic temperature decline and increased metabolic heat production to cold stimulation. the present study was aimed to elucidate the central mechanism of cold tolerance of adult rats with cold exposure as infants. newborn infants were exposed to cold ambient (4 degrees c) daily for 2 weeks, and when they were 15-weeks old, fos expression to acute cold stimulation (10 degre ... | 1998 | 9809667 |
| antipyretic action of peripheral stimulation with electroacupuncture in rats. | the present study was designed to investigate the antipyretic action of peripheral stimulation with electroacupuncture (ea) in sd rats. ea stimulation was applied for 30 min to the peripheral muscle where the equivalent quchi (li11) acupoint is located. we first examined the effects of ea stimulation on fever induced by either lipopolysaccharide (lps), interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta) or prostaglandin e2 (pge2). intraperitoneal injection of lps at a dose of 100 micrograms/kg caused a high rectal t ... | 1998 | 9827358 |
| androgen-dependent modulation of calbindin-d28k in hypothalamic tissue during prenatal development. | we examined the influence of androgens on fetal medial basal hypothalamic and preoptic area (mbh-poa) calbindin-d28k levels (via western analysis) by treating pregnant rats with testosterone or flutamide, (an androgen receptor blocker). mbh-poa calbindin-d28k levels were significantly decreased in flutamide-treated male fetuses, whereas, mbh-poa calbindin-d28k levels were significantly increased in testosterone-treated female fetuses compared to controls. these results suggest that mbh-poa calbi ... | 1998 | 9831256 |
| [anesthesiologic technique and postoperative analgesia in italy. macroregional comparison]. | to describe the use of anesthesia and postoperative analgesia techniques in italy, with a geographical comparison. | 1998 | 9835726 |
| effects of sexual behavioral manipulation on brain plasticity in adult rats. | the purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of sexual behaviorial manipulation on brain plasticity in adult male rats. adult male sprague-dawley rats that copulated during male sexual behavior testing were divided into four groups: control male; gonadectomized (gdx) male; sexually active male; and sexually nonactive male. female animals were used as an additional control group. at the end of a 12-week experimental period, the animals were again tested for male sexual behavior a ... | 1998 | 9886787 |
| cortical connections of the frontoparietal opercular areas in the rhesus monkey. | the connections of the frontoparietal opercular areas were studied in rhesus monkeys by using antero- and retrograde tracer techniques. the rostral opercular cortex including the gustatory and proisocortical motor (prom) areas is connected with precentral areas 3, 1, and 2 as well as with the rostral portion of the opercular area which resembles the second somatosensory type of cortex (area sii) and the ventral portion of area 6. its distant connections are with the ventral portion of prefrontal ... | 1999 | 9888311 |
| regional changes in gnrh immunoreactivity with puberty in the male syrian hamster. | gonadotropin-releasing-hormone immunopositive (gnrh+) neurons were identified in juvenile and adult male syrian hamsters. there were significantly fewer gnrh+ cells in the diagonal band of broca/organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (dbb/ovlt) and medial septum (ms) in adults as compared to juvenile males, while no cell number difference was found in the preoptic area (poa). the decrease in cell number likely reflects reduced somal stores of gnrh in dbb/ovlt and ms, suggesting that these s ... | 1999 | 9889375 |
| movement of hordeivirus hybrids with exchanges in the triple gene block. | the barley stripe mosaic virus (bsmv) triple gene block (tgb) coding for movement proteins (mps) was replaced with the respective tgb genes from two other hordeiviruses, poa semilatent virus (pslv) or lychnis ringspot virus (lrsv). the bsmv/lrsv recombinant did not exhibit infectivity on the plants tested, whereas the infection rate and host range of the bsmv/pslv hybrid were similar to those of bsmv. in particular, the bsmv/pslv hybrid infected nicotiana benthamiana, a nonhost plant for pslv, i ... | 1999 | 9918886 |
| luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone quantified in tissues and slice explant cultures of postnatal rat hypothalami. | lh-releasing hormone (lhrh) peptide from postnatal rat preoptic area (poa)/hypothalamic tissues in vivo and slice explant cultures maintained in vitro was quantitated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. moreover, messenger rna (mrna) copy number was calculated in lhrh neurons maintained in culture using in situ hybridization histochemistry with autoradiographic film analysis. poa/hypothalami from postnatal day 5-6 pups averaged 1250 pg of lhrh, with approximately 28% of peptide residing ... | 1999 | 9927307 |
| reduced pyrazinamidase activity and the natural resistance of mycobacterium kansasii to the antituberculosis drug pyrazinamide. | pyrazinamide (pza), an analog of nicotinamide, is a prodrug that requires conversion to the bactericidal compound pyrazinoic acid (poa) by the bacterial pyrazinamidase (pzase) activity of nicotinamidase to show activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis. mutations leading to a loss of pzase activity cause pza resistance in m. tuberculosis. m. kansasii is naturally resistant to pza and has reduced pzase activity along with an apparently detectable nicotinamidase activity. the role of the reducti ... | 1999 | 10049264 |
| gaba- and glutamate-activated channels in green fluorescent protein-tagged gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in transgenic mice. | mice were generated expressing green fluorescent protein (gfp) under the control of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) promoter. green fluorescence was observed in, and restricted to, gnrh-immunopositive neuronal somata in the olfactory bulb, ganglion terminale, septal nuclei, diagonal band of broca (dbb), preoptic area (poa), and caudal hypothalamus, as well as gnrh neuronal dendrites and axons, including axon terminals in the median eminence and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminal ... | 1999 | 10066257 |
| computational investigations of structural changes resulting from point mutations in a collagen-like peptide. | the results of 0.5-1.0 ns molecular dynamics simulations of the collagen-like peptides [(pog)4(poa)(pog)4]3 and [(pog)9]3 (pog: proline-hydroxyproline-glycine) are presented. all simulations were performed using the amber-94 molecular mechanical force field with a shell of tip3p waters surrounding the peptides. the initial geometries for the collagen-like peptides included an x-ray crystallographic structure, a computer-generated structure, a [(pog)9]3 structure modeled from the x-ray structure, ... | 1999 | 10070265 |
| capsella bursa-pastoris (l.) medic. as a biomonitor of heavy metals. | capsella bursa-pastoris (l.) medic. (shepherd's purse) has been tested as a possible biomonitor of heavy metals in the city of bradford, uk and compared with poa annua l. (annual meadow-grass), a species with a similar ecology that had previously been studied for biomonitoring potential. forty-two sites (urban roadside, urban, urban park, suburban and rural) in and around bradford were investigated. concentrations of pb, cd, zn and cu have been determined in soils and in washed and unwashed plan ... | 1999 | 10085567 |
| differential gene expression response to gonadal hormones by preoptic regulatory factors-1 and -2 in the female rat brain. | steroids and neuropeptides interact in the central nervous system (cns) to regulate reproductive function and behavior. the preoptic regulatory factors, porf-1 and porf-2, are unique neuropeptides for which roles in gender-related brain development and function have been proposed. porf-1 and porf-2 expression in rat brain are age, region and gender dependent, and castration or hypophysectomy alter the metabolism of the porf-1 and porf-2 mrnas in male rat brain and testes. if these two peptides h ... | 1999 | 10087451 |
| role of acid ph and deficient efflux of pyrazinoic acid in unique susceptibility of mycobacterium tuberculosis to pyrazinamide. | pyrazinamide (pza) is an important antituberculosis drug. unlike most antibacterial agents, pza, despite its remarkable in vivo activity, has no activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro except at an acidic ph. m. tuberculosis is uniquely susceptible to pza, but other mycobacteria as well as nonmycobacteria are intrinsically resistant. the role of acidic ph in pza action and the basis for the unique pza susceptibility of m. tuberculosis are unknown. we found that in m. tuberculosis, a ... | 1999 | 10094680 |
| an analysis of physiological mechanisms underlying the antigonadotropic action of intracranial prolactin in ring doves. | intracerebroventricular (icv) injections of prolactin (prl) exert potent antigonadal and antigonadotropic effects in ring doves (streptopelia risoria) at doses that are insufficient to stimulate prolactin-dependent crop growth. to explore the physiological basis of these effects, we tested the ability of icv-injected prl to influence pituitary responsiveness to chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone-i (cgnrh-i) and to alter gnrh content and concentration in the preoptic area (poa) and median emi ... | 1999 | 10094863 |
| cdc recommendations for civilian communities near chemical weapons depots: guidelines for medical preparedness--cdc. publication of final recommendations. | on july 27, 1994, cdc published in the federal register, 59 fr 38191, "cdc recommendations for civilian communities near chemical weapons depots: guidelines for medical preparedness" and requested public comment. seven people sent comments; many were responding on behalf of governments or other institutions in affected communities. these comments are available upon request. these recommendations incorporate changes made in response to the comments received and constitutes cdc's final recommendat ... | 1995 | 10143398 |
| purpose of admission and resource use during cancer hospitalizations. | this study examined the role of purpose of admission (poa) in hospitalizations for lung, colon, and breast cancers, using the 1985 20-percent medicare provider analysis and review file. six poa categories were created from discharge abstract data. average hospitalization charges, per diem charges, length of stay, and rates of death varied significantly by poa (p < .001). rural and small hospitals were more likely to admit patients for palliation, while urban and large hospitals admitted relative ... | 1991 | 10145730 |
| negative regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene expression by a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist in the rat hypothalamus. | there exists evidence for the presence of ultrashort loop feedback circuits of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) secretion in the hypothalamus. it is, however, uncertain whether a similar mechanism is involved in the regulation of gnrh gene expression in vivo. furthermore, little is known about the regulation of gnrh receptor (gnrhr) expression in the brain. in the present study, we examined the regulation of gnrh and its receptor gene expression by gnrh in vivo. a gnrh agonist, [d-ala6, des ... | 1999 | 10201815 |
| protein synthesis in the medial preoptic area is important for the mating-induced decrease in estrus duration in hamsters. | sexual receptivity in female hamsters potentially lasts for about 16 h. however, vaginal cervical stimulation (vcs) from a male during mating eventually reduces receptivity and can shorten the duration of behavioral estrus. the process by which this change in response to the male takes place is unknown. recently, detection of the fos protein has indicated that the medial preoptic area (poa) is one of the brain regions particularly responsive to vcs. additionally, the poa may have an inhibitory e ... | 1999 | 10202125 |
| sex-specific expression of n-methyl d-aspartate receptor (nmdar) in the preoptic area of neonatal rats. | the relationship between the n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (nmdar) and the sex-specific neurotoxicity of l-glutamate on the preoptic area (poa) of neonatal rats was studied. the nmdar were semiquantified by western blot analysis. the kinetic change of intracellular calcium and lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) efflux were monitored as rapid and delayed toxic signals, respectively. the results showed that: (1) the nmdar expression in poa of male rat is higher than that of females; (2) the l-glutamate ( ... | 1999 | 10203237 |
| photoperiod affects the gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal system of male prairie voles (microtus ochrogaster). | in order to maximize survival, animals inhabiting temperate and boreal latitudes exhibit numerous adaptations to changing seasons. central among this suite of coping strategies is the cessation of breeding during the suboptimal conditions of winter. many nontropical rodents inhibit reproduction well in advance of winter in response to short day lengths. male prairie voles (microtus ochrogaster) are small temperate-zone rodents that vary in their reproductive response to photoperiod. some male vo ... | 1999 | 10207275 |
| [identification of emergencies for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the emergency rooms of a hospital. a reliability study]. | to analyse the reliability of the obtained results in the identification of cases of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) diagnosed in the medical records of the emergency rooms of the <<hospital clínico universitario>> of valencia, spain. | 1999 | 10217674 |
| perinatal changes in hypothalamic n-methyl-d-aspartate receptors and their relationship to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons. | during the neonatal period, the brain is subject to profound alterations in neuronal circuitry due to high levels of synaptogenesis and gliogenesis. in neuroendocrine regions such as the preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus (poa-ah), the site of gnrh perikarya, these changes could affect the maturation of gnrh neurons. because the gnrh system is developmentally regulated by glutamatergic neurons, we hypothesized that changes in the n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptor system begin early in postna ... | 1999 | 10218982 |
| differential recognition of recombinant phl p 5 isoallergens by phl p 5-specific t cells. | at present, recombinant allergens are considered for the diagnosis and treatment of atopic allergies. to evaluate the theoretical impact of isoallergen variation on the selection of isoallergens for specific allergy vaccination, we characterized the t-cell response of allergic patients to the phleum pratense major allergen, phl p 5, and five of its recombinant isoallergens. | 1999 | 10224358 |
| phytoestrogens alter hypothalamic calbindin-d28k levels during prenatal development. | calbindin-d28k (calb) in the medial basal hypothalamic (mbh) and preoptic area (poa) of male and female fetuses from pregnant rats fed different phytoestrogens diets during gestation was examined by western analysis. in animals fed a phytoestrogen containing diet (phyto-200), males displayed significantly higher calb levels compared to females. whereas, in animals fed a phytoestrogen-free diet (phyto-free), females exhibited significantly higher calb levels compared to phyto-200 female values. t ... | 1999 | 10320769 |
| distribution of estrogen receptor-beta messenger ribonucleic acid in the male sheep hypothalamus. | as a first step in determining possible influences of the newly discovered estrogen receptor (er)-beta on reproduction, we have localized mrna for er-beta within the male sheep hypothalamus using in situ hybridization and a rat er-beta crna probe. highest amounts of hybridization signal were observed in the preoptic area (poa), bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus, and supraoptic nucleus. relatively moderate amounts of hybridization signal were observed in the retrochiasm ... | 1999 | 10330081 |
| [antigen specific immunoglobulin e to grass and weed pollens in the plasma of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis]. | the study involved 22 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis between 13 and 53 years of age. the level of antigen specific ige (as ige) to 5 grass and 3 weed pollens was determined with the use of cap feia (pharmacia, uppsala, sweden). the control group consisted of 20 persons. all above as ige were significantly higher in the patients with seasonal allergic rhinithis than in the control group. the most commonly present hypersensitivities were to meadow fescue (festuca elatior), meadow grass ( ... | 1999 | 10337158 |
| brain aromatase in control versus castrated norway brown, sprague-dawley and wistar adult rats. | brain aromatase cytochrome p450 converts androgens to estrogens that play a critical role in the development of sexually dimorphic neural structures, the modulation of neuroendocrine function(s), and the regulation of sexual behavior. we characterized the influence of surgical castration on brain aromatase in norway brown and wistar adult rats and compared their responses to sprague-dawley rats that were surgically or biochemically castrated (with flutamide, a known androgen receptor blocker). a ... | 1999 | 10352123 |
| brain aromatase and 5alpha-reductase, regulatory behaviors and testosterone levels in adult rats on phytoestrogen diets. | the purpose of this study was to examine the short-term effects of phytoestrogens in the diet on regulatory behaviors (food/water intake and locomotor activity), prostate weight, testosterone levels, and brain androgen metabolizing enzyme activity levels in adult male rats. sprague-dawley rats were fed phytoestrogen-containing versus phytoestrogen-free diets for 29 days. standard methods were used to measure open field behavior, reproductive, hormonal parameters, and enzymatic activity levels. t ... | 1999 | 10352124 |
| changes in hypothalamic estrogen receptor-containing cell numbers in response to feed restriction in the female lamb. | the mechanism whereby undernutrition enhances the ability of estradiol (e) to inhibit reproductive activity is unknown. this study aimed to determine the effect of feed restriction on e receptor (er)-containing cell numbers in the female sheep hypothalamus. ovariectomized lambs at 7 months of age received either ad libitum (al; n = 5) or restricted (fr; n = 10) levels of feed intake. lambs were weighted weekly and fr lambs fed to lose approximately 15% of their initial body weights over 7 weeks, ... | 1999 | 10364695 |
| spiritual resonance: pursuit in the bluegrass state. | 1999 | 10372862 | |
| effects of photoperiod on salmon gnrh mrna levels in brain of castrated underyearling precocious male masu salmon. | previous studies have suggested that activation of salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sgnrh)-producing neurons is induced by the combined effects of photoperiod and steroid hormones in underyearling males of the masu salmon, oncorhynchus masou. the present study further assesses the effects of photoperiod and steroid hormones on sgnrh synthetic activity and examines the changes in sgnrh mrna levels in the brains of castrated underyearling precocious male masu salmon by manipulating the photo ... | 1999 | 10375465 |
| structural analysis of n-glycans from allergenic grass, ragweed and tree pollens: core alpha1,3-linked fucose and xylose present in all pollens examined. | the n-glycans from soluble extracts of ten pollens were examined. the pyridylaminated oligosaccharides derived from these sources were subject to gel filtration and reverse-phase hplc, in conjunction with exoglycosidase digests, and in some cases matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionisation mass spectrometry. in comparison to known structures, it was possible to determine the major structures of the n-glycans derived from kentucky blue grass (poa pratensis), rye (secale cerale), ryegrass (lolium ... | 1998 | 10386890 |
| relationships between sex and the size and number of forebrain gonadotropin-releasing hormone-immunoreactive neurones in the ballan wrasse (labrus berggylta), a protogynous hermaphrodite. | this study is the first to examine the brain gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) cell population phenotype in a protogynous and monandric sequentially hermaphroditic fish. male ballan wrasse (labrus berggylta) had on average higher numbers of gnrh-immunoreactive (gnrh-ir) cells within the brain preoptic area (poa) than females, a difference not found in gnrh-ir cells in other brain regions. furthermore, in males, but not females, the number of these poa gnrh-ir cells correlated with body size. ... | 1999 | 10397402 |
| the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus of different strains of mice: sex differences and development. | while sex differences in neural morphology in the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (poa/ah) have been demonstrated in many species, their existence in mice have been controversial. given the increased use of transgenic and gene-disrupted mice, we characterized sex differences using nissl stains, and the immunocytochemical location of estrogen receptor-alpha (er-alpha) and galanin in the poa/ah of two widely used strains, c57bl/6 and 129svev, and a mixed strain (c57bl/6x129sv); the wild-type l ... | 1999 | 10407134 |
| fungal proteinase expression in the interaction of the plant pathogen magnaporthe poae with its host. | infection by pathogenic fungi involves breaching the outer layer of the host by either mechanical or enzymatic means. subtilisin-like proteinases are considered to be important in the infection process of entomopathogenic, nematophagous, and mycoparasitic fungi. little is known regarding the expression of such proteinases by plant pathogenic fungi. magnaporthe poae, a fungal pathogen of kentucky bluegrass, expressed a subtilisin-like proteinase, proteinase mp1, in the infected roots. antibody wa ... | 1999 | 10415340 |
| prenatal stress and glucocorticoid effects on the developing gender-related brain. | hormonal and neurotransmitter environment of nondifferentiated cells in the developing brain determines many of gender-specific behavioural and neuroendocrine functions. early postnatal and long-term effects of maternal stress or prenatal glucocorticoid on sex-related peculiarities of the brain morphology, biogenic monoamine turnover, testosterone metabolism, hypothalamic noradrenaline (na) and adrenocortical responses to an acute stress were studied in wistar rat offsprings. maternal stress (1 ... | 1999 | 10418984 |
| ovarian hormone dependence of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor activation of the nitric oxide-cgmp pathway: relevance for hormonal facilitation of lordosis behavior. | the ovarian hormones estradiol (e(2)) and progesterone (p) facilitate rat lordosis behavior in part by regulating the expression of and signal transduction by adrenoceptors in the hypothalamus (hyp) and preoptic area (poa). the major adrenoceptor subtype mediating e(2) and p facilitation of lordosis is the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor. in the present studies, we tested the hypotheses that (1) alpha(1)-adrenoceptors in the hyp enhance lordosis responses by activating the nitric oxide (no)-cgmp signaling ... | 1999 | 10436072 |
| reduction of luteinzing hormone secretion induced by long-term feed restriction in male rats is associated with increased expression of gaba-synthesizing enzymes without alterations of gnrh gene expression. | in rats, fasting or restriction of feed intake impairs the activity of the hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) pulse generator which results in reduced luteinizing hormone (lh) secretion. it is still unknown which neurotransmitters are involved in this phenomenon. however, it is known that increased gaba concentrations in the hypothalamus reduce gnrh biosynthesis and release. therefore, we examined whether 17 days of feed restriction in male rats affected the hypothalamic gene exp ... | 1999 | 10447799 |
| gnrh mrna increases with puberty in the male syrian hamster brain. | puberty in the male syrian hamster (mesocricetus auratus) is characterized by decreased responsiveness to testosterone mediated negative feedback, but the neural mechanism for this change remains elusive. we hypothesized that decreased inhibition of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) system results in increased neurosecretory activity, which includes an increase in gnrh gene expression. this study examined gnrh mrna in male hamsters before and after puberty, and sought to determine if any ... | 1999 | 10447800 |
| reproductive function in rats exposed neonatally to bisphenol a and estradiol benzoate. | the reproductive function in rats treated subcutaneously (s.c.) with 300 microg/g bisphenol a or 2 microg/g estradiol benzoate from postnatal day 1 to 5 was examined after puberty as well as histolopathogic changes in reproductive organs. all male and female rats treated postnatally with estradiol benzoate showed poor reproductive capability, including adverse effects on masculine sexual behavior, and marked histopathologic alterations of the reproductive organs. in addition, estradiol benzoate ... | 1999 | 10453915 |
| in vitro and in vivo antagonism of pathogenic turfgrass fungi by streptomyces hygroscopicus strains yced9 and wye53. | disease prevention is a current practice used to minimize fungal diseases of turfgrasses in lawns and golf greens. prevention is accomplished through fungicide applications, and by periodic thatch removal. during the development of a microbial biodethatch product utilizing the lignocellulose-degrading streptomyces hygroscopicus strains yced9 and wye53, we demonstrated using in vitro plate antagonism bioassays that both strains are antagonists of various turfgrass fungal pathogens. these activiti ... | 1999 | 10455494 |
| sex differences in cell migration in the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus of mice. | the preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (poa/ah) sits as a boundary region rostral to the classical diencephalic hypothalamus and ventral to the telencephalic septal region. numerous studies have pointed to the region's importance for sex-dependent functions. previous studies suggested that migratory guidance cues within this region might be particularly unique in their diversity. to better understand the early development and differentiation of the poa/ah, cytoarchitectural, birthdate, immunocy ... | 1999 | 10512982 |
| transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration of pelvic abscesses. | to assess the utility of a less invasive approach to the care of women with a pelvic abscess, we retrospectively reviewed the outcome of women with pelvic abscesses managed by transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration. | 1999 | 10524665 |
| food intake elicited by central administration of orexins/hypocretins: identification of hypothalamic sites of action. | orexin a and b, a recently identified pair of neuropeptides, are produced in perikarya located in the lateral and perifornical hypothalamus (lh and pfh). immunoreactive fibers from these neurons innervate several nuclei in the hypothalamus. orexin a and orexin b stimulate feeding when administered intracerebroventricularly to rats. to identify the specific sites of orexin action, orexin a and b were microinjected into a number of hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic sites in rats. orexin a was fou ... | 1999 | 10526145 |
| localization of estrogen-receptive neurons projecting to the gnrh neuron-containing rostral preoptic area of the ewe. | estrogen exerts important feedback effects upon the biosynthetic and secretory behavior of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) neurons to control reproductive functioning. the mechanism of estrogen action upon these neurons is unclear and seems likely to involve the transsynaptic regulation of gnrh neurons. the objective of the present study was to identify the estrogen-receptive neural populations which project to the general vicinity of the gnrh perikarya in the rostral preoptic area and dia ... | 1999 | 10529617 |
| morphological evidence for direct interaction between arcuate nucleus neuropeptide y (npy) neurons and gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons and the possible involvement of npy y1 receptors. | neuropeptide y (npy) neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (arh) have been shown to play an important role in modulating lh secretion. one mechanism by which the arh npy system may regulate lh secretion is by modulating gnrh neuronal function. thus, the present study examined whether the arh npy system provided direct input to gnrh cell bodies in the preoptic area (poa), as well as to their nerve terminals in the median eminence (me). the possible involvement of the npy y1 receptor ... | 1999 | 10537170 |
| relationship between sexual behavior and sexually dimorphic structures in the anterior hypothalamus in control and prenatally stressed male rats. | the present study was designed to examine the effects of prenatal stress on the morphological development of sexually dimorphic structures in the anterior hypothalamus in male rats and to determine if there is a relationship between morphologic development of the brain and copulatory behavior in individual animals. dams in the stress group were subjected to treatments of heat-light restraint during the third trimester of gestation (day 14 to parturition) three times daily for 45-min periods. at ... | 1999 | 10566981 |
| evidence that neuronal nitric oxide synthase but not heme oxygenase increases in the hypothalamus on proestrus afternoon. | nitric oxide (no) has been implicated in the control of the proestrus luteinizing hormone (lh) surge in the rat but to date no studies have attempted to measure neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nnos) or no production on proestrus in the hypothalamus in order to determine if endogenous no is increased on proestrus afternoon to activate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) neurons. to address this deficit in our knowledge, we measured nnos mrna and protein levels as well as nos activity levels in ... | 1999 | 10567862 |
| dimorphic expression of medial basal hypothalamic-preoptic area calbindin-d(28k) mrna during perinatal development and adult distribution of calbindin-d(28k) mrna in sprague-dawley rats. | the calcium-binding protein, calbindin (calb) is: (a) distributed throughout the central nervous system (cns), (b) abundant in neurons and, (c) thought to act as a buffer by binding intracellular calcium, mediating neurogenesis (cell profileration) and neuronal programmed cell death. using northern analysis, calb mrna distribution was characterized in 12 different adult brain regions. additionally, calb mrna levels were characterized in the medial basal hypothalamus (mbh) and preoptic area (poa) ... | 1999 | 10581398 |
| perinatal developmental changes in expression of the neuropeptide genes preoptic regulatory factor-1 and factor-2, neuropeptide y and gnrh in rat hypothalamus. | the preoptic regulatory factor genes, porf-1 and porf-2, are expressed in the rat brain in a regional-, age- and gender-dependent fashion. they are also expressed in the testis, where porf-2 mrna localizes to dividing germ cells while porf-1 mrna is associated with newly differentiated sperm. this suggests that porf-1 and porf-2 may play distinct roles in cell growth and differentiation. moreover, the two preoptic regulatory factors are also highly expressed in the immature and mature rat hypoth ... | 1999 | 10583730 |
| stereological evaluation and golgi study of the sexual dimorphisms in the volume, cell numbers, and cell size in the medial preoptic nucleus of the rat. | the medial preoptic nucleus (mpn) and the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) stand out as prominent sexually dimorphic cell groups of the rat brain. however, quantitative data on sex-related differences in these nuclei in the adult rat are confined to their volume. we have used stereological methods and golgi-impregnated material to examine whether, in young adult rats, the sexual dimorphism in the volume of the mpn, including its divisions, and of the sdn-poa, reflect sim ... | 1999 | 10590513 |
| changes in brain gonadotropin-releasing hormone- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-like immunoreactivity accompanying reestablishment of photosensitivity in male dark-eyed juncos (junco hyemalis). | in seasonally breeding, photoperiodic birds, the development of photorefractoriness is associated with decreased brain expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-like immunoreactivity (gnrh-li ir) and increased expression of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-like immunoreactivity (vip-li ir). dissipation of photorefractoriness and reestablishment of photosensitivity are associated with increased gnrh-li ir brain production, but concurrent changes in vip-li ir expression have not been investiga ... | 2000 | 10620420 |
| persistent impacts of trace metals from mining on floodplain grass communities along soda butte creek, yellowstone national park. | / in yellowstone national park, tailings and associated trace metals from past mining have been deposited along 28 km of soda butte creek by large flood events. this study documents grass species diversity, density, and biomass; trace metal concentrations in soils; and soil ph, salinity, and clay content in four selected floodplain meadows contaminated by these tailings. trace metal levels frequently exceed acceptable concentrations for agricultural soils at sampling points within the meadows. p ... | 2000 | 10629312 |
| activation of gene expression of the gamma-aminobutyric acid rather than the glutamatergic system in the preoptic area during the preovulatory gonadotropin surge of the rat. | there is increasing evidence that in the rat prior to and during the preovulatory lh surge, release rates of gaba in the preoptic area (poa) are decreased while no such changes occurred in the mediobasal hypothalamus (mbh). in addition, gnrh release appears to be facilitated by an increased preoptic excitation of glutamate (glu). to investigate whether such changes of secretory activity of intrahypothalamic gaba or glu neurons are associated with altered gene expression of biosynthetic enzymes o ... | 2000 | 10644894 |
| an efficient screen for reproductive pathways using mature seeds of monocots and dicots. | seed samples of 32 species (obligate and facultative sexuals and apomicts of monocots and dicots) were investigated by flow cytometry to reveal the pathway of reproduction. ten different pathways of seed formation could be reconstructed considering whether the female and/or male gametes were reduced or unreduced, the embryos arose via the zygotic or parthenogenetic route and the endosperm via the pseudogamous or autonomous route. the screen is suited to select sporophytic or gametophytic mutants ... | 2000 | 10652155 |
| building new leaders in the bluegrass state. | 1999 | 10662148 | |
| [a preliminary study of plasma oxidase activity by spectrophotometry on the healthy middle-aged and old volunteers in changsha]. | the plasma oxidase activities (poa) in 26 healthy volunteers were determined by spectrophotometry. the results showed that the poa value of the 26 cases was obviously lower (78.90 +/- 8.12 u.l-1) than that in lasla's (84 +/- 5 u.l-1) (p < 0.05). a preliminary normal reference range of poa (45-60 years old) in changsha was established. this method is an accurate (cv = 3.9%), cheaper, and easy one and applicable for clinical laboratories. | 1998 | 10681814 |
| localization of immunoreactive lamprey gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the rat brain. | a highly specific antiserum against lamprey gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) was used to localize 1-gnrh in areas of the rat brain associated with reproductive function. immunoreactive 1-gnrh-like neurons were observed in the ventromedial preoptic area (poa), the region of the diagonal band of broca and the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis, with fiber projections to the rostral wall of the third ventricle and the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis. another population of 1-gnrh-like ne ... | 1999 | 10698127 |
| substrate preference profiles of proteases released by allergenic pollens. | pollens are important triggers for allergic asthma and seasonal rhinitis. we have recently reported that proteases released by major allergenic pollens can injure airway epithelial cells in vitro. disruption of epithelial integrity by proteases released following deposition of pollens on mucosal surfaces could promote sensitization and induce inflammation. | 2000 | 10718856 |
| the effect of a special herbal tea on obesity and anovulation in androgen-sterilized rats. | a special herbal tea has been used to treat clomiphene-resistant anovulatory disease and obesity effectively, especially in polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) cases with hyperinsulinemia. the effect of the herbal tea on obesity and anovulation was investigated in androgen-sterilized rats (asr). the asr model was established by subcutaneous injection of 1.25 mg testosterone propionate to sprague-dawley female rats at the age of 9 days. rats were sacrificed around 112 days of age. asr manifested wit ... | 2000 | 10719843 |
| phytoestrogens decrease brain calcium-binding proteins but do not alter hypothalamic androgen metabolizing enzymes in adult male rats. | phytoestrogen [plant estrogenic-like molecule(s)] research has grown rapidly in recent years due to their potential health benefits. however, little is known about phytoestrogen's effects on the cns. androgen metabolizing enzymes are known to regulate neuroendocrine functions and reproductive behaviors, while calcium-binding proteins are associated with protecting against neurodegenerative diseases. therefore, we examined aromatase and 5alpha-reductase enzyme activities in the medial basal hypot ... | 2000 | 10720621 |
| subcellular sorting of small membrane-associated triple gene block proteins: tgbp3-assisted targeting of tgbp2. | we studied subcellular distribution of green fluorescent protein (gfp)-tagged movement proteins encoded by the second and the third genes of poa semilatent hordeivirus (pslv) triple gene block (tgb), 15k tgbp2 and 18k tgbp3. gfp-15k transiently expressed in nicotiana benthamiana leaf epidermal cells was associated with the endomembrane system elements. gfp-18k appeared in the membrane bodies at cell periphery. mutation analysis demonstrated that subcellular targeting of gfp-15k depended on the p ... | 2000 | 10725204 |
| pre- or postnatal testosterone and flutamide effects on sexually dimorphic nuclei of the rat hypothalamus. | utilizing the sexually dimorphic nature of hypothalamic nuclei, a determination of the effects of pre- or postnatal flutamide and testosterone treatments were examined in male and female rats. statistical analysis compared treatments, sex, and time of injection in terms of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) and the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (avpv) volumes and lengths. the present findings establish that pre- or postnatal hormonal environments are crucial in ... | 2000 | 10775778 |
| [pancreatic oncofetal antigen (poa), pancreatic cancer-associated antigen (pcaa)]. | 1999 | 10778162 | |
| neuronal activity in female rat preoptic area associated with sexually motivated behavior. | single unit activities were recorded from 31 neurons in the preoptic area (poa) of female rats engaging in sexual interactions. concurrent videotape recordings were used to establish a relationship between neuronal activity and particular behavioral events. in 14 of the 31 neurons, the firing rate changed in association with bouts of sexual activity. the remaining 17 fired with more variability regardless of episodes of sexual interactions. peri-event histograms identified four types of neurons: ... | 2000 | 10799673 |
| estrogen increases arginine-vasopressin v1a receptor mrna in the preoptic area of young but not of middle-aged female rats. | we determined whether estrogen regulates the expression of arginine-vasopressin (avp) receptor mrna in the preoptic area (poa) of female rats. by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (pcr), we found that all three types of the avp receptor mrna, v1a, v1b and v2, were expressed in the poa, though the amount of pcr products was apparently different among them. in situ hybridization indicated that avp v1a receptor mrna was densely expressed in the poa, especially in the anteroventral per ... | 2000 | 10806322 |
| [pre and post-operative autotransfusion. a comparative study of hematology, biochemistry and red cell metabolism in pre-donated blood and blood from post-operative surgical drainage]. | the widespread use of aggressive surgical procedures, along with the increasing incidence of traffic accidents, has raised the necessity of homologous blood beyond the supplies of blood banks. this fact, plus the risks of homologous transfusion and the costs of blood bank maintenance, has prompted the advance of blood saving procedures such as autotransfusion, both in the pre-deposit (preoperative autotransfusion, poa) and the surgical drainage reinfusion (postoperative autotransfusion, sdr) mod ... | 1999 | 10822758 |
| lawn parameters influencing abundance and distribution of the hairy chinch bug (hemiptera: lygaeidae). | management of lawns that promotes conditions detrimental to the development of insect pests may represent a valuable environmentally benign turfgrass management strategy. in the cool-humid region of quebec, canada, we investigated 45 lawns infested with hairy chinch bug, blissus leucopterus hirtus montandon, to identify lawn parameters related to its distribution and abundance. kentucky bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, and perennial ryegrass, respectively, accounted for 55.8, 19.6, and 9.3% of the ... | 2000 | 10826187 |
| leifsonia poae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from nematode galls on poa annua, and reclassification of 'corynebacterium aquaticum' leifson 1962 as leifsonia aquatica (ex leifson 1962) gen. nov., nom. rev., comb. nov. and clavibacter xyli davis et al. 1984 with two subspecies as leifsonia xyli (davis et al. 1984) gen. nov., comb. nov. | the new genus leifsonia gen. nov. with two new species, leifsonia poae sp. nov. (type strain vkm ac-1401t) and leifsonia aquatica (ex leifson 1962) nom. rev., comb. nov. (the type species, with vkm ac-1400t = dsm 20146t = jcm 1368t as type strain), is proposed to accommodate bacteria found in poa annua root gall, induced by the nematode subanguina radicicola, and 'corynebacterium aquaticum' leifson 1962. further, it is proposed to reclassify clavibacter xyli davis et al. 1984 with two subspecies ... | 2000 | 10826825 |
| pubertal development and reproductive functions of crl:cd br sprague-dawley rats exposed to bisphenol a during prenatal and postnatal development. | bisphenol a (bpa) is used on a large scale in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics. bpa has been shown to bind weakly to both estrogen receptor (er)alpha and erbeta, and to transactivate reporter genes in vitro. the purpose of the present study was to determine whether exposure of rats to bpa during pre- and postnatal development affects estrogen-mediated end points related to pubertal development and reproductive functions. bpa was administered to pregnant crl:cd br sprague-dawley rats by ... | 2000 | 10828273 |
| c-fos gene expression pattern in the hypothalamus and the preoptic area of defeminized rats. | the object of the present study was to determine the c-fos gene expression pattern in the hypothalamus (hyp) and the preoptic area (poa) after estradiol and testosterone priming during the critical period of sexual differentiation of the rat brain. three-day-old female rats were injected s.c. with a single dose of 17beta-estradiol (200 microg), testosterone enantate (200 microg) or vehicle (corn oil). hyp and poa were dissected 2 h, 24 h and 14 days after treatments and on the day of vaginal ope ... | 2000 | 10837802 |
| the distribution of progesterone receptor immunoreactivity and mrna in the preoptic area and hypothalamus of the ewe: upregulation of progesterone receptor mrna in the mediobasal hypothalamus by oestrogen. | the distribution of progesterone receptors (pr) was mapped in the hypothalamus of the ewe using immunocytochemistry. these results were confirmed using in situ hybridization with a sheep-specific 35s-labelled riboprobe. in addition, the effect of oestrogen on the level of pr mrna in the hypothalamus was examined in ovariectomized (ovx) ewes following treatment with an oestrogen implant or without treatment. pr immunoreactive (-ir) cells were readily detected in ovx animals. labelled cells were o ... | 2000 | 10844586 |
| blockage of n-methyl-d-aspartate receptors decreases testosterone levels and enhances postnatal neuronal apoptosis in the preoptic area of male rats. | sexual dimorphism has been found in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus (poa), a major site of glutamate actions via n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors. the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (sdn-poa) of male rats exhibits about seven-fold greater nuclear volume than that of females. a naturally occurring neonatal neuronal apoptosis, that can be prevented by testosterone, may contribute to this sexual difference in sdn-poa nuclear volume. since activation of nmda receptors in ... | 2000 | 10859492 |
| lack of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh) neuron response to decreasing photoperiod in thyroidectomized male starlings (sturnus vulgaris). | exposure of starlings to long days initially causes reproductive maturation, but eventually leads to photorefractoriness. during photorefractoriness, gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (gnrh) decreases in the gnrh cell bodies and fibers emanating from these to the median eminence, circulating gonadotrophin concentrations decrease to a minimum, and the gonads regress. thyroidectomy profoundly affects these photoperiodic responses. in chronically thyroidectomized starlings, gonadal responses to chang ... | 2000 | 10861552 |