Publications

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the dicarboxylic acid-nitrogen of proteins: with a note on the alcohol-soluble protein from ragi (eleusine coracana). 193116744782
the effects on growth in rats of butter and ragi (eleusine coracana), separately and combined, as supplements to the poor rice diet of south india. 194620999651
effects of partial replacement of rice, wheat or ragi (eleusine coracana) by tuber flours on the nutritive value of poor vegetarian diets. 195413140823
the metabolism of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus in human adults on a poor vegetarian diet containing ragi (eleusine coracana). 195513284215
the metabolism of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus in undernourished children. v. the effect of partial or complete replacement of rice in poor vegetarian diets by ragi (eleusine coracana) on the metabolism on nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus. 195913662551
effects of supplementing ragi (eleusine coracana) diets with lysine or leaf protein on the growth and nitrogen metabolism of children. 19695357042
photorespiratory metabolism in eleusine coracana, a c-4 plant. 19744468932
induced interchanges in finger millet (eleusine coracana gaert). 19744824618
biophysical characterization of mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts isolated from the leaves of eleusine coracana, an aspartate-type c-4 plant : part i. light absorbing photosynthetic pigment composition. 19751218880
studies on liver sulphurylase activity in rats: vitamin-a-deficient and low-protein diets.studies on the sulphurylation of phenols by livers from normal and vitamin-a-deficient rats showed a significant reduction in sulphurylating activity in the acute stage of deficiency. at the 'plateau stage' of deficiency, decrease in this activity was marginal and was not significant. rats consuming a 6% casein diet had a significantly lower liver sulphurylating activity when compared to those fed 12 and 18% casein diets. comparative data on the sulphurylating activity of rats maintained on diet ...19751232600
relationship between tannin levels and in vitro protein digestibility in finger millet (eleusine coracana gaertn.). 1977893835
sterol lipids in finger millet (eleusine coracana). 1978701708
proteinase inhibitors of finger millet (eleusine coracana gaertn.). 1978661229
repetitive dna in three gramineae species with low dna content.the genomes of three gramineae species, namely finger millet (eleusine coracana), pearl millet (pennisetum americanum) and rice (oryza sativa) are characterized by studying their dna denaturation-reassociation properties. the reassociation kinetics measurement of the sonicated dna (500--700 nucleotide pairs) indicate the presence of a heterogeneous, repetitive dna fraction accounting for 49--54% of the total dna in all three species. from the cot 1/2 value of the slow reassociating dna, the geno ...19807409756
natural plant enzyme inhibitors. characterization of an unusual alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor from ragi (eleusine coracana geartn.).an inhibitor i-1, capable of acting on both alpha-amylase and trypsin, was purified to homogeneity from ragi (finger-millet) grains. the factor was found to be stable to heat treatment at 100 degrees c for 1 h in the presence of nacl and also was stable over the wide ph range 1-10. pepsin and pronase treatment of inhibitor i-1 resulted in gradual loss of both the inhibitory activities. formation of trypsin-inhibitor i-1 complex, amylase-inhibitor i-1 complex and trypsin-inhibitor i-1-amylase tri ...19816796040
effect of insecticides, oxydementon-methyl & dimethoate, on chlorophyll retention & hydrogen peroxide utilization in ragi (eleusine coracana gaertn.cv pr 202) leaves during senescence. 19827183525
age-related changes in catalase and peroxidase activities in the excised leaves of eleusine coracana gaertin. cv pr 202 during senescence.changes in the activities of the enzymes catalase and peroxidase were studied in the excised leaves of ragi (eleusine coracana gaertn. cv pr 202) plants belonging to different ages. catalase exhibited a positive and peroxidase a negative correlation with the changes in chlorophyll. catalase and peroxidase were negatively correlated with each other. peroxidase exhibited an age-related drift in its activity. kinetin could maintain the levels of chlorophyll and catalase, and also caused an increase ...19836321215
2'-o-methyl-1-methyl adenosine: a new modified nucleoside in ragi (eleusine coracana) trna.a new modified nucleoside 2'-o-methyl-l-methyl adenosine has been found to be present in the trna of eleusine coracana ( ragi ) seedlings. the sequence of the dinucleotide of which this modified nucleoside is a part suggests its presence in phenylalanine-trna. the structural implications of the presence of this new modification are discussed.19846547340
selective expression of a probable amylase/protease inhibitor in barley aleurone cells: comparison to the barley amylase/subtilisin inhibitor.we have cloned and sequenced a 650-nucleotide cdna from barley (hordeum vulgare l.) aleurone layers encoding a protein that is closely related to a known α-amylase inhibitor from indian finger millet (eleusine coracana gaertn.), and that has homologies to certain plant trypsin inhibitors. mrna for this probable amylase/protease inhibitor (papi) is expressed primarily in aleurone tissue during late development of the grain, as compared to that for the amylase/subtilisin inhibitor, which is expres ...198624232429
in vitro availability of iron and zinc in white and coloured ragi (eleusine coracana): role of tannin and phytate.white and brown ragi (eleusine coracana) varieties were analysed for tannin, phytate phosphorus, total phosphorus, iron, ionisable iron, zinc and soluble zinc content. white ragi had no detectable tannin while in brown varieties it ranged from 351 to 2392 mg per 100 g. germination brought about a progressive decrease in tannin and phytate phosphorus and an increase in ionisable iron and soluble zinc content of grain ragi. both in raw and germinated grain, ionizable iron was significantly higher ...19883231591
purification and characterization of nad malic enzyme from leaves of eleusine coracana and panicum dichotomiflorum.nad malic enzyme (ec 1.1.1.39), which is involved in c(4) photosynthesis, was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from leaves of eleusine coracana and to near homogeneity from leaves of panicum dichotomiflorum. the enzyme from each c(4) species was found to have only one type of subunit by sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the m(r) of subunits of the enzme from e. coracana and p. dichotommiflorum was 63 and 61 kilodaltons, respectively. the native mr of the enzyme from each species was ...198916666533
aspartate aminotransferase from eleusine coracana, a c4 plant: purification, characterization, and preparation of antibody.aspartate aminotransferase (aspat) isozymes from eleusine coracana (an nad-malic enzyme type c4 plant) were examined. three groups of isoenzymes were identified (aspat-1, aspat-2, and aspat-3). aspat-1 (localized in the mesophyll cells) and aspat-3 (localized in the bundle sheath cells), both of which are considered to function in the c4 acid pathway, were purified and their kinetic and physical properties studied. both isoenzymes had a molecular mass of 80 kda and were shown to consist of two i ...19902241160
high frequency embryoid and plantlet formation from tissue cultures of the finger millet-eleusine coracana (l.) gaertn.compact nodulated embryogenic callus differentiated from cultured seeds of eleusine coracana (finger millet) on murashige and skoog (1962) basal medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (1.0, 3.0 mg (l)). this embryogenic callus was maintained on a medium with a lower level of 2,4 - dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. at every subculture the embryogenic callus had some preexisting embryoids in it. with this method of subculture the callus has retained its morphogenic potential for four years. followin ...199024226438
food-based solutions are a viable alternative to glucose-electrolyte solutions for oral hydration in acute diarrhoea--studies in a rat model of secretory diarrhoea.a survey of acute diarrhoea and its treatment, in 3 groups of villages in south india, revealed that use of the world health organization oral rehydration solution (who-ors) was poor or virtually non-existent and that several liquid foods were given to children during acute diarrhoea. the effects of the most commonly used, boiled and cooled supernatants of these liquid foods [rice (oryza sativa)-water, ragi (eleusine coracana)-water, arrowroot (maranta arundinacea)-water], and tender coconut-wat ...19902345922
a population-based case-control investigation on cancers of the oral cavity in bangalore, india.a case-control study on cancers of the oral cavity was conducted by utilising data from the population based cancer registry. bangalore, india. three hundred and forty-eight cases of cancers of the oral cavity (excluding base tongue) were age and sex matched with controls from the same residential area but with no evidence of cancer. the relative risk due to pan tobacco chewing was elevated in both males and females, being appreciably higher in the latter (relative risk 25.3%; 95% confidence int ...19902245179
natural occurrence of alternaria mycotoxins in sorghum and ragi from north bihar, india.the natural occurrence of major alternaria mycotoxins i.e. alternariol (aoh), alternariol methyl ether (ame), altenuene (alt), altertoxin-1 (atx-1) and tenuazonic acid (ta) has been investigated in sorghum (sorghum vulgare pers.) and ragi (eleusine coracana gaertn.) collected from north bihar. nine out of 20 sorghum samples, and three out of eight ragi samples, were found to be contaminated with one to three alternaria mycotoxins. the toxin elaborating potential of alternaria alternata (fr.) kei ...19902079114
identification of the three major coeliac immunoreactive proteins and one alpha-amylase inhibitor from oat endosperm.six chloroform/methanol-soluble proteins from oat endosperm (avena sativa) have been isolated and characterized by a purification procedure based on extraction with volatile solvents, followed by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. three of these proteins, with an assessed molecular weight of 25,000, 27,000 and 32,000 da, respectively, have been identified by immunoblotting using coeliac sera, as the major coeliac serum iga-binding components of oat endosperm. the n-terminal a ...19921526282
the 'a' genome donor of eleusine coracana (l.) gaertn. (gramineae).in an attempt to discover 'a' and 'b' genome donor(s) to finger millet, eleusine coracana, or its progenitor species, e. africana (both allotetraploid 2n=4x=36), five diploid species, e. indica, e. floccifolia, e. multiflora, e. tristachya and e. intermedia, were crossed to finger millet and its progenitor taxon. crosses were successful only with e. coracana. three combinations of triploid hybrids e. coracana x e. indica, e. coracana x e. floccifolia, and e. coracana x e. multiflora were obtaine ...199224201369
stability and kinetics of a bifunctional amylase/trypsin inhibitor.the stability of the bifunctional amylase/trypsin inhibitor from ragi (indian finger millet, eleusine coracana) has been studied by methods of circular dichroism, uv absorption and intrinsic fluorescence. the inhibitor is stable in 8 m urea and 6 m guanidine-hcl. in 150 mm nacl, thermal denaturation does not occur up to 90 degrees c. however, it is irreversibly denatured in 5 mm nacl if heated over 73 degrees c. the acidic denaturation is reversible in both high and low salt conditions, but it s ...19937692971
glycaemic index of some commonly consumed foods in western india.glycaemic index (gi) was determined in 36 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm) patients. the subjects were fed 50g carbohydrate portions of six foods consumed widely in india including varagu (plaspalum scorbiculatum) alone and in combination with whole and dehusked greengram (phaseolus aureus roxb), bajra (penniseteum typhoideum), jowar (sorghum vulgare) and ragi (eleusine coracana). the gi of varagu alone, varagu in combination with whole greengram and bajra was significantly lower ...199324352140
host genotype dependency and growth enhancing ability of va-mycorrhizal fungi for eleusine coracana (finger millet).inoculation of finger millet (eleusine coracana gaertn.) plants with one of six different vesicular, arbuscular, mycorrhizal (vam) fungi increased plant biomass, height, leaf area and absolute growth rate; however, effectiveness of the various vam fungi varied significantly. maximum root colonization and mycorrhizal efficacy was observed with plants inoculated with glomus caledonicum. among five host genotypes tested for mycorrhizal dependency against g. caledonicum, genotype hr-374 gave the hig ...199324419945
evolution of finger millet: evidence from random amplified polymorphic dna.finger millet (eleusine coracana ssp. coracana) is an annual tetraploid member of a predominantly african genus. the crop is believed to have been domesticated from the tetraploid e. coracana ssp. africana. cytogenetic and isozyme data point to the allopolyploid nature of the species and molecular information has shown e. indica to be one of the genomic donors. a recent isozyme study questioned the proposed phylogenetic relationship between finger millet and its direct ancestor subspecies africa ...19957774797
assessment of genome origins and genetic diversity in the genus eleusine with dna markers.finger millet (eleusine coracana), an allotetraploid cereal, is widely cultivated in the arid and semiarid regions of the world. three dna marker techniques, restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd), and inter simple sequence repeat amplification (issr), were employed to analyze 22 accessions belonging to 5 species of eleusine. an 8 probe--3 enzyme rflp combination, 18 rapd primers, and 6 issr primers, respectively, revealed 14, 10, and 26% polym ...19957672607
determination of the three-dimensional structure of the bifunctional alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor from ragi seeds by nmr spectroscopy.the three-dimensional structure of the bifunctional alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor (rbi) from seeds of ragi (eleusine coracana gaertneri) has been determined in solution using multidimensional 1h and 15n nmr spectroscopy. the inhibitor consists of 122 amino acids, with 5 disulfide bridges, and belongs to the plant alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor family for which no three-dimensional structures have yet been available. the structure of the inhibitor was determined on the basis of 1131 interresid ...19957599120
rbi, a one-domain alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor with completely independent binding sites.the bifunctional inhibitor from ragi (eleusine coracana gaertneri) (rbi) is the only member of the alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor family that inhibits both trypsin and alpha-amylase. here, we show that both enzymes simultaneously and independently bind to rbi. the recently solved three-dimensional nmr structure of rbi has revealed that the inhibitor possesses a hitherto unknown fold for serine proteinase and alpha-amylase inhibitors. despite its different fold, rbi obeys the standard mechanism ...19968941704
genetic variability and diversity for protein and calcium contents in finger millet (eleusine coracana (l.) gaertn) in relation to grain color.analysis of 36 genotypes of finger millet (eleusine coracana (l.) gaertn) with varying seed colors revealed a wide range of protein and calcium contents. white seeded genotypes had higher protein contents, while brown seeded types had a wide range of values. the brown seeded genotype ge 2500 had the highest protein content. although protein content had significant negative association with calcium content, white seeded types had moderate levels of calcium. the genotypic coefficients of variabili ...199810426122
structure of the bifunctional inhibitor of trypsin and alpha-amylase from ragi seeds at 2.9 a resolution.the crystal structure of a bifunctional inhibitor of alpha-amylase and trypsin from the seeds of ragi (indian finger millet, eleusine coracana gaertneri) has been determined by an x-ray diffraction method. the inhibitor consists of 122 amino acids with five disulfide bridges and belongs to the plant alpha-amylase/trypsin-inhibitor family. this is the first crystal structure determination of a member of this family. the protein, purified from the seeds of ragi, has a molecular mass of 13300 da wi ...199910089391
enzymatic treatment and use of starters for the nutrient enhancement in fermented flour of red and white varieties of finger millet (eleusine coracana).two varieties of finger millet (eleusine coracana)-a tannin-containing red variety, co13, and nontannin white variety, co9-processed by treatment with enzymes (cellulase and hemicellulase) and fermentation with starters (from previously fermented finger millet batter), achieved the desirable goals of reduced fermentation time (12 h), increased acidity (2.2 to 2.4%), enhanced in vitro protein digestibility (ivpd) (14 to 26%), and mineral availability compared to 48 h uncontrolled natural fermenta ...199910552488
evaluation of the nutritional quality and acceptability of fingermillet-based tempe as potential weaning foods in tanzania.six types of fingermillet (eleusine coracana)-based tempe were developed by incorporating either commonbeans, groundnuts, cowpeas, mungbeans, chickpeas, sesame and/or their mixtures and fermented by rhizopus oligosporus. the proximate and mineral composition was not changed significantly by fermentation. the protein content of tempe ranged from 13.3 to 15.7%; the total energy, 374.1 to 434.3 kcal/100 g; the protein energy, 13.0 to 15.6%; the net dietary protein energy, 7.2 to 8.7%; and the chemi ...199910719573
structure of the bifunctional inhibitor of trypsin and alpha-amylase from ragi seeds at 2.2 a resolution.the crystal structure of a bifunctional inhibitor of alpha-amylase and trypsin (rati) from ragi seeds (indian finger millet, eleusine coracana gaertneri) has been determined by x-ray diffraction at 2.2 a resolution. the inhibitor consists of 122 amino acids, with five disulfide bridges, and belongs to the plant alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor family. the crystals were grown by the microdialysis method using ammonium sulfate as a precipitating agent. the structure was determined by the molecular- ...200010713515
amino acid profiles after sprouting, autoclaving, and lactic acid fermentation of finger millet (eleusine coracan) and kidney beans (phaseolus vulgaris l.).seeds of finger millet (eleucine coracan (l.) gaertner) and kidney beans (phaseolus vulgaris l.) were sprouted, autoclaved, and fermented during the processing of a weaning (complementary) food for children. relative changes in individual amino acids with processing were evaluated. finger millet and kidney beans both showed a good percentage of essential to total amino acids, with 44. 2-44.9% in finger millet and 44.2-45.1% in kidney beans, when compared to 33.9% for the fao/who reference protei ...200010956072
laying performance of broiler breeder chickens fed various millets or broken rice as a source of energy at a constant nutrient intake.laying performance, egg quality and carcase traits were recorded in broiler breeders (29-48 weeks of age) fed diets in which pearl millet (pennisetum typhoides), finger millet (eleusine coracana), foxtail millet (setaria italica) or broken rice fully replaced yellow maize (50% of the diet) from the reference diet. constant ratios of metabolizable energy to other nutrients were maintained in all the diets. each diet provided 1.38 mj metabolizable energy (me)/bird per day to 8 replicate groups of ...200011059041
correlation between microbial enzyme activities in the rumen fluid of sheep under different treatments.five total mixed rations prepared from finger millet (eleusine coracana) straw as a roughage (48%) and mixed concentrate (52%), supplemented with a 1% isoacid mixture (i-c4, i-c5, c5 and phenylacetic acid in equal proportions) or oil (groundnut oil, 5% more than the control) or urea (5% more nitrogen than the control), and protein (groundnut cake, 5% more nitrogen than the control) were given in a latin square experiment to sheep. enzymatic activities were estimated for urease, cellulase, protea ...200112126297
inhibition of collagen glycation and crosslinking in vitro by methanolic extracts of finger millet (eleusine coracana) and kodo millet (paspalum scrobiculatum).the present investigation was carried out to study the effects of methanolic extracts of finger millet (eleusine coracana) and kodo millet (paspalum scrobiculatum) on glycation and crosslinking of collagen. tail tendons obtained from rats weighing 200-225 g were incubated with glucose (50 mm) and 3 mg of extracts of the above millets in methanol under physiological conditions of temperature and ph for 10 days. early glycation was estimated by phenol-sulfuric acid method and the crosslinking was ...200212231421
evaluation of the antioxidant properties of free and bound phenolic acids from native and malted finger millet (ragi, eleusine coracana indaf-15).free and bound phenolic acids were isolated from native and malted finger millet (ragi, eleusine coracana indaf-15), and their antioxidant properties were evaluated. protocatechuic, gallic, and caffeic acids were found to be the major free phenolic acids. a 3-fold decrease was observed in protocatechuic acid content, whereas the decrease was marginal in the case of caffeic acid upon 96 h of malting. however, the contents of other free phenolic acids such as gallic, vanillic, coumaric, and feruli ...200211829663
changes in alpha-and beta-amylase activities during seed germination of african finger millet.changes in alpha- and beta-amylase activities in african finger millet (eleusine coracana (l) gaertener) were followed during germination. germination on a small scale was performed at 15 degrees c for 1-10 days and at 20, 25 and 30 degrees c for 1-8 days. alpha- and beta-amylase activities in malt crude extracts of germinated finger millet were evaluated spectrophotometrically using chromogenic methods. the highest alpha-amylase activity was exhibited in malt flour of finger millet germinated a ...200212590743
effect of traditional fermentation and malting on phytic acid and mineral availability from sorghum (sorghum bicolor) and finger millet (eleusine coracana) grain varieties grown in kenya.sorghum and finger millet grains are traditional staple foods in kenya. however, they have naturally occurring anti-nutritional factors, such as phytic acid, that decrease their dietary availability. this work determined the effect of fermentation and malting on the phytic acid content of, and mineral availability in five varieties of sorghum and four varieties of finger millet grain grown in kenya. phytic acid ranged from 875.1 to 2,211.9 mg/100 g in sorghum. the levels in finger millet ranged ...200212362804
evaluation of the nutritional characteristics of a finger millet based complementary food.finger millet (eleusine coracana), kidney beans (phaseolus vulgaris), peanuts (arachis hypogoea), and mango (mangifera indica) were processed separately and then combined, on the basis of their amino acid scores and energy content, into a complementary food for children of weaning age. the finger millet and kidney beans were processed by germination, autoclaving, and lactic acid fermentation. a mixture containing, on a dry matter basis, 65.2, 19.1, 8.0, and 7.7% of the processed finger millet, k ...200211982437
three alpha-amylases from malted finger millet (ragi, eleusine coracana, indaf-15)--purification and partial characterization.three alpha-amylases (e.c. 3.2.1.1) were purified to apparent homogeneity from 72 h finger millet malt by three step purification via fractional acetone precipitation, deae-sephacel ion exchange and sephacryl s-200 gel permeation chromatographies with a recovery of 6.5, 2.9, 9.6% and fold purification of 26, 17 and 31, respectively. alpha-nature of these amylases was identified by their ability to rapidly reduce the viscosity of starch solution and also in liberating oligosaccharides of higher d ...200312475615
structural analysis of arabinoxylans isolated from native and malted finger millet (eleusine coracana, ragi).structural elucidation of purified arabinoxylans isolated from finger millet and its malt by methylation, glc-ms, periodate oxidation, smith degradation, nmr, ir, optical rotation, and oligosaccharide analysis indicated that the backbone was a 1,4-beta-d-xylan, with the majority of the residues substituted at c-3. the major oligosaccharide generated by endo xylanase treatment was homogeneous with a molecular weight of 1865 da corresponding to 14 pentose residues as determined by maldi-tof-ms and ...200415388362
phylogeny of eleusine (poaceae: chloridoideae) based on nuclear its and plastid trnt-trnf sequences.phylogenetic relationships in the genus eleusine (poaceae: chloridoideae) were investigated using nuclear its and plastid trnt-trnf sequences. separate and combined data sets were analyzed using parsimony, distance, and likelihood based methods, including bayesian. data congruence was examined using character and topological measures. significant data heterogeneity was detected, but there was little conflict in the topological substructure measures for triplets and quartets, and resolution and c ...200515804411
in vivo effect of whole grain flour of finger millet (eleusine coracana) and kodo millet (paspalum scrobiculatum) on rat dermal wound healing.influence of finger millet and kodo millet on rat dermal wound healing was assessed by making a 4 cm2 (2 x 2 cm) excision wound on the shaven back of rats under ether anesthesia. finger millet or kodo millet flour (300 mg) as aqueous paste was applied topically once daily for 16 days. the granulation tissue formed on day 4, 8 and 12 was used to estimate some biochemical parameters like protein, dna, collagen and lipid peroxides. there was significant increase in protein and collagen contents and ...200515816412
influence of type and amount of straw cover on weed emergence.this research was undertaken during 2003-2004 growing season to evaluate the effects of type [forage sorghum "hybrid cober exp" (sorghum bicolor x sorghum sudanense), forage millet (pennisetum americanum "var. bn2"), finger millet (eleusine coracana), and st lucia grass (brachiaria brizantha)] and amount of straw cover (5.5 and 3.0 t ha(-1)) upon the emergence of bidens pilosa, chamaesyce spp., amaranthus spp., and commelina benghalensis, under field conditions of the brazilian cerrado, in the r ...200515656176
isolation of a cdna clone (pcsrp) encoding serine-rich-protein from porteresia coarctata t. and its expression in yeast and finger millet (eleusine coracana l.) affording salt tolerance.a 1.4 kb cdna clone encoding a serine-rich protein has been isolated from the cdna library of salt stressed roots of porteresia coarctata, and designated as p. coarctata serine-rich-protein (pcsrp) encoding gene. northern analysis and in situ mrna hybridization revealed the expression of pcsrp in the salt stressed roots and rhizome of p. coarctata. however, no such expression was seen in the salt stressed leaves and in the unstressed tissues of root, rhizome and leaf, indicating that pcsrp is un ...200616450172
hemicelluloses of ragi (finger millet, eleusine coracana, indaf-15): isolation and purification of an alkali-extractable arabinoxylan from native and malted hemicellulose b.hemicelluloses (a and b) were isolated from an indo-african hybrid variety of finger millet (ragi, eleusine coracana) by extracting the starch-free residue with 10% sodium hydroxide under a continuous stream of nitrogen, and changes in their sugar composition during malting for 96 h were studied. hemicellulose b, obtained in higher yield from both native (n) and malted (m) flours, was found to be completely soluble in water, richer in uronic acid, and more viscogenic than hemicelullose a. fracti ...200616536617
purification and partial characterization of acetic acid esterase from malted finger millet (eleusine coracana, indaf-15).acetic acid esterase (ec 3.1.1.6) cleaves the acetyl groups substituted at o-2/o-3 of the xylan backbone of arabinoxylans and is known to modulate their functional properties. to date, this enzyme from cereals has not received much attention. in the present study, acetic acid esterase from 72 h ragi malt was isolated and purified to apparent homogeneity by a four-step purification, i.e., ammonium sulfate precipitation, deae-cellulose, sephacryl s-200, and phenyl-sepharose column chromatography, ...200717263491
the genetic map of finger millet, eleusine coracana.restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp), expressed-sequenced tag (est), and simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers were used to generate a genetic map of the tetraploid finger millet (eleusine coracana subsp. coracana) genome (2n = 4x = 36). because levels of variation in finger millet are low, the map was generated in an inter-subspecific f(2) population from a cross between e. coracana subsp. coracana cv. okhale-1 and its wild progenitor e. ...200717103137
purification and characterization of ferulic acid esterase from malted finger millet (eleusine coracana, indaf-15).ferulic acid esterase (ec 3.1.1.73) cleaves the feruloyl groups substituted at the 5'-oh group of arabinosyl residues of arabinoxylans and is known to modulate their functional properties. in this study, ferulic acid esterase from 96 h finger millet malt was purified to apparent homogeneity by three-step purification with a recovery of 3% and a fold purification of 22. the substrate p-nitrophenylferulate (pnpf) was synthesized and used to assay this enzyme spectrophotometrically. the products li ...200717944530
influence of heat processing on the bioaccessibility of zinc and iron from cereals and pulses consumed in india.influence of heat processing on the bioaccessibility of zinc and iron from food grains consumed in india was evaluated. cereals - rice (oryza sativa), finger millet (eleusine coracana), sorghum (sorghum vulgare), wheat (triticum aestivum), and maize (zea mays), and pulses - chickpea (cicer arietinum) - whole and decorticated, green gram (phaseolus aureus) - whole and decorticated, decorticated black gram (phaseolus mungo), decorticated red gram (cajanus cajan), cowpea (vigna catjang), and french ...200717317519
development of transformation vectors based upon a modified plant alpha-tubulin gene as the selectable marker.a plant transformation and selection system has been developed utilizing a modified tubulin gene as a selectable marker. the vector constructs carrying a mutant alpha-tubulin gene from goosegrass conferring resistance to dinitroaniline herbicides were created for transformation of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. these constructs contained beta- and/or mutant alpha-tubulin genes driven either by ubiquitin or camv 35s promoter. the constructs were used for biolistic transformation of f ...200818180180
inhibition of aldose reductase from cataracted eye lenses by finger millet (eleusine coracana) polyphenols.retinopathy is a major cause of blindness in the western world, while cataract is one of the three major causes of blindness worldwide. diabetes is one of the major risk factor in retinopathy and cataract. the prevalence of blindness in india is 15 per 1000 while cataract alone accounts for 80% of this blindness. diabetes induced cataract is characterized by an accumulation of sorbitol which is mediated by the action of a key enzyme aldose reductase (ar). non-enzymatic glycation (binding of gluc ...200818976928
[somaclonal variability as a source for creation of new varieties of finger millet eleusine coracana (l.) gaertn].data on selection and characterizing of finger millet eleusine coracana (l.) gaertn. somaclonal variants regenerated from callus culture are presented and described. among the tested genetically stable lines the somaclonal variant se-7 was the most interesting due to its acquired important agricultural traits, such as a higher seed and biomass yield, rapid seed germination at lower temperatures, shortening of the main plant development stages. data analysis shows that somaclonal variability can ...200918030720
differential positioning of c4 mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts: aggregative movement of c4 mesophyll chloroplasts in response to environmental stresses.in c(4) plants, mesophyll (m) chloroplasts are randomly distributed along the cell walls, while bundle sheath (bs) chloroplasts are typically located in either a centripetal or centrifugal position. we investigated whether these intracellular positions are affected by environmental stresses. when mature leaves of finger millet (eleusine coracana) were exposed to extremely high intensity light, most m chloroplasts aggregatively re-distributed to the bs side, whereas the intracellular arrangement ...200919667101
differential positioning of c(4) mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts: recovery of chloroplast positioning requires the actomyosin system.in c(4) plants, bundle sheath (bs) chloroplasts are arranged in the centripetal position or in the centrifugal position, although mesophyll (m) chloroplasts are evenly distributed along cell membranes. to examine the molecular mechanism for the intracellular disposition of these chloroplasts, we observed the distribution of actin filaments in bs and m cells of the c(4) plants finger millet (eleusine coracana) and maize (zea mays) using immunofluorescence. fine actin filaments encircled chloropla ...200919022806
genetic variability and relationships among thirty genotypes of finger millet (eleusine coracana l. gaertn.) using rapd markers.ragi or finger millet (eleusine coracana l.) is an important crop used for food, forage, and industrial products. it is distributed in tropical and temperate regions of the world. the germplasm identification and characterization is an important link between the conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. traditionally, species or varieties identification has relied on morphological characters like growth habit, leaf architecture or floral morphology. investigation through rapd (ran ...200917425116
carbohydrate-rich foods: glycaemic indices and the effect of constituent macronutrients.the glycaemic index (gi) ranks foods according to their acute glycaemic impact and is used in planning meals for patients invoking glycaemic control through diet. kurakkan (eleusine coracana) flour roti, rice flour roti, atta flour roti, boiled breadfruit (artocarpus altilis/artocarpus communis) and boiled legumes (mungbean, cowpea and chickpea) were categorized as low-gi foods (relative to white bread; prima crust top), and the corresponding gi (+/- standard error of the mean) values were 70+/- ...200919418327
synthesis and antifungal activity of 2-azetidinonyl-5-(2-benzoylphenoxy)methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles against seed-borne pathogens of eleusine coracana (l.) gaertn.finger millet is a major food crop as well as feed and fodder for livestock, especially in regions of southern india. a sturdy crop to fluctuating environmental conditions, it can be cultivated in all seasons of the year. leaf, neck and finger blast caused by pyricularia grisea sacc. and bipolaris setariae (saw.) shoem, as well as leaf spot disease, bipolaris nodulosa (berk & m.a.curtis) shoem, are major production constraints in southern india. apart from environmental conditions, the use of ha ...200919319825
storage behavior of immune-enhancing enteral formulation from natural sources.nutrition support has become an important therapeutic intervention for improving outcomes in hospitalized patients. the present study was carried out with the objective of studying appropriate packaging and storage studies of enteral formulation from natural sources comprising finger millet (eleusine coracana), soyprotein isolate, tomato powder, carrot powder, anne greens (celosia argentea), groundnut oil and fish oil. two type of packages--namely, polypropylene pouches and metallized polyester/ ...200919330629
amelioration of hyperglycaemia and its associated complications by finger millet ( eleusine coracana l.) seed coat matter in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.finger millet (eleusine coracana) is extensively cultivated and consumed in india and africa. the millet seed coat is a rich source of dietary fibre and phenolic compounds. the effect of feeding a diet containing 20% finger millet seed coat matter (scm) was examined in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. diabetic rats maintained on the millet scm diet (diabetic experimental (de) group) for 6 weeks exhibited a lesser degree of fasting hyperglycaemia and partial reversal of abnormalities in seru ...201020979682
population dynamics of caterpillars on three cover crops before sowing cotton in mato grosso (brazil).direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems under a preliminary cover crop such as millet are common in some areas of brazil. lepidopteran pests that damage cotton, soybean and maize crops can proliferate on cover crops, so preventive chemical treatments are necessary. very little data is available on these pests on cover crops. this paper presents the dynamics of spodoptera frugiperda, s. eridania, mocis latipes and diatraea saccharalis caterpillars monitored at primavera do leste, mato grosso ...201021539250
functional markers based molecular characterization and cloning of resistance gene analogs encoding nbs-lrr disease resistance proteins in finger millet (eleusine coracana).magnaporthe grisea, the blast fungus is one of the main pathological threats to finger millet crop worldwide. a systematic search for the blast resistance gene analogs was carried out, using functional molecular markers. three-fourths of the recognition-dependent disease resistance genes (r-genes) identified in plants encodes nucleotide binding site (nbs) leucine-rich repeat (lrr) proteins. nbs-lrr homologs have only been isolated on a limited scale from eleusine coracana. genomic dna sequences ...201021116864
purification of a bifunctional amylase/protease inhibitor from ragi (eleusine coracana) by chromatography and its use as an affinity ligand.an ammonium sulphate fraction (20-60%) of bifunctional amylase/protease inhibitor from ragi (eleusine coracana) was purified by affinity chromatography to give 6.59-fold purity with 81.48% yield. the same ammonium sulphate fraction was also subjected to ion exchange chromatography and was purified 4.28-fold with 75.95% yield. the ion exchange fraction was subjected to gel filtration and the inhibitor was purified to 6.67-fold with 67.36% yield. further sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel ...201020444654
efficiency of rapd, ssr and cytochrome p450 gene based markers in accessing genetic variability amongst finger millet (eleusine coracana) accessions.finger millet (eleusine coracana l.) is an important crop used for food, forage, and industrial products. three dna marker techniques, random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd), simple sequence repeat (ssr) and cytochrome p(450) gene based markers were used for the detection of genetic polymorphism in 83 accessions of finger millet collected from various geographical regions of india and africa. a total of 18 rapd, 10 ssr and 10 pairs of cytochrome p(450) gene based markers were generated 56.17, 7 ...201020333550
comparative evaluation of genetic diversity using rapd, ssr and cytochrome p450 gene based markers with respect to calcium content in finger millet (eleusine coracana l. gaertn.).genetic relationships among 52 eleusine coracana (finger millet) genotypes collected from different districts of uttarakhand were investigated by using randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd), simple sequence repeat (ssr) and cytochrome p450 gene based markers. a total of 18 rapd primers, 10 ssr primers, and 10 pairs of cytochrome p450 gene based markers, respectively, revealed 49.4%, 50.2% and 58.7% polymorphism in 52 genotypes of e. coracana. mean polymorphic information content (pic) for ea ...201020861563
finger millet (eleusine coracana) - an economically viable source for antihypercholesterolemic metabolites production by monascus purpureus.rice, parboiled rice, finger millet, germinated finger millet, broken wheat, njavara (medicinal rice), sorghum and maize were used as substrates for solid state fermentation of monascus purpureus at 28°c for 7 days using 2% seed medium as inoculum for the production of its metabolites. the fungus exhibited good growth in all the substrates. the fermented substrates were dried at 45°c and analysed for antihypercholesterolemic metabolite statins by standardized hplc method and dietary sterol conte ...201023572664
finger millet: eleusine coracana.finger millet (eleusine coracana) is a grass crop grown in africa, india nepal, and many countries of asia. the plant and grain is resistant to drought, pests, and pathogens. it is rich in polyphenols and particularly in calcium. the double headed trypsin, α-amylase inhibitor from this grain has been isolated and characterized extensively. one major use for the grain is the making of fermented beverages after malting. α-amylase and β-amylase are produced during germination. food made from malted ...201020610177
bioaccessible mineral content of malted finger millet (eleusine coracana), wheat (triticum aestivum), and barley (hordeum vulgare).malted grains are extensively used in weaning and geriatric foods. malting generally improves the nutrient content and digestibility of foods. the present investigation examined the influence of malting of finger millet, wheat, and barley on the bioaccessibility of iron, zinc, calcium, copper, and manganese. malting increased the bioaccessibility of iron by >3-fold from the two varieties of finger millet and by >2-fold from wheat, whereas such a beneficial influence was not seen in barley. the b ...201020560601
value addition to finger millet (eleusine coracana) by germination and fermentation with monascus purpureus.the present investigation has been carried out to highlight the importance of germination and fermentation of finger millet with monascus purpureus. finger millet was subjected to (i) germination, (ii) to fermentation with m. purpureus, and (iii) germination followed by fermentation with m. purpureus. the results of this experiment suggest that the germinated (72 h) finger millet fermented (10 days) with m. purpureus showed reduction in phytic acid and tannin contents by 88.8% and 90.1%, respect ...201020450382
prebiotic activity of purified xylobiose obtained from ragi (eleusine coracana, indaf-15) bran.the role of prebiotics in improving human health has attracted global attention and the research is mostly focused on the strains belonging to the genera bifidobacterium and lactobacillus. non-digestible oligosaccharides hold significant role in recent research due to their prebiotic nature. soluble polysaccharides (sp, 14.4%), isolated from ragi bran consisted mainly of arabinose and xylose with minor quantities of rhamnose, mannose, galactose and glucose. ragi bran sp subjected to purified end ...201123729890
agrobacterium-mediated transformation of finger millet (eleusine coracana (l.) gaertn.) using shoot apex explants.a new agrobacterium-mediated transformation system was developed for finger millet using shoot apex explants. the agrobacterium strain lba4404 harboring binary vector pcambia1301, which contained hygromycin phosphotransferase (hptii) as selectable marker gene and β-glucuronidase (gus) as reporter gene, was used for optimization of transformation conditions. two finger millet genotypes, gpu 45 and co 14, were used in this study. the optimal conditions for the agrobacterium-mediated transformation ...201121584677
impact of mine waste dumps on growth and biomass of economically important crops.the present study aimed to investigate the effect of magnesite and bauxite waste dumps on growth and biochemical parameters of some edible and economically important plants such as vigna radiata, v. mungo, v. unguiculata, eleusine coracana, cajanus cajan, pennisetum glaucum, macrotyloma uniflorum, oryza sativa, sorghum bicolour, sesamum indicum, ricinus communis, brassica juncea, gossypium hirsutum and jatropha curcas. the growth rate of all the crops was observed in the range of 75 to 100% in m ...201223741803
fusarium verticillioides from finger millet in uganda.finger millet (eleusine coracana) is a subsistence crop grown in sub-saharan africa and the indian sub-continent. fusarium species occurring on this crop have not been reported. approximately 13% of the fusarium isolates recovered from finger millet growing at three different locations in eastern uganda belong to fusarium verticillioides, and could produce up to 18,600 µg/g of total fumonisins when cultured under laboratory conditions. these strains are all genetically unique, based on aflp anal ...201222916825
bioaccessible nutrients and bioactive components from fortified products prepared using finger millet (eleusine coracana).finger millet (eleusine coracana), a staple food in semi-arid parts of the world, is a rich source of nutrients and bioactive components comparable to rice and wheat but with higher fibre content. unprocessed and processed finger millet (whole flour (wfm), sieved flour (sfm), wafers and vermicelli with altered matrices (added fe or zn or reduced fibre)) were analysed for chemical composition, bioaccessible fe, zn and ca, in vitro digestible starch (ivsd) and protein (ivpd) and bioactive componen ...201222396123
development of transgenic finger millet (eleusine coracana (l.) gaertn.) resistant to leaf blast disease.finger millet plants conferring resistance to leaf blast disease have been developed by inserting a rice chitinase (chi11) gene through agrobacterium-mediated transformation. plasmid phyg-chi.11 harbouring the rice chitinase gene under the control of maize ubiquitin promoter was introduced into finger millet using agrobacterium strain lba4404 (psb1). transformed plants were selected and regenerated on hygromycin-supplemented medium. transient expression of transgene was confirmed by gus histoche ...201222357211
use of ssr, rapd markers and protein profiles based analysis to differentiate eleusine coracana genotypes differing in their protein content.fifty-two genotypes of eleusine coracana collected from uttarakhand hills were subjected to simple sequence repeat (ssr), random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd)-pcr and protein profiling analysis to investigate the variation in protein content. the main objective of the present study was to detect variability among e. coracana and also assess the discriminating ability of these three molecular methods. a total of 21 rapd and 24 ssr primers were assayed for their specificity in detecting genetic ...201222167326
spatial distribution pattern analysis of dof1 transcription factor in different tissues of three eleusine coracana genotypes differing in their grain colour, yield and photosynthetic efficiency.in the present study dof1 gene of finger millet was cloned and sequenced. in silico analysis reveals 61% identity with the sorghum bicolor and 57% identity with the oryza sativa dof1 sequence. a comparative analysis of gene sequences from different crops and three finger millet genotypes {brown (prm-1), golden (prm-701) and white (prm-801)} differing in grain colour, yield and photosynthetic efficiency showed a high degree of sequence identity of dof1 sequence gene ranging from 22 to 70% as evid ...201221643752
a somaclonal line se7 of finger millet (eleusine coracana) exhibits modified cytokinin homeostasis and increased grain yield.the se7 somaclonal line of finger millet (eleusine coracana) achieved increased grain yield in field trials that apparently resulted from a higher number of inflorescences and seeds per plant, compared with the wild type. levels of endogenous cytokinins, especially those of highly physiologically active iso-pentenyl adenine, were increased during early inflorescence development in se7 plants. transcript levels of cytokinin-degrading enzymes but not of a cytokinin-synthesizing enzyme were also de ...201222888132
finger millet (ragi, eleusine coracana l.): a review of its nutritional properties, processing, and plausible health benefits.finger millet or ragi is one of the ancient millets in india (2300 bc), and this review focuses on its antiquity, consumption, nutrient composition, processing, and health benefits. of all the cereals and millets, finger millet has the highest amount of calcium (344mg%) and potassium (408mg%). it has higher dietary fiber, minerals, and sulfur containing amino acids compared to white rice, the current major staple in india. despite finger millet's rich nutrient profile, recent studies indicate lo ...201323522794
cloning, expression and functional validation of drought inducible ascorbate peroxidase (ec-apx1) from eleusine coracana.eleusine coracana (finger millet) is a stress-hardy but under-utilized cereal crop that possesses an efficient antioxidant defense system. the plant is capable of enduring long durations of water deficit stress. experiments were conducted to clone a potent stress responsive isoform of ascorbate peroxidase and validate its role under drought stress. reverse transcriptase pcr was used to obtain the partial cdna of apx1 gene, from a meticulously screened drought tolerant genotype of e. coracana (pr ...201323065288
physiological role of a multigrain diet in metabolic regulations of lipid and antioxidant profiles in hypercholesteremic rats: multigrain diet in hyperlipemia.the objective of the present study was to investigate the lipid and the antioxidant regulatory potential of a multigrain diet in laboratory animals with reference to lipid profiles, tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status.201425780697
the extent of variation in salinity tolerance of the minicore collection of finger millet (eleusine coracana l. gaertn.) germplasm.finger millet (eleusine coracana l. gaertn.) ranks third in production among the dry land cereals. it is widely cultivated in africa and south asia where soil salinization is a major production constraint. it is a potential crop for salt affected soils. to identify salt tolerant germplasm, the minicore finger millet germplasm (n=80) was screened for grain yield performance in a soil saturated with nacl solution of 100 or 125mm. genotype effect was significant for most traits, while salinity×geno ...201425219306
transcriptional expression analysis of genes involved in regulation of calcium translocation and storage in finger millet (eleusine coracana l. gartn.).finger millet (eleusine coracana) variably accumulates calcium in different tissues, due to differential expression of genes involved in uptake, translocation and accumulation of calcium. ca(2+)/h(+) antiporter (cax1), two pore channel (tpc1), cam-stimulated type iib ca(2+) atpase and two cam dependent protein kinase (camk1 and 2) homologs were studied in finger millet. two genotypes gp-45 and gp-1 (high and low calcium accumulating, respectively) were used to understand the role of these genes ...201425101868
[obtaining the transgenic lines of finger millet eleusine coracana (l.) gaertn. with dinitroaniline resistance].the current data is dedicated to the study of bioballistic and agrobacterium-mediated transformation of finger millet with the constructs carrying the mutant alpha-tubulin gene (tuam 1), isolated from r-biotype goosegrass (eleusine indica l.), for the decision of problem of dinitroaniline-resistance. it was found that 10 microm of trifluralin is optimal for the selection of transgene plants of finger millet. pcr analysis of transformed lines confirmed the transgene nature of plants. the analysis ...201425016822
effect of domestic processing on the polyphenol content and bioaccessibility in finger millet (eleusine coracana) and pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum).finger millet (eleusine coracana) and pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum) were evaluated for polyphenolic content and their bioaccessibility. total polyphenols of native finger millet was 10.2mg/g which reduced by 50% after sprouting or pressure-cooking, while 12-19% reduction was seen after open-pan boiling. total flavonoids of the grain reduced drastically on sprouting, pressure-cooking or open-pan boiling. concentration of phenolic acids generally increased during sprouting and roasting of fing ...201424996305
health benefits of finger millet (eleusine coracana l.) polyphenols and dietary fiber: a review.the growing public awareness of nutrition and health care research substantiates the potential of phytochemicals such as polyphenols and dietary fiber on their health beneficial properties. hence, there is in need to identify newer sources of neutraceuticals and other natural and nutritional materials with the desirable functional characteristics. finger millet (eleusine coracana), one of the minor cereals, is known for several health benefits and some of the health benefits are attributed to it ...201424876635
fluctuation of dof1/dof2 expression ratio under the influence of varying nitrogen and light conditions: involvement in differential regulation of nitrogen metabolism in two genotypes of finger millet (eleusine coracana l.).in order to gain insights into the mechanism of high nitrogen use efficiency (nue) of finger millet (fm) the role of dof2 transcription factor (tf), which is a repressor of genes involved in c/n metabolism was investigated. the partial cdna fragment of ecdof2 (912-bp; genbank acc. no. kf261117) was isolated and characterized from finger millet (fm) that showed 63% and 58% homology with dof2 of zea mays at nucleotide and protein level, respectively. its expression studies were carried out along w ...201424875415
transcriptome analysis of salinity responsiveness in contrasting genotypes of finger millet (eleusine coracana l.) through rna-sequencing.finger millet (eleusine coracana l.) is a hardy cereal known for its superior level of tolerance against drought, salinity, diseases and its nutritional properties. in this study, attempts were made to unravel the physiological and molecular basis of salinity tolerance in two contrasting finger millet genotypes viz., co 12 and trichy 1. physiological studies revealed that the tolerant genotype trichy 1 had lower na(+) to k(+) ratio in leaves and shoots, higher growth rate (osmotic tolerance) and ...201424838653
identification of genes involved in carbon metabolism from eleusine coracana (l.) for understanding their light-mediated entrainment and regulation.the study would be helpful in understanding the synchronization of genes of a pathway and its effect on carbon metabolism which can be further utilized for better agronomic performance. finger millet (eleusine coracana) is a c4 crop with high nitrogen use efficiency (nue) said to be organic by default. being carbon and nitrogen mutually exclusive, in the present study, it was investigated how light regulates the expression of genes of carbon metabolism and photosynthesis in two finger millet gen ...201424825394
chloroplast genes as genetic markers for inferring patterns of change, maternal ancestry and phylogenetic relationships among eleusine species.assessment of phylogenetic relationships is an important component of any successful crop improvement programme, as wild relatives of the crop species often carry agronomically beneficial traits. since its domestication in east africa, eleusine coracana (2n = 4x = 36), a species belonging to the genus eleusine (x = 8, 9, 10), has held a prominent place in the semi-arid regions of india, nepal and africa. the patterns of variation between the cultivated and wild species reported so far and the in ...201424790119
salt tolerance and activity of antioxidative enzymes of transgenic finger millet overexpressing a vacuolar h(+)-pyrophosphatase gene (sbvppase) from sorghum bicolor.a vacuolar proton pyrophosphatase cdna clone was isolated from sorghum bicolor (sbvppase) using end-to-end gene-specific primer amplification. it showed 80-90% homology at the nucleotide and 85-95% homology at the amino acid level with other vppases. the gene was introduced into expression vector pcambia1301 under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s (camv35s) promoter and transformed into agrobacterium tumifaciens strain lba4404 to infect embryogenic calli of finger millet (eleusine ...201424877670
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