Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID(sorted descending)
Filter
storage characteristics, nutritive value, energy content, and in vivo digestibility of moist, large rectangular bales of alfalfa-orchardgrass hay treated with a propionic acid-based preservative.unstable weather, poor drying conditions, and unpredictable rainfall events often place valuable hay crops at risk. recent research with large round bales composed of alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) and orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) has shown that these large-bale packages are particularly sensitive to spontaneous heating and dry matter (dm) losses, as well as other undesirable changes with respect to forage fiber, protein, and energy density. various formulations of organic acids have been ...201323415527
stomata are less responsive to environmental stimuli in high background ozone in dactylis glomerata and ranunculus acris.two mesotrophic grassland species, ranunculus acris and dactylis glomerata were exposed to a range of ozone treatments (16.2-89.5 ppb 24 h mean) and two watering regimes under naturally fluctuating photosynthetically active radiation (par), vapour pressure deficit (vpd) and temperature. stomatal conductance was measured throughout the experiments, and the combined data set (>1000 measurements) was analysed for effects of low and high ozone on responses to environmental stimuli. we show that when ...201323354156
relationship between water soluble carbohydrate content, aphid endosymbionts and clonal performance of sitobion avenae on cocksfoot cultivars.aphids feed on plant phloem sap, rich in sugars but poor in essential amino acids. however, sugars cause osmotic regulation problems for aphids, which they overcome by hydrolysing the sugars in their gut and polymerising the hydrolysis products into oligosaccharides, excreted with honeydew. aphids harbour primary bacterial endosymbionts, which supply them with essential amino acids necessary for survival. they also harbour secondary (facultative) endosymbionts (sfs), some of which have a positiv ...201323342134
traditional uses of some medicinal plants in malatya (turkey).this study has identified not only the wild plants collected for medical purposes by local people of malatya province in the eastern anatolia region, but also the uses and local names of these plants. it tried to provide a source for researchers studying in ethnobotany, pharmacology and chemistry by comparing the information obtained from traditionally used herbs with previous laboratory studies.201323333750
anaerobic methane production from five common grassland species at sequential stages of maturity.since grass will likely be a dominant feedstock for on-farm anaerobic digestion in northwest europe, changes in the chemical composition of five common grass species with advancing harvest date in the primary growth were investigated and related to specific ch(4) yields. the increase in fibre components with advancing harvest date had a negative impact on the specific ch(4) yield (253 and 225 nl ch(4) kg(-1) vs for 12 may and 7 july harvests, respectively), and this impact was similar across the ...201323131635
the crystallographic structure of panicum mosaic virus (pmv).the structure of panicum mosaic virus (pmv) was determined by x-ray diffraction analysis to 2.9å resolution. the crystals were of pseudo symmetry f23; the true crystallographic unit cell was of space group p2(1) with a=411.7å, b=403.9å and c=412.5å, with β=89.7°. the asymmetric unit was two entire t=3 virus particles, or 360 protein subunits. the structure was solved by conventional molecular replacement from two distant homologues, cocksfoot mottle virus (cfmv) and tobacco necrosis virus (tnv), ...201323123270
synthesis and herbicidal activity of substituted pyrazole isothiocyanates.isothiocyanates and substituted pyrazoles were combined to form a series of novel isothiocyanates with highly effective herbicidal activity. the target compounds were analyzed by elemental analysis, 1h-nmr, ei-ms and ir spectroscopy. the synthesized compounds, particularly compounds 3-1 and 3-7, exhibited good herbicidal activities against four weeds. the ec(50) values of compound 3-1 against echinochloa crusgalli l., cyperus iria l., dactylis glomerata l., and trifolium repens l. were 64.32, 65 ...201223075815
antimony, arsenic and lead distribution in soils and plants of an agricultural area impacted by former mining activities.an agricultural area impacted by the former exploitation of an arsenical lead-antimony deposit was studied in order to assess the current and eventual environmental and health impacts. samples of soils and cultivated (wheat) and spontaneously growing plants were collected at different distances from the mine pits and analyzed for the toxic element content and distribution. the soil total concentrations of sb, as and pb found in the uppermost soil layer (14.1-324, 246-758 and 757-10,660 mg kg(-1) ...201223063636
pretreatment as the crucial step for a cellulosic ethanol biorefinery: testing the efficiency of wet explosion on different types of biomass.the efficiency of wet explosion applied as modified dilute acid pretreatment at previously identified reference conditions (150°c, 0.3% h(2)so(4), 15 min) was investigated on lucerne, ryegrass, fescue grass, cocksfoot grass, rye fescue, forage grass, and wheat straw in order to identify their potential as feedstock for cellulosic bioethanol production. after pretreatment, cellulose recovery was more than 95% for all biomass while enzymatic convertibility of cellulose ranged from 40% to 80%. lowe ...201222989639
leaching and ponding of viral contaminants following land application of biosolids on sandy-loam soil.much of the land available for application of biosolids is cropland near urban areas. biosolids are often applied on hay or grassland during the growing season or on corn ground before planting or after harvest in the fall. in this study, mesophilic anaerobic digested (mad) biosolids were applied at 56,000 l/ha on a sandy-loam soil over large containment lysimeters seeded to perennial covers of orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.), switchgrass (panicum virgatum), or planted annually to maize (ze ...201222885066
effect of incremental flaxseed supplementation of an herbage diet on methane output and ruminal fermentation in continuous culture.a 4-unit dual-flow continuous culture fermentor system was used to assess the effect of increasing flaxseed (linum usitatissimum) supplementation of an herbage-based diet on nutrient digestibility, microbial n synthesis, and methane (ch(4)) output. treatments were randomly assigned to fermentors in a 4 × 4 latin square design, with 7d for diet adaptation and 3d for data and sample collection. treatments were 0, 5, 10, and 15% ground flaxseed supplementation of an orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata ...201222720950
zymoseptoria ardabiliae and z. pseudotritici, two progenitor species of the septoria tritici leaf blotch fungus z. tritici (synonym: mycosphaerella graminicola).zymoseptoria is a newly described genus that includes the prominent wheat pathogen zymoseptoria tritici (synonyms mycosphaerella graminicola and septoria tritici). studies indicated that the center of origin of z. tritici is in the middle east where this important pathogen emerged during the domestication of wheat. several zymoseptoria species have been found on uncultivated grasses in the middle east, and in this article we describe two new zymoseptoria species from iran. these species, isolate ...201222675045
expansion of a globally pervasive grass occurs without substantial trait differences between home and away populations.the global expansion of species beyond their ancestral ranges can derive from mechanisms that are trait-based (e.g., post-establishment evolved differences compared to home populations) or circumstantial (e.g., propagule pressure, with no trait-based differences). these mechanisms can be difficult to distinguish following establishment, but each makes unique predictions regarding trait similarity between ancestral ('home') and introduced ('away') populations. here, we tested for trait-based popu ...201222669263
a genetic linkage map of tetraploid orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) and quantitative trait loci for heading date.orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.), or cocksfoot, is indigenous to eurasia and northern africa, but has been naturalized on nearly every continent and is one of the top perennial forage grasses grown worldwide. to improve the understanding of genetic architecture of orchardgrass and provide a template for heading date candidate gene search in this species, the goals of the present study were to construct a tetraploid orchardgrass genetic linkage map and identify quantitative trait loci associa ...201222551303
identification and characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from mixed pasture of timothy and orchardgrass, and its badly preserved silage.in order to understand the relationship between lactic acid bacteria (lab) species and silage fermentation, a total of 65 lab strains isolated from mixed pasture of timothy (phleum pratense l.) and orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.), and its badly preserved silages were subjected to phenotypic and genetic analysis. according to these analyses, the isolates were divided into 13 groups, including enterococcus gallinarum, lactobacillus acidipiscis, l. coryniformis subsp. coryniformis, l. corynifo ...201122515692
traceability of grass feeding in beef: terpenes, 2,3-octanedione and skatole accumulation in adipose tissue of young bulls.the development of analytical methods to verify the production system of meat products requires the identification of biomarkers that can trace the product's origin, and secondly the factors that govern the deposition of these markers in animal tissue need to be defined. in this study, 2,3-octanedione, skatole and terpenes were selected as biomarkers, and their deposition was investigated in bull calves reared under three different strategies. all of the animals were reared indoors until approxi ...201122439961
genetic variation and comparison of orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) cultivars and wild accessions as revealed by ssr markers.orchardgrass is a highly variable, perennial forage grass that is cultivated throughout temperate and subtropical regions of the world. despite its economic importance, the genetic relationship and distance among and within cultivars are largely unknown but would be of great interest for breeding programs. we investigated the molecular variation and structure of cultivar populations, compared the level of genetic diversity among cultivars (baoxing, anba, bote, and kaimo), subspecies (dactylis gl ...201222427034
cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus establishes infection through the phloem.cocksfoot mottle virus (cfmv) localization in oat plants was analyzed during three weeks post infection by immunohistochemical staining to follow its spread through different tissues. in early stages of infection, the virus was first detectable in phloem parenchyma and bundle sheath cells of inoculated leaves. bundle sheath and phloem parenchyma were also the cell types where the virus was first detected in stems and systemic leaves of infected plants. in later stages of infection, cfmv spread a ...201222425583
reduced soil water availability did not protect two competing grassland species from the negative effects of increasing background ozone.two common (semi-) natural temperate grassland species, dactylis glomerata and ranunculus acris, were grown in competition and exposed to two watering regimes: well-watered (ww, 20-40% v/v) and reduced-watered (rw, 7.5-20% v/v) in combination with eight ozone treatments ranging from pre-industrial to predicted 2100 background levels. for both species there was a significant increase in leaf damage with increasing background ozone concentration. rw had no protective effect against increasing leve ...201222420992
the distribution of hla alleles among children with atopic asthma in croatia.allergic asthma is a multifactorial disease involving well known environmental factors and less identified genetic components. in several studies the hla genes have been implicated in the development of asthma and atopy, but the importance of these associations remains unclear. the aim of the present study was to analyse the distribution of specificities at hla class i loci (-a and -b) and hla class ii locus (-drb1) in a group of 143 croatian children with atopic asthma, regarding total serum ig ...201122397267
redox state of low-molecular-weight thiols and disulphides during somatic embryogenesis of salt-treated suspension cultures of dactylis glomerata l.the tripeptide antioxidant γ-l-glutamyl-l-cysteinyl-glycine, or glutathione (gsh), serves a central role in ros scavenging and oxidative signalling. here, gsh, glutathione disulphide (gssg), and other low-molecular-weight (lmw) thiols and their corresponding disulphides were studied in embryogenic suspension cultures of dactylis glomerata l. subjected to moderate (0.085 m nacl) or severe (0.17 m nacl) salt stress. total glutathione (gsh + gssg) concentrations and redox state were associated with ...201222348546
comparison of a colorimetric and a high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of fructan in pasture grasses for horses.pasture (fresh or conserved as hay/haylage) forms the basis of most equid diets and contains varying amounts (0 to ≥ 200 g kg⁻¹ dry matter (dm) or more) of fructans. over-consumption of fructan is associated with the onset of laminitis in equids, an agonizing condition that may necessitate euthanasia. to enable appropriate dietary management of animals susceptible to laminitis, it is essential that fructans can be properly quantified in fresh and conserved pasture. for research purposes, fructan ...201222297902
dynamic trajectories of growth and nitrogen capture by competing plants.although dynamic, plant competition is usually estimated as biomass differences at a single, arbitrary time; resource capture is rarely measured. this restricted approach perpetuates uncertainty. to address this problem, we characterized the competitive dynamics of dactylis glomerata and plantago lanceolata as continuous trajectories of biomass production and nitrogen (n) capture. plants were grown together or in isolation. biomass and n content were measured at 17 harvests up to 76 d after sowi ...201222236094
skin prick testing to aeroallergen extracts: what is the optimal panel in children and adolescents in turkey?background/objective: the skin prick test (spt) is the standard tool for the diagnosis of ige-mediated allergic diseases. the number and spectrum of allergen extracts to be applied for the diagnosis of sensitized patients in order to achieve the most cost-effective and informative results are critical from both economic and scientific viewpoints. methods: in order to determine the minimum test battery panel necessary to cover at least 95% of the cases of spt sensitization in children and adolesc ...201122123205
meat quality of cryptorchid lambs grazing either dryland or irrigated perennial pasture with some silage supplementation.the meat quality of lambs grazed on perennial pasture (ryegrass lolium perenne, cocksfoot, dactylis glomerata and white clover trifolium repens) was examined in three treatments; group 1 (s) lambs were grazed on dryland pasture for 30 days and then offered a supplement of pasture silage ad libitum until slaughter, 30 days later (n = 21). lambs in group 2 (p) were grazed on dryland pasture throughout (n = 28) and those in group 3 (ip) on irrigated pasture (n = 28). lambs in group ip had a signifi ...199822060577
Glycoproteins are species-specific markers and major IgE reactants in grass pollens.Grass pollen allergic patients are concomitantly exposed and sensitized to pollens from multiple Pooideae (i.e. common grass) species. As such, they are currently desensitized by allergen-specific immunotherapy using extracts made from mixes of pollens from Anthoxanthum odoratum, Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense and Poa pratensis. Herein, we demonstrate that species-specific glycoprotein patterns are documented by 1D and 2D electrophoresis and Western blotting analysis, which ...201121951299
within season and carry-over effects following exposure of grassland species mixtures to increasing background ozone.few studies have investigated effects of increased background ozone in the absence of episodic peaks, despite a predicted increase throughout the northern hemisphere over the coming decades. in this study leontodon hispidus was grown with anthoxanthum odoratum or dactylis glomerata and exposed in the uk to one of eight background ozone concentrations for 20 weeks in solardomes. seasonal mean ozone concentrations ranged from 21.4 to 102.5 ppb. ozone-induced senescence of l. hispidus was enhanced ...201121763041
enhanced nitrogen deposition exacerbates the negative effect of increasing background ozone in dactylis glomerata, but not ranunculus acris.the combined impacts of simulated increased nitrogen (n) deposition (75kgnha(-1)yr(-1)) and increasing background ozone (o(3)) were studied using two mesotrophic grassland species (dactylis glomerata and ranunculus acris) in solardomes, by means of eight o(3) treatments ranging from 15.5ppb to 92.7ppb (24h average mean). a-c(i) curves were constructed for each species to gauge effects on photosynthetic efficiency and capacity, and effects on biomass partitioning were determined after 14 weeks. i ...201121741736
allelochemical stress inhibits growth, leaf water relations, psii photochemistry, non-photochemical fluorescence quenching, and heat energy dissipation in three c3 perennial species.in this study, the effect of two allelochemicals, benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one (boa) and cinnamic acid (ca), on different physiological and morphological characteristics of 1-month-old c(3) plant species (dactylis glomerata, lolium perenne, and rumex acetosa) was analysed. boa inhibited the shoot length of d. glomerata, l. perenne, and r. acetosa by 49%, 19%, and 19% of the control. the root length of d. glomerata, l. perenne, and r. acetosa growing in the presence of 1.5 mm boa and ca was decreased c ...201121659663
effect of ensiled hop (humulus lupulus l.) residues on plasma acetate turnover rate in sheep.an isotope dilution method using [1-(13) c]sodium acetate was applied to determine the effect of feeding ensiled hop (humulus lupulus l.) residues on plasma acetate turnover rate in six adult crossbred sheep. the sheep were fed 63 g/kg body weight (bw)(0.75) /day of either mixed hay of orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) and reed canarygrass (phalaris arundinacea l.) and round bale silage at 3:1 ratio (hay-diet), or another where round bale silage was replaced by ensiled hop residues (hop-diet) ...201121615839
cross-species amplification tests and diversity analysis using 56 pcr markers in dactylis glomerata and lolium perenne.we report results of cross-species amplification in dactylis glomerata and lolium perenne of 12 simple sequence repeats (ssrs) isolated from lolium multiflorum×festuca glaucescens, 42 ssrs from festuca arundinacea and two sequence tagged sites from oryza sativa. we compared the transferability and diversity between d. glomerata and l. perenne, which are important forage crops. while nei's gene diversity values were equivalent in both species (from 0.14 to 0.92), the mean number of allele per loc ...200921564590
ammonia volatilization from surface-banded and broadcast application of liquid dairy manure on grass forage.manure can provide valuable nutrients, especially n, for grass forage, but high nh, volatilization losses from standard surface-broadcast application limits n availability and raises environmental concerns. eight field trials were conducted to evaluate the emission of nh, from liquid dairy manure, either surface broadcast or applied in narrow surface bands with a trailing-foot implement. manure was applied using both techniques at rates of approximately 25 and 50 m3 ha(-1) on either orchardgrass ...201121520744
pollen proteases compromise the airway epithelial barrier through degradation of transmembrane adhesion proteins and lung bioactive peptides.to cite this article: vinhas r, cortes l, cardoso i, mendes vm, manadas b, todo-bom a, pires e, veríssimo p. pollen proteases compromise the airway epithelial barrier through degradation of transmembrane adhesion proteins and lung bioactive peptides. allergy 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02598.x. abstract: background:  allergic disorders, such as seasonal rhinitis and asthma, are increasing causes of morbidity worldwide and often result from exposure to airborne pollen. pollen allergy has ...201121480927
orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) est and ssr marker development, annotation, and transferability.orchardgrass, or cocksfoot [dactylis glomerata (l.)], has been naturalized on nearly every continent and is a commonly used species for forage and hay production. all major cultivated varieties of orchardgrass are autotetraploid, and few tools or information are available for functional and comparative genetic analyses and improvement of the species. to improve the genetic resources for orchardgrass, we have developed an est library and ssr markers from salt, drought, and cold stressed tissues. ...201121465186
genetic maps of ssr and srap markers in diploid orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) using the pseudo-testcross strategy.orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) is one of the most important cool-season forage grasses commonly grown throughout the temperate regions of the world. the objective of this work was to construct a diploid (2n = 2x = 14) orchardgrass genetic linkage map useful as a framework for basic genetic studies and plant breeding. a combination of simple sequence repeat (ssr) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (srap) molecular markers were used for map construction. the linkage relationships am ...201121423284
occurrence of associative effects between grasses and legumes in binary mixtures on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics.when animals are fed a grass and legume mixture, digestive interactions can occur in the rumen between the substrates contained in the different plants, and the response of the animal to the combination of forages can differ from the balanced median values of their components considered individually. our objective was to assess the associative effects between temperate forages in 8 grass-legume binary combinations on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics to highlight synergies or antagonis ...201121415423
transformation of epichloë typhina by electroporation of conidia.choke, caused by the endophytic fungus epichloë typhina, is an important disease affecting orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) seed production in the willamette valley. little is known concerning the conditions necessary for successful infection of orchardgrass by e. typhina. detection of e. typhina in plants early in the disease cycle can be difficult due to the sparse distribution of hyphae in the plant. therefore, a sensitive method to detect fungal infection in plants would provide an inval ...201121375770
nucleotide bias of dcl and ago in plant anti-virus gene silencing.plant dicer-like (dcl) and argonaute (ago) are the key enzymes involved in anti-virus post-transcriptional gene silencing (av-ptgs). here we show that av-ptgs exhibited nucleotide preference by calculating a relative av-ptgs efficiency on processing viral rna substrates. in comparison with genome sequences of dicot-infecting turnip mosaic virus (tumv) and monocot-infecting cocksfoot streak virus (csv), viral-derived small interfering rnas (vsirnas) displayed positive correlations between av-ptgs ...201021203927
do sheep (ovis aries) categorize plant species according to botanical family?the ability of grazing herbivores to assign food types to categories by relying on certain relevant criteria could considerably reduce cognitive demand and increase their foraging efficiency when selecting among many different plant items. grasses and legumes differ functionally in vegetation communities as well as in nutritive value. we aimed to determine whether sheep can generalize an aversion they learnt for a grass or a legume species to another species of the same functional type and conse ...201121203791
protein-rna linkage and post-translational modifications of two sobemovirus vpgs.sobemoviruses possess a viral genome-linked protein (vpg) attached to the 5' end of viral rna. vpg is processed from the viral polyprotein. in the current study, cocksfoot mottle virus (cfmv) and rice yellow mottle virus (rymv) vpgs were purified from virions and analysed by mass spectrometry. the cleavage sites in the polyprotein and thereof the termini of vpg were experimentally proven. the lengths of the mature vpgs were determined to be 78 and 79 aa residues, respectively. the amino acid res ...201021068217
effects of cytoplasm and gene dosage on expression of male sterility in dactylis glomerata. 194621066350
two new species of rhynchosporium.rhynchosporium consists of two species, r. secalis and r. orthosporum. both are pathogens of grasses with r. secalis infecting a variety of poaceae hosts and r. orthosporum infecting dactylis glomerata. phylogenetic analyses of multilocus dna sequence data on r. secalis isolates originating from cultivated barley, rye, triticale and other grasses, including agropyron spp., bromus diandrus and hordeum spp., resolved the monophyletic groups into three species according to their respective hosts. h ...201120943529
the effects of endophytes on seed production and seed predation of tall fescue and meadow fescue.fungal endophytes of grasses are often included in agricultural management and in ecological studies of natural grass populations. in european agriculture and ecological studies, however, grass endophytes are largely ignored. in this study, we determined endophyte infection frequencies of 13 european cultivars and 49 wild tall fescue (schedonorus phoenix) populations in northern europe. we then examined seed production and seed predation of endophyte-infected (e+) and endophyte-free (e-) tall fe ...201020871988
root-shoot growth responses during interspecific competition quantified using allometric modelling.plant competition studies are restricted by the difficulty of quantifying root systems of competitors. analyses are usually limited to above-ground traits. here, a new approach to address this issue is reported.201020829193
bridging allergologic and botanical knowledge in seasonal allergy: a role for phenology.grass pollen is a worldwide cause of respiratory allergy. identifying the causative species is essential, for example for choosing the appropriate immunotherapy, because not all grass allergens are totally cross-reacting, and the pollen calendars provide only a gross estimate. phenologic analyses allow identification of the pollen release for each individual grass.201020800789
enzymatic activity of a mine soil varies according to vegetation cover and level of compost applied.we applied three doses of compost from mixed municipal solid waste (0, 15, and 30 g kg(-1) of soil) to a soil developed on pyrite mine wastes. part of the soil was planted with young erica australis l. collected at the mine; part was fertilized with n-p-k-mg and sown with dactylis glomerata l .bare soil without mineral fertilization was included in the experiment, as well. compost application to bare soil increased ph, provided plant nutrients, and enhanced the activity of the six soil enzymes t ...201020734914
plant resource-use strategies: the importance of phenotypic plasticity in response to a productivity gradient for two subalpine species.functional traits are indicators of plant interactions with their environment and the resource-use strategies of species can be defined through some key functional traits. the importance of genetic variability and phenotypic plasticity in trait variations in response to a common environmental change was investigated in two subalpine species.201020682576
uptake and transformation of soil [14c]-trinitrotoluene by cool-season grasses.this study investigated the fate and uptake of [(14)c]-tnt from soil into orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata), perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), and tall fescue (festuca arundinacea) over a one year period in a greenhouse-controlled environment. pots (n = 4 for each grass, containing 10 mg cold tnt/kg soil + 1.2 mg [(14)c]-tnt/kg soil and controls with no tnt) were exposed to light and temperature conditions typical of june at 45 degrees n for 369 days. three plant harvests were made (63, 181, ...201020666491
which allergen extract for grass pollen immunotherapy? an in vitro study.grass pollen is a major cause of allergy throughout the world. the only treatment targeting the causes and not only the symptoms of allergy is specific immunotherapy (it). a number of controlled trials demonstrated the efficacy of it in grass pollen allergic subjects, most using extracts of multiple grasses but some using extracts of a single grass. the optimal grass extract for it has not yet been established.201020653430
effects of spontaneous heating on estimates of total digestible nutrients for alfalfa-orchardgrass hays packaged in large round bales.large round or large square hay packages are more likely to heat spontaneously during storage than hay packaged in conventional (45 kg) bales, and the effects of this phenomenon on the associated energy estimates for these hays can be severe. our objectives for this project were to assess the relationship between estimates of total digestible nutrients (tdn) and spontaneous heating and to describe any important differences in energy estimates that may result specifically from 2 methods of estima ...201020630254
ultraviolet-absorbing compounds in milk are related to forage polyphenols.the aim of this work was to characterize uv-absorbing compounds (uac) in milk in relation to diet. in winter, 4 groups of cows each received a different diet: concentrate rich containing 35% cocksfoot hay (cch), maize silage (ms), rye grass silage (rs), or rye grass hay (rh). in summer, 2 additional diets were given: mountain grassland hay (gh) and mountain grassland pasture (gp). polyphenols were analyzed by hplc and folin reaction on forages and uac were extracted from milks and analyzed by hp ...201020630201
detection of cereal yellow dwarf virus using small interfering rnas and enhanced infection rate with cocksfoot streak virus in wild cocksfoot grass (dactylis glomerata).small rna sequences were obtained from leaf extracts of wild dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot grass) using deep sequencing (454 life sciences, roche diagnostics), and were screened against virus sequences in genbank using a local blastn search program (bioedit). putative small interfering (si)rnas complementary in sequence to cereal yellow dwarf virus (cydv, genus luteovirus) genomes were identified. primer sequences were made against the "high scoring" sirna sequences and rt-pcr was used to amplif ...201020558208
[examination about positive ratio of pollen antigens by scratch test].japanese cedars and grass are famous for causing pollen allergy with antigen. but recently, many other antigens causing pollen allergy are coming to the front. we investigated positive ratios of pollen antigens of the consultation patients.200920220303
effects of spontaneous heating on forage protein fractions and in situ disappearance kinetics of crude protein for alfalfa-orchardgrass hays packaged in large round bales.during 2006 and 2007, forages from 3 individual hay harvests were used to assess the effects of spontaneous heating on concentrations of crude protein (cp), neutral detergent insoluble cp (ndicp), acid detergent insoluble cp (adicp), and in situ disappearance kinetics of cp and ndicp for large round bales of mixed alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) and orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.). over the 3 harvests, 96 large round bales were made at preset bale diameters of 0.9, 1.2, or 1.5m and at moisture ...201020172236
cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus coat protein contains two nuclear localization signals.cocksfoot mottle virus (cfmv) coat protein (cp) localization was studied in plant and mammalian cells. fusion of the full-length cp with enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) localized to the cell nucleus whereas similar constructs lacking the first 33 n-terminal amino acids of cp localized to the cytoplasm. cp and egfp fusions containing mutations in the arginine-rich motif of cp localized to the cytoplasm and to the nucleus in plant cells indicating the involvement of the motif in nuclear ...201020155311
proof of concept pilot study: prevalence of grass virus infection and the potential for effects on the allergenic potency of pollen.wild plants harbour a variety of viruses and these have the potential to alter the composition of pollen. the potential consequences of virus infection of grasses on pollen-induced allergic disease are not known.200920102577
characterization of allergenic epitopes of ory s1 protein from oryza sativa and its homologs.vaccination is the most effective technique suggested now days for allergy treatment. recombinant-based approaches are mostly focused on genetic modification of allergens to produce molecules with reduced allergenic activity and conserved antigenicity. the molecules developed for vaccination in allergy possess significantly reduced allergenicity in terms of ige binding, and therefore will not lead to anaphylactic reactions upon injection. this approach is probably feasible with every peptide all ...200920011147
optimization of culture conditions of arnica montana l.: effects of mycorrhizal fungi and competing plants.arnica montana is a rare plant that needs special protection because of its intensive harvesting for medicinal purposes. the present work was aimed at finding optimal culture conditions for arnica plants in order to enable their successful reintroduction into their natural stands. plants were cultivated under controlled greenhouse conditions on substrata with different nitrogen (n) concentration. as arnica is always colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in nature, a fact that has been ...201019838743
rhizosphere microbial densities and trace metal tolerance of the nickel hyperaccumulator alyssum serpyllifolium subsp. lusitanicum.in this study we determine culturable microbial densities (total heterotrophs, ammonifiers, amylolytics and cellulolytics) and bacterial resistance to co, cr, and ni in bulk and rhizosphere soils of three populations of the ni-hyperaccumulator alyssum serpyllifolium subsp. lusitanicum and the excluder dactylis glomerata from ultramafic sites (two populations in northeast (ne) portugal (samil (s), morais (m)) and one population in northwest (nw) spain (melide (l)). the relationship between bioava ...200919810353
stem-loop structure of cocksfoot mottle virus rna is indispensable for programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting.the -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (-1 prf) mechanism utilized by many viruses is dependent on a heptanucleotide slippery sequence and a downstream secondary structure element. in the current study, the rna structure downstream from the slippery site of cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus (cfmv) was proven to be a 12bp stem-loop with a single bulge and a tetranucleotide loop. several deletion and insertion mutants with altered stem-loop structures were tested in wheat germ extract (wge) for fram ...200919748532
comparative sequence analysis and serological and infectivity studies indicate that cocksfoot mild mosaic virus is a member of the genus panicovirus.the complete nucleotide sequence of the phleum isolate of cocksfoot mild mosaic virus (cmmv-p) and the coat protein sequence of the cocksfoot isolate (cmmv-1) were determined. comparative sequence analysis revealed a close relationship with panicum mosaic virus (pmv; genus panicovirus), and together with serological studies, the work supports the classification of cmmv in the family tombusviridae, genus panicovirus rather than, as is currently proposed, the genus sobemovirus. a full-length cdna ...200919693646
effect of supplementation of grazing dairy ewes with a cereal concentrate on animal performance and milk fatty acid profile.this work was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementing grazing ewes on pasture with a cereal concentrate on the milk fatty acid (fa) profile. ninety assaf ewes in mid lactation were distributed in 9 lots of 10 animals each and allocated to 3 feeding regimens: 1) pasture--ewes were only allowed to graze pasture (an irrigated sward of lolium perenne, trifolium pratense, and dactylis glomerata); 2) ps--grazing ewes were supplemented with oat grain (700 g/animal and day); and 3) tmr--ewe ...200919620680
fatty acid metabolism and deposition in subcutaneous adipose tissue of pasture- and feedlot-finished cattle.an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of pasture finishing versus feedlot finishing, over time, on fatty acid metabolism in angus crossbred steers (n = 24). ruminal fluid, serum, and adipose tissue biopsies were obtained on d 0, 28, 84, and 140. pasture forages and diet ingredient samples were obtained at 14-d intervals to determine nutritive value and fatty acid composition. the feedlot diet consisted of corn silage, cracked corn grain, soybean meal, and a vitamin and mineral supp ...200919617512
[genetic variation and relationship in orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) germplasm detected by ssr markers].genetic variation and relationship of 53 accessions of d. glomerata collected from 5 continents were analyzed using simple sequence repeat (ssr) molecular markers with 15 ssr primer pairs. the following results were obtained. (1) a total of 127 alleles were detected at 15 loci. the number of alleles per locus ranged from 5 to 12, with an average of 8.5. the rate of polymorphic sites (p) was 95.21%; the polymorphic information content (pic) ranged from 0.30(a04c24)to 0.44(a01f24) with an average ...200919586867
safety and tolerability of seasonal ultra-rush, high-dose sublingual-swallow immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis to grass and tree pollens: an observational study in 193 children and adolescents.we conducted a large observational study in 193 children and adolescents with allergic rhinitis due to grass or tree pollens to evaluate the safety and tolerability of an ultrarush high-dose sublingual immunotherapy (slit) regimen reaching a maintenance dose of 300 index of reactivity within 90 minutes.200919476016
effects of spontaneous heating on fiber composition, fiber digestibility, and in situ disappearance kinetics of neutral detergent fiber for alfalfa-orchardgrass hays.during 2006 and 2007, forages from 3 individual hay harvests were utilized to assess the effects of spontaneous heating on concentrations of fiber components, 48-h neutral detergent fiber (ndf) digestibility (ndfd), and in situ disappearance kinetics of ndf for large-round bales of mixed alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) and orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.). over the 3 harvests, 96 large-round bales were made at preset bale diameters of 0.9, 1.2, or 1.5 m, and at moisture concentrations ranging f ...200919448020
effects of bale moisture and bale diameter on spontaneous heating, dry matter recovery, in vitro true digestibility, and in situ disappearance kinetics of alfalfa-orchardgrass hays.alfalfa (medicago sativa l.)-orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) hay was made in 96 large-round bales over 3 harvests during 2006 and 2007 to assess the effects of spontaneous heating on dry matter (dm) recovery, in vitro true digestibility (ivtd), and in situ disappearance kinetics of dm. throughout these harvests, bales were made at preset diameters of 0.9, 1.2, or 1.5 m and at moisture concentrations ranging from 9.3 to 46.6%. internal bale temperatures were monitored daily during an outdoor ...200919448019
effects of rumen fill on short-term ingestive behavior and circulating concentrations of ghrelin, insulin, and glucose of dairy cows foraging vegetative micro-swards.the objective of this study was to investigate changes in foraging behavior, hunger-related hormones, and metabolites of dairy cows in response to short-term variations in rumen fill (rf). the effect of rf on intake rate, jaw movements, bite rate and dimensions, and concentrations of plasma ghrelin, and serum insulin and glucose were measured in 4 rumen-cannulated lactating dairy cows (612 +/- 68 kg, empty live weight; 237 +/- 29 d in milk) foraging micro-swards of vegetative orchardgrass (dacty ...200919389967
water deficit and induction of summer dormancy in perennial mediterranean grasses.summer dormancy is a trait conferring superior drought survival in mediterranean perennial grasses. as the respective roles of environmental factors and water deficit on induction of summer dormancy are unclear, the effect of intense drought were tested under contrasting day lengths in a range of forage and native grasses.200919369219
responses of plasma acetate metabolism to hop (humulus lupulus l.) in sheep.an isotope dilution method using [1-(13)c]sodium (na) acetate was conducted to determine the effect of feeding hop (humulus lupulus l.) residues on plasma acetate metabolism in six adult crossbred sheep. the sheep were fed 63 g/kg bw(0.75)/d of either mixed hay (mh-diet) of orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) and reed canarygrass (phalaris arundinacea l.) at a 60:40 ratio or mh-diet and hop-residues (hop-diet) at 85:15 ratio with a crossover design for each of 3 week period. the isotope dilutio ...200919365576
a leachate a day keeps the seedlings away: mowing and the inhibitory effects of festuca paniculata in subalpine grasslands.is the release of allelochemicals by the dominant tussock grass festuca paniculata responsible for its dominance by inhibiting growth of neighbour grasses in subalpine grasslands? as such a community is also structured by mowing practices, what could be the impact of mowing on allelopathy?200919324898
additional hosts for the ring nematode, criconemella xenoplax.some common legumes and weeds indigenous to peach orchards in south carolina were tested in greenhouse experiments to determine their host suitability for criconemella xenoplax. legumes that were hosts for the nematode were dwarf english trefoil (lotus corniculatus var. arvensis), big trefoil (l. uliginosis), birdsfoot trefoil (l. corniculatus), narrowleaf birdsfoot trefoil (l. tenuis), ball clover (trifolium nigrescens), rose clover (t. hirtum), subterranean clover (t. subterraneum), striate le ...199019287692
a comparative analysis of extraction methods for the recovery of anguina sp. from grass seed samples.four procedures were compared in their efficacy to extract juveniles of anguina agrostis from commercial grass seed. the procedures included those currently used by the state regulatory laboratories of oregon and california, as well as new tests developed to determine juvenile viability for the phytosanitary certification of fumigated grass seed. eleven seed lots of agrostis tenuis (bentgrass) and dactylis glomerata (orchardgrass) naturally infested with varying levels of juveniles of anguina we ...199919270928
identification of seed gall nematodes of agronomic and regulatory concern with pcr-rflp of its1.a molecular analysis of eight described species of seed gall nematode, along with six undescribed isolates from different hosts, has revealed a strong association between nucleotide sequence polymorphism and host status. each anguinid nematode associated with a unique host produced a unique pcr-rflp pattern for the its1 region. anguina species that had been synonymized in the past, anguina agrostis, a. funesta, and a. wevelli (afrina wevelli), were readily discriminated. two undescribed species ...200119265880
biogas production from boreal herbaceous grasses--specific methane yield and methane yield per hectare.the objective of this study was to determine the specific methane yields of four grass species (cocksfoot, tall fescue, reed canary grass and timothy) cultivated under boreal conditions as well as how harvesting time and year of cultivation affects the specific methane yields per ha. the specific methane yields of all grasses and all harvests varied from 253 to 394 nl ch4/kg volatile solids (vs) added. the average specific methane yield of the 1st harvest of all grasses was higher than the 2nd h ...200919261471
biodiversity effects on yield and unsown species invasion in a temperate forage ecosystem.current agricultural practices are based on growing monocultures or binary mixtures over large areas, with a resultant impoverishing effect on biodiversity at several trophic levels. the effects of increasing the biodiversity of a sward mixture on dry matter yield and unsown species invasion were studied.200919168861
[physiological bases of herbages shade-tolerance in eucalyptus grandis and herbage inter-cultivated system].the study on the physiological bases of the shade-tolerance of dactylis glomerata, lolium perenne, and hemarthria compressa inter-cultivated in eucalyptus grandis forests with different canopy densities showed that with increasing canopy density, the light saturation point (lsp), light compensation point (lcp), chlorophyll a/b (chla/chlb), and the contents of proline (pro), soluble sugar (ss) and soluble protein (sp) of the three herbages decreased gradually, but the apparent quantum yield (aqy) ...200819102302
uptake, transport, re-translocation and chelation of ni in one tolerant and one susceptible graminaceous species.from flora of northwest iran, two graminaceous species including secale montanum and dactylis glomerata with different distribution and coverage on ni-rich soils were selected for study of tolerance mechanisms to ni concentrations up to 100 microm in hydroponic culture medium. shoot and root growth of d. glomerata was inhibited up to 42 and 69% in response to 100 microm ni, respectively, while growth reduction of s. montanum was as low as 20% in shoot and no growth inhibition of root was observe ...200719070044
extraction, structural characterisation and evaluation of hydroxycinnamate esters of orchard grass (dactylis glomerata) as substrates for polyphenol oxidase.polyphenol oxidase (ppo) activity has been reported in orchard grass (dactylis glomerata); however, to date, no endogenous substrates have been identified. in the present study, we report the isolation and structural elucidation of ppo substrates in this species. the free phenol fraction was extracted, separated by reverse-phase chromatography and six potential substrates, including two hydroxycinnamate esters, were identified by uv spectrometry, electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry ...200818929376
studies on the origin of dactylis glomerata l. 194818903868
biological and molecular characterization of a putative new sobemovirus infecting imperata cylindrica and maize in africa.a new virus was isolated from both the grass imperata cylindrica and maize plants that had yellow mottle symptoms in burkina faso, west africa. the virus has isometric particles ca. 32 nm in diameter. the experimental host range was restricted to rottboellia exaltata. virions were isolated from leaves of systemically infected maize plants. koch's postulates were completed by mechanically inoculating uninfected imperata or maize with either purified virus or sap from infected imperata plants. vir ...200818777157
generation of recombinant antibodies against orchardgrass acidic nsltp-like proteins.embryogenic and non-embryogenic suspension cultures of orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) secreted into the culture medium a set of proteins, among which low molecular mass (11/12 kda) proteins were found. however, only the 11/12 kda proteins from the embryogenic suspension cultures reacted specifically with an antiserum raised against the carrot ep2 non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsltp). two-dimensional (2-d) electrophoretic analysis revealed that the extracellular nsltp-like proteins f ...200918669026
double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of grass pollen specific immunotherapy with oral drops administered sublingually or supralingually.forty-one patients suffering from grass pollen allergy underwent specific immunotherapy with standardized allergen extract consisting of six grass pollens (h-al per os) administered either sublingually or supralingually for one year. in order to investigate clinical and immunological changes induced by the administration of allergens via the oral mucosa, the double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized design of the trial with 30 other patients enrolled in placebo groups was applied. specific im ...200818585908
cluster immunotherapy with a glutaraldehyde-modified mixture of grasses results in an improvement in specific nasal provocation tests in less than 2.5 months of treatment.cluster immunotherapy is becoming increasingly used. it allows for a rapid build up phase and the administration of higher doses of allergen in a shorter period of time.200818445082
forage systems for cow-calf production in the appalachian region.small cow-calf operations are common in the appalachian region. tall fescue [lolium arundinaceum (schreb.) s. j. darbyshire] is the dominant forage in these systems for direct grazing as well as for stockpiling. the present study was conducted from 2001 to 2005. a total of 108 angus and angus crossbred cows were allotted randomly to 6 forage systems and then to 3 replicates within each system. in brief, system 1 had a stocking rate of 0.91 ha/cow in a middleburg 3-paddock (a, b, and c) system. s ...200818407993
specific immunotherapy for common grass pollen allergies: pertinence of a five grass pollen vaccine.patients throughout europe are concomitantly exposed to multiple pollens from distinct pooideae species. given the overlap in pollination calendars and similar grain morphology, it is not possible to identify which grass species are present in the environment from pollen counts. furthermore, neither serum ige reactivity nor skin prick testing allow the identification of which grass species are involved in patient sensitisation. due to their high level of amino acid sequence homology (e.g., >90% ...200818362477
evidence for gc preference by monocot dicer-like proteins.dicot dicer-like (dcl) enzymes operate preferably on gc rich regions when producing small interfering (si)rna and micro (mi)rna. this gc bias, however, is not generic in monocot mirna productions. from wild dactylis glomerata naturally infected by cocksfoot streak potyvirus (csv), csv-sirnas had a greater gc% than the virus genome, indicating that gc rich regions were also preferred by the grass dcls. this supports the notion that gc preference is an ancient feature for plant dcls, and suggests ...200818243131
phenotypes and functional effects caused by various viral rna silencing suppressors in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana and n. tabacum.rna silencing suppressor genes derived from six virus genera were transformed into nicotiana benthamiana and n. tabacum plants. these suppressors were p1 of rice yellow mottle virus (rymv), p1 of cocksfoot mottle virus, p19 of tomato bushy stunt virus, p25 of potato virus x, hcpro of potato virus y (strain n), 2b of cucumber mosaic virus (strain kin), and ac2 of african cassava mosaic virus (acmv). hcpro caused the most severe phenotypes in both nicotiana spp. ac2 also produced severe effects in ...200818184062
retrospective study of specific immunotherapy - what should be done in the future.in this retrospective study, data on 241 atopic patients treated with specific cutaneous immunotherapy during the 1985-2006 period at allergy clinic, university department of dermatology and venereology, were reviewed. the following diagnoses were recorded: atopic dermatitis, pure or in combination with allergic rhinitis or allergic bronchitis, or allergic bronchitis and asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, urticaria, and quincke's edema. the aim was to retrospectively analyze cli ...200718093449
antigenic similarity among group 1 allergens from grasses and quantitation elisa using monoclonal antibodies to phl p 1.group 1 allergens elicit a specific ige response in about 90% of grass pollen-allergic patients. the aim of this work was to study the antigenic similarity among group 1 allergens from different grasses and to develop a monoclonal antibody (mab)-based quantitation elisa.200818004069
effective rumen degradation of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre in forage determined by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy.the objective of the present study was to examine if near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (nirs) could be used to predict degradation parameters and effective degradation from scans of original forage samples. degradability of dry matter (dm), crude protein (cp) and neutral detergent fibre (ndf) of 61 samples of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) and orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) was tested by using the in situ technique. the grass samples were harvested at three different stages, e ...200717988354
effect of intake level and alfalfa substitution for grass hay on ruminal kinetics of fiber digestion and particle passage in beef cattle.two experiments were conducted to evaluate digestion kinetics of alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) substitution for grass hay in beef cattle. in exp. 1, forage combinations evaluated in situ consisted of 0% alfalfa-100% big bluestem (andropogon gerardi vitman), 25% alfalfa-75% big bluestem, 50% alfalfa-50% big bluestem, and 100% alfalfa-0% big bluestem. nonlinear regression was used to determine the immediately soluble fraction a, the potentially degradable fraction b, the undegraded fraction c, and ...200817940159
unraveling the effects of management regime and plant species on soil organic carbon and microbial phospholipid fatty acid profiles in grassland soils.in a field experiment we have examined the effect of long-term grassland management regimes (viz., intensive versus extensive) and dominant plant species (viz., arrhenatherum elatius, holcus lanatus and dactylis glomerata) on soil organic carbon (soc) build up, soil microbial communities using biomarker phospholipid fatty acids (plfa), and the relationship between soc and plfas of major groups of microorganisms (viz., bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes). the results have revealed that changes in ...200817826981
direct embryogenesis from mesophyll cells of orchardgrass.segments taken from the basal 15 to 20 millimeters of the two innermost leaves of an orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.) genotype produced somatic (nonzygotic) embryos directly from mesophyll cells without an intervening callus when cultured on an agar medium with 30 micromolar 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba). this demonstration of high-frequency embryogenesis from mesophyll cells in gramineae is strong evidence for totipotency of the cells.198317753478
simulation of germination of pioneer species along an experimental drought gradient.the germination of ten plant species from the iberian peninsula was assessed along a water deficit gradient between -0. 1652 (moist) and -0.4988 mpa (dry) of osmotic potential, created by addition of increasing concentrations of polyethylene glycol (peg 6000) to distilled water in which plants were grown hydroponically. the level and rate of germination of daucus carota and thapsia villosa significantly decreased with decreasing psi. seeds of dactylis glomerata and dittrichia viscosa had positiv ...200617405330
the ryegrass mottle virus genome codes for a sobemovirus 3c-like serine protease and rna-dependent rna polymerase translated via -1 ribosomal frameshifting.in the course of sobemovirus gene cloning the complete genome of ryegrass mottle virus (rgmov) was sequenced. sequence analysis revealed differences including missing and extraneous nucleotides in comparison to the previously published sequence (zhang, toriyama, takanashi, j. gen. plant pathol. 67, 63 (2001)). a gene coding for a typical sobemovirus 3c-like serine protease was identified in orf2a after multiple sequence alignment analysis. the newly identified 57-amino-acid stretch in orf2a show ...200717356908
increased meiotic irregularity accompanying inbreeding in dactylis glomerata l. 194317247095
sobemoviruses possess a common cfmv-like genomic organization.based on structural differences in the orf2 region, the sobemoviruses have been subdivided into southern cowpea mosaic virus (scpmv)-like and cocksfoot mottle virus (cfmv)-like types of genome organization. however, nearly identical amino acid sequences are encoded by these subgroups in different reading frames of orf2, suggesting that insertion or deletion of appropriate nucleotides could restore similar genomic organizations for these viruses. we resequenced the regions of inconsistency for is ...200717115301
nitrogen- vs. phosphorus-based dairy manure applications to field crops: nitrate and phosphorus leaching and soil phosphorus accumulation.management of animal manures to provide nutrients for crop growth has generally been based on crop n needs. however, because manures have a lower n/p ratio than most harvested crops, n-based manure management often oversupplies the crop-soil system with p, which can be lost into the environment and contribute to eutrophication of water bodies. we examined the effects of n- vs. p-based manure applications on n and p uptake by alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), corn (zea mays l.) for silage, and orchar ...201317071901
an attempt to identify recombinants between two sobemoviruses in doubly infected oat plants.recombination in rna viruses is considered to play a major role as a driving force in virus variability to counterbalance loss in fitness that can be due to the accumulation of detrimental mutations. studies on mixed infections are pertinent for understanding the role of recombination in virus evolution. they also provide important baseline information for studying the biosafety of plants expressing viral sequences. to investigate the possibility of rna recombination occurrence between two sobem ...200616978574
Refresh
firstprev
12345
nextlast
Displaying items 101 - 200 of 437