Publications

improving grain yield in backcross populations from avena sativa × a. sterilis matings by using independent culling for harvest index and vegetative growth index or unit straw weight.	grain yield was selected in avena sativa x a. sterilis populations of segregates by applying independent culling for harvest index and either vegetative growth index or unit straw weight. samples of lines intensively selected for harvest index had high harvest index but low grain yield because they had low vigor. populations intensively selected for growth rate index or unit straw weight had high biological yield but low harvest index. intensive selection for grain yield per se resulted in sampl ...	1987	24240224
kinetics of intracellular redistribution of phytochrome in avena coleoptiles after its photoconversion to the active, far-red-absorbing form.	the kinetics of the intracellular redistribution of phytochrome (sequestering) in avena sativa l. coleoptiles following a brief, saturating actinic pulse of red (r) light have been determined. immunocytochemical labelling of phytochrome with monoclonal antibodies showed that at 22°c sequestering can occur within 1-2 s from the onset of r irradiation and is dependent upon the continued presence of the far-red-absorbing form of phytochrome (pfr). the initial rate, but not the final extent, of sequ ...	1986	24240300
stimulation of extracellular polysaccharide synthesis in oat protoplasts by the host-specific phytotoxin victorin.	the host-specific phytotoxin victorin (hv-toxin) stimulates mesophyll protoplasts of susceptible but not of resistant oat (avena sativa l.) to produce an amorphous, ethanol-insoluble extracellular material which stains with calcofluor white and aniline blue. over a 24-h period incorporation of [(14)c]glucose into ethanol-insoluble products is maximally stimulated by 60 pg victorin/ml, whereas at 6 ng/ml initial rates of incorporation are higher but the protoplasts collapse. the extracellular mat ...	1985	24241147
tissue-distribution of secondary phenolic biosynthesis in developing primary leaves of avena sativa l.	primary leaves of oats (avena sativa l.) have been used to study the integration of secondary phenolic metabolism into organ differentiation and development. in particular, the tissue-specific distribution of products and enzymes involved in their biosynthesis has been investigated. c-glucosylflavones along with minor amounts of hydroxycinnamic-acid esters constitute the soluble phenolic compounds in these leaves. in addition, considerable amounts of insoluble products such as lignin and wall-bo ...	1986	24241851
allelopathy of oats. i. assessment of allelopathic potential of extract of oat shoots and identification of an allelochemical.	the allelopathic potential of oat (avena sativa l.) extracts was investigated under laboratory conditions. the ethyl ether-, acetone-, and water-soluble fractions obtained from the extract of oat shoots inhibited the germination and growth of roots and hypocotyls of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). the inhibitory activity of the water-soluble fraction was maximum, followed by that of ethyl ether-soluble and acetone-soluble fraction. an active principle of the water-soluble fraction was isolated and ...	1994	24242056
allelopathy of oats. ii. allelochemical effect ofl-tryptophan and its concentration in oat root exudates.	l-tryptophan caused growth inhibition of roots and hypocotyls (or coleoptiles) of cockscomb (amaranthus caudatus l.), lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), cress (lepidium sativum l.), timothy (phleum pratense l.), rice (oryza sativa l.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and oat (avena sativa l.), increasing the dose ofl-tryptophan increased the inhibition. the concentrations for 50% inhibition of the root growth were 0.14, 0.15, 0.21, 0.79, 0.95, 1.7, and 2.4 mm for cockscomb, cress, lettuce, timothy, rice ...	1994	24242057
selection and regeneration of toxin-insensitive plants from tissue cultures of oats (avena sativa) susceptible to helminthosporium victoriae.	insensitivity to the pathotoxin victorin, which is produced by the fungus helminthosporium victoriae (meehan and murphy), was selected in tissue cultures of oat (avena sativa l.) lines heterozygous for the dominant sensitive allele vb. the vb allele imparts both susceptibility to h. victoriae and resistance to several races of oat crown rust (puccinia coronata var. 'avenae', fraser and e. led.). none of 84 homozygous vb vb oat calli survived when grown on victorin-containing medium. among 175 ca ...	1985	24247332
association of two measures of vegetative growth rate with other traits in inter and intraspecific matings of oats.	f2-derived oat lines from inter (avena sativa l. x a. sterilis l.) and intraspecific (among a. sativa cultivars) matings were evaluated in the f3, f4, and f5 generations for heading date, grain and straw yields, biomass, vegetative dry weight at anthesis, vegetative growth rates until anthesis (gra) and until maturity (grm), and harvest index. the associations of gra and grm with harvest index ranged from zero to slightly negative. the positive correlations of gra and grm with grain yield were s ...	1986	24248196
the role of separate molecular domains in the structure of phytochrome from etiolated avena sativa l.	the spectral properties of peptides generated from etiolated-avana, 124-kda (kilodalton) phytochrome by endogenous protease(s) have been studied to assess the role of the amino-terminal and the carboxyl-terminal domains in maintaining the proper interaction between protein and chromophore. the amino-terminal, 74-kda chromopeptide, a degradation product of the far-red absorbing form of the pigment (pfr), is shown to be spectrally similar to the 124-kda, undegraded molecule. the minimum and maximu ...	1985	24248223
phytochrome in green tissue: spectral and immunochemical evidence for two distinct molecular species of phytochrome in light-grown avena sativa l.	a method is described for the extraction of phytochrome from chlorophyllous shoots of avena sativa l. poly(ethyleneimine) and salt fractionation are used to reduce chlorophyll and to increase the phytochrome concentration sufficiently to permit spectral and immunochemical analyses. the phototransformation difference spectrum of this phytochrome is distinct from that of phytochrome from etiolated shoots in that the maximum in the red region of the difference spectrum is shifted about 15 nm to a s ...	1985	24249601
immunochemical detection with rabbit polyclonal and mouse monoclonal antibodies of different pools of phytochrome from etiolated and green avena shoots.	while two monoclonal antibodies directed to phytochrome from etiolated oat (avena sativa l.) shoots can precipitate up to about 30% of the photoreversible phytochrome isolated from green oat shoots, most precipitate little or none at all. these results are consistent with a report by j.g. tokuhisa and p.h. quail (1983, plant physiol. 72, suppl., 85), according to which polyclonal rabbit antibodies directed to phytochrome from etiolated oat shoots bind only a small fraction of the phytochrome obt ...	1985	24249602
electrostatic surface properties of plasmalemma vesicles from oat and wheat roots. ion binding and screening investigated by 9-aminoacridine fluorescence.	right-side-out and sealed plasmalemma vesicles were isolated from roots of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. drabant) and oat (avena sativa l. cv. brighton) by two-phase partition in a medium containing sucrose (0.25 mol l(-1)). oat root plasmalemma vesicles were discovered to contain a strongly fluorescent compound with an emission maximum at 418 nm. the surface potential of the membranes was monitored by 9-aminoacridine fluorescence and the effect of protein concentration, mannitol versus ...	1985	24249604
sterols in seeds and leaves of oats (avena sativa l.).	in seeds and leaves of oats (avena sativa l.) 12 different sterols (cholesterol, cholstanol, δ(7)-cholestenol, campesterol, campestanol, stigmasterol, lophenol, sitosterol, stigmastanol, δ(5)-avenasterol, δ(7)-avenasterol and δ(7)-stigmastenol) have been identified. the sterol pattern is qualitatively the same, but the relative composition is different in leaves and in seeds. leaves contain mainly sitosterol, stigmasterol, cholesterol and campesterol, but only minor portions of avenasterols. see ...	1984	24253572
incorporation of [4-(14)c] cholesterol into steryl derivatives and saponins of oat (avena sativa l.) plants.	sterols from both green and etiolated oat plants (avena sativa) contain sitosterol, stigmasterol, cholesterol, δ(7)-stigmastenol, δ(7)-cholestenol and campesterol. in the saponin fraction avenacosides a and b and 26-desgluco-avenacosides a and b were detected. etiolated plants incorporated [4-(14)c] cholesterol into steryl derivatives (esters, glycosides and acylated glycosides) and also into all of the 4 saponins. [4-(14)c] sitosterol, however, is incorporated only into steryl derivatives, but ...	1982	24257768
rapid response of the plasma-membrane potential in oat coleoptiles to auxin and other weak acids.	we have compared the effects of the auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) with that of other weak acids on the plasma-membrane potential of oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptile cells. cells treated with 1 μm iaa at ph 6 depolarize 20-25 mv in 10-12 min, but they then repolarize, until by 20-25 min their potentials are about 25 mv more negative than the initial value. similar concentrations of benzoic and butyric acids cause the initial depolarization, but not the subsequent hyperpolarization. the hyperp ...	1983	24258173
compartmentation of labeled fixation products in intact mesophyll protoplasts from avena sativa l. after in-situ inhibition of the chloroplast phosphate translocator.	leaf mesophyll protoplasts of oat (avena sativa l.) were allowed to fix (14)c-labeled bicarbonate in the absence or presence of pyridoxal phosphate (plp), a specific inhibitor of the phosphate translocator of the inner envelope membrane of chloroplasts. the incubation was terminated by a method of rapid integrated protoplast homogenization and fractionation, and compartmented levels of label contained in sugars, phosphate esters, amino acids and organic acids were determined. the results show th ...	1983	24258228
phytochrome quantitation in crude extracts of avena by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with monoclonal antibodies.	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), which uses both rabbit polyclonal and mouse monoclonal antibodies to phytochrome, has been adapted for quantitation of phytochrome in crude plant extracts. the assay has a detection limit of about 100 pg phytochrome (<1 fmol of monomer) and can be completed within 10 h. nonspecific interference by crude plant extracts was detected and corrected for. quantitation of phytochrome in crude extracts of etiolated oat (avena sativa l.) seedlings by elisa ga ...	1983	24258330
discrimination between the red- and far-red-absorbing forms of phytochrome from avena sativa l. by monoclonal antibodies.	a set of rat monoclonal antibodies (arc mac 48 to 52 and 54 to 56), raised to phytochrome from dark-grown seedlings of avena sativa l. was tested for the ability to discriminate between the red-absorbing (pr) and far-red-absorbing (pfr) forms of phytochrome by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. mac 50 bound more strongly to pfr and mac 49 and 52 showed preferential binding to pr from extracts of dark-grown avena seedlings; mac 50 also bound more strongly to pfr from brushite-purified ph ...	1984	24258587
the instron technique as a measure of immediate-past wall extensibility.	the relationship between the plastic-extensibility values (pex) obtained in the instron technique and the growth parameter, wall extensibility (φ) has been evaluated for avena sativa l. coleoptile cell walls. the possibility that pex is proportional to the growth rate rather than to φ has been eliminated by showing that turgor-driven changes in the growth rate do not cause comparable changes in pex. for avena coleoptiles, pex appears to be a measure of the average φ over the previous 60-90 min r ...	1984	24258778
native phytochrome: immunoblot analysis of relative molecular mass and in-vitro proteolytic degradation for several plant species.	the relative molecular mass (mr) of the native phytochrome monomer from etiolated cucurbita pepo l., pisum sativum l., secale cereale l. and zea mays l. seedlings has been determined using immunoblotting to visualize the chromoprotein in crude extracts subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. a single phytochrome band is observed for each plant species when the molecule is extracted under conditions previously demonstrated to inhibit the proteolysis of native avena ...	1984	24258779
a study of homoeologous relationships in the cultivated oat avena sativa (2n=6x=42).	the homoeologous relationship of the chromosomes of the allopolyploid species avena sativa has been demonstrated by studies of nullisomic-tetrasomic compensation. the effects of the deletion of chromosome vi was partially compensated for by a tetrasomic dose of chromosome xiii, both at the gametic and zygotic level. the data confirm the genetic similarities of the homoeologues, which are attributable to their evolutionary derivation from a common chromosome.	1983	24263931
analysis of phytochrome kinetics in light-grown avena sativa l. seedlings.	the phytochrome content, the rate of phytochrome accumulation after a light/dark transition and the rate of phytochrome destruction after a 1.5 d reaccumulation period in darkness were measured in light grown avena sativa l. seedlings. the results using spectrophotometrical methods (norflurazon treated seedlings) and the radio-immunoassay (ria) (green seedlings) were almost identical. the rate of phytochrome synthesis was analysed by measuring the activity of poly(a(+))-rna coding for the phytoc ...	1983	24264335
cellular and subcellular localization of calcium in gravistimulated oat coleoptiles and its possible significance in the establishment of tropic curvature.	light-and electron-microscopic studies of the distribution of calcium in gravitropically responding oat (avena sativa l. cv. "garry") coleoptiles are described. a modification of the antimonate precipitation procedure was used to localize tissue calcium in situ. an accumulation of ca in the upper halves of horizontal, gravistimulated coleoptiles is seen within 10 min of stimulus onset. a pronounced redistribution of ca to the upper side occurs within 30 min; although the localization of this cat ...	1983	24264412
production and purification of monoclonal antibodies to pisum and avena phytochrome.	at least nine monoclonal antibodies against phytochrome from pisum sativum l. and 20 against phytochrome from avena sativa l. have been obtained from mouse hybridomas that were produced by fusion of spleen cells with sp 2/o-ag14 myeloma cells. hybridomas were selected and cloned in a single step by plating on a semisolid methylcellulose medium. eight antibodies to pisum and one to avena phytochrome were immunopurified from hybridoma medium or ascitic fluid. when necessary, secreted antibodies we ...	1983	24264758
the hydraulic conductivity as a criterion for the membrane integrity of protoplasts fused by an electric field pulse.	the hydraulic conductivity of the membrane, lp, of fused plant protoplasts was measured and compared to that for unfused cells, in order to identify possible changes in membrane properties resulting from the fusion process. fusion was achieved by an electric field pulse which induced breakdown in the membranes of protoplasts in close contact. close membrane contact was established by dielectrophoresis. in some experiments pronase was added during field application; pronase stabilizes protoplasts ...	1982	24271667
cell-free synthesis of phytochrome apoprotein.	a single polypeptide is immunospecifically precipitated by monospecific antiphytochrome from the total translation products of both wheat-germ and rabbit-reticulocyte cell-free protein synthesizing systems programmed with oat (avena sativa l.) poly(a) rna. the mobility of this polypeptide is slightly lower on sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis than that of immunoaffinity-purified, 118 kdalton phytochrome and corresponds to an apparent molecular weight of 124 kdalton. ...	1982	24271769
proteolysis alters the spectral properties of 124 kdalton phytochrome from avena.	native phytochrome from avena sativa l. is homogeneous with a monomeric molecular weight of 124 kdalton; 6-10 kdalton larger than the heterogeneous "120" kdalton preparations previously considered to be undegraded (vierstra and quail, 1982, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa, 79: 5272-5276). the phototransformation difference spectrum (pr-pfr) of 124 kdalton phytochrome measured in crude extracts has a minimum in the farred region at 730 nm, the same as that observed in vivo. these spectral properties c ...	1982	24272311
inhibition of elongation growth by two sesquiterpene lactones isolated from helianthus annuus l. : possible molecular mechanism.	two sesquiterpene lactones belonging to the germacranolides were isolated from the leaves and stems of helianthus annuus l. their formation in the plant is light-dependent. both sesquiterpene lactones (sl) strongly inhibit indole-3-acetic acid (iaa)-induced elongation growth of avena sativa l. coleoptile segments and helianthus annuus l. hypocotyl segments. both sl do not, however, inhibit acid-induced growth nor growth triggered by fusicoccin at all. in the presence of dithiothreitol (dtt), the ...	1982	24272656
phytochrome-controlled extension growth of avena sativa l. seedlings : i. kinetic characterization of mesocotyl, coleoptile, and leaf responses.	the effects of continuous red and far-red light and of brief light pulses on the growth kinetics of the mesocotyl, coleoptile, and primary leaf of intact oat (avena sativa l.) seedlings were investigated. mesocotyl lengthening is strongly inhibited, even by very small amounts of pfr, the far-red light absorbing form of phytochrome (e.g., by [pfr]≈0.1% of total phytochrome, established by a 756-nm light pulse). coleoptile growth is at first promoted by pfr, but apparently inhibited later. this in ...	1982	24276065
phytochrome-controlled extension growth of avena sativa l. seedlings : ii. fluence rate response relationships and action spectra of mesocotyl and coleoptile responses.	fluence rate response curves for light-induced inhibition of mesocotyl growth and promotion of coleoptile growth in etiolated avena sativa l. (cv. victory) were developed. the irradiation time was 24 h. fluence rates between 10(-6) and 10(5) nmol m(-2)s(-1) and 30 wavelengths between 563 and 1,093 nm were used. the main conclusions are as follows: 1. both organs exhibit a low fluence rate response as well as a high fluence rate response. 2. the mesocotyl response is more sensitive to light than ...	1982	24276066
potentials for exploiting allelopathy to enhance crop production.	strategies for utilizing allelopathy as an aid in crop production include both avoidance and application protocols. there are immediate opportunities for management of weed and crop residues, tillage practices, and crop sequences to minimize crop losses from allelopathy and also to use allelopathic crops for weed control. varieties of grain and forage sorghums (sorghum spp.), sunflower (helianthus annuus l.), oats (avena sativa l.), wheat (triticum sativum l.),rye (secale cereale l.), and others ...	1988	24277097
chlorophyll biosynthesis by mesophyll protoplasts and plastids from etiolated oat (avena sativa l.) leaves.	the uptake of [1-(3)h]geranylgeranyl diphosphate (ggpp) into protoplasts and intact etioplasts and the metabolic interconversion therein was studied after a 2 min pulse of white light. the chlorophyll synthetase reaction, chlide+ggpp→chlgg, was taken as a natural probe for the etioplast compartment. this reaction yields labeled chlgg and, by hydrogenation, labeled chlp, when [1-(3)h]ggpp receives access to the etioplast stroma. it was found that penetration across the plastid envelope was rapid ...	1981	24302319
analysis of genetic changes in radiated and non-radiated bulk oat (avena sativa l.) populations.	in both radiated and non-radiated oat populations inbreeding coefficients increased more slowly than was expected on the assumption of full selfing and equal selective values for homozygotes and heterozygotes. assuming 1% outcrossing for oats and a selective value of 1.0 for the mean, the heterozygotes for two loci governing crown rust reaction have an advantage of 50% over the homozygotes. this study supports previous observations that the heterozygote often has a decided advantage in predomina ...	1980	24305854
the effect of light on the production of ethylene from 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid by leaves.	white light inhibits the conversion of 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) in discs of green leaves of tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) and segments of oat (avena sativa l.) leaves by from 60 to 90%. etiolated oat leaves do not show this effect. the general nature of the effect is shown by its presence in both a mono- and a dicotyledon. since the leaves have been grown and pre-incubated in light, yet can produce from 2 to 9 times as much ethylene in the dark as in the light, it follows th ...	1980	24306252
rapid separation of the plastid, mitochondrial, and cytoplasmic fractions from intact leaf protoplasts of avena : determination of in vivo atp pool sizes during greening.	purified intact protoplasts were isolated from etiolated and greening leaves of avena sativa. they were ruptured by forcing them through a 20-μm aperture nylon net and immediately thereafter fractionated into a pure pellet of plastids (well above 70% of total plastids), a layer of mitochondria only slightly contaminated by other cellular constituents (about 50% of total mitochondria), and a cytoplasmic supernatant. this was achieved within 60 s by an integrated method of homogenation of protopla ...	1980	24306801
effects of peeling on the surface structure of the avena coleoptile: implications for hormone research.	coleoptiles of oats (avena sativa l.) are often peeled in order to observe hormone-enhanced acidification of the external medium. it is shown by means of the scanning electron microscope that peeling largely removes a single layer of cells, the epidermis with its cuticle. strips of intact and damaged epidermal cells remain, but most of the newly exposed surface is composed of cortical cells. the cortical face is relatively intact, except that some cells appear punctured and some are broken when ...	1980	24306888
protein patterns in the oat coleoptile as influenced by auxin and by protein turnover.	synthesis of growth-limiting proteins (glp) is required for continued auxin-induced elongation of oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptiles. in order to determine whether glp synthesis is dependent or independent of auxin, a double-labeling ratio technique, coupled with disc-gel electrophoresis, has been used to assess the effect of auxin on the pattern of protein synthesis. sections were peeled to enhance amino-acid uptake; proteins were labeled with [(14)c]- or [(3)h] leucine in the presence or absenc ...	1980	24310183
characterization of developing oat seed mrna: evidence for many globulin mrnas.	polyadenylated mrna from developing oat (avena sativa l.) seeds was isolated and analyzed. prominent mrna species of 18s, 15s and 12s were observed; the 18s mrna was judged to be esentially free of ribosomal rna by hybridization analysis. size fractionation andin vitro translation of this mrna was performed. sds, ief-sds gel electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation were used to analyze the translation products. it is shown that globulin mrna (18s) accounts for roughly 30% of the total mrna in dev ...	1985	24310836
control of mitochondrial activities by phytochrome during greening.	mitochondria isolated from 7-day old darkgrown avena sativa l. (var. arnold) laminae given 5 min illumination of red light, followed by varying lengths of darkness up to 3 h, showed at least a twofold increase in the rates of both nadh-dependent oxygen consumption and respiratory chain phosphorylation over those of mitochondria isolated from unilluminated tissue. similar organelles, isolated from tissue given either far-red or red followed by far-red pretreatment, exhibited rates of both functio ...	1979	24311037
electrical field effects induced in membranes of developing chloroplasts.	etioplasts, etiochloroplasts, and chloroplasts of avena sativa l. purified on a percoll gradient were subjected to increasing electric field strengths in the orifice of a hydrodynamically focussing coulter counter. the change in resistance of the orifice when an organelle is present correlates well with the size of the plastid for field strengths up to about 3.5 kv cm(-1). beyond this field strength, depending on the size of the organelle, the size is underestimated. the underestimation of the s ...	1980	24311160
on the use of avena protoplasts to study chloroplast development.	different methods were tested to isolate protoplasts from etiolated, partially greened, and light-grown leaves of avena sativa. preparations with high yields and high photosynthetic capacities (time of illumination ≧4 h) were obtained when small transverse leaf segments were incubated for 2 h at 30°c in 2% cellulysin (calbiochem), 0.6 m mannitol, and 0.5% bovine serum albumin (bsa) at ph 5.6, without shaking. as measured by light-dependent o2 evolution or fixation of labeled bicarbonate, protopl ...	1980	24311173
allelopathic effects ofcitrus aurantium l. : i. vegetational patterning.	field observations on undisturbed stands of sour orange revealed thatcynodon dactylon, chenopodium album, avena sativa, andamaranthus retroflexus were not able to grow normally and complete their life cycles under its canopies, although the same species grow well under adjacent trees of date palm. investigations revealed that the failure of the test species to grow normally under sour orange was not due to competition for light, moisture and minerals or to differences in soil texture or ph. soil ...	1985	24311244
coiled-coil dimerization of the lov2 domain of the blue-light photoreceptor phototropin 1 from arabidopsis thaliana.	a key role in signal transduction and dimerization mediated by per-arnt-sim (pas) domains is played by α-helical linkers that flank the structurally similar α/β cores of these domains. however, crystal-packing forces and the different construct lengths and sequences of the pas domains influence the final length and orientation of the linkers relative to the core and create uncertainty in the exact mechanism of the linker function. thus, structural characterization and comparison of the linkers w ...	2013	24316821
effects of osmotic stress on polar auxin transport in avena mesocotyl sections.	segments of mesocotyls of avena sativa l. transported [1-(14)c]indol-3yl-acetic acid (iaa) with strictly basipetal polarity. treatment of the segments with solutions of sorbitol caused a striking increase in basipetal auxin transport, which was greatest at concentrations around 0.5 m. similar effects were observed with mannitol or quebrachitol as osmotica, but with glucose or sucrose the increases were smaller. polar transport was still detectable in segments treated with 1.2 m sorbitol. the eff ...	1979	24317665
studies on lysine analogs, aspartate-derived amino acids, and attempted mutant selection on oat seedlings.	the lysine analogs s-2-aminoethyl-l-cysteine (aec) and dl-δ-hydroxylysine (dhl) caused severe growth inhibition in dark-grown oat seedlings (avena sativa l. and a. nuda l.) at similar concentrations while l-lysine methyl ester (lme) had little effect. lysine, arginine, and ornithine reversed the inhibition caused by aec and dhl, the order of effectiveness being lysine>arginine>ornithine. of aspartate-pathway amino acids, tested individually and in combinations for inhibitory effects on seedling ...	1979	24317756
protein synthesis and auxin-induced growth: inhibitor studies.	we have compared the effects of cycloheximide (chi) and two other rapid and effective inhibitors of protein synthesis, pactamycin and 2-(4-methyl-2,6-dinitroanilino)-n-methyl proprionamide (mdmp), on protein synthesis, respiration, auxin-induced growth and h(+)-excreation of avena sativa l. coleoptiles. all three compounds inhibit protein synthesis without affecting respiration. the effectiveness of the inhibitors against h(+)-excretion and growth correlates with their ability to inhibit protein ...	1979	24317859
fluorescence imaging-based high-throughput screening of fast- and slow-cycling lov proteins.	light-oxygen-voltage (lov) domains function as blue light-inducible molecular switches. the photosensory lov domains derived from plants and fungi have provided an indispensable tool for optogenetics. here we develop a high-throughput screening system to efficiently improve switch-off kinetics of lov domains. the present system is based on fluorescence imaging of thermal reversion of a flavin cofactor bound to lov domains. we conducted multi site-directed random mutagenesis of seven amino acid r ...	2013	24367542
kinetics of mitochondrial phosphate transport and rates of respiration and phosphorylation during greening of etiolated avena leaves.	using the technique of silicone oil filtration of organelles and the inhibitor stop method, the kinetics of transport of inorganic phosphate across the inner mitochondrial membrane were tested in relation to different stages of greening (0 to 24 h) of etiolated laminae of avena sativa l., and compared to the rates of oxygen consumption and atp formation. the results demonstrate that there is a pronounced increase in phosphate transport after 3 h of greening, reaching values for vmax (about 17 μm ...	1979	24407321
the contribution of tonoplast and plasma membrane to the electrical properties of a higher-plant cell.	the cytoplasm of subepidermal parenchyma cells of avena sativa l. coleoptiles was collected at one end of the cell by centrifugation. the electrical properties of both plasmalemma and tonoplast were then examined with microelectrodes inserted into both cytoplasm and vacuole of the same cell. the input resistance of the cytoplasm measured with either electrode was 7.5±0.8 mω while that of the vacuole measured with the single vacuolar electrode and a bridge circuit was 29.2±3.1 mω. the latter valu ...	1978	24408463
spectrophotometric phytochrome measurements in light-grown avena sativa l.	phytochrome was studied spectrophotometrically in avena sativa l. seedlings that had been grown for 6 d in continous white fluorescent light from lamps. greening was prevented through the use of the herbicide san 9789. when placed in the light, phytochrome (ptot) decreased with first order kinetics (τ1/2 ≈ 2 h) but reached a stable low level (≈2.5% of the dark level) after 36 h. this concentration of phytochrome remained constant in the light and during the initial hours of a subsequent dark per ...	1978	24408470
rapid auxin- and fusicoccin-enhanced rb(+) uptake and malate synthesis in avena coleoptile sections.	the short-term effects of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) and fusicoccin (fc) on rb(+) uptake and malate accumulation in avena sativa l. coleoptile sections have been investigated. fc stimulates (86)rb(+) uptake within 1 min while auxin-enhanced uptake begins after a 15-20-min lag period. auxin has little or no effect on (86)rb(+) uptake at external phs of 6.0 or less, but substantial auxin effects can be observed in the range of ph 6.5 to 7.5. competition studies indicate that the uptake mechanism ...	1978	24414103
effects of fusicoccin on the activity of a key ph-stat enzyme, pep-carboxylase.	the phytotoxin fusicoccin (fc) causes rapid synthesis of malate in coleoptile tissues, presumably via phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) carboxylase coupled with malate dehydrogenase. the possibility that fc directly affects pep carboxylase in avena sativa l. and zea mays l. coleoptiles was studied and rejected. the activity of this enzyme is unaffected by fc whether fc is added in vitro or a pretreatment to the live material. fc does not change the sensitivity of the enzyme to bicarbonate or malate. the ...	1978	24414104
a comparison of regenerated cell walls in tobacco and cereal protoplasts.	four independent kinds of observations indicate that the cell wall regenerated by oat (avena sativa l.) and corn (zea mays l.) protoplasts in culture is less well developed than that regenerated by tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) protoplasts. following wall regeneration the cereal protoplasts remained susceptible to osmotic shock upon transfer to water, showed great enlargement, stained poorly with calcofluor white, and maintained a positive internal electrical potential. the development of a neg ...	1978	24414155
phytochrome photoreversibility: empirical test of the hypothesis that it varies as a consequence of pigment compartmentation.	phytochrome of oat (avena sativa l., cv. garry) coleoptile cells in the red-light-absorbing form, pr, is diffusely distributed while after conversion to the far-red-light-absorbing form, pfr, it is observed only in very small areas within the cell. comparison of phytochrome photoversibility measurements to the distribution of the pigment within the cell indicates that the spectral assay is not influenced by the observed compartmentalization of the chromoprotein. however, the observed compartment ...	1978	24414766
destruction and possible de novo synthesis of phytochrome in subcellular fractions of laminae from avena sativa l.	phytochrome was determined in etiolated laminae of avena satival. either without pretreatment or after 5 min of red irradiation followed by different periods of darkness (0-24 h). at given intervals laminae were homogenized and phytochrome was determined spectrophotometrically in the total homogenate and in purified etioplasts and mitochondria. enhanced specific activity of phytochrome was found in all fractions after the irradiation in comparison to dark controls. phytochrome destruction was ob ...	1978	24414872
examination of ribosome-like particles in isolated prolamellar bodies.	potential methods for the preparation of fractions enriched in prolamellar bodies (plbs) were examined in detail. sucrose density gradient centrifugation methods gave fractions consisting almost exclusively of plbs whilst those methods employing differential centrifugation were quite successful but contained greater quantities of lamellar membranes. greater difficulty was experienced in obtaining detached plbs which retained their "ribosome-like" lattice particles. no modification to density gra ...	1977	24419578
the retention of photosynthetic activity by senescing chloroplasts of oat leaves.	the retention of photosystems i and ii and or rudp carboxylase activity in chloroplasts isolated from the first leaves of victory oat (avena sativa l.) seedlings was followed as the chloroplasts senesced in darkness. both photosystems (ps) i and ii retained their full activity after 3 days at 1°c, while even after 7 days at 1°c around 80% of the activity was still present. after 3 days at 25°c, ps i lost only 20% and ps ii 50% of the initial activity. acid ph increased the rate of decay of both ...	1977	24420010
initial phases of indoleacetic acid induced growth in coleoptile segments of avena sativa l.	the intial phases of auxin-induced growth in coleoptile segments of avena sativa l. were investigated using a high resolution growth recording technique, based on an angular position sensing transducer. the first response to the hormone is a slight, transient reduction of the growth rate lasting about 5 min. after this phase growth rate increases to a maximum. the duration of the increase and the maximum clearly depend on the concentration of the hormone. with increasing auxin concentration the ...	1977	24420017
distribution of chloroplast coupling factor (cf1) particles on plastid membranes during development.	samples of internal membrane systems separated from lysates of intact plastids from dark grown avena sativa l. (vars, cooba and mostyn) and hordeum vulgare l. (vars, himalaya and deba abed) given different periods of illumination before isolation were assayed for trypsin-activated ca(2+)-dependent atpase activities and also examined in the electron microscope after treatment in the manner described by oleszko and moudinanakis (1974) which assists the visualization of the chloroplast coupling fac ...	1977	24420023
on the localization of enzymes related to flavonoid metabolism in sections and tissues of oat primary leaves.	during growth of the primary leaves of avena sativa l., the distribution of extractable l-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal, ec 4.3.1.5) and chalcone-flavanone isomerase (cfi, ec 5.5.1.6) activities in distinct leaf sections (top section, medium section and meristematic basal section) and in the epidermal and mesophyll tissues were investigated in relation to c-glycosylflavone accumulation. characteristic changes have been observed in the levels of pal and cfi activities within the three leaf sec ...	1977	24420517
[light dependence of phytol accumulation. a contribution to the question of chlorophyll biosynthesis].	phytol is identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry and its concentration determined (range 0.005-3 μg) in darkgrown and irradiated plants. seeds of oats (avena sativa l.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) contain bound phytol (2-5 μg/g). the phytol content decreases during germination in the dark. phytol synthesis in dark-grown seedlings starts in the light and stops in the dark again. the degradation of phytol in the dark is much slower than that of chl ...	1976	24424592
binding of (45)ca (2+) to particulate fractions of coleoptile tissue.	using recently developed techniques, we have investigated the binding of (45)ca(2+) to membrane preparations from corn (zea mays l) and oat (avena sativa l) coleoptile tissue. scatchard plot analysis reveals at least two ca(2+)-binding sites in each tissue, a high affinity binding site (k m=7.7×10(-7) m, n=6.9×10(-10) mol·0.5 g f.w.(-1) in corn, k m=4.93×10(-6) m, n=2.29×10(-9) mol·0.5 g f.w.(-1) in avena) and a low affinity binding site (k m=9.01×10(-5) m, n=5.4×10(-8) mol·0.5 g f.w.(-1) in cor ...	1976	24424643
movement of labelled metabolites from mitochondria to plastids during development.	the exchange of metabolites from isolated mitochondria of avena sativa l. to isolated etioplasts or 1-24 h etio-chloroplasts, from the same laminae, has been investigated. the results confirm the synchronised changes in the permeabilities of the inner membranes of each during plastid development. they also indicated the possibility of directed transport of certain metabolites from mitochondria to plastids especially during the early stages of chloroplast maturation. over 80% of labelled succinat ...	1976	24424689
changes in the permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane associated with plastid development.	mitochondria isolated from greening etiolated laminae of avena sativa l. show changes in the permeability of their inner membranes during chloroplast development similar to those described earlier for plastids. oxalo-acetate, succinate and α-keto-glutarate permeate most readily inner membranes of mitochondria isolated from laminae given 2 h illumination whilst glutamate and glycine show later and more general penetration into the matrix spaces of mitochondria from greening tissue. aminolevulinic ...	1976	24424690
fluxes of gibberellic and abscisic acids, together with that of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate, across plastid envelopes during development.	application of the technique of silicone oil centrifugation to etioplasts and etio-chloroplasts isolated from greening etiolated avena sativa l. laminae has shown that etioplast envelope membranes are relatively impermeable to gibberellic acid, abscisic acid and adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate. however, there is a marked increase in permeability for all in the early stages of greening, particularly after 2 h. all fluxes are reduced thereafter but a high level of abscisic acid still remains.	1976	24424702
cell elongation in the grass pulvinus in response to geotropic stimulation and auxin application.	horizontally-placed segments of avena sativa l. shoots show a negative geotropic response after a period of 30 min. this response is based on cell elongation on the lower side of the leaf-sheath base (pulvinus). triticum aestivum l., hordeum vulgare l. and secale cereale l. also show geotropic responses that are similar to those in avena shoots. the pulvinus is a highly specialized organ with radial symmetry and is made up of epidermal, vascular, parenchymatous and collenchymatous tissues. stato ...	1976	24424826
phytochrome control of electrical potentials and intercellular coupling in oat-coleoptile tissue.	microelectrodes were used to demonstrate two electrical responses which occur in oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptile parenchyma-cells during exposure to red light. the membrane potential of these cells depolarized 5-10 mv in several seconds in red light and repolarized more slowly in far-red light. by pulsing current through the cells, it was found that cellular coupling along the longitudinal axis of the coleoptile increased about 2-fold in red light, but that coupling along the lateral axis was n ...	1976	24424904
developmental changes in the surface properties of chloroplast membranes.	when the surface properties of etioplast and etiochloroplast membranes from dark grown or variously illuminated leaves of avena sativa l. are examined by counter current distribution in a dextran: poly(ethylene-glycol) two-phase system the results may be summarized as follows: (i) etioplast membranes consist of two main classes with respect to upper phase poly(ethylene-glycol) affinity. (ii) shortly after illumination the proportion of higher affinity membranes increases and the upper phase affi ...	1975	24430083
changes in envelope permeability during chloroplast development.	the permeability of the plastid envelope during the development of avena sativa plastids was investigated by light scattering and uptake of various labelled compounds (malate, succinate, glutamate, α-ketoglutarate, citrate, glycine, sucrose). the results presented show that a primary event during greening is a change in permeability, thereby allowing an increased transport of metabolites across the membranes of very early etio-chloroplast stages. the results are discussed in view of an adaption ...	1976	24430818
polypeptide binding to plastid envelopes during chloroplast development.	pulse-chase experiments using [(35)s]methionine with various light and dark regimes have been used to follow in situ polypeptide accumulation during plastid development in avena sativa (var. mostyn). subsequent isolation and later fraction of the etioplasts, etio-chloroplasts or chloroplasts into envelope, stroma lamellae, thylakoid and supernatant (stromal) fractions has enabled a survey of the movement of label between the different fractions. these studies show that considerable and sometimes ...	1976	24430904
effects of magnesium, calcium and lanthanum ions on stomatal oscillations in avena sativa l.	mg(2+), ca(2+) and la(3+) caused an increased period time of the transpiratory oscillations when given to excised oscillating avena plants (plants without root system). the effect was reversible, i.e. after withdrawal of the ions the period time returned to its original value. in order to achieve the same period lengthening as with 2.5 mm la(3+), 20 mm ca(2+) and 40 mm mg(2+) was needed. the effects are discussed along two lines: (a) the ions interfere with ionic processes, central for the stoma ...	1975	24435179
[light-mediated de-novo synthesis of δ-aminolaevulinate dehydratase in isolated avena etioplasts].	a light dependent increase of the activity of δ-aminolaevulinate dehydratase (e.c. 4.2.1.24) in isolated etioplasts of avena sativa l. was shown. this increase can be assumed to be due to a de-novo synthesis of the enzyme. chloramphenicol was found to inhibit this synthesis, whereas cycloheximide did not have any effect. illumination with red light (660 nm) was followed by the same increase of porphobilinogen production as illumination with white light; far-red (731 nm) did not induce such an ef ...	1975	24435263
fall-grown oat to extend the fall grazing season for replacement dairy heifers.	our objective was to assess the pasture productivity and forage characteristics of 2 fall-grown oat (avena sativa l.) cultivars, specifically for extending the grazing season and reducing reliance on harvested forages by replacement dairy heifers. a total of 160 gravid holstein heifers (80 heifers/yr) were stratified by weight, and assigned to 1 of 10 identical research pens (8 heifers/pen). initial body weights were 480 ± 43.5 kg in 2011 and 509 ± 39.4 kg in 2012. during both years of the trial ...	2014	24440262
evidence against the occurrence of adenosine-3':5'-cyclic monophosphate in higher plants.	previous reports on the incorporation of [(14)c]adenine into adenosine-3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic amp) in oat (avena sativa l.) and maize (zea mays l.) coleoptile sections, chick-pea (cicer arietinum l.) embryos and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) aleurone layers were reexamined. separation of labelled nucleotides on deae-sephadex a 25 showed that a peak of (14)c activity, previously considered to be cyclic amp, is not identical with this compound. attempts to detect the cyclic nucleotide by ...	1974	24442328
phytochrome: immunocytochemical assay of synthesis and destruction.	the protein moiety of phytochrome, when assayed by an immunocytochemical technique, was not detected in dry oat (avena sativa l., cv. garry) and rye (secale cereale l., cv. balbo) grains or in grains hydrated 4 h at 25°. after 24 h of hydration immunochemical activity of phytochrome in situ was readily detectable. immunocytochemical assays of destruction show that different regions of 3-day-old, single oat and rye seedlings have different destruction kinetics. oat roots apparently exhibit much s ...	1974	24442499
subcellular localization of the red-absorbing form of phytochrome by immunocytochemistry.	an immunocytochemical technique was used to localize the red-absorbing form of phytochrome at the light- or electron-microscope level in etiolated barley (hordeum vulgare l.) coleoptile tip, rice (oryza sativa l.) coleoptilar node, maize (zea mays l.) coleoptile tip, rye (secale cereale l.) coleoptile tip and coleoptilar node, and oat (avena sativa l.) root cap. staining for phytochrome in the cells was found to be generally distributed throughout the cytoplasm. in addition, barley also showed s ...	1974	24442776
iaa transport during the phototropic responses of intact zea and avena coleoptiles.	transport of indolyl-3-acetic acid (iaa) was studied during the phototropic responses of intact shoots and detached coleoptiles of zea mays l. and avena sativa l. the use of a high specific activity [5-(3)h]iaa and glass micropipettes enabled asymmetric application of the iaa to be made to individual coleoptiles with minimal tissue damage.a unilateral stimulus of 2.59×10(-11) einstein cm(-2) of blue light, probably in the dose range of the first positive phototropic response, caused significant ...	1974	24442803
changes in plastid envelope polypeptides during chloroplast development.	a quantitative estimation of sodium dodecyl sulphate-extractable plastid envelope polypeptides during greening of avena sativa l. laminae is described, combined with protein distribution and plastid number studies over the same period.a primary light-dependent and cytoplasm-dependent increase in both total plastid protein and envelope associated protein during the first 30 minutes of greening was observed, followed by a period during which release of envelope-associated protein either into the p ...	1974	24442806
effects of root applications of gibberellic acid on photosynthesis and growth in c3 and c 4 plants.	the effects of root applications of gibberellic acid (ga3) on growth and photosynthesis of 12 species of plants including c3 monocots (triticum aestivum l., wheat, hordeum vulgare l., barley and avena sativa l., oat), c3 dicots (vigna radiata l., mung bean, cucurbita moschata l., squash and capsicum annuum l., pepper), c4 monocots (zea mays l., corn, sorghum vulgare l., sorghum and panicum ramosum l., millet) and c4 dicots (amaranthus retroflexus l., pigweed, kochia scoparis l., kochia and gomph ...	1985	24442874
the effect of abscisic acid on the uptake of potassium and chloride into avena coleoptile sections.	the effect of abscisic acid (aba) on uptake of potassium ((86)bb(+) or (42)k(+)) by avena sativa l. coleoptile sections was investigated. aba lowered the potassium uptake rate within 30 min after its application and inhibition reached a maximum (ca. 75%) after 2 h. the inhibition of k(+) uptake increased with aba concentration over a range of 0.03 to 10 μg/ml aba. at a higher k(+) concentration (20 mm) the percentage inhibition decreased. the percentage inhibition of k(+) uptake by aba remained ...	1974	24458128
the lateral transport of iaa in intact coleoptiles of avena sativa l. and zea mays l. during geotropic stimulation.	movement of iaa was studied in excised coleoptile apices and whole seedlings of zea mays l. and avena sativa l. during geotropic stimulation. a micropipette technique permitted the application of [5-(3)h]iaa at predetermined points on the coleoptiles with minimal tissue damage.when [5-(3)h]iaa was applied to the upper side of a horizontal excised zea coleoptile, about 60% of the recoverable radioactivity had moved into the lower half after 2 h. in contrast, when application was made to the lower ...	1973	24458860
stimulation of avena coleoptile growth by reduction of oxygen supply.	the growth of avena sativa l. coleoptiles was accelerated by reduction of the o2 concentration in the surrounding atmosphere. cell-wall extensibility was increased in close relation to the increase in elongation, 6-8% o2 giving the optimal effect in either case. growth promotion by reduced o2 concentration and by auxin (indole-3-acetic acid; iaa) were additive, at least at lower auxin concentrations.this response to reduced o2 concentration was also present in sections pretreated with cyclohexim ...	1974	24458929
hydration and pasting properties of oat (avena sativa) flour.	three oat cultivars and one oat breeding line were evaluated for chemical, hydration and pasting properties. protein, starch and β-glucan levels ranged 11.13∼14.37, 56.37∼64.86 and 3.44∼4.76%, respectively. the oat cultivars daeyang and seonyang contained higher β-glucan levels of 4.76 and 4.35%. the daeyang variety had a higher water absorption index (wai) of 2.83∼3.35 (g/g), but a lower water solubility index (wsi) of 8.67 ∼11.08%. daeyang and seonyang cultivars showed higher peak and trough v ...	2012	24471068
factors that control the chemistry of the lov domain photocycle.	algae, plants, bacteria and fungi contain light-oxygen-voltage (lov) domains that function as blue light sensors to control cellular responses to light. all lov domains contain a bound flavin chromophore that is reduced upon photon absorption and forms a reversible, metastable covalent bond with a nearby cysteine residue. in avena sativa lov2 (aslov2), the photocycle is accompanied by an allosteric conformational change that activates the attached phototropin kinase in the full-length protein. b ...	2014	24475227
isolation of protoplasts from cereal leaves.	mature leaves of secale cereale cut into narrow strips and incubated for 18 h in a mixture of cellulase (meicelase) and pectinase (pectinol r10) produced quantities of protoplasts. under the same conditions leaves of triticum aestivum, hordeum vulgare and avena sativa also produce protoplasts but in lower yields. the wheat and rye protoplasts in culture appear to regenerate a cell wall but only a very small proportion undergo cell division.	1972	24481701
aspects of phytochrome decay in etiolated seedlings under continuous illumination.	the rate of total phytochrome decay in the dicotyledons amaranthus caudatus, mirabilis jalapa and pisum sativum under continuous illumination with red, incandescent, and blue light depends on the pfr/ptotal maintained by each source. amaranthus is an exception to this in that there is a deviation from firstorder decay kinetics under continuous illumination with incancdescent light. this deviation is probably not related to the chlorophyll present in the amaranthus sample since chlorophyll-rich p ...	1972	24482270
electrical properties of parenchymal cell membranes in the oat coleoptile.	parenchymal cells of oat (avena sativa) coleoptiles had an osmotic concentration of 410 mm (determined by plasmolysis); of this only 22 mm was k(+) and 1 mm na(+) (flame photometry). cells were impaled with micropipette electrodes. iontophoretic injection of the dye niagara sky-blue from the micropipette showed that the tip of the electrode penetrated the vacuole. when sections of tissue were immersed in a solution of 22 mm kcl, 1 mm cacl2, and 50 mm glucose, average membrane potential was found ...	1972	24482272
[differences in the light-activation of nadp-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and of ribulose-5-phosphate kinase between plants containing the calvin and those containing the c4-dicarboxylic acid pathway of photosynthetic carbon reduction].	1. preceding experiments had shown that irradiance of intact leaves or of isolated chloroplasts causes a reversible increase in the activity of nadp-gpd (ziegler and ziegler, 1965) as well as of ribulose-5-phosphate kinase (latzko and gibbs, 1969). examination of several species which carry out the calvin type of photosynthetic co2 fixation (vicia faba, spinacia oleracea, nicotiana tabacum, avena sativa) now revealed that the dark level of nadp-gpd activity ranges between 300-400 μmol nadph/mg c ...	1971	24493083
microfibril orientation in plant cell walls.	the distribution of particles on the surface of the plasmalemma in the collenchyma of apium graveolens was studied by the freeze-etching technique. the aim was to determine whether the distribution of particles was related to the known longitudinal or transverse orientation of cellulose microfibrils in different layers of the walls of these cells. preliminary statistical studies have shown no obvious correlation between particle distribution and microfibril orientation although the distribution ...	1970	24500125
characterization of oats (avena sativa l.) cultivars using machine vision.	machine vision or image analysis is an important tool in the study of morphology of any materials. this technique has been used successfully to differentiate the eleven oats cultivars based on morphological characters. the geometry of seeds was measured through image analyzer and the variation was observed and recorded. from the recorded data, the cluster analysis was carried out and it revealed that the cultivars could be grouped into two main clusters based on similarity in the measured parame ...	2013	24506019
isolation, properties, and structure of fraction i protein from avena sativa l.	1. a method is described for the extraction and purification of fraction i protein from avena sativa l. leaves. 2. the protein possesses ribulose diphosphate carboxylase activity. chromatography on gels of sephadex g-200 separates phosphoribulokinase and ribose phosphate isomerase from the carboxylase. 3. the s°20w was calculated to be 18.2, the stokes radius (determined by gel filtration on a cabibrated column) 74 å, the molecular weight 5.7×10(5), and the frictional ratio 1.35. 4. an amino aci ...	1968	24522874
the genetics of resistance to powdery mildew in cultivated oats (avena sativa l.): current status of major genes.	the genetics of resistance to powdery mildew caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. avenae of four cultivated oats was studied using monosomic analysis. cultivar 'bruno' carries a gene (pm6) that shows a recessive mode of inheritance and is located on chromosome 10d. cultivar 'jumbo' possesses a dominant resistance gene (pm1) on chromosome 1c. in cultivar 'rollo', in addition to the gene pm3 on chromosome 17a, a second dominant resistance gene (pm8) was identified and assigned to chromosome 4c. in b ...	2014	24526453
[tannins and growth : iii. analysis of the iaa/tannin-antagonism in oat-coleoptile cylinders].	an analysis of the iaa/tannin-antagonism which occurs in oat-coleoptiles was carried out. the investigations were done with 10 mm coleoptile sections of 4-day-old seedlings of avena sativa l. var. "flämingsgold".first it was shown that the iaa/tannin-antagonism which could be established with a tannin-preparation by "fluka" resembled very much that caused by "merck-tannin". whereas the antagonism which was demonstrated by "merck-tannin" seemed to be independent of the iaa concentration, the anta ...	1967	24553745
metabolic changes in avena sativa crowns recovering from freezing.	extensive research has been conducted on cold acclimation and freezing tolerance of fall-sown cereal plants due to their economic importance; however, little has been reported on the biochemical changes occurring over time after the freezing conditions are replaced by conditions favorable for recovery and growth such as would occur during spring. in this study, gc-ms was used to detect metabolic changes in the overwintering crown tissue of oat (avena sativa l.) during a fourteen day time-course ...	2014	24675792
vitamin e levels in soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) expressing a p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate gene from oat (avena sativa l.).	the enzyme p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (hppd) is ubiquitous in plants and functions in the tyrosine catabolic pathway, resulting in the formation of homogentisate. homogentisate is the aromatic precursor of all plastoquinones and tocochromanols, including tocopherols and tocotrienols. soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) has been genetically modified to express the gene avhppd-03 that encodes the protein avhppd-03 derived from oat (avena sativa l.). the avhppd-03 isozyme has an inherent redu ...	2014	24684596
dynamics of the chemical composition and productivity of composts for the cultivation of agaricus bisporus strains.	two compost formulations based on oat straw (avena sativa) and brachiaria (brachiaria sp.) were tested for the cultivation of three agaricus bisporus strains (abi-07/06, abi-05/03, and pb-1). the experimental design was a 2 × 3 factorial scheme (composts × strains) with 6 treatments and 8 repetitions (boxes containing 12 kg of compost). the chemical characterization of the compost (humidity, organic matter, carbon, nitrogen, ph, raw protein, ethereal extract, fibers, ash, cellulose, hemicellulos ...	2013	24688503
the role of climatic variables in winter cereal yields: a retrospective analysis.	this study examined the effects of observed climate including [co2] on winter cereal [winter wheat (triticum aestivum), barley (hordeum vulgare) and oat (avena sativa)] yields by adopting robust statistical analysis/modelling approaches (i.e. autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average, generalised addition model) based on long time series of historical climate data and cereal yield data at three locations (moree, dubbo and wagga wagga) in new south wales, australia. research results s ...	2015	24763659
characterization of nitrogen and water status in oat leaves using optical sensing approach.	optical sensing is a potential tool to estimate plant n status, but soil water deficits may interefere with forming a clear relationship. a greenhouse study was conducted with oat plants treated with three water regimes and four n levels to determine whether optical sensing could be used to estimate leaf n and relative water content (rwc).	2015	24796652
effect of gamma irradiation on the nutritional quality of agaricus bisporus strains cultivated in different composts.	the effect of irradiation doses (0, 125, 250 and 500 gy) on the nutritional quality of a. bisporus mushrooms (strains abi-07/06, abi-05/03 and pb-1) cultivated in composts based on oat straw (avena sativa) and brachiaria (brachiaria sp.) was evaluated. the experimental design was 4 x 3 x 2 factorial scheme (irradiation doses x strains x composts), with 24 treatments, consisting of two repetitions each, totaling 48 experimental units (samples of mushrooms). the samples were irradiated in cobalt-6 ...	2014	24838546
increased productivity of a cover crop mixture is not associated with enhanced agroecosystem services.	cover crops provide a variety of important agroecological services within cropping systems. typically these crops are grown as monocultures or simple graminoid-legume bicultures; however, ecological theory and empirical evidence suggest that agroecosystem services could be enhanced by growing cover crops in species-rich mixtures. we examined cover crop productivity, weed suppression, stability, and carryover effects to a subsequent cash crop in an experiment involving a five-species annual cover ...	2014	24847902