Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| alum-type adjuvant effect of non-haemolytic saponins purified from ilex and passiflora spp. | five saponins purified from the leaves of three ilex species (saponins 1 and 2 from i. dumosa; saponin 3 from i. argentina; saponin 4 from i. paraguariensis) and from passiflora alata (saponin 5) were evaluated for their in vitro haemolytic activity and in vivo immunostimulatory ability in a mouse model using tetanus toxoid (tt) as a model antigen. the assayed saponins showed very weak or no haemolytic activity over the tested concentration range. mice were immunized twice with tt formulated wit ... | 2011 | 21480409 |
| trace elements in different brands of yerba mate tea. | yerba mate (ilex paraguariensis), a widely consumed beverage in south america, contains various biochemically active substances, among them are several minerals. this paper reports on the results of a survey of trace elements in the yerba mate infusions. three different commercially available trademarks of i. paraguariensis were evaluated, simulating the popular mode of preparation. atomic absorption analyses for cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, aluminum, iron, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, and s ... | 2011 | 21487890 |
| indirect effects of tending ants on holm oak volatiles and acorn quality. | the indirect effect of ants on plants through their mutualim with honeydew-producing insects has been extensively investigated. honeydew-producing insects that are tended by ants impose a cost on plant fitness and health by reducing seed production and/or plant growth. this cost is associated with sap intake and virus transmissions but may be overcompensated by tending ants if they deter or prey hebivorous insects. the balance between cost and benefits depends on the tending ant species. in this ... | 2011 | 21494087 |
| chemical composition and antioxidant activity of yerba-mate (ilex paraguariensis a.st.-hil., aquifoliaceae) extract as obtained by spray drying. | yerba-mate or maté (ilex paraguariensis a.st.-hil., aquifoliaceae) leaves are typically used for their stimulant, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and diuretic activity, presenting as principal components polyphenolic compounds. in this study, the objective was to develop a yerba-mate dry extract by using spray drying technology and to evaluate the dry extract antioxidant activity and chemical composition. the results obtained by means of the dpph assay show that the extract presents an ic(50) of 2. ... | 2011 | 21510640 |
| new remarkable records of microfungi from sardinia (italy). | in june 2009 we organized a botanical student excursion to the eastern part of sardinia, italy. on this occasion we were able to collect and identify over 80 species of microfungi growing on higher plants. the collecting sites were spread over a large area, among them were la caletta, capo comino, monte albo, cala gonone, monte maccione, san teodoro, capo testa. the collected microfungi were parasitic or saprophytic; basidiomycotina (uredinales), ascomycotina and deuteromycotina (hyphomycetes, c ... | 2010 | 21534478 |
| antimicrobial properties of quercus ilex l. proanthocyanidin dimers and simple phenolics: evaluation of their synergistic activity with conventional antimicrobials and prediction of their pharmacokinetic profile. | the antibacterial and antifungal activities of an ample number of phenolic compounds isolated from quercus ilex leaves, belonging to the classes of flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids, are discussed. the isolation of a type proanthocyanidin, (+)-epigallocatechin-(2β→o→7, 4β→8)-(+)-catechin (1) is reported for the first time. its structure was established by means of highfield nmr (correlation spectroscopy, heteronuclear single quantum correlation, heteronuclear multiple bond correl ... | 2011 | 21563833 |
| oxidative stability of fermented italian-type sausages using mate leaves (ilex paraguariensis st. hil) extract as natural antioxidant. | the objective of this work is to evaluate the effects of the addition of dried extract from mate leaves on the oxidative stability (lipid and protein), microbiological characteristics (lactic and micrococcaceae bacteria) and sensory attributes of formulations of italian-type sausages. the different italian-type sausages formulations tested in this work were in agreement with the legislation in terms of chemical and microbiological parameters. during storage, the formulation with 0.4 wt% of mate ... | 2011 | 21591987 |
| effect of elevated co(2) on carbon partitioning in young quercus ilex l. during resprouting. | stored carbon (c) represents a very important c pool with residence times of years to decades in tree organic matter. with the objective of understanding c assimilation, partitioning and remobilization in 2-year-old quercus ilex l., those trees were exposed for 7 months to different [co(2) ] (elevated: 700 µmol mol(-1) ; and ambient: 350 µmol mol(-1) co(2) ). the (13) c-isotopic composition of the ambient co(2) (ca. -12.8‰) was modified (to ca. -19.2‰) under the elevated co(2) conditions in orde ... | 2011 | 21594926 |
| the effect of aqueous extract of gross and commercial yerba mate (ilex paraguariensis) on intra-abdominal and epididymal fat and glucose levels in male wistar rats. | this study analyzed the plasma lipid profile, glucose levels and fat deposits in male rats treated with aqueous extract of gross yerba mate, commercial yerba mate or water. yerba mate treatment did not change body weight gain and lipid profile. the consumption of gross yerba mate significantly increased blood glucose (6.6mmol/l) as compared to the water (4.8mmol/l) and commercial group (5.2mmol/l) and decreased epididymal and intra-abdominal deposits (10.1mg/g and 23.7mg/g of weight) as compared ... | 2011 | 21600272 |
| antioxidant activity and free radical-scavenging capacity of a selection of wild-growing colombian plants. | background: the replacement of some synthetic food antioxidants by safe natural antioxidants has fostered research on the screening of raw materials to find new vegetable sources of antioxidants. in this study the antioxidant activity of eight wild-growing colombian plants was assessed by four complementary assays. results: an evaluation of the antioxidant activity of ten ethanolic extracts from baccharis chilco, cinnamomum triplinerve, ilex laurina, lachemilla orbiculata, lepechinia conferta, q ... | 2011 | 21604280 |
| studies of variability in holm oak (quercus ilex subsp. ballota [desf.] samp.) through acorn protein profile analysis. | studies of variability in holm oak (quercus ilex subsp. ballota [desf.] samp.), the dominant tree species in the typical mediterranean forest, have been carried out by using electrophoresis-based proteomic analysis of acorns. ten populations distributed throughout the andalusia region have been surveyed. acorns were sampled from individual trees and proteins extracted from seed flour by using the tca-acetone precipitation protocol. extracts were subjected to sds-page and 2-de for protein separat ... | 2011 | 21605712 |
| bioactive aromatic derivatives from endophytic fungus, cytospora sp. | two new benzyl gamma-butyrolactone analogues, (r)-5-((s)-hydroxy(phenyl)-methyl)dihydrofuran-2(3h)-one (1) and its 6-acetate (2), and a new naphthalenone derivative (8), together with eight additional known aromatic derivatives, (s)-5-((s)-hydroxy(phenyl)-methyl)dihydrofuran-2(3h)-one (3), (s)-5-benzyl-dihydrofuran-2(3h)-one (4), 5-phenyl-4-oxopentanoic acid (5), gamma-oxo-benzenepentanoic acid methyl ester (6), 3-(2,5-dihydro-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-3-phenyl-2-furyl)propionic acid (7), (3r)-5-methylmel ... | 2011 | 21615028 |
| seed-mass effects in four mediterranean quercus species (fagaceae) growing in contrasting light environments. | three hypotheses have been proposed to explain the functional relationship between seed mass and seedling performance: the reserve effect (larger seeds retain a larger proportion of reserves after germinating), the metabolic effect (seedlings from larger seeds have slower relative growth rates), and the seedling-size effect (larger seeds produce larger seedlings). we tested these hypotheses by growing four mediterranean quercus species under different light conditions (3, 27, and 100% of availab ... | 2007 | 21636374 |
| molecular analyses of the genus ilex (aquifoliaceae) in southern south america, evidence from aflp and its sequence data. | in order to clarify the relationships among southern south american (ssa) representatives of the genus ilex, an amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis was accomplished. in addition, the phylogenetic relationships of the species were studied using ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (its) sequence data alone and in combination with aflp data, taking into account the possible existence of paralogous sequences and the influence of alignment parameters. to explore stability of phyl ... | 2005 | 21652411 |
| stomatal frequency responses in hardwood-swamp vegetation from florida during a 60-year continuous co2 increase. | in a stomatal frequency analysis of leaf remains of quercus nigra, acer rubrum, myrica cerifera, ilex cassine, and osmunda regalis that were preserved in precisely dated peat deposits of north-central florida, the stomatal index decreased as a response to an atmospheric co(2) increase from 310 ppmv to 370 ppmv over the past 60 years. the observations indicate that co(2) responsiveness may occur in different canopy levels of hardwood-swamp vegetation. apart from common woody plants, long-lived fe ... | 2005 | 21652447 |
| dicaffeoylquinic acids in yerba mate (ilex paraguariensis st. hilaire) inhibit nf-κb nucleus translocation in macrophages and induce apoptosis by activating caspases-8 and -3 in human colon cancer cells. | scope: the biological functions of caffeoylquinic acid (cqa) derivatives from various plant sources have been partially elucidated. the objectives were to isolate and purify dicqas from yerba mate tea leaves and assess their anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer capabilities in vitro and explore their mechanism of action. methods and results: methanol extracts of dried mate leaves were resolved by flash chromatography and further purified resulting in two fractions one containing 3,4- and 3,5-dicqas ... | 2011 | 21656672 |
| comparative study of the effect of green and roasted water extracts of mate (ilex paraguariensis) on glucosyltransferase activity of streptococcus mutans. | glucosyltransferase (gtf) plays an important role in the development of dental caries. this study was carried out to compare the efficiency of green mate (gm) and roasted mate (rm) water extracts, drinks rich in polyphenolic compounds consumed in the subtropical region of south america, on the extracellular gtf activity from streptococcus mutans. the rm extract exhibited a greater inhibitory effect (ic(50) of 10 mg/ml) despite presenting lower polyphenolic content. the kinetic analysis showed th ... | 2011 | 21657949 |
| comparative anatomical analysis of the cotyledonary region in three mediterranean basin quercus (fagaceae). | anatomical changes at the cotyledonary node from the embryo to the seedling stage in quercus coccifera, q. ilex, and q. humilis were investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy techniques. mature embryos of q. humilis possess 2-3 pairs of leaf primordia and a pair of cotyledonary buds, whereas in q. coccifera and q. ilex there are two incipient primordia, and cotyledonary buds are not observed until 1 wk after germination. in all three species the cotyledonary buds multiply, forming b ... | 2002 | 21665633 |
| studies in neotropical paleobotany. xv. a mio-pliocene palynoflora from the eastern cordillera, bolivia: implications for the uplift history of the central andes. | an assemblage of 33 fossil pollen and spores, recovered from the 3600-m high pislepampa locality of e. w. berry, eastern cordillera, bolivia, adds considerably to our knowledge of three aspects of the region in late neogene time: (1) the paleovegetation, (2) the paleoclimate, and (3) the paleoelevation of the central andes. the plant microfossils recognized are isoetes, lycopodium (three types), cnemidaria, cyathea (three types), grammitis, hymenophyllum, pteris, trilete fern spores (two types), ... | 2001 | 21669687 |
| sex ratios, size distributions, and sexual dimorphism in the dioecious tree ilex aquifolium (aquifoliaceae). | sex ratio and sexual dimorphism in physiology and growth were studied in the dioecious tree ilex aquifolium at two localities in northern spain. genet sex ratio was significantly male biased in one locality but not in the other. however, ramet and flowering ramet sex ratios were male biased at both study sites. males had significantly thicker main trunks than females in one locality and produced more ramets in the other. growth rate, estimated from mean width of annual rings, did not differ betw ... | 1998 | 21680320 |
| studies in neotropical paleobotany. xiii. an oligo-miocene palynoflora from simojovel (chiapas, mexico). | a plant microfossil assemblage of 24 identified and five unknown pollen and spore types is reported from the early miocene la quinta formation near simojovel, chiapas, mexico. the taxa group into seven paleocommunities representing versions of the modern mangroves (pelliciera, rhizophora), swamp and lowland riparian forest (ceratopteris, crudia, pachira), tropical rain forest (selaginella, cf. antrophyum, pteris, sphaeropteris/trichipteris, cf. aguiaria, crudia, guarea, pachira), lower montane r ... | 1999 | 21680342 |
| polyphenol deposition in leaf hairs of olea europaea (oleaceae) and quercus ilex (fagaceae). | the subcellular localization (cytoplasm, vacuoles, cell walls) of polyphenol compounds during the development of the multicellular nonglandular leaf hairs of olea europaea (scales) and quercus ilex (stellates), was investigated. hairs of all developmental stages were treated with specific inducers of polyphenol fluorescence, and the bright yellow-green fluorescence of individual hairs was monitored with epifluorescence microscopy. during the early ontogenetic stages, bright fluorescence was emit ... | 1998 | 21684984 |
| nutrients and trace elements content of wood decay fungi isolated from oak (quercus ilex). | the presence of chemical elements and the differences in their concentration in the fruiting bodies of wood decay fungi may reflect their activity either as saprobes or parasites and the intimate physiological relation with the substrate from which they extract their nutrients. in order to test this hypothesis, we carried out a systematic sampling of eight species of wood decay fungi on oak (quercus ilex). the data show that the concentration of some elements exhibits a very wide range of values ... | 2011 | 21748305 |
| caffeoylquinic acid derived free radicals identified during antioxidant reactions of bitter tea (ilex latifolia and ilex kudincha). | in order to provide some insight into the chemical basis for the antioxidant behaviour of bitter tea, the chinese medicinal beverage derived from leaves of ilex kudincha or ilex latifolia, free radicals generated during the oxidation of aqueous extracts of dried leaves have been investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectroscopy. with both beverages, the major components in the epr spectra after accelerated autoxidation under alkaline conditions or oxidation with the superoxide a ... | 2010 | 21776475 |
| hydrolysis influence on phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, plasma concentration, and tissue distribution of hydroethanolic ilex paraguariensis extract components. | the infusion of aerial parts of ilex paraguariensis is widely consumed. its antioxidant activity suggests an important role of this plant in the treatment/prevention of oxidative stress related diseases. plant extract active compounds are frequently found in esterified form that may be poorly absorbed. hydrolysis of the extract is a possible approach to increase its bioavailability. the aim of this study was to perform a phytochemical analysis and evaluate in rats the plasma concentration and ti ... | 2011 | 21790134 |
| reduction in oxidative stress levels in the colonic mucosa without fecal stream after the application of enemas containing aqueous ilex paraguariensis extract. | to evaluate the antioxidant effects of enemas containing aqueous extract of ilex paraguariensis, comparing segments with and without fecal stream and correlating the segments with the duration of intervention. | 2011 | 21808842 |
| bird predation enhances tree seedling resistance to insect herbivores in contrasting forest habitats. | according to the associational resistance hypothesis, neighbouring plants are expected to influence both the insect herbivore communities and their natural enemies. however, this has rarely been tested for the effects of canopy trees on herbivory of seedlings. one possible mechanism responsible for associational resistance is the indirect impact of natural enemies on insect herbivory, such as insectivorous birds. but it remains unclear to what extent such trophic cascades are influenced by the c ... | 2011 | 21811874 |
| the mediterranean evergreen quercus ilex and the semi-deciduous cistus albidus differ in their leaf gas exchange regulation and acclimation to repeated drought and re-watering cycles. | plants may exhibit some degree of acclimation after experiencing drought, but physiological adjustments to consecutive cycles of drought and re-watering (recovery) have scarcely been studied. the mediterranean evergreen holm oak (q. ilex) and the semi-deciduous rockrose (c. albidus) showed some degree of acclimation after the first of three drought cycles (s1, s2, and s3). for instance, during s2 and s3 both species retained higher relative leaf water contents than during s1, despite reaching si ... | 2011 | 21813795 |
| appraisal of anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activities of ethanol extract of ilex ficoidea hemsl and ilex centrochinensis s.y. hu. | this study was to appraise the anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activities of ethanol extracts of ilex ficoidea hemsl (eifh) and ilex centrochinensis s.y. hu (eicc). anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated using xylene-induced ear edema and the cotton pellet granuloma tests. some antioxidants produced during chronic inflammation were quantitated and the dpph, superoxide anion and hydroxyl free radicals scavenging activities in vitro were also investigated. eicc showed a signific ... | 2011 | 21843790 |
| triterpenes and triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of ilex kudincha. | one new triterpene, kudinchalactone a (1), and four new triterpenoid saponins, ilekudinchosides a-d (2- 5), were isolated from the leaves of ilex kudincha c. j. tseng along with eight known triterpenoids. these new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1d and 2d nmr, hr-tof-ms, and cd spectra. compounds 2, 3, 12, and 13 showed antibacterial activities against staphylococcus aureus (sa) and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). | 2011 | 21870320 |
| Two new compounds from the roots of Ilex pubescens. | A new triterpenoid glycoside, heterobetulinic acid 3-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl(1???2)-ß-D-xylopyranoside (1), together with a new phenylacrylic acid derivative, 3'S,4'-dihydroxyl-2'-methylene-but-1'-enyl caffeate (2), were isolated from the roots of Ilex pubescens. Their structures were elucidated by HR-ESI-MS, 1-D and 2-D NMR analyses and chemical methods. In addition, the absolute configuration of 2 was established by the application of a modified Mosher's method. | 2011 | 21870934 |
| Instantaneous and historical temperature effects on alpha-pinene emissions in Pinus halepensis and Quercus ilex. | We compared the role of instantaneous temperature and temperature history in the determination of alpha-pinene emissions in Mediterranean conifer Pinus halepensis that stores monoterpenes in resin ducts, and in Mediterranean broad-leaved evergreen Quercus ilex that lacks such specialized storage structures. In both species, alpha-pinene emission rates (E) exhibited a significant exponential correlation with leaf temperature and the rates of photosynthetic electron transport (Jco2+o2) started to ... | 2011 | 21888223 |
| purification and characterization of a magnesium ion requiring n-acetyl-d-glucosamine specific lectin from seeds of quercus ilex l. | a new magnesium ion requiring n-acetyl-d-glucosamine specific lectin qil was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from seeds of quercus ilex l. through successive steps of (i) lectin extraction, (ii) ammonium sulphate (30-50%) fractionation, (iii) diethylaminoethyl (deae)-cellulose chromatography, (iv) carboxymethyl (cm)-cellulose chromatography, and (v) sephadex g-75 chromatography. the lectin, having specific activity of 25,600 hemagglutination units (hau)/mg of protein, was found to be a m ... | 2011 | 21897024 |
| comprehensive analysis of maté (ilex paraguariensis) compounds: development of chemical strategies for matesaponin analysis by mass spectrometry. | ilex paraguariensis (maté) is an important plant from southern brazil, paraguay, uruguay and argentina, where its leaves are widely used in hot or cold beverages. we now present a comprehensive ulpc-pda-ms analysis of the compounds found in its leaves. the analysis was rapid, less than 13 min and many compounds were identified, among these, the chlorogenic acid series, and other quinic acid derivatives, xanthines, and several saponins, many of which have not been previously described, including ... | 2011 | 21899851 |
| Effects of Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil. (Yerba Mate) on Herpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2 Replication. | The antiherpes effects of the crude extract obtained from Ilex paraguariensis leaves (yerba mate) and their purified fractions were investigated. The most active fraction was selected and assayed to determine the viral multiplication steps upon which it acted. In order to detect the major components of this fraction, thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis was performed. The antiviral activity was evaluated against HSV-1 and HSV-2 by a viral plaque number reduction assay (IC(50) ) and the cytot ... | 2011 | 21915933 |
| Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) consumption is associated with higher bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. | Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) tea consumption is higher in Argentina and other South American countries than those of coffee or tea (Camellia sinensis). The effects of Yerba Mate on bone health have not previously been explored. From a program for osteoporosis prevention and treatment, postmenopausal women who drank at least 1L of Yerba Mate tea daily during 4 or more years (n=146) were identified, and matched by age and time since menopause with an equal number of women who did not drink Yer ... | 2012 | 21920487 |
| below-ground ectomycorrhizal community in natural tuber melanosporum truffle grounds and dynamics after canopy opening. | the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber melanosporum fruits in association with quercus in natural forests of spain. some of these stands are managed to keep an open canopy and meet the habitat requirements of the fungus. however, there are few quantitative studies analysing in these forests the relationship between soil environment and t. melanosporum. eight forest stands which produce t. melanosporum have been monitored for 6 years in order to characterise the below-ground ectomycorrhizal community a ... | 2011 | 21932021 |
| patterns of leaf morphology and leaf n content in relation to winter temperatures in three evergreen tree species. | the competitive equilibrium between deciduous and perennial species in a new scenario of climate change may depend closely on the productivity of leaves along the different seasons of the year and on the morphological and chemical adaptations required for leaf survival during the different seasons. the aim of the present work was to analyze such adaptations in the leaves of three evergreen species (quercus ilex, q. suber and pinus pinaster) and their responses to between-site differences in the ... | 2011 | 21969112 |
| Manipulation of VOC emissions with methyl jasmonate and carrageenan in the evergreen conifer Pinus sylvestris and evergreen broadleaf Quercus ilex. | Plant defence can be induced by exposing plants to the plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) or its volatile ester, methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Carrageenans (Carr) - sulphated d-galactans extracted from red algae - can also induce plant defences. In this study, the effects of exogenous MeJA and Carr application (concentration 300 and 12.7 µmol, respectively) on volatile emissions from two widespread evergreen woody species, Pinus sylvestris (nine Turkish and one Finnish provenance) and Quercus ilex (Ita ... | 2011 | 21973325 |
| Bioactive nonanolide derivatives isolated from the endophytic fungus Cytospora sp. | Cytospolides F-Q (6-17) and decytospolides A and B (18 and 19), 14 unusual nonanolide derivatives, were isolated from Cytospora sp., an endophytic fungus from Ilex canariensis. The structures were elucidated by means of detailed spectroscopic analysis, chemical interconversion, and X-ray single crystal diffraction. The solution- and solid-state conformers were compared by the combination of experimental methods (X-ray, NMR) supported by DFT calculations of the conformers. Absolute configurations ... | 2011 | 22011230 |
| protective and ameliorative effects of maté (ilex paraguariensis) on metabolic syndrome in tsod mice. | yerba maté (mate) tea, a herbal tea prepared from the leaves of ilex paraguariensis, is widely consumed in southern latin america, and is gaining popularity worldwide. we investigated effects of an aqueous extract of mate on metabolic syndrome features in a metabolic syndrome model tsumura suzuki obese diabetic (tsod) mouse. oral administration of mate (100 mg/kg) for 7 weeks induced significant decreases in body weight, body mass index, and food intake in tsod. it significantly decreased the hy ... | 2011 | 22018902 |
| Safety assessment of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) dried extract: Results of acute and 90days subchronic toxicity studies in rats and rabbits. | Acute toxicity of yerba mate dried extract (YMDE) was investigated in Wistar rats (6/sex/group) from single dose of 2g/kg body weight by intragastric administration and 14days monitoring. Subchronic toxicity was investigated in Wistar rats, by intragastric administration (10/sex/group), and in New Zealand rabbits by oral administration (3/sex/group) of 2g/kg body weight for 12weeks. Toxicological parameters included clinical signs, body weight, water, and food consumption, hematological and seru ... | 2011 | 22019692 |
| Emission factors from residential combustion appliances burning Portuguese biomass fuels. | Smoke from residential wood burning has been identified as a major contributor to air pollution, motivating detailed emission measurements under controlled conditions. A series of experiments were performed to compare the emission levels from two types of wood-stoves to those of fireplaces. Eight types of biomass were burned in the laboratory: wood from seven species of trees grown in the Portuguese forest (Pinus pinaster, Eucalyptus globulus, Quercus suber, Acacia longifolia, Quercus faginea, O ... | 2011 | 22027805 |
| effect of exercise on skeletal muscle proteolytic enzyme activity and meat quality characteristics in iberian pigs. | the effects of physical activity on performance, carcass traits, psoas major lysosomal and exoprotease acitivies and meat quality were studied in 24 castrated male iberian pigs during the last fattening period (from 111.1±sd: 5.2kg). pigs were randomly distributed in three groups. two groups receiving the same diet were reared in confinement, one housed in individual pens of 8m(2) (sedentary group) and the other was housed outdoor with daily (up to 2km) forced walking (exercise group). and one g ... | 2008 | 22062599 |
| Mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis) improves glycemic and lipid profiles of type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes individuals: a pilot study. | Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) infusions have been shown to reduce plasma glucose in animals and serum lipids in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of roasted mate tea consumption, with or without dietary counseling, on the glycemic and lipid profiles of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or pre-diabetes. | 2011 | 22081618 |
| [mineral bioaccessibility in yerba mate (ilex paraguariensis st) infusions and mixtures with iron fortified milk]. | the bioaccesibility of various minerals in infusions of yerba male (mate cocido) and preparations with fe-fortified milk was assessed to determine the influence of the infusions on the potential bioavailability of intrinsic minerals and fortified fe. the dialyzability (d) of iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc was evaluated, as indicator of bioaccesibility in milk samples fortified with ferrous sulfate (fs), ferric bisglicinate gf) and edtanafe. dialyzability was also evaluated in mixtures of milk ... | 2011 | 22097294 |
| lc-uv assay method and uplc/q-tof-ms characterisation of saponins from ilex paraguariensis a. st. hil. (mate) unripe fruits. | introduction: ilex paraguariensis a. st. hil. (mate) is known in several south american countries because of the use of its leaves in stimulant herbal beverages. high saponin contents were reported in mate leaves and unripe fruits that possess a dissimilar composition. two lc-uv methods previously reported for mate saponins assay focused on mate leaves and the quantification of the less polar saponin fraction in mate fruits. objective: to develop and validate a lc-uv method to assay the total co ... | 2011 | 22105927 |
| Triterpenoid saponins from Ilex mamillata C.Y. Wu ex C.J. Tseng. | Two new triterpenoid saponins, ilemaminosides A and B (1 and 2) along with six known saponins (3-8) were isolated from 70% ethanolic extract of the leaves of Ilex mamillata C.Y. Wu ex C.J. Tseng. The new saponins were characterised as 3-O-a-L-arabinopyranosyl-ilexgenin B (1) and 3-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl-(1???3)-a-L-arabinopyranosyl-ilexgenin B (2). The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of the chemical and spectroscopic methods, and the structures of known compounds were ... | 2011 | 22124275 |
| mate tea (ilex paraguariensis) promotes satiety and body weight lowering in mice: involvement of glucagon-like peptide-1. | we previously investigated the effects of an aqueous extract of maté (mate) tea, made from the leaves of ilex paraguariensis, on the diabesity and metabolic syndrome features in a mouse model. mate induced significant decreases in body weight (bw), body mass index, and food intake (fi). in this study, to verify the mode of action of mate on fi and consequently on bw, we examined the anorexic effects of mate on the appetite and satiety markers glucagon-like peptide 1 (glp-1) and leptin in high-fa ... | 2011 | 22130241 |
| unrestricted quality of seeds in european broad-leaved tree species growing at the cold boundary of their distribution. | background and aimsthe low-temperature range limit of tree species may be determined by their ability to produce and disperse viable seeds. biological processes such as flowering, pollen transfer, pollen tube growth, fertilization, embryogenesis and seed maturation are expected to be affected by cold temperatures. the aim of this study was to assess the quality of seeds of nine broad-leaved tree species close to their elevational limit.methodswe studied nine, mostly widely distributed, european ... | 2011 | 22156401 |
| Morphological and phenological shoot plasticity in a Mediterranean evergreen oak facing long-term increased drought. | Mediterranean trees must adjust their canopy leaf area to the unpredictable timing and severity of summer drought. The impact of increased drought on the canopy dynamics of the evergreen Quercus ilex was studied by measuring shoot growth, leaf production, litterfall, leafing phenology and leaf demography in a mature forest stand submitted to partial throughfall exclusion for 7 years. The leaf area index rapidly declined in the throughfall-exclusion plot and was 19% lower than in the control plot ... | 2011 | 22159896 |
| pain levels after third molar surgical removal: an evaluation of predictive variables. | aim: the aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the pain course after surgical removal of third molars. materials and methods: the sample consisted of 100 consecutive patients. pain intensity was assessed by means of a visual analog scale (vas). results: at day 1, moderate and severe pain were observed predominantly in patients who had surgery in the mandible (p < 0.001) and for patients younger than 24 years (p = 0.009), while more patients who weekly consumed mate tea (ilex paraguariens ... | 2011 | 22186857 |
| New triterpenoid glycosides from the roots of Ilex asprella. | Eight new triterpenoid glycosides, named ilexasosides A-H, were isolated from the roots of Ilex asprella. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical analyses. Ilexasosides B and D are rare sulfated derivatives of ursane-type triterpenoid glycosides. | 2011 | 22204776 |
| no evidence for enemy release during range expansion of an evergreen tree in northern europe. | 1. plant distributions are dynamic but the role of plant-insect interactions in controlling range dynamics is not well understood. enemy release, for example could facilitate plant range expansion under climate change. 2. we conducted a transplant experiment with the evergreen tree ilex aquifolium l. in both the historical and the expanding range in denmark to study possible effects of geographical position, small-scale distance, and plant types on presence and performance of the monophagous in ... | 2011 | 22251729 |
| effects of maté tea intake on ex vivo ldl peroxidation induced by three different pathways. | yerba maté (ilex paraguariensis) is a native south america plant widely consumed as different beverages. yerba maté leaves contains high concentrations of polyphenols that are responsible for its high in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity. the in vivo antioxidant properties vis a vis ldl particles has not yet been studied for maté tea, the roasted yerba maté product. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of maté tea ingestion ex vivo on human ldl. fasting peripheral ... | 2009 | 22253965 |
| first report of xiphinema brevicolle lordello et costa, 1961 (nematoda, longidoridae) in japan. | mixed populations of xiphinema americanum-group species were detected from a root zone soil sample of japanese holly, ilex crenata, during a survey for plant-parasitic nematodes of commercial ornamental plant nurseries in chiba prefecture, japan. from the result of the morphological study, the species were identified as xiphinema brevicolle and xiphinema sp. this is the first record of xiphinema brevicolle in japan. morphometrics of xiphinema brevicolle generally agree with those of the type spe ... | 2011 | 22259299 |
| [determination of tortoside a in ilicis pubescentis by rp-hplc]. | to establish a rp-hplc method for the determination of tortoside a in ilex pubences. | 2011 | 22375396 |
| antimicrobial activity of yerba mate (ilex paraguariensis) aqueous extracts against escherichia coli o157:h7 and staphylococcus aureus. | bioactive compounds from natural plant sources are becoming increasingly important to the food industry. ilex paraguariensis is used in the preparation of a widely popular tea beverage (yerba mate) in the countries of uruguay, paraguay, argentina, and brazil. in this study, extracts of 4 brands of commercial tea, derived from the holly plant species, ilex paraguariensis, were evaluated for their ability to inhibit or inactivate bacterial foodborne pathogens. the ultimate goal was to evaluate pot ... | 2011 | 22417517 |
| micropropagation of ilex khasiana, a critically endangered and endemic holly of northeast india. | ilex khasiana is a rare and critically endangered holly endemic to the khasi hills of meghalaya, india, and confined to a small number of pocket areas. in addition to conventional methods of propagation, endemic and threatened plants such as this could be more effectively multiplied and conserved using in vitro methods. such techniques have the additional advantage of having a low impact on wild populations because they require a minimum of starting material. our objective was to develop methodo ... | 2011 | 22476482 |
| [responses of ilex integra thunb. seedlings to elevated air ozone concentration]. | one-year-old ilex integra seedlings were exposed to charcoal-filtered (cf) and elevated ozone (e-o3, approximately 150 microl x l(-1)) for 84 days in six open-top chambers. visible injury, growth parameters, pigments content, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and antioxidant system were investigated during the growing season. at the end of experiment, foliage showed remarkable visible symptoms with dark-brown necrotic spots and patches which were concaved on the upper surface of the curre ... | 2011 | 22619972 |
| effects of yerba mate tea (ilex paraguariensis) on vascular endothelial function and liver lipoprotein receptor gene expression in hyperlipidemic rats. | yerba mate tea (mate), an infusion made from the leaves of the tree ilex paraguariensis, is a widely consumed beverage in south america. this study was performed to investigate the effect of mate tea on vascular endothelial dysfunction and liver lipoprotein receptor gene expression in hyperlipidemic rats, with the aim of gaining insight into its known lipid-lowering protective mechanisms. sixty male sprague-dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: a normal control group (nc), a high-f ... | 2012 | 23266732 |
| holm oak (quercus ilex l.) canopy as interceptor of airborne trace elements and their accumulation in the litter and topsoil. | we investigated the role of urban holm oak (quercus ilex l.) trees as an airborne metal accumulators and metals' environmental fate. analyses confirmed pb, cd, cu and zn as a main contaminants in siena's urban environment; only pb concentrations decreased significantly compared to earlier surveys. additionally, we determined chemical composition of tree leaves, litter and topsoil (underneath/outside tree crown) in urban and extra-urban oak stands. most notably, litter in urban samples collected ... | 2012 | 23269369 |
| anticonvulsant, neuroprotective and behavioral effects of organic and conventional yerba mate (ilex paraguariensis st. hil.) on pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in wistar rats. | epilepsy, which is one of the most common neurological disorders, involves the occurrence of spontaneous and recurrent seizures that alter the performance of the brain and affect several sensory and behavioral functions. oxidative damage has been associated with post-seizure neuronal injury, thereby increasing an individual's susceptibility to the occurrence of neurodegenerative disorders. the present study investigated the possible anticonvulsive and neuroprotective effects of organic and conve ... | 2012 | 23270878 |
| changes in soil bacterial community triggered by drought-induced gap succession preceded changes in soil c stocks and quality. | the aim of this study was to understand how drought-induced tree mortality and subsequent secondary succession would affect soil bacterial taxonomic composition as well as soil organic matter (som) quantity and quality in a mixed mediterranean forest where the scots pine (pinus sylvestris) population, affected by climatic drought-induced die-off, is being replaced by holm-oaks (ho; quercus ilex). we apply a high throughput dna pyrosequencing technique and (13)c solid-state nuclear magnetic reson ... | 2012 | 23301169 |
| [chemical constituents from ilex hainanensis]. | to investigate the chemical constituents from ilex hainanensis. | 2012 | 23320356 |
| holiday plants with toxic misconceptions. | several plants are used for their decorative effect during winter holidays. this review explores the toxic reputation and proposed management for exposures to several of those, namely poinsettia (euphorbia pulcherrima), english holly (ilex aquifolium), american holly (ilex opaca), bittersweet (solanum dulcamara), jerusalem cherry (solanum pseudocapsicum), american mistletoe (phoradendron serotinum), and european mistletoe (viscum album). | 2012 | 23359840 |
| rhamnogalacturonan from ilex paraguariensis: a potential adjuvant in sepsis treatment. | the present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of a polysaccharide from maté, using a clinically relevant model of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (clp). a polysaccharide from maté (spi) was obtained from aqueous extraction followed by fractionation, being identified as a rhamnogalacturonan with a main chain of →4)-6-ome-α-d-galpa-(1→ groups, interrupted by α-l-rhap units, substituted by a type i arabinogalactan. spi was tested against induced-polymicrobial sepsis, at d ... | 2012 | 23399219 |
| [chemical constituents from stems of ilex pubescens]. | to study the chemical constituents from the stems of ilex pubescens hook. et am. | 2012 | 23451497 |