| effect of dietary fats on the lipid composition and enzyme activities of rat cardiac sarcolemma. | the effect of dietary lipids on the lipid composition and the activities of some enzymes of cardiac sarcolemma were studied. feeding rats coconut oil--rich diet for 4 weeks resulted in a significant decrease in 5'-nucleotidase, phosphodiesterase i and p-nitrophenylphosphatase activity of cardiac sarcolemma as compared with feeding rats safflower oil. sarcolemma from animals fed coconut oil diet contained a significantly lower concentration of total polyunsaturated fatty acids and a higher concen ... | 1983 | 6886831 |
| relative muscarinic synaptic activation by anionic, neutral or cationic liposomes. | liposomes made of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline (dpc) and safflower oil fatty acids produce a contraction of the guinea pig ileum longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus preparation (lmmp). stimulating the lmmp while liposomes are present yielded greater than control contractions, an effect which remained for many minutes after liposomes had been washed out. neutral (dpc) liposomes produced a direct transitory decrease in basal tension and phasic activity. stimulation in the presence of neutral ... | 1981 | 6895674 |
| diet fat influences liver plasma-membrane lipid composition and glucagon-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. | rats were fed diets that differed in fatty acid composition or in the proportion of energy derived from fat to determine if alteration of dietary fat intake influences the structural lipid composition of liver plasma membrane and the expression of an associated hormone-receptor-mediated function. weanling rats were fed 9% (w/w) or 20% (w/w) low-erucic acid rape-seed oil or 9% (w/w) soya-bean oil for 24 days. plasma membranes were isolated and the effect of diet fat on the fatty acid composition ... | 1983 | 6882386 |
| effects of a diet deficient in essential fatty acids on the glomerular hypercellularity occurring in the course of nephrotoxic serum nephritis in rats. | an accelerated model of nephrotoxic serum nephritis (ntn) was induced in two groups of sprague-dawley rats on the following regimens: (a) a diet deficient in essential fatty acids that contained 20% coconut oil (rats a); (b) a diet supplemented with essential fatty acids that contained 20% safflower oil (rats b). animals from both groups developed a severe proteinuria reaching its maximum 4 days after the injection of nephrotoxic serum (nts). kidney tissue was studied by light and immunofluoresc ... | 1982 | 6956773 |
| some studies on the composition and surface properties of oil bodies from the seed cotyledons of safflower (carthamus tinctorius) and linseed (linum ustatissimum). | 1. the average oil-body diameter in intact cells of developing linseed (linum usitatissimum) and safflower (carthamus tinctorius) cotyledons was similar (about 1.4 micrometer), and there was little change in size after oil bodies were isolated and repeatedly washed. 2. the glycerolipid composition of washed oil bodies from both developing and mature cotyledons of the two species was similar; oil bodies from ten different batches of cotyledons contained 4.3 +/- 0.16 mumol of 3-sn-phosphatidylchol ... | 1980 | 7008782 |
| effect of polyunsaturate-rich vegetable oils on blood pressure in essential hypertension. | a group of essential hypertensives were treated for a period of six weeks with groundnut oil or safflower oil compared with a control group who were given a placebo medication. a significant drop in diastolic pressure occurred in the groups receiving the polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa) preparation. in another group of eight patients, who were already receiving traditional antihypertensive therapy, supplementation with pufa rich oil resulted in a significant reduction in blood pressure. further ... | 1981 | 7009103 |
| effects of dietary trans-fat on biliary and fecal steroid excretion and serum lipoproteins in rats. | rats were fed cholesterol-free or cholesterol-enriched diets containing olive oil or partially hydrogenated corn oil at the 10% level for ca. 30 days (c-18:1, 77.0% in the former diet and c-18:1,24.7% and t-18:1,42.5% in the latter). the linoleic acid content of these fat diets was made equivalent (1.7 energy %). after feeding cholesterol-free diets, trans fat compared to cis fat showed (a) no untoward effects on growth parameters, (b) a reduction of serum cholesterol levels without influencing ... | 1983 | 6877041 |
| interrelationship between dietary trans fatty acids and the 6- and 9-desaturases in the rat. | studies are reported on the effects of dietary trans fatty acids on the 6- and 9-acyl desaturase activities in the liver microsomes of rats fed essential fatty acid (efa)-deficient and non-efa-deficient diets. in experiment i, weanling male rats were fed a semisynthetic diet with either 10% safflower oil (saf) or 10% hydrogenated coconut oil (hco). at the age of one year, half of the dietary fat was replaced by a supplement containing elaidate, linolelaidate and cis, trans-trans,cis-18:2 (trans) ... | 1982 | 7087680 |
| dietary factors affecting experimental models of nutritional encephalomalacia. | various factors affecting the experimental development of nutritional encephalomalacia (ne) were studied in young chicks. the effects of these factors were evaluated by calculation of the age at which one-half were affected (t1/2). the incidence of ataxia and mortality and statistical analysis of the intensity of the disease were also calculated. no differences were found among the safflower oil samples oxidized for periods ranging from 12 to 48 hr in their potency to induce ne, while oil oxidiz ... | 1982 | 7088786 |
| purification and characterization of the stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase and the acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase from maturing seeds of safflower. | two enzymes involved in oleic acid biosynthesis have been purified from immature safflower seed. the stearoyl-acyl carrier protein (acp) desaturase which catalyzes the formation of the double bond of oleate has been purified 200-fold and is a dimer with a molecular weight of 68,000. the enzyme shows strong preference for stearoyl-acp as substrate; by comparison of its activity with stearoyl-coa and palmitoyl-acp as substrates, it appears that the acp moiety is primarily important for binding of ... | 1982 | 7118934 |
| maternal dietary fat and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the developing foetal rat brain. | female rats were fed purified diets containing 10% safflower oil, which is high in linoleic acid, from approximately 2 weeks prior to mating until the 14th day of gestation. they were then fed purified diets containing safflower oil, soybean oil (containing linoleic and linolenic acids), or hydrogenated coconut oil (essential fatty acid deficient). on days 16, 18, and 21 of gestation, foetuses were removed by caesarean section and the brains were subjected to fatty acid analysis. by day 16 of ge ... | 1982 | 7119787 |
| effects of beta-sitosterol on the concentrations of serum and liver cholesterol and serum apolipoproteins in rats fed butter fat. | male rats were fed on semipurified cholesterol-free diets containing butter fat with or without supplementary beta-sitosterol. the expected rise of serum cholesterol caused by butter fat, as compared with safflower oil, was not able to be demonstrated, and hence the hypocholesterolemic effect of beta-sitosterol as well. however, the plant sterol effectively lowered the liver cholesterol level. similar responses were also observed in mice. the distribution of cholesterol in serum lipoproteins rem ... | 1982 | 7119904 |
| the effect of saturation, chain length of pure triglycerides, and age of bird on the utilization of rye diets. | four experiments were conducted with growing chicks to study the effects on performance and fat absorption of feeding rye and wheat diets supplemented with fats of different chain length and degree of saturation. in experiment 1 it was shown that there was a much greater decrease in feed intake and fat absorption when tallow replaced safflower oil in the diets of chicks fed rye as compared to those fed wheat-based diets. experiment 2 established the effects on chick performance of supplementing ... | 1983 | 6878135 |
| effect of dietary fat saturation, cholesterol and cholestyramine on acyl-coa: cholesterol acyltransferase activity in rabbit intestinal microsomes. | the regulation of intestinal acyl-coa: cholesterol acyltransferase was investigated by dietary manipulation. rabbits were fed the following diets: normal rabbit chow, 10% safflower oil, safflower oil plus 1% cholesterol, coconut oil plus 1% cholesterol, or cholestyramine. acyl-coa: cholesterol acyltransferase activity was increased in intestinal microsomes from animals fed safflower oil but not from animals fed coconut oil. both diets containing cholesterol increased acyl-coa: cholesterol acyltr ... | 1982 | 7126624 |
| effect of eicosatetraynoic acid on liver and plasma lipids. | groups of rats were fed a fat-free diet supplemented with 0.5% safflower oil (control) or the control diet containing 0.5% of 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (tya). blood was collected weekly and plasma lipids analyzed. after 4 weeks, the animals were killed and the liver lipids were analyzed in detail. the acetylenic fatty acid perturbed plasma neutral lipid and phospholipid class concentrations and reduced growth rates. liver triglyceride concentrations were reduced dramatically in the tya fed ... | 1982 | 7154866 |
| oral lecithin and linoleic acid in friedreich's ataxia: iii. biochemical results. | lecithin and safflower oil brought about the same changes in serum lad activity and kinetics in patients with friedreich's ataxia as in controls when results of this double-blind crossover study were analyzed according to group assignation. according to functional stages, pretrial lad activity decreased with advancing severity while km for lipoamide increased. lecithin and safflower oil supplements corrected the elevated km for lipoamide but produced a further reduction in lad activity. these ch ... | 1982 | 6896672 |
| linoleic acid absorption in children with cystic fibrosis. | when safflower oil (triglyceride) was consumed without pancreatic enzymes by children with cystic fibrosis (cf), there was no rise in mean plasma linoleic acid levels over the next 4 h. when linoleic acid monoglyceride (lam) was consumed, the increase in plasma linoleic acid levels was significantly greater than for safflower oil at 2 (p less than 0.02), 3 (p less than 0.01), and 4 h (p less than 0.01). when free fatty acid (hydrolyzed safflower oil) was ingested, there was almost no increase in ... | 1982 | 7186027 |
| measurement of hepatic sterol synthesis in the mongolian gerbil in vivo using [3h]water: diurnal variation and effect of type of dietary fat. | the hepatic synthesis of sterol was measured in the male mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) in vivo following the administration of [3h]water by monitoring the incorporation of radioactivity into digitonin-precipitable sterol. a diurnal rhythm in cholesterol synthesis was exhibited under conditions of ad libitum feeding with alternating 12-hour periods of light (0200 to 1400 hr) and dark (1400 to 0200 hr). the zenith was reached between 1500 and 2100 hr and the nadir approximately 10-12 ho ... | 1981 | 7197290 |
| effects of dietary trans acids on the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid in rat liver microsomes. | effects of dietary trans acids on the interconversion of linoleic acid was studied using the liver microsomal fraction of rats fed a semipurified diet containing fat supplements of safflower oil (saff), hydrogenated coconut oil (hco) at 5 and 20 at and 20% levels or a 5% level of a supplement containing 50.3% linolelaidic and 24.3% elaidic acids devoid of cis,cis-linoleic acid (trans). growth rate was suppressed to greater extent with the animals fed the 20% than the 5% level of the hco-suppleme ... | 1980 | 7219072 |
| influence of dietary unsaturated and saturated fat on the plasma lipoproteins of mongolian gerbils. | lipid and apoprotein moieties of the plasma lipoproteins of mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) were compared in animals fed semipurified diets containing either coconut oil (coc) or safflower oil (saf). coc-induced hypercholesterolemia was associated with elevations in very low density lipoprotein (vldl), low density lipoprotein (ldl) and high density lipoprotein (hdl). saturated fat feeding also resulted in th saturation of fatty acids of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters of vldl and ... | 1981 | 7225175 |
| effect of some dietary additions to either an arginine-devoid diet or a diet supplemented with orotic acid refed after starvation on liver lipid content during essential fatty acid deficiency in rats. | refeeding either an arginine-devoid diet or a 14% casein diet supplemented with 1% orotic acid for 7 days to starved rats caused an increase in liver lipid content which was prevented by the addition of adenine, allopurinol and safflower oil, but not guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil. when rats were refed the arginine-devoid diet unsupplemented or supplemented with guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil, their serum triglyceride and cholesterol decreased or tended to decrease as compared with ... | 1981 | 7229738 |
| oral lecithin and linoleic acid in friedreich's ataxia: ii. clinical results. | twenty-two patients with friedreich's ataxia and ten normal controls were followed for one year and assessed as to their clinical performance after two successive six-month periods of lecithin or safflower oil. results demonstrated no significant difference in performance scores according to group assignation, neither in patients nor in controls. according to stages, two patients in stage i and to a lesser degree, one patient in stage iv showed better scores for muscle strength and some motor ac ... | 1982 | 7049341 |
| effect of changing dietary fat saturation on low-density lipoprotein metabolism in man. | the mechanism of change in low-density lipoprotein (ldl) levels by diets differing in fat saturation have been studied. turnover of 125i-ldl was measured in eight subjects with type ii hyperlipoproteinemia and in seven normal control subjects during two dietary periods containing 40% of calories as either safflower oil (polyunsaturated fat, psf) or as lard (saturated fat, sf). higher levels of ldl apoprotein and ldl-cholesterol were observed in both groups on saturated fat. subjects with elevate ... | 1981 | 7246768 |
| [studies of the effects of cis, cis and trans, trans-octadecadienoic acids on lipid metabolism in essential fatty acid deficient rats (author's transl)]. | the effect of an essential fatty acid [efa] deficiency in male sprague-dawley rats and its excerbation by inclusion of trans fatty acids in the diet were observed from the level and composition of serum lipoproteins. male sprague-dawley rats were fed from weaning diet containing all essential nutrients and 10% of a fat supplement as safflower oil (saff] or hydrogenated coconut oil [hco] for 28 weeks. at the end of 28 weeks, the blood was withdrawn from the retro-ocular plexes of 4 animals of eac ... | 1981 | 7262821 |
| promotion by unsaturated fat of azaserine-induced pancreatic carcinogenesis in the rat. | diet has been shown to modulate the incidence of a wide variety of chemically induced cancers in animals. various diets fed either during the initiation stage or the postinitiation (promotion) stage of carcinogenesis were evaluated for their ability to modulate the incidence of pancreatic cancer. male wistar/lewis rats were treated with multiple injections of the pancreatic carcinogen, azaserine, during a 6- to 7-week-long initiation phase and were autopsied after a postinitiation phase of 34 or ... | 1981 | 7285004 |
| elevated cholesterol and bile acid synthesis in an adult patient with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. reduction by a high glucose diet. | elevated levels of cholesterol synthesis are reported for several young children with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (hfh) and are considered to contribute directly to their hypercholesterolemia. in contrast, increased cholesterol production has not previously been found in adult patients with hfh. using the fecal steroid balance technique, we studied rates of cholesterol and bile acid synthesis in a 24-yr-old man who had severe hypercholesterolemia typical of hfh and who lacked skin f ... | 1981 | 7298845 |
| comparative studies of adaptive responses of fatty acid synthetase activities in rat liver and adipose tissue. | the specific activities of the fatty acid synthetases in the cytosolic fraction of livers and epididymal fat pads from fed, fasted or refed rats were determined. refed rats received diets which provided, as the primary energy sources, sucrose or starch (75%) or both (59%) with beef tallow or safflower oil (16%) or the monosaccharide components (75%). from these determinations of fatty acid synthetase activity, the relative contribution of each tissue to the rat's overall lipogenic capacity was e ... | 1981 | 7299496 |
| desaturation of endogenous and exogenous palmitate in lung tissue in vitro. | lung slices from rats fed a fat-free diet supplemented with safflower oil (control) or tripalmitoylglycerol (essential fatty acid [efa]-deficient) were incubated with [14c]acetate, [14c]palmitate, or [14c]stearate. of the 14c recovered in phospholipids after incubation with [14c]acetate, more than 87% was in 16-carbon fatty acids. desaturation, as assayed by the percentage of radioactivity in monoenoates in phospholipid fatty acids, was generally double in efa-deficient slices compared to contro ... | 1981 | 7300595 |
| effects of lecithin ingestion on plasma and lymph lipoproteins of normo- and hyperlipemic rats. | rats were fed low- or high-cholesterol diets in which all fatty acids were derived from either polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine (pc) or safflower oil (so) for 15 days. in hypercholesterolemic rats, plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol esters were increased by dietary pc compared with so. in normolipemic rats, pc administered either in the diet or by short-term, maximal-rate intraduodenal infusion had no effect on aortic or portal plasma lipoprotein lipids or on mesenteric lymph and pla ... | 1981 | 7304754 |
| dietary regulation of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa reductase and cholesterol synthetic activities in fasted-refed rats. | effects of dietary cholesterol, beta-sitosterol and cholestyramine on hepatic hmg-coa reductase activity and sterogenesis were examined in male rats refed different types and amounts of fats for 3 days after fasting 2 days. safflower oil (10%) decreased reductase and sterogenic activities more than saturated fat or low fat. reductase activity and sterogenesis decreased as dietary cholesterol increased; this was not influenced by the type of dietary fat. although cholesterol as low as 0.01% depre ... | 1980 | 7354379 |
| myo-inositol deficiency in gerbils: changes in phospholipid composition of intestinal microsomes. | phospholipid composition and fatty acid pattern in major phospholipid classes of intestinal microsomes were determined in female mongolian gerbils under various dietary conditions. the intestinal microsomal phosphatidylinositol level was decreased to 53, 43 and 77% of the control by the feeding of the myo-inositol-deficient diet containing high carbohydrate-low fat, high coconut oil or high safflower oil, respectively. under these conditions, the intestinal lipid level was increased to 24 and 12 ... | 1980 | 7381591 |
| linoleic acid in the treatment of lithium toxicity and familial tremor. | lithium inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin (pg) ei by blocking the mobilisation of dihomogammalinolenic acid (dgla). toxicity due to lithium might re related to reduced pgei formation. in five patients who developed toxic effects on low doses of lithium, linoleic acid in the forms of the safflower oil was given in an attempt to raise levels of the linoleic acid metabolite, dgla. in al five patients the safflower oil was effective in remitting the symptoms of neurotoxicity. safflower oil was ... | 1980 | 7394066 |
| studies on plasma lipoproteins during absorption of exogenous lecithin in man. | human subjects were infused intraduodenally with either lecithin (150 mg/kg/hr) or safflower oil (100 mg/kg/hr)of similar fatty acid composition, and plasma lipoproteins were studied when constant plasma lipid levels were reached. both types of fat induced increases of lipoproteins of sf > 400 (chylomicrons) and sf 20--400 (vldl). lecithin infusions produced increases predominantly in vldl, whereas infusion of safflower oil induced mainly chylomicrons. chylomicrons derived from lecithin were gen ... | 1980 | 7400685 |
| on the mechanism of regulation of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase and of acyl coenzyme a:cholesterol acyltransferase by dietary fat. | the activity and the kinetic properties of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coa reductase and of acyl-coa:cholesterol acyltransferase in the liver microsomal fraction have been compared between rats fed on either unsaturated or on saturated fat. when rats wre fed for 12h on a compounded diet containing either safflower seed oil or tristearin the composition of the fatty acyl chains of the microsomal phospholipids was shown to be relatively more unsaturated in the rats that received the unsaturated fat. the ... | 1980 | 7407210 |
| nutritional effects on blood lipid and hdl cholesterol concentrations in two subspecies of african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). | the african green monkey has previously been found to be a promising model for the study of atherosclerosis. we have compared the plasma and hdl cholesterol response to dietary manipulation in the two subspecies of african green monkeys (vervets and grivets) most often imported for biomedical research purposes. twenty vervets and 20 grivets were fed, in succession, diets containing safflower oil, butter, or lard as the principal dietary fat at a level of 40% of calories. ten animals of each subs ... | 1981 | 7240958 |
| effects of the type of dietary fat at two levels of vitamin e in wistar male rats during development and aging. i. life span, serum biochemical parameters and pathological changes. | this experiment was designed to study in rats the implications of the dietary type of fat at two levels of vitamin e on the life span as well as on several biochemical and anatomopathological age-related changes. for this purpose, six different isoenergetic diets containing 15% coconut oil (sfd), safflower oil (ufd) or a combination of both (cfd) with 2 or 200 mg% of dl-alpha-tocopherol were offered ad libitum to outbred wistar male rats from weaning to senescence. the results indicated that up ... | 1980 | 7412419 |
| susceptibility of chicks to nutritional encephalopathy: effect of fat and alpha-tocopherol content of the breeder diet. | chicks hatched from eggs containing 16.5% linoleic acid of total yolk fatty acids (eggs laid by hens fed soybean oil in their diet) were more susceptible to nutritional encephalopathy induced by alpha-tocopherol-deficient diet containing thermally oxidized safflower oil than chicks hatched from eggs containing 7.5% linoleic acid (eggs laid by hen fed tallow). supplementation of the diets of breeders hens with alpha-tocopheryl acetate significantly increased yolk alpha-tocopherol levels with both ... | 1980 | 7413555 |
| influence of dietary oil, cholesterol, and soysterols on the fecal neutral and acidic steroid excretion in laying hens. | the influence of dietary lipid factors (saturated and unsaturated oil, cholesterol, and plant sterols) upon the fecal neutral and acidic sterol excretion in the laying hen were investigated during a nine-week experimental period. single comb white leghorn laying hens at thirty weeks of age were fed two basal diets containing 8.0% hydrogenated coconut oil or safflower oil, with or without supplementing 1.0% cholesterol, 2.0% soysterols, or combination of cholesterol and soysterols with each oil t ... | 1980 | 7413561 |
| effect of feeding protected lipids on fatty acid synthesis in ovine tissues. | the effects of including protected lipid supplements in the sheep diet have been studied by measuring the incorporation of [1-14c]acetate into tissue fatty acids in vivo and in vitro. supplementing the diet with protected lipid significantly (p > 0.05) depressed lipogenesis in adipose tissue both in vovo and in vitro. however, when protected lipids of different fatty acid composition were given to lambs, the protected safflower oil supplement containing high levels of linoleic acid was the only ... | 1980 | 7421419 |
| influence of dietary fats and an oral contraceptive on plasma lipids, high density lipoproteins, gallstones, and atherosclerosis in african green monkeys. | twenty-nine african green monkeys were fed diets for 22 months containing 0.79 mg cholesterol/kcal and 40% of calories as either safflower oil or butter with or without the addition of an estrogen- and progestin-containing oral contraceptive. plasma cholesterol concentrations ranged from 199 to 250 mg/dl. animals consuming the safflower oil diet had plasma cholesterol concentrations that averaged 61 mg/dl lower than those consuming butter. at least 72% of this lowering was due to a reduction in ... | 1980 | 7426079 |
| effect of dietary unsaturated oils on the biosynthesis of cholesterol, and on biliary and fecal excretion of cholesterol and bile acids in rats. | the aim of the present work was to investigate whether the hypocholesterolemic effect of polyunsaturated oils is due to inhibition of cholesterol synthesis or increased excretion of cholesterol and bile acids through the bile and feces of animals. separate groups of rats were fed diets containing 10% safflower oil, coconut oil or hydrogenated vegetable oils for 30 days, after which the hepatic cholesterol and bile acid synthesis and their excretion through the bile and feces were studied. as com ... | 1980 | 7431117 |
| the procaryotic nature of the fatty acid synthetase of developing carthamus tinctorius l. (safflower) seeds. | | 1982 | 7125663 |
| effect of dietary protein and hypervitaminosis a or c on tissue peroxidation and erythrocyte lysis of vitamin e deficiency. | rats were maintained on a vitamin e free diet containing 20% safflower oil for a period of 12 weeks at two dietary protein levels, 20% and 10% casein. enhanced in vitro tissue lipid peroxidation and lysis of erythrocytes were noticed at both the protein levels. a reduction in body mass and tissue weights were observed in both the protein groups but more so at 20% protein level. feeding of retinyl palmitate (100 000 iu/100 g body weight) for 4 consecutive days to -e rats inhibited liver and kidne ... | 1982 | 7160964 |
| gas-liquid chromatographic determination of s-[(5-methoxy-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3(2h)-yl)-methyl]o,o-dimethyl phosphorodithioate (supracide) and its monoxone metabolite in safflower seed, meal, and oil. | a gas-liquid chromatographic (glc) method for determining residues of the inseticide-acaricide supracide (s-[5-methoxy-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3(2h)-yl)-methyl]o,o-dimethyl phosphorodithioate) and its monoxone metabolite in safflower seed, meal, and oil is presented. supracide and its monoxone metabolite are separated by partitioning with acetonitrile-sodium sulfate and petroleum ether. the petroleum ether fraction containing the supracide is extracted with acetonitrile and further cleaned up on ... | 1980 | 7410302 |
| effect of dietary lipids on composition and glucose utilization by rat adipose tissue. | feeding rats diets rich in either safflower oil or coconut oil resulted in a significant change in the lipid composition of epididymal fat pads as compared with those obtained from rats fed a commercial stock diet. a safflower oil diet resulted in an increase in tissue cholesterol and a decrease in phospholipid concentration as compared with the stock diet. a coconut oil diet resulted in a decrease in both tissue cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations as compared with the stock diet. adipos ... | 1981 | 7452373 |
| effect of cholesterol supplementation of diets of thyroidectomized dogs on the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte phospholipids and plasma phosphatidylcholine. | thyroidectomized foxhounds were fed: (a) a control diet, (b) the control diet supplemented with 15% beef tallow or cottonseed oil, with or without added cholesterol, or (c) the control diet supplemented with beef tallow (15%), safflower oil (1.5%) and cholesterol. after 23 weeks on the diet, the content of the individual phospholipids of the erythrocytes was not altered appreciably. however, supplementing either the saturated (beef tallow) or polyunsaturated (cottonseed oil) diets with cholester ... | 1980 | 7459375 |
| nutritional modulation of guinea pig skin hyperproliferation by essential fatty acid deficiency is associated with selective down regulation of protein kinase c-beta. | in a previous study we demonstrated that 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-hode), a 15-lipoxygenase metabolite of linoleic acid is incorporated into epidermal phosphatidyl 4,5-bisphosphate (ptdins 4,5-p2) and released as 13-hode-containing-diacylglycerol (13-hode-dag). in vitro, 13-hode-dag was shown to selectively inhibit epidermal total protein kinase c (pkc-beta) activity. to determine whether these observations are relevant in vivo, guinea pigs were made essential fatty acid deficient (efad ... | 1995 | 7472653 |
| effects of chemical sympathectomy on lipoprotein lipase activities in peripheral tissues of rats fed high fat diets consisting of different fats. | we have previously reported that the feeding of a beef tallow diet gives lower lipoprotein lipase activities in the interscapuler brown adipose tissue, heart and soleus muscle compared with feeding of a safflower oil diet. we have also suggested that sympathetic activities (norepinephrine turnover rates and beta-adrenergic receptor bindings) in these peripheral tissues were lower in the beef tallow diet group. to confirm the effects of dietary fats on the lipoprotein lipase activities in these t ... | 1995 | 7472681 |
| beef tallow diet decreases beta-adrenergic receptor binding and lipolytic activities in different adipose tissues of rat. | the effects of dietary fats consisting of different fatty acids on lipolytic activity and body fat accumulation were studied in rats. sprague-dawley male rats were meal-fed an isoenergetic diet based on either beef tallow or safflower oil for 8 weeks. lipolytic activities in epididymal and subcutaneous adipose tissues were lower in the beef tallow diet group than in the safflower oil diet group. body fat accumulation was greater in rats fed the beef tallow diet versus the safflower oil diet. nor ... | 1995 | 7476283 |
| beef tallow diet decreases norepinephrine turnover rates in rat hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. | the effects of dietary fats consisting of different fatty acids on norepinephrine (ne) turnover rates in various brain regions were studied in rats. sprague-dawley male rats were meal-fed isoenergetic diets based on safflower oil or beef tallow for 8 weeks. body weight gain during the experimental period did not differ between the two groups of rats. the weights of brain regions were also similar in the two diet groups. basal ne contents and turnover rates in the hypothalamus and cortex were sig ... | 1995 | 7476320 |
| alteration of the fiber and lipid components of a defined-formula diet: effects on stool characteristics, nutrient digestibility, mineral balance, and energy metabolism in humans. | eighteen healthy males with a body weight of 70.0 +/- 3.1 kg consumed three defined-formula diets that varied only in their fiber and/or lipid components: 1) 6.4% fiber (100% soy polysaccharides) and 13.1% lipid [50% medium-chain triacylglycerols (mcts), 40% corn oil, and 10% soy oil]; 2) 3.4% fiber (75% oat fiber, 17.5% gum arabic, and 7.5% carboxymethylcellulose) and 15.6% lipid (20% mcts, 50% canola oil, and 30% high oleic acid safflower oil); and 3) 4.4% fiber (same as diet 2) and 14.5% lipi ... | 1995 | 7491889 |
| effect of a high alpha-linolenate and high linoleate diet on membrane-associated enzyme activities in rat brain--modulation of na+, k+- atpase activity at suboptimal concentrations of atp. | semi-purified diets supplemented with either a high alpha-linolenate (n - 3) (perilla) oil or a high linoleate (n - 6) (safflower) oil were fed to rats through two generations. rats fed safflower oil showed a decrease in docosahexaenoic acid (n - 3) and a compensatory increase in docosapentaenoic acid (n - 6) in all the brain regions and organelles examined, when compared with rats fed perilla oil. as reported previously, the safflower oil-fed rats exhibited inferior learning ability compared wi ... | 1995 | 7492979 |
| nutrition and allorejection impact of lipids. | polyene n-3 and n-6 fatty acids are claimed to have immunomodulating properties. the impact of nutritional variations on transplant rejection was therefore studied in the heterotopic rat heart allotransplant model with particular focus on lipids. twenty per cent fat emulsions with differing n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratios were continuously infused (9 g fat per kg bodyweight per day; n = 10 in each group) after transplantation until rejection: safflower oil (n-3/n-6 = 1/370), fish oil (7.6/1), soybean ... | 1995 | 7551981 |
| effects of dietary alpha- and gamma-linolenic acids on liver fatty acids, lipid metabolism, and survival in sepsis. | the effects of dietary treatment for 3 weeks with soybean oil, linseed- and safflower oil (high alpha-linolenic acid, ala), or borage oil (high gamma-linolenic acid, gla) on the liver fatty acid profile and lipid metabolism in fed rats, in normal fasted rats, and septic fasted rats, and on survival from sepsis, were studied. the results were the following: 1) dietary ala increased incorporation of alpha-linolenic (18:3w3), eicosapentaenoic (20:5w3), and docosapentaenoic (22:5w3) acids in neutral ... | 1995 | 7552772 |
| regulation of rat liver apolipoprotein a-i, apolipoprotein a-ii and acyl-coenzyme a oxidase gene expression by fibrates and dietary fatty acids. | the regulation by fibrates and dietary fatty acids of the hepatic gene expression of apolipoproteins (apo) a-i and a-ii, the major protein constituents of high-density lipoproteins, as well as of acyl-coa oxidase, the rate-limiting enzyme of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway, was studied in vivo in the rat and in vitro in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. in primary hepatocytes, different fibrates decreased apo a-i and increased acyl-coa oxidase mrna levels, whereas apo a-ii mrna only de ... | 1995 | 7556148 |
| fatty acid desaturation in lung: inhibition by unsaturated fatty acids. | the activity of the enzyme system involved in desaturation of palmitic and stearic acid has been examined in lungs of rats fed fat-free diets supplemented either with 4% safflower oil (controls) or 4% tripalmitin (essential fatty acid (efa) deficient) both in vivo and in vitro in lung slices. desaturation, as measured by appearance of 14c-labeled monounsaturated fatty acid in pulmonary total lipid and phospholipids, was significantly greater in vivo and in vitro in lung tissue from efa-deficient ... | 1980 | 7441058 |
| lysosomal acid phosphatase decrease in nutritional encephalopathy in chicks. | encephalopathy was induced in 14-day-old chicks by a vitamin e-deficient diet containing 15% thermally oxidized safflower oil. bound acid phosphatase activity in the cerebellum was markedly lower in affected chicks than in vitamin e-supplied control chicks. free activity also tended to be lower in the deficient group. there were no differences in enzyme activities of cerebrum and liver between deficient and control chicks. | 1980 | 7443096 |
| effects of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched diets on lipid metabolism in periportal and pericentral compartments of female rat liver lobules and the consequences for cell proliferation after partial hepatectomy. | the effects of a low fat diet or diets enriched with either n-6 or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (safflower or fish oil, respectively) on lipid metabolism in periportal and pericentral zones of female rat liver lobules were investigated in relation with cell proliferation after partial hepatectomy. it was found that cell proliferation was localized almost exclusively in periportal and midzonal areas and was significantly reduced by 60% after a fish oil diet only. the fish oil diet caused a str ... | 1995 | 7595092 |
| effects of coconut oil, butter, and safflower oil on lipids and lipoproteins in persons with moderately elevated cholesterol levels. | the physiological effects of coconut oil, butter, and safflower oil on lipids and lipoproteins have been compared in moderately hypercholesterolemic individuals. twenty eight participants (13 men, 15 women) followed three 6-week experimental diets of similar macronutrient distribution with the different test fats providing 50% total dietary fat. total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher (p < 0.001) on the diet containing butter [6.8 +/- 0.9, 4.5 +/- 0.8 ... | 1995 | 7595099 |
| essential fatty acid status in cystic fibrosis and the effects of safflower oil supplementation. | the fatty acid compositions of serum phospholipids, cholesteryl esters, triglycerides, and free fatty acids were determined on a group of cystic fibrosis patients. these were compared with similar data from random hospitalized patients of the same age groups of both sexes. fatty acid patterns in all lipid classes were skewed in the direction of essential fatty acid deficiency, but the differences were most dramatic in phospholipids. many calculated parameters useful as indices of essential fatty ... | 1981 | 7446449 |
| the effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) on acute rejection and cardiac allograft blood flow in rats. | for six weeks, recipient (lewis rt11) and donor rats (lbnf11/n) were fed three diets that varied only in their lipid content. diet a (mo) contained 19.5% menhaden oil and 0.5% safflower oil and was rich in omega 3 pufa; diet b (so) was 20% safflower oil rich in omega 6 pufa; and diet c (bt) was 20% beef tallow rich in omega 9 monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fat. in the first set of graft survival studies a group fed laboratory chow was included (chow). heterotopic cardiac transplantati ... | 1995 | 7570953 |
| dietary fatty acids, membrane transport, and oxidative sensitivity in human erythrocytes. | this study examined effects of dietary n-3 fatty acids on age-related changes in erythrocyte anion transport and susceptibility to oxidation. blood was drawn from healthy adult volunteers before and after six weeks' supplementation (nine/group) with 4.0 g/day of safflower oil (containing 2.9 g n-6 fatty acids) or fish oil (containing 1.2 g long-chain n-3 fatty acids). following density separation of young and old erythrocytes, membrane anion transport and cell membrane lipid composition were mea ... | 1995 | 7564921 |
| dietary fats rich in saturated fatty acids (12:0, 14:0, and 16:0) enhance gallstone formation relative to monounsaturated fat (18:1) in cholesterol-fed hamsters. | to test the possibility that dietary palmitic acid (16:0) may be lithogenic, different fats were blended to exchange 18:1 in olive oil with either 16:0 in palm stearin, 12:0 + 14:0 in coconut oil, or 14:0 + 16:0 in butterfat. dietary 18:2 was held constant at 1.2% energy (en) (with extra safflower oil as needed) in these four purified diets containing low fat (11% of total energy) and 0.4% cholesterol. a fifth, high-fat diet provided 40% of the total energy as the 16:0-rich blend. all hamsters f ... | 1995 | 7637561 |
| dietary manipulation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the retina and brain of guinea pigs. | high levels of n-6 docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-6) have been reported in the retina of guinea pigs fed commercially-prepared gain-based rations (commercial diet). in rats and monkeys, high levels of 22:5n-6 are an indicator of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa) deficiency. we have examined the fatty acid composition of the retina and brain in guinea pigs fed a commercial diet or one of three semi-purified diets containing three different levels of n-3 pufa. the diets comprised a diet deficien ... | 1995 | 7637569 |
| sympathetic activity is lower in rats fed a beef tallow diet than in rats fed a safflower oil diet. | effects of dietary fats consisting of different fatty acids on sympathetic activity and body fat accumulation were studied in rats. rats were meal-fed an isoenergetic diet based on either beef tallow or safflower oil for 8 weeks. carcass fat content was greater (p < .05) in rats fed the beef tallow diet than in rats fed the safflower oil diet. norepinephrine (ne) turnover rate was significantly lower (p < .05) in interscapular brown adipose tissue (ibat) and pancreas in rats fed the beef tallow ... | 1995 | 7616854 |
| alpha-linolenic acid in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. a double-blind, placebo-controlled and randomized study: flaxseed vs. safflower seed. | in rheumatoid arthritis various pro-inflammatory metabolites of arachidonic acid (aa), such as leukotriene b4 (ltb4) and prostaglandin e2 (pge2), contribute to tissue destruction and pain. in contrast to aa, which is an omega-6 fatty acid, the omega-3 fatty acids, after having been liberated from the cell membrane phospholipids, are further converted into the non- or anti-inflammatory eicosanoids ltb5 and pgi3. aa concentration is an important regulatory step in the synthesis of both prostanoids ... | 1995 | 7597378 |
| low density lipoprotein binding to monolayer cultures of hepatocytes isolated from hamsters fed different dietary fatty acids. | (i) the aim of these studies was to investigate the effect of dietary cholesterol and dietary fat on the expression of the hepatic low density lipoprotein (ldl) receptor. (ii) low density lipoprotein (ldl) binding to monolayer cultures of hepatocytes isolated from hamsters fed different amounts of cholesterol and fats was measured. (iii) hepatocytes isolated from hamsters fed a low cholesterol diet (< 0.008% w/w) specifically bound ldl and this binding increased with time in culture. by comparis ... | 1995 | 7654782 |
| dietary fat alters the distribution of cholesterol between vesicles and micelles in hamster bile. | the type of dietary fat strongly affects the incidence of gallstones in the hamster model of cholesterol cholelithiasis. the present study was designed to determine whether dietary fats could affect gallstone formation by altering the microstructure (vesicular/micellar ratio) of cholesterol in bile. golden syrian hamsters from sasco (omaha, ne) or charles river (wilmington, ma) were fed nutritionally adequate semipurified diets to which were added: (i) 4.0% butterfat without added cholesterol; ( ... | 1995 | 7609596 |
| effects of dietary lipid manipulation upon graft vs host and host vs graft responses in the rat. | the popliteal lymph node (pln) assay was used to establish whether dietary lipids with differing fatty acid compositions could affect cell-mediated immunity in the rat. weanling rats were fed for 4 weeks on a lowfat (2.5% by weight; lf) diet or on diets containing 20% (by weight) hydrogenated coconut oil (hco), olive oil (oo), safflower oil (so), evening primrose oil (epo), or menhaden (fish) oil (mo). feeding the mo diet suppressed the graft vs host response compared with feeding the lf, hco, s ... | 1995 | 7656333 |
| [stimulating action of carthamus tinctorius l., angelica sinensis (oliv.) diels and leonurus sibiricus l. on the uterus]. | the experimental results indicate that the decoction of chinese drugs carthamus tinctorius, angelica sinensis and leonurus sibiricus has stimulating action on the uterus of mouse in vitro. the stimulating action of carthamus tinctorius and leomurus sibiricus has been found related to stimulating h1-receptor and alpha-adrenergic receptor of uterus, but the action of angelica sinensis to stimulating h1-receptor of uterus only. | 1995 | 7646782 |
| [study on economic npk(nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium)-requirements for medicinal safflower]. | a design of second order orthogonal rotative regression was developed and field tested, and a model for obtaining 18kg/mu dry flower yield was simulated and built according to several better combinations based on the model of total safflower dry flower yield. the optimal npk-requirements for obtaining the above 18kg/mu dry flower yield are n:6-6.5kg/mu, p2o5:10.0-11.0kg/mu, k2o:6.9-10.0kg/mu. these requirements may be adjusted rationally according to soil fertility, manure sources, and so on. | 1995 | 7646774 |
| preparation of radioactively labeled synthetic sn-1,2-diacylglycerols for studies of lipid metabolism. | a method was developed for the synthesis of stereo-specific sn-1,2-diacylglycerols radioactively labeled on the glycerol backbone. this method includes the acylation of l-[u-14c]glycerol 3-phosphate with fatty acid anhydrides in the presence of dimethylaminopyridine and the tetraethylammonium salt of the fatty acid used for the acylation. the phosphatidic acid obtained from this synthesis was converted to sn-1,2-diacyl[u-14c]glycerol by the action of phospholipase c. when di10:0-, di-18:1-, di-1 ... | 1995 | 7710117 |
| dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance influences learning and memory in the senescence-accelerated mouse (sam). | the senescence-accelerated mouse (samp8) is a model of age-related deterioration of memory and learning ability. a semipurified diet supplemented either with safflower oil (rich in linoleate) or with perilla oil (rich in alpha-linolenate) was fed to samp8 mouse dams and their pups. the offspring (males from several mothers) at 28 weeks of age were used for behavioral tests. the proportions of n-3 and n-6 highly unsaturated fatty acids in brain phospholipids reflected the n-3/n-6 balance of the d ... | 1995 | 7712178 |
| [effect of xiaoyu pian on new platelet aggregation defect]. | the xiaoyu pian (xyp, mainly consisted of prunus persica, carthamus tinctorius, glycyrrhiza uralensis, etc) was used to treat patients with new platelet aggregation defect. patients were divided into 2 groups, the tcm group (72 cases) treated with xyp and the control group (65 cases) treated with vitamin c and p and/or adrenosem for at least 3 months. the results showed that marked effective rate was 87.5% in tcm group and 35.4% in control group (chi 2 = 39.7, p < 0.01); the recovery rate of pla ... | 1994 | 7719089 |
| diet-induced thermogenesis is lower in rats fed a lard diet than in those fed a high oleic acid safflower oil diet, a safflower oil diet or a linseed oil diet. | the objectives of the present study were to examine the effects of dietary fats differing in fatty acid composition on diet-induced thermogenesis, sympathetic activity in brown adipose tissue and body fat accumulation in rats. rats were meal-fed for 12 wk an isoenergetic diet based on lard, high oleic acid safflower oil, safflower oil or linseed oil, and norepinephrine turnover rates in brown adipose tissue were then estimated. whole-body oxygen consumption after the meal indicated that diet-ind ... | 1995 | 7722695 |
| dietary fatty acids and the glomerular hemodynamic response to cyclosporine in borderline hypertensive rats. | we have recently reported that cyclosporine a (csa) decreases glomerular filtration rate in the borderline hypertensive rat (bhr), but that the glomerular filtration rate is normal when the rats are maintained on a diet supplemented with evening primrose (ep) oil. the current studies were designed to determine the glomerular hemodynamic changes responsible for this effect. a first group (plac-saff) received a diet supplemented with safflower oil (saff) (10% of calories) and placebo (plac). a sec ... | 1995 | 7723248 |
| high fat diet-induced hyperglycemia: prevention by low level expression of a glucose transporter (glut4) minigene in transgenic mice. | high-fat intake leading to obesity contributes to the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm, type 2). similarly, mice fed a high-fat (safflower oil) diet develop defective glycemic control, hyperglycemia, and obesity. to assess the effect of a modest increase in the expression of glut4 (the insulin-responsive glucose transporter) on impaired glycemic control caused by fat feeding, transgenic mice harboring a glut4 minigene were fed a high-fat diet. low-level tissue-specif ... | 1995 | 7724522 |
| serum triiodothyronine concentration and na+,k(+)-atpase activity in liver and skeletal muscle are influenced by dietary fat type in rats. | it has been shown previously that dietary fat type influences body fat accumulation in rats. the effects of dietary fat type on serum thyroid hormone, activity of na+,k(+)-atpase and lipoprotein lipase were studied. rats were fed an experimental diet containing lard, high oleic safflower oil, safflower oil or linseed oil for 12 wk. carcass fat content was significantly higher in rats fed the lard diet than in those fed the other diets. however, intra-abdominal adipose tissue weights were not aff ... | 1995 | 7666254 |
| differential fatty acid accretion in heart, liver and adipose tissues of rats fed beef tallow, fish oil, olive oil and safflower oils at three levels of energy intake. | to examine interactive effects of dietary fatty acid composition and energy restriction on tissue fatty acid accretion, mature rats consumed diets containing beef tallow, fish oil, olive oil or safflower oil with free access or at 85% or 68% of free access energy intakes. restriction was accomplished by adjustment of dietary carbohydrate level. after 10 wk, animals were killed, and the fatty acid compositions of liver, heart and adipose tissues were examined. compared with animals given free acc ... | 1995 | 7738677 |
| dietary high-linoleate safflower oil is not hypocholesterolemic in aged mice after a long-term feeding--comparison with lard, perilla oil and fish oil. | aged mice (6 months of age) fed a conventional diet were shifted to diets containing 10% lard, high-linoleate safflower seed oil, high alpha-linolenate perilla seed oil or high-docosahexaenoate fish oil. a significant increase in whole body cholesterol (/g wt) was seen within 30 d after the shift (rapid response), followed by a gradual decrease in 60 to 120 d (slow response); similar changes occurred in all the dietary groups. shortly after the shift, the serum cholesterol concentrations increas ... | 1995 | 7655414 |
| beef tallow diet decreases lipoprotein lipase activities in brown adipose tissue, heart, and soleus muscle by reducing sympathetic activities in rats. | effects of dietary fats consisting of different fatty acids on lipoprotein lipase activities in the interscapular brown adipose tissue, heart, and soleus muscle, and on body fat accumulation were studied in rats. sprague-dawley male rats were meal-fed an isoenergetic diet based on either beef tallow or safflower oil for 8 weeks. lipoprotein lipase activities in the interscapular brown adipose tissue, heart, and soleus muscle before and after a meal were lower in the beef tallow diet group than i ... | 1994 | 7751975 |
| effects of dietary lipid manipulation upon inflammatory mediator production by murine macrophages. | this study investigated the effects of feeding mice lipids with different fatty acid compositions upon the ability of stimulated macrophages to produce inflammatory mediators. weanling mice were fed for 8 weeks on a low-fat (lf; 2.5% by weight) diet or on diets containing 20% by weight of hydrogenated coconut oil (hco), olive oil (oo), safflower oil (so), or menhaden (fish) oil (mo). thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages were isolated. macrophages isolated from mo-fed mice produced less ... | 1995 | 7758122 |
| zinc deficiency and activities of lipogenic and glycolytic enzymes in liver of rats fed coconut oil or linseed oil. | in previous studies, zinc-deficient rats force-fed a diet with coconut oil as the major dietary fat developed a fatty liver, whereas zinc-deficient rats force-fed a diet with linseed oil did not. the present study was conducted to elucidate the reason for this phenomenon. in a bifactorial experiment, rats were fed zinc-adequate or zinc-deficient diets containing either a mixture of coconut oil (70 g/kg) and safflower oil (10 g/kg) ("coconut oil diet") or linseed oil (80 g/kg) ("linseed oil diet" ... | 1995 | 7760690 |
| comparison of the effects of a range of dietary lipids upon serum and tissue lipid composition in the rat. | since the type of fat consumed in the diet may play a role in the development of several disorders, it is important to ascertain the effects of different dietary fats upon parameters such as serum lipid levels and adipose deposition. the aim of this study was to determine the effects of feeding rats a range of fats with differing fatty acid compositions. weanling male rats were fed for 10 weeks on a low fat (lf) diet or on one of five high fat diets, which contained 20% by weight of either hydro ... | 1995 | 7780834 |
| muscle respiration in rats is influenced by the type and level of dietary fat. | experiments were conducted to elucidate the role of muscle in the enhanced thermogenic response found in rats fed diets enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids. isolated soleus muscle respiration and plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were determined in rats (approximately 128 g wt, 5 wk age) fed diets (minimum 3 wk) containing coconut oil, beef tallow or safflower oil at 20, 40 or 60% of the total dietary energy in a 3 x 3 factorial design (5-6 rats per treatment). diet type d ... | 1995 | 7782909 |
| modulation of signal transduction in macrophages by dietary fatty acids. | tumor growth can be altered by the amount and type of fat in the diet. although there are several possible mechanisms for this, recent work suggests that alterations in the immune system by dietary fat may affect tumorigenesis. the focus of recent studies has been on dietary fat modulation of macrophage function because that cell plays a pivotal role in many immune responses, including anti-tumor activity. one possible mechanism of dietary fat effects on macrophages is altered signal transductio ... | 1995 | 7782926 |
| [immunosuppressive effect of parenteral fat emulsions in defined immunostimulation]. | in the heterotopic rat heart allotransplant model we have previously shown that intravenous fat emulsions are to a various extent immunosuppressive or immunoneutral, dependent on their n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio. safflower oil (n-3: n-6 = 1:370), fish oil (7.6:1) and soybean oil (1:6.5) prolonged the transplant survival time to 13.3, 12.3 and 10.4 days compared to 6.7 days (oil control group; 1.2.1) and 7.8 days (saline control group) (p < 0.01), respectively. this study presents a correlation of ... | 1995 | 7787404 |
| effect of dietary fat and environmental lighting on the phospholipid molecular species of rat photoreceptor membranes. | we have previously shown that retinas of albino rats adapt to bright cyclic light (500-800 lx) by lowering the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) in their rod outer segment (ros) phospholipids. in the present study, we addressed the role of dietary fat in this process. pregnant rats were kept in 1 lx or 250 lx cyclic illuminance (12l:12d) and fed diets containing 10% (by weight) of either hydrogenated coconut oil (coc, no n-3 or n-6 fatty acids), linseed oil (lin, n-3 and n-6 fatty acids), ... | 1995 | 7789409 |
| effect of dietary fat on the response of the rat retina to chronic and acute light stress. | we designed an experiment to study the role of light history and polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) on the susceptibility of the albino rat retina to light damage. albino rats were born to dams that had been kept in either 1 lx or 250 lx cyclic light for 0-4 days prior to delivery and fed one of three diets containing either 10% (by weight) hydrogenated coconut oil (coc, no n-3 nor n-6 fatty acids), safflower oil (saf, high n-6, < 0.1% n-3 fatty acids), or linseed oil (lin, high n-3, low n-6 fat ... | 1995 | 7789410 |
| effect of dietary hyperlipidemic components and fish oil on concentration of lipids in liver and liver fatty acid profile of rats. | this investigation was attempted to clarify the effects of dietary hyperlipidemic components and fish oil on concentration of lipids in liver and liver fatty acid profile of rats. in a first experiment male sprague-dawley rats were maintained on a semipurified low-fat diet with 6.5% coconut oil and 1.5% safflower oil, but without added cholesterol, or a high-fat hyperlipidemic diet supplemented with 7.3% coconut oil, 7.3% beef tallow, 0.4% safflower oil, and 1.5% cholesterol for 28 days. rats fe ... | 1994 | 7810178 |
| immunoregulation by parenteral lipids: impact of the n-3 to n-6 fatty acid ratio. | the immune system is reported to be influenced by polyunsaturated fatty acids. therefore, immunoregulation caused by intravenous fat emulsions with different n-3 to n-6 fatty acid ratios was studied in an in vivo model. | 1994 | 7815672 |
| dietary polyunsaturated fat decreases interaction between low density lipoproteins and arterial proteoglycans. | polyunsaturated dietary fat (n-3 and n-6) results in less atherosclerosis in monkeys compared to lard (parks, j.s., kaduck-sawyer, j., bullock, b.c., and rudel, l.l., arteriosclerosis 10, 1102-1112; rudel, l.l., parks, j.s., johnson, f.l., and babiak, j., j. lipid res. 27, 465-474, 1986). we hypothesized that this was due, in part, to a decreased reactivity of low density lipoproteins (ldl) with arterial proteoglycans (pg). to test this hypothesis, cynomolgus monkeys were fed diets containing la ... | 1994 | 7815898 |
| effect of dietary linseed oil on tumoricidal activity and eicosanoid production in murine macrophages. | diets that contain high levels of n-3 fatty acids from fish oil have been shown to significantly effect macrophage cytolytic capacity, tumor necrosis factor alpha production and eicosanoid production. the present study was undertaken to determine whether n-3 fatty acids from vegetable origin [linseed oil (lin)] would have the same effects on murine macrophage tumoricidal capacity and eicosanoid production as would fish oil. mice were fed for three weeks diets that contained 10% (wt/wt) of either ... | 1994 | 7815900 |
| influence of korean pine (pinus koraiensis)-seed oil containing cis-5,cis-9,cis-12-octadecatrienoic acid on polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, eicosanoid production and blood pressure of rats. | the effects of dietary korean pine (pinus koraiensis)-seed oil containing a peculiar trienoic acid (cis-5,cis-9,cis-12-18:3, pinolenic acid, approximately 18%) on various lipid variables were compared in rats with those of flaxseed (linum usitatissimum l.) oil, safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) oil and evening primrose (oenothera biennis l.) oil under experimental conditions where the effects of different polyunsaturated fatty acids could be estimated. in sprague-dawley rats fed on diets conta ... | 1994 | 7826999 |
| the effect of dietary lipid manipulation on rat lymphocyte subsets and proliferation. | polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) have been shown to suppress immune cell functions in vitro. dietary studies investigating the effects of pufa-containing oils on lymphocyte functions have yielded contradictory findings: such studies are difficult to compare as there are many variations in protocols. the present study investigated the effects of diets containing oils rich in saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, n-6 pufa or n-3 pufa on rat lymphocyte proliferation and on receptor ... | 1994 | 7835924 |
| the absorption and effect of dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on serum leukotriene b4 in patients with cystic fibrosis. | the substitution of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids for omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids generates eicosanoids with diminished inflammatory effects. as the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) are in a state of chronic inflammation in which increased amounts of eicosanoids are found, n-3 supplementation may reduce this level of inflammation and result in clinical improvement. the absorption and clinical effects of n-3 vs. n-6 fatty acids in cf were measured in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, ... | 1994 | 7838619 |
| cloning and expression in escherichia coli of a novel thioesterase from arabidopsis thaliana specific for long-chain acyl-acyl carrier proteins. | an arabidopsis thaliana partial cdna was previously identified with a sequence similar to the lauroyl-acyl carrier protein (acp) thioesterase from umbellularia california (grellet et al., 1993, plant physiol. biochem. 31, 599-602). using this dna fragment, we isolated a 1.8-kb cdna coding for a 412-amino-acid preprotein. the deduced amino acid sequence is 51% identical to the lauroyl-acp thioesterase but only 39% identical to safflower oleoyl-acp thioesterase. the cdna was expressed in escherich ... | 1995 | 7840673 |
| the effects of intravenous triton wr-1339 on factor vii coagulant activity and plasma lipoproteins in normocholesterolaemic and hypercholesterolaemic rabbits. | the hypothesis that lipolysis of large lipoproteins by lipoprotein lipase (lpl) has an important influence on the activation of the contact system of coagulation and subsequently on factor vii activation was tested in rabbits rendered hyperlipidaemic by dietary means and/or by injection of triton wr-1339. the dietary treatment involved a control diet and two isocaloric diets containing either a 0.5% cholesterol or 0.5% cholesterol and 7.5% safflower oil supplement. other groups of rabbits were g ... | 1994 | 7841315 |
| nucleotide sequence of a cdna from carthamus tinctorius encoding a glycerol-3-phosphate acyl transferase. | | 1994 | 7846182 |
| fish oil feeding modulates leukotriene production in murine lupus nephritis. | diets enriched with fish oil (fo) ameliorate kidney disease in the mrl-lpr/lpr murine model of lupus nephritis. although the mechanisms of this effect are not known, fo is rich in the polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) which may have profound effects on eicosanoid metabolism. in mrl-lpr/lpr mice, fo feeding reduces renal production of cyclooxygenase metabolites. however, epa may also affect the metabolism of arachidonate by the 5-lipoxygenase (5-lo) pathway and enhanced produ ... | 1994 | 7855311 |