Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| dietary myristic acid alters acylated proteins in activated murine macrophages. | after stimulation with select activating agents such as lipopolysaccharide (lps) or recombinant interferon-gamma (rifngamma), several macrophage proteins may be induced, acylated with myristic acid, or both. our goal in this study was to determine whether altering the levels of myristic acid in the diet would modulate the levels of a specific acylated macrophage protein, macmarcks (myristoylated, alanine-rich c kinase substrate), because that fatty acid can be found in substantial quantities in ... | 1996 | 8648429 |
| suppressing effect of perilla oil on azoxymethane-induced foci of colonic aberrant crypts in rats. | we have investigated the modulatory effect of dietary perilla oil which is rich in the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, alpha-linolenic acid, on the development of azoxymethane (aom)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (acf) in male f344 rats. animals were given three weekly subcutaneous injections of aom (15 mg/kg body weight) to induce ace. the rats were fed a basal diet containing either 12% olive oil, 12% safflower oil, 12% perilla oil, 6% perilla oil plus 6% olive oil, or 3% perilla oil plus ... | 1996 | 8681445 |
| effect of three sources of long-chain fatty acids on the plasma fatty acid profile, plasma prostaglandin e2 concentrations, and pruritus symptoms in hemodialysis patients. | patients with chronic renal failure exhibit plasma fatty acid patterns indicative of essential fatty acid deficiency. the plasma fatty acid profile of 25 hemodialysis patients with a history of pruritus symptoms indicated lower 20:3n-9 (eicosatrienoic acid), 20:4n-6 (arachidonic acid), and 20:5n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) concentrations; a higher 18:1n-9 (oleic acid) concentration; and above-normal ranges of prostaglandin e2 (pge2) compared with 22 subjects chosen from a normal population. no sig ... | 1996 | 8694022 |
| dietary fatty acids, low density lipoprotein composition and oxidation and primate atherosclerosis. | low density lipoproteins (ldl) were isolated from nonhuman primates fed isocaloric diets rich in different types of fatty acids. these diets contained 35% of calories as fat enriched in fatty acids from the following sources: lard that is rich in saturated fatty acids, safflower oil rich in oleic acid, safflower oil rich in linoleic acid and menhaden oil that is rich in n-3 fatty acids. ldl composition reflected the dietary fats. ldl were subjected to oxidation using copper ions and azobis(2-ami ... | 1996 | 8642432 |
| oral fat exposure alters postprandial lipid metabolism in humans. | accumulating evidence indicates that oronasal sensory stimulation influences nutrient metabolism. this work examined the effects of oral exposure to dietary fat on postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (triglyceride) concentrations. fifteen (six male, nine female) healthy adults were exposed to each of four treatments presented in random order. after ingestion of a 50-g load of safflower oil in capsules (to preclude oral exposure to the fat), they masticated and expectorated 1) crackers with cream ... | 1996 | 8644686 |
| dietary fish oil and cytokine and eicosanoid production during human immunodeficiency virus infection. | dietary fish oil (fo) has been shown to modulate the immune system. the purpose of this study was to explore the effects of fo supplementation on the production of dienoic eicosanoids and cytokines in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. | 1996 | 8788262 |
| dietary fat alters biliary lipid secretion in the hamster. | dietary fat has been found to alter the incidence of cholesterol gallstones in hamsters: butterfat intensifies while safflower oil reduces lithiasis. we not report how dietary fat affects bile flow and biliary lipid secretion in this model. male hamsters were fed one of three experimental diets: a control diet (containing 0.3% cholesterol); control diet + 4.0% butterfat; or control diet + 4.0% safflower oil. after three weeks, bile samples were collected via an external biliary fistula. the endo ... | 1996 | 8882974 |
| effects of dietary vegetable oils on behavior and drug responses in mice. | previously, we noted significant differences in the behavioral patterns of mice fed safflower oil with a very low alpha-linolenate/linoleate ratio and perilla oil with a high alpha-linolenate/linoleate ratio from mothers to offsprings. in this report, we compared the behavior and drug responses in mice fed diets containing six different vegetable oils-corn, rapeseed, soybean, safflower, perilla and a mixture of perilla and safflower oils- for a relatively short period: 8 months after weaning. so ... | 1996 | 8924909 |
| zinc deficiency and the desaturation of linoleic acid in rats force-fed fat-free diets. | recent studies with rats force-fed zinc-deficient diets containing various types of fat failed to demonstrate a role of zinc in desaturation of linoleic acid. the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc deficiency on desaturation of linoleic acid in rats that were initially force-fed fat-free diets to stimulate activity of desaturases. therefore, rats were fed zinc-adequate and zinc-deficient fat-free diets for 6 d. after that period, the groups were divided and half of the ... | 1996 | 8886317 |
| effect of beef tallow diet on alpha 2-adrenergic receptor binding in rat brain regions. | we examined the effects of dietary fats consisting of different fatty acids on alpha 2-adrenergic receptor binding in the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. sprague-dawley male rats were meal-fed isoenergetic diets based on safflower oil or beef tallow for 8 weeks. alpha 2-adrenergic receptor bindings were determined with [3h]para-aminoclonidine. binding affinities of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor in the hypothalamus and cortex were significantly higher in the beef tallow diet group. the values of ... | 1996 | 8780971 |
| prevention of cholesterol cholelithiasis by dietary unsaturated fats in hormone-treated female hamsters. | we examined the effect of diet on gallstone incidence and the composition of biliary phosphatidylcholines in methyltestosterone-treated female hamsters. these hamsters were fed a nutritionally adequate purified lithogenic diet containing 2% corn oil, 4% butterfat, 0.3% cholesterol, and 0.05% methyltestosterone, resulting in a cholesterol gallstone incidence of 86%. this incidence was lowered when mono- and polyunsaturated fats or fatty acids were added to the diet: 2.5% oleic acid resulted in to ... | 1996 | 8827695 |
| rice bran oil and human health. | the available data in humans suggest that rice bran oil (rbo) is an edible oil of preference for improving plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles similar to more commonly used vegetable oils. the observation that blending rbo with safflower oil at a specific proportion magnifies the hypocholesterolemic efficacy is of particular interest with regard to utilization of this oil. the occurrence of peculiar components such as gamma-oryzanol and tocotrienols in rbo might be responsible for its hypochol ... | 1996 | 8886338 |
| abomasal infusion of cis or trans fatty acid isomers and energy metabolism of lactating dairy cows. | diets for dairy cows that provide or induce formation of trans isomers of polyunsaturated fatty acids result in reduced percentages of milk fat. the effect of abomasal infusion of trans-c18:1 fatty acid isomers on energy utilization by mature cows was determined. six multiparous holstein cows in midlactation had ad libitum access to a basal diet containing 50% forage and 50% concentrate. treatments were 1) no infusion, 2) infusion of 630 g/d of a fat mixture high in cis-c18:1 isomers (64% cis-c1 ... | 1996 | 8961107 |
| cholesterol and unsaturated fat diets influence lipid and glucose concentrations in rats. | the present study investigated the effects of dietary cholesterol and monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma lipids and glucose concentrations. four groups of ten male wistar albino rats were fed diets of different fatty acid composition for 40 days. the control group consumed nonpurified diet (containing fat 3.7 g/100 g diet), and cholesterol, olive oil, and safflower oil groups consumed the nonpurified diet enriched with 14 g fat/100 g diet with egg yolk, olive oil, or saffl ... | 1996 | 8829815 |
| dietary fish oil modulation of macrophage tumoricidal activity. | recent studies have shown that macrophages and their functions can be altered by dietary fat. specifically, diets that are rich in n-3 fatty acids such as fish oils can have significant effects on macrophage cytolytic capacity and the production of select cytokines. the purpose of these studies was to characterize how dietary fish oils altered macrophage tumoricidal activity and the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha). dietary menhaden fish oil (mfo) significantly decreased the ... | 1996 | 8850218 |
| copper effect on photosynthesis and transpiration in safflower. | the young leaves of safflower plants subjected to deficient supply of copper (0.00063 mg cu l-1) developed visible symptoms of cu deficiency and showed a decrease in chlorophyll concentration, hill activity, net photosynthesis and transpiration. on giving normal supply of cu (0.063 mg cu l-1), these changes were partially reversed. | 1996 | 8979495 |
| dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid prevents malformations in offspring of diabetic rats. | the purpose of the current study was to determine whether a dietary source of arachidonic acid could serve as a pharmacologic prophylaxis to obviate the teratogenic effects of hyperglycemia. | 1996 | 8885728 |
| resting blood pressure and cardiovascular reactivity to mental arithmetic in mild hypertensive males supplemented with blackcurrant seed oil. | the objective of this study was to test the effect of a supplement of blackcurrant seed oil (bso), a rich source of gamma-linolenic acid (c18:3n-6) on the resting blood pressure (bp) and cardiovascular reactivity to a psychological stress in borderline hypertensive individuals. twenty-seven male volunteers found to have a bp lying persistently within the borderline range, were allocated randomly to one of two groups at the end of a 4-week baseline period. the first group received a daily supplem ... | 1996 | 8895037 |
| vitamin c nutriture has little short-term effect on vitamin e concentrations in healthy women. | to determine whether the postulated sparing effect of vitamin e by ascorbic acid (aa) is important for human nutrition, we studied vitamin e status in 20 healthy pre-menopausal women (age 20-43 y) with high or low vitamin c intakes for 6 wk in a live-in metabolic unit. the experimental diet contained no fruits and vegetables and provided 5 mg/d of aa (recommended dietary allowance = 60 mg/d), 3 mg/d of alpha-tocopherol (rda = 10 mg/d) and 42 g/d of tocopherol-stripped safflower oil to increase t ... | 1996 | 8814216 |
| effects of gamma-linolenic acid and its positional isomer pinolenic acid on immune parameters of brown-norway rats. | male brown-norway rats given purified diets containing safflower oil (sfo, linoleic acid, 18:2 n-6), evening primrose oil (epo, gamma-linolenic acid, 6,9,12- 18:3 n-6) or korean pine seed oil (pso, 5,9,12- 18:3) at the 10% level were immunized twice with intraperitoneal ovalbumin, on days 14 and 35 of the feeding diets, and killed one day after the second booster. the relative population of cd4+ t-lymphocytes in the spleen was significantly lower in rats fed sfo than in those fed epo or pso, whi ... | 1996 | 8951990 |
| decreased reproductive effects from snakeweed (gutierrezia microcephala) in sprague-dawley rats with increased dietary snakeweed consumption. | sprague-dawley rats have been used to study the pathogenesis and toxicokinetics of snakeweed (gutierrezia microcephala and g sarothrae) toxicosis. diets containing as little as 10% snakeweed (sw) will induce early embryonic toxicosis and abortion in sprague-dawley rats. the sc administration of safflower oil to inseminated female rats will provide protection/tolerance against sw embryotoxins. two studies evaluated this embryotoxin protection. in the first study, an increase in daily consumption ... | 1996 | 8829342 |
| activity of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes in rats fed alpha-linolenic acid. | the activity of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes in rats fed linseed and perilla oils rich in alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-18:3) was compared to that in rats fed safflower oil rich in linoleic acid (18:2) and a saturated fat (palm oil). palm and safflower oils were essentially devoid of alpha-18:3. the palmitoyl-coa oxidation rates both in mitochondrial and peroxisomal pathways in liver homogenates were significantly higher in rats fed linseed oil than in those fed palm and safflower oils. am ... | 1996 | 8954134 |
| studies on the impact of dietary fat composition on proteinuria in diabetic rats. | rats with streptozotocin diabetes were pair-fed diets containing 20% beef tallow (bt), fish oil (fo), or safflower oil (so) for up to six months. after one month, differences in glucose control were not observed but rats fed fo had more renal hypertrophy. fo reduced glomerular prostaglandin e2 and 6-keto f1 alpha, and bt increased thromboxane b2 production, but there were no differences in glomerular filtration rate (gfr) or renal plasma flow (rpf). animals fed bt needed more insulin after two m ... | 1996 | 8877272 |
| teratogenic effects of diabetes mellitus in the rat. prevention by vitamin e. | we wanted to determine whether administration of vitamin e could reduce the production of free radicals which could play a role in the teratogenic effects of diabetes mellitus. diabetes was induced in wistar rats by the intravenous administration of streptozotocin. the animals were divided into six groups: one with no supplement (d) and two, supplemented during pregnancy either with oral vitamin e (150 mg/day) (d + e) or with a placebo (safflower oil) (d + o). three other groups were kept under ... | 1996 | 8877287 |
| efficient method for rapid induction of aberrant crypt foci in rats with 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine. | 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (phip) induces aberrant crypt foci (acfs) as well as colon cancer in f344 male rats. conditions allowing rapid development of acfs over a short period were investigated. f344 male rats were fed 400 ppm of phip x hcl in a low-fat diet (lf) for 2 weeks and then given a phip-free, high-fat diet containing primex (hf-pr) or safflower oil, or phip-free lf for 4 or 12 weeks. rats fed hf-pr for 4 weeks gave the highest number of acfs/rat (3.3) and their s ... | 1996 | 8957059 |
| effect of high fat diets with and without cholesterol on erythrocyte and tissue fatty acids in rats. | male weanling wistar rats were fed synthetic diets containing 20% safflower oil (sfo) or palm oil (po) with and without cholesterol for a period of six weeks. erythrocyte membranes were isolated and their fatty acid composition were determined at the end of the experiment. besides the fatty acid composition of the kidney and spleen lipids were also determined. erythrocyte membrane, kidney fatty acids of rats fed safflower oil (sfo) had in the majority of variants a higher level of n-6 fatty acid ... | 1996 | 9008832 |
| triterpene alcohols from the flowers of compositae and their anti-inflammatory effects. | eleven tabular and nine ligulate flowers from 15 species of compositae plants were investigated for their triterpene alcohol constituents. this led to the isolation and identification of 11 triterpene alcohols as follows: heliaol, taraxasterol, psi-taraxasterol, alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin, lupeol, taraxerol, cycloartenol, 24-methyl-enecycloartanol, tirucalla-7,24-dienol and dammaradienol. the tabular flowers of calendula officinalis, carthamus tinctorius, cosmos bipinnatus, chrysanthemum morifoli ... | 1996 | 8987908 |
| inhibitory effect of alkane-6,8-diols, the components of safflower, on tumor promotion by 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in two-stage carcinogenesis in mouse skin. | erythro-alkane-6,8-diols were isolated from the flowers of carthamus tinctorius. 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa, 1 microgram/ear), a tumor-promoting agent, was applied to the ears of mice to induce inflammation. of 8 alkane-6,8-diols assayed, the c27, c31, c32, c33 and c35 alkane diols inhibited the inflammation. the 50% inhibitory dose of these compounds for tpa-induced inflammation was 0.5-0.7 mg/ear. however, c21, c23 and c25 alkane-6,8-diols were found to have no effect. furthermo ... | 1996 | 8604239 |
| modulating effect of amount and types of dietary fat on colonic mucosal phospholipase a2, phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c activities, and cyclooxygenase metabolite formation during different stages of colon tumor promotion in male f344 rats. | epidemiological and laboratory animal model studies suggest that the effect of dietary fat in colon carcinogenesis depends not only on the amount but on its fatty acid composition. animal model studies demonstrated that high dietary corn oil or safflower oil rich in omega-6 fatty acids increased the colon tumor promotion, whereas diets containing fish oil high in omega-3 fatty acids had no such enhancing effect. one of the mechanisms by which high dietary fat enhances colon carcinogenesis may be ... | 1996 | 8564967 |
| alteration of arachidonate levels in tick salivary glands by dietary modification of host blood lipids. | tick saliva contains prostaglandins of the 2-series, believed to facilitate bloodmeal acquisition. because ticks cannot synthesize the prostaglandin precursor, arachidonic acid, investigations were undertaken to study the uptake, incorporation, and distribution of arachidonic acid in the salivary glands of the lone star tick in vitro and in vivo. uptake of [3h]arachidonate by isolated salivary glands was reduced in the presence of low concentrations of arachidonic or eicosapentaenoic acids, but ... | 1996 | 8541571 |
| cholinephosphotransferase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (substrate specificities at a key branch point in seed lipid metabolism). | many oilseed plants accumulate triacylglycerols that contain unusual fatty acyl structures rather than the common 16- and 18-carbon fatty acids found in membrane lipids of these plants. in vitro experiments demonstrate that triacylglycerols are synthesized via diacylglycerols in microsomal preparations and that this same sub-cellular fraction is the site for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, which in seeds is synthesized from diacylglycerol by cdp-choline: diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransf ... | 1996 | 12226231 |
| [separation and determination of flavonols in the flowers of carthamus tinctorius by rp-hplc]. | carthamus tinctorius l. is a kind of traditional chinese medicine used in the treatment of uterine congestion, cardio-vascular disease, thrombosis and so on. eight flavonoids have been isolated from its flowers. a reversed phase hplc method for the separation and determination of the three flavonols: rutin (i), quercetin(ii) and kaempferol(iii) in the flowers of carthamus tinctorius l. is described. the column was 25 cm x 4.6 mm id, packed with ywg-c18(10 microns). the mobile phase was a mixture ... | 1997 | 11243195 |
| [the effects of space condition on the germination of medicinal plant carthamus tinctorius]. | to substantiate the effects of space condition on the growth and development of medicinal plants. | 1997 | 11540479 |
| lipid profile of rats fed blends of rice bran oil in combination with sunflower and safflower oil. | this study was undertaken to assess the effect of blended oils, i.e., polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa) rich vegetable oils like safflower oil (sfo) and sunflower oil (sno) with the unconventional and hypocholesterolemic rice bran oil (rbo) on the serum lipid profile of rats. rats fed rbo+sno/sfo at 70:30 ratio for a period of 28 days showed significantly (p < 0.05) lower levels of total cholesterol (tc), triglycerides (tg) and low density lipoprotein (ldl) cholesterol and increased high density ... | 1997 | 9629862 |
| coconut oil as a protective carrier of dietary vitamin a fed to ruminants. | safflower and coconut oil were compared as protective carriers of dietary vitamin a supplemented to abomasally cannulated sheep. vitamin a, 240,000 i.u., was predissolved in 11.7 g of safflower or coconut oil and bolused directly into the rumen of mature wethers along with 4 g of chromic oxide. the vitamin a was pre-dissolved in 0, 11.7, 23.4 or 35.0 g of coconut oil in experiment 2. determination of carrier oil protectiveness of solubilized dietary vitamin a was based on recoveries of vitamin a ... | 1997 | 9433672 |
| antioxidative compounds isolated from safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) oil cake. | seven antioxidative serotonin derivatives were isolated from safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) oil cake. their structures were established as n-[2-(5-hydroxy-1h-indol-3-yl)ethyl]ferulamide (1), n-[2-(5-hydroxy-1h-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-p-coumaramide (2), n,n'-[2,2'-(5,5'-dihydroxy-4,4'-bi-1h-indol-3,3'-yl)diethyl]- di-p-coumaramide (3), n-[2-[3'-[2-(p-coumaramido)ethyl]-5,5'-dihydroxy- 4,4'-bi-1h-indol-3-yl]ethyl]ferulamide (4), and n,n'-[2,2'-(5,5'-dihydroxy-4,4'-bi-1h-indol-3,3'-yl)diethyl]- dife ... | 1997 | 9433760 |
| dietary modulation of omega-3/omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios in patients with breast cancer. | polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-6 (omega-6) class, as found in corn and safflower oils, can act as precursors for intermediates involved in the growth of mammary tumors when fed to animals, whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 (omega-3) class, as found in fish oil, can inhibit these effects. the effects of dietary intervention on the ratios of these fatty acids in breast and other adipose tissues have not previously been prospectively studied. | 1997 | 9262250 |
| 7-dehydrobrefeldin a, a naturally occurring brefeldin a derivative, inhibits secretion and causes a cis-to-trans breakdown of golgi stacks in plant cells. | 7-dehydrobrefeldin a (7-oxo-bfa) is a brefeldin a (bfa) analog that, like bfa, is a potent phytotoxin of alternaria carthami, a fungal pathogen of safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) plants. both bfa and 7-oxo-bfa have been shown to be causal agents of the leaf spot disease of these plants. we have investigated the effects of 7-oxo-bfa on the secretion and the structure of the golgi stacks of sycamore maple (acer pseudoplatanus) suspension-cultured cells to determine whether 7-oxo-bfa affects th ... | 1997 | 9046595 |
| type of dietary fiber, not fat, alters phospholipase d and ornithine decarboxylase activities in the rat large intestine. | we investigated the effect of dietary fatty acid composition (n-6 vs. n-3) and fiber (highly fermentable vs. less fermentable) on the activities of phospholipase d (pld) and ornithine decarboxylase (odc) in the rat large intestine (cecum and proximal and distal colon). twenty-four sprague-dawley rats (215-270 g) ate synthetic diets with 2% safflower oil plus 21.5% safflower or fish oil and 10% cellulose or guar gum for four weeks. cecal bile acids and free fatty acids were higher in rats fed gua ... | 1997 | 9121941 |
| prevention of diabetic embryopathy in offspring of diabetic rats with use of a cocktail of deficient substrates and an antioxidant. | the current study sought to determine whether a dietary cocktail of deficient substrates and antioxidant could reduce the incidence of diabetic embryopathy to the background rate in an in vivo rat model. | 1997 | 9125602 |
| regulation of mevalonate synthesis in rat mammary glands by dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. | it is well established that dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pu-fas) enhance rat mammary tumor development whereas n-3 pufas inhibit it, yet the mechanisms are unclear. the objective of this study was to investigate a mechanism by which n-3 and n-6 pufas could modulate mammary carcinogenesis. female sprague dawley rats were fed diets containing either menhaden (n-3) or safflower oil (n-6) in a 7% fat diet for 1 week. in comparison to the n-6 diet, the n-3 diet significantly reduced the a ... | 1997 | 9288773 |
| dietary safflower phospholipid reduces liver lipids in laying hens. | this experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary safflower phospholipids (crude safflower phospholipid and purified safflower phospholipid) on performance and lipid metabolism of laying hens. sixty-week-old single comb white leghorn laying hens were divided into four groups of seven birds each, and were given one of four experimental diets containing 5% beef tallow (served as a control, tallow), a mixture of safflower oil and palm oil (sp-oil), crude safflower phospholipid (saf- ... | 1997 | 9154621 |
| dha feeding provides host protection and prevents fibrosarcoma-induced hyperlipidemia while maintaining the tumor response to arac in fischer 344 rats. | fischer 344 rats were inoculated with fibrosarcoma tumor cells and fed diets containing 5% or 10% (wt/wt) safflower oil or 10% oil containing docosahexaenoic acid (dha). animals were then treated with arabinosylcytosine (arac) or saline for six days. tumor weights were highest in animals fed 10% safflower oil and treated with saline, intermediate in animals fed oil containing dha and 5% safflower oil and treated with saline, and lowest in arac-treated animals from all diets. plasma cholesterol a ... | 1997 | 9343830 |
| dietary fat type related changes in tissue cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis are influenced by energy intake level in rats. | to investigate the interaction of dietary fat source and energy intake level on tissue cholesterol and triacylglycerol fatty acid (tg-fa) synthesis. | 1997 | 9430088 |
| dietary (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress murine lymphoproliferation, interleukin-2 secretion, and the formation of diacylglycerol and ceramide. | elucidation of the mechanism(s) by which dietary fish oil, enriched in eicosapentaenoic acid (epa, 20:5(n-3)] and docosahexaenoic acid [dha, 22:6(n-3)], suppresses the inflammatory process is essential in maximizing this potentially therapeutic effect. murine t-lymphocyte function and signal transduction were examined in response to a low fat, short term diet enriched in highly purified epa or dha ethyl esters. for 10 d, mice were fed comparable diets containing either 3% safflower oil ethyl est ... | 1997 | 9040541 |
| synaptic vesicle ultrastructural changes in the rat hippocampus induced by a combination of alpha-linolenate deficiency and a learning task. | rats fed either a safflower oil (alpha-linolenate-deficient) or a perilla oil (alpha-linolenate-sufficient) diet through two generations (f1) showed significant differences in the brightness-discrimination learning task. in this task, correct responses were lever-pressing responses, which were reinforced with dietary pellets, and incorrect responses were those with no reinforcement. the inferior learning performance in the safflower oil group was caused mainly by the inferior ability to rectify ... | 1997 | 9048773 |
| functional changes of rat brain microsomal membrane surface after learning task depending on dietary fatty acids. | biochemical characteristics of brain microsomal membranes were examined before and after the brightness-discrimination learning tasks in rats that were fed either safflower oil (alpha-linolenate-deficient) or perilla oil (alpha-linolenate-sufficient) diets. we detected small changes in the chain elongation system for polyunsaturated fatty acids in microsomes, whereas no significant difference was detected in the inositol trisphosphate-induced calcium release and atp-induced calcium uptake profil ... | 1997 | 9048774 |
| effects of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on plasma eicosanoids and liver antioxidant enzymes in rats receiving total parenteral nutrition. | the effect of total parenteral nutrition (tpn) enriched with n-3 or n-6 fatty acids on the concentration of plasma eicosanoids was evaluated in rats. rats were divided into three groups: the control group (n = 6) was fed a chow diet and infused with saline only. two experimental groups (n = 11, 13) received tpn solutions at an energy level of 30 kcal/100g body weight with 40% energy provided as fat. the experimental groups were maintained on tpn for a period of 7 d. the basal tpn solutions were ... | 1997 | 9058445 |
| effects of dietary cholesterol and triglycerides on lipid concentrations in liver, plasma, and bile. | dietary cholesterol (chl) and triglycerides (tg) can influence plasma, hepatic, and biliary lipid composition, but effects on lipids in these three compartments during the early stages of chl gallstone formation have not been studied in parallel. we fed prairie dogs diets containing one of four test oils (safflower, coconut, olive, or menhaden) at either 5 or 40% of calories, in the presence of 0 or 0.34% chl, for 3 wk. in the absence of dietary chl, increases in dietary tg produced 50-200% incr ... | 1997 | 9075206 |
| incorporation of long-chain n-3 fatty acids in tissues and enhanced bone marrow cellularity with docosahexaenoic acid feeding in post-weanling fischer 344 rats. | we wanted to examine the effects of an oil rich in docosahexaenoic acid (dha), without eicosapentaenoic acid, on the composition of membrane phospholipid in a variety of tissues. our in vitro studies had previously shown that dha could modify glucose and nucleoside transport in cells in culture and also increase selectivity of the nucleoside drug, arabinosylcytosine (arac) toward tumor cells. here we wanted to examine what effect dha supplementation would have in the whole animal in terms of the ... | 1997 | 9076666 |
| effects of dietary fat sources on lipid metabolism in growing chicks (gallus domesticus). | the effect of dietary fat sources with different degrees of unsaturation and double bond positioning on lipid metabolism was studied in growing chicks. four-week-old chicks were given semi-purified diets containing 6% palm oil (plo), 6% safflower oil (sfo), 3% safflower oil and 3% linseed oil (sfo + lno), 6% linseed oil (lno), or 3% linseed oil and 3% fish oil (lno + fo) with 0.5% cholesterol supplementation. cholesterol ester content in the liver and serum of chicks fed plo diet was significant ... | 1997 | 9080669 |
| rice bran oil and cholesterol metabolism. | a range of human and animal studies have shown that rice bran oil (rbo) is an edible oil of preference for improving serum cholesterol levels and lipoprotein profiles with similarity to the more commonly used vegetable oils such as corn oil and safflower oil. of particular interest is the observation that blending rbo with safflower oil at a definite proportion (7:3, wt/wt) magnifies the hypocholesterolemic efficacy, compared with the effect of each oil alone. although the mechanism underlying t ... | 1997 | 9082039 |
| brain beta-adrenergic receptor binding in rats with obesity induced by a beef tallow diet. | we have previously reported that compared with safflower oil diet, feeding a beef tallow diet leads to a greater accumulation of body fat by reducing sympathetic activities. the present study examined the effects of dietary fats consisting of different fatty acids on alpha1- and beta-adrenergic receptor binding in the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. male sprague-dawley rats were meal-fed isoenergetic diets based on safflower oil (rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids) or beef tallow (rich in ... | 1997 | 9005963 |
| influence of diet on the kinetic behavior of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase i toward different acyl coa esters. | the influence of diet on the kinetics of the overt form of rat liver mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase (cpt i; ec 2.3.1.21) was studied using rats fed either a low-fat diet (3% w/w fat), or diets which were supplemented with either olive oil (oo), safflower oil (so) or menhaden (fish) oil (mo) to 20% w/w of fat (high fat diets). when animals were fed each of these four diets for 10 days, the order of the apparent maximal activity (vmax) of cpt i toward various individual fatty acyl co ... | 1997 | 9075190 |
| polyenylphosphatidylcholine prevents carbon tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation while it attenuates liver fibrosis. | polyenylphosphatidylcholine protects against alcoholic cirrhosis in the baboon and carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis in rats. this study addresses the possible mechanism of the protective effect of polyenylphosphatidylcholine. | 1997 | 9314134 |
| cholesterol-lowering effects of modified animal fats in postmenopausal women. | in an attempt to improve the nutritional value of animal fats (including milkfat and lard), two technological approaches (i.e., cholesterol removal by steam distillation and linoleic acid enrichment by addition of safflower oil) were tested for cholesterolemic effects in a cohort of 29 older women (age 68 +/- 7 years). | 1997 | 9430085 |
| does vegetable oil attenuate the beneficial effects of fish oil in reducing risk factors for cardiovascular disease? | contradictory reports on the protective effect of fish consumption on cardiovascular disease (cvd) risk could be due to variations in the intake of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas). metabolic competition between n-3 and n-6 pufas suggests that n-6 pufas in vegetable oils could attenuate the efficacy of n-3 pufas in fish oil to favorably alter endpoints relevant to cvd risk. we determined the effects of varying dietary amounts of fish oil on lipid and thrombotic endpoints relevant ... | 1997 | 9209174 |
| olive oil increases the magnitude of postprandial chylomicron remnants compared to milk fat and safflower oil. | the acute effects of olive oil, milk fat and safflower oil on postprandial lipemia and remnant lipoprotein metabolism were investigated. | 1997 | 9322191 |
| essential fatty acid deficiency in renal failure: can supplements really help? | abnormal fatty acid metabolism may contribute to clinical problems such as itching, abnormal perspiration, susceptibility to infection, delayed wound healing, anemia, and increased hemolysis, as seen in patients with chronic renal failure. a double-blind study of patients on hemodialysis who received either fish oil, olive oil, or safflower oil documented that patients may have increased levels of the proinflammatory prostaglandin pge2 and that fish oil intervention may decrease these levels, ch ... | 1997 | 9336579 |
| dietary fatty acids influence the activity and metabolic control of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase i in rat heart and skeletal muscle. | the fatty acid composition of the diet has been found to influence the activity and sensitivity of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase i (cpt i; ec 2.3.1.21) to inhibition by malonyl coa in rat heart and skeletal muscle. the nutritional state of rats has been shown to have less influence on the activity and metabolic control of mitochondrial cpt i in heart and skeletal muscle tissue than in the liver, a tissue in which cpt i activity and sensitivity to inhibition by malonyl coa can be s ... | 1997 | 9349840 |
| influence of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester on insulin resistance in the otsuka long-evans tokushima fatty rat, a model of spontaneous non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. | we investigated the effect of long-term administration of highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (epa-e), an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid derived from fish oil, in comparison to the effects of lard, olive oil, safflower oil, or distilled water as the control on the development of insulin resistance in otsuka long-evans tokushima fatty (oletf) rats, a model of spontaneous non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm) with obesity. after 17 or 18 weeks of treatment, the glucose infu ... | 1997 | 9439543 |
| effects of aflatoxin b1 on liver microsomal enzymes in different strains of chickens. | administration of aflatoxin b1 (afb1) with safflower seed oil to hubbard chickens caused a significant increase in liver microsomal protein, electron transport components, and drug metabolizing enzymes. no alteration was observed in the activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases. afb1 treatment with dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) as a vehicle caused a significant decrease in electron transport components, drug metabolizing enzymes, and a significant increase in the activity of aspartate amino ... | 1997 | 9440243 |
| the effect of essential fatty acid deficiency on the fatty acid composition of different salivary glands and saliva in rats. | the main purpose was to compare the changes in fatty acid composition of lipids induced by essential fatty acid (efa) deficiency in the rat submandibular, parotid and sublingual glands. three groups of rats were fed for 28 weeks (1 week gestation, 3 weeks lactation and 24 weeks thereafter) diets containing 7% hydrogenated coconut oil (hco) (efa-deficient in both n-6 and n-3), 7% soybean oil (sbo) (control) and 7% safflower oil (sfo) (deficient in n-3). rats were killed and salivary glands were d ... | 1997 | 9447262 |
| influence of lipid diets on the number of metastases and ganglioside content of h59 variant tumors. | we investigated the influence of the fatty acid composition of the diet on the number of hepatic metastases and the ganglioside profile of the primary tumor and metastases. c57bl/6 female mice were fed different diets containing either no fats (tek) or 8% of fish oil (pol), linseed oil (lin), safflower oil (saf) or beef tallow (bt) and were injected subcutaneously in the dorsum with h59 cells, a variant of the lewis lung carcinoma (3llc) that metastasizes preferentially to the liver. the omega3 ... | 1997 | 9219729 |
| dietary fish oil supplementation exacerbates serum sickness nephritis in mice. | the effects of fish oil (fo) on immune complex nephritis induced by bovine serum albumin (bsa) were studied in female b10.br mice. the mice were fed an experimental fat-free diet composed of either 10% fo, safflower oil (so), or beef tallow (bt) as a lipid source throughout the study. proteinuria was observed in 84% of the fo group (n = 19), 53% of the so group (n = 19) and in 48% of the bt group (n = 19; p = 0.0217 vs. fo). the fo group showed a tendency toward more severe renal histologic chan ... | 1997 | 9380243 |
| cholate inhibits high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia and obesity with acyl-coa synthetase mrna decrease. | the effects of sodium cholate on high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia and obesity were investigated. insulin resistance was estimated by measuring 2-deoxyglucose uptake in epitrochlearis muscles incubated in vitro. addition of 0.5% cholate to high-safflower oil diet completely prevented high fat-induced hyperglycemia and obesity in c57bl/6j mice with a slight decrease of energy intake but with no inhibition of fat absorption. furthermore, the addition of cholate decreased blood insulin levels and ... | 1997 | 9252477 |
| lack of promotion of colon carcinogenesis by high-oleic safflower oil. | the nonpromoting effect of olive oil on colon carcinogenesis has been attributed to its high oleic acid content, whereas a positive association of monounsaturated fat in beef tallow with colon tumors has been reported. the effect of constituents other than fatty acids could not be neglected in these experiments. in order to minimize the effects of minor constituents in the oils, the authors compared conventional safflower oil with oil from a mutant strain of safflower that is rich in oleic acid. | 1997 | 9118028 |
| unusual effects of some vegetable oils on the survival time of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. | preliminary experiments have shown that a diet containing 10% rapeseed oil (low-erucic acid) markedly shortens the survival time of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (shrsp) rats under 1% nacl loading as compared with diets containing perilla oil or soybean oil. high-oleate safflower oil and high-oleate sunflower oil were found to have survival time-shortening activities comparable to that of rapeseed oil; olive oil had slightly less activity. a mixture was made of soybean oil, perilla oil ... | 1997 | 9252963 |
| influence of dietary fat on the activities of subcellular membrane-bound enzymes from different regions of rat brain. | the effect of different dietary fats with varying degrees of unsaturation and essential fatty acid composition, which are commonly consumed in india, on the activity of some important membrane-bound enzymes was assessed in different brain regions of rat. four groups of male cfy weanling rats were fed nutritionally adequate diets containing groundnut, coconut, safflower or mustard oil as fat source at 20% level for 16 weeks. the synaptosomal, microsomal and myelin membranes were prepared from thr ... | 1997 | 9413840 |
| soybean protein lowers serum cholesterol levels in hamsters: effect of debittered undigested fraction. | the undigested fraction (udf) of soybean protein exerts a marked hypocholesterolemic effect in relation to soybean protein (soy) in rats. the present study was conducted to confirm whether udf was effective in hamsters as in rats in combination with different fat sources, either perilla oil (per) or safflower oil (saf). because the hamster, unlike the rat, disliked the bitter taste of udf, the effect of debittering udf also was studied. cholesterol-enriched (0.2%) diets containing 20% protein an ... | 1997 | 9263255 |
| perilla oil prevents the excessive growth of visceral adipose tissue in rats by down-regulating adipocyte differentiation. | we examined the effect of dietary oils with different fatty acid compositions on the growth of visceral adipose tissue in rats. rats were fed for 4 mo starting at weaning a basal diet containing (12 g/100 g diet) perilla oil rich in (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa), safflower oil rich in (n-6) pufa, olive oil rich in monounsaturated fatty acid, or beef tallow rich in saturated fatty acids. the amount of food consumed and body weight gain did not differ among the four dietary groups. the ... | 1997 | 9278555 |
| polyenylphosphatidylcholine attenuates alcohol-induced fatty liver and hyperlipemia in rats. | chronic administration of a soybean-derived polyenylphosphatidylcholine (ppc) extract prevents the development of cirrhosis in alcohol-fed baboons. to assess whether this phospholipid also affects earlier changes induced by alcohol consumption (such as fatty liver and hyperlipemia), 28 male rat littermates were pair-fed liquid diets containing 36% of energy either as ethanol or as additional carbohydrate for 21 d, and killed 90 min after intragastric administration of the corresponding diets. ha ... | 1997 | 9278563 |
| the effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on platelet function, platelet fatty acid composition, and blood coagulation in humans. | the effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (dha) in the absence of eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) has been studied infrequently in humans under controlled conditions. this 120-d study followed healthy, adult male volunteers who lived in the metabolic research unit (mru) of the western human nutrition research center for the entire study. the basal (low-dha) diet consisted of natural foods (30 en% fat, 15 en% protein, and 55 en% carbohydrate), containing < 50 mg/d of dha, and met the recommended dai ... | 1997 | 9397397 |
| comparative hypocholesterolemic effects of six dietary oils in cholesterol-fed rats after long-term feeding. | rats (8 wk of age) fed a conventional diet were shifted to diets containing 10% oenothera biennis linn oil (oblo, linoleic acid + gamma-linolenic acid) from a wild plant, evening primrose oil (epo, linoleic acid + gamma-linolenic acid) from a cultivated plant, bio-gamma-linolenic acid oil from mold (bio, palmitic acid + oleic acid + linoleic acid + gamma-linolenic acid), safflower oil (linoleic acid), palm oil (plo, palmitic acid + oleic acid + linoleic acid), or soybean oil (linoleic acid + alp ... | 1997 | 9358433 |
| high fat, high cholesterol diets alter low density lipoprotein size and binding affinity in monkeys. | the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of various dietary fats on low density lipoprotein (ldl) binding in an in vitro system where receptor number is not regulated. cynomolgus monkeys were fed diets containing 37% of energy from fat, with various degrees of saturation, and 0.4 mg/kcal cholesterol or low-fat (13% of energy), low cholesterol (0.03 mg/kcal) chow. plasma ldl was isolated after 16 weeks. the fatty acid composition of ldl showed enrichment corresponding to the dietary f ... | 1997 | 9247355 |
| a high amylose (amylomaize) starch raises proximal large bowel starch and increases colon length in pigs. | young male pigs consumed a diet of fatty minced beef, safflower oil, skim milk powder, sucrose, cornstarch and wheat bran. starch provided 50% of total daily energy either as low amylose cornstarch, high amylose (amylomaize) cornstarch or as a 50/50 mixture of corn and high amylose starch. neither feed intake nor body weight gain as affected by dietary starch. final plasma cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher than initial values in pigs fed the 50/50 mixture of corn and high amyl ... | 1997 | 9109613 |
| a human dietary arachidonic acid supplementation study conducted in a metabolic research unit: rationale and design. | while there are many reports of studies that fed arachidonic acid (aa) to animals, there are very few reports of aa feeding to humans under controlled conditions. this 130-d study was conceived as a controlled, symmetrical crossover design with healthy, adult male volunteers. they lived in the metabolic research unit (mru) of the western human nutrition research (whnrc) for the entire study. all food was prepared by the whnrc kitchen. the basal (low-aa) diet consisted of natural foods (30 en% fa ... | 1997 | 9113630 |
| dietary fish oil diminishes the antigen presentation activity of rat dendritic cells. | rats were fed for 6 weeks on a low fat (lf) diet or on high fat diets containing safflower oil [so; rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas)] or fish oil (fo; rich in n-3 pufas). lymph-borne dendritic cells (l-dc) were isolated after cannulation of the thoracic duct and were used as antigen [keyhole limpet hemocyanin (klh)]-presenting cells in an ex vivo assay that used klh-sensitized spleen lymphocytes as the responder cells. fo feeding significantly diminished the antigen presentation a ... | 1997 | 9400818 |
| possible mechanisms for the differential effects of high linoleate safflower oil and high alpha-linolenate perilla oil diets on platelet-activating factor production by rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | as compared with high dietary linoleate safflower oil, high dietary alpha-linolenate perilla oil decreased platelet-activating factor (paf) production by nearly half in calcium ionophore (cai)-stimulated rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn). in the cai-stimulated pmn from the perilla oil group, the accumulated amount of arachidonate (aa) plus eicosapentaenoate (epa) was 30% less and that of lyso-paf was 50% less, indicating that the decreased availability of lyso-paf is a factor contributing t ... | 1997 | 9524928 |
| immunomodulating activities of polysaccharide fractions from dried safflower petals. | in the course of screening for immunomodulators, we found a significant blastogenic activity specific for splenic b cells in the extracts of safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.). active fractions termed sf1 and sf2 were purified from dried petals of safflower by boiling water extraction, ethanol precipitation and sepharose cl-2b column chromatography. the elution profiles of the gel filtration indicated that the molecular weight of sf1 and sf2 was estimated to be more than 100 kd. major component ... | 1997 | 22358893 |
| superoxide-scavenging and tyrosinase-inhibitory activities of the extracts of some chinese medicines. | the superoxide-scavenging and the tyrosinase-inhibitory activities of 28 kinds of plants used as chinese medicines were evaluated. methanol/water extracts were used for the screening tests, and for those which represented high activities, other kinds of extracts were also studied. the extracts of mallotus japonicus muell. arg. scavenged superoxide strongly; the half-inhibiting concentration (ic50) of its 50% methanol/water extract was 10.57 μg of dried material in 1 ml of reaction mixture. the e ... | 1997 | 27396888 |
| association between hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation induced by administering orotic acid and enhanced phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity in rats. | orotic acid is known to cause fatty liver, but it is unclear whether this is caused partly by stimulation of the enzymes for triacylglycerol (tg) synthesis. to understand the change of hepatic tg metabolism in fatty liver induced by orotic acid, we determined the liver tissue tg level and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (pap) activity over time in rats fed on a diet containing orotic acid (oa). a dietary lipid content of 10% was achieved by using n-6 fatty acid-rich corn oil in experiment 1, and ... | 1998 | 9571780 |
| dietary alpha-linolenic acid increases tnf-alpha, and decreases il-6, il-10 in response to lps: effects of sesamin on the delta-5 desaturation of omega6 and omega3 fatty acids in mice. | sesamin (a non-fat portion of sesame seed oil) inhibits delta-5 desaturase activity resulting in an accumulation of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (dgla) which can displace arachidonic acid (aa) and decrease the formation of pro-inflammatory mediators. we investigated the effects of consumption of diets containing 0.25wt% sesamin and 15 wt% safflower oil (so) (providing 12% of the added fat as linoleic acid) or a 15 wt% 2:1 mixture of linseed oil and so (loso) (providing 6% alpha-linolenic acid and ... | 1998 | 9610840 |
| dietary fish oil suppresses human colon tumour growth in athymic mice. | 1. human colon tumour growth, initiated by subcutaneous inoculation of ht29 cells, was measured in athymic mice fed ad libitum on high-fat (210 g/kg) diets rich in coconut oil (co), olive oil (oo), safflower oil (so) or fish oil (fo); a low fat (lf; 25 g/kg) diet was used as the control. in one experiment the mice were fed the experimental diets for 3 weeks before ht29 cell inoculation and were killed 2 weeks post-inoculation. in a second experiment the mice were maintained on the lf diet until ... | 1998 | 9616265 |
| alteration of murine mammary tumorigenesis by dietary enrichment with n-3 fatty acids in fish oil. | we and others have previously shown that dietary fat can alter the growth and metastasis of rodent mammary tumors. few transplantable tumor models have been used to study the effects of dietary n-6 versus n-3 fatty acids on mammary tumorigenesis. here we study the effects of fish oil and safflower oil on the growth and metastasis of an animal model that in several ways parallels the human disease. tumor latency, growth and metastasis were studied in mice fed diets that contained either 10 or 20% ... | 1998 | 9500184 |
| apolipoprotein b metabolism in hypertriglyceridemic diabetic patients administered either a fish oil- or vegetable oil-enriched diet. | the effect on apolipoprotein b kinetics of a diet enriched in either fish oil or safflower oil was investigated in five hypertriglyceridemic (htg), non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. the fish oil diet decreased plasma triglycerides and vldl-apob but increased ldl-apob and ldl-cholesterol. total plasma apob concentration did not change, nor did the increased vldl-apob secretion present in these htg subjects, which, accompanied by impaired lipolysis, accounted for their elevated vldl. the fi ... | 1998 | 9507999 |
| myristic acid-rich fat raises plasma ldl by stimulating ldl production without affecting fractional clearance in gerbils fed a cholesterol-free diet. | the imbalance that develops between low-density lipoprotein (ldl) production and clearance during saturated fat consumption is responsible for expanding the circulating ldl pool. to assess the imbalance attributable to fatty acids alone, i.e., without the interaction of dietary cholesterol, the most fat-sensitive species available (the gerbil) was challenged with either a 12:0+14:0 rich-fat (high coconut, low safflower) or high 18:2 (high safflower, low coconut) fat for 4-5 wks. the plasma lipop ... | 1998 | 9482752 |
| effect of fish oil supplementation on aortic compliance in rats: role of the endothelium. | arterial compliance improves with dietary fish oils in patients with high cardiovascular risk. since fish oils alter prostaglandin metabolism and the l-arginine-nitric oxide pathway, and since compliance may be modified by vasoactive substances, the effect of the endothelium and some of its derivatives on aortic complaince were examined. rats were randomly allocated to four groups, the first of which fed only the regular chow. the remaining three groups were fed the chow supplemented by daily ga ... | 1998 | 9888209 |
| dimethylheptyl-thc-11 oic acid: a nonpsychoactive antiinflammatory agent with a cannabinoid template structure. | to assess the antiinflammatory activity of dimethylheptyl-thc-11 oic acid (dmh-11c), a nonpsychoactive synthetic derivative of tetrahydrocannabinol. | 1998 | 9433882 |
| suppressive effect of low amounts of safflower and perilla oils on diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in male f344 rats. | we have investigated the modulating effects of low amounts of dietary oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) on diethylnitrosamine (den)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in male f344 rats. a total of 112 animals were divided into eight groups. groups 1-4 were given drinking water containing 40 ppm den for five weeks. groups 5-8 served as controls without den treatment. groups 1 and 5 were fed a basal diet containing 5% beef tallow, groups 2 and 6 were fed a 5% olive oil diet, groups 3 and 7 ... | 1998 | 9631489 |
| the effect of dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the expression of cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 and levels of p21ras in rat mammary glands. | dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) promote rat mammary cancer while n-3 pufas are inhibitory. the purpose of this study was to determine whether the fats exert their effects by altering the expression of genes that affect cancer development. therefore, we have examined the effect of pufas on the expression of the cyclooxygenase (cox) 1 and 2 genes that are involved in prostaglandin biosynthesis. we also investigated the effect of dietary pufas on the expression of the p21ras protein ... | 1998 | 9635881 |
| calcium-deprived rats avoid sweet compounds. | to characterize the link between calcium status and sweet solution intake, rats fed a diet containing 25 mmol ca2+/kg (ca-25, low calcium) or 150 mmol ca2+/kg (ca-150, control) were given 48-h two-bottle tests with a choice between water and various concentrations of a nutrient (sucrose, polycose, ethanol and/or corn oil). rats fed the ca-25 diet had significantly lower sucrose intakes and preferences over the entire range tested (10-320 g/l) even though the same (experiment 1), or identically t ... | 1998 | 9649611 |
| effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids on interleukin-2 and interleukin-2 receptor alpha expression in activated murine lymphocytes. | dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) and docosahexaenoic acid (dha) suppress interleukin-2 (il-2) secretion and impair t-lymphocyte proliferation. to determine the mechanism of action, mice were fed diets containing either safflower oil (control diet enriched in linoleic acid, 18:2n-6), epa, dha or arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). splenic lymphocytes were isolated and concanavalin a-induced kinetics of il-2 and il-2 receptor alpha mrna expression were determined by relative competitive-pcr. epa and dh ... | 1998 | 9654402 |
| acute effects of dietary fatty acids on the fatty acids of human milk. | although it is known that the fatty acid profile of human milk is altered by diet, the rapidity with which this occurs has not been addressed. we hypothesized that after absorption the fatty acids of a given meal would be transferred rapidly from the chylomicrons of the blood into human milk. fourteen lactating women drank six test formulas, each containing a different fat: menhaden oil, herring oil, safflower oil, canola oil, coconut oil, or cocoa butter. the subjects collected a midfeeding mil ... | 1998 | 9459379 |
| safflower oil consumption does not increase plasma conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in humans. | conjugated linoleic acid (cla) is a mixture of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid (la) with conjugated double bonds. cla has anticarcinogenic properties and has been identified in human tissues, dairy products, meats, and certain vegetable oils. a variety of animal products are good sources of cla, but plant oils contain much less. however, plant oils are a rich source of la, which may be isomerized to cla by intestinal microorganisms in humans. to investigate the effect of triacy ... | 1998 | 9459383 |
| effect of replacing a high linoleate oil with a low linoleate, high alpha-linolenate oil, as compared with supplementing epa or dha, on reducing lipid mediator production in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | the fatty acid composition of rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) was modified by diets supplemented with a high linoleate (la) safflower oil (76% la), mixtures of eicosapentaenoate (epa) and safflower oil (epa(20) containing 20% epa and 61% la, epa(40) containing 40% epa and 46% la), mixtures of docosahexaenoate (dha) and safflower oil (dha(20) containing 20% dha and 61% la, dha(40) containing 40% dha and 46% la) or a high alpha-linolenate (alpha-lna) perilla oil (57% alpha-lna and 13% la), ... | 1998 | 9657037 |
| effect of dietary energy level and oil source on broiler performance and response to an inflammatory challenge. | broiler chicks were fed one of five diets from 3 d of age: a low energy diet containing 7% cellulose (me 2,714 kcal/kg), or high energy diets containing approximately 7% of either tallow, corn oil, safflower oil, or fish oil (each 3,302 kcal/kg). half of the chicks were injected intra-abdominally with salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (lps) on day 11, sephadex on day 13, and freund's complete adjuvant on day 15; samples were collected on day 16. the uninjected chicks served as controls. ... | 1998 | 9706093 |
| dietary fish oil diminishes lymphocyte adhesion to macrophage and endothelial cell monolayers. | to further investigate the immunomodulatory effects of dietary lipids, rats were fed on a low-fat diet or on high-fat diets that contained hydrogenated coconut, olive, safflower, evening primrose or fish oil as the principal fat source. the fish oil diet decreased the level of expression of cd2, cd11a, cd18 and cd44 on the surface of freshly prepared lymphocytes and of cd2, cd11a, cd18, cd54 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1; icam-1) and cd62l (l-selectin) on the surface of concanavalin a (con ... | 1998 | 9708190 |
| effect of dietary intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on severity of asthma in children. | we assessed the clinical and biochemical effects in asthmatic children of fish oil supplementation and a diet that increases omega-3 and reduces omega-6 fatty acids. thirty nine asthmatic children aged 8-12 yrs participated in a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial for 6 months during which they received fish oil capsules plus canola oil and margarine (omega-3 group) or safflower oil capsules plus sunflower oil and margarine (omega-6 group). plasma fatty acids, stimulated tumour necrosis f ... | 1998 | 9551739 |
| conjugated linoleic acids alter bone fatty acid composition and reduce ex vivo prostaglandin e2 biosynthesis in rats fed n-6 or n-3 fatty acids. | this study evaluated the effects of conjugated linoleic acids (cla) on tissue fatty acid composition and ex vivo prostaglandin e2 (pge2) production in rats given diets varying in n-6 and n-3 fatty acids. four groups of rats were given a basal semipurified diet (ain-93g) containing 70 g/kg of added fat for 42 d. the fat treatments were formulated to contain cla (0 vs. 10 g/kg of diet) and n-6 (soybean oil having an n-6/n-3 ratio of 7.3) and n-3 fatty acids (menhaden oil + safflower oil having an ... | 1998 | 9590630 |