Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| lysosomal enzyme activities are decreased in the retina and their circadian rhythms are different from those in the pineal gland of rats fed an alpha-linolenic acid-restricted diet. | the retinal rod outer segment (ros) is shed and digested daily by phagosomes in retinal pigment epithelial (rpe) cells. we previously observed significantly fewer large phagosomes in rats fed an alpha-linolenic acid (alna)-deficient diet. rats fed a safflower oil diet (alna-restricted) or a perilla oil diet (alna-sufficient) through two generations were adapted to a 24-h cycle with light from 0700 to 1900 h. they were killed at 0500, 0900, 1300 and 1700 h to determine the activities of four lyso ... | 2000 | 11110869 |
| effect of n-3 fatty acid deficiency on fatty acid composition and metabolism of aminophospholipids in rat brain synaptosomes. | docosahexaenoic acid (dha, 22:6n-3) is one of the major polyunsaturated fatty acids esterified predominantly in aminophospholipids such as ethanolamine glycerophospholipid (etngpl) and serine glycerophospholipid (sergpl) in the brain. synaptosomes prepared from rats fed an n-3 fatty acid-deficient safflower oil (saf) diet had significantly decreased 22:6n-3 content with a compensatory increased 22:5n-6 content when compared with rats fed an n-3 fatty acid-sufficient perilla oil (per) diet. when ... | 2000 | 11104017 |
| diurnal rhythms of retinal phospholipid synthetic enzymes are retained but their activities are decreased in rats under alpha-linolenic acid deficiency. | rats fed a safflower oil (alpha-linolenic acid (alna)-deficient) diet over the course of two generations had significantly decreased docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) and increased docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-6) contents in the major retinal phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine (pc), phosphatidylethanolamine (pe), and phosphatidylserine (ps) when compared with those fed a perilla oil (alna-sufficient) diet, but the compositions of phosphatidylinositol acyl chains were relatively unaffected. t ... | 2000 | 11097182 |
| development of leptin resistance in rat soleus muscle in response to high-fat diets. | direct evidence for leptin resistance in peripheral tissues such as skeletal muscle does not exist. therefore, we investigated the effects of different high-fat diets on lipid metabolism in isolated rat soleus muscle and specifically explored whether leptin's stimulatory effects on muscle lipid metabolism would be reduced after exposure to high-fat diets. control (cont, 12% kcal fat) and high-fat [60% kcal safflower oil (n-6) (hf-saff); 48% kcal safflower oil plus 12% fish oil (n-3)] diets were ... | 2000 | 11093926 |
| a study on the teratogenic and cytotoxic effects of safflower extract. | in recent years, the use of carthami flos (the flowers of carthamus tinctorius l.) as a coloring and flavoring agent has increased as a food additive in iran. in order to evaluate its safety, the teratogenic effects of carthami flos on the central nervous system development in mice was investigated. furthermore, its cytotoxic effect on the rat nervous cell culture was studied to complete safety evaluations. for teratogenic studies, after natural mating, pregnant mice were divided into test and c ... | 2000 | 11090999 |
| application of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in identification of lymph triacylglycerols. | atmospheric pressure chemical ionization liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used in the identification of triacylglycerol molecular species in lymph samples from rats given either a structured lipid or safflower oil. the structured lipid was mlm-type (m, medium-chain fatty acid; l, long-chain fatty acid) and manufactured from caprylic acid (8:0) and the oil (safflower oil or high-oleic sunflower oil). the triacylglycerol composition of lymph varied significantly between structured triac ... | 2000 | 11087085 |
| dietary gamma-linolenic acid in the form of borage oil causes less body fat accumulation accompanying an increase in uncoupling protein 1 mrna level in brown adipose tissue. | rats were fed a low-fat diet containing 2% safflower oil or 20% fat diets containing either safflower oil rich in linoleic acid, borage oil containing 25% gamma (gamma)-linolenic acid or enzymatically prepared gamma-linolenic acid enriched borage oil containing 47% gamma-linolenic acid for 14 days. energy intake and growth of animals were the same among groups. a high safflower oil diet compared with a low-fat diet caused significant increases in both epididymal and perirenal white adipose tissu ... | 2000 | 11079375 |
| purification and characterization of precarthamin decarboxylase from the yellow petals of carthamus tinctorius l. | carthamin, a red quinochalcone pigment in safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.), is enzymatically converted from a yellow precursor, precarthamin. the enzyme, which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of precarthamin to carthamin, was purified to apparent homogeneity from yellow petals of safflower and named precarthamin decarboxylase. the molecular mass of the denatured enzyme was estimated as 33 kda by sds-page. the molecular mass of the native enzyme was determined by gel filtration chromat ... | 2000 | 11068875 |
| induction of hepatic insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (igfbp-1) in rats by dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. | the insulin-like growth factors (igfs) are mitogenic polypeptides that have been linked to a variety of normal physiological processes as well as neoplasia. overexpression of several components of the igf system is associated with hepatocarcinogenesis in humans and rodents. in rat liver, diets rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa) enhance the development of preneoplastic lesions and tumors. therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of these dietary fatty acids on ... | 2000 | 11044255 |
| optimization of conditions for safflower cell culture and accumulation of cellicolous product tocopherols. | the culture of calli, which were induced from cotyledon of carthamus tinctorius l, was able to synthesize tocopherols. results determined by np-hplc showed that the main component was alpha-tocopherol. when 0.1% casein was added into ms medium, and 2,4-d concentration was adjucted to 0.30 mg/l and 6-ba to 1.80 mg/l, alpha-, beta- and gamma-forms of tocopherol reached 4.1706, 0.3120 and 0.1650 microg/g fresh calli, respectively. the effective tocopherol content was 4.4091 microg/g fresh calli, an ... | 1999 | 11037948 |
| effects of dietary fish oil on survival rate, plasma amino acid pattern, and inflammatory-related mediators in diabetic rats with sepsis. | this study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary fish oil on survival rates, plasma amino acid profiles, and inflammatory-related mediators in diabetic rats with sepsis. diabetes mellitus (dm) was induced in rats by streptozotocin. the dm rats were maintained for 4 weeks on medium fat (10%, w/w) diets containing either fish oil or safflower oil. after that, sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (clp). there were 2 groups in this study: fish oil sepsis group (fos) and saf ... | 2000 | 11031068 |
| dietary n-3 fatty acids affect mrna level of brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein 1, and white adipose tissue leptin and glucose transporter 4 in the rat. | we examined the effect of dietary fats rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) on mrna levels in white and brown adipose tissues in rats. four groups of rats were fed on a low-fat diet (20 g safflower oil/kg) or a high-fat diet (200 g/kg) containing safflower oil, which is rich in n-6 pufa (linoleic acid), or perilla (alpha-linolenic acid) or fish oil (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids), both of which are rich in n-3 pufa, for 21 d. energy intake was higher in rats fed on a high- ... | 2000 | 11029968 |
| dietary fish oil reduces intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and scavenger receptor expression on murine macrophages. | during atherogenesis, a pathological accumulation of lipids occurs within aortic intimal macrophages through uptake of oxidised low-density lipoprotein (ldl) via scavenger receptors. here we investigate whether some of the anti-atherosclerotic effects ascribed to dietary fish oil are mediated through effects on macrophage intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1) and scavenger receptor expression. mice were fed on a low fat diet (containing 25 g/kg corn oil) or on high fat diets containing 200 ... | 2000 | 10996338 |
| enzymatic conversion of precarthamin to carthamin by a purified enzyme from the yellow petals of safflower. | precarthamin, a yellow precursor of carthamin, was efficiently isolated from the yellow petals of safflower (carthamus tinctorius l. ) with sephadex lh-20 column chromatography and preparative hplc, and identified with uv-vis and nmr spectrometry. the uv-vis spectrum of precarthamin showed lambda(max) of 238 and 406 nm in meoh. the molar extinction coefficients of precarthamin at 406 nm in meoh and 50 mm citrate buffer (ph 5.0) were 59 000 m(-)(1) cm(-)(1) and 45 400 m(-)(1) cm(-)(1), respective ... | 2000 | 10995291 |
| quinochalcones and flavonoids from fresh florets in different cultivars of carthamus tinctorius l. | the flavonoid constituents in fresh florets of the three distinctive cultivars of carthamus tinctorius l. were purified and identified to investigate flavonoid biosynthesis in the petals. from the orange flower of cv. kenba (k.), four new compounds, anhydrosafflor yellow b (1), two kaempferols, 9 and 13, and a quercetin, 17, were isolated, as well as the twelve known compounds, and their structures were determined by spectral data, chemical reactions, and molecular mechanics calculations. from t ... | 2000 | 10993143 |
| a new flavone diglycoside from carthamus tinctorius seeds. | from the aqueous ethanol extract (ae) of carthamus tinctorius seeds, a new acacetin diglycoside has been isolated and identified as acacetin 7-o-beta-d-apiofuranosyl-(1"'-->6" instead of 6')-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside together with previously isolated kaempferol 7-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside, acacetin 7-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside and acacetin. the structures of these metabolites have been established on the basis of chemical, chromatographic and spectral methods. | 2000 | 10989844 |
| effects of dietary fat and sire breed on puberty, weight, and reproductive traits of f1 beef heifers. | prepubertal f1 heifers (n = 246; from crossbred dams bred to either hereford [h], limousin [l], or piedmontese [p] sires) were fed 1.9% (lf) or 4.4% (hf) dietary fat from 254+/-4 d of age until they reached puberty or the breeding season started. safflower seeds (37% oil with 79% linoleic acid) were the added fat source. blood samples and backfat thickness measurements were obtained from 60 randomly selected heifers representing the sire breeds and diets studied. in addition, five h-sired heifer ... | 2000 | 10985394 |
| cartorimine, a new cycloheptenone oxide derivative from carthamus tinctorius. | cartorimine (1), a new cycloheptenone oxide derivative, was isolated from carthamus tinctorius, and its structure was established from spectral data interpretation and single-crystal x-ray analysis. | 2000 | 10978219 |
| activation state alters the effect of dietary fatty acids on pro-inflammatory mediator production by murine macrophages. | studies investigating the effect of dietary fats on pro-inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages (m phis) have yielded conflicting results. we hypothesised that this may be due to the different capacities of the m phis studied commonly (resident, thioglycollate-elicited) to produce prostaglandin e(2)(pge(2)) and leukotriene b(4)(ltb(4)) which inhibit and stimulate, respectively, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta) production. to investigate this, ma ... | 2000 | 10975997 |
| effects of sesamin-supplemented dietary fat emulsions on the ex vivo production of lipopolysaccharide-induced prostanoids and tumor necrosis factor alpha in rats. | sesamin, a nonfat constituent of sesame oil, inhibits delta(5)-desaturase activity, resulting in accumulation of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (dgla), which displaces arachidonic acid (aa) and consequently decreases the formation of proinflammatory 2-series prostaglandins. | 2000 | 10966903 |
| supplementation of postmenopausal women with fish oil rich in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid is not associated with greater in vivo lipid peroxidation compared with oils rich in oleate and linoleate as assessed by plasma malondialdehyde and f(2)-isoprostanes. | although the replacement of dietary saturated fat with unsaturated fat has been advocated to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, diets high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) could increase lipid peroxidation, potentially contributing to the pathology of atherosclerosis. | 2000 | 10966889 |
| 6s,8r-stereochemistry of the c27- and c29-alkane-6,8-diols isolated from three compositae flowers. | the deltadelta (deltas-deltar) values for the c-1 methyl 1h signals in the 1h-nmr spectroscopy of the bis-mtpa esters of four synthetic stereoisomers of alkane-6,8-diols, viz., bis-mtpa esters of (6s,8r)-c27- (1a) and c29- (3a) (deltadelta = -0.05 ppm), (6r,8s)-c27- (2a) and c29- (4a) (deltadelta = +0.05 ppm), (6s,8s)-c27- (5a) (deltadelta = -0.01 ppm), and (6r,8r)-c27- (6a) (deltadelta = +0.01 ppm) alkane-6,8-diols, made it possible to differentiate unequivocally among the four stereoisomers. t ... | 2000 | 10959584 |
| dietary ratio of (n-6)/(n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids alters the fatty acid composition of bone compartments and biomarkers of bone formation in rats. | the effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) on ex vivo bone prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)) production and bone formation rate were evaluated in rats. weanling male sprague-dawley rats were fed ain-93g diet containing 70 g/kg of added fat for 42 d. the dietary lipid treatments were formulated with safflower oil and menhaden oil to provide the following ratios of (n-6)/(n-3) fatty acids: 23.8 (smi), 9.8 (smii), 2.6 (smiii), and 1.2 (smiv). ex vivo pge(2) production in liver homogenates ... | 2000 | 10958824 |
| fate of (14)c-labeled carbonyl sulfide on grains and grain fractions. | 14c-labeled carbonyl sulfide (cos) was used to measure the amount of sorbed fumigant and alteration products on grains. wheat, paddy rice, polished rice, mungbean, and safflower were exposed to a 60 mg l(-)(1) of (14)cos for 7 days and then aired for 5 days. carbonyl sulfide and/or alteration products in sugars, protein, starch, amino acids, protopectines, and hemicelluloses were undetectable. the total uptakes of radioactivity determined after fractionation and also by extraction were in the ra ... | 2000 | 10956164 |
| energy restriction dilutes the changes related to dietary fat type in membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition in rats. | to investigate liver cell membrane phospholipid (pl) fatty acid (fa) composition in response to the consumption of different types of dietary fat and graded levels of energy intake, rats were fed for 10 weeks on a diet containing either fish oil, safflower oil, or beef tallow. within each dietary fat group, subgroups were either provided free access to food or energy-restricted to 85% or 70% of the ad libitum intake by reducing the dietary carbohydrate content while keeping other macronutrient i ... | 2000 | 10954013 |
| antimutagenic and some other effects of conjugated linoleic acid. | conjugated linoleic acid (cla) is a collective term for positional and geometric isomers of octadecadienoic acid in which the double bonds are conjugated, i.e. contiguous. cla was identified as a component of milk and dairy products over 20 years ago. it is formed as an intermediate in the course of the conversion of linoleic acid to oleic acid in the rumen. the predominant naturally occurring isomer is the cis-9, trans-11 modification. treatment of linoleic acid-rich oils such as safflower oil, ... | 2000 | 10953669 |
| long-chain acyl-coa esters as indicators of lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in rat and human muscle. | long-chain acyl-coas (lcacoa) are an activated lipid species that are key metabolites in lipid metabolism; they also have a role in the regulation of other cellular processes. however, few studies have linked lcacoa content in rat and human muscle to changes in nutritional status and insulin action. fasting rats for 18 h significantly elevated the three major lcacoa species in muscle (p < 0.001), whereas high-fat feeding of rats with a safflower oil (18:2) diet produced insulin resistance and in ... | 2000 | 10950822 |
| inhibition by dietary tea polyphenols of chemical mediator release from rat peritoneal exudate cells. | male wistar rats were given purified diets containing safflower (saf), perilla (per), or palm (pal) oils with or without 1% tea polyphenols (tp) for 3 weeks, and chemical mediator releasing activity from rat peritoneal exudate cells (pec) was measured. histamine releasing activity was not influenced by tp, while histamine release and intracellular histamine content were significantly increased in the pal-fed group. on the contrary, leukotriene b4 (ltb4) release was significantly lower in rats fe ... | 2000 | 10945261 |
| superiority of dietary safflower oil over olive oil in lowering serum cholesterol and increasing hepatic mrnas for the ldl receptor and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase in exogenously hypercholesterolemic (exhc) rats. | the exogenously hypercholesterolemic (exhc) rat is a strain segregated from sd rats with a high response to dietary cholesterol. to understand the underlying mechanism(s) for this hypercholesterolemia, the interactive effects of dietary fatty acid and the susceptibility of rats to dietary cholesterol on the serum cholesterol concentration and hepatic mrna abundance of the low-density lipoprotein (ldl) receptor, cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (7alpha-hydroxylase) and 3-hydroxyl-3methylglutaryl (h ... | 2000 | 10923778 |
| dietary olive oil enhances murine lymphocyte calcium uptake. | dietary lipids enhance immune function and improve outcome from injury or infection in animal models. we tested the hypothesis that amount, type, or both, of dietary lipid increases intracellular calcium concentration, a surrogate for lymphocyte activation. | 2000 | 10912866 |
| high-fat diets affect the expression of nuclear retinoic acid receptor in rat liver. | the purpose of this study was to differentiate between the effects of the amount and the type of dietary lipids on the expression of the retinoic acid receptor (rar), but also the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (ppar) and the receptor of the 9-cis retinoic acid (retinoid x receptor (rxr)) in rat liver. six groups of eight rats (5-weeks old) were fed during 4 weeks on the following diets: control 50 g vegetable oil/kg, high-fat diet 250 g vegetable oil/kg. these oils were either cocon ... | 2000 | 10911775 |
| analysis of natural food pigments by capillary electrophoresis. | lac, cochineal, safflower, gardenia, monascus and elderberry pigments are used as food color additives in japan. these natural pigments can be analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (ce). ce has several advantages over thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, such as low capillary cost, reduced operating costs, small sample amounts, low production of waste materials and short analysis time. ce is shown to be a useful technique for the analysis of t ... | 2000 | 10890527 |
| effect of quipazine, a selective 5-ht3 agonist, on dietary self-selection of different macronutrient diets in male and female rats. | macronutrient intakes, 2h and 12h, following administration of a selective 5-ht3 agonist, quipazine, n methyl, dimaleate (quipazine; 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mg/kg, i.p.) at dark onset were examined in three groups of adult male and female wistar rats fed different sources of the three macronutrients: group 1 (casein, corn starch, safflower oil), group 2 (egg protein, corn starch/sucrose, lard) and group s (casein hydrolysate, maltose dextrin, butter). quipazine decreased total food intake only in femal ... | 2000 | 10888295 |
| cholesterol supplementation attenuates the hypocholesterolemic effect of rice bran oil in rats. | rice bran oil (rbo), when blended with safflower oil (sfo) at the ratio of 7 to 3, has been shown to lower serum cholesterol in humans consuming cholesterol. the mechanism as to how this oil blend exerts its effect is not yet clear. this study examined the effect of cholesterol supplementation on the cholesterol-lowering ability of different rbo/sfo blends. male sprague dawley rats (4 wk old) were fed purified diets containing 10% fat with or without the addition of 0.5% cholesterol for 3 wk. th ... | 2000 | 10885791 |
| regulation of ppargamma but not obese gene expression by dietary fat supplementation. | leptin, the product of the obese gene, and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (ppargamma) are important regulators of energy metabolism, adipogenesis, and immune function. in rodent models, both genes seem to respond at the mrna and/or protein levels to dietary fat consumption. to determine the effect(s) of dietary saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids on the expression (mrna abundance) of these genes, adipose tissue was obtained from pigs fed three different dietary fat source ... | 2000 | 10876099 |
| effects of conjugated linoleic acid. 2. embryonic and neonatal growth and circulating lipids. | the present study was designed to investigate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (cla) on yolk usage and circulating very low density lipoproteins (vldl) during incubation (day 15) and through 6 d post-hatch. eggs enriched with cla were obtained from hens subjected to the following treatments. group a hens served as the control group, group b hens received 1 g cla every other day, group c hens received 1 g cla every 4th d, and group d hens were sham-supplemented with 1 g safflower oil every ... | 2000 | 10875762 |
| effects of conjugated linoleic acid. 1. fatty acid modification of yolks and neonatal fatty acid metabolism. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of conjugated linoleic acids (cla) on neonatal fatty acid metabolism. in this study, layer hens (n = 40) were divided into four equal groups and subjected to the following treatments. group a served as the control group, group b received 1 g cla every other day, group c received 1 g cla every 4th d, and group d was sham-supplemented with 1 g safflower oil every other day. after 4 mo of feeding, group b hens exhibited an increase in bw and egg ... | 2000 | 10875761 |
| effects of parenteral infusion with medium-chain triglycerides and safflower oil emulsions on hepatic lipids, plasma amino acids and inflammatory mediators in septic rats. | this study was designed to investigate the effects of preinfusion with total parenteral nutrition (tpn) using medium-chain triglycerides (mct) versus safflower oil (so) emulsion as fat sources on hepatic lipids, plasma amino acid profiles, and inflammatory-related mediators in septic rats. normal rats, with internal jugular catheters, were divided into two groups and received tpn. tpn provided 300kcal/kg/day with 40% of the non-protein energy provided as fat. all tpn solutions were isonitrogenou ... | 2000 | 10867729 |
| influence of sources of dietary oils on the life span of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. | in recent studies, the life span of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (shrsp) rats was altered by a variety of dietary fats. it was relatively shorter in rats fed canola oil as the sole source of fat. the present study was performed to find out whether the fatty acid profile and the high content of sulfur compounds in canola oil could modulate the life span of shrsp rats. shrsp rats (47 d old, n = 23/group) were matched by body weight and systolic blood pressure and fed semipurified diets ... | 2000 | 10858026 |
| effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on lipid peroxidation of rat organs. | the present study was undertaken in order to reexamine the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa)-rich diet supplementation on lipid peroxidation and vitamin e status of rat organs. male wistar rats were fed a diet containing safflower or fish oil at 50 g/kg diet and an equal amount of vitamin e at 59 mg/kg diet (1.18 g/kg oil; and 1.5 g/kg pufa in safflower oil diet, and 4.3 g/kg pufa in fish oil diet) for 6 wk. fatty acid composition of total lipids of brain, liver, heart, and lung of ... | 2000 | 10858025 |
| the effects of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on the lipid composition and atherogenesis in mouse models of atherosclerosis. | despite numerous studies, the precise role of dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis remains controversial. it has been shown that feeding an n-6-enriched diet resulted in decreased atherosclerosis in african green monkeys and was associated with a reduction in ldl levels. however, other authors reported that n-6 supplementation increased the oxidative stress and the susceptibility of ldl to undergo in vitro oxidation, thus potentially enhancing atheroscle ... | 2000 | 10856520 |
| screening for antimycotic properties of 56 traditional chinese drugs. | in the present study we screened extracts of 56 widely used dried chinese medical plants or their parts (tcd) for their antimycotic properties against pathological phyla of aspergillus fumigatus, candida albicans, geotrichum candidum and rhodotorula rubra. the highest activity against aspergillus fumigatus was shown by carthamus tinctorius l. (flos) and rheum palmatum l. (radix et rhizoma) and against candida albicans, scutellaria baicalensis georgi (radix) had the highest activity. the highest ... | 2000 | 10815018 |
| increased hepatic activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rats fed on a high-fat diet. | the effects were examined of the dietary level of fat on the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) in the liver of rats. in experiment 1, rats were fed on a diet containing 5% or 20% beef tallow or safflower oil for 32 d. the animals were given a subcutaneous injection of the carcinogen, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (dmh), on d 4. the activity of hepatic inos was significantly elevated by the high-fat diet, but was unaffected by the dietary source of the fat examined. in experiment 2, rats ... | 2000 | 10803953 |
| comparative effects of perilla and fish oils on the activity and gene expression of fatty acid oxidation enzymes in rat liver. | the activity and mrna level of hepatic enzymes in fatty acid oxidation and synthesis were compared in rats fed diets containing either 15% saturated fat (palm oil), safflower oil rich in linoleic acid, perilla oil rich in alpha-linolenic acid or fish oil rich in eicosapentaenoic (epa) and docosahexaenoic acids (dha) for 15 days. the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation rate was 50% higher in rats fed perilla and fish oils than in the other groups. perilla and fish oils compared to palm and safflow ... | 2000 | 10802246 |
| pork fat and chicken fat similarly affect plasma lipoprotein metabolism in cynomolgus monkeys fed diets with adequate levels of linoleic acid. | the effects on plasma lipoprotein metabolism of replacing pork fat (pf) with chicken fat (cf) (formulated as part of currently recommended prudent diets) was evaluated in 10 male cynomolgus monkeys. monkeys were rotated through three dietary periods, (each of 10-wk duration), during which total cholesterol (tc), triacylglycerol (tg) and hdl-cholesterol (hdl-c) were measured (7, 8 and 9 wk) and in vivo lipoprotein metabolism evaluated (after 9 wk). initially, all monkeys were fed a high-fat, high ... | 2000 | 10801922 |
| dietary n-3 fatty acid deficiency decreases nerve growth factor content in rat hippocampus. | dietary deprivation of alpha-linolenic acid (n-3) through two generations has been shown to lower performance in an operant-type brightness-discrimination learning test in rats. here, we examined a possible correlation between nerve growth factor (ngf) content and n-3 fatty acid status in the brain. female rats were fed a semipurified diet supplemented with safflower oil (n-3 fatty acid-deficient) and their offsprings were fed a diet supplemented with either 3% safflower oil (saf group) or a mix ... | 2000 | 10793236 |
| different preferences for oils with similar fatty acid profiles. | while preference for fat can be influenced by concentration and physical form, the influence of fatty acid composition on relative preference for oils has not been systematically investigated. therefore, the purpose of the present investigation was to assess the relative preference for oils rich in oleic (extra light olive oil and extra virgin olive oil) and linoleic (safflower oil) acid. male fischer rats (n = 10) were used to determine preference in a two-choice testing procedure in which thre ... | 2000 | 10764907 |
| effects of parenteral infusion with fish-oil or safflower-oil emulsion on hepatic lipids, plasma amino acids, and inflammatory mediators in septic rats. | this study was designed to investigate the effects of preinfusion with total parenteral nutrition (tpn) using fish-oil (fo) versus safflower-oil (so) emulsion as fat sources on hepatic lipids, plasma amino-acid profiles, and inflammatory-related mediators in septic rats. normal rats, with internal jugular catheters, were assigned to two different groups and received tpn. tpn provided 300 kcal. kg(-1). d(-1), with 40% of the non-protein energy as fat. all tpn solutions were isonitrogenous and ide ... | 2000 | 10758365 |
| high-fat diets suppress cd3 and cd25 expression on the surface of murine lymphocytes. | to determine the effects of dietary fats on surface antigen expression, we tested the effects of amount and type of dietary fat on murine lymphocytes. mice were fed diets with 12 en%, 23 en%, or 47 en% fat containing coconut, olive, safflower, or linseed oil. after 2 wk of ad libitum feeding, the mice were killed and splenic lymphocytes were harvested. lymphocytes were incubated with fluorescent-tagged monoclonal antibodies and assayed for mean and total surface expression using flow cytometry. ... | 2000 | 10758364 |
| modulation of murine mammary tumor vasculature by dietary n-3 fatty acids in fish oil. | we have previously shown that mice fed a high (n-3) fatty acid-containing diet with 20% (w/w) total fat had significantly slower mammary tumor growth, decreased numbers of metastatic pulmonary nodules, and decreased total metastatic load. in this study we sought to determine whether tumor vascularization was altered in mice fed diets varying in concentrations of (n-3) and (n-6) fatty acids. several direct or indirect parameters of vascularization were tested. with 20% dietary fat, fish oil (fo) ... | 2000 | 10755393 |
| characterization of the total free radical scavenger capacity of vegetable oils and oil fractions using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical. | the total free radical scavenger capacity (rsc) of 57 edible oils from different sources was studied: olive (24 brands of oils), sunflower (6), safflower (2), rapeseed (3), soybean (3), linseed (2), corn (3), hazelnut (2), walnut (2), sesame (2), almond (2), mixture of oils for salad (2), "dietetic" oil (2), and peanut (2). olive oils were also studied according to their geographical origins (france, greece, italy, morocco, spain, and turkey). rsc was determined spectrophotometrically by measuri ... | 2000 | 10725129 |
| serum lipid concentrations and mean life span are modulated by dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in the senescence-accelerated mouse. | the senescence-accelerated mouse (samp8) is an animal model used in studies of aging. this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of dietary pufa on longevity (experiment 1) and serum lipid concentrations (experiment 2) in samp8 mice. male mice were fed either an (n-3) pufa-rich (9 g/100 g perilla oil) or an (n-6) pufa-rich (9 g/100 g safflower oil) diet beginning at 6 wk of age. experiment 1: the groups did not differ in body weight gain, but those fed perilla oil had significantly low ... | 2000 | 10720173 |
| nutritional quality and the presence of anti-nutritional factors in leaf protein concentrates (lpc). | leaf protein concentrates were prepared from 25 different plant species. the concentrates contained acceptable levels of all essential amino acids; except methionine which was limiting with chemical scores ranging between 13.5-96%. lpcs from sesbania, nebergrass, lufa and sweet pepper were lethal to the rats. per ranged between 0.28 for safflower lpc up to 1.95 for rape. positive nitrogen balance was obtained with diets based on lpcs with mean values ranging between 6.4 and 22.42 mg n per day. t ... | 1999 | 10719564 |
| decreased production of interleukin-6 and prostaglandin e2 associated with inhibition of delta-5 desaturation of omega6 fatty acids in mice fed safflower oil diets supplemented with sesamol. | the differences in the immune responses in mice fed sesame oil diets and those fed sesamin may be attributed to the presence of other lignans in the non-fat portion of the oil. the fatty acid composition (mean +/- sd mol. %) of liver membrane phospholipids and the levels of endotoxin-induced prostaglandin (pg) e2, interleukin (il)-6, il-10, il-12 and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha were determined in mice fed diets supplemented with 5% safflower oil (so) in the absence or presence of 1% sesamo ... | 1999 | 10718106 |
| effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in early renal insufficiency in dogs. | dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) alters the course of experimental kidney disease in dogs. in particular, supplementation with omega-6 pufas hastens the decline of kidney function, and omega-3 pufas are renoprotective. we investigated the early stages of renal insufficiency to determine whether pufa supplementation altered the magnitude of hypercholesterolemia or glomerular hemodynamics. two months after 11/12 nephrectomy, dogs were randomly divided into three gro ... | 2000 | 10711867 |
| the eicosapentaenoic to docosahexaenoic acid ratio of diets affects the pathogenesis of arthritis in lew/ssn rats. | dietary-induced changes in tissue levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids modify inflammatory reactions through changes in the synthesis of lipid and peptide mediators of inflammation. four semipurified 20% fat diets, based on beef tallow (bt), safflower oil (sfo), docosahexaenoic acid (dha) and eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) were provided. the dha and epa ratios of the (n-3) fatty acid-based diets were 1.1 and 3.4, respectively. the effect of prefeeding diets differing in epa to dha ratios prior to ... | 2000 | 10702585 |
| attenuation of alcohol-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes in rat livers by polyenylphosphatidylcholine (ppc). | alcohol consumption increases apoptosis of hepatocytes. this effect appears to be mediated by the induction of hepatic cytochrome p-4502e1(cyp2e1) and its generation of free radicals, which results in an enhanced lipid peroxidation that initiates apoptosis. because polyenylphosphatidylcholine (ppc), a soybean extract rich in polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines, decreases the induction of ethanol-specific cyp2e1 and opposes oxidative stress, we hypothesized that ppc supplementation may attenuate ... | 2000 | 10698373 |
| polyenylphosphatidylcholine protects against alcohol but not iron-induced oxidative stress in the liver. | we reported before that, in baboons, the alcohol-induced oxidative stress in the liver is associated with depletion of dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine [the major component of polyenylphosphatidylcholine (ppc)] and that both can be corrected by the administration of ppc, but we did not determine whether this protection extended to iron-induced oxidative stress. | 2000 | 10698372 |
| unsaturated fatty acid feeding prevents the development of acute hepatitis in long-evans cinnamon (lec) rats. | to investigate the effects of dietary alpha-linolenic acid (18:3, n-3; alpha-lna) and linoleic acid (18:2, n-6; la) on the development of hereditary hepatitis, we compared incidences and grades of acute hepatitis between the long-evans cinnamon (lec) rats fed with safflower oil-supplemented diet and perilla oil-supplemented diet. both safflower and perilla oil supplemented diets reduced the incidence of hepatitis and significantly prolonged its onset as compared to the non-supplemented conventio ... | 1999 | 10697529 |
| encapsulated fish oil enriched in alpha-tocopherol alters plasma phospholipid and mononuclear cell fatty acid compositions but not mononuclear cell functions. | several studies have reported that dietary fish oil (fo) supplementation alters cytokine production and other functional activities of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). however, few of these studies have been placebo controlled and few have related the functional changes to alterations in pbmc fatty acid composition | 2000 | 10692004 |
| depletion of dietary n-3 fatty acid affects the level of cyclic amp in rat hippocampus. | prolonged depletion of dietary n-3 fatty acid induces a neurological disturbance. to ascertain the deficit of neurotransmission at the time of n-3 deficiency, the concentrations of camp and inositol triphosphate, and the activities of protein kinases a and c were examined in vitro in rat hippocampus. furthermore, the saturation binding study of [3h]quinuclidinyl benzilate, a specific antagonist to muscarinic cholinergic receptor, was performed. rats were fed a safflower oil diet as the deficient ... | 1999 | 10683814 |
| effect of the fat/carbohydrate ratio in the diet on obesity and oral glucose tolerance in c57bl/6j mice. | to study whether consumed dietary fat has a linear relationship or a threshold with glycemic controls, female c57bl/6j mice were fed different levels of a safflower oil (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60% of total energy) diet ad libitum for 15 wk. food intake, body weight, parametrial white adipose tissue (wat) and liver weight were measured, and oral glucose tolerance tests were conducted. although there was no significant difference in average energy intake, graded increments of safflower oil result ... | 1999 | 10683810 |
| foods contributing to absolute intake and variance in intake of selected vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber in middle-aged japanese. | using 351 one-day weighted diet records, we selected foods providing vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber according to contribution analysis (ca) and multiple regression analysis (mra). vitamin c was supplied by various vegetables and fruits, and carotene was specifically derived from green-yellow vegetables based on mra as well as ca. vitamin a was provided by green-yellow vegetables, fruits, chicken egg and milk (whole) according to ca; whereas chicken liver and pork liver were major sources a ... | 1999 | 10683805 |
| [the effect of palm oil and safflower oil in the feed of parent fattening hens on fertility, hatchability and growth of progeny]. | the aim of two experiments with broiler breeder hens was to evaluate the effect of diets containing palm butter or safflower oil (25 g and 50 g/kg feed, resp.) on fertility, hatchability and growth of progeny. especially the incorporation of oleic and linoleic acid in egg yolk reflected the dietary fatty acid source. eggs were collected and stored in the incubator at a hen age of 31, 40, 50, and 60 weeks. hatched chicks were reared over 5 weeks. the number of fertile eggs (experiment 1 and 2, 75 ... | 1999 | 10674173 |
| high fat diet elevates the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced aberrant crypt foci in colon of rats. | rats were examined for the effect of dietary level of fat (beef tallow or safflower oil) on colonic activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) which has been suggested to be associated with colon carcinogenesis. in experiment 1, feeding high fat diets (20%) for 3 weeks caused higher activity of the inos compared to feeding low fat diets (5%). in experiment 2, rats were fed 20% or 5% beef tallow diet for 11 or 32 days, and given an injection of a carcinogen, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine on day 4 ... | 2000 | 10671692 |
| energy utilisation of carbohydrate, fat and protein sources in newly hatched broiler chicks. | 1. tme, tmen and metabolisability (tme/gross energy) of energy-yielding foodstuffs were determined in 1, 3 and 10 d old broiler chicks, using the assay method developed by murakami et al. (1994), in order to characterise energy utilisation during the 10 d after hatching. 2. tme, tmen and metabolisability of dextrin and starch were low in chicks aged 1 d, and increased with age up to 10 d. energy values of glucose and maltose at days 1 and 3 could not be determined because of the sudden death of ... | 1999 | 10670678 |
| dietary fats affect macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity towards tumour cells. | in the present study, the effects of feeding mice diets of different fatty acid compositions on the production of tnf-alpha and nitric oxide by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated peritoneal macrophages and on macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity towards l929 and p815 cells were investigated. c57bl6 mice were fed on a low-fat (lf) diet or on high-fat diets (21% fat by weight), which included coconut oil (co), olive oil (oo), safflower oil (so) or fish oil (fo) as the principal fat source. the fatty acid c ... | 2000 | 10651928 |
| safflower petals: a source of gamma linolenic acid. | safflower petals have been shown to have a lot of medicinal and therapeutic values. indian safflower petal samples were analyzed for the red pigment carthamin, protein and oil contents. the petal oil (4.0-5.8%) was further analyzed for its fatty acids followed by alpha linolenic acid (15-19%) and palmitic acids (14-16%). gamma linolenic acid, which has a lot of therapeutic value was present to an extent of 2-3%; decanoic and dodecanoic acids (2-5%) were also present. | 1999 | 10646633 |
| health benefits of rice bran oil. | although scientific evidence is relatively limited, rice bran oil (rbo) is tenaciously believed to be a healthy vegetable oil in asian countries. it exerts hypocholesterolemic activity in relation to more commonly used vegetable oils and is characterized by a relatively high content of non-fatty acid components, some of which are known to have beneficial health effects. components specific for rbo such as gamma-oryzanol and tocotrienols could participate in its hypocholesterolemic effects. in ad ... | 1999 | 10625933 |
| dietary n-3 fatty acid restriction during gestation in rats: neuronal cell body and growth-cone fatty acids. | growth cones are membrane-rich structures found at the distal end of growing axons and are the predecessors of the synaptic membranes of nerve endings. this study examined whether n-3 fatty acid restriction during gestation in rats alters the composition of growth cone and neuronal cell body membrane fatty acids in newborns. female rats were fed a standard control diet containing soy oil (8% of fatty acids as 18:3n-3 by wt) or a semisynthetic n-3 fatty acid-deficient diet with safflower oil (0.3 ... | 2000 | 10617988 |
| dietary docosahexaenoic acid ameliorates, but rapeseed oil and safflower oil accelerate renal injury in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats as compared with soybean oil, which is associated with expression for renal transforming growth factor-beta, fibronectin and renin. | we have noted that n-3 fatty acid-rich oils, such as fish oil, perilla oil and flaxseed oil as well as ethyl docosahexaenoate (dha) prolonged the survival time of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (shrsp) rats by approximately 10% as compared with linoleate (n-6)-rich safflower oil. rapeseed oil with a relatively low n-6/n-3 ratio unusually shortened the survival time by approximately 40%, suggesting the presence of minor components unfavorable to shrsp rats. this study examined the e ... | 2000 | 10601699 |
| cloning, expression, and fatty acid regulation of the human delta-5 desaturase. | arachidonic (20:4(n-6)), eicosapentaenoic (20:5(n-3)), and docosahexaenoic (22:6(n-3)) acids are major components of brain and retina phospholipids, substrates for eicosanoid production, and regulators of nuclear transcription factors. one of the two rate-limiting steps in the production of these polyenoic fatty acids is the desaturation of 20:3(n-6) and 20:4(n-3) by delta-5 desaturase. this report describes the cloning and expression of the human delta-5 desaturase, and it compares the structur ... | 1999 | 10601301 |
| strength training does not alter the effects of testosterone propionate injections on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. | the purpose of the study was to examine the long-term effects of a high-volume strength training program (vertical ladder climbing) and testosterone propionate injections (intraperitoneal) on serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in male sprague-dawley rats. the animals were randomly divided into a testosterone (t)-treated group (dose per injection, 2.5 mg/kg testosterone propionate solubilized in 1 ml safflower oil) and a control (c) group (injected with an isovolumic amount of safflower o ... | 1999 | 10599978 |
| modulation of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in murine salivary gland by dietary fatty acid ethyl esters. | the present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of n-9, n-6, and n-3 dietary fatty acid ethyl esters on basal (uninduced) and fe2+/ascorbate (induced) lipid peroxidation (lpo) in salivary gland (sg) of mice. feeding n-3 ethyl ester polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) increased the uninduced and induced lpo in sg homogenates. in contrast, feeding olive oil ethyl esters (n-9) significantly lowered the induced and uninduced lpo in sg tissue. salivary gland susceptibility to lpo increased ... | 1999 | 10597892 |
| regulation of mevalonate synthesis in low density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice fed n-3 or n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (hmg)-coa reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, catalyzes the formation of mevalonate which is also required for cell proliferation. changes in hmg-coa reductase may mediate the differential effects of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) on experimental mammary tumorigenesis, but the mechanisms by which these fatty acids regulate hmg-coa reductase are unclear. to determine whether the low density lipoprotein receptor (ldl-r) is req ... | 1999 | 10580331 |
| lipidemic effects of an interesterified mixture of butter, medium-chain triacylglycerol and safflower oils. | the objective of this study was to determine if the positional structure of dietary triacylglycerol affected lipidemic responses. thirty healthy adults (16 men and 14 postmenopausal women) with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c) concentrations >3.37 mm (130 mg/dl) enrolled in a prospective, single-blind, cross-over outpatient clinical trial that consisted of two 5-wk dietary phases. after baseline screening, subjects were instructed to follow individualized meal plans (weight maintenanc ... | 1999 | 10574652 |
| effects of roasting on pyrazine contents and oxidative stability of red pepper seed oil prior to its extraction. | red pepper seeds were roasted with constant stirring for 6, 9, 10, and 12 min at 210 degrees c, and oils were extracted from the roasted red pepper seeds using an expeller. the iodine values and fatty acid compositions of red pepper seed oils did not change with roasting time. the fatty acid composition of the oil obtained from the red pepper seeds roasted for 6 min was 0.24% myristic acid, 13. 42% palmitic acid, 0.33% palmitoleic acid, 2.07% stearic acid, 10. 18% oleic acid, 73.89% linoleic aci ... | 1999 | 10564041 |
| dietary phospholipid-dependent reductions in gene expression and activity of liver enzymes in fatty acid synthesis in fasted-refed rats. | the effects of dietary soybean phospholipid, its hydrogenation product and safflower phospholipid on gene expression and the activity of hepatic enzymes in fatty acid biosynthesis were examined in fasted-refed rats. phospholipid composition of soybean phospholipid and its hydrogenation product were the same, but the hydrogenation product contained negligible amounts of unsaturated fatty acids. among phospholipid classes, lysophosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol proportions were slightly ... | 1999 | 10524348 |
| consumption of fish oil leads to prompt incorporation of eicosapentaenoic acid into colonic mucosa of patients prior to surgery for colorectal cancer, but has no detectable effect on epithelial cytokinetics. | fish oil (fo) was previously reported to partially normalize colorectal crypt cell cytokinetics in patients with colorectal neoplasms. we determined the effect of fo on the fatty acid composition of colonic mucosa and mesenteric adipose tissue and on rectal crypt cell proliferation in patients undergoing surgery for colonic carcinoma. patients (49-28 males; 21 females) were randomly assigned to consume fo capsules (2 g b.d.; fo group) containing 1.4 g eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) and 1.0 g docosa ... | 1999 | 10498759 |
| long-term n-3 fatty acid deficiency induces no substantial change in the rate of protein synthesis in rat brain and liver. | the influence of long-term n-3 fatty acid deficiency on the rate of protein synthesis in rat brain and liver was investigated in relation to learning behavior or a presumed survival time-shortening factor (ssf) in rapeseed oil, using a large-dose [3h]phenylalanine (phe) injection method. when wistar rats were made n-3 fatty acid-deficient by feeding a safflower oil (alpha-linolenate-deficient) diet for 2 generations, conditions under which the safflower oil group had been shown to exhibit altere ... | 1999 | 10480312 |
| essential fatty acids in health and chronic disease. | human beings evolved consuming a diet that contained about equal amounts of n-3 and n-6 essential fatty acids. over the past 100-150 y there has been an enormous increase in the consumption of n-6 fatty acids due to the increased intake of vegetable oils from corn, sunflower seeds, safflower seeds, cottonseed, and soybeans. today, in western diets, the ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids ranges from approximately 20-30:1 instead of the traditional range of 1-2:1. studies indicate that a high intake ... | 1999 | 10479232 |
| effect of dietary lipids on phospholipase d activity in rat brain. | phospholipase d (pld) is emerging as a major player in many novel signaling pathways. based on recent studies correlating membrane composition with enzyme function, we speculated that feeding of dietary lipids to the newborns has a major impact on brain pld activity. to test this hypothesis, the rat dams were fed fat-free powder containing either safflower oil or fish oil, and a control powdered chow. the pups were weaned onto the diet and sacrificed at 30 days of age. pld activity was measured ... | 1999 | 10478935 |
| the effects of a dietary oxidized oil on lipid metabolism in rats. | this study was carried out to investigate the effects of a dietary oxidized oil on lipid metabolism in rats, particularly the desaturation of fatty acids. two groups of rats were fed initially for a period of 35 d diets containing 10% of either fresh oil or thermally treated oil (150 degrees c, 6 d). the dietary fats used were markedly different for lipid peroxidation products (peroxide value: 94.5 vs. 3.1 meq o2/kg; thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances: 230 vs. 7 micromol/kg) but were equali ... | 1999 | 10478930 |
| fish oil feeding decreases mature sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (srebp-1) by down-regulation of srebp-1c mrna in mouse liver. a possible mechanism for down-regulation of lipogenic enzyme mrnas. | dietary fish oil induces hepatic peroxisomal and microsomal fatty acid oxidation by peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor alpha activation, whereas it down-regulates lipogenic gene expression by unknown mechanism(s). because sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (srebps) up-regulated lipogenic genes, investigation was made on the effects of fish oil feeding on srebps and sterol regulatory element (sre)-dependent gene expression in c57bl/6j mice. three forms of srebps, srebp-1a, -1c, an ... | 1999 | 10464332 |
| effects of prepartum supplementary fat and muscle hypertrophy genotype on cold tolerance in newborn calves. | effects of feeding pregnant dams supplemental dietary fat during the last 55 d of gestation on cold tolerance of newborn crossbred calves with (piedmontese cross, p, n = 15) or without (hereford cross, h, n = 16) the muscle hypertrophy allele was determined. primiparous f1 dams gestating f2 calves of the respective breeds were assigned randomly within breed to receive gestation diets containing either 2.2 (low fat; lf) or 5.1% fat (high fat; hf). safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) seeds contain ... | 1999 | 10462003 |
| effect of dietary fats differing in degree of unsaturation on gene expression in rat adipose tissue. | to test the possibility that the type of dietary fat affects the expression of proteins involved in adipose tissue metabolism, levels of mrna for lipoprotein lipase, leptin, glucose transporter 4, and uncoupling protein in adipose tissues were compared among rats fed a low-fat diet (2% safflower oil), and high-fat diets containing 20% saturated fat (palm oil) or unsaturated fat rich in linoleic acid (safflower oil) for 3 weeks. high-fat diets decreased the lipoprotein lipase mrna level in epidid ... | 1999 | 10436307 |
| effects of aflatoxin b1 on the hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase system during phenobarbital and benzo(a)pyrene treatment in chickens. | administration of 1.5 mg aflatoxin b1 (afb1)/kg in dmso as a single i.p. dose to 80 mg phenobarbital/kg i.p. for 3 d pretreated chickens showed significant decrease in the levels of electron transport components and drug metabolizing enzymes compared to phenobarbital administration alone. induction of mixed function oxidase enzymes due to phenobarbital was not affected by the afb1 pretreatment. afb1 administration to 20 mg benzo(a)pyrene/kg in safflower seed oil i.p. for 2 d pretreated chickens ... | 1999 | 10434373 |
| dietary conjugated linoleic acids alter serum igf-i and igf binding protein concentrations and reduce bone formation in rats fed (n-6) or (n-3) fatty acids. | a study was designed to examine the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (cla) on serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) and igf binding proteins (igfbp) and the relationship of these factors to bone metabolism. weanling male rats were fed ain-93g diet containing 70 g/kg of added fat for 42 days. treatments included 0 g/kg or 10 g/kg of cla and soybean oil (sbo) or menhaden oil + safflower oil (mso) following a 2 x 2 factorial design. serum igfbp was influenced by di ... | 1999 | 10404015 |
| correlation of neomycin, faecal neutral and acid sterols with colon carcinogenesis in rats. | high fat diets have been implicated in incidence of colon cancer both in epidemiological and animal studies. present investigation deals with the incidence, location and numbers of large and small bowel tumours induced by 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (dmh) in rats fed high fat diets and neomycin. neomycin was used to modify the faecal sterol metabolism and the relationship of the high fat diet and faecal neutral and acid sterols to the large bowel tumorigenesis was evaluated. dmh administered rats wer ... | 1999 | 10376962 |
| effects of gammalinolenic acid on interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion by stimulated human peripheral blood monocytes: studies in vitro and in vivo. | oils enriched in gammalinolenic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, reduce joint pain and swelling in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. the cytokines interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha appear to contribute directly to joint tissue damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. agents designed to interfere with the actions of interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha are being used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. | 1999 | 10361385 |
| identification of carcinogens in cooking oil fumes. | according to earlier studies, fumes from cooking oils were found to be genotoxic in several short-term tests such as the ames test, sister chromatid exchange, and sos chromotest. fume samples from six different commercial cooking oils (safflower, olive, coconut, mustard, vegetable, and corn) frequently used in taiwan were collected. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) were extracted from the air samples and identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and confirmed by gas chromatogra ... | 1999 | 10361022 |
| plasma clearance of chylomicrons from butterfat is not dependent on saturation: studies with butterfat fractions and other fats containing triacylglycerols with low or high melting points. | dietary fats influence plasma lipids, and changes in the clearance and metabolism of postprandial lipoproteins can affect atherosclerosis. butterfat is considered hypercholesterolemic but contains a multitude of constituent fatty acids. | 1999 | 10357733 |
| temporal effects of testosterone propionate injections on serum lipoprotein concentrations in rats. | the chronic abuse of androgenic anabolic steroids, a group of synthetic derivatives of testosterone, to improve athletic performance have demonstrated compromised serum lipoprotein concentrations reflecting an elevated risk for cardiovascular disease. while the detrimental alterations in the lipoprotein profile have been reported consistently for orally administered androgenic anabolic steroids, the reports examining the effects of parenteral administration of testosterone upon the lipid profile ... | 1999 | 10331885 |
| effects of feeding beef females supplemental fat during gestation on cold tolerance in newborn calves. | effects of prepartum fat supplementation of the dam on cold tolerance of calves were determined in two studies. in exp. 1, 22 f1, crossbred heifers gestating f2 calves received diets containing either 1.7 or 4.7% dietary fat starting at d 230+/-2d of gestation. safflower seeds (carthamus tinctorius) containing 37% oil with 79% linoleic acid were the supplemental fat source in isocaloric-isonitrogenous diets. calves were separated from their dams at birth, fed pooled dairy-cow colostrum, muzzled ... | 1999 | 10328345 |
| dietary lipids modify the cytokine response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in mice. | to investigate the effect of dietary lipids with different fatty acid compositions upon the in vivo cytokine response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps), mice were fed for 5 weeks on a low-fat diet or on one of four high-fat diets that contained 20%, by weight, of coconut oil (co), olive oil (oo), safflower oil (so) or fish oil (fo). the mice were injected intraperitoneally with a non-lethal dose of escherichia coli lps (100 micrograms/20 g body weight) and killed 90 or 180 min later. plasma ... | 1999 | 10233721 |
| effect of dietary alpha-linolenic acid on thrombotic risk factors in vegetarian men. | vegetarians have lower platelet and plasma concentrations of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) than do omnivores. we recently showed that male vegetarians have higher platelet aggregability than do omnivores. | 1999 | 10232625 |
| effects of castor oil on lipid metabolism in rats. | weanling rats were given diets contained castor oil (cao-diet), coconut oil (co-diet), or high-oleic safflower oil (ho-diet) each 10% (wt). no growth retardations were observed on the cao-diets. the cao-diet group showed significantly lower serum cholesterol and hepatic triacylglycerols than the ho-diet group. ricinoleic acid was found at an extremely low level in perirenal adipose tissue. | 1999 | 10227151 |
| serotonin derivative, n-(p-coumaroyl)serotonin, isolated from safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) oil cake augments the proliferation of normal human and mouse fibroblasts in synergy with basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf) or epidermal growth factor (egf). | n-(p-coumaroyl)serotonin (cs) with antioxidative activity is present in safflower oil. we have reported that cs inhibits proinflammatory cytokine generation from human monocytes in vitro. as reactive oxygen species (ros) affect cell proliferation, in this study the effect of cs on the proliferation of various cell types was examined. cs augments the proliferation of normal human and mouse fibroblast cells. the cells continue to proliferate in the presence of cs and form a transformed cell-like f ... | 1999 | 10220583 |
| alcohol-induced pancreatic oxidative stress: protection by phospholipid repletion. | oxidative stress is considered to be a forerunner of pancreatitis. since we had found polyenylphosphatidylcholine, a mixture of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines extracted from soybeans, to protect against hepatic oxidative stress, we now tested its effects on the pancreas. sprague-dawley rats were pair-fed for two months nutritionally adequate liquid diet containing ethanol (36% of energy) or isocaloric carbohydrate, with either polyenylphosphatidylcholine (3 g/1000 kcal) or safflower oil, w ... | 1999 | 10218649 |
| up-regulation of liver uncoupling protein-2 mrna by either fish oil feeding or fibrate administration in mice. | fish oil feeding showed less obesity in rodents, relative to other dietary oils. n-3 fatty acids rich in fish oil and fibrate compounds are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (pparalpha) ligands that stimulate beta-oxidation of fatty acids in liver and are used for treatment of hypertriglycemic patients. since ucp-2, a member of an uncoupling protein family, has been shown to express in hepatocytes, the effects of these agents on the expression of ucp2 mrna were investigated. c57bl ... | 1999 | 10208878 |