Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| untranslatable tospoviral nss fragment coupled with l conserved region enhances transgenic resistance against the homologous virus and a serologically unrelated tospovirus. | tospoviruses cause severe damages to important crops worldwide. in this study, nicotiana benthamiana transgenic lines carrying individual untranslatable constructs comprised of the conserved region of the l gene (denoted as l), the 5' half of nss coding sequence (nss) or the antisense fragment of whole n coding sequence (n) of watermelon silver mottle virus (wsmov), individually or in combination, were generated. a total of 15-17 transgenic n. benthamiana lines carrying individual transgenes wer ... | 2015 | 25721329 |
| cloning and functional validation of molybdenum cofactor sulfurase gene from ammopiptanthus nanus. | the molybdenum cofactor sulfurase gene ( anmcsu ) was cloned from xerophytic desert plant ammopiptanthus nanus and validated for its function of tolerance toward abiotic stresses by heterologous expression in arabidopsis thaliana. molybdenum cofactor sulfurase participates in catalyzing biosynthesis of abscisic acid, which plays a crucial role in the response of plants to abiotic stresses. in this study, we cloned molybdenum cofactor sulfurase gene (anmcsu) from a super-xerophytic desert plant, ... | 2015 | 25721201 |
| lotus japonicus clathrin heavy chain1 is associated with rho-like gtpase rop6 and involved in nodule formation. | mechanisms underlying nodulation factor signaling downstream of the nodulation factor receptors (nfrs) have not been fully characterized. in this study, clathrin heavy chain1 (chc1) was shown to interact with the rho-like gtpase rop6, an interaction partner of nfr5 in lotus japonicus. the chc1 gene was found to be expressed constitutively in all plant tissues and induced in mesorhizobium loti-infected root hairs and nodule primordia. when expressed in leaves of nicotiana benthamiana, chc1 and ro ... | 2015 | 25717037 |
| plant cell death caused by fungal, bacterial, and viral elicitors: protective effect of mitochondria-targeted quinones. | chitosan (partially deacetylated chitin), a component of fungal cell walls, caused epidermal cell (ec) death in the leaves of pea (pisum sativum l.) and tobacco nicotiana tabacum or nicotiana benthamiana detected by destruction of cell nuclei. the mitochondria-targeted quinone skq1 prevented the destruction of ec nuclei induced by chitosan. chitosan increased and skq1 suppressed the activity of protein kinases in n. benthamiana and p. sativum and eliminated the effect of chitosan. chitosan induc ... | 2014 | 25716725 |
| tomato sobir1/evr homologs are involved in elicitin perception and plant defense against the oomycete pathogen phytophthora parasitica. | during host-pathogen interactions, pattern recognition receptors form complexes with proteins, such as receptor-like kinases, to elicit pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (pti), an evolutionarily conserved plant defense program. however, little is known about the components of the receptor complex, as are the molecular events leading to pti induced by the oomycete phytophthora pathogen. here, we demonstrate that tomato (solanum lycopersicum) slsobir1 and slsobir1-like genes ... | 2015 | 25710821 |
| the npr1 homolog ghnpr1 plays an important role in the defense response of gladiolus hybridus. | ghnpr1 shares similar functions as arabidopsis npr1 . silencing of ghnpr1 in gladiolus results in an enhanced susceptibility to curvularia gladioli. we propose that ghnpr1 plays important roles in plant immunity. gladiolus plants and corms are susceptible to various types of pathogens including fungi, bacteria and viruses. understanding the innate defense mechanism in gladiolus is a prerequisite for the development of new protection strategies. the non-expressor of pathogenesis-related gene 1 (n ... | 2015 | 25708873 |
| heterologous replicase driven 3' end repair of cucumber mosaic virus satellite rna. | to investigate the extent of the 3' end repair in a satellite rna of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) strain q (q(sat)) by a heterologous tomato aspermy virus (tav), a set of biologically active agrotransformants corresponding to the three genomic rnas of tav was developed. analysis of nicotiana benthamiana plants agroinfiltrated with tav and either wild type or each of the six 3' deletion mutants of q(sat) revealed that (i) heterologous replicase failed to generate q(sat) multimers, a hallmark featu ... | 2015 | 25705791 |
| petal loss, a trihelix transcription factor that represses growth in arabidopsis thaliana, binds the energy-sensing snrk1 kinase akin10. | organogenesis in plants involves differential growth. rapidly growing primordia are distinguished from the meristem and each other by slower growing boundaries. petal loss (ptl) is a trihelix transcription factor of arabidopsis that represses growth in boundaries between newly arising sepals. to identify partners involved in this growth limitation, a young inflorescence cdna library was screened by yeast two-hybrid technology with ptl as bait. the most frequent prey identified was akin10, the ca ... | 2015 | 25697797 |
| the type iii effector avrbs2 in xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola suppresses rice immunity and promotes disease development. | xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, the causal agent of bacterial leaf streak, is one of the most important bacterial pathogens in rice. however, little is known about the functions of individual type iii effectors in virulence and pathogenicity of x. oryzae pv. oryzicola. here, we examined the effect of the mutations of 23 putative nontranscription activator-like effector genes on x. oryzae pv. oryzicola virulence. the avrbs2 knock-out mutant was significantly attenuated in virulence to rice. in ... | 2015 | 25688911 |
| plant-made vaccines against west nile virus are potent, safe, and economically feasible. | the threat of west nile virus (wnv) epidemics with increasingly severe neuroinvasive infections demands the development and licensing of effective vaccines. to date, vaccine candidates based on inactivated, live-attenuated, or chimeric virus, and viral dna and wnv protein subunits have been developed. some have been approved for veterinary use or are under clinical investigation, yet no vaccine has been licensed for human use. reaching the milestone of a commercialized human vaccine, however, ma ... | 2015 | 25676782 |
| aboveground insect infestation attenuates belowground agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. | agrobacterium tumefaciens causes crown gall disease. although agrobacterium can be popularly used for genetic engineering, the influence of aboveground insect infestation on agrobacterium induced gall formation has not been investigated. nicotiana benthamiana leaves were exposed to a sucking insect (whitefly) infestation and benzothiadiazole (bth) for 7 d, and these exposed plants were inoculated with a tumorigenic agrobacterium strain. we evaluated, both in planta and in vitro, how whitefly inf ... | 2015 | 25676198 |
| ageratum enation virus-a begomovirus of weeds with the potential to infect crops. | samples of two ageratum conyzoides, one sonchus oleraceus and one turnip (brassica rapa var. rapa) exhibiting virus-like symptoms were collected from pakistan and nepal. full-length begomovirus clones were obtained from the four plant samples and betasatellite clones from three of these. the begomovirus sequences were shown to be isolates of ageratum enation virus (aev) with greater than 89.1% nucleotide sequence identity to the 26 aev sequences available in the databases. the three betasatellit ... | 2015 | 25674770 |
| occurrence of iris yellow spot virus from onion crops in egypt. | iris yellow spot virus (iysv) is a infects onion bulb and seed crops in many countries including egypt. results of the mechanical inoculation reveled that, small chlorotic lesions and systemic necrosis were observed on both nicotiana benthamiana and datura stramonium after 10 days, while there were no symptoms were appeared on the onion plant. the viral biological transmission with thrips tabaci was highly reported to be efficiently for virus transmitted. our results confirmed the presentence of ... | 2014 | 25674622 |
| expression of symptoms, viral coat protein and silencing suppressor gene during mixed infection of a n-wi strain of potato virus y and an asymptomatic strain of potato virus x. | potato virus y (pvy) and potato virus x (pvx), the rna viruses of two different genera results into synergistic interactions on mixed infection. in this study, a n-wi strain of pvy and a pvx strain that is asymptomatic on potato were used to study their interactions during mixed infection in nicotiana benthamiana and nicotiana tabacum with reference to symptom expression, level of coat protein (cp) using elisa and suppressor gene using real time pcr under high temperature (26-40 °c) and low temp ... | 2014 | 25674598 |
| genome-wide characterization of mirnas involved in n gene-mediated immunity in response to tobacco mosaic virus in nicotiana benthamiana. | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of endogenous small rnas (srnas) that play pivotal roles in plant development, abiotic stress response, and pathogen response. mirnas have been extensively studied in plants, but rarely in nicotiana benthamiana, despite its wide use in plant virology studies, particularly for studying n protein-tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) interactions. we report an efficient method using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics to identify genome-wide mirnas in n. benthamiana. ... | 2015 | 25673968 |
| "self" and "non-self" in the control of phytoalexin biosynthesis: plant phospholipases a2 with alkaloid-specific molecular fingerprints. | the overproduction of specialized metabolites requires plants to manage the inherent burdens, including the risk of self-intoxication. we present a control mechanism that stops the expression of phytoalexin biosynthetic enzymes by blocking the antecedent signal transduction cascade. cultured cells of eschscholzia californica (papaveraceae) and catharanthus roseus (apocynaceae) overproduce benzophenanthridine alkaloids and monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, respectively, in response to microbial eli ... | 2015 | 25670767 |
| movement and nucleocapsid proteins coded by two tospovirus species interact through multiple binding regions in mixed infections. | negative-stranded tospoviruses (family: bunyaviridae) are among the most agronomically important viruses. some of the tospoviruses are known to exist as mixed infections in the same host plant. iris yellow spot virus (iysv) and tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) were used to study virus-virus interaction in dually infected host plants. viral genes of both viruses were separately cloned into binary psite-bifc vectors. bifc results showed that the n and nsm proteins of iysv interact with their count ... | 2015 | 25666522 |
| pebl1, a novel protein elicitor from brevibacillus laterosporus strain a60, activates defense responses and systemic resistance in nicotiana benthamiana. | we report the identification, characterization, and gene cloning of a novel protein elicitor (pebl1) secreted from brevibacillus laterosporus strain a60. through a purification process consisting of ion-exchange chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc), we isolated a protein that was identified by electrospray ionization quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (esi-q-tof-ms-ms). the 351-bp pebl1 gene produces a 12,833-da protein with 116 amino acids that contai ... | 2015 | 25662975 |
| viroid rna turnover: characterization of the subgenomic rnas of potato spindle tuber viroid accumulating in infected tissues provides insights into decay pathways operating in vivo. | while biogenesis of viroid rnas is well-known, how they decay is restricted to data involving host rna silencing. here we report an alternative degradation pathway operating on potato spindle tuber viroid (pstvd), the type species of nuclear-replicating viroids (family pospiviroidae). northern-blot hybridizations with full- and partial-length probes revealed a set of pstvd (+) subgenomic (sg)rnas in early-infected eggplant, some partially overlapping and reaching levels comparable to those of th ... | 2015 | 25662219 |
| the phenylpropanoid pathway is controlled at different branches by a set of r2r3-myb c2 repressors in grapevine. | because of the vast range of functions that phenylpropanoids possess, their synthesis requires precise spatiotemporal coordination throughout plant development and in response to the environment. the accumulation of these secondary metabolites is transcriptionally controlled by positive and negative regulators from the myb and basic helix-loop-helix protein families. we characterized four grapevine (vitis vinifera) r2r3-myb proteins from the c2 repressor motif clade, all of which harbor the ethy ... | 2015 | 25659381 |
| abce1 is a highly conserved rna silencing suppressor. | atp-binding cassette sub-family e member 1 (abce1) is a highly conserved protein among eukaryotes and archaea. recent studies have identified abce1 as a ribosome-recycling factor important for translation termination in mammalian cells, yeast and also archaea. here we report another conserved function of abce1. we have previously described atrli2, the homolog of abce1 in the plant arabidopsis thaliana, as an endogenous suppressor of rna silencing. in this study we show that this function is cons ... | 2015 | 25659154 |
| a spectrum of hrt-dependent hypersensitive responses elicited by the 52 amino acid n-terminus of turnip crinkle virus capsid protein and its mutants. | the capsid protein (cp) of turnip crinkle virus (tcv) is the elicitor of hypersensitive response (hr) and resistance mediated by the resistance protein hrt in the di-17 ecotype of arabidopsis. here we identified the n-terminal 52-amino-acid r domain of tcv cp as the elicitor of hrt-dependent hr in nicotiana benthamiana. mutating this domain at position 6 (r6a), but not at positions 8 (r8a) or 14 (g14a), abolished hr in n. benthamiana. however, on di-17 arabidopsis leaves only r8a r domain elicit ... | 2015 | 25656064 |
| natural variation in monoterpene synthesis in kiwifruit: transcriptional regulation of terpene synthases by nac and ethylene-insensitive3-like transcription factors. | two kiwifruit (actinidia) species with contrasting terpene profiles were compared to understand the regulation of fruit monoterpene production. high rates of terpinolene production in ripe actinidia arguta fruit were correlated with increasing gene and protein expression of a. arguta terpene synthase1 (aatps1) and correlated with an increase in transcript levels of the 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway enzyme 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (dxs). actinidia chinensis terpene sy ... | 2015 | 25649633 |
| the brassica napus receptor-like protein rlm2 is encoded by a second allele of the lepr3/rlm2 blackleg resistance locus. | leucine-rich repeat receptor-like proteins (lrr-rlps) are highly adaptable parts of the signalling apparatus for extracellular detection of plant pathogens. resistance to blackleg disease of brassica spp. caused by leptosphaeria maculans is largely governed by host race-specific r-genes, including the lrr-rlp gene lepr3. the blackleg resistance gene rlm2 was previously mapped to the same genetic interval as lepr3. in this study, the lepr3 locus of the rlm2 brassica napus line 'glacier dh24287' w ... | 2015 | 25644479 |
| agrobacterium t-dna integration into the plant genome can occur without the activity of key non-homologous end-joining proteins. | non-homologous end joining (nhej) is the major model proposed for agrobacterium t-dna integration into the plant genome. in animal cells, several proteins, including ku70, ku80, artemis, dna-pkcs, dna ligase iv (lig4), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (atm), and atm- and rad3-related (atr), play an important role in 'classical' (c)nhej. other proteins, including histone h1 (hon1), xrcc1, and parp1, participate in a 'backup' (b)nhej process. we examined transient and stable transformation frequencie ... | 2015 | 25641249 |
| comparison of vhh-fc antibody production in arabidopsis thaliana, nicotiana benthamiana and pichia pastoris. | vhhs or nanobodies are widely acknowledged as interesting diagnostic and therapeutic tools. however, for some applications, multivalent antibody formats, such as the dimeric vhh-fc format, are desired to increase the functional affinity. the scope of this study was to compare transient expression of diagnostic vhh-fc antibodies in nicotiana benthamiana leaves with their stable expression in arabidopsis thaliana seeds and pichia pastoris. to this end, vhh-fc antibodies targeting green fluorescent ... | 2015 | 25641071 |
| pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus: a legume-infecting emaravirus from south asia. | pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus (ppsmv), a species of the genus emaravirus, is the causal agent of sterility mosaic disease (smd) of pigeonpea [cajanus cajan (l.) millsp]. this disease, dubbed the 'green plague', as the infected plants remain in the vegetative state without flower production, has been reported from india and a few other south-east asian countries. smd is estimated to result in an annual yield loss of over us$300 million in india alone. the aetiology of smd, which remained a mys ... | 2015 | 25640756 |
| molecular analysis and localization of caara7 a conventional rab5 gtpase from characean algae. | rab5 gtpases are important regulators of endosomal membrane traffic. among them arabidopsis thaliana ara7/rabf2b is highly conserved and homologues are present in fungal, animal and plant kingdoms. in land plants ara7 and its homologues are involved in endocytosis and transport towards the vacuole. here we report on the isolation of an ara7 homologue (caara7/carabf2) in the highly evolved characean green alga chara australis. it encodes a polypeptide of 202 amino acids with a calculated molecula ... | 2015 | 25639563 |
| application of an integrated omics approach for identifying host proteins that interact with odontoglossum ringspot virus capsid protein. | the glutamic acid at position 100 (e(100)) in the capsid protein (cp) of odontoglossum ringspot virus (orsv) plays an important role in long-distance viral movement in nicotiana benthamiana. the orsv(e100a) mutant, which has a glutamic acid to alanine substitution, shows a loss of systemic infectivity in n. benthamiana. transmission electron microscopy and size-exclusion chromatography assays showed that e(100) is essential for cp-cp interaction and viral particle assembly. to identify the orsv ... | 2015 | 25625820 |
| differential contributions of plant dicer-like proteins to antiviral defences against potato virus x in leaves and roots. | members of the plant dicer-like (dcl) protein family are the critical components of the rna-silencing pathway that mediates innate antiviral defence. the distinct antiviral role of each individual dcl protein has been established with mostly based on observations of aerial parts of plants. thus, although the roots are closely associated with the life cycle of many plant viruses, little is known about the antiviral activities of dcl proteins in roots. we observed that antiviral silencing strongly ... | 2015 | 25619543 |
| identification and characterization of plant-specific nac gene family in canola (brassica napus l.) reveal novel members involved in cell death. | nac transcription factors are plant-specific and play important roles in plant development processes, response to biotic and abiotic cues and hormone signaling. however, to date, little is known about the nac genes in canola (or oilseed rape, brassica napus l.). in this study, a total of 60 nac genes were identified from canola through a systematical analysis and mining of expressed sequence tags. among these, the cdna sequences of 41 nac genes were successfully cloned. the translated protein se ... | 2015 | 25616736 |
| heat-precipitation allows the efficient purification of a functional plant-derived malaria transmission-blocking vaccine candidate fusion protein. | malaria is a vector-borne disease affecting more than two million people and accounting for more than 600,000 deaths each year, especially in developing countries. the most serious form of malaria is caused by plasmodium falciparum. the complex life cycle of this parasite, involving pre-erythrocytic, asexual and sexual stages, makes vaccine development cumbersome but also offers a broad spectrum of vaccine candidates targeting exactly those stages. vaccines targeting the sexual stage of p. falci ... | 2015 | 25615702 |
| snare-rnai results in higher terpene emission from ectopically expressed caryophyllene synthase in nicotiana benthamiana. | plants produce numerous terpenes and much effort has been dedicated to the identification and characterization of the terpene biosynthetic genes. however, little is known about how terpenes are transported within the cell and from the cell into the apoplast. to investigate a putative role of vesicle fusion in this process, we used agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transient coexpression in nicotiana benthamiana of an mtvamp721e-rnai construct (vi) with either a caryophyllene synthase or a linal ... | 2015 | 25598143 |
| cytorhabdovirus phosphoprotein shows rna silencing suppressor activity in plants, but not in insect cells. | rna silencing in plants and insects provides an antiviral defense and as a countermeasure most viruses encode rna silencing suppressors (rss). for the family rhabdoviridae, no detailed functional rss studies have been reported in plant hosts and insect vectors. in agroinfiltrated nicotiana benthamiana leaves we show for the first time for a cytorhabdovirus, lettuce necrotic yellows virus (lnyv), that one of the nucleocapsid core proteins, phosphoprotein (p) has relatively weak local rss activity ... | 2015 | 25591176 |
| importin-α-mediated nucleolar localization of potato mop-top virus triple gene block1 (tgb1) protein facilitates virus systemic movement, whereas tgb1 self-interaction is required for cell-to-cell movement in nicotiana benthamiana. | recently, it has become evident that nucleolar passage of movement proteins occurs commonly in a number of plant rna viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm. systemic movement of potato mop-top virus (pmtv) involves two viral transport forms represented by a complex of viral rna and triple gene block1 (tgb1) movement protein and by polar virions that contain the minor coat protein and tgb1 attached to one extremity. the integrity of polar virions ensures the efficient movement of rna-cp, which e ... | 2015 | 25576325 |
| osc2 and cyp716a14v2 catalyze the biosynthesis of triterpenoids for the cuticle of aerial organs of artemisia annua. | artemisia annua is widely studied for its ability to accumulate the antimalarial sesquiterpenoid artemisinin. in addition to producing a variety of sesquiterpenoids, a. annua also accumulates mono-, di-, and triterpenoids, the majority of which are produced in the glandular trichomes. a. annua also has filamentous trichomes on its aerial parts, but little is known of their biosynthesis potential. here, through a comparative transcriptome analysis between glandular and filamentous trichomes, we i ... | 2015 | 25576188 |
| complete genome sequence of nine isolates of canna yellow streak virus reveals its relationship to the sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) subgroup of potyviruses. | complete genome sequences were obtained from nine isolates of canna yellow streak virus (caysv). caysv belongs to the sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) subgroup of potyviruses with johnsongrass mosaic virus (jgmv) as its closest relative. multiple sequence alignments showed a pattern of amino acid substitutions in the cp sequences, which enabled us to relate these isolates to south east asian or european isolates. biological characterization of caysv identified nicotiana benthamiana, chenopodium qui ... | 2015 | 25567205 |
| analysis of geminivirus al2 and l2 proteins reveals a novel al2 silencing suppressor activity. | both posttranscriptional and transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs and tgs, respectively) participate in defense against the dna-containing geminiviruses. as a countermeasure, members of the genus begomovirus (e.g., cabbage leaf curl virus) encode an al2 protein that is both a transcriptional activator and a silencing suppressor. the related l2 protein of beet curly top virus (genus curtovirus) lacks transcription activation activity. previous studies showed that both al2 and l2 suppress silencin ... | 2015 | 25552721 |
| hydrophobin fusion of an influenza virus hemagglutinin allows high transient expression in nicotiana benthamiana, easy purification and immune response with neutralizing activity. | the expression of recombinant hemagglutinin in plants is a promising alternative to the current egg-based production system for the influenza vaccines. protein-stabilizing fusion partners have been developed to overcome the low production yields and the high downstream process costs associated with the plant expression system. in this context, we tested the fusion of hydrophobin i to the hemagglutinin ectodomain of the influenza a (h1n1)pdm09 virus controlled by the hybrid en2pma4 transcriptiona ... | 2014 | 25541987 |
| a single amino acid at n-terminal region of the 2b protein of cucumber mosaic virus strain m1 has a pivotal role in virus attenuation. | host responses to infection by a mild strain of cucumber mosaic virus, termed cmv-m1, were re-examined in several plant species in comparison with those by a severe strain cmv-y. mild systemic symptoms were developed on the six plant species inoculated with cmv-m1. virus titer in the nicotiana benthamiana plants infected with cmv-m1 was significantly lower than those infected with cmv-y, although infection by cmv-m1 interfered with further infection by cmv-y in the plants. subsequently, the atte ... | 2015 | 25541532 |
| developmentally regulated plasma membrane protein of nicotiana benthamiana contributes to potyvirus movement and transports to plasmodesmata via the early secretory pathway and the actomyosin system. | the intercellular movement of plant viruses requires both viral and host proteins. previous studies have demonstrated that the frame-shift protein p3n-pipo (for the protein encoded by the open reading frame [orf] containing 5'-terminus of p3 and a +2 frame-shift orf called pretty interesting potyviridae orf and embedded in the p3) and cylindrical inclusion (ci) proteins were required for potyvirus cell-to-cell movement. here, we provide genetic evidence showing that a tobacco vein banding mosaic ... | 2015 | 25540331 |
| three gene products of a begomovirus-betasatellite complex restore expression of a transcriptionally silenced green fluorescent protein transgene in nicotiana benthamiana. | single-stranded dna geminiviruses replicate via double-stranded dna intermediates forming mini-chromosomes that are targets for transcriptional gene silencing (tgs) in plants. the ability of the cotton leaf curl kokhran virus (clcukov)-cotton leaf curl multan betasatellite (clcumub) proteins, replication-associated protein (rep), transcriptional activator protein (trap), c4, v2 and βc1, to suppress tgs was investigated by using the nicotiana benthamiana line 16-tgs (16-tgs) harbouring a transcri ... | 2015 | 25537949 |
| soybean actin-depolymerizing factor 2 interacts with soybean mosaic virus-encoded p3 protein. | soybean mosaic virus (smv), a member of the potyvirus genus, is one of the most prevalent and devastating viral pathogens in soybean-growing regions worldwide. it is generally accepted that symptom development of a viral plant disease results from molecular interactions between the virus and its host plant. p3 protein is the most variable polyprotein in potyviruses, which potentially plays an important role in the process of the evolution of virus type specialization. however, p3 not only plays ... | 2015 | 25537947 |
| enhanced seed oil content by overexpressing genes related to triacylglyceride synthesis. | oilseed rape (brassica napus) is one of the most important oilseed crops globally. to meet increasing demand for oil-based products, the ability to enhance desirable oil content in the seed is required. this study assessed the capability of five genes in the triacylglyceride (tag) synthesis pathway to enhance oil content. the genes bngpdh, bngpat, bndgat, scgpdh and sclpaat were overexpressed separately in a tobacco (nicotiana benthamiana) model system, and simultaneously by pyramiding in b. nap ... | 2015 | 25523093 |
| mutations within a 35 amino acid region of p6 influence self-association, inclusion body formation, and caulimovirus infectivity. | cauliflower mosaic virus gene vi product (p6) is an essential protein that forms cytoplasmic, inclusion bodies (ibs). p6 contains four regions involved in self-association, termed d1-d4. d3 binds to d1, along with d4 and contains a spacer region (termed d3b) between two rna-binding domains. here we show d3b binds full-length p6 along with d1 and d4. full-length p6s harboring single amino acid substitutions within d3b showed reduced binding to both d1 and d4. full-length p6s containing d3b mutati ... | 2015 | 25506670 |
| subcellular localization and membrane association of the replicase protein of grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus, family betaflexiviridae. | as a member of the newly established betaflexiviridae family, grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (grspav) has an rna genome containing five orfs. orf1 encodes a putative replicase polyprotein typical of the alphavirus superfamily of positive-strand ssrna viruses. several viruses of this superfamily have been demonstrated to replicate in structures designated viral replication complexes associated with intracellular membranes. however, structure and cellular localization of the rep ... | 2015 | 25502653 |
| the mir9863 family regulates distinct mla alleles in barley to attenuate nlr receptor-triggered disease resistance and cell-death signaling. | barley (hordeum vulgare l.) mla alleles encode coiled-coil (cc), nucleotide binding, leucine-rich repeat (nb-lrr) receptors that trigger isolate-specific immune responses against the powdery mildew fungus, blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (bgh). how mla or nb-lrr genes in grass species are regulated at post-transcriptional level is not clear. the microrna family, mir9863, comprises four members that differentially regulate distinct mla alleles in barley. we show that mir9863 members guide the cle ... | 2014 | 25502438 |
| development of three full-length infectious cdna clones of distinct brassica yellows virus genotypes for agrobacterium-mediated inoculation. | brassica yellows virus is a newly identified species in the genus of polerovirus within the family luteoviridae. brassica yellows virus (bryv) is prevalently distributed throughout mainland china and south korea, is an important virus infecting cruciferous crops. based on six bryv genomic sequences of isolates from oilseed rape, rutabaga, radish, and cabbage, three genotypes, bryv-a, bryv-b, and bryv-c, exist, which mainly differ in the 5' terminal half of the genome. bryv is an aphid-transmitte ... | 2015 | 25499296 |
| insights into the polerovirus-plant interactome revealed by coimmunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. | identification of host proteins interacting with the aphidborne potato leafroll virus (plrv) from the genus polerovirus, family luteoviridae, is a critical step toward understanding how plrv and related viruses infect plants. however, the tight spatial distribution of plrv to phloem tissues poses challenges. a polyclonal antibody raised against purified plrv virions was used to coimmunoprecipitate virus-host protein complexes from nicotiana benthamiana tissue inoculated with an infectious plrv c ... | 2015 | 25496593 |
| generation of an attenuated, cross-protective pepino mosaic virus variant through alignment-guided mutagenesis of the viral capsid protein. | mild variants of many viruses are able to protect infected plants from subsequent invasion by more severe variants of the same viruses through a process known as cross-protection. in the past, the cross-protective viral variants were commonly derived from mild field isolates that were sometimes genetically heterogeneous, providing variable levels of cross-protection. here, we report a novel approach to rapidly generate cross-protective variants of the tomato-infecting pepino mosaic virus (pepmv) ... | 2015 | 25496364 |
| the importance of the kr-rich region of the coat protein of ourmia melon virus for host specificity, tissue tropism, and interference with antiviral defense. | the n-terminal region of the ourmia melon virus (oumv) coat protein (cp) contains a short lysine/arginine-rich (kr) region. by alanine scanning mutagenesis, we showed that the kr region influences pathogenicity and virulence of oumv without altering viral particle assembly. a mutant, called oumv6710, with three basic residue substitutions in the kr region, was impaired in the ability to maintain the initial systemic infection in nicotiana benthamiana and to infect both cucumber and melon plants ... | 2015 | 25494356 |
| disruption of prefoldin-2 protein synthesis in root-knot nematodes via host-mediated gene silencing efficiently reduces nematode numbers and thus protects plants. | the aim of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of down-regulating endogeneous prefoldin-2 root-knot nematode transcripts by expressing dsrna with sequence identity to the nematode gene in tobacco roots under the influence of strong arabidopsis ubiquitin (ubq1) promoter. root-knot nematodes (rkns) are sedentary endoparasites infecting a wide range of plant species. they parasitise the root system, thereby disrupting water and nutrient uptake and causing major reductions in crop yields. t ... | 2015 | 25491640 |
| pepper heat shock protein 70a interacts with the type iii effector avrbst and triggers plant cell death and immunity. | heat shock proteins (hsps) function as molecular chaperones and are essential for the maintenance and/or restoration of protein homeostasis. the genus xanthomonas type iii effector protein avrbst induces hypersensitive cell death in pepper (capsicum annuum). here, we report the identification of the pepper cahsp70a as an avrbst-interacting protein. bimolecular fluorescence complementation and coimmunoprecipitation assays confirm the specific interaction between cahsp70a and avrbst in planta. the ... | 2014 | 25491184 |
| a novel plant-produced pfs25 fusion subunit vaccine induces long-lasting transmission blocking antibody responses. | malaria transmission blocking vaccines (tbv) directed against proteins expressed on sexual stages of plasmodium falciparum in the mosquito midgut are considered an effective means to reduce malaria transmission. antibodies induced by tbv block sporogonic development in the mosquito, and thus transmission to the next human host. the pfs25 protein, expressed on the surface of gametes, zygotes and ookinetes, is one of the primary targets for tbv development. using a plant virus-based transient expr ... | 2014 | 25483525 |
| immunogenicity of h1n1 influenza virus-like particles produced in nicotiana benthamiana. | the h1n1 influenza pandemic of 2009 stimulated interest in developing safe and effective subunit influenza vaccines using rapid and cost-effective recombinant technologies that can avoid dependence on hens' eggs supply and live viruses for production. among alternative approaches to subunit vaccine development, virus-like particles (vlps) represent an attractive strategy due to their safety and immunogenicity. previously, we have produced a recombinant monomeric hemagglutinin (ha) protein derive ... | 2015 | 25483524 |
| molecular chaperons and co-chaperons, hsp90, rar1, and sgt1 negatively regulate bacterial wilt disease caused by ralstonia solanacearum in nicotiana benthamiana. | ralstonia solanacearum is the causal agent of bacterial wilt disease. to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in interaction between nicotiana benthamiana and r. solanacearum, we focused on hsp90, rar1 and sgt1. appearances of wilt symptom were significantly suppressed in hsp90, rar1 and sgt1-silenced plants compared with control plants. in rar1-silenced plants, population of r. solanacearum increased in a similar manner to control plants. in contrast, multiplication of r. solanac ... | 2014 | 25482800 |
| the tomato ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme variant suv, but not sluev1c and sluev1d regulates fen-mediated programmed cell death in nicotiana benthamiana. | the unconventional, lysine-63-linked ubiquitination has been shown to play a central role in regulating human and animal innate and adaptive immunity. by contrast, the role and mechanism of k63-linked ubiquitination in plant biology remain largely unexplored. the tomato (solanum lycopersicum) fni3 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and its co-factor, suv ubiquitin e2 variant (uev) were shown recently to catalyze k63-linked ubiquitination and are essential for protein fen and other resistance protein-m ... | 2014 | 25482775 |
| engineering the anthocyanin regulatory complex of strawberry (fragaria vesca). | the woodland strawberry, fragaria vesca is a model fruit for a number of rosaceous crops. we have engineered altered concentrations of anthocyanin in f. vesca, to determine the impact on plant growth and fruit quality. anthocyanin concentrations were significantly increased by over-expression or decreased by knock-down of the r2r3 myb activator, myb10. in contrast, a potential bhlh partner for myb10 (bhlh33) did not affect the anthocyanin pathway when knocked down using rnai constructs. metaboli ... | 2014 | 25477896 |
| the p25 protein of potato virus x (pvx) is the main pathogenicity determinant responsible for systemic necrosis in pvx-associated synergisms. | most plant viruses counter the rna silencing-based antiviral defense by expressing viral suppressors of rna silencing (vsrs). in this sense, vsrs may be regarded as virulence effectors that can be recognized by the host as avirulence (avr) factors to induce r-mediated resistance. we made use of agrobacterium-mediated transient coexpression of vsrs in combination with potato virus x (pvx) to recapitulate in local tissues the systemic necrosis (sn) caused by pvx-potyvirus synergistic infections in ... | 2015 | 25473046 |
| identification of a new tospovirus causing necrotic ringspot on tomato in china. | emerging tospoviruses cause significant yield losses and quality reduction in vegetables, ornamentals, and legumes throughout the world. so far, eight tospoviruses were reported in china. tomato fruits displaying necrotic and concentric ringspot symptoms were found in guizhou province of southwest china. | 2014 | 25465801 |
| form follows function in geminiviral minichromosome architecture. | a comprehensive survey on the viral minichromosomes of the begomoviruses abutilon mosaic virus, tomato yellow leaf curl sardinia virus, african cassava mosaic virus, indian cassava mosaic virus (family geminiviridae) during the course of infections in nicotiana benthamiana is summarized. using optimized one-dimensional and two-dimensional gel systems combined with blot hybridization and a standardized evaluation, discrete and heterogeneous virus-specific signals with different dna forms were com ... | 2015 | 25445344 |
| domain dissection of avrrxo1 for suppressor, avirulence and cytotoxicity functions. | avrrxo1, a type iii effector from xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (xoc) which causes bacterial leaf streak (bls) in rice, can be recognised by non-host resistance protein rxo1. it triggers a hypersensitive response (hr) in maize. little is known regarding the virulence function of avrrxo1. in this study, we determined that avrrxo1 is able to suppress the hr caused by the non-host resistance recognition of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo) by nicotiana benthamiana. it is toxic, inducing cell d ... | 2014 | 25437277 |
| oxidation and phosphorylation of map kinase 4 cause protein aggregation. | mitogen-activated protein kinase (mpk) cascades are highly conserved signaling pathways that respond to environmental cues. arabidopsis mpk4 has been identified as a stress-responsive protein kinase. here we demonstrate that brassica napus mpk4 (bnmpk4) is activated by hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and phytohormone abscisic acid (aba). transient expression of a constitutively active bnmpk4 causes h2o2 production and cell death in nicotiana benthamiana leaves. however, little is known about how h2o2 c ... | 2015 | 25433264 |
| rice stripe tenuivirus p2 may recruit or manipulate nucleolar functions through an interaction with fibrillarin to promote virus systemic movement. | rice stripe virus (rsv) is the type species of the genus tenuivirus and represents a major viral pathogen affecting rice production in east asia. in this study, rsv p2 was fused to yellow fluorescent protein (p2-yfp) and expressed in epidermal cells of nicotiana benthamiana. p2-yfp fluorescence was found to move to the nucleolus initially, but to leave the nucleolus for the cytoplasm forming numerous distinct bright spots there at later time points. a bimolecular fluorescence complementation (bi ... | 2015 | 25431002 |
| induction and maintenance of dna methylation in plant promoter sequences by apple latent spherical virus-induced transcriptional gene silencing. | apple latent spherical virus (alsv) is an efficient virus-induced gene silencing vector in functional genomics analyses of a broad range of plant species. here, an agrobacterium-mediated inoculation (agroinoculation) system was developed for the alsv vector, and virus-induced transcriptional gene silencing (vitgs) is described in plants infected with the alsv vector. the cdnas of alsv rna1 and rna2 were inserted between the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter and the nos-t sequences in a binar ... | 2014 | 25426109 |
| blocking single-stranded transferred dna conversion to double-stranded intermediates by overexpression of yeast dna replication factor a. | agrobacterium tumefaciens delivers its single-stranded transferred dna (t-strand) into the host cell nucleus, where it can be converted into double-stranded molecules. various studies have revealed that double-stranded transfer dna (t-dna) intermediates can serve as substrates by as yet uncharacterized integration machinery. nevertheless, the possibility that t-strands are themselves substrates for integration cannot be ruled out. we attempted to block the conversion of t-strands into double-str ... | 2015 | 25424309 |
| two cytoplasmic effectors of phytophthora sojae regulate plant cell death via interactions with plant catalases. | plant pathogenic oomycetes, such as phytophthora sojae, secrete an arsenal of host cytoplasmic effectors to promote infection. we have shown previously that p. sojae pscrn63 (for crinkling- and necrosis-inducing proteins) induces programmed cell death (pcd) while pscrn115 blocks pcd in planta; however, they are jointly required for full pathogenesis. here, we find that pscrn63 alone or pscrn63 and pscrn115 together might suppress the immune responses of nicotiana benthamiana and demonstrate that ... | 2015 | 25424308 |
| construction of infectious clones of tomato torrado virus and their delivery by agroinfiltration. | the first biologically active infectious clones of tomato torrado virus (totv) were generated and delivered into nicotiana benthamiana and solanum lycopersicum plants via agrobacterium tumefaciens. the engineered constructs consisted of pcr-amplified complementary dnas derived from the totv rna1 and rna2 components, individually inserted into an engineered pgreen binary vector between the camv 35s promoter and nopaline synthase terminator. these constructs were introduced into the plant hosts by ... | 2015 | 25416854 |
| a recombinant tobacco curly shoot virus causes leaf curl disease in tomato in a north-eastern state of india and has potentiality to trans-replicate a non-cognate betasatellite. | leaf curl disease is a serious constraint in tomato production throughout india. several begomoviruses were reported from different parts of the country; however, identity of begomovirus associated with leaf curl disease in tomato in north-eastern states of india was obscured. in the present study, the complete genome of an isolate (to-ag-1) of begomovirus was generated from a leaf curl sample collected from tripura state. however, no dna-b and betasatellite were detected in the field samples. t ... | 2015 | 25410052 |
| the relationship between the plant-encoded rna-dependent rna polymerase 1 and alternative oxidase in tomato basal defense against tobacco mosaic virus. | salicylic acid (sa) plays a critical role in plant defense against pathogen attack. the sa-induced viral defense in plants is distinct from the pathways mediating bacterial and fungal defense, which is pathogenesis-related protein-independent but involves an rna-dependent rna polymerase 1 (rdr1)-mediated rna silencing mechanism and/or an alternative oxidase (aox)-associated defense pathway. however, the relationship between these two viral defense-related pathways remains unclear. in this study, ... | 2015 | 25408506 |
| transcriptomic analysis of the phytopathogenic oomycete phytophthora cactorum provides insights into infection-related effectors. | phytophthora cactorum, a hemibiotrophic oomycete pathogen, can cause destructive diseases on numerous crops worldwide, leading to essential economic losses every year. however, little has been known about its molecular pathogenicity mechanisms. to gain insight into its repertoire of effectors, the p. cactorum transcriptome was investigated using illumina rna-seq. | 2014 | 25406848 |
| comparative assessments of crispr-cas nucleases' cleavage efficiency in planta. | custom-designed nucleases can enable precise plant genome editing by catalyzing dna-breakage at specific targets to stimulate targeted mutagenesis or gene replacement. the crispr-cas system, with its target-specifying rna molecule to direct the cas9 nuclease, is a recent addition to existing nucleases that bind and cleave the target through linked protein domains (e.g. talens and zinc-finger nucleases). we have conducted a comparative study of these different types of custom-designed nucleases a ... | 2015 | 25403732 |
| the arabidopsis edr1 protein kinase negatively regulates the atl1 e3 ubiquitin ligase to suppress cell death. | loss-of-function mutations in the arabidopsis thaliana enhanced disease resistance1 (edr1) gene confer enhanced programmed cell death under a variety of abiotic and biotic stress conditions. all edr1 mutant phenotypes can be suppressed by missense mutations in the keep on going gene, which encodes a trans-golgi network/early endosome (tgn/ee)-localized e3 ubiquitin ligase. here, we report that edr1 interacts with a second e3 ubiquitin ligase, arabidopsis toxicos en levadura1 (atl1), and negative ... | 2014 | 25398498 |
| cas9-based genome editing in arabidopsis and tobacco. | targeted modification of plant genome is key to elucidating and manipulating gene functions in plant research and biotechnology. the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr)/crispr-associated protein (cas) technology is emerging as a powerful genome-editing method in diverse plants that traditionally lacked facile and versatile tools for targeted genetic engineering. this technology utilizes easily reprogrammable guide rnas (sgrnas) to direct streptococcus pyogenes cas9 ... | 2014 | 25398353 |
| potato virus y hcpro localization at distinct, dynamically related and environment-influenced structures in the cell cytoplasm. | potyvirus hcpro is a multifunctional protein that, among other functions, interferes with antiviral defenses in plants and mediates viral transmission by aphid vectors. we have visualized in vivo the subcellular distribution and dynamics of hcpro from potato virus y and its homodimers, using green, yellow, and red fluorescent protein tags or their split parts, while assessing their biological activities. confocal microscopy revealed a pattern of even distribution of fluorescence throughout the c ... | 2014 | 25387134 |
| cloning and expression profiling of the polycomb gene, retinoblastoma-related protein from tomato solanum lycopersicum l. | cell cycle regulation mechanisms appear to be conserved throughout eukaryotic evolution. one of the important proteins involved in the regulation of cell cycle processes is retinoblastoma-related protein (rbr), which is a negative regulator of cell cycle progression, controlling the g1/s transition in plants and animals. in this study, we present the cloning and genomic structure of a putative slrbr gene in the tomato solanum lycopersicum l. by isolating cdna clones that correspond to the slrbr ... | 2014 | 25374451 |
| construction of a synthetic infectious cdna clone of grapevine algerian latent virus (galv-nf) and its biological activity in nicotiana benthamiana and grapevine plants. | grapevine algerian latent virus (galv) is a tombusvirus first isolated in 1989 from an algerian grapevine (vitis spp.) plant and more recently from water samples and commercial nipplefruit and statice plants. no further reports of natural galv infections in grapevine have been published in the last two decades, and artificial inoculations of grapevine plants have not been reported. we developed and tested a synthetic galv construct for the inoculation of nicotiana benthamiana plants and differen ... | 2014 | 25367743 |
| salicylic acid binding of mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase e2 affects mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport chain components and plays a role in basal defense against tobacco mosaic virus in tomato. | salicylic acid (sa) plays a critical role in plant defense against pathogen invasion. sa-induced viral defense in plants is distinct from the pathways mediating bacterial and fungal defense and involves a specific pathway mediated by mitochondria; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. the sa-binding activity of the recombinant tomato (solanum lycopersicum) alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (slα-kgdh) e2 subunit of the tricarboxylic acid (tca) cycle was characterized. the bio ... | 2015 | 25365924 |
| mutations in the predicted active site of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae xopq differentially affect virulence, suppression of host innate immunity, and induction of the hr in a nonhost plant. | xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the bacterial blight pathogen of rice, secretes a number of effectors through a type 3 secretion system. one of these effectors, called xopq, is required for virulence and suppression of rice innate immune responses induced by the plant cell-wall-degrading enzyme lipase/esterase a (lipa). bioinformatic analysis suggested that xopq is homologous to inosine-uridine nucleoside hydrolases (nh). a structural model of xopq with the protozoan crithidia fasciculata purine ... | 2015 | 25353365 |
| tomato sr/camta transcription factors slsr1 and slsr3l negatively regulate disease resistance response and slsr1l positively modulates drought stress tolerance. | the sr/camta proteins represent a small family of transcription activators that play important roles in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. seven slsr/camta genes were identified in tomato as tomato counterparts of sr/camta; however, the involvement of slsrs/camtas in biotic and abiotic stress responses is not clear. in this study, we performed functional analysis of the slsr/camta family for their possible functions in defense response against pathogens and tolerance to drought stre ... | 2014 | 25348703 |
| robust rna silencing-mediated resistance to plum pox virus under variable abiotic and biotic conditions. | some abiotic and biotic conditions are known to have a negative impact on post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs), thus representing a potential concern for the production of stable engineered virus resistance traits. however, depending on the strategy followed to achieve ptgs of the transgene, different responses to external conditions can be expected. in the present study, we utilized the nicotiana benthamiana–plum pox virus (ppv) pathosystem to evaluate in detail the stability of intron-ha ... | 2014 | 25346969 |
| techno-economic analysis of horseradish peroxidase production using a transient expression system in nicotiana benthamiana. | despite the advantages of plant-based transient expression systems relative to microbial or mammalian cell systems, the commercial production of recombinant proteins using plants has not yet been achieved to any significant extent. one of the challenges has been the lack of published data on the costs of manufacture for products other than biopharmaceuticals. in this study, we report on the techno-economic analysis of the production of a standard commercial enzyme, namely, horseradish peroxidase ... | 2015 | 25344434 |
| plant oxidosqualene metabolism: cycloartenol synthase-dependent sterol biosynthesis in nicotiana benthamiana. | the plant sterol pathway exhibits a major biosynthetic difference as compared with that of metazoans. the committed sterol precursor is the pentacyclic cycloartenol (9β,19-cyclolanost-24-en-3β-ol) and not lanosterol (lanosta-8,24-dien-3β-ol), as it was shown in the late sixties. however, plant genome mining over the last years revealed the general presence of lanosterol synthases encoding sequences (las1) in the oxidosqualene cyclase repertoire, in addition to cycloartenol synthases (cas1) and t ... | 2014 | 25343375 |
| functional analysis of plant defense suppression and activation by the xanthomonas core type iii effector xopx. | many phytopathogenic type iii secretion effector proteins (t3es) have been shown to target and suppress plant immune signaling but perturbation of the plant immune system by t3es can also elicit a plant response. xopx is a "core" xanthomonas t3e that contributes to growth and symptom development during xanthomonas euvesicatoria infection of tomato but its functional role is undefined. we tested the effect of xopx on several aspects of plant immune signaling. xopx promoted ethylene production and ... | 2015 | 25338145 |
| micrornas suppress nb domain genes in tomato that confer resistance to fusarium oxysporum. | micrornas (mirnas) suppress the transcriptional and post-transcriptional expression of genes in plants. several mirna families target genes encoding nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (nb-lrr) plant innate immune receptors. the fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causes vascular wilt disease in tomato. we explored a role for mirnas in tomato defense against f. oxysporum using comparative mirna profiling of susceptible (moneymaker) and resistant (motelle) tomato cultivars. slmir ... | 2014 | 25330340 |
| a reversible renilla luciferase protein complementation assay for rapid identification of protein-protein interactions reveals the existence of an interaction network involved in xyloglucan biosynthesis in the plant golgi apparatus. | a growing body of evidence suggests that protein-protein interactions (ppis) occur amongst glycosyltransferases (gts) required for plant glycan biosynthesis (e.g. cell wall polysaccharides and n-glycans) in the golgi apparatus, and may control the functions of these enzymes. however, identification of ppis in the endomembrane system in a relatively fast and simple fashion is technically challenging, hampering the progress in understanding the functional coordination of the enzymes in golgi glyca ... | 2015 | 25326916 |
| modification of vectors for functional genomic analysis in plants. | simple, efficient, and economical recombinant plant binary expression vectors for deciphering large-scale functional genomic research in plants and promoting crop improvement by genetically engineering and biotechnology is in great demand. in this research, using the pchf3, pcambia1301, pcambia3300, pcambia3301 vectors, we successfully constructed general plant binary expression vectors carrying camv35s and arabidopsis rd29a promoters mediating multiple cloning sites ( | 2014 | 25299096 |
| pseudorecombination between two distinct strains of cucumber mosaic virus results in enhancement of symptom severity. | recently, a cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) strain, named as cmv-209, was isolated from glycine soja. in this study, symptom expression of cmv-209 was analyzed in detail in nicotiana benthamiana by comparing with that of cmv-fny, which is a representative strain of cmv. using infectious cdna clones of cmv strains 209 and fny, symptom expression of various pseudorecombinants between these two strains were examined in the early and late infection stages. in the early infection stage, the pseudorecombi ... | 2014 | 25289019 |
| rpi-blb2-mediated hypersensitive cell death caused by phytophthora infestans avrblb2 requires sgt1, but not eds1, ndr1, salicylic acid-, jasmonic acid-, or ethylene-mediated signaling. | potato rpi-blb2 encodes a protein with a coiled-coil-nucleotide binding site and leucine-rich repeat (cc-nbs-lrr) motif that recognizes the phytophthora infestans avrblb2 effector and triggers hypersensitive cell death (hcd). to better understand the components required for rpi-blb2-mediated hcd in plants, we used virus-induced gene silencing to repress candidate genes in rpi-blb2-transgenic nicotiana benthamiana plants and assayed the plants for avrblb2 effector. rpi-blb2 triggers hcd through n ... | 2014 | 25289011 |
| molecular and biological characterization of an isolate of cucumber mosaic virus from glycine soja by generating its infectious full-genome cdna clones. | molecular and biological characteristics of an isolate of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) from glycine soja (wild soybean), named as cmv-209, was examined in this study. comparison of nucleotide sequences and phylogenetic analyses of cmv-209 with the other cmv strains revealed that cmv-209 belonged to cmv subgroup i. however, cmv-209 showed some genetic distance from the cmv strains assigned to subgroup ia or subgroup ib. infectious full-genome cdna clones of cmv-209 were generated under the control ... | 2014 | 25288998 |
| selective interaction between chloroplast β-atpase and tgb1l88 retards severe symptoms caused by alternanthera mosaic virus infection. | the multifunctional triple gene block protein 1 (tgb1) of the potexvirus alternanthera mosaic virus (altmv) has been reported to have silencing suppressor, cell-to-cell movement, and helicase functions. yeast two hybrid screening using an arabidopsis thaliana cdna library with tgb1 as bait, and co-purification with tgb1 inclusion bodies identified several host proteins which interact with altmv tgb1. host protein interactions with tgb1 were confirmed by biomolecular fluorescence complementation, ... | 2014 | 25288986 |
| theobroxide treatment inhibits wild fire disease occurrence in nicotiana benthamiana by the overexpression of defense-related genes. | theobroxide, a novel compound isolated from a fungus lasiodiplodia theobromae, stimulates potato tuber formation and induces flowering of morning glory by initiating the jasmonic acid synthesis pathway. to elucidate the effect of theobroxide on pathogen resistance in plants, nicotiana benthamiana plants treated with theobroxide were immediately infiltrated with pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. exogenous application of theobroxide inhibited development of lesion symptoms, and growth of the bacter ... | 2013 | 25288936 |
| actin cytoskeleton and golgi involvement in barley stripe mosaic virus movement and cell wall localization of triple gene block proteins. | barley stripe mosaic virus (bsmv) induces massive actin filament thickening at the infection front of infected nicotiana benthamiana leaves. to determine the mechanisms leading to actin remodeling, fluorescent protein fusions of the bsmv triple gene block (tgb) proteins were coexpressed in cells with the actin marker dsred: talin. tgb ectopic expression experiments revealed that tgb3 is a major elicitor of filament thickening, that tgb2 resulted in formation of intermediate dsred:talin filaments ... | 2013 | 25288925 |
| transient expression of the influenza a virus pb1-f2 protein using a plum pox virus-based vector in nicotiana benthamiana. | pb1-f2 protein of influenza a virus (iav) was cloned in a plum pox virus (ppv) genome-based vector and attempts to express it in biolistically transfected nicotiana benthamiana plants were performed. the vector-insert construct replicated in infected plants properly and was stable during repeated passage by mechanical inoculation, as demonstrated by disease symptoms and immunoblot detection of ppv capsid protein, while pb1-f2-specific band was more faint. we showed that it was due its low solubi ... | 2014 | 25283863 |
| characterization of the promoter of grapevine vein clearing virus. | grapevine vein clearing virus (gvcv) is a recently discovered dna virus in grapevine that is closely associated with the grapevine vein clearing syndrome observed in vineyards in missouri and surrounding states. the genome sequence of gvcv indicates that it belongs to the genus badnavirus in the family caulimoviridae. to identify the gvcv promoter, we cloned portions of the gvcv large intergenic region in front of a gfp gene present in an agrobacterium tumefaciens binary vector. gfp expression w ... | 2015 | 25281563 |
| development of a single-replicon minibyv vector for co-expression of heterologous proteins. | in planta production of recombinant proteins, including vaccine antigens and monoclonal antibodies, continues gaining acceptance. with the broadening range of target proteins, the need for vectors with higher performance is increasing. here, we have developed a single-replicon vector based on beet yellows virus (byv) that enables co-delivery of two target genes into the same host cell, resulting in transient expression of each target. this byv vector maintained genetic stability during systemic ... | 2015 | 25280556 |
| characterization of the cryptic av3 promoter of ageratum yellow vein virus in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. | a cryptic prokaryotic promoter, designated av3 promoter, has been previously identified in certain begomovirus genus, including ageratum yellow vein virus isolate nt (ayvv-nt). in this study, we demonstrated that the core nucleotides in the putative -10 and -35 boxes are necessary but not sufficient for promoter activity in escherichia coli, and showed that ayvv-nt av3 promoter could specifically interact with single-stranded dna-binding protein and sigma 70 of e. coli involved in transcription. ... | 2014 | 25268755 |
| the cotton wrky transcription factor ghwrky17 functions in drought and salt stress in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana through aba signaling and the modulation of reactive oxygen species production. | drought and high salinity are two major environmental factors that significantly limit the productivity of agricultural crops worldwide. wrky transcription factors play essential roles in the adaptation of plants to abiotic stresses. however, wrky genes involved in drought and salt tolerance in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) are largely unknown. here, a group iid wrky gene, ghwrky17, was isolated and characterized. ghwrky17 was found to be induced after exposure to drought, salt, h2o2 and aba. the ... | 2014 | 25261532 |
| trans-golgi network localized small gtpase raba1d is involved in cell plate formation and oscillatory root hair growth. | small rab gtpases are important regulators of vesicular trafficking in plants. atraba1d, a member of the raba1 subfamily of small gtpases, was previously found in the vesicle-rich apical dome of growing root hairs suggesting a role during tip growth; however, its specific intracellular localization and role in plants has not been well described. | 2014 | 25260869 |
| human antibody response to n-glycans present on plant-made influenza virus-like particle (vlp) vaccines. | plant-made biotherapeutics are gathering momentum and some plant glycoproteins are allergens. glycans with core β1-2xylose and α1,3fucose motifs and antennae terminated by mannose residues (e.g.: mmxf) are found on several plant allergens and can cross-react with glyco-epitopes from other sources. to date, reactivity to these cross-reactive determinants has not been associated with clinical symptoms. | 2014 | 25240757 |