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polyacetylene diversity and bioactivity in orange market and locally grown colored carrots (daucus carota l.).carrots contain a wide array of phytochemicals such as carotenoids, phenolics, alpha-tocopherol, and polyacetylenes. carrots are most known for their pro-vitamin a carotenoids but also contain other phytochemicals with documented health benefits. the phytochemicals in colored carrots present a challenge and opportunity due to the wide diversity of potent bioactive compounds. two commercial carrots, 1 wild carrot, and 13 colored carrot varieties were characterized phytochemically. the carrots wer ...200919950995
differential nuclear envelope assembly at the end of mitosis in suspension-cultured apium graveolens cells.nmcp1 is a plant protein that has a long coiled-coil domain within the molecule. newly identified nmcp2 of daucus carota and apium graveolens showed similar peripheral localization in the interphase nucleus, and the sequence spanning the coiled-coil domain exhibited significant similarity with the corresponding region of nmcp1. to better understand disassembly and assembly of the nuclear envelope (ne) during mitosis, subcellular distribution of nmcp1 and nmcp2 was examined using a. graveolens ce ...201019997923
two new guaiane-type sesquiterpene glycosides from the fruits of daucus carota l.two new guaiane-type sesquiterpene glycosides, 11-o-acetyl-torilolone 8-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (1) and 1beta-hydroxytorilolone 11-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (2), were isolated from the fruits of daucus carota l. their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of ms, nmr spectroscopic analyses coupled with chemical degradation.201020045981
two new guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids from the fruits of daucus carota l.two new guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids containing an interesting epoxy unit, daucuside (1) and daucusol (2) were isolated from the fruits of daucus carota l. their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of ms, nmr spectroscopic analyses coupled with chemical degradation and they were also evaluated for the cytotoxic effects against two human gastric cancer cell lines bgc-823 and ags.201020060880
specific developmental pathways underlie host specificity in the parasitic plant orobanche.parasitic angiosperms are an ecologically and economically important group of plants. however our understanding of the basis for host specificity in these plants is embryonic. recently we investigated host specificity in the parasitic angiosperm orobanche minor, and demonstrated that this host generalist parasite comprises genetically defined races that are physiologically adapted to specific hosts. populations occurring naturally on red clover (trifolium pratense) and sea carrot (daucus carota ...201020081361
anthocyanins in purple-orange carrots (daucus carota l.) do not influence the bioavailability of beta-carotene in young women.purple carrots contain anthocyanins in addition to the provitamin a carotenoids in typical orange carrots. simultaneous consumption of these phytochemicals in carrots may affect the bioavailability of carotenoids. the bioavailability of beta-carotene in humans was assessed from an acute feeding of orange (oc) and purple (pc) carrots with white (wc) as a control. carrot smoothies were served to female subjects (n = 5, aged 21-26 years) for breakfast after 1 week on a low carotenoid diet and overn ...201020131807
one new guaiane-type sesquiterpene glycoside from the fruits of daucus carota l.a new guaiane-type sesquiterpene glycoside, torilolone 8-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (1), together with a known analogue compound, torilolone 11-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (2), was isolated from the fruits of daucus carota l. their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of ms, nmr spectroscopic analyses coupled with chemical degradation. the cytotoxic activities of two isolated compounds were evaluated against two human gastric cancer cell lines bgc-823 and ags using mtt assay.201020187582
influence of thermal processing on hydrolysis and stability of folate poly-gamma-glutamates in broccoli (brassica oleracea var. italica), carrot (daucus carota) and tomato (lycopersicon esculentum).the folate poly-gamma-glutamate profile, their concentrations, and hydrolysis by endogenous gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (ggh) were evaluated in broccoli, carrot and tomato. further studies on the effect of time and temperature on folate poly-gamma-glutamate hydrolysis and stability were carried out in broccoli since this vegetable showed the highest long-chain and total folate poly-gamma-glutamate concentration. the evolution of l-ascorbic acid, total phenols and trolox equivalent antioxidant capac ...201020329724
effect of storage and cooking on beta-carotene isomers in carrots ( daucus carota l. cv. 'stefano').carrots are one of the highest dietary sources of beta-carotene and are naturally high in the (all-e)-beta-carotene isomer, which has higher bioavailability, provitamin a activity, and antioxidant capacity compared to z (cis) isomers. the objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of storage temperature, time, and cooking (boiling for 15 min) on the levels of carotene isomers in 'stefano' carrots. storing carrots at either 4 degrees c to simulate long-term storage or 20 degr ...201020359248
deposition of carotenoids in egg yolk by short-term supplement of coloured carrot (daucus carota) varieties as forage material for egg-laying hens.supplying egg-laying hens with different forage materials may influence egg production and quality. the aim of this study was to examine the short-term effects of standard feed plus 70 g day(-1) per hen of three coloured carrot varieties (orange, yellow and purple) as forage material in comparison with a standard feed control on egg production, egg yolk colour and deposition of carotenoids in the yolk.201020393997
effectiveness of different edu concentrations in ameliorating ozone stress in carrot plants.ethylenediurea (edu) is suggested for use to evaluate plant response under ambient ozone (o(3)) concentrations. four edu treatments, viz. 0 (non-edu), 150, 300 and 450 mg l(-1), applied as soil drench at 10 days interval to carrot (daucus carota l. var. pusa kesar), grown at a tropical suburban site of varanasi experiencing mean o(3) concentration of 36.1 ppb during the experimental period. edu treated plants showed significantly higher antioxidative defense, assimilation capability and reduced ...201020403638
carotenoid biosynthesis genes provide evidence of geographical subdivision and extensive linkage disequilibrium in the carrot.according to the history of the cultivated carrot, root colour can be considered as a structural factor of carrot germplasm. therefore, molecular variations of carotenoid biosynthesis genes, these being involved in colour traits, represent a good putative source of polymorphism related to diversity structure. seven candidate genes involved in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway have been analysed from a sample of 48 individual plants, each one from a different cultivar of carrot (daucus carota l ...201020411232
obtaining carrot (daucus carota l.) plants in isolated microspore cultures.microspores were cultured on the modified b5 liquid medium containing 2.4d (0.1 mg l(-1)), naa (0.1 mg l(-1)), l-glutamine (500 mg l(-1), l-serine (100 mg l(-1)), and sucrose (100 g l(-1)). the developmental stages of microspores and divisions were observed. initially, the formation of binuclear and multicellular structures was noticed. plants regenerated in the cultures in which the tetrad stage of microsporogenesis had predominated. embryoids were still forming 24 weeks after the cultures were ...201020453301
differential effect of sample preservation methods on plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal dna.a wide range of methods are commonly used for preserving environmental samples prior to molecular analyses. however, the effect of these preservation methods on fungal dna is not understood. the objective of this study was to test the effect of eight different preservation methods on the quality and yield of dna extracted from bromus inermis and daucus carota roots colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus, glomus intraradices. the total dna concentration in sample extracts was quantif ...201020470836
nutritional, physical, and sensory evaluation of hydroponic carrots (daucus carota l.) from different nutrient delivery systems.carrot (daucus carota l.) has the highest carotenoid content among foods and is consumed in large quantities worldwide, while at the same time its market demand continues to increase. carotenoids have also been associated with protective effects against cancer and other chronic diseases. the most predominant carotenoids in carrots are beta- and alpha-carotenes. moisture, ash, fat, texture, color, carotene content, and consumer acceptance of carrots grown in a hydroponic system with nutrient film ...201320492130
historical and contemporary gene dispersal in wild carrot (daucus carota ssp. carota) populations.wild carrot is the ancestor of cultivated carrot and is the most important gene pool for carrot breeding. transgenic carrot may be released into the environment in the future. the aim of the present study was to determine how far a gene can disperse in wild carrot populations, facilitating risk assessment and management of transgene introgression from cultivated to wild carrots and helping to design sampling strategies for germplasm collections.201020566679
effect of carrot (daucus carota) microstructure on carotene bioaccessibilty in the upper gastrointestinal tract. 1. in vitro simulations of carrot digestion.studies investigating carotene bioaccessibility (release from the food matrix to a solubilized form) directly from plant material during the process of digestion are scarce, mainly due to the difficulties associated with obtaining such material. therefore, this paper examines the relationship between tissue microstructure and carotene bioaccessibility using an in vitro digestion model. dietary oil provides a pool for the initial solubilization. therefore, carotene partitioning into an emulsified ...201020698537
enhanced disease resistance in transgenic carrot (daucus carota l.) plants over-expressing a rice cationic peroxidase.plant class iii peroxidases are involved in numerous responses related to pathogen resistance including controlling hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) levels and lignin formation. peroxidases catalyze the oxidation of organic compounds using h(2)o(2) as an oxidant. we examined the mechanisms of disease resistance in a transgenic carrot line (p23) which constitutively over-expresses the rice cationic peroxidase osprx114 (previously known as po-c1) and which exhibits enhanced resistance to necrotrophic ...201020730544
effect of carrot (daucus carota) microstructure on carotene bioaccessibility in the upper gastrointestinal tract. 2. in vivo digestions.nutrient bioaccessibility and subsequent absorption will be directly influenced by changes in food structure during gastrointestinal processing. the accompanying paper (tydeman et al. j. agric. food chem. 2010, 58, doi: 10.1021/jf101034a) reported results on the effect of carrot processing on the release of carotene into lipid phases during in vitro gastric and small intestinal digestions. this paper describes results from in vivo digestion of two of the types of processed carrot used previously ...201020806973
association of "candidatus liberibacter solanacearum" with the psyllid, trioza apicalis (hemiptera: triozidae) in europe.the psyllid trioza apicalis förster (hemiptera: triozidae) is a serious pest of carrots, daucus carota l., in europe. carrots exhibiting symptoms of psyllid damage were observed in commercial fields in southern finland in 2008. symptoms in affected plants included leaf curling, yellow and purple discoloration of leaves, stunted growth of shoots and roots, and proliferation of secondary roots. mechanisms by which t. apicalis induces symptoms in plants are not understood, and no plant pathogens ha ...201020857712
arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphopodia and germinated spore exudates trigger ca2+ spiking in the legume and nonlegume root epidermis.• the aim of this study was to investigate ca(2+) responses to endosymbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi in the host root epidermis following pre-infection hyphopodium formation in both legumes and nonlegumes, and to determine to what extent these responses could be mimicked by germinated fungal spore exudate. • root organ cultures of both medicago truncatula and daucus carota, expressing the nuclear-localized cameleon reporter nupyc2.1, were used to monitor am-elicited ca(2+) responses in ...201120880223
ambispora granatensis, a new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, associated with asparagus officinalis in andalucia (spain).a new dimorphic fungal species in the arbuscular mycorrhiza-forming glomeromycota, ambispora granatensis, was isolated from an agricultural site in the province of granada (andalucía, spain) growing in the rhizosphere of asparagus officinalis. it was propagated in pot cultures with trifolium pratense and sorghum vulgare. the fungus also colonized ri t-dna transformed daucus carota roots but did not form spores in these root organ cultures. the spores of the acaulosporoid morph are 90-150 μm diam ...201120952800
effects of harvesting date and storage on the amounts of polyacetylenes in carrots, daucus carota.the amounts of three main polyacetylenes in carrots; falcarinol, falcarindiol, and falcarindiol-3-acetate, were determined by hplc, during three seasons, in carrots harvested several times per season and at different locations in sweden. the amounts of falcarindiol first decreased from a relatively high level and then increased later in the harvest season. the amounts of falcarindiol-3-acetate showed similar variations, whereas the amounts of falcarinol did not exhibit any significant variation ...201020964297
development and in-house validation of allergen-specific elisa tests for the quantification of dau c 1.01, dau c 1.02 and dau c 4 in carrot extracts (daucus carota).even though carrot allergy is common in europe, the amount of different allergens in carrots is still unknown due to a lack of methods for quantitative allergen measurements. the current study aimed at the development of quantitative elisa tests for the known carrot allergens, namely dau c 1.01, dau c 1.02, and dau c 4 in pure carrot extracts. monoclonal antibodies targeting the major carrot allergen isoforms dau c 1.01 and dau c 1.02 were generated and combined in sandwich elisa with rabbit ant ...201021046078
comparison of two liquid-state nmr methods for the determination of saccharides in carrot (daucus carota l.) roots.in order to determine the saccharide content of plant tissues, we studied a new non-destructive and fast analytical method that we call "direct quantitative proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy" (d q (1)h nmr): the application of quantitative proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (q (1)h nmr) to non modified plant tissues along with capillary tubes containing a reference compound (for quantification) and deuterium oxide (for locking). using this method, the saccharide content ...201121046086
high-level expression of human interferon alpha-2b in transgenic carrot (daucus carota l.) plants.in this study, we report the obtaining of carrot plants expressing human interferon alpha-2b via agrobacterium-mediated transformation using two vector constructs containing the sequence coding for interferon gene fused with nicotiana plumbagenifolia calreticulin apoplast targeting signal driven by 35s camv promoter and root-specific mll promoter. the human interferon alpha-2b gene was correctly translated in carrot plants according to western blot analysis. the recombinant protein exhibited ant ...201021046110
effects of ten antibiotics on seed germination and root elongation in three plant species.we applied a screening-level phytotoxicity assay to evaluate the effects of 10 antibiotics (at concentrations ranging from 1 to 10,000 μg/l) on germination and early plant growth using three plant species: lettuce (lactuca sativa), alfalfa (medicago sativa), and carrot (daucus carota). the range of phytotoxicity of the antibiotics was large, with ec₂₅s ranging from 3.9 μg/l to >10,000 μg/l. chlortetracycline, levofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole were the most phytotoxic antibiotics. d. carota was ...201121107831
a study on the effect of few eco-friendly manures on the growth attributes of carrot (daucus carota l.).a pot culture study was carried out at avinashilingam deemed university, coimbatore to assess the effect of few organic manures (herbal microfertilizer, humic acid, farm yard manure (fym), biofertilizer) and npk on the growth attributes of carrot. among the parameters observed, the germination percentage was highest in fym treated pots on 7 das (days after sowing) and in npk treated pots on 21, 28 and 30 das. the parameters, such as root length, crown length and vigour index, were studied on 30, ...200921114148
molecular characterization and functional analysis of sucrose-cleaving enzymes in carrot (daucus carota l.).the amount of carbon transported into storage organs of crop plants to a large degree determines crop yield. the role of sucrose-cleaving enzymes in this process is not clear and it is the main goal of our work to tackle this question. sucrose cleavage is catalysed either by invertase or sucrose synthase both of which exist in several isoforms with different subcellular locations. carrot (daucus carota l.) contains three major isoenzymes of acid invertase, which either accumulate as soluble poly ...199621245247
essential oils of daucus carota subsp. carota of tunisia obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction.the essential oils and supercritical co2 extracts of wild daucus carota l. subsp. carota from two different sites in tunisia were investigated. the main components of the essential oil of the flowering and mature umbels with seeds from sejnane were eudesm-7(11)-en-4-ol (8.2 - 8.5%), carotol (3.5 - 5.2%), sabinene (12.0 -14.5%), a-selinene (7.4 - 8.6) and 11-alpha-(h)-himachal-4-en-1-beta-ol (12.7 - 17.4%), whereas the oils from tunis were predominantly composed of elemicin (31.5 - 35.3%) and car ...201021299130
[influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on growth and phoxim residue of carrot (daucus carota l.)].a pot culture experiment was carried out to study the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi on the growth and phoxim residue of carrot (daucus carota l). four levels of phoxim (0, 200, 400, 800 mg x l(-1)) and two am fungal inocula, glomus intraradices beg 141(141), glomus mosseae beg 167 (167),and one nonmycorrhizal inoculum (ck), were applied to the sterilized soil. the plants were harvested after 5 months of growth and phoxim was irrigated into the root zone 14 d before plant harvest ...201021360902
anthocyanin composition of black carrot (daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens alef.) cultivars antonina, beta sweet, deep purple, and purple haze.this study aimed to identify the pigment composition of black carrot (daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens alef.) cultivars antonina, beta sweet, deep purple, and purple haze. cyanidin 3-xylosyl(glucosyl)galactosides acylated with sinapic acid, ferulic acid, and coumaric acid were detected as major anthocyanins by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (hplc-dad) and with electrospray ionization multiple mass spectrometry (hplc-esi-ms(n)) analyses. the preparativ ...201121381748
carotene and novel apocarotenoid concentrations in orange-fleshed cucumis melo melons: determinations of β-carotene bioaccessibility and bioavailability.muskmelons, both cantaloupe (cucumis melo reticulatus group) and orange-fleshed honeydew (c. melo inodorus group), a cross between orange-fleshed cantaloupe and green-fleshed honeydew, are excellent sources of β-carotene. although β-carotene from melon is an important dietary antioxidant and precursor of vitamin a, its bioaccessibility/bioavailability is unknown. we compared β-carotene concentrations from previously frozen orange-fleshed honeydew and cantaloupe melons grown under the same glassh ...201121417375
differences in protodermal cell wall structure in zygotic and somatic embryos of daucus carota (l.) cultured on solid and in liquid media.the ultrastructure, cuticle, and distribution of pectic epitopes in outer periclinal walls of protodermal cells of daucus carota zygotic and somatic embryos from solid and suspension culture were investigated. lipid substances were present as a continuous layer in zygotic and somatic embryos cultured on solid medium. somatic embryos from suspension cultures were devoid of cuticle. the ultrastructure of the outer walls of protodermis of embryos was similar in zygotic and somatic embryos from soli ...201221424614
[spontaneous spectinomycin resistance mutations of the chloroplast rrn16 gene in daucus carota callus lines].bioballistic transformation of carrot daucus carota l. callus cultures with a plasmid containing the aada (aminoglycoside 3'-adenyltransferase) gene and subsequent selection oftransformants on a selective medium containing spectinomycin (100-500 mg/l) yielded ten callus lines resistant to this antibiotic. pcr analysis did not detect exogenous dna in the genomes of spectinomycin-resistant calluses. resistance proved to be due to spontaneous mutations that occurred in two different regions of the ...201121446181
[qtl mapping for contents of main carotenes and lycopene in carrot (daucus carota l.)].an f2 population derived from two carrot inbred lines, p50006 and hcm a.c. with high carotene accumulation, was developed and used to map and analyze quantitative trait locus (qtl) associated with the accumulation of alpha and beta-carotene, total carotene and lycopene. broad-sense heritabilities of these traits were 0.75, 0.50, 0.31, and 0.93, respectively. a genetic map with 91 srap (sequence-related amplified polymorphism) markers was developed, which spanned 502.9 cm in 9 linkage groups with ...201021513156
dchsp17.7, a small heat shock protein in carrot, is tissue-specifically expressed under salt stress and confers tolerance to salinity.the expression and function of dchsp17.7, a small heat shock protein in carrot (daucus carota l.), were examined under salt stress, which is an exacerbating environmental condition due to water shortage and irrigation. dchsp17.7 was constitutively expressed in leaf and stem tissues under normal growth conditions. upon exposure to 300mm nacl, the protein level of dchsp17.7 increased dramatically in leaf tissue, but did not significantly change in stem tissue. native-page analysis showed tissue-sp ...201121539946
comparative fish mapping of daucus species (apiaceae family).the cytogenetic characterization of the carrot genome (daucus carota l., 2n = 18) has been limited so far, partly because of its somatic chromosome morphology and scant of chromosome markers. here, we integrate the carrot linkage groups with pachytene chromosomes by fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) mapping genetically anchored bacterial artificial chromosomes (bacs). we isolated a satellite repeat from the centromeric regions of the carrot chromosomes, which facilitated the study of the ...201121547583
plants as biofactories: physiological role of reactive oxygen species on the accumulation of phenolic antioxidants in carrot tissue under wounding and hyperoxia stress.plants subjected to postharvest abiotic stresses synthesize secondary metabolites with health-promoting properties. here, we report the potential use of carrots (daucus carota) as biofactories of caffeoylquinic acids when subjected to wounding and hyperoxia stresses. wounding stress induced an increase of ∼287% in total phenolic content (pc) in carrots stored for 48 h at 20 °c. this increase was higher (∼349%) in the wounded tissue treated with hyperoxia stress. to further understand the physiol ...201121553806
metabolic fingerprinting reveals differences between shoots of wild and cultivated carrot (daucus carota l.) and suggests maternal inheritance or wild trait dominance in hybrids.differences between the metabolic content of cultivars and their related wild species not only have implications for breeding and food quality, but also for the increasingly studied area of crop to wild introgression. wild and cultivated western carrots belong to the same outcrossing species and hybridize under natural conditions. the metabolic fingerprinting of dutch wild carrot and of western orange carrot cultivar shoots using (1)h nmr showed only quantitative differences in chemical content, ...201121601898
occurrence of clostridium perfringens from different cultivated soils.the occurrence of clostridium perfringens was estimated in 750 samples originated from a variety of soils bearing various bulb crops: brawnica oderacea (vegetable), olea europaea, daucus carota (carote), solanum tuberosum (potato), phaseolus vulgaris (green haricot), beta vulgaris var. rapaceum (beetroot), cucurbita pepo (squash), allium cepa (onion), cucumis sativus (cucumber) and capsicum annum (pepper). all isolated strains were tested for their antimicrobial activities to amoxicillin, penici ...201121621626
post-dispersal seed fates of four prairie species.after dispersal, seeds can germinate and establish as seedlings, persist as seeds, or die. knowledge of these three seed fates is crucial for understanding the abundance and distribution of plant populations and ultimately, community composition and diversity. few studies, however, have simultaneously measured these fates, while also examining the factors causing mortality. the goal of this research was to simultaneously quantify the three seed fates and factors causing death (predation and fung ...200321659169
molecular systematics of apiaceae subfamily apioideae: phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacer and plastid rpo c1 intron sequences.evolutionary relationships among representatives of apiaceae (umbelliferae) subfamily apioideae have been inferred from phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacer (its 1 and its 2) and plastid rpoc1 intron sequences. high levels of nucleotide sequence variation preclude the use of the its region for examining relationships across subfamilial boundaries in apiaceae, whereas the rpoc1 intron is more suitably conserved for family-wide phylogenetic study but is too co ...199821684940
characterisation of polyacetylenes isolated from carrot (daucus carota) extracts by negative ion tandem mass spectrometry.the potential use of negative electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (esi-ms) in the characterisation of the three polyacetylenes common in carrots (daucus carota) has been assessed. the ms scans have demonstrated that the polyacetylenes undergo a modest degree of in-source decomposition in the negative ionisation mode while the positive ionisation mode has shown predominantly sodiated ions and no [m+h](+) ions. tandem mass spectrometric (ms/ms) studies have shown that the polyacetylenes foll ...201121735506
quantitative proteomics by 2de and maldi ms/ms uncover the effects of organic and conventional cropping methods on vegetable products.organic farming aims to be environmentally sound, but the question as to whether organic cropping brings more nutritional benefits to farmers and consumers than the conventional cropping needs still to be answered. to gain insights into the molecular effects of organic farming we used proteome analysis to analyze cabbage (brassica oleracea l. var 'capitata') and carrot (daucus carota var. 'sativus') our aim was to identify the metabolic pathways that are affected by different cropping regimes an ...201121757040
influence of high-pressure processing on the profile of polyglutamyl 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in selected vegetables.in plants, folate occurs predominantly as 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5mthf) polyglutamyl forms. differences in stability and bioavailability of food folate compared to synthetic folic acid have been attributed to the presence of the polyglutamyl chain. high-pressure processing (hpp) was tested for whether it might shorten polyglutamyl chains of 5mthf species in fresh vegetables by enabling action of native γ-glutamylhydrolase (ggh). a validated ultrahigh-performance reversed-phase liquid chromato ...201121770413
chemopreventive effects of wild carrot oil against 7,12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene-induced squamous cell carcinoma in mice.context: daucus carota l. ssp. carota (apiacea) is widely distributed throughout the world and has many uses in traditional medicine. objective: the present study investigates the chemopreventive effects of oil extract of d. carota umbels on 7,12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (dmba)-induced skin cancer in mice. materials and methods: d. carota oil extract (dcoe) was prepared by extracting the dried umbels with 50:50 acetone:methanol. skin papilloma were initiated by dmba and promoted by 12-o-tetrad ...201121777042
purification, crystallization and x-ray diffraction study of extracellular dermal glycoprotein from carrot and the inhibition complex that it forms with an endo-ß-glucanase from aspergillus aculeatus.extracellular dermal glycoprotein (edgp) may play an important role in the plant defence system of the carrot (daucus carota) as it has inhibitory activity against endo-ß-glucanase produced by invading pathogens. here, edgp and the inhibition complex that it forms with fi-cmcase, a carboxyl methyl cellulase from aspergillus aculeatus, were successfully crystallized. the hexagonal crystal of edgp belonged to space group p6(2), with unit-cell parameters a = b = 130.4, c = 44.5 å, ? = 120°. the mon ...201121795806
spectroscopic studies on bioactive polyacetylenes and other plant components in wild carrot root.polyacetylenes and other common plant components, such as starch, pectin, cellulose, and lignin, were studied in roots of the wild carrot (daucus carota) subspecies d. carota subsp. gummifer and d. carota subsp. maximus by raman spectroscopy. the components were measured in situ, directly in the plant tissue and without any preliminary sample preparation. the analysis was performed on the basis of the intense and characteristic key bands observed in the raman spectrum. the two main carrot polyac ...201121800857
bioactive chemicals from carrot (daucus carota) juice extracts for the treatment of leukemia.overwhelming evidence indicates that consumption of fruits and vegetables with antioxidant properties correlates with reduced risk for cancers, including leukemia. carrots contain beneficial agents, such as β-carotene and polyacetylenes, which could be effective in the treatment of leukemia. this study investigated the effect of carrot juice extracts on myeloid and lymphoid leukemia cell lines together with normal hematopoietic stem cells. leukemia cell lines and nontumor control cells were trea ...201121864090
A novel chimeric MOMP antigen expressed in Escherichia coli, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Daucus carota as a potential Chlamydia trachomatis vaccine candidate.The major outer membrane protein (MOMP) of Chlamydia trachomatis is a highly antigenic and hydrophobic transmembrane protein. Our attempts to express the full-length protein in a soluble form in Escherichia coli and in transgenic plants failed. A chimeric gene construct of C. trachomatis serovar E MOMP was designed in order to increase solubility of the MOMP protein but with retained antigenicity. The designed construct was successfully expressed in E. coli, in Arabidopsis thaliana, and in Daucu ...201121903168
carryover of perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) from soil to plant and distribution to the different plant compartments studied in cultures of carrots (daucus carota ssp. sativus), potatoes (solanum tuberosum), and cucumbers (cucumis sativus).a vegetation study was carried out to investigate the carryover of perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) from soil mixed with contaminated sewage sludge to potato, carrot, and cucumber plants. analysis was done by liquid-extraction using acetonitrile with dispersive spe cleanup and subsequent hplc-ms/ms. in order to assess the transfer potential from soil, transfer factors (tf) were calculated for the different plant compartments: tf = [pfc](plant (wet substance))/[p ...201121905714
Uranium in vegetable foodstuffs: should residents near the Cunha Baixa uranium mine site (Central Northern Portugal) be concerned?Large uranium accumulations in vegetable foodstuffs may present risks of human health if they are consumed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the uranium concentrations in different vegetable foodstuffs and grown in agricultural soils, which are then consumed by the residents of the village of Cunha Baixa (Portugal),-located in an former uranium mining area. This study was conducted to address concerns expressed by the local farmers as well as to provide data for uranium-related health ...201121964853
[cloning and bioinformatic analysis of pqerf1 gene in panax quinquefolius].erf family transcription factor (tf) represented ethylene-responsive protein which harbored a conserved ap2 domain. after searching the plant transcription factor database, a total of 75 unigenes was found which contained ap2 domain from the transcriptome dataset of panax quinquefolius l. one unique sequence of erf transcript, named as pqerf1, was cloned with entire open reading frame of 933 base pairs (bp). protein prediction result indicated that the gene was localized in nucleus and had a con ...201122007529
The influence of the fungal pathogen Mycocentrospora acerina on the proteome and polyacetylenes and 6-methoxymellein in organic and conventionally cultivated carrots (Daucus carota) during post harvest storage.Many carrots are discarded during post harvest cold storage due to development of fungal infections, caused by, e.g., Mycocentrospora acerina (liquorice rot). We compared the susceptibility of carrots grown under conventional and organic agricultural practices. In one year, organically cultivated carrots showed 3× to 7× more symptoms than conventionally cultivated, when studying naturally occurring disease at 4 and 6months, respectively. On the other hand, we have developed a bioassay for infect ...201222075166
effects of dietary fruits, vegetables and a herbal tea on the in vitro transport of cimetidine: comparing the caco-2 model with porcine jejunum tissue.context: dietary botanicals are often consumed together with allopathic medicines, which may give rise to pharmacokinetic interactions. in vitro intestinal models are useful to identify botanical-drug interactions, but they may exhibit different expressions of transporters or enzymes. objective: to compare the effects of selected dietary botanical extracts on cimetidine transport across two in vitro intestinal models. materials and methods: bi-directional transport of cimetidine was measured ...201122085278
identification of a dau c prplike protein (dau c 1.03) as a new allergenic isoform in carrots (cultivar rodelika).up to 25% of food allergic subjects in central europe suffer from carrot allergy. until now, two isoforms of the major carrot (daucus carota) allergen dau c 1 have been described: dau c 1.01, comprising five variants (dau c 1.0101-dau c 1.0105) and dau c 1.02.201222093066
the survival of e. coli o157:h7, s. typhimurium and l. monocytogenes in black carrot (daucus carota) juice.in this study the survival and growth patterns of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes in various concentrations of black carrot juice were investigated during incubation period at 4°c and 37°c for 7days. several parameters, such as juice concentration (%), ph, incubation temperature (°c) and time (days) were found effective on the survival of pathogens tested. although l. monocytogenes has been found to be the less resistant microorganism to the variable c ...201122153385
polyacetylenes in fresh and stored carrots (daucus carota): relations to root morphology and sugar content.carrot roots contain polyacetylenes, reported to be both beneficial and distasteful when consumed by humans. this study aimed to investigate the relationships between polyacetylene contents, root morphology and sugar content in order to increase the opportunities to optimise the composition of polyacetylenes in carrots.201222190221
effects of genotype, soil type, year and fertilisation on sensory and morphological attributes of carrots (daucus carota l.).the aim of the study was to investigate the effects of variety, soil type and fertilisation, and the interactions between these factors, on yield and quality traits of carrots.201222231302
survival of three commercially available natural enemies exposed to michigan wildflowers.flowering plants are often used in habitat management programs to conserve the arthropod natural enemies of insect pests. in this study, nine species of flowering plants representing six families commonly found in north america east of the rocky mountains were evaluated based on how much they extended the lifespans of three commercially available natural enemy species in cages with cut flower stems compared with cages containing water only. the natural enemies used in the experiments were a lady ...201122251728
effects of bioactive compounds from carrots (daucus carota l.), polyacetylenes, beta-carotene and lutein on human lymphoid leukaemia cells.new therapies for leukaemia are urgently needed. carrots have been suggested as a potential treatment for leukaemia in traditional medicine and have previously been studied in other contexts as potential sources of anticancer agents. indicating that carrots may contain bioactive compounds, which may show potential in leukaemia therapies. this study investigated the effects of five fractions from carrot juice extract (cje) on human lymphoid leukaemia cell lines, together with five purified bioact ...201222263789
alternative oxidase (aox) and phenolic metabolism in methyl jasmonate-treated hairy root cultures of daucus carota l.methyl-jasmonate (mj)-treated hairy roots of daucus carota l. were used to study the influence of alternative oxidase (aox) in phenylpropanoid metabolism. phenolic acid accumulation, as well as total flavonoids and lignin content of the mj-treated hairy roots were decreased by treatment with salicylhydroxamic acid (sham), a known inhibitor of aox. the inhibitory effect of sham was concentration dependent. treatment with propyl gallate (pg), another inhibitor of aox, also had a similar inhibitory ...201222326792
mitochondrial gene diversity associated with the atp9 stop codon in natural populations of wild carrot (daucus carota ssp. carota).mitochondrial genomes extracted from the wild populations of daucus carota have been used as a genetic resource by breeders of cultivated carrot, yet little is known concerning the extent of their diversity in nature. of special interest is an snp in the putative stop codon of the mitochondrial gene atp9 that has been associated previously with male-sterile and male-fertile phenotypic variants. in this study, either the sequence or pcr/rflp genotypes were obtained from the mitochondrial genes at ...201222337997
fluorescent in situ hybridization with arbitrarily amplified dna fragments differentiates carrot (daucus carota l.) chromosomes.carrot (daucus carota l.) chromosomes are small and poorly differentiated in size and morphology. here we demonstrate that fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) signals derived from arbitrary pcr probes can be used for chromosome identification in carrot. to prepare probes, we searched for nonpolymorphic products abundantly amplified with arbitrary decamer primers in a group of accessions representing carrot genetic diversity. as a result, 13 fragments ranging in size from 517 to 1758 bp were ...201222360760
[obtaining of hairy-root, callus and suspension carrot culture (daucus carota l.) able to accumulate human interferon alpha-2b].here we report the obtaining of suspension, callus and hairy root culture initiated from carrot plants of nantskaya and perfektzya variety with the highest level of recombinant human interferon alpha-2b accumulation exhibited the highest level of plant protein extract antiviral activity (up to 12.8 x 10(3) iu/mg tsp). the antiviral activity of callus extracts was significantly lower comparing to the activity of plant extracts from parent organisms. however, the antiviral activity level of suspen ...201622420216
content of carotenoids in roots of seventeen cultivars of daucus carota l.the aim of this study was to compare the content of carotenoids in seventeen cultivars of carrots grown in poland. conventional orange cultivars with rarely grown were compared: white, yellow and purple with yellow core cultivars. to determine the content of carotenoids, extracts from lyophilized carrot roots were prepared and analyzed by spectrophotometric as well as hplc methods with dad detector. the highest content of carotenoids was found in cultivars: 'korund f(1)' (48 mg/100g of fresh wei ...201222428130
high-throughput cryopreservation of plant cell cultures for functional genomics.suspension-cultured cell lines from plant species are useful for genetic engineering. however, maintenance of these lines is laborious, involves routine subculturing and hampers wider use of transgenic lines, especially when many lines are required for a high-throughput functional genomics application. cryopreservation of these lines may reduce the need for subculturing. here, we established a simple protocol for cryopreservation of cell lines from five commonly used plant species, arabidopsis t ...201222437846
molecular cloning, sequence characterization of a novel pepper gene nadp-icdh and its effect on cytoplasmic male sterility.nadp-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (nadp-icdh) is an important enzyme involved in energy metabolism. the complete coding sequence of the pepper (capsicum annuum) nadp-icdh gene was amplified using a reverse transcriptase pcr based on the conserved sequence information of the tomato and other solanaceae plants and known highly homologous pepper ests. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the pepper nadp-icdh gene encodes a protein of 415 amino acids that has high homology with the prote ...201222653649
continuous and long-term monoxenic culture of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus gigaspora decipiens in root organ culture.establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) germplasm collections is complex because of the obligate biotrophic nature of am fungi. only a few am species are routinely maintained in monoxenic culture with ri t-dna transformed roots as host. incorporation of new am species into this culture system is important for molecular, physiological, and taxonomical studies. here we report for the first time the successful monoxenic culture of gigaspora decipiens (ja2 strain) with transformed carrot (daucu ...201222658317
nutritional content and antioxidant properties of pulp waste from daucus carota and beta vulgaris.this study reports the chemical composition and antioxidant potential of pulp waste from two vegetables, carrot (daucus carota) and beetroot (beta vulgaris). different in vitro assays used for determining antioxidant potential of extracts of pulp wastes were: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) radical scavenging capacity, reducing power and total antioxidant activity by phosphomolybdenum method. total polyphenols, tannins and antioxidative components such as vitamin c, total carotenoids and β- ...201022691993
predator-prey relationships on apiaceae at an organic farm.orius insidiosus (say) and o. pumilio (champion) were confirmed to be sympatric in north central florida as the major predators of the florida flower thrips, frankliniella bispinosa (morgan), on flowers of queen anne's lace, daucus carota l. and false queen anne's lace, ammi majus l. f. bispinosa was the predominant thrips observed on both flowers but colonized d. carota to a greater extent and earlier in the season than a. majus. despite differences in the abundance of f. bispinosa on the two p ...201222732606
a protocol to remove colored metabolites and other inhibitors from plant tissues to facilitate rna isolation suitable for downstream applications.this work developed a protocol to remove colored metabolites and other interfering substances to facilitate rna isolation. these metabolites otherwise hinder rna isolation and downstream applications. the developed protocol used sodium dodecyl sulphate, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, and ethanol in a definite ratio that removed the said metabolites from the tissue and aided isolation of rna using the existing methods. the protocol was developed for red colored roots of arnebia euchroma and w ...201222736512
the potential of five winter-grown crops to reduce root-knot nematode damage and increase yield of tomato.broccoli (brassica oleracea), carrot (daucus carota), marigold (tagetes patula), nematode-resistant tomato (solanum lycopersicum), and strawberry (fragaria ananassa) were grown for three years during the winter in a root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita) infested field in southern california. each year in the spring, the tops of all crops were shredded and incorporated in the soil. amendment with poultry litter was included as a sub-treatment. the soil was then covered with clear plastic for ...201022736848
differential selection on carotenoid biosynthesis genes as a function of gene position in the metabolic pathway: a study on the carrot and dicots.selection of genes involved in metabolic pathways could target them differently depending on the position of genes in the pathway and on their role in controlling metabolic fluxes. this hypothesis was tested in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway using population genetics and phylogenetics.201222737218
the antioxidant and anticancer effects of wild carrot oil extract.daucus carota l. ssp. carota (apiacea) is used in traditional medicine in lebanon and in different regions throughout the world. the present study investigates the in vitro anticancer activities of daucus carota oil extract (dcoe) on four human cancer cell lines as well as its in vitro antioxidant activity. dcoe was extracted from the dried umbels with 50:50 acetone-methanol. the oil extract was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and screened for its antioxidant properties in vitro ...201322815230
changes in carrot (daucus carota) parenchyma at higher temperatures detected in vivo by dynamic mechanical (thermal) analysis.the outer parenchyma of carrot was tested using dynamic mechanical analysis (dma), in air with 90% humidity between 30 and 90°c. temperature plots of storage (sm i.e. elastic) and loss (lm i.e. inelastic) moduli were obtained. the sm and lm values were the basis for the calculation of the loss tangent (lt), the parameter expressing the ratio of inelastic to elastic parenchyma toughness. as expected, the tissue toughness decreased with increasing temperature. for both moduli, two characteristic t ...201222836082
a bifasic response to cadmium stress in carrot: early acclimatory mechanisms give way to root collapse further to prolonged metal exposure.very few studies have provided information about the effects of cadmium (cd) at histoanatomical and ultrastructural levels, along with potential localization of the metal in planta. in particular, from this standpoint, almost nothing is known in daucus carota l. (carrot), a particularly important species for in vitro and in vivo functional investigations. in this work we hypothesized that 36 μm cd, supplied for 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 14 days to 30-day-old in vitro-cultured plants, might induce an ear ...201222868210
molecular mapping of vernalization requirement and fertility restoration genes in carrot.carrot (daucus carota l.) is a cool-season vegetable normally classified as a biennial species, requiring vernalization to induce flowering. nevertheless, some cultivars adapted to warmer climates require less vernalization and can be classified as annual. most modern carrot cultivars are hybrids which rely upon cytoplasmic male-sterility for commercial production. one major gene controlling floral initiation and several genes restoring male fertility have been reported but none have been mapped ...201323015218
plants as biofactories: glyphosate-induced production of shikimic acid and phenolic antioxidants in wounded carrot tissue.the use of plants to produce chemical compounds with pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications has intensified in recent years. in this regard, genetic engineering is the most commonly used tool to generate crop lines with enhanced concentrations of desirable chemicals. however, growing genetically modified plants is still limited because they are perceived as potential biological hazards that can create an ecological imbalance. the application of postharvest abiotic stresses on plants induc ...201223101679
clarification and pasteurisation effects on monomeric anthocyanins and percent polymeric colour of black carrot (daucus carota l.) juice.black carrots (bcs) are a rich source of stable anthocyanins (acns). the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of clarification and pasteurisation on acns of black carrot juice (bcj). monomeric acns, acn profile and percent polymeric colour were determined during processing of bcj. while depectinisation and bentonite treatments resulted in 7% and 20% increases in monomeric acn content of bcj, respectively, gelatine-kieselsol treatment and pasteurisation resulted in 10% and 3-16% redu ...201223107727
carbonaceous soil amendments to biofortify crop plants with zinc.carbonaceous soil amendments, comprising mixtures of biosolids and biochar, have been demonstrated to improve fertility while reducing nitrate leaching. we aimed to determine the efficacy of a biosolids/biochar soil amendment in biofortification of vegetables with zn, an element that is deficient in one third of humanity. we grew beetroot (beta vulgaris), spinach (spinacia oleracea), radish (raphanus sativus), broccoli (brassica oleracea), carrot (daucus carota), leek (allium ampeloprsum), onion ...201323146312
morphological markers for the detection of introgression from cultivated into wild carrot (daucus carota l.) reveal dominant domestication traits.hybridisation and subsequent introgression have recently received much attention in the context of genetically modified crops. but crop-wild hybrid detection in the field can be difficult, as most domestication traits seem to be recessive, and the hybrid phenotype may also depend on the direction of the cross or environmental factors. our aim was to develop a reliable set of morphological markers that differ between two wild and 13 cultivated carrots (daucus carota l.) and to evaluate their inhe ...201323173917
[cloning of eleutherococcus senticosus calmodulin gene and effect of endophytic fungus on expression amount of gene].to clone calmodulin (cam) gene in eleutherococcus senticosus, and study the effect of endophytic fungi on expression amount of cam gene.201223189731
fusion of spinach mesophyll protoplasts with carrot root parenchyma protoplasts and the effect on spinach chloroplasts.mesophyll protoplasts of spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) have been fused, using polyethylene glycol, with root parenchyma protoplasts of carrot (daucus carota l.) to enable studies of spinach chloroplasts in a foreign cytoplasm. after 24 h culture, electron microscopy of the fused protoplasts showed many intact chloroplasts, but some chloroplasts were completely disrupted, showing loss of chloroplast envelope and stroma. spinach protoplasts showed normal chloroplast structure 24 h after peg treat ...198423196088
selection and nuclear dna analysis of cell hybrids between daucus carota and oryza sativa.in order to study the fate of the parental genomes in somatic cell hybrids between distantly related species, protoplasts from cultured cells of daucus carota and oryza sativa were fused. selective conditions resulted, exclusively, in the growth of hybrid colonies which combined the capacity to multiply of carrot cells with the natural resistance to a2ca of rice cells. a methodology for measuring the relative contribution of the parental cells to the hybrid nuclear genome has been worked out. th ...198523196174
influence of boron nutrition on net uptake and efflux of (32)p and (14)c-glucose in helianthus annuus roots and cell cultures of daucus carota.(32)p and (14)c-glucose uptake were reduced under b deficiency in both daucus cell suspensions and helianthus roots. similarly, efflux rates were found to be smaller in b deficient material. efflux rates tended to be more affected than net uptake of both (32)p and glucose. this may explain why sunflower roots showed a higher glucose net uptake immediately after transferring from a b sufficient to a b deficient nutrient solution. the data confirm earlier findings of b as an essential element for ...198523196176
reducing the bioavailability of pcbs in soil to plant by biochars assessed with triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membrane technique.coupling with triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (tecam) technique, hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrins (hpcd) extraction method, and the greenhouse pot experiments, the influences of biochars on polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) bioavailability in soil to plant (brassica chinensis l. and daucus carota) were investigated. addition of 2% biochars to soils significantly reduced the uptake of pcbs in plant, especially for di-, tri- and tetra-chlorobiphenyls. pcbs concentrations in the roots of b ...201323279904
wild vegetable mixes sold in the markets of dalmatia (southern croatia).dalmatia is an interesting place to study the use of wild greens as it lies at the intersection of influence of slavs, who do not usually use many species of wild greens, and mediterranean culinary culture, where the use of multiple wild greens is common. the aim of the study was to document the mixtures of wild green vegetables which are sold in all the vegetable markets of dalmatia.201323286393
influence of field attack by carrot psyllid (trioza apicalis förster) on sensory quality, antioxidant capacity and content of terpenes, falcarindiol and 6-methoxymellein of carrots (daucus carota l.).the effect of different degrees of attack by carrot psyllid (trioza apicalis) on quality parameters of carrots was studied in field experiments for two years. treatments were different degrees of physical insect protection by floating row cover. an increasing attack level of psyllids showed an enhancement effect on the antioxidant capacity (orac), content of falcarindiol, 6-methoxymellein, and terpenes, and scores for bitter taste, chemical flavor, terpene flavor, and toughness. carrot psyllid a ...201323414489
effect of endogenous ascorbic acid oxidase activity and stability on vitamin c in carrots (daucus carota subsp. sativus) during thermal treatment.the purpose of this research was to study the effect of endogenous ascorbic acid oxidase (aao) on vitamin c in carrots (daucus carota subsp. sativus), namely nantes, egmont gold and baby carrots during thermal treatment. enzyme-substrate reaction kinetics of aao were described using michaelis-menten equation. the estimated k(m) and v(max) values of aao ranged from 50.34 to 63.54 μm and 23.70 to 26.82 μmol/min, respectively. nantes carrots had the lowest aao activity. on the other hand, egmont go ...201223442658
against the traffic: the first evidence for mitochondrial dna transfer into the plastid genome.transfer of dna between different compartments of the plant cell, i.e., plastid, mitochondrion and nucleus, is a well-known phenomenon in plant evolution. six directions of inter-compartmental dna migration are possible in theory, however only four of them have been previously reported. these include frequent cases of mitochondrion and plastid to nucleus transfer, plastid to mitochondrion transfer, and rare nucleus to mitochondrion migrations. the connection between the plastid and mitochondrial ...201223481035
identification of allergen-resolved threshold doses of carrot (daucus carota) by means of oral challenge and elisa. 201323498592
levels of lycopene β-cyclase 1 modulate carotenoid gene expression and accumulation in daucus carota.plant carotenoids are synthesized and accumulated in plastids through a highly regulated pathway. lycopene β-cyclase (lcyb) is a key enzyme involved directly in the synthesis of α-carotene and β-carotene through the cyclization of lycopene. carotenoids are produced in both carrot (daucus carota) leaves and reserve roots, and high amounts of α-carotene and β-carotene accumulate in the latter. in some plant models, the presence of different isoforms of carotenogenic genes is associated with an org ...201323555569
assessment of allelopathic properties of aloe ferox mill. on turnip, beetroot and carrot.turnip (brassica rapa var. rapa l.), beetroot (beta vulgaris l.) and carrot (daucus carota l.) are common vegetables in south africa. the allelopathic potential of aqueous leaf and root extracts of aloe ferox mill.- a highly valued medicinal plant- was evaluated against seed germination and seedling growth of the three vegetables in petri dish experiments. the extracts were tested at concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mg/ml. leaf extract concentrations above 4 mg/ml inhibited the germination o ...201223558992
in vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extracts of daucus carota seeds in experimental animals.to assess the in vivo antioxidfant and hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract of daucus carota (d. carota) seeds in experimental animals.201223569935
effect of processing parameters on physico-chemical and culinary quality of dried carrot slices.the investigation was carried out to evaluate the carrot (daucus carota) cultivars, to optimize the pre-treatments, time and temperature combination for drying carrot slices and to assess the suitability of the dried product for culinary preparations. among the 4 cultivars, ('pc-34', 'sel-21', 'ambala local' and 'nantes') the last one showed the best physico-chemical characteristics for dehydration. the dried carrot slices with highly desirable physico-chemical characteristics could be prepared ...201123572730
spontaneous spectinomycin resistance mutations detected after biolistic transformation of daucus carota l.spectinomycin resistant mutant carrot (daucus carota l.) callus lines detected in the experiments on biolistic transformation of plastome were analyzed. it has been found that this antibiotic resistance is determined by point nucleotide substitutions at two distinct sites of the chloroplast gene rrn16, coding for 16s rrna, namely, g1012t, g1012c, and a1138g. the detected mutations are localized to the 16s rrna region forming helix h34, which contains spectinomycin binding site, and lead to its d ...201123572997
yield, chemical composition and nutritional quality responses of carrot, radish and turnip to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide.future concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is very important due to its apparent economic and environmental impact in terms of climate change. however, a compressive assessment of its effect on the nutritional and chemical characteristics of food crops has yet to be established. in the present study the impact of elevated atmospheric co2 on the yield, chemical composition and nutritional quality of three root vegetables, carrot (daucus carota l. cv. t-1-111), radish (raphanus sativ ...201323576218
antibiotic uptake by plants from manure-amended soils.antibiotics are extensively given to livestock to promote growth and reduce diseases. therefore, animal manure often contains antibiotics. once manure is applied to agricultural land to improve soil productivity, crops would be exposed to antibiotics which may persist in soils from a few to several hundred days. the objective of this study was to evaluate the uptake of gentamicin and streptomycin by carrot (daucus carota), lettuce (lactuca sativa) and radish (rhaphanus sativus) from manure-amend ...201323581689
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