Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| release of somatic embryogenic potential from excised zygotic embryos of carrot and maintenance of proembryonic cultures in hormone-free medium. | excised zygotic embryos, mericarps ("seeds") and hypocotyls of seedlings of cultivated carrot daucus carota cv. scarlet nantes were evaluated for their ability to generate somatic embryos on a semisolid hormone-free nutrient medium. neither intact zygotic embryos nor hypocotyls ever produced somatic embryos. however, mericarps and broken zygotic embryos were excellent sources for somatic embryo production (response levels as high as 86%). somatic embryo formation was highest from cotyledons, but ... | 1989 | 11540921 |
| the effect of exposure to microgravity on the development and structural organisation of plant protoplasts flown on biokosmos 9. | preparatory experiments for the iml-1 (international microgravity laboratory) mission to be flown on the space shuttle in january, 1992, were performed on a 14 day flight on biokosmos 9 (kosmos 2044) in september 1989. the purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of weightlessness on protoplast regeneration. problems with late access to the space vehicle meant that the newly isolated protoplasts from hypocotyl cells of rapeseed (brassica napus l. cv niklas) and suspension cultures of ca ... | 1992 | 11541143 |
| somatic embryogenesis of carrot in hormone-free medium: external ph control over morphogenesis. | cultures of preglobular stage proembryos (pgsps) were initiated from mechanically wounded mature zygotic embryos of carrot, daucus carota, on a hormone-free, semisolid medium. these pgsps have been maintained and multiplied for extended periods without their progression into later embryo stages on the same hormone-free medium containing 1 mm nh4+ as the sole nitrogen source. sustained maintenance of cultures comprised exclusively of pgsps was dependent on medium ph throughout the culture period. ... | 1990 | 11541515 |
| quantitative analysis of aroma compounds in carrot (daucus carota l.) cultivars by capillary gas chromatography using large-volume injection technique. | dynamic headspace sampling was used to collect aroma compounds from raw samples of four carrot (daucus carota l.) cultivars (brasilia, duke, fancy, and cortez). the collected volatiles were analyzed by capillary gc-fid and gc-ms using large-volume cool on-column injection (lvi-coc). of the 36 compounds identified, 6 had not been previously detected in carrots. significant differences between the carrot cultivars were found for 31 of the identified volatiles as well as for total monoterpenes, ses ... | 2001 | 11559135 |
| seed reserve-dependent growth responses to temperature and water potential in carrot (daucus carota l.). | both temperature and soil moisture vary greatly in the surface layers of the soil through which seedlings grow following germination. the work presented studied the impact of these environmental variables on post-germination carrot growth to nominal seedling emergence. the rapid pre-crook downward growth of both the hypocotyl and root was consistent with their requirement for establishment in soil drying from the surface. at all temperatures, both hypocotyl and root growth rates decreased as wat ... | 2001 | 11604458 |
| solubilized proteins from carrot (daucus carota l.) membranes bind calcium channel blockers and form calcium-permeable ion channels. | calcium channels have been suggested to play a major role in the initiation of a large number of signal transduction processes in higher plant cells. however, molecular components of higher plant ca2+ channels remain unidentified to date. calcium channel blockers of the phenylalkylamine family and bepridil specifically inhibit ca2+ influx into carrot (daucus carota l.) cells. by using a phenylalkylamine azido derivative, a 75-kda carrot membrane protein has been previously identified. here we ha ... | 1993 | 11607356 |
| a novel protein elicitor (panie) from pythium aphanidermatum induces multiple defense responses in carrot, arabidopsis, and tobacco. | a novel protein elicitor (panie(234)) from pythium aphanidermatum (edson) fitzp. was purified, microsequenced, and the corresponding cdna was cloned. the deduced amino acid sequence contains a putative eukaryotic secretion signal with a proteinase cleavage site. the heterologously expressed elicitor protein without the secretion signal of 21 amino acids (panie(213)) triggered programmed cell death and de novo formation of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in cultured cells of carrot (daucus carota). program ... | 2001 | 11706166 |
| redox modulation of the activity of dna topoisomerase i from carrot (daucus carota) mitochondria. | 2006 | 11712157 | |
| primary phloem-specific expression of a zinnia elegans homeobox gene. | some plant homeobox genes are expressed specifically in vascular cells and are assumed to function in the differentiation of specific types of vascular cells. however, homeobox genes exhibiting primary phloem-specific expression have not been reported. to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of vascular development, we undertook to isolate from zinnia elegans primary phloem-specific homeobox genes that may function in phloem development. an hd-zip type homeobox gene, zehb3, was isolated. this gene ... | 2001 | 11726705 |
| attachment to roots and virulence of a chvb mutant of agrobacterium tumefaciens are temperature sensitive. | agrobacterium tumefaciens chvb mutants are unable to produce beta-1,2 glucan. they are nonattaching and avirulent and show reduced motility at room temperature. at lower temperatures (16 degrees c), chvb mutants became virulent on bryophyllum daigremontiana and lycopersicon esculentum and were able to attach to l. esculentum, arabidopsis thaliana, daucus carota, and tagetes erecta roots. the mutant bacteria also recovered wild-type motility at lower temperatures. two other nonattaching mutants o ... | 2002 | 11876426 |
| molecular characterization of a novel protein disulfide isomerase in carrot. | a protein disulfide isomerase (pdi) coding sequence was cloned from a cdna library derived from carrot (daucus carota l.) somatic embryos. the cdna is 2060 bp in length and encodes for a protein of 581 amino acids and molecular weight of 64.4 kda. primary structure analysis of the deduced protein revealed two thioredoxin-like active sites and an endoplasmic reticulum-retention signal at its c-terminus, which is also found in pdis in plants and animals. although between the carrot protein and oth ... | 2002 | 11891063 |
| pectin-bound beta-galactosidase present in cell walls of carrot cells under the different calcium status. | glycosyl-hydrolytic enzymes from suspension-cultured carrot (daucus carota l. cv. kintoki) cells grown in calcium (ca2+)-deficient and normal liquid media were studied after extraction successively by k-phosphate (ph 7.0) and na-acetate (ph 5.2) containing 3 m licl. the same activities were detected in two protein fractions from control and ca2+-deprived cells. the specific activities of alpha-galactosidase and polygalacturonase decreased under ca2+ deprivation, but beta-galactosidase activity i ... | 2002 | 11903968 |
| tolerance and metabolism of phenol and chloroderivatives by hairy root cultures of daucus carota l. | hairy root cultures are shown to be suitable experimental systems to screen higher plants for tolerance to various inorganic and organic pollutants, and for determining the role of the root matrix in the uptake and further metabolism of contaminants. a number of clones were obtained by infection of carrot tissues with agrobacterium rhizogenes and two (the fastest and the slowest growing root clones) were chosen for further experimentation. both clones showed a similar degree of tolerance towards ... | 2002 | 11916048 |
| an auxin surge following fertilization in carrots: a mechanism for regulating plant totipotency. | all plants exhibit the property of cellular totipotency, whereby individual cells can regenerate into an entire organism. however little is known about the underlying mechanisms regulating totipotency. using a preparative microtechnique, we report an 80-fold surge in the concentration of free auxin that is correlated with the initial stages of zygotic embryogenesis in carrots. the concentration of free iaa increases from a basal level of ca. 25 ng/g fw in unfertilized ovules to ca. 2.000 ng/g fw ... | 2002 | 11925033 |
| the contents of sterol derivatives (sterols + esters, glycosides and acylated glycosides) have been determined using thin layer chromatography in leaves and bulky and organs from carrots (daucus carota l.) potato (solanum tuberosum l.), onion (allium cepa l.) two varieties of radish (raphanus sativus l.) and gentiana purpurea l. plants. ether-soluble lipids of leaves contain 2.8-5.2%, those of storage tissue 3.1-8.9% sterol derivatives. the fractionation of lettuce (lactuca sativa l., burpee's r ... | 1970 | 11945480 | |
| harlequin (hlq) and short blue root (sbr), two arabidopsis mutants that ectopically express an abscisic acid- and auxin-inducible transgenic carrot promoter and have pleiotropic effects on morphogenesis. | plant growth and development is regulated by complex interactions among different hormonal, developmental and environmental signalling pathways. isolation of mutants in these processes is a powerful approach to dissect unknown mechanisms in regulatory networks. the plant hormones abscisic acid (aba) and auxin are involved in vegetative, developmental and environmental growth responses, including cell division and elongation, vascular tissue differentiation and stress adaptation. the uida (beta-g ... | 2002 | 12008902 |
| efficient enantioselective reduction of ketones with daucus carota root. | a novel and efficient reduction of various prochiral ketones such as acetopehones, alpha-azido aryl ketones, beta-ketoesters, and aliphatic acyclic and cyclic ketones to the corresponding optically acive secondary alcohols with moderate to excellent chemical yield was achieved by using daucus carota, root plant cells under extremely mild and environmentally benign conditions in aqueous medium, has been described. many of these optically active alcohols are the potential chiral building blocks fo ... | 2002 | 12027710 |
| molecular cloning and in situ hybridization of alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from carrot cells. | the cdna of extracellular alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (alpha-l-afase, ec 3.2.1.55) secreted from suspension-cultured carrot cells (daucus carota l. cv. kintoki) was isolated and characterized. the nucleotide sequence of the cdna (2.4 kb) revealed an open reading frame consisting of 655 amino acid residues. sequence homology research showed 28.4% identity to the alpha-l-afase a protein of aspergillus niger. the genomic dna was cloned by pcr, and the nucleotide ligature sequence showed 18 exons an ... | 2001 | 12060285 |
| monitoring urban air particulate matter (fractions pm 2.5 and pm 10) genotoxicity by plant systems and human cells in vitro: a comparative analysis. | increased incidence of mortality and sickness due to cardiopulmonary complications has been associated with elevated levels of urban air particles (uap), with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 microm (pm 10) and 2.5 microm (pm 2.5). in the present report alternative plant systems and human cells in vitro are associated with human hazard and genotoxic risk assessment of uap. the genotoxic activities associated with the coarse (pm 10) and the fine fraction (pm 2.5) of airborne particulates have been a ... | 2002 | 12111711 |
| peroxynitrite scavenging activity of herb extracts. | peroxynitrite (onoo(-)) is a cytotoxicant with strong oxidizing properties toward various cellular constituents, including sulphydryls, lipids, amino acids and nucleotides and can cause cell death, lipid peroxidation, carcinogenesis and aging. the aim of this study was to characterize onoo(-) scavenging constituents from herbs. twenty-eight herbs were screened for their onoo(-) scavenging activities with the use of a fluorometric method. the potency of scavenging activity following the addition ... | 2002 | 12112294 |
| pest-managing efficacy of trans-asarone isolated from daucus carota l. seeds. | the bioactive hexane extract of daucus carota seed yielded 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (1), oleic acid (2), trans-asarone (3), and geraniol (4). compounds 1-4 were evaluated for their mosquitocidal, nematicidal, antifeedant, and antimicrobial activities. only trans-asarone was active in the assays performed, causing 100% mortality to fourth-instar mosquito larvae, aedes aegyptii, at 200 microg ml(-1) and the nematodes caenorhabditis elegans and panagrellus redivivus at 100 microg ml(-1). in fee ... | 2002 | 12137463 |
| a cell wall protein down-regulated by auxin suppresses cell expansion in daucus carota (l.). | we investigated the function of the auxin-regulated cell wall gene dc 2.15, a member of a small gene family, present in daucus carota (l.) and other plants. cultured cells derived from carrot hypocotyls transformed by the dc 2.15 cdna in antisense direction were ten-fold longer than wild-type cells, indicating a function of the corresponding protein in suppression of cell expansion. the analysis of carrot plants expressing the dc2.15 gene in antisense direction showed that the corresponding prot ... | 2002 | 12175021 |
| [effect of blanching and hygroscopic coating on quality of fresh cut carrots (daucus carota var. chantenay) during storage]. | the effect of blanching at low temperatures (solution 1% acid citric, 50 degrees c for 30 seconds) and the application of glycerol as humectant (3% p/p, 20 seconds) to preserve the quality of fresh-cut carrots (daucus carota) were studied as individual or combined treatments. four treatments were evaluated: a control by dipping samples for 30 seconds in distilled water (t1); blanching (t2); glycerol application (t3); and blanching plus glycerol application (t4). total carotenoids content, color, ... | 2002 | 12184154 |
| polyamines and pectins (i. ion exchange and selectivity). | the ion-binding and -exchange properties of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine on purified walls of carrot (daucus carota l.) cell suspensions were investigated by producing ion-exchange isotherms and comparing them with the behavior of na+, mg2+, and ca2+. the cation exchange capacity of the carrot cell walls was 0.8 equivalent kg-1 dry matter, and the ionic selectivity sequence of the walls for polyamines followed the sequence spermine4+ > spermidine3+ [almost equal to] ca2+ > putrescine2+. ... | 1997 | 12223613 |
| distinction between endoplasmic reticulum-type and plasma membrane-type ca2+ pumps (partial purification of a 120-kilodalton ca2+-atpase from endomembranes). | two biochemical types of ca2+-pumping atpases were distinguished in membranes that were isolated from carrot (daucus carota) suspension-cultured cells. one type hydrolyzed gtp nearly as well as atp, was stimulated by calmodulin, and was resistant to cyclopiazonic acid. this plasma membrane (pm)-type pump was associated with pms and endomembranes, including vacuolar membranes and the endoplasmic reticulum (er). another pump ("er-type") that was associated mainly with the er hydrolyzed atp prefere ... | 1997 | 12223624 |
| a g-box-binding protein from soybean binds to the e1 auxin-response element in the soybean gh3 promoter and contains a proline-rich repression domain. | the e1 promoter fragment (-249 to -203) is one of three auxin-response elements (auxres) in the soybean (glycine max l.) gh3 promoter (z.-b. liu, t. ulmasov, x. shi, g. hagen, t.j. guilfoyle [1994] plant cell 6: 645-657). results presented here further characterize and delimit the auxre within the e1 fragment. the e1 fragment functioned as an auxre in transgenic tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) plants, as well as in transfected protoplasts. the auxre within e1 contains a g-box, and this g-box was ... | 1997 | 12223815 |
| characterization of membrane properties in desiccation-tolerant and -intolerant carrot somatic embryos. | in previous studies, we have shown that carrot (daucus carota l.) somatic embryos acquire complete desiccation tolerance when they are treated with abscisic acid during culture and subsequently dried slowly. with this manipulable system at hand, we have assessed damage associated with desiccation intolerance. fast drying caused loss of viability, and all k+ and carbohydrates leached from the somatic embryos within 5 min of imbibition. the phospholipid content decreased by about 20%, and the free ... | 1996 | 12226295 |
| the effects of exogenous auxins on endogenous indole-3-acetic acid metabolism (the implications for carrot somatic embryogenesis). | the effect of auxin application on auxin metabolism was investigated in excised hypocotyl cultures of carrot (daucus carota). concentrations of both free and conjugated indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), [2h4]iaa, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and naphthaleneacetic acid (naa) were measured by mass spectroscopy using stable-isotope-labeled internal standards. [13c1]naa was synthesized for this purpose, thus extending the range of auxins that can be assayed by stable-isotope techniques. 2,4-dichlorophe ... | 1996 | 12226408 |
| evidence for opposing effects of calmodulin on cortical microtubules. | microtubule integrity within the cortical array was visualized in detergent-lysed carrot (daucus carota l.) protoplasts that were exposed to various exogenous levels of ca2+ and calmodulin (cam). cam appears to help stabilize cortical microtubules against the destabilizing action of ca2+/cam complexes at low ca2+ concentrations, but not at higher ca2+ concentrations. the hypothesis that cam interacts with microtubules at two different sites, determined by the concentration of ca2+, is supported ... | 1996 | 12226434 |
| glycerophosphocholine metabolism in higher plant cells. evidence of a new glyceryl-phosphodiester phosphodiesterase. | glycerophosphocholine (gropcho) is a diester that accumulates in different physiological processes leading to phospholipid remodeling. however, very little is known about its metabolism in higher plant cells. (31)p-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and biochemical analyses performed on carrot (daucus carota) cells fed with gropcho revealed the existence of an extracellular gropcho phosphodiesterase. this enzymatic activity splits gropcho into sn-glycerol-3-phosphate and free choline. in vi ... | 2002 | 12226504 |
| purification and characterization of a soluble phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase from carrot suspension culture cells. | previously we reported the presence of a soluble phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (pi 4-kinase) in carrot (daucus carota l.) suspension culture cells (c.m. okpodu, w. gross, w.f. boss [1990] plant physiol 93: s-63). we have purified the enzyme over 1000-fold using q-sepharose ion exchange, hydroxylapatite, and g-100 gel filtration column chromatography. the mr of the enzyme was estimated to be 83,000 by gel filtration. pi 4-kinase activity was recovered after renaturation of the 80-kd region of pol ... | 1995 | 12228376 |
| heat shock disrupts cap and poly(a) tail function during translation and increases mrna stability of introduced reporter mrna. | the effect of heat shock on translational efficiency and message stability of a reporter mrna was examined in carrot (daucus carota). heat shock of short duration resulted in an increase in protein yield, whereas repression was observed following extended exposure to the stress. regardless of the duration of the heat shock, a loss in the function of the 5[prime] cap [m7g(5[prime])ppp(5[prime])n, where n represents any nucleotide] and the 3[prime] poly(a) tail, two regulatory elements that work i ... | 1995 | 12228574 |
| increased putrescine biosynthesis through transfer of mouse ornithine decarboxylase cdna in carrot promotes somatic embryogenesis. | carrot (daucus carota l.) cells were transformed with agrobacterium tumefaciens strains containing 3[prime]-truncated mouse ornithine decarboxylase (odc) cdna under the control of a cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter. a neomycin phosphotransferase gene linked with a nopaline synthase promoter was used to select transformed cell lines on kanamycin. although the nontransformed cells contained no odc, high amounts of mouse-specific odc activity were observed in the transformed cells. transgenic ... | 1995 | 12228581 |
| effect of intracellular glutathione level on the production of 6-methoxymellein in cultured carrot (daucus carota) cells. | to produce phytoalexin, 6-methoxymellein (6-mm) was induced in suspension cultures of carrot (daucus carota) by buthionine sulfoximine (bso) and cucl2. addition of bso (a specific inhibitor of glutathione [gsh] synthesis) to the cultures lowered the cellular gsh levels. this depletion of gsh was bso-concentration dependent, and the extent of 6-mm accumulation was dependent on the gsh depletion. the accumulation of 6-mm induced by bso was suppressed by exogenous gsh. exogenous h2o2 stimulated the ... | 1993 | 12231796 |
| a plasma membrane-type ca2+-atpase of 120 kilodaltons on the endoplasmic reticulum from carrot (daucus carota) cells (properties of the phosphorylated intermediate). | cytosolic ca2+ levels are regulated in part by ca2+-pumping atpases that export ca2+ from the cytoplasm; however, the types and properties of ca2+ pumps in plants are not well understood. we have characterized the kinetic properties of a 120-kd phosphoenzyme (pe) intermediate formed during the reaction cycle of a ca2+-atpase from suspension-cultured carrot (daucus carota) cells. only one ca2+-dependent phosphoprotein was formed when carrot membrane vesicles were incubated with [[gamma]-32p]atp ( ... | 1993 | 12231855 |
| a novel hydroxyproline-deficient arabinogalactan protein secreted by suspension-cultured cells of daucus carota (purification and partial characterization). | arabinogalactan proteins (agps) are secreted or membrane-associated glycoproteins that have been operationally defined as binding to [beta]-glucosyl yariv artificial antigen, being rich in arabinose and galactose, and containing high levels of alanine, serine, and hydroxyproline. using an anti-agp monoclonal antibody (mac 207) bound to cyanogen bromide-activated sepharose 4b, we have purified by immunoaffinity chromatography an extracellular agp from the culture medium of suspension-cultured cel ... | 1993 | 12231918 |
| elicitor-induced changes in ca2+ influx, k+ efflux, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid synthesis in protoplasts of daucus carota l. | suspension-cultured carrot cells (daucus carota) and their protoplasts respond to a fungal elicitor prepared from the culture medium of pythium aphanidermatum by accumulating 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-hba). protoplasts release the compound into the culture medium. using 45cacl2 as a tracer, we were able to demonstrate that the secretion of 4-hba is preceded by a rapid increase in the ca2+ influx and a concomitant k+ efflux. if the increased ca2+ influx was prevented by ethyleneglycol-bis([beta]-a ... | 1993 | 12231948 |
| calcium levels affect the ability to immunolocalize calmodulin to cortical microtubules. | calcium affects the stability of cortical microtubules (mts) in lysed protoplasts. this calmodulin (cam)-mediated interaction may provide a mechanism that serves to integrate cellular behavior with mt function. to test the hypothesis that cam associates with these mts, monoclonal antibodies were produced against cam, and one (designated mab1d10) was selected for its suitability as an immunocytochemical reagent. it is shown that cam associates with the cortical mts of cultured carrot (daucus caro ... | 1993 | 12231960 |
| xyloglucan endotransglycosylase activity in carrot cell suspensions during cell elongation and somatic embryogenesis. | xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (xet) has been proposed to contribute to cell elongation through wall loosening. to explore this relationship further, we assayed this enzyme activity in suspensions of carrot (daucus carota l.) cells exhibiting various rates of cell elongation. in one cell line, elongation was induced by dilution into dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d)-free medium. during this elongation, 93% of the xet activity was found in the culture medium; in nonelongating controls, by contr ... | 1993 | 12231995 |
| apparent role of phosphatidylcholine in the metabolism of petroselinic acid in developing umbelliferae endosperm. | studies were conducted to characterize the metabolism of the unusual fatty acid petroselinic acid (18:1cis[delta]6) in developing endosperm of the umbelliferae species coriander (coriandrum sativum l.) and carrot (daucus carota l.). analyses of fatty acid compositions of glycerolipids of these tissues revealed a dissimilar distribution of petroselinic acid in triacylglycerols (tag) and the major polar lipids phosphatidylcholine (pc) and phosphatidylethanolamine (pe). petroselinic acid comprised ... | 1994 | 12232131 |
| the metabolites of the herbicide l-phosphinothricin (glufosinate) (identification, stability, and mobility in transgenic, herbicide-resistant, and untransformed plants). | the metabolism of the herbicide l-phosphinothricin (l-pt) was analyzed in tobacco (nicotiana tabacum), alfalfa (medicago sativa), and carrot (daucus carota). in transgenic, pt-resistant plants expressing the pt-n-acetyltransferase gene (pat), l-pt was acetylated, resulting in two forms of n-acetyl-pt (ac-pt). in transgenic plants expressing only low pat-encoded acetylating activity as well as in genetically unmodified plants, three metabolic compounds 4-methylphosphinico-2-oxo-butanoic acid, 3-m ... | 1994 | 12232195 |
| ammonium assimilation and the role of [gamma]-aminobutyric acid in ph homeostasis in carrot cell suspensions. | in vivo 15n nmr spectroscopy was used to monitor the assimilation of ammonium by cell-suspension cultures of carrot (daucus carota l. cv chantenay). the cell suspensions were supplied with oxygen in the form of either pure oxygen ("oxygenated cells") or air ("aerated cells"). in contrast to oxygenated cells, in which ammonium assimilation had no effect on cytoplasmic ph, ammonium assimilation by aerated cells caused a decrease in cytoplasmic ph of almost 0.2 ph unit. this led to a change in nitr ... | 1994 | 12232346 |
| fourier-transform raman and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (an investigation of five higher plant cell walls and their components). | infrared and raman spectra of sequentially extracted primary cell walls and their pectic polymers were obtained from five angiosperm plants. fourier-transform raman spectrometry was shown to be a powerful tool for the investigation of primary cell-wall architecture at a molecular level, providing complementary information to that obtained by fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy. the use of an extraction procedure using imidazole instead of cyclohexane trans-1,2-n,n,n[prime],n[prime]-diam ... | 1994 | 12232436 |
| molecular cloning and cytochemical analysis of exopolygalacturonase from carrot. | exopolygalacturonase (exo-pgase, ec 3.2.1.67) attacks the non-reducing terminus of the polygalacturonic acid in pectic molecules, releasing galacturonic acid. we cloned the cdna of exo-pgase purified from cell homogenates of suspension-cultured carrot ( daucus carota l. cv. kintoki) cells. the nucleotide sequence of the cdna (1.4 kb) contains an open reading frame that encodes a 391-amino-acid polypeptide. sequence homology research showed 97.9% identity to the glycoprotein ep4 obtained from cul ... | 2002 | 12244438 |
| soil-to-root transfer and translocation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by vegetables grown on industrial contaminated soils. | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are possible contaminants in some former industrial sites, representing a potential risk to human health if these sites are converted to residential areas. this work was conducted to determine whether pahs present in contaminated soils are transferred to edible parts of selected vegetables. soils were sampled from a former gasworks and a private garden, exhibiting a range of pah concentrations (4 to 53 to 172 to 1263 and 2526 mg pahs kg-1 of dry soil), and ... | 2002 | 12371182 |
| potyviruses, novel and known, in cultivated and wild species of the family apiaceae in australia. | three potyviruses were identified by gene sequencing and found to be widespread in species of apiaceae in australia. only celery mosaic virus was found in celery crops and in one of 180 specimens of feral carrot ( daucus carota). another related but distinct novel potyvirus, carrot virus y, was the only virus found in carrot crops and all except one feral carrot. a more distantly related novel potyvirus, apium virus y, was found in plants of sea celery ( apium prostratum), cultivated parsley ( p ... | 2002 | 12376749 |
| screening seeds of scottish plants for antibacterial activity. | based on ethnopharmacological and taxonomic information, seeds of 21 scottish plant species from 14 different families were obtained from authentic seed suppliers. their n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were assessed for antibacterial activity against 11 pathogenic bacterial species. methanol extracts of 11 plant species showed significant antibacterial activity. malva moschata and prunus padus were active against five bacterial species, reseda lutea against four, centaurium eryth ... | 2002 | 12413709 |
| phosphorus effects on metabolic processes in monoxenic arbuscular mycorrhiza cultures. | the influence of external phosphorus (p) on carbon (c) allocation and metabolism as well as processes related to p metabolism was studied in monoxenic arbuscular mycorrhiza cultures of carrot (daucus carota). fungal hyphae of glomus intraradices proliferated from the solid minimal medium containing the colonized roots into c-free liquid minimal medium with different p treatments. the fungus formed around three times higher biomass in p-free liquid medium than in medium with 2.5 mm inorganic p (h ... | 2002 | 12427983 |
| influence of saline irrigation on growth, ion accumulation and partitioning, and leaf gas exchange of carrot (daucus carota l.). | like those of many horticultural crop species, the growth and leaf gas exchange responses of carrot (daucus carota l.) to salinity are poorly understood. in this study ion accumulation in root tissues (periderm, xylem and phloem tissues) and in leaves of different ages was assessed for carrot plants grown in the field with a low level of salinity (5.8 mm na(+) and 7.5 mm cl(-)) and in a glasshouse with salinity ranging from 1-80 mm. at low levels of salinity (1-7.5 mm), in both the field and gla ... | 2002 | 12451027 |
| cytokinins: new apoptotic inducers in plants. | high concentrations of cytokinins block cell proliferation and induce programmed cell death (pcd) in both carrot ( daucus carota l.) and arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. cell cultures [13 and 27 micro m n(6)-benzylaminopurine (bap), respectively]. in the present work, cell death was scored by evan's blue staining and was also demonstrated to be programmed by various parameters, including chromatin condensation, oligonucleosomal dna degradation (laddering), and release of cytochrome c from mitoch ... | 2003 | 12520332 |
| isolation and functional analysis of the 5'-flanking region of carrot top1beta gene coding for the beta isoform of dna topoisomerase i. | we have isolated and functionally characterized the promoter region of the top1beta gene encoding carrot (daucus carota) dna topoisomerase ibeta. the major transcription start site was mapped by primer extension analysis 164 nt upstream the atg translation start codon. sequence analysis of the 5'-upstream region of the gene revealed the presence of a canonical tata-like box at position -35 bp and several cis-acting sequences, including a (ct)n element in the leader region of the gene, a myb-rela ... | 2003 | 12531479 |
| characterization of citrate transport through the plasma membrane in a carrot mutant cell line with enhanced citrate excretion. | the superior ability of citrate excretion in a carrot (daucus carota l.) mutant cell line, namely ipg (insoluble phosphate grower) [takita et al. (1999a) plant cell physiol. 40: 489] cells has been characterized in terms of citrate transport at the plasma membrane. ipg cells released about a 20-fold increase in citrate in comparison with malate, while the concentration of malate was only 35% lower than that of citrate in the cell sap. citrate excretion was sensitive to anion channel blockers, su ... | 2003 | 12610218 |
| root factors induce mitochondrial-related gene expression and fungal respiration during the developmental switch from asymbiosis to presymbiosis in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus gigaspora rosea. | during spore germination, arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi show limited hyphal development in the absence of a host plant (asymbiotic). in the presence of root exudates, they switch to a new developmental stage (presymbiotic) characterized by extensive hyphal branching. presymbiotic branching of the am fungus gigaspora rosea was induced in liquid medium by a semipurified exudate fraction from carrot (daucus carota) root organ cultures. changes in rna accumulation patterns were monitored by diff ... | 2003 | 12644696 |
| cryopreservation of carrot (daucus carota l.) cell suspensions and protoplasts by vitrification. | carrot cell suspensions and protoplasts were successfully cryopreserved by vitrification. cells were precultured in liquid murashige and skoog medium containing 0.175 m sucrose for 3 d and then in liquid ms medium containing 0.4 m sorbitol for 1 d. after loading of the precultured carrot cells in 25 % pvs2 at room temperature for 5 min and treatment with 100 % pvs2 at 0 degrees c for 7.5 min, they were quenched in liquid nitrogen. optimal survival was 83.3 % (based on the triphenyl tetrazolium c ... | 2006 | 12644854 |
| neutralizing immunogenicity of transgenic carrot (daucus carota l.)-derived measles virus hemagglutinin. | although edible vaccines seem to be feasible, antigens of human pathogens have mostly been expressed in plants that are not attractive for human consumption (such as potatoes) unless they are cooked. boiling may reduce the immunogenicity of many antigens. more recently, the technology to transform fruit and vegetable plants have become perfected. we transformed carrot plants with agrobacterium tumefaciens to generate plants (which can be eaten raw) transgenic for an immunodominant antigen of the ... | 2003 | 12650613 |
| involvement of gibberellin and cytokinin in the formation of embryogenic cell clumps in carrot (daucus carota). | somatic embryogenesis of carrots is a typical example of the totipotency of plant cells. however, little is known about the process of change from somatic cells to embryogenic cells. to test the involvement of plant hormones in the acquisition process of embryogenic potency, we investigated the effects of plant growth regulators and their inhibitors on auxin-induced direct somatic embryogenesis of carrots. gibberellin (ga) inhibited the early stage of embryogenic cell differentiation/development ... | 2003 | 12685029 |
| arbuscular mycorrhiza colonization and development at suboptimal root zone temperature. | temperature has a strong influence on the activity of living organisms. this study, involving two indoor experiments, evaluated the effects of root zone temperature (10, 15 and 23 degrees c) on the formation and development of arbuscular mycorrhizae (am). in the first trial, greenhouse-grown sorghum [ sorghum bicolor (l.) moench] was either colonized by glomus intraradices schenck & smith or left non-mycorrhizal. root length, root and shoot weight and root colonization were measured after 5, 10 ... | 2004 | 12748840 |
| coumarin inhibits the growth of carrot (daucus carota l. cv. saint valery) cells in suspension culture. | we used a carrot (daucus carota l. cv. saint valery) cell suspension culture as a simplified model system to study the effects of the allelochemical compound coumarin (1,2 benzopyrone) on cell growth and utilisation of exogenous nitrate, ammonium and carbohydrates. exposure to micromolar levels of coumarin caused severe inhibition of cell growth starting from the second day of culture onwards. at the same time, the presence of 50 mumol/l coumarin caused accumulation of free amino acids and of am ... | 2003 | 12749079 |
| structural and sensory characterization of compounds contributing to the bitter off-taste of carrots (daucus carota l.) and carrot puree. | sequential application of solvent extraction, gel permeation chromatography, and hplc in combination with taste dilution analyses revealed that not a sole compound but a multiplicity of bitter tastants contribute to the bitter off-taste of cold-stored carrots and commercial carrot puree, respectively. among these bitter compounds, 3-methyl-6-methoxy-8-hydroxy-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin (6-methoxymellein), 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methylchromone (eugenin), 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (gazarin), (z)-hep ... | 2003 | 12797757 |
| molecular characterization of poly(a)-binding protein from daucus carota. | poly(a)-binding proteins (pabs) bind to the poly(a) tails of most eukaryotic mrnas and thereby influence the translational efficiency as well as the stability of the mrnas thus bound. compared with the data on yeast pab, relatively little is known about the functions of pabs in higher plants. the cdna encoding pab was cloned by the method of "virtual subtraction" from carrot somatic embryos cultured with different sucrose concentrations. sequence alignment reveals a significant homology between ... | 2003 | 12825357 |
| 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol accumulates in flowers and developing fruits of carrot and inhibits seed formation. | somatic embryogenesis in carrot (daucus carota) is autonomously inhibited by 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (4hba), which is produced by embryogenic cells. because somatic embryogenesis is used as a model of zygotic embryogenesis, we assayed for 4hba in carrot seeds and analyzed the effect of 4hba on seed formation to determine whether 4hba is also produced during zygotic embryogenesis. hplc analysis showed that 4hba accumulated in flowers and immature and mature fruits, but not in vegetative tissues. ... | 2003 | 12872494 |
| antioxidant activity of the anthocyanin from carrot (daucus carota) callus culture. | antioxidant properties of water-soluble anthocyanin obtained from the carrot (daucus carota) callus cultures were evaluated by the estimation of the amount of hydroperoxide formed by the autoxidation of linolenic acid at ph 2, 4 and 7. a major anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-lathyroside, was isolated and the antioxidant property was compared with malvidin, peonidin delphinidin and alpha-tocopherol. the malvidin, peonidin and delphinidin were obtained from grapes, chinese mustard and egg-plant. at ph 2 a ... | 2003 | 12907406 |
| phytotoxicity and fate of 1,1,2-trichloroethylene: a laboratory study. | 1,1,2-trichloroethylene (tce), a chlorinated organic contaminant, poses serious environmental concerns. a study was conducted to evaluate the phytotoxicity of tce to a crop species and its fate in vermiculite. growth bioassays were carried out using carrot (daucus carota l.) as the test species. three different concentrations, 0.25, 0.50, and 1 ppm were used to evaluate phytotoxicity of tce. when added to petri plates with cotton pads, tce did not have any effect on carrot seedling growth. howev ... | 2003 | 12918919 |
| changes in volatile compounds of carrots (daucus carota l.) during refrigerated and frozen storage. | carrots (daucus carota l.) of cv. bolero and cv. carlo were processed into shreds and stored for up to 4 months at -24 degrees c (frozen storage), or the roots were stored for up to 4 months at 1 degrees c (refrigerated storage) followed by processing into shreds. volatiles from the carrot shreds were collected by dynamic headspace technique and analyzed by gc-fid, gc-ms, gc-ms/ms, and gc-o to determine the volatile composition and aroma active components of carrots stored under different temper ... | 2003 | 12926889 |
| auxin up-regulates mtserk1 expression in both medicago truncatula root-forming and embryogenic cultures. | we have cloned a somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase (serk) gene from medicago truncatula (mtserk1) and examined its expression in culture using real time pcr. in the presence of the auxin 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (naa) alone, root differentiation occurs from the proliferating calli in both the cultured highly embryogenic seed line (2ha) and a low to nonembryogenic seed line (m. truncatula cv jemalong). auxin stimulated mtserk1 expression in both 2ha and m. truncatula cv jemalong. embryo induc ... | 2003 | 12970488 |
| inhibition of cyclooxygenase (cox) enzymes by compounds from daucus carota l. seeds. | cyclooxygenase (cox) enzymes inhibitory assay directed investigation of daucus carota seed extracts resulted in the isolation and characterization of compounds, 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (1), oleic acid (2), trans-asarone (3) and geraniol (4). compounds 1-4 showed 3.32, 45.32, 46.15, and 3.15% of prostaglandin h endoperoxide synthase-i (cox-i) inhibitory activity and 52.69, 68.41, 64.39 and 0% prostaglandin h endoperoxide synthase-ii (cox-ii) inhibitory activity, respectively at 100 mg ml(-1) ... | 2003 | 13680840 |
| characterization and assay of gazarin, bitter principle of fruits of daucus carota l. var. boissieri schweinf. | 1963 | 14032236 | |
| [influence of daucus carota on the biogenesis of carotenoids in rhodotorula gracilis]. | 1963 | 14123053 | |
| [studies on the bifidus factor. iii. studies on the various properties of the growth-promoting factor for bifidus bacilli contained in the carrot root (daucus carota)]. | 1964 | 14124663 | |
| [chemical types of medicinal plants. 3. the different compositions of volatile oils of fruits from cultivated and wild carrots (daucus carota l. s. l.)]. | 1964 | 14344694 | |
| changes in the distribution of glucose-14c in alternative catabolic pathways induced by kinetin-analogue in the callus tissue of carrot (daucus carota l.). | 1962 | 14467516 | |
| length of time in tissue culture can affect the selected glyphosate resistance mechanism. | usually, stepwise selection of plant suspension cultures with gradually increasing concentrations of the herbicide glyphosate results in the amplification of the target enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (epsps; ec 2.5.1.19) gene that leads to resistance by increasing epsps mrna and enzyme activity. we show that glyphosate selection with newly initiated suspension cultures can produce resistant lines with resistance mechanisms other than gene amplification and that usually as the ... | 2004 | 14566562 |
| detection of peonidin and pelargonidin glycosides in black carrots (daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens alef.) by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. | anthocyanins of black carrots (daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens alef.) were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. besides the main compounds which have already been characterized in detail as cyanidin glycosides, six anthocyanins with m/z 757, 565, 595, 903, 933 and 903 were detected and unambiguously characterized as peonidin and pelargonidin glycosides, based on their fragmentation patterns. peonidin and pelargonidin were id ... | 2003 | 14587087 |
| radical scavenging and iron-chelating activities of some greens used as traditional dishes in mediterranean diet. | this study aimed at evaluating the antioxidative activity of nine different families of greens. raphanus raphanistrum (wild radish), anchusa azurea (bugloss), daucus carota (wild carrot), sonchus oleraceus (sowthistle), papaver rhoeas (corn poppy), malva sylvestris (blue mallow), foeniculum vulgare (fennel), cichorium intybus (chicory) and salicornia europaea (jointed glasswort) are native to the mediterranean and are commonly consumed as a salad or an ingredient in some recipes. the antioxidati ... | 2004 | 14630594 |
| gibberellin is essentially required for carrot (daucus carota l.) somatic embryogenesis: dynamic regulation of gibberellin 3-oxidase gene expressions. | a ga biosynthesis inhibitor, uniconazole, caused many shrunken embryos when it was supplied to cultured carrot (daucus carota l.) cells at the induction of somatic embryos. the abnormality was prevented by exogenous ga(1) or ga(4). to analyze the status of ga biosynthesis during somatic embryogenesis, expression patterns of newly isolated genes encoding ga biosynthetic enzymes, two ga 20-oxidases, three ga 3-oxidases, and two ga 2-oxidases were observed by using a semi-quantitative reverse-trans ... | 2003 | 14646205 |
| a 2.5-kb insert eliminates acid soluble invertase isozyme ii transcript in carrot (daucus carota l.) roots, causing high sucrose accumulation. | the predominant storage carbohydrates of mature carrot (daucus carota l.) storage roots typically are the free sugars glucose and fructose. this trait is conditioned by the rs allele. a naturally occurring recessive mutation, rs/rs, conditions a shift from these reducing sugars to sucrose. rt-pcr and sequencing revealed a unique 2.5 kb insert in the first and largest intron near the 5' end of the acid soluble invertase isozyme ii gene of rs/rs carrots. this insert was not totally spliced out dur ... | 2003 | 14756313 |
| expression of photosynthesis-related genes and their regulation by light during somatic embryogenesis in daucus carota. | to clarify the spatial and temporal pattern of gene expression for photosynthesis-associated proteins during somatic embryogenesis in daucus carota l., the localization of mrnas for three genes, rbcl, lhcb and por, was examined in dark-grown and light-irradiated somatic embryos by in situ hybridization. the three mrnas were expressed in common in the mesophyll precursor cells of light-irradiated embryos at the late torpedo and plantlet stages, but characteristic expression patterns of each photo ... | 2004 | 14767766 |
| [the beta-carotene content of the carrot, daucus carota l]. | 1952 | 14948480 | |
| attenuation of cold-induced apoptosis by exogenous melatonin in carrot suspension cells: the possible involvement of polyamines. | pretreatment with 43 nm (10 ng/ml) to 86 nm melatonin for 5 days significantly attenuated cold-induced apoptosis in carrot suspension cells (daucus carota l.) as evidenced by the tunel procedure, dna fragmentation and the morphological changes revealed by electronic microscopy observations. the antiapoptotic effect of melatonin was initially thought to be a result of its antioxidant actions. in our study, however, reactive oxygen species (ros) generation remained unaffected by melatonin treatmen ... | 2004 | 14962064 |
| arsenic availability from chromated copper arsenate (cca)-treated wood. | lumber used to construct raised garden beds is often treated with chromated copper arsenate (cca). this project aimed to determine (i) how far as, cu, and cr had diffused away from cca-treated wood surfaces in raised garden beds under realistic conditions, (ii) the uptake of these elements by crops, and (iii) the effect of cca solution on soil bacteria. this study showed that as, cu, and cr diffuse into soil from cca-treated wood used to construct raised garden beds. to determine crop uptake of ... | 2013 | 14964372 |
| a quenched molecular dynamics-rotating frame overhauser spectroscopy study of a series of semibiosynthetically monoacylated anthocyanins. | quenched molecular dynamics (qmd), in conjunction with nmr (roesy) studies, was used to investigate the conformational behavior of some semibiosynthetic anthocyanins of the type 6-o-acyl-beta-d-glcp-(166)-beta-d-galp-(1-->o(3))-cyanidin, with and without a beta-d-xylp branch at the 2-o-gal position. these compounds, which are produced by the addition of selected carboxylic acids to growing tissue cultures of daucus carota (wild carrot), are of interest as color-stabilized anthocyanins, some of w ... | 2004 | 14987026 |
| isolation of the gene encoding carrot leafy cotyledon1 and expression analysis during somatic and zygotic embryogenesis. | the arabidopsis thaliana lec1 gene regulates embryo morphology and seed maturation. for a better understanding of its function, we isolated a carrot (daucus carota l. cv. us-harumakigosun) counterpart of this gene, c-lec1, from a cdna library of carrot somatic embryos, since carrot is a better model plant for preparing large quantities of somatic embryos at the same developmental stage. the predicted amino acid sequence of c-lec1 is similar to that of lec1 and contains regions that are conserved ... | 2004 | 15051045 |
| sequential development of cysteine proteinase activities and gene expression during somatic embryogenesis in carrot. | three bands of proteinase activity (rf values of 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7) were detected on activity-stained gels after native gel electrophoresis of carrot (daucus carota l. cv us-harumakigosun) suspension cells. after the induction of somatic embryogenesis, one activity band (0.7 band) rapidly disappeared; the 0.6 band was absent at the heart-shaped embryo stage. however, the intensity of the 0.5 band increased during embryogenesis. an additional band (0.25 band) appeared after the torpedo-shaped sta ... | 2004 | 15056906 |
| detection and molecular characterization of an aster yellows phytoplasma in poker statice and queen anne's lace in alberta, canada. | queen anne's lace and poker statice plants were found with a yellows-type disease with typical phytoplasma symptoms in an experimental farm near brooks, alberta in 1996. phytoplasma bodies were detected by transmission electron microscopy in phloem cells of symptomatic plants, but not in healthy plants. the presence of a phytoplasma was confirmed by analysis with the polymerase chain reaction. using a pair of universal primer sequences derived from phytoplasma 16s rrna, an amplified product of t ... | 2004 | 15160606 |
| carotenoid profiles and consumer sensory evaluation of specialty carrots (daucus carota, l.) of various colors. | five different colored carrots were analyzed for their carotenoid profile and underwent sensory evaluation to determine consumer acceptance (n = 96). four major carotenoids were identified and quantified by use of hplc methods. high beta-carotene orange carrots were found to contain the greatest concentration of total carotenoids. except for the white, all the carrots are a significant source of bioavailable carotenoids. sensory evaluation showed the high beta-carotene orange and white carrots t ... | 2004 | 15161208 |
| characterization of phenolic acids in black carrots (daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens alef.) by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. | phenolic acids were extracted from black carrot roots (daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens alef.) and a black carrot juice concentrate, and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. most of the compounds detected were identified as depsides composed of p-coumaric, caffeic and ferulic acids. additionally, three hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives and one quercetin glycoside were detected. 5-o-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid) repres ... | 2004 | 15174188 |
| effect of storage temperature on the stability of anthocyanins of a fermented black carrot (daucus carota var. l.) beverage: shalgam. | the effect of temperature on the stability of shalgam anthocyanins stored at 4, 25, and 40 degrees c for 90 days was investigated. the effect of pasteurization and sorbate addition on the anthocyanin stability as compared to control was also studied. the monomeric anthocyanin content and color density decreased with increasing time as a function of storage temperature whereas the percent polymeric color and browning increased. the same trends were observed in control, pasteurized, and sorbate-ad ... | 2004 | 15186101 |
| comparison of 233u and 33p uptake and translocation by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices in root organ culture conditions. | this study aimed to quantify and compare 233u and 33p uptake and translocation by hyphae of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus glomus intraradices in root organ culture conditions with transformed carrot (daucus carota l.) roots as host. mycorrhizal roots were grown in two-compartment petri dishes to spatially separate a root compartment (rc) and a hyphal compartment (hc). the hc was labelled with 8.33 bq 233u ml(-1) and 13.33 bq 33p ml(-1). after 2 weeks contact between hyphae and the label ... | 2004 | 15197636 |
| nitrogen transfer and assimilation between the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices schenck & smith and ri t-dna roots of daucus carota l. in an in vitro compartmented system. | nitrogen metabolism was examined in monoxenic cultures of carrot roots (daucus carota l.) colonized with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus glomus intraradices schenck & smith. glutamine synthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase activities were significantly increased in mycorrhizal roots for which only the extraradical mycelium had exclusive access to nh4no3 in a distinct hyphal compartment inaccessible to the roots. this was in comparison with the water controls but was similar to the enzyme ... | 2004 | 15213749 |
| quantitative studies and sensory analyses on the influence of cultivar, spatial tissue distribution, and industrial processing on the bitter off-taste of carrots (daucus carota l.) and carrot products. | although various reports pointed to 6-methoxymellein (1) as a key player imparting the bitter taste in carrots, activity-guided fractionation experiments recently gave evidence that not this isocoumarin but bisacetylenic oxylipins contribute mainly to the off-taste. among these, (z)-heptadeca-1,9-dien-4,6-diyn-3-ol (2), (z)-3-acetoxy-heptadeca-1,9-dien-4,6-diyn-8-ol (3), and (z)-heptadeca-1,9-dien-4,6-diyn-3,8-diol (falcarindiol, 4) have been successfully identified. in the present study, an ana ... | 2004 | 15237959 |
| biotransformation of isoprenoids and shikimic acid derivatives by a vegetable enzymatic system. | in biotransformations carried out under similar conditions enzymatic systems from carrot (daucus carota l.), celeriac (apium graveolens l. var. rapaceum) and horse-radish (armoracia lapathifolia gilib.) hydrolyzed the ester bonds of acetates of phenols or alicyclic alcohols. nevertheless, methyl esters of aromatic acids did not undergo hydrolysis. alcohols were oxidized to ketones in a reversible reaction. | 2004 | 15241926 |
| isolation and identification of novel pyranoanthocyanins from black carrot (daucus carota l.) juice. | six novel pyranoanthocyanins were identified by hplc-esi-msn in black carrot (daucus carota l. ssp. sativus var. atrorubens alef.) juice. the two major compounds, namely, the vinylcatechol adducts of cyanidin 3-o-(6-o-feruloyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1-->6)-[beta-d-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-d-galactopyranoside and cyanidin 3-o-[beta-d-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-d-galactopyranoside, respectively, were isolated by a combination of high-speed countercurrent chromatography with semipreparative hp ... | 2004 | 15291481 |
| effects of compost and phosphate on plant arsenic accumulation from soils near pressure-treated wood. | leaching of arsenic (as) from chromated copper arsenate (cca)-treated wood may elevate soil arsenic levels. thus, an environmental concern arises regarding accumulation of as in vegetables grown in these soils. in this study, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate as accumulation by vegetables from the soils adjacent to the cca-treated utility poles and fences and examine the effects of soil amendments on plant as accumulation. carrot (daucus carota l.) and lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) ... | 2004 | 15325459 |
| pectin methylesterases: sequence-structural features and phylogenetic relationships. | pectin methylesterases (pmes) are enzymes produced by bacteria, fungi and higher plants. they belong to the carbohydrate esterase family ce-8. this study deals with comparison of 127 amino acid sequences of this family containing the five characteristic sequence segments: 44_gxyxe, 113_qaval, 135_qdtl, 157_dfifg, 223_lgrpw (daucus carota numbering). six strictly conserved residues (gly44, gly154, asp157, gly161, arg225 and trp227) and six conservative ones (ile39, ser86, ser137, ile152, ile159 a ... | 2004 | 15337457 |
| plastid-expressed betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene in carrot cultured cells, roots, and leaves confers enhanced salt tolerance. | salinity is one of the major factors that limits geographical distribution of plants and adversely affects crop productivity and quality. we report here high-level expression of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (badh) in cultured cells, roots, and leaves of carrot (daucus carota) via plastid genetic engineering. homoplasmic transgenic plants exhibiting high levels of salt tolerance were regenerated from bombarded cell cultures via somatic embryogenesis. transformation efficiency of carrot somatic ... | 2004 | 15347789 |
| evolution of endogenous hormone concentration in embryogenic cultures of carrot during early expression of somatic embryogenesis. | embryogenic callus and suspension cultures of carrot (daucus carota l., cv. nantaise), growing on/in medium including 1 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-d), were transferred to medium with or without this plant growth regulator, to impair or induce, respectively, further development of somatic embryos. the endogenous hormone levels of the cultures were determined over 7 days by means of radio-immunoassay, to characterize their evolution in the initial stages of embryo development. in ge ... | 2005 | 15375630 |
| abscisic acid-inducible nuclear proteins bind to bipartite promoter elements required for aba response and embryo-regulated expression of the carrot dc3 gene. | the carrot (daucus carota l.) lea-class gene dc3 is expressed in developing seeds and in vegetative tissues subject to drought and treatment with exogenous abscisic acid (aba). cis regulatory elements involved in seed-specific expression and in response to aba were identified in transgenic tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) using beta-glucuronidase (gus) reporter gene constructs containing a series of deletion and orientation mutants of the dc3 promoter. these experiments demonstrated that the dc3 p ... | 2005 | 15378369 |
| effectiveness of lemon juice, vinegar and their mixture in the elimination of salmonella typhimurium on carrots (daucus carota l.). | lemon juice, vinegar and the mixture of lemon juice and vinegar (1:1) were tested for their effectiveness in reducing the counts of inoculated salmonella typhimurium (approximately 6 and 3 log cfu/g) on carrots. treatment of carrot samples with lemon juice vinegar alone for different exposure times (0, 15, 30 and 60 min) caused significant reductions ranging between 0.79-3.95 and 1.57-3.58 log cfu/g, respectively, while the number of pathogens was reduced to an undetectable level after 30-min tr ... | 2004 | 15454320 |
| occurrence of gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus in tropical and subtropical plants of western ghats, india. | endophytic bacteria were isolated from the tissues of surface sterilized roots, stems, and leaves of fifty different crop plants. phenotypic, biochemical tests and species-specific pcr assay permitted identification of four isolates of gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus from root tissues of carrot (daucus carota l.), raddish (raphanus sativus l.), beetroot (beta vulgaris l.) and coffee (coffea arabica l.). further the plant growth promoting traits such as nitrogenase activity, production of phytoh ... | 2004 | 15462523 |
| response to cadmium of daucus carota hairy roots dual cultures with glomus intraradices or gigaspora margarita. | ri t-dna-transformed carrot roots were cultivated in two experiments either non-inoculated or inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi glomus intraradices or gigaspora margarita. the influence of two concentrations of cadmium (cd) in the medium (2 mg l(-1), 4 mg l(-1)) on both root and mycelium growth was tested. both parameters were estimated at 10-day intervals for 70 or 100 days for g. intraradices and gi. margarita, respectively. in the first experiment, g. intraradices showed a ... | 2005 | 15517423 |