Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| effect of the supplementation of dietary rich phytoestrogens in altering the vitamin d levels in diet induced osteoporotic rat model. | plant-derived estrogen-like compounds such as isoflavones (if) especially daidzein and genistein are said to be preserving the bone in the osteoporotic conditions. however, it is not known whether a combination of if and calcium (ca) supplementation attenuates losses in bone mass and prevents the loss of vitamin d (vd). the present study addresses the role of phytoestrogens (pe) and ca supplementation in low ca and low vd diet induced osteoporosis (osp). cowpea (cp) which has high amount of the ... | 2010 | 20362669 |
| atomistic modeling of the low-frequency mechanical modes and raman spectra of icosahedral virus capsids. | we describe a technique for calculating the low-frequency mechanical modes and frequencies of a large symmetric biological molecule where the eigenvectors of the hessian matrix are determined with full atomic detail. the method, which follows order n methods used in electronic structure theory, determines the subset of lowest-frequency modes while using group theory to reduce the complexity of the problem. we apply the method to three icosahedral viruses of various t numbers and sizes; the human ... | 2010 | 20365606 |
| a tobamovirus expression vector for agroinfection of legumes and nicotiana. | the highest recombinant protein expression levels in plants have been achieved using tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) vectors via agroinoculation of the tobacco, nicotiana benthamiana. these vectors have been utilized for pharmaceutical protein production and also can serve as rapid gene expression screens for proteonomics. we have constructed a similar vector based on the legume-infecting tobamovirus, sunn hemp mosaic virus (shmv), by deleting the coat protein gene (shmv eliminate coat protein gene o ... | 2010 | 20380855 |
| rhizobium tubonense sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of oxytropis glabra. | four rhizobial strains, designated ccbau 85046(t), ccbau 85051, ccbau 85048 and ccbau 85049, isolated from root nodules of oxytropis glabra grown in tibet, china, were previously defined, using amplified 16s rrna gene restriction analysis, as a novel group within the genus rhizobium. to clarify their taxonomic position, these strains were further analysed and compared with reference strains of related bacteria using a polyphasic approach. the 16s rrna gene analysis showed that the four isolates ... | 2011 | 20382797 |
| translocation of nopp by sinorhizobium fredii usda257 into vigna unguiculata root nodules. | sinorhizobium fredii is a nitrogen-fixing legume symbiont that stimulates the formation of root nodules. s. fredii nodulation of roots is influenced by nop proteins, which are secreted through a type iii secretion system (t3ss). we demonstrate that s. fredii injects nopp into vigna unguiculata nodules in a t3ss-dependent manner. | 2010 | 20382805 |
| defining criteria for oligomannose immunogens for hiv using icosahedral virus capsid scaffolds. | the broadly neutralizing antibody 2g12 recognizes a conserved cluster of high-mannose glycans on the surface envelope spike of hiv, suggesting that the "glycan shield" defense of the virus can be breached and may, under the right circumstances, serve as a vaccine target. in an attempt to recreate features of the glycan shield semisynthetically, oligomannosides were coupled to surface lysines on the icosahedral capsids of bacteriophage q beta and cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv). the q beta glycoconjug ... | 2010 | 20416507 |
| rhizobial adaptation to hosts, a new facet in the legume root-nodule symbiosis. | rhizobia are able to infect legume roots, elicit root nodules, and live therein as endosymbiotic, nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. host recognition and specificity are the results of early programming events in bacteria and plants, in which important signal molecules play key roles. here, we introduce a new aspect of this symbiosis: the adaptive response to hosts. this refers to late events in bacteroids in which specific genes are transcribed and translated that help the endosymbionts to meet the di ... | 2010 | 20459317 |
| predator avoidance by phytophagous mites is affected by the presence of herbivores in a neighboring patch. | when predators invade a leaf patch inhabited by herbivores, the herbivores disperse to a neighboring predator-free leaf patch, thus escaping from the predators. however, the neighboring patch might already be used by con- or heterospecific herbivores. we used laboratory bioassays to examine whether perception of odor from con- or heterospecific competitors on a neighbored lima bean leaf patch influences dispersal behavior of the herbivorous mite tetranychus urticae when attacked by predatory mit ... | 2010 | 20467794 |
| diffusion and accumulation in cultivated vegetable plants of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp) from a plastic production factory. | di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp) concentrations in the atmosphere and in four vegetable crops including brassica chinensis l. (bok choy), brassica campestris l. (field mustard), vigna unguiculata walp. (cowpea), and solanum melongena l. (eggplant) cultivated on land surrounding a plastic production factory were determined. the air dehp concentrations (means) at the sites 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 km away from the plastic production building were about 9.4-12.8, 5.8-9.6, 1.6-5.0, and 0.04-0.27 mic ... | 2010 | 20496185 |
| antifungal activity of four weedy plant extracts against selected mycotoxigenic fungi. | to investigate the antifungal activity of aqueous and organic extracts of four weedy plant species viz. tagetes minuta, lippia javanica, amaranthus spinosus and vigna unguiculata against isolates of four agriculturally important fungi, i.e. fusarium verticillioides, f. proliferatum, aspergillus flavus and a. parasiticus. | 2010 | 20553341 |
| a newly identified role for tomato bushy stunt virus p19 in short distance spread. | summary this study identified a role for the tomato bushy stunt virus (tbsv) p19 protein (p19) in local lesion expansion on cowpea (vigna unguiculata), and cell-to-cell movement in pepper (capsicum annuum). the contribution to short distance spread in both hosts was strongly influenced by a cluster of charged amino acids between positions 72 and 78 on the 172 amino acid p19. charged amino acids near this region between positions 43 and 85 were required for long distance spread in pepper. these r ... | 2003 | 20569364 |
| effects of four host plants on biology and food utilization of the cutworm, spodoptera litura. | effects of four host plants, tobacco, chinese cabbage, cowpea and sweet potato, on larval and pupal development and survival, and longevity and fecundity of adults of spodoptera litura (f) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), were studied under laboratory conditions (26 degrees c, 60-80% rh), as was the utilization of the four host plants and adaptation on tobacco. all of the biological parameters included in the study were affected by the host plants. in a choice test, s. litura females oviposited most on ... | 2010 | 20578886 |
| effect of three bean species on the development and reproduction of a population of the parasitoid, encarsia bimaculata, on the whitefly, bemisia tabaci. | developmental time, parasitism, emergence, longevity, fecundity and demographic parameters of population of encarsia bimaculata heraty and polaszek (hymenoptera: aphelinidae), a parasitoid attacking bemisia tabaci (biotype b) (gennadius) (homoptera: aleyrodidae) infesting soybean, glyine max l. (merr), cowpea, vigna unguiulata l. and garden bean, phaseolus vulgaris l. (fabeles: fabaceae) were quantified and compared. encarsia bimaculata was able to complete its life cycle independent of the b. t ... | 2010 | 20578950 |
| intravital imaging of embryonic and tumor neovasculature using viral nanoparticles. | viral nanoparticles are a novel class of biomolecular agents that take advantage of the natural circulatory and targeting properties of viruses to allow the development of therapeutics, vaccines and imaging tools. we have developed a multivalent nanoparticle platform based on the cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv) that facilitates particle labeling at high density with fluorescent dyes and other functional groups. compared with other technologies, cpmv-based viral nanoparticles are particularly suited f ... | 2010 | 20671724 |
| effects of four host plants on susceptibility of spodoptera litura (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae to five insecticides and activities of detoxification esterases. | the tobacco cutworm, spodoptera litura (f.), is one of the most destructive polyphagous pests worldwide. the susceptibility of s. litura larvae reared on tobacco, chinese cabbage, cowpea and sweet potato to phoxim, chlorfenapyr, methomyl, fenvalerate and emamectin benzoate under laboratory conditions was determined. | 2010 | 20672333 |
| virus hybrids as nanomaterials for biotechnology. | the current review describes advances in the field of bionanotechnology in which viruses are used to fabricate nanomaterials. viruses are introduced as protein cages, scaffolds, and templates for the production of biohybrid nanostructured materials where organic and inorganic molecules are incorporated in a precise and a controlled fashion. genetic engineering enables the insertion or replacement of selected amino acids on virus capsids for uses from bioconjugation to crystal growth. the variety ... | 2010 | 20688511 |
| the rkpu gene of sinorhizobium fredii hh103 is required for bacterial k-antigen polysaccharide production and for efficient nodulation with soybean but not with cowpea. | in this work, the role of the rkpu and rkpj genes in the production of the k-antigen polysaccharides (kps) and in the symbiotic capacity of sinorhizobium fredii hh103, a broad host-range rhizobial strain able to nodulate soybean and many other legumes, was studied. the rkpj- and rkpu-encoded products are orthologous to escherichia coli proteins involved in capsule export. s. fredii hh103 mutant derivatives were contructed in both genes. to our knowledge, this is the first time that the role of r ... | 2010 | 20688828 |
| agrobacterium-produced and exogenous cytokinin-modulated agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogenic bacterium that causes neoplastic growths, called 'crown gall', via the transfer and integration of transferred dna (t-dna) from the bacterium into the plant genome. we characterized an acetosyringone (as)-induced tumour-inducing (ti) plasmid gene, tzs (trans-zeatin synthesizing), that is responsible for the synthesis of the plant hormone cytokinin in nopaline-type a. tumefaciens strains. the loss of tzs protein expression and trans-zeatin secretion ... | 2010 | 20696005 |
| transcriptional profiling of root-knot nematode induced feeding sites in cowpea (vigna unguiculata l. walp.) using a soybean genome array. | the locus rk confers resistance against several species of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp., rkn) in cowpea (vigna unguiculata). based on histological and reactive oxygen species (ros) profiles, rk confers a delayed but strong resistance mechanism without a hypersensitive reaction-mediated cell death process, which allows nematode development but blocks reproduction. | 2010 | 20723233 |
| assessing risk to human health from tropical leafy vegetables grown on contaminated urban soils. | fifteen tropical leafy vegetable types were sampled from farmers' gardens situated on nine contaminated sites used to grow vegetables for commercial or subsistence consumption in and around kampala city, uganda. trace metal concentrations in soils were highly variable and originated from irrigation with wastewater, effluent discharge from industry and dumping of solid waste. metal concentrations in the edible shoots of vegetables also differed greatly between, and within, sites. gynandropsis gyn ... | 2010 | 20739044 |
| comparing symbiotic efficiency between swollen versus nonswollen rhizobial bacteroids. | symbiotic rhizobia differentiate physiologically and morphologically into nitrogen-fixing bacteroids inside legume host nodules. the differentiation is apparently terminal in some legume species, such as peas (pisum sativum) and peanuts (arachis hypogaea), likely due to extreme cell swelling induced by the host. in other legume species, such as beans (phaseolus vulgaris) and cowpeas (vigna unguiculata), differentiation into bacteroids, which are similar in size and shape to free-living rhizobia, ... | 2010 | 20837702 |
| ensifer (sinorhizobium) sojae sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of glycine max grown in saline-alkaline soils in hebei province of china. | thirteen bacterial strains isolated from root nodules of soybean grown in saline-alkaline soils in the chinese province of hebei were identified as a unique group in genus ensifer (sinorhizobium) based upon box-pcr patterns, sequencing analyses of 16s rrna and housekeeping genes, and dna-dna hybridization. phenotypically, positive acid production and negative reduction in litmus milk and sensitivity to 50 µg ml(1) of amplicillin, as well as some other features could differentiate the novel group ... | 2010 | 20851917 |
| the effect of germination on the phytase activity, phytate and total phosphorus contents of some nigerian-grown grain legumes. | grain legumes are under-exploited as possible sources of phytase for the poultry industry. the current study was conducted to assess the effect of germination on phytase activities, phytate and total phosphorus content in samples of nigerian-grown grain legumes. the legumes screened were african yambean (ayb, sphenostylis stenocarpa), lima bean (phaseolus lunatus), pigeon pea (cajanus cajan), cowpea (vigna unguiculata) and groundnut (arachis hypogea). | 2011 | 20859988 |
| reproductive capacities and development of a seed bruchid beetle, acanthoscelides macrophthalmus, a potential host for the mass rearing of the parasitoid, dinarmus basalis. | the reproductive capacities and development of the seed beetle acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (schaeffer) (coleoptera: bruchidae), found in togo, were determined under natural conditions in a guinean zone for its use as a substitute host for the mass rearing of the parasitoid dinarmus basalts rond (hymenoptera: pteromalidae), a biological agent for the control of beetles that are pests of cowpea, vigna unguiculata (l.) walpers (fabales: fabaceae). population dynamics at the field level; and surv ... | 2010 | 20879923 |
| host-specific symbiotic requirement of bdeab, a regr-controlled rnd-type efflux system in bradyrhizobium japonicum. | multidrug efflux systems not only cause resistance against antibiotics and toxic compounds but also mediate successful host colonization by certain plant-associated bacteria. the genome of the nitrogen-fixing soybean symbiont bradyrhizobium japonicum encodes 24 members of the family of resistance/nodulation/cell division (rnd) multidrug efflux systems, of which bdeab is genetically controlled by the regsr two-component regulatory system. phylogenetic analysis of the membrane components of these ... | 2010 | 20883496 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the type isolate of cowpea mild mottle virus from ghana. | 2010 | 20890716 | |
| isolation and characterization of novel plant growth promoting micrococcus sp nii-0909 and its interaction with cowpea. | a phosphate-solubilizing bacterial strain nii-0909 isolated from the western ghat forest soil in india was identified as micrococcus sp on the basis of phenotypic characteristics, carbon source utilization pattern, fatty acid methyl esters analysis, and 16s rrna gene sequence. the strain exhibited the plant growth-promoting attributes of phosphate solubilization, auxin production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity, and siderophore production. it was able to solubilize (122.4μg ... | 2010 | 20951599 |
| rapid transient production in plants by replicating and non-replicating vectors yields high quality functional anti-hiv antibody. | the capacity of plants and plant cells to produce large amounts of recombinant protein has been well established. due to advantages in terms of speed and yield, attention has recently turned towards the use of transient expression systems, including viral vectors, to produce proteins of pharmaceutical interest in plants. however, the effects of such high level expression from viral vectors and concomitant effects on host cells may affect the quality of the recombinant product. | 2010 | 21103044 |
| bradyrhizobium lablabi sp. nov., isolated from effective nodules of lablab purpureus and arachis hypogaea grown in southern china. | five strains isolated from root nodules of lablab purpureus and arachis hypogaea grown in anhui and sichuan provinces of china were classified within the genus bradyrhizobium. these strains had identical 16s rrna nucleotide sequences which shared 99.22% and 99.48% similarities with the most related strains of bradyrhizobium jicamae pac 68(t), bradyrhizobium pachyrhizi pac 48(t) and bradyrhizobium elkanii usda 76(t). polyphasic approaches including 16s rrna gene rflp, igs-rflp, box-pcr, comparati ... | 2010 | 21112989 |
| genic snp markers and legume synteny reveal candidate genes underlying qtl for macrophomina phaseolina resistance and maturity in cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l) walp.]. | macrophomina phaseolina is an emerging and devastating fungal pathogen that causes significant losses in crop production under high temperatures and drought stress. an increasing number of disease incidence reports highlight the wide prevalence of the pathogen around the world and its contribution toward crop yield suppression. in cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l) walp.], limited sources of low-level host resistance have been identified, the genetic basis of which is unknown. in this study we report ... | 2011 | 21208448 |
| the structure of a haemopexin-fold protein from cow pea (vigna unguiculata) suggests functional diversity of haemopexins in plants. | the haemopexin fold is present in almost all life forms and is utilized for carrying out diverse physiological functions. the structure of cp4, a haemopexin-fold protein from cow pea (vigna unguiculata), was determined at 2.1 å resolution. the protein exists as a monomer both in solution and in the crystal. the structure revealed a typical four-bladed ß-propeller topology. the protein exhibits 42% sequence similarity to ls-24 from lathyrus sativus, with substantial differences in the surface-cha ... | 2011 | 21301085 |
| degradation of tannic acid by cold-adapted klebsiella sp nacasa1 and phytotoxicity assessment of tannic acid and its degradation products. | the focus of the present study is to know the potential of bacterial isolate for tannic acid degradation at low temperature. also, we tried to evaluate the suitability of phytotoxicity testing protocol for the determination of tannic acid toxicity. | 2011 | 21336632 |
| akara ogbomoso: microbiological examination and identification of hazards and critical control points. | akara ogbomoso was examined toward the establishment of hazard analysis and critical control point (haccp). the akara was produced in residential buildings with the attendant consequence of contamination. there was ample growth of aerobes, coliforms, staphylococci, shigella and yeast/mold from the samples, water and cowpea pastes. microbial contaminations occur through the processing, which can be corrected through education by adopting good hygienic and manufacturing practices. the critical con ... | 2010 | 21339157 |
| infectivity analysis of a blackgram isolate of mungbean yellow mosaic virus and genetic assortment with mymiv in selective hosts. | yellow mosaic disease in grain legumes in indian subcontinent is caused by two important virus species viz. mungbean yellow mosaic virus (mymv) and mungbean yellow mosaic india virus (mymiv), belonging to the genus begomovirus of the family geminiviridae. the genomic components of a begomovirus causing yellow mosaic disease in blackgram in southern india were cloned and sequenced. nucleotide sequence comparison of dna a component shows the virus isolate to be a variant of mungbean yellow mosaic ... | 2011 | 21380756 |
| cowpea mosaic virus nanoparticles target surface vimentin on cancer cells. | vimentin, a type iii intermediate filament, is upregulated during epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor progression. vimentin is surface-expressed on cells involved in inflammation; the function remains unknown. we investigated the expression of surface vimentin on cancer cells and evaluated targeting nanoparticles to tumors exploiting vimentin. | 2011 | 21385137 |
| comparative analysis of the genomes of two isolates of cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (cabmv) obtained from different hosts. | the complete genomic sequences of two cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (cabmv) isolates from brazil, mg-avr from passion fruit (which also infects cowpea), and br1 from peanut (which also infects cowpea, but not passion fruit), were determined. their nucleotide sequences are 89% identical and display 85% identity to that of cabmv-z. both isolates have the typical potyvirus genome features. p3 and vpg are the most conserved proteins, with 99% amino acid sequence identity between the two isolates, ... | 2011 | 21409445 |
| nutritive value, fermentation characteristics, and in situ disappearance kinetics of ensiled warm-season legumes and bahiagrass. | this study determined the nutritive value, ensiling characteristics, and in situ disappearance kinetics of bahiagrass (paspalum notatum flügge 'tifton 9'), perennial peanut (arachis glabrata benth. 'florigraze'), annual peanut [arachis hypogaea (l.) 'fl mdr 98'], cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l.) walp. 'iron clay'], and pigeonpea [cajanus cajan (l.) millsp. 'ga-2']. all forages were harvested at maturity stages that optimized dry matter (dm) yield and nutritive value. after harvest, forages were wi ... | 2011 | 21426995 |
| phylogeny of bradyrhizobia from chinese cowpea miscellany inferred from 16s rrna, atpd, glnii, and 16s-23s intergenic spacer sequences. | the cowpea (vigna unguiculata l.), peanut (arachis hypogaea l.), and mung bean (vigna radiata l.) belong to a group of plants known as the "cowpea miscellany" plants, which are widely cultivated throughout the tropic and subtropical zones of africa and asia. however, the phylogeny of the rhizobial strains that nodulate these plants is poorly understood. previous studies have isolated a diversity of rhizobial strains from cowpea miscellany hosts and have suggested that, phylogenetically, they are ... | 2011 | 21491983 |
| phylogenetic diversity of indigenous cowpea bradyrhizobia from soils in japan based on sequence analysis of the 16s-23s rrna internal transcribed spacer (its) region. | cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l.) walp.] is an important legume crop and yet its rhizobia have not been well characterized in many areas. in the present study, sequence analysis of the bacterial 16s-23s rrna internal transcribed spacer (its) region was performed to characterize genetically 76 indigenous cowpea rhizobia from five different geographic regions (okinawa, miyazaki, kyoto, fukushima and hokkaido) of japan. the sequence analysis clustered all isolates in the genus bradyrhizobium. they wer ... | 2011 | 21498019 |
| effect of pyramiding bt and cpti genes on resistance of cotton to helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) under laboratory and field conditions. | transgenic cotton (cossypium hirsutum l.) varieties, adapted to china, have been bred that express two genes for resistance to insects, the crylac gene from bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) (bt), and a trypsin inhibitor gene from cowpea (cpti). effectiveness of the double gene modification in conferring resistance to cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), was studied in laboratory and field experiments. in each experiment, performance of bt+cpti cotton was comp ... | 2011 | 21510221 |
| intravital imaging of human prostate cancer using viral nanoparticles targeted to gastrin-releasing peptide receptors. | multivalent nanoparticles have several key advantages in terms of solubility, binding avidity, and uptake, making them particularly well suited to molecular imaging applications. herein is reported the stepwise synthesis and characterization of nir viral nanoparticles targeted to gastrin-releasing peptide receptors that are over-expressed in human prostate cancers. the pan-bombesin analogue, [β-ala11, phe13, nle14]bombesin-(7-14), is conjugated to cowpea mosaic virus particles functionalized wit ... | 2011 | 21520408 |
| in situ distribution and speciation of toxic copper, nickel, and zinc in hydrated roots of cowpea. | the phytotoxicity of trace metals is of global concern due to contamination of the landscape by human activities. using synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence microscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy, the distribution and speciation of copper (cu), nickel (ni), and zinc (zn) was examined in situ using hydrated roots of cowpea (vigna unguiculata) exposed to 1.5 μm cu, 5 μm ni, or 40 μm zn for 1 to 24 h. after 24 h of exposure, most cu was bound to polygalacturonic acid of the rhizodermis and ou ... | 2011 | 21525332 |
| comparison of the α-amylase inhibitor-1 from common bean (phaseolus vulgaris) varieties and transgenic expression in other legumes-post-translational modifications and immunogenicity. | the seeds of peas (pisum sativum) and chickpeas (cicer arietinum) expressing a gene for α-amylase inhibitor-1 (αai) from the common bean (phaseolus vulgaris) are protected from damage by old world bruchids (pea and cowpea weevils). here, we used electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry to compare the post-translational modifications of αai from transgenic sources with the processed forms of the protein from several bean varieties. all sources showed microheterogeneity with differ ... | 2011 | 21542649 |
| phylogenetic diversity and symbiotic effectiveness of root-nodulating bacteria associated with cowpea in the south-west area of japan. | the phylogenetic diversity of cowpea root-nodulating bacteria in the south-west of japan was investigated using 60 isolates. seeds of cowpea were aseptically sown in vermiculite and inoculated with a suspension of cowpea soil (cs) or bean soil (bs) or without a soil suspension as a control. cs and bs were collected from the kyushu university's farm (japan) at sites where cowpea and bean, respectively, have been cultivated previously. based on an analysis of the 16s rrna gene and the internal tra ... | 2009 | 21566362 |
| accumulation of cu, zn, pb, and cd in edible parts of four commonly grown crops in two contaminated soils. | soil heavy metal pollution resulting from human activities is causing major concern due to its potential risk. in this study, four crop species with different cultivars were planted in 2 levels (heavily and slightly) of heavy metal contaminated soils, and the accumulation of cu, zn, pb, and cd in the edible parts of the crops were investigated. metal concentrations in sesame seeds grown in both soils exceeded both the chinese food hygiene standard (cfhs) and codex alimentarius commission standar ... | 2011 | 21598793 |
| comparative study on antioxidant activity of different varieties of commonly consumed legumes in india. | legumes are rich source of proteins, dietary fiber, micronutrients and bioactive phytochemicals. thirty different varieties of commonly consumed legumes in india, were screened for phenolic content and antioxidant activity using, radical scavenging [(1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (dpph()) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, (abts(+))], ferric reducing antioxidant power (frap) and metal ion (fe(2+)) chelation assays. legumes varied largely in their antioxidant activity. h ... | 2011 | 21601612 |
| a crystallographic approach to structural transitions in icosahedral viruses. | viruses with icosahedral capsids, which form the largest class of all viruses and contain a number of important human pathogens, can be modelled via suitable icosahedrally invariant finite subsets of icosahedral 3d quasicrystals. we combine concepts from the theory of 3d quasicrystals, and from the theory of structural phase transformations in crystalline solids, to give a framework for the study of the structural transitions occurring in icosahedral viral capsids during maturation or infection. ... | 2011 | 21611828 |
| consumption of legumes improves certain bone markers in ovariectomized rats. | soybeans are known to protect against osteoporosis, but other legumes frequently consumed in asia have not been studied to learn if they have a similar protective effect. this study investigated the hypothesis that consumption of soybean, mung bean, cowpea, and adzuki bean has beneficial effects on bone biomarkers in ovariectomized rats. female sprague-dawley rats were either sham operated (sham; n = 7) or surgically ovariectomized and then fed a regular ain-93m diet (ovx; n = 7) or ain-93m cont ... | 2011 | 21636018 |
| not as they seem. | i recount the early influences that directed me to toward a career in research and then describe some efforts investigating cowpea mosaic virus and the satellite rna of tobacco ringspot virus. these descriptions have a common theme of surprise, how things often can be not as they are expected to be. finally, i examine the widely held belief that a plant transgene derived from a distant taxonomic source presents a greater risk than a transgene derived from a closely related plant and contend that ... | 2010 | 21639782 |
| participation of the cowpea mosaic virus protease in eliciting extreme resistance. | extreme resistance of arlington line cowpea (vigna unguiculata) to cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv) is under control of a dominant locus designated cpa. we transiently expressed, using tomato bushy stunt virus (tbsv) vectors and agrobacterium tumefaciens, in nearly isogenic cpa/cpa and cpa/cpa cowpea lines, sequences from rna1, the larger of two cpmv genomic rnas. activation of a cpa-specific response mapped to the cpmv 24k protease (24kpro). mutational analysis of the 24kpro gene implicated protease ... | 2011 | 21640367 |
| multiple loci are involved in quorum quenching of autoinducer i molecules in the nitrogen-fixing symbiont (sino-) rhizobium sp. ngr234. | rhizobium sp. ngr234 is a unique α-proteobacterium (order - rhizobiales) that forms nitrogen-fixing nodules with more legumes than any other micro-symbiont. since we have previously described the complete genome sequence of ngr234, we now report on a genome wide functional analysis of the genes and enzymes involved in autoinducer i hydrolysis in this microbe. altogether we identified five cosmid clones that repeatedly gave a positive result in our function-based approach for the detection of aut ... | 2011 | 21642401 |
| mutagenesis in orf av2 affects viral replication in mungbean yellow mosaic india virus. | mungbean yellow mosaic india virus (mymiv) is a whitefly-transmitted begomovirus with a bipartite genome. we investigate the functions of the mymiv-av2 protein, the open reading frame present upstream of the coat protein gene in dna a component. the ability of mymiv-av2 mutants to replicate, spread and cause symptoms in legume hosts, blackgram, cowpea and french bean was analysed. plants agroinoculated with mutants k73r, c86s and the double mutant c84s,c86s showed increase in severity of symptom ... | 2011 | 21654086 |
| evaluation of nanoparticle uptake in tumors in real time using intravital imaging. | current technologies for tumor imaging, such as ultrasound, mri, pet and ct, are unable to yield high-resolution images for the assessment of nanoparticle uptake in tumors at the microscopic level(1,2,3,) highlighting the utility of a suitable xenograft model in which to perform detailed uptake analyses. here, we use high-resolution intravital imaging to evaluate nanoparticle uptake in human tumor xenografts in a modified, shell-less chicken embryo model. the chicken embryo model is particularly ... | 2011 | 21730939 |
| indigenous and introduced potyviruses of legumes and passiflora spp. from australia: biological properties and comparison of coat protein nucleotide sequences. | five australian potyviruses, passion fruit woodiness virus (pwv), passiflora mosaic virus (pamv), passiflora virus y, clitoria chlorosis virus (clcv) and hardenbergia mosaic virus (harmv), and two introduced potyviruses, bean common mosaic virus (bcmv) and cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (cabmv), were detected in nine wild or cultivated passiflora and legume species growing in tropical, subtropical or mediterranean climatic regions of western australia. when clcv (1), pamv (1), pavy (8) and pwv ... | 2011 | 21744001 |
| transcriptome sequencing, and rapid development and application of snp markers for the legume pod borer maruca vitrata (lepidoptera: crambidae). | the legume pod borer, maruca vitrata (lepidoptera: crambidae), is an insect pest species of crops grown by subsistence farmers in tropical regions of africa. we present the de novo assembly of 3729 contigs from 454- and sanger-derived sequencing reads for midgut, salivary, and whole adult tissues of this non-model species. functional annotation predicted that 1320 m. vitrata protein coding genes are present, of which 631 have orthologs within the bombyx mori gene model. a homology-based analysis ... | 2011 | 21754987 |
| improved expression and purification of recombinant human serum albumin from transgenic tobacco suspension culture. | most human serum albumin (hsa) for medical applications is derived from human plasma due to the lack of suitable heterologous expression systems for recombinant hsa (rhsa). to determine whether plant cell cultures could provide an alternative source, we employed the hyper-translatable cowpea mosaic virus protein expression system (cpmv-ht) to stably express rhsa in tobacco bright yellow-2 (by-2) cells. rhsa was stably produced with yield up to 11.88µg/ml in the culture medium, accounting for 0.7 ... | 2011 | 21762733 |
| multiscale simulation of microbe structure and dynamics. | a multiscale mathematical and computational approach is developed that captures the hierarchical organization of a microbe. it is found that a natural perspective for understanding a microbe is in terms of a hierarchy of variables at various levels of resolution. this hierarchy starts with the n -atom description and terminates with order parameters characterizing a whole microbe. this conceptual framework is used to guide the analysis of the liouville equation for the probability density of the ... | 2011 | 21802438 |
| identification of plant protein kinases in response to abiotic and biotic stresses using supersage. | plants are sessile organisms subjected to many environmental adversities. for their survival they must sense and respond to biotic and abiotic stresses efficiently. during this process, protein kinases are essential in the perception of environmental stimuli, triggering signaling cascades. kinases are among the largest and most important gene families for biotechnological purposes, bringing many challenges to the bioinformaticians due to the combination of conserved domains besides diversified r ... | 2011 | 21827428 |
| rna viruses and their silencing suppressors boost abutilon mosaic virus, but not the old world tomato yellow leaf curl sardinia virus. | mixed viral infections can induce different changes in symptom development, genome accumulation and tissue tropism. these issues were investigated for two phloem-limited begomoviruses, abutilon mosaic virus (abmv) and tomato yellow leaf curl sardinia virus (tylcsv) in nicotiana benthamiana plants doubly infected by either the potyvirus cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (cabmv) or the tombusvirus artichoke mottled crinkle virus (amcv). both rna viruses induced an increase of the amount of abmv, led ... | 2011 | 21843560 |
| Improved Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cowpea via sonication and vacuum infiltration. | An improved method of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cowpea was developed employing both sonication and vacuum infiltration treatments. 4 day-old cotyledonary nodes were used as explants for co-cultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harbouring the binary vector pSouv-cry1Ac. Among the different injury treatments, vacuum infiltration and their combination treatments tested, sonication for 20 s followed by vacuum infiltration for 5 min with A. tumefaciens resulted in hi ... | 2011 | 21853337 |
| packaging and structural phenotype of brome mosaic virus capsid protein with altered n-terminal β-hexamer structure. | the first 45 amino acid region of brome mosaic virus (bmv) capsid protein (cp) contains rna binding and structural domains that are implicated in the assembly of infectious virions. one such important structural domain encompassing amino acids 28qpviv32, highly conserved between bmv and cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (ccmv), exhibits a β-hexamer structure. in this study we report that alteration of the β-hexamer structure by mutating 28qpviv32 to 28aaaaa32 had no effect either on symptom phenotyp ... | 2011 | 21864876 |
| design, synthesis, crystal structure analysis, and insecticidal evaluation of phenylazoneonicotinoids. | on the basis of research of the proposed modes of action between neonicotinoids and insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr), a series of phenylazoneonicotinoids were designed and synthesized to further promote the π-π interaction between molecule and amino acid residues. the target compounds have been identified on the basis of satisfactory analytical and spectral ((1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, hrms, and x-ray) data. the preliminary results revealed that tiny differences in substitutes resulted i ... | 2011 | 21894959 |
| using polymer conformation to control architecture in semiconducting polymer/viral capsid assemblies. | cowpea chlorotic mottle virus is a single-stranded rna plant virus with a diameter of 28 nm. the proteins comprising the capsid of this virus can be purified and reassembled either by themselves to form hollow structures or with polyanions such as double-stranded dna or single-stranded rna. depending on ph and ionic strength, a diverse range of structures and shapes can form. the work presented here focuses on using these proteins to encapsulate a fluorescent polyanionic semiconducting polymer, ... | 2011 | 21942298 |
| genotypic characterization of phage-typed indigenous soybean bradyrhizobia and their host range symbiotic effectiveness. | analysis of genetic diversity among indigenous rhizobia and its symbiotic effectiveness with soybean cultivar is important for development of knowledge about rhizobial ecology. in india, little is known about the genetic resources and diversity of rhizobia nodulating soybean. indigenous bradyrhizobia isolated from root nodules of soybean plants, collected from traditional cultivating regions of two states (madhya pradesh and uttar pradesh) of india, were screened for bacteriophage sensitivity to ... | 2011 | 21984348 |
| bradyrhizobium huanghuaihaiense sp. nov., an effective symbiotic bacterium isolated from soybean (glycine max l.) nodules in northern (huang-huai-hai) plain of china. | in a survey of biodiversity and biogeography of rhizobia associated with soybean (glycine max l.) in different sites of northern (huang-huai-hai) plain of china, ten strains were defined as a novel genomic species in the genus of bradyrhizobium. they were distinguished from defined species in rflp (restriction fragment length polymorphism) of 16s rrna gene and intergenic spacer (igs) between 16s and 23s rrna genes. in box-pcr, these strains presented two patterns sharing 94% similarities, demons ... | 2011 | 22003042 |
| Form, symmetry and packing of biomacromolecules. IV. Filled capsids of cowpea, tobacco, MS2 and pariacoto RNA viruses. | Four icosahedral RNA viruses are considered: the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus, the satellite tobacco mosaic virus, the pariacoto virus and the MS2 bacteriophage. The validity of the phenomenological rules derived in previous publications (crystallographic scaling, indexed forms enclosing axial-symmetric clusters, packing lattices of viral crystals) is confirmed and shown to apply equally well to the coat proteins as to the (ordered) RNA chains. | 2011 | 22011467 |
| Form, symmetry and packing of biomacromolecules. V. Shells with boundaries at anti-nodes of resonant vibrations in icosahedral RNA viruses. | The RNA viruses cowpea chlorotic mottle, satellite tobacco mosaic, pariacoto and MS2, already considered in part IV of this series of papers [Janner, A. (2011a), Acta Cryst. A67, 517-520], are investigated further, with the aim to arrive at a possible physical basis for their structural properties. The shell structure of the filled capsid is analyzed in terms of successive spherical boundaries of the sets of icosahedral equivalent chains. By inversion in the sphere enclosing the capsid, the inte ... | 2011 | 22011468 |
| rhizobium halophytocola sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from the root of a coastal dune plant. | during a study of endophytic bacteria from coastal dune plants, a bacterial strain, designated yc6881t, was isolated from the root of rosa rugosa collected from the coastal dune areas of namhae island. the bacterium was found to be gram-negative, motile, halophilic and heterotrophic with a polar single flagellum. strain yc6881t exhibited growth at temperature 4-37 °c (optimum at 28-32 °c), ph 6.0-9.0 (optimum at ph 7.0-8.0) and was able to grow at nacl concentrations in the range of 0-7.5 % (w/v ... | 2011 | 22021574 |
| Synthesis of the Flavonoid-Induced Lipopolysaccharide of Rhizobium Sp. Strain NGR234 Requires Rhamnosyl Transferases Encoded by Genes rgpF and wbgA. | In the presence of flavonoids, Rhizobium sp. strain NGR234 synthesizes a new lipopolysaccharide (LPS), characterized by a rhamnan O-antigen. The presence of this rhamnose-rich LPS is important for the establishment of competent symbiotic interactions between NGR234 and many species of leguminous plants. Two putative rhamnosyl transferases are encoded in a cluster of genes previously shown to be necessary for the synthesis of the rhamnose-rich LPS. These two genes, wbgA and rgpF, were mutated. Th ... | 2011 | 22066901 |
| rhizobium grahamii sp. nov. from dalea leporina, leucaena leucocephala, clitoria ternatea nodules, and rhizobium mesoamericanum sp. nov. from phaseolus vulgaris, siratro, cowpea and mimosa pudica nodules. | two novel related rhizobium species, rhizobium grahamii and rhizobium mesoamericanum were identified by a polyphasic approach using dna-dna hybridization, whole genome sequencing, phylogenetic and phenotypic characterization including nodulation of leucaena leucocephala and phaseolus vulgaris (bean). as similar bacteria were found in los tuxtlas rain forest and in central america we suggest the existence of a mesoamerican microbiological corridor. the type strain of rhizobium grahamii sp. nov. i ... | 2011 | 22081714 |
| efficient production of chimeric human papillomavirus 16 l1 protein bearing the m2e influenza epitope in nicotiana benthamiana plants. | abstract: | 2011 | 22085463 |
| Host impact on the stability of a plant virus gene vector as measured by a new fluorescent local lesion passaging assay. | Viruses can be used as vectors for transient expression of proteins in plants but frequently foreign gene inserts are not maintained stably over time due to recombination events. In this study the hypothesis was that the choice of plant host affects the foreign gene retention level by a Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) vector expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). To accomplish this, a novel virus vector integrity bioassay was developed based on an old concept, whereby RNA transcripts of the ... | 2011 | 22119627 |
| design, synthesis, and particular biological behaviors of chain-opening nitromethylene neonicotinoids with cis configuration. | on the basis of the structure of heterocyclic-fused cis configuration derivatives and chain-opening neonicotinoids, two series of novel chain-opening tetrahydropyridine analogues were designed and synthesized. the preliminary bioassay tests were determined on cowpea aphid ( aphis craccivora ) and armyworm ( pseudaletia separata walker). the results showed that some of the target compounds exhibited repellent effects, whereas others showed good insecticidal activities. | 2011 | 22122797 |
| mining functional microsatellites in legume unigenes. | highly polymorphic and transferable microsatellites (ssrs) are important for comparative genomics, genome analysis and phylogenetic studies. development of novel species-specific microsatellite markers remains a costly and labor-intensive project. therefore, interest has been shifted from genomic to genic markers owing to their high inter-species transferability as they are developed from conserved coding regions of the genome. this study concentrates on comparative analysis of genic microsatell ... | 2011 | 22125396 |
| differential expression of antioxidant enzymes and pr-proteins in compatible and incompatible interactions of cowpea (vigna unguiculata) and the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. | this study aimed to evaluated the resistance and susceptibility of 10 cowpea cultivars to meloidogyne incognita in field studies and to analyze the kinetics of the enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, chitinase, β-1,3-glucanases and cystein proteinase inhibitors in the root system of two contrasting cowpea cultivars after inoculation with m. incognita. the cultivars ce-31 and frade preto were highly resistant; ce-28, ce-01, ce-315, ce-237, were very resistant; ce-70 and ce-216 wer ... | 2012 | 22153251 |
| Enhanced nicking activity of Rep in presence of pre-coat protein of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus. | Yellow mosaic disease causes severe yield loss in grain legumes in Indian subcontinent and south east Asia. The disease is caused by two virus species, Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) and Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV). They have genome organization typical of Old World begomoviruses, the unique feature being the presence of an open reading frame (ORF) AV2 upstream of coat protein gene. In order to elucidate its function, ORF AV2 of blackgram isolate, Mungbean yellow mosaic India ... | 2011 | 22173984 |
| Regulatory considerations surrounding the deployment Of Bt-expressing cowpea In Africa: Report of the deliberations of an expert panel. | Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata spp. unguiculata) is adapted to the drier agro-ecological zones of West Africa where it is a major source of dietary protein and widely used as a fodder crop. Improving the productivity of cowpea can enhance food availability and security in West Africa. Insect predation - predominately from the legume pod borer (Maruca vitrata), flower thrips (Megalurothrips sjostedti) and a complex of pod-sucking bugs (e.g., Clavigralla spp.) - is a major yield-limiting factor in West ... | 2011 | 22179194 |
| self-assembly of viral capsid protein and rna molecules of different sizes: requirement for a specific high protein/rna mass ratio. | virus-like particles can be formed by self-assembly of capsid protein (cp) with rna molecules of increasing length. if the protein "insisted" on a single radius of curvature, the capsids would be identical in size, independent of rna length. however, there would be a limit to length of the rna, and one would not expect rna much shorter than native viral rna to be packaged unless multiple copies were packaged. on the other hand, if the protein did not favor predetermined capsid size, one would ex ... | 2011 | 22205731 |
| an ssr-based linkage map of yardlong bean (vigna unguiculata (l.) walp. subsp. unguiculata sesquipedalis group) and qtl analysis of pod length. | yardlong bean (vigna unguiculata (l.) walp. subsp. unguiculata sesquipedalis group) (2n = 2x = 22) is one of the most important vegetable legumes of asia. the objectives of this study were to develop a genetic linkage map of yardlong bean using ssr makers from related vigna species and to identify qtls for pod length. the map was constructed from 226 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers from cowpea (vigna unguiculata (l.) walp. subsp. unguiculata unguiculata group), azuki bean (vigna angularis ... | 2012 | 22242703 |
| comparative analysis of recombinant human papillomavirus 8 l1 production in plants by a variety of expression systems and purification methods. | human papillomavirus 8 (hpv-8), one of the high-risk cutaneous papillomaviruses (chpvs), is associated with epidermodysplasia verruciformis and nonmelanoma skin cancer in immuno-compromised individuals. currently, no vaccines against chpvs have been reported; however, recent studies on cross-neutralizing properties of their capsid proteins (cp) have fostered an interest in vaccine production against these viruses. we examined the potential of producing hpv-8 major cp l1 in nicotiana benthamiana ... | 2012 | 22260326 |
| successful recovery of transgenic cowpea (vigna unguiculata) using the 6-phosphomannose isomerase gene as the selectable marker. | a new method for obtaining transgenic cowpea was developed using positive selection based on the escherichia coli 6-phosphomannose isomerase gene as the selectable marker and mannose as the selective agent. only transformed cells were capable of utilizing mannose as a carbon source. cotyledonary node explants from 4-day-old in vitro-germinated seedlings of cultivar pusa komal were inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain eha105 carrying the vector pnov2819. regenerating transformed shoot ... | 2012 | 22327900 |
| cloning and expression analysis of gmgal1, soc1 homolog gene in soybean. | a mads box gene agl20/soc1 is a main integrator in arabidopsis flowering pathway whose structure and function are highly conserved in many plant species. a soybean mads box gene gmgal1 (glycine max agamous like 1) as a homolog of agl20/soc1, was cloned from soybean cultivar kennong18 and its function was investigated in transgenic arabidopsis lines. sequence comparisons showed that the closest homolog gene to gmgal1 is agl20/soc1 in arabidopsis and vusoc1 in vigna unguiculata. we investigated th ... | 2012 | 22350155 |
| space warping order parameters and symmetry: application to multiscale simulation of macromolecular assemblies. | coarse-grained features of macromolecular assemblies are understood via a set of order parameters (ops) constructed in terms of their all-atom configuration. ops are shown to be slowly changing in time and capture the large-scale spatial features of macromolecular assemblies. the relationship of these variables to the classic notion of ops based on symmetry breaking phase transitions is discussed. ops based on space warping transformations are analyzed in detail as they naturally provide a conne ... | 2012 | 22356532 |
| sinorhizobium fredii hh103 rkp-3 genes are required for k-antigen polysaccharide biosynthesis, affect lipopolysaccharide structure and are essential for infection of legumes forming determinate nodules. | the sinorhizobium fredii hh103 rkp-3 region has been isolated and sequenced. based on the similarities between the s. fredii hh103 rkpl, rkpm, rkpn, rkpo, rkpp, and rkpq genes and their corresponding orthologues in helicobacter pylori, we propose a possible pathway for the biosynthesis of the s. fredii hh103 k-antigen polysaccharide (kps) repeating unit. three rkp-3 genes (rkpm, rkpp, and rkpq) involved in the biosynthesis of the hh103 kps repeating unit (a derivative of the pseudaminic acid) ha ... | 2012 | 22397406 |
| high and low throughput screens with root-knot nematodes meloidogyne spp. | root-knot nematodes (genus meloidogyne) are obligate plant parasites. they are extremely polyphagous and considered one of the most economically important plant parasitic nematodes. the microscopic second-stage juvenile (j2), molted once in the egg, is the infective stage. the j2s hatch from the eggs, move freely in the soil within a film of water, and locate root tips of suitable plant species. after penetrating the plant root, they migrate towards the vascular cylinder where they establish a f ... | 2012 | 22434014 |
| transient expression of hemagglutinin antigen from low pathogenic avian influenza a (h7n7) in nicotiana benthamiana. | the influenza a virus is of global concern for the poultry industry, especially the h5 and h7 subtypes as they have the potential to become highly pathogenic for poultry. in this study, the hemagglutinin (ha) of a low pathogenic avian influenza virus of the h7n7 subtype isolated from a swedish mallard anas platyrhynchos was sequenced, characterized and transiently expressed in nicotiana benthamiana. recently, plant expression systems have gained interest as an alternative for the production of v ... | 2012 | 22442675 |
| a distinct tymovirus infecting cassia hoffmannseggii in brazil. | leaves of cassia hoffmannseggii, a wild fabaceous species found in the atlantic forest, with a severe mosaic symptom were collected in pernambuco state, brazil. by transmission electron microscopy, two types of virus particles were found: the first was recognized as particles of a potyvirus, which was later identified as cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus; and the second was isometric and present in high concentration. the observation of vesicles at the periphery of chloroplasts suggested a tymovir ... | 2012 | 22528644 |
| herbs containing l- dopa: an update. | l-dopa is the drug of choice in the treatment of parkinson's disease but it has dose related adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, orthostatic hypotension, end of dose deterioration, on off phenomena and on chronic therapy motor complications synonymous to parkinsonism. mucuna pruriens (m.p) commonly known as velvet beans or cowitch are used in case of spasms associated with parkins onism. clinical efficacy of seeds of this plant was confirmed and the efficacy was contributed to its l-dopa c ... | 2007 | 22557260 |
| rna viral vectors for improved agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of heterologous proteins in nicotiana benthamiana cell suspensions and hairy roots. | plant cell suspensions and hairy root cultures represent scalable protein expression platforms. low protein product titers have thus far limited the application of transient protein expression in these hosts. the objective of this work was to overcome this limitation by harnessing a. tumefaciens to deliver replicating and non-replicating rna viral vectors in plant tissue co-cultures. | 2012 | 22559055 |
| functional expression and characterization of sesquiterpene synthases from artemisia annua l. using transient expression system in nicotiana benthamiana. | artemisia annua l. produces a number of sesquiterpene synthases, which catalyze the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to various sesquiterpenes. the cdnas encoding amorpha-4,11-diene synthase (ads), a key enzyme in the artemisinin biosynthesis, and epi-cedrol synthase (ecs), a complex sesquiterpene cyclization synthase, were cloned into cowpea mosaic virus-based viral vector (peaq-ht) with kozak consensus motif and c-terminal histidine tag. the plasmids were transformed into agrobacterium lba44 ... | 2012 | 22565787 |
| dna barcoding simplifies environmental risk assessment of genetically modified crops in biodiverse regions. | transgenes encoding for insecticidal crystal (cry) proteins from the soil-dwelling bacterium bacillus thuringiensis have been widely introduced into genetically modified (gm) crops to confer protection against insect pests. concern that these transgenes may also harm beneficial or otherwise valued insects (so-called non target organisms, ntos) represents a major element of the environmental risk assessments (eras) used by all countries prior to commercial release. compiling a comprehensive list ... | 2012 | 22567120 |
| cyclic-β-glucans of rhizobium (sinorhizobium) sp. strain ngr234 are required for hypo-osmotic adaptation, motility, and efficient symbiosis with host plants. | cyclic-β-glucans (cβg) consist of cyclic homo-polymers of glucose that are present in the periplasmic space of many gram-negative bacteria. a number of studies have demonstrated their importance for bacterial infection of plant and animal cells. in this study, a mutant of rhizobium (sinorhizobium) sp. strain ngr234 (ngr234) was generated in the cyclic glucan synthase (ndvb)-encoding gene. the great majority of cβg produced by wild-type ngr234 are negatively charged and substituted. the ndvb muta ... | 2012 | 22583376 |
| guiding plant virus particles to integrin-displaying cells. | viral nanoparticles (vnps) are structurally regular, highly stable, tunable nanomaterials that can be conveniently produced in high yields. unmodified vnps from plants and bacteria generally do not show tissue specificity or high selectivity in binding to or entry into mammalian cells. they are, however, malleable by both genetic and chemical means, making them useful scaffolds for the display of large numbers of cell- and tissue-targeting ligands, imaging moieties, and/or therapeutic agents in ... | 2012 | 22585108 |
| in situ identification of plant-invasive bacteria with maldi-tof mass spectrometry. | rhizobia form a disparate collection of soil bacteria capable of reducing atmospheric nitrogen in symbiosis with legumes. the study of rhizobial populations in nature involves the collection of large numbers of nodules found on roots or stems of legumes, and the subsequent typing of nodule bacteria. to avoid the time-consuming steps of isolating and cultivating nodule bacteria prior to genotyping, a protocol of strain identification based on the comparison of maldi-tof ms spectra was established ... | 2012 | 22615938 |
| the type iii secretion system is necessary for the development of a pathogenic and endophytic interaction between herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans and poaceae. | herbaspirillum rubrisubalbicans was first identified as a bacterial plant pathogen, causing the mottled stripe disease in sugarcane. h. rubrisubalbicans can also associate with various plants of economic interest in a non pathogenic manner. | 2012 | 22672506 |
| leaf morphology in cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l.) walp]: qtl analysis, physical mapping and identifying a candidate gene using synteny with model legume species. | cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l.) walp] exhibits a considerable variation in leaf shape. although cowpea is mostly utilized as a dry grain and animal fodder crop, cowpea leaves are also used as a high-protein pot herb in many countries of africa. | 2012 | 22691139 |
| large-scale development of cost-effective snp marker assays for diversity assessment and genetic mapping in chickpea and comparative mapping in legumes. | a set of 2486 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) were compiled in chickpea using four approaches, namely (i) solexa/illumina sequencing (1409), (ii) amplicon sequencing of tentative orthologous genes (togs) (604), (iii) mining of expressed sequence tags (ests) (286) and (iv) sequencing of candidate genes (187). conversion of these snps to the cost-effective and flexible throughput competitive allele specific pcr (kaspar) assays generated successful assays for 2005 snps. these marker assays h ... | 2012 | 22703242 |
| comparative transmission of two cucumber mosaic virus isolates by two color morphs of acyrthosiphon pisum (harris). | cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) is one of the most important legume-infecting viruses, which is transmitted effectively by pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum (harris) (hem: aphididae). transmission efficiency of two cmv isolates (as and kh from cowpea and bean hosts, resp.) by red and green color morphs of pea aphid were evaluated on bean plants. triple-antibody sandwich elisa (tas-elisa) using cmv-specific monoclonal antibodies revealed that both cmv isolates belonged to the serotype ii. bean plants ino ... | 2012 | 22720705 |
| increased tumor homing and tissue penetration of the filamentous plant viral nanoparticle potato virus x. | nanomaterials with elongated architectures have been shown to possess differential tumor homing properties compared to their spherical counterparts. here, we investigate whether this phenomenon is mirrored by plant viral nanoparticles that are filamentous (potato virus x) or spherical (cowpea mosaic virus). our studies demonstrate that potato virus x (pvx) and cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv) show distinct biodistribution profiles and differ in their tumor homing and penetration efficiency. analogous ... | 2013 | 22731633 |
| use of ex vitro composite plants to study the interaction of cowpea (vigna unguiculata l.) with the root parasitic angiosperm striga gesnerioides. | cowpea (vigna unguiculata l.) is an important grain and forage legume grown throughout sub-saharan africa primarily by subsistence farmers on poor, drought prone soils. genetic improvement of the crop is being actively pursued and numerous functional genomics studies are underway aimed at characterizing gene controlling key agronomic characteristics for disease and pest resistances. unfortunately, similar to other legumes, efficient plant transformation technology is a rate-limiting step in anal ... | 2012 | 22741546 |