Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) as a reverse genetic tool to study development of symbiotic root nodules. | virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) can provide a shortcut to plants with altered expression of specific genes. here, we report that vigs of the nodule inception gene (nin) can alter the nodulation phenotype and nin gene expression in pisum sativum. psnin was chosen as target because of the distinct non-nodulating phenotype of nin mutants in p. sativum, lotus japonicus, and medicago truncatula. the vector based on pea early browning virus (pebv) was engineered to carry one of three nonoverlappin ... | 2008 | 18624636 |
| the rpg gene of medicago truncatula controls rhizobium-directed polar growth during infection. | rhizobia can infect roots of host legume plants and induce new organs called nodules, in which they fix atmospheric nitrogen. infection generally starts with root hair curling, then proceeds inside newly formed, intracellular tubular structures called infection threads. a successful symbiotic interaction relies on infection threads advancing rapidly at their tips by polar growth through successive cell layers of the root toward developing nodule primordia. to identify a plant component that cont ... | 2008 | 18621693 |
| functional analysis of ljsut4, a vacuolar sucrose transporter from lotus japonicus. | sucrose transporters in the sut family are important for phloem loading and sucrose uptake into sink tissues. the recent localization of type iii suts atsut4 and hvsut2 to the vacuole membrane suggests that suts also function in vacuolar sucrose transport. the transport mechanism of type iii suts has not been analyzed in detail. ljsut4, a type iii sucrose transporter homolog from lotus japonicus, is expressed in nodules and its transport activity has not been previously investigated. in this rep ... | 2008 | 18618272 |
| evidence for the involvement in nodulation of the two small putative regulatory peptide-encoding genes mtralfl1 and mtdvl1. | nod factors are key bacterial signaling molecules regulating the symbiotic interaction between bacteria known as rhizobia and leguminous plants. studying plant host genes whose expression is affected by nod factors has given insights into early symbiotic signaling and development. here, we used a double supernodulating mutant line that shows increased sensitivity to nod factors to study the nod factor-regulated transcriptome. using microarrays containing more than 16,000 70-mer oligonucleotide p ... | 2008 | 18616408 |
| a novel type of thioredoxin dedicated to symbiosis in legumes. | thioredoxins (trxs) constitute a family of small proteins in plants. this family has been extensively characterized in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), which contains six different trx types: f, m, x, and y in chloroplasts, o in mitochondria, and h mainly in cytosol. a detailed study of this family in the model legume medicago truncatula, realized here, has established the existence of two isoforms that do not belong to any of the types previously described. as no possible orthologs were furt ... | 2008 | 18614707 |
| a community resource for high-throughput quantitative rt-pcr analysis of transcription factor gene expression in medicago truncatula. | medicago truncatula is a model legume species that is currently the focus of an international genome sequencing effort. although several different oligonucleotide and cdna arrays have been produced for genome-wide transcript analysis of this species, intrinsic limitations in the sensitivity of hybridization-based technologies mean that transcripts of genes expressed at low-levels cannot be measured accurately with these tools. amongst such genes are many encoding transcription factors (tfs), whi ... | 2008 | 18611268 |
| seven in absentia proteins affect plant growth and nodulation in medicago truncatula. | protein ubiquitination is a posttranslational regulatory process essential for plant growth and interaction with the environment. e3 ligases, to which the seven in absentia (sina) proteins belong, determine the specificity by selecting the target proteins for ubiquitination. sina proteins are found in animals as well as in plants, and a small gene family with highly related members has been identified in the genome of rice (oryza sativa), arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), medicago truncatula, ... | 2008 | 18599652 |
| closely related members of the medicago truncatula pht1 phosphate transporter gene family encode phosphate transporters with distinct biochemical activities. | phosphorus is one of the essential mineral nutrients required by all living cells. plants assimilate phosphate (pi) from the soil, and their root systems encounter tremendous variation in pi concentration, both temporally and spatially. genome sequence data indicate that plant genomes contain large numbers of genes predicted to encode pi transporters, the functions of which are largely unexplored. here we present a comparative analysis of four very closely related pi transporters of the pht1 fam ... | 2008 | 18596039 |
| regioselective synthesis of plant (iso)flavone glycosides in escherichia coli. | the flavonoids genistein, biochanin a, luteolin, quercetin, and kaempferol are plant natural products with potentially useful pharmacological and nutraceutical activities. these natural products usually exist in plants as glycosides, and their glycosylation has a remarkable influence on their pharmacokinetic properties. the glycosyltransferases ugt71g1 and ugt73c8 from medicago truncatula are excellent reagents for the regioselective glycosylation of (iso)flavonoids in escherichia coli grown in ... | 2008 | 18568307 |
| a positive regulatory role for ljerf1 in the nodulation process is revealed by systematic analysis of nodule-associated transcription factors of lotus japonicus. | we have used reverse genetics to identify genes involved in legume-rhizobium symbiosis in lotus japonicus. we obtained the sequences of 20 putative transcription factors from previously reported large-scale transcriptome data. the transcription factors were classified according to their dna binding domains and patterns of expression during the nodulation process. we identified two homologues of medicago truncatula mthap2-1, which encodes a ccaat-binding protein and has been shown to play a role ... | 2008 | 18567832 |
| gene expression profiling of m. truncatula transcription factors identifies putative regulators of grain legume seed filling. | legume seeds represent a major source of proteins for human and livestock diets. the model legume medicago truncatula is characterized by a process of seed development very similar to that of other legumes, involving the interplay of sets of transcription factors (tfs). here, we report the first expression profiling of over 700 m. truncatula genes encoding putative tfs throughout seven stages of seed development, obtained using real-time quantitative rt-pcr. a total of 169 tfs were selected whic ... | 2008 | 18528765 |
| trans-regulation of the expression of the transcription factor mthap2-1 by a uorf controls root nodule development. | mthap2-1 is a ccaat-binding transcription factor from the model legume medicago truncatula. we previously showed that mthap2-1 expression is regulated both spatially and temporally by microrna169. here we present a novel regulatory mechanism controlling mthap2-1 expression. alternative splicing of an intron in the mthap2-1 5'leader sequence (ls) becomes predominant during the development of root nodules, leading to the production of a small peptide, uorf1p. our results indicate that binding of u ... | 2008 | 18519645 |
| prepenetration apparatus assembly precedes and predicts the colonization patterns of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi within the root cortex of both medicago truncatula and daucus carota. | arbuscular mycorrhizas (am) are widespread, ancient endosymbiotic associations that contribute significantly to soil nutrient uptake in plants. we have previously shown that initial fungal penetration of the host root is mediated via a specialized cytoplasmic assembly called the prepenetration apparatus (ppa), which directs am hyphae through the epidermis (genre et al., 2005). in vivo confocal microscopy studies performed on medicago truncatula and daucus carota, host plants with different patte ... | 2008 | 18515499 |
| microdiversity of burkholderiales associated with mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal roots of medicago truncatula. | the genetic diversity of bacterial communities associated with mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal roots of medicago truncatula was characterized by two approaches. firstly, phylogenetic analysis was performed on 164 partial 16s rrna gene-intergenic spacer (igs) sequences from operational taxonomic units previously shown to be preferentially associated with mycorrhizal roots. these sequences were distributed into three branches corresponding to comamonadaceae, oxalobacteraceae and rubrivivax subgroup ... | 2008 | 18507681 |
| analysis of genome organization, composition and microsynteny using 500 kb bac sequences in chickpea. | the small genome size (740 mb), short life cycle (3 months) and high economic importance as a food crop legume make chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) an important system for genomics research. although several genetic linkage maps using various markers and genomic tools have become available, sequencing efforts and their use are limited in chickpea genomic research. in this study, we explored the genome organization of chickpea by sequencing approximately 500 kb from 11 bac clones (three representin ... | 2008 | 18504542 |
| virus-induced gene silencing in medicago truncatula and lathyrus odorata. | virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) has become an important reverse genetics tool for functional genomics. vigs vectors based on pea early browning virus (pebv, genus tobravirus) and bean pod mottle virus (genus comovirus) are available for the legume species pisum sativum and glycine max, respectively. with the aim of extending the application of the pebv vigs vector to other legumes, we examined susceptibility of 99 accessions representing 24 legume species including 21 accessions of medicago ... | 2008 | 18495283 |
| substitution of the gene for chloroplast rps16 was assisted by generation of a dual targeting signal. | organelle (mitochondria and chloroplasts in plants) genomes lost a large number of genes after endosymbiosis occurred. even after this major gene loss, organelle genomes still lose their own genes, even those that are essential, via gene transfer to the nucleus and gene substitution of either different organelle origin or de novo genes. gene transfer and substitution events are important processes in the evolution of the eukaryotic cell. gene loss is an ongoing process in the mitochondria and ch ... | 2008 | 18453549 |
| high levels of stable phytase accumulate in the culture medium of transgenic medicago truncatula cell suspension cultures. | the use of plants for production of recombinant proteins is becoming widely accepted. more recently, plant cell cultures have been proposed as valuable systems for producing a wide range of biologically active proteins. such systems provide certain advantages over whole plants, but yields are still considered a limitation. in this study we established a medicago truncatula cell suspension line expressing phytase from aspergillus niger. phytase is an n-glycosylated enzyme that breaks down indiges ... | 2008 | 18446871 |
| characterization and comparison of intron structure and alternative splicing between medicago truncatula, populus trichocarpa, arabidopsis and rice. | alignment of transcripts and genome sequences yielded a set of alternatively spliced transcripts in four angiosperm genomes: three dicotyledon species medicago truncatula (medicago), populus trichocarpa (poplar) and arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis), and the monocotyledon oryzae sativa (rice). intron retention was the predominant mode of alternative splicing (as) in each species, consistent with previous reports for arabidopsis and rice. we analyzed the structure of 5'-splice junctions and obse ... | 2008 | 18438730 |
| the medicago truncatula ortholog of arabidopsis ein2, sickle, is a negative regulator of symbiotic and pathogenic microbial associations. | summary: the plant hormone ethylene negatively regulates bacterial infection and nodule formation in legumes in response to symbiotic rhizobia, but the molecular mechanism(s) of ethylene action in symbiosis remain obscure. we have identified and characterized multiple mutant alleles of the mtskl1 gene, which controls both ethylene sensitivity and nodule numbers. we show that this locus encodes the medicago truncatula ortholog of the arabidopsis ethylene signaling protein ein2. in addition to the ... | 2008 | 18435823 |
| metabolic and genetic perturbations accompany the modification of galactomannan in seeds of medicago truncatula expressing mannan synthase from guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba l.). | galactomannan gums are widely used in the food and oil industries, and there is considerable interest in applying biotechnological approaches to improve their physical properties. a mannan synthase from guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) was expressed under the control of a bean beta-phaseolin promoter in transgenic medicago truncatula. although the expression of exogenous mannan synthase caused a slight decrease in galactomannan levels in medicago, the molecular weight and viscosity of the polymer ... | 2008 | 18433421 |
| the model legume medicago truncatula a17 is poorly matched for n2 fixation with the sequenced microsymbiont sinorhizobium meliloti 1021. | medicago truncatula (barrel medic) a17 is currently being sequenced as a model legume, complementing the sequenced root nodule bacterial strain sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 (sm1021). in this study, the effectiveness of the sm1021-m. truncatula symbiosis at fixing n(2) was evaluated. n(2) fixation effectiveness was examined with eight medicago species and three accessions of m. truncatula with sm1021 and two other sinorhizobium strains. plant shoot dry weights, plant nitrogen content and nodule di ... | 2008 | 18422896 |
| nucleocytoplasmic-localized acyltransferases catalyze the malonylation of 7-o-glycosidic (iso)flavones in medicago truncatula. | (iso)flavonoids are commonly accumulated as malonylated or acetylated glycoconjugates in legumes. sequence analysis on est database of the model legume medicago truncatula enabled us to identify nine cdna sequences encoding bahd super-family enzymes that are distinct from the most of the characterized anthocyanin/flavonol acyltransferase genes in other species. functional characterization revealed that three of these corresponding enzymes, mtmat1, 2 and 3, specifically recognize malonyl coa as a ... | 2008 | 18419782 |
| a gene expression atlas of the model legume medicago truncatula. | legumes played central roles in the development of agriculture and civilization, and today account for approximately one-third of the world's primary crop production. unfortunately, most cultivated legumes are poor model systems for genomic research. therefore, medicago truncatula, which has a relatively small diploid genome, has been adopted as a model species for legume genomics. to enhance its value as a model, we have generated a gene expression atlas that provides a global view of gene expr ... | 2008 | 18410479 |
| low-coverage massively parallel pyrosequencing of cdnas enables proteomics in non-model species: comparison of a species-specific database generated by pyrosequencing with databases from related species for proteome analysis of pea chloroplast envelopes. | proteomics is a valuable tool for establishing and comparing the protein content of defined tissues, cell types, or subcellular structures. its use in non-model species is currently limited because the identification of peptides critically depends on sequence databases. in this study, we explored the potential of a preliminary cdna database for the non-model species pisum sativum created by a small number of massively parallel pyrosequencing (mpss) runs for its use in proteomics and compared it ... | 2008 | 18394738 |
| api, a novel medicago truncatula symbiotic mutant impaired in nodule primordium invasion. | genetic approaches have proved to be extremely useful in dissecting the complex nitrogen-fixing rhizobium-legume endosymbiotic association. here we describe a novel medicago truncatula mutant called api, whose primary phenotype is the blockage of rhizobial infection just prior to nodule primordium invasion, leading to the formation of large infection pockets within the cortex of noninvaded root outgrowths. the mutant api originally was identified as a double symbiotic mutant associated with a ne ... | 2008 | 18393613 |
| two alternative recessive quantitative trait loci influence resistance to spring black stem and leaf spot in medicago truncatula. | knowledge of the genetic basis of plant resistance to necrotrophic pathogens is incomplete and has been characterised in relatively few pathosystems. in this study, the cytology and genetics of resistance to spring black stem and leaf spot caused by phoma medicaginis, an economically important necrotrophic pathogen of medicago spp., was examined in the model legume m. truncatula. | 2008 | 18366746 |
| transcriptional analysis of highly syntenic regions between medicago truncatula and glycine max using tiling microarrays. | legumes are the third largest family of flowering plants and are unique among crop species in their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. as a result of recent genome sequencing efforts, legumes are now one of a few plant families with extensive genomic and transcriptomic data available in multiple species. the unprecedented complexity and impending completeness of these data create opportunities for new approaches to discovery. | 2008 | 18348734 |
| evidence for communality in the primary determinants of cyp74 catalysis and of structural similarities between cyp74 and classical mammalian p450 enzymes. | in silico structural analysis of cyp74c3, a membrane-associated p450 enzyme from the plant medicago truncatula (barrel medic) with hydroperoxide lyase (hpl) specificity, showed that it had strong similarities to the structural folds of the classical microsomal p450 enzyme from rabbits (cyp2c5). it was not only the secondary structure predictions that supported the analysis but site directed mutagenesis of the substrate interacting residues was also consistent with it. this led us to develop a su ... | 2008 | 18338380 |
| sub-lethal levels of electric current elicit the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites. | many secondary metabolites that are normally undetectable or in low amounts in healthy plant tissue are synthesized in high amounts in response to microbial infection. various abiotic and biotic agents have been shown to mimic microorganisms and act as elicitors of the synthesis of these plant compounds. in the present study, sub-lethal levels of electric current are shown to elicit the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in transgenic and non-transgenic plant tissue. the production of the phy ... | 2015 | 18331050 |
| the possible role of an [fefe]-hydrogenase-like protein in the plant responses to changing atmospheric oxygen levels. | the knockdown of a [fefe]-hydrogenase-like gene in the model plants medicago truncatula and arabidopsis thaliana resulted in a mutant with a dwarf phenotype. surprisingly, the phenotype is undistinguishable from wild type under hypoxic conditions. the heterologous expression of the plant gene in escherichia coli indicates that the resulting protein probably coordinates two [fe-s] clusters with different magnetic properties. sequence alignment analysis indicates that these two clusters would be t ... | 2008 | 18329103 |
| transcription of enod8 in medicago truncatula nodules directs enod8 esterase to developing and mature symbiosomes. | in medicago truncatula nodules, the soil bacterium sinorhizobium meliloti reduces atmospheric dinitrogen into nitrogenous compounds that the legume uses for its own growth. in nitrogen-fixing nodules, each infected cell contains symbiosomes, which include the rhizobial cell, the symbiosome membrane surrounding it, and the matrix between the bacterium and the symbiosome membrane, termed the symbiosome space. here, we describe the localization of enod8, a nodule-specific esterase. the onset of eno ... | 2008 | 18321186 |
| fractionation of synteny in a genomic region containing tandemly duplicated genes across glycine max, medicago truncatula, and arabidopsis thaliana. | extended comparison of gene sequences found on homeologous soybean bacterial artificial chromosomes to medicago truncatula and arabidopsis thaliana genomic sequences demonstrated a network of synteny within conserved regions interrupted by gene addition and/or deletions. consolidation of gene order among all 3 species provides a picture of ancestral gene order. the observation supports a genome history of fractionation resulting from gene loss/addition and rearrangement. in all 3 species, cluste ... | 2008 | 18316321 |
| construction of genetic linkage map of the medicinal and ornamental plant catharanthus roseus. | an integrated genetic linkage map of the medicinal and ornamental plant catharanthus roseus, based on different types of molecular and morphological markers was constructed, using a f(2) population of 144 plants. the map defines 14 linkage groups (lgs) and consists of 131 marker loci, including 125 molecular dna markers (76 rapd, 3 rapd combinations; 7 issr; 2 est-ssr from medicago truncatula and 37 other pcr based dna markers), selected from a total of 472 primers or primer pairs, and six morph ... | 2007 | 18305345 |
| transcriptional profiling of medicago truncatula meristematic root cells. | the root apical meristem of crop and model legume medicago truncatula is a significantly different stem cell system to that of the widely studied model plant species arabidopsis thaliana. in this study we used the affymetrix medicago genechip(r) to compare the transcriptomes of meristem and non-meristematic root to identify root meristem specific candidate genes. | 2008 | 18302802 |
| recent advances in medicago truncatula genomics. | legume rotation has allowed a consistent increase in crop yield and consequently in human population since the antiquity. legumes will also be instrumental in our ability to maintain the sustainability of our agriculture while facing the challenges of increasing food and biofuel demand. medicago truncatula and lotus japonicus have emerged during the last decade as two major model systems for legume biology. initially developed to dissect plant-microbe symbiotic interactions and especially legume ... | 2008 | 18288239 |
| leveraging model legume information to find candidate genes for soybean sudden death syndrome using the legume information system. | comparative genomics is an emerging and powerful approach to achieve crop improvement. using comparative genomics, information from model plant species can accelerate the discovery of genes responsible for disease and pest resistance, tolerance to plant stresses such as drought, and enhanced nutritional value including production of anti-oxidants and anti-cancer compounds. we demonstrate here how to use the legume information system for a comparative genomics study, leveraging genomic informatio ... | 2007 | 18287696 |
| systemic signaling of the plant nitrogen status triggers specific transcriptome responses depending on the nitrogen source in medicago truncatula. | legumes can acquire nitrogen (n) from no(3)(-), nh(4)(+), and n(2) (through symbiosis with rhizobium bacteria); however, the mechanisms by which uptake and assimilation of these n forms are coordinately regulated to match the n demand of the plant are currently unknown. here, we find by use of the split-root approach in medicago truncatula plants that no(3)(-) uptake, nh(4)(+) uptake, and n(2) fixation are under general control by systemic signaling of plant n status. indeed, irrespective of the ... | 2008 | 18287487 |
| control of compound leaf development by floricaula/leafy ortholog single leaflet1 in medicago truncatula. | molecular genetic studies suggest that floricaula (flo)/leafy (lfy) orthologs function to control compound leaf development in some legume species. however, loss-of-function mutations in the flo/lfy orthologs result in reduction of leaf complexity to different degrees in pisum sativum and lotus japonicus. to further understand the role of flo/lfy orthologs in compound leaf development in legumes, we studied compound leaf developmental processes and characterized a leaf development mutant, single ... | 2008 | 18287485 |
| peanut gene expression profiling in developing seeds at different reproduction stages during aspergillus parasiticus infection. | peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) is an important crop economically and nutritionally, and is one of the most susceptible host crops to colonization of aspergillus parasiticus and subsequent aflatoxin contamination. knowledge from molecular genetic studies could help to devise strategies in alleviating this problem; however, few peanut dna sequences are available in the public database. in order to understand the molecular basis of host resistance to aflatoxin contamination, a large-scale project was ... | 2008 | 18248674 |
| the transcription factor mtserf1 of the erf subfamily identified by transcriptional profiling is required for somatic embryogenesis induced by auxin plus cytokinin in medicago truncatula. | transcriptional profiling of embryogenic callus produced from medicago truncatula mesophyll protoplasts indicated up-regulation of ethylene biosynthesis and ethylene response genes. using inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis and perception, it was shown that ethylene was necessary for somatic embryogenesis (se) in this model legume. we chose several genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and response for subsequent molecular analyses. one of these genes is a gene encoding a transcription factor ... | 2008 | 18235037 |
| comparative genomic sequence and expression analyses of medicago truncatula and alfalfa subspecies falcata cold-acclimation-specific genes. | in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) the low-temperature induction of genes encoding the c-repeat binding factor (cbf) transcriptional activators is a key step in cold acclimation. cbfs in turn activate a battery of downstream genes known as the cbf regulon, which collectively act to increase tolerance to low temperatures. fundamental questions are: what determines the size and scope of the cbf regulon, and is this is a major determinant of the low-temperature tolerance capacity of individual p ... | 2008 | 18218976 |
| large-scale insertional mutagenesis using the tnt1 retrotransposon in the model legume medicago truncatula. | medicago truncatula is a fast-emerging model for the study of legume functional biology. we used the tobacco retrotransposon tnt1 to tag the medicago genome and generated over 7600 independent lines representing an estimated 190,000 insertion events. tnt1 inserted on average at 25 different locations per genome during tissue culture, and insertions were stable during subsequent generations in soil. analysis of 2461 tnt1 flanking sequence tags (fsts) revealed that tnt1 appears to prefer gene-rich ... | 2008 | 18208518 |
| differential response of the plant medicago truncatula to its symbiont sinorhizobium meliloti or an exopolysaccharide-deficient mutant. | sinorhizobium meliloti forms symbiotic, nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of medicago truncatula. the bacteria invade and colonize the roots through structures called infection threads. s. meliloti unable to produce the exopolysaccharide succinoglycan are unable to establish a symbiosis because they are defective in initiating the production of infection threads and in invading the plant. here, we use microarrays representing 16,000 m. truncatula genes to compare the differential transcriptio ... | 2008 | 18184805 |
| characterization of pea aphid resistance in medicago truncatula. | to achieve a thorough understanding of plant-aphid interactions, it is necessary to investigate in detail both the plant and insect side of the interaction. the pea aphid (pa; acyrthosiphon pisum) has been selected by an international consortium as the model species for genetics and genomics studies, and the model legume medicago truncatula is a host of this aphid. in this study, we identified resistance to pa in a m. truncatula line, 'jester', with well-characterized resistance to a closely rel ... | 2008 | 18184733 |
| bioinformatic analysis of the cle signaling peptide family. | plants encode a large number of leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases. legumes encode several lrr-rlk linked to the process of root nodule formation, the ligands of which are unknown. to identify ligands for these receptors, we used a combination of profile hidden markov models and position-specific iterative blast, allowing us to detect new members of the clv3/esr (cle) protein family from publicly available sequence databases. | 2008 | 18171480 |
| 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase 1 interacts with nork and is crucial for nodulation in medicago truncatula. | nork in legumes encodes a receptor-like kinase that is required for nod factor signaling and root nodule development. using medicago truncatula nork as bait in a yeast two-hybrid assay, we identified 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coa reductase 1 (mt hmgr1) as a nork interacting partner. hmgr1 belongs to a multigene family in m. truncatula, and different hmgr isoforms are key enzymes in the mevalonate biosynthetic pathway leading to the production of a diverse array of isoprenoid compounds. testing ... | 2007 | 18156218 |
| heterologous expression of iap1, a seed protein from bean modified by indole-3-acetic acid, in arabidopsis thaliana and medicago truncatula. | the seed protein iap1 from bean (pviap1; phaseolus vulgaris l.) that is modified by the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) was heterologously expressed in the two reference plant species arabidopsis thaliana and medicago truncatula. for the transformation of medicago we devised a novel protocol using seedling infiltration. when pviap1 was overexpressed under the control of the constitutive 35scamv promoter in arabidopsis, the plants showed signs of earlier bolting and enhanced branching. ex ... | 2008 | 18097685 |
| root exudates regulate soil fungal community composition and diversity. | plants are in constant contact with a community of soil biota that contains fungi ranging from pathogenic to symbiotic. a few studies have demonstrated a critical role of chemical communication in establishing highly specialized relationships, but the general role for root exudates in structuring the soil fungal community is poorly described. this study demonstrates that two model plant species (arabidopsis thaliana and medicago truncatula) are able to maintain resident soil fungal populations b ... | 2008 | 18083870 |
| planttribes: a gene and gene family resource for comparative genomics in plants. | the planttribes database (http://fgp.huck.psu.edu/tribe.html) is a plant gene family database based on the inferred proteomes of five sequenced plant species: arabidopsis thaliana, carica papaya, medicago truncatula, oryza sativa and populus trichocarpa. we used the graph-based clustering algorithm mcl [van dongen (technical report ins-r0010 2000) and enright et al. (nucleic acids res. 2002; 30: 1575-1584)] to classify all of these species' protein-coding genes into putative gene families, calle ... | 2008 | 18073194 |
| the model plant medicago truncatula exhibits biparental plastid inheritance. | the plastid, which originated from the endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium, contains its own plastid dna (ptdna) that exhibits a unique mode of inheritance. approximately 80% of angiosperms show maternal inheritance, whereas the remainder exhibit biparental inheritance of ptdna. here we studied ptdna inheritance in the model legume, medicago truncatula. cytological analysis of mature pollen with dna-specific fluorescent dyes suggested that m. truncatula is one of the few model plants potentially s ... | 2008 | 18065422 |
| metabolomics reveals novel pathways and differential mechanistic and elicitor-specific responses in phenylpropanoid and isoflavonoid biosynthesis in medicago truncatula cell cultures. | high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet photodiode array detection and ion-trap mass spectrometry was used to analyze the intra- and extracellular secondary product metabolome of medicago truncatula cell suspension cultures responding to yeast elicitor (ye) or methyl jasmonate (meja). data analysis revealed three phases of intracellular response to ye: a transient response in mainly (iso)flavonoid metabolites such as formononetin and biochanin-a that peaked at 12 to 18 h fo ... | 2008 | 18055588 |
| advances in development of transgenic pulse crops. | it is three decades since the first transgenic pulse crop has been developed. todate, genetic transformation has been reported in all the major pulse crops like vigna species, cicer arietinum, cajanus cajan, phaseolus spp, lupinus spp, vicia spp and pisum sativum, but transgenic pulse crops have not yet been commercially released. despite the crucial role played by pulse crops in tropical agriculture, transgenic pulse crops have not moved out from laboratories to large farm lands compared to the ... | 2008 | 18055156 |
| genetic dissection of resistance to anthracnose and powdery mildew in medicago truncatula. | medicago truncatula was used to characterize resistance to anthracnose and powdery mildew caused by colletotrichum trifolii and erysiphe pisi, respectively. two isolates of e. pisi (ep-p from pea and ep-a from alfalfa) and two races of c. trifolii (races 1 and 2) were used in this study. the a17 genotype was resistant and displayed a hypersensitive response after inoculation with either pathogen, while lines f83005.5 and dza315.16 were susceptible to anthracnose and powdery mildew, respectively. ... | 2008 | 18052883 |
| are there benefits of simultaneous root colonization by different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi? | arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (amf) communities were established in pots using fungal isolates from a single field in switzerland. it was tested whether multispecies mixtures provided more phosphorus and supported greater plant growth than single amf species. two host plants, medic (medicago truncatula) and leek (allium porrum), were inoculated with three amf species (glomus mosseae, g. claroideum and g. intraradices), either separately or in mixtures. the composition of the amf communities in t ... | 2008 | 18042204 |
| repetitive dna in the pea (pisum sativum l.) genome: comprehensive characterization using 454 sequencing and comparison to soybean and medicago truncatula. | extraordinary size variation of higher plant nuclear genomes is in large part caused by differences in accumulation of repetitive dna. this makes repetitive dna of great interest for studying the molecular mechanisms shaping architecture and function of complex plant genomes. however, due to methodological constraints of conventional cloning and sequencing, a global description of repeat composition is available for only a very limited number of higher plants. in order to provide further data re ... | 2007 | 18031571 |
| riboregulators in plant development. | npcrna (non-protein-coding rnas) are an emerging class of regulators, so-called riboregulators, and include a large diversity of small rnas [mirnas (micrornas)/sirnas (small interfering rnas)] that are involved in various developmental processes in plants and animals. in addition, several other npcrnas encompassing various transcript sizes (up to several kilobases) have been identified using different genomic approaches. much less is known about the mechanism of action of these other classes of ... | 2007 | 18031282 |
| subcellular localisation of medicago truncatula 9/13-hydroperoxide lyase reveals a new localisation pattern and activation mechanism for cyp74c enzymes. | hydroperoxide lyase (hpl) is a key enzyme in plant oxylipin metabolism that catalyses the cleavage of polyunsaturated fatty acid hydroperoxides produced by the action of lipoxygenase (lox) to volatile aldehydes and oxo acids. the synthesis of these volatile aldehydes is rapidly induced in plant tissues upon mechanical wounding and insect or pathogen attack. together with their direct defence role towards different pathogens, these compounds are believed to play an important role in signalling wi ... | 2007 | 17983471 |
| identification and characterization of nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat genes in the model plant medicago truncatula. | the nucleotide-binding site (nbs)-leucine-rich repeat (lrr) gene family accounts for the largest number of known disease resistance genes, and is one of the largest gene families in plant genomes. we have identified 333 nonredundant nbs-lrrs in the current medicago truncatula draft genome (mt1.0), likely representing 400 to 500 nbs-lrrs in the full genome, or roughly 3 times the number present in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana). although many characteristics of the gene family are similar to ... | 2008 | 17981990 |
| different mechanisms for phytoalexin induction by pathogen and wound signals in medicago truncatula. | cell suspensions of the model legume medicago truncatula accumulated the isoflavonoid phytoalexin medicarpin in response to yeast elicitor or methyl jasmonate (mj), accompanied by decreased levels of isoflavone glycosides in mj-treated cells. dna microarray analysis revealed rapid, massive induction of early (iso)flavonoid pathway gene transcripts in response to yeast elicitor, but not mj, and differential induction by the two elicitors of sets of genes encoding transcription factors, abc transp ... | 2007 | 17971436 |
| induction of a small heat shock protein and its functional roles in nicotiana plants in the defense response against ralstonia solanacearum. | in tobacco (nicotiana tabacum), ralstonia solanacearum oe1-1 (rsoe1-1) is pathogenic, whereas r. solanacearum 8107 (rs8107) is nonpathogenic and induces the hypersensitive response (hr). to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of plant-r. solanacearum interactions, we used differential display to isolate a cdna fragment, a6, regulated in tobacco by inoculation with rsoe1-1. the deduced amino acid sequence predicted from full-length a6-cdna showed similarity to small heat shock proteins from arabid ... | 2007 | 17965181 |
| fungal symbiosis in rice requires an ortholog of a legume common symbiosis gene encoding a ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. | in natural ecosystems, many plants are able to establish mutually beneficial symbioses with microorganisms. of critical importance to sustainable agriculture are the symbioses formed between more than 80% of terrestrial plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi and between legumes and nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria. interestingly, the two symbioses share overlapping signaling pathways in legumes, suggesting that the evolutionarily recent root nodule symbiosis may have acquired functions f ... | 2007 | 17965173 |
| differential expression of the tfiiia regulatory pathway in response to salt stress between medicago truncatula genotypes. | soil salinity is one of the most significant abiotic stresses for crop plants, including legumes. these plants can establish root symbioses with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria and are able to grow in nitrogen-poor soils. medicago truncatula varieties show diverse adaptive responses to environmental conditions, such as saline soils. we have compared the differential root growth of two genotypes of m. truncatula (108-r and jemalong a17) in response to salt stress. jemalong a17 is more tolerant to s ... | 2007 | 17951460 |
| antisense repression of the medicago truncatula nodule-enhanced sucrose synthase leads to a handicapped nitrogen fixation mirrored by specific alterations in the symbiotic transcriptome and metabolome. | we analyzed the role of the sucrose (suc) synthase mtsucs1 during nodulation of the model legume medicago truncatula, integrating data for the developmental, transcriptional, and metabolic processes affected downstream of an impaired suc cleavage in root nodules. to reduce carbohydrate supply to nodule tissues, transgenic plants expressing a p35s-driven mtsucs1-antisense fusion were constructed. these plants displayed an up to 90% reduction of mtsucs1 proteins in roots and nodules. phenotypic st ... | 2007 | 17951459 |
| tandem duplications of a degenerated gtp-binding domain at the origin of gtpase receptors toc159 and thylakoidal srp. | the evolutionary origin of some nuclear encoded proteins that translocate proteins across the chloroplast envelope remains unknown. therefore, sequences of gtpase proteins constituting the arabidopsis thaliana translocon at the outer membrane of chloroplast (attoc) complexes were analyzed by means of hca. in particular, attoc159 and related proteins (attoc132, attoc120, and attoc90) do not have proven homologues of prokaryotic or eukaryotic ancestry. we established that the three domains commonl ... | 2007 | 17950698 |
| influence of the poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (phb) granule-associated proteins (phap1 and phap2) on phb accumulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation in sinorhizobium meliloti rm1021. | sinorhizobium meliloti cells store excess carbon as intracellular poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (phb) granules that assist survival under fluctuating nutritional conditions. phb granule-associated proteins (phasins) are proposed to regulate phb synthesis and granule formation. although the enzymology and genetics of phb metabolism in s. meliloti have been well characterized, phasins have not yet been described for this organism. comparison of the protein profiles of the wild type and a phb synthesis mu ... | 2007 | 17921298 |
| chromosomal and symbiotic relationships of rhizobia nodulating medicago truncatula and m. laciniata. | multilocus sequence typing (mlst) is a sequence-based method used to characterize bacterial genomes. this method was used to examine the genetic structure of medicago-nodulating rhizobia at the amra site, which is located in an arid region of tunisia. here the annual medics medicago laciniata and m. truncatula are part of the natural flora. the goal of this study was to identify whether distinct chromosomal groups of rhizobia nodulate m. laciniata because of its restricted requirement for specif ... | 2007 | 17921275 |
| genetic and physical localization of an anthracnose resistance gene in medicago truncatula. | anthracnose of alfalfa, caused by the fungal pathogen colletotrichum trifolii, is one of the most destructive diseases of alfalfa worldwide. an improved understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying host resistance will facilitate the development of resistant alfalfa cultivars, thus providing the most efficient and environmentally sound strategy to control alfalfa diseases. unfortunately, cultivated alfalfa has an intractable genetic system because of its tetrasomic inheritanc ... | 2007 | 17891371 |
| early steps in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in the model legume medicago truncatula. | oligomeric proanthocyanidins (pas) composed primarily of epicatechin units accumulate in the seed coats of the model legume medicago truncatula, reaching maximal levels at around 20 d after pollination. genes encoding the single medicago anthocyanidin synthase (ans; ec 1.14.11.19) and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lar; ec 1.17.1.3) were cloned and the corresponding enzymes functionally identified. recombinant mtans converted leucocyanidin to cyanidin, and, more efficiently, dihydroquercetin to t ... | 2007 | 17885080 |
| genomic organization and evolutionary insights on grp and ncr genes, two large nodule-specific gene families in medicago truncatula. | deciphering the mechanisms leading to symbiotic nitrogen-fixing root nodule organogenesis in legumes resulted in the identification of numerous nodule-specific genes and gene families. among them, ncr and grp genes encode short secreted peptides with potential antimicrobial activity. these genes appear to form large multigenic families in medicago truncatula and other closely related legume species, whereas no similar genes were found in databases of lotus japonicus and glycine max. we analyzed ... | 2007 | 17849716 |
| nodulation studies in the model legume medicago truncatula: advantages of using the constitutive ef1alpha promoter and limitations in detecting fluorescent reporter proteins in nodule tissues. | the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter currently is being used in rnai-based approaches for attenuating host gene expression during legume root nodule development and also for the expression of fluorescent reporters in nodule tissues. in this study, we have evaluated the expression of this promoter in the indeterminate nodules of the model plant medicago truncatula. our results clearly show that the 35s promoter is inactive in both the nodule meristem and in bacteroid-containing cells of the ... | 2007 | 17849706 |
| ap2-erf transcription factors mediate nod factor dependent mt enod11 activation in root hairs via a novel cis-regulatory motif. | rhizobium nod factors (nfs) are specific lipochitooligosaccharides that activate host legume signaling pathways essential for initiating the nitrogen-fixing symbiotic association. this study describes the characterization of cis-regulatory elements and trans-interacting factors that regulate nf-dependent and epidermis-specific gene transcription in medicago truncatula. detailed analysis of the mt enod11 promoter using deletion, mutation, and gain-of-function constructs has led to the identificat ... | 2007 | 17827349 |
| strain-ecotype specificity in sinorhizobium meliloti-medicago truncatula symbiosis is correlated to succinoglycan oligosaccharide structure. | molecular signals, including nod factors and succinoglycan, are necessary for the establishment of nitrogen-fixing nodules (fix+) in medicago truncatula-sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis. this report shows that m. truncatula-s. meliloti interactions involve ecotype-strain specificity, as s. meliloti rm41 and nrg247 are fix+ (compatible) on m. truncatula a20 and fix- (incompatible) on m. truncatula a17, the fix phenotypes are reversed with s. meliloti nrg185 and nrg34, and there is a correlation b ... | 2007 | 17766412 |
| recovery of nicotiana benthamiana plants from a necrotic response induced by a nepovirus is associated with rna silencing but not with reduced virus titer. | recovery of plants from virus-induced symptoms is often described as a consequence of rna silencing, an antiviral defense mechanism. for example, recovery of nicotiana clevelandii from a nepovirus (tomato black ring virus) is associated with a decreased viral rna concentration and sequence-specific resistance to further virus infection. in this study, we have characterized the interaction of another nepovirus, tomato ringspot virus (torsv), with host defense responses during symptom induction an ... | 2007 | 17728227 |
| identification of a multigene family encoding putative beta-glucan-binding proteins in medicago truncatula. | branched 1,6-1,3-beta-glucans from phytophthora sojae cell walls represent pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps) that have been shown to mediate the activation of plant defence reactions in many legumes. in soybean, a receptor protein complex containing a high affinity beta-glucan-binding protein (gbp) was identified and investigated in detail. in the model legume medicago truncatula, used for functional genomic studies of various plant-microbe interactions, a high-affinity beta-glucan- ... | 2008 | 17728012 |
| growth and nitrogen fixation in lotus japonicus and medicago truncatula under nacl stress: nodule carbon metabolism. | lotus japonicus and medicago truncatula model legumes, which form determined and indeterminate nodules, respectively, provide a convenient system to study plant-rhizobium interaction and to establish differences between the two types of nodules under salt stress conditions. we examined the effects of 25 and 50mm nacl doses on growth and nitrogen fixation parameters, as well as carbohydrate content and carbon metabolism of m. truncatula and l. japonicus nodules. the leghemoglobin (lb) content and ... | 2008 | 17728011 |
| a novel nuclear protein interacts with the symbiotic dmi3 calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase of medicago truncatula. | many higher plants establish symbiotic relationships with arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi that improve their ability to acquire nutrients from the soil. in addition to establishing am symbiosis, legumes also enter into a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with bacteria known as rhizobia that results in the formation of root nodules. several genes involved in the perception and transduction of bacterial symbiotic signals named "nod factors" have been cloned recently in model legumes through forward gene ... | 2007 | 17722695 |
| computer-vision analysis of seedling responses to light and gravity. | measuring the effects of mutation, natural variation or treatment on the development of plant form is often complicated by the shapes, dynamics or small size of the organismal structures under study. this limits accuracy and throughput of measurement and thereby limits progress toward understanding the underlying gene networks and signaling systems. a computer-vision platform based on electronic image capture and shape-analysis algorithms was developed as an alternative to the mostly manual meth ... | 2007 | 17711415 |
| genetic variation and pathogenicity of anastomosis group 2 isolates of rhizoctonia solani in australia. | a collection of isolates of rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group (ag) 2 was examined for genetic diversity and pathogenicity. anastomosis reactions classified the majority of isolates into the known subgroups of ag 2-1 and ag 2-2 but the classification of several isolates was ambiguous. morphological characters were consistent with the species, with no discriminating characters existing between subgroups. vertical page of pectic enzymes enabled the separation of zymogram group (zg) 5 and 6 withi ... | 2007 | 17707626 |
| medicago truncatula as a model for nonhost resistance in legume-parasitic plant interactions. | crenate broomrape (orobanche crenata) is a root parasitic weed that represents a major constraint for grain legume production in mediterranean and west asian countries. medicago truncatula has emerged as an important model plant species for structural and functional genomics. the close phylogenic relationship of m. truncatula with crop legumes increases its value as a resource for understanding resistance against orobanche spp. different cytological methods were used to study the mechanisms of r ... | 2007 | 17693539 |
| lysm domains mediate lipochitin-oligosaccharide recognition and nfr genes extend the symbiotic host range. | legume-rhizobium symbiosis is an example of selective cell recognition controlled by host/non-host determinants. individual bacterial strains have a distinct host range enabling nodulation of a limited set of legume species and vice versa. we show here that expression of lotus japonicus nfr1 and nfr5 nod-factor receptor genes in medicago truncatula and l. filicaulis, extends their host range to include bacterial strains, mesorhizobium loti or dzl, normally infecting l. japonicus. as a result, th ... | 2007 | 17690687 |
| structure of two melon regions reveals high microsynteny with sequenced plant species. | in this study, two melon bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clones have been sequenced and annotated. bac 1-21-10 spans 92 kb and contains the nsv locus conferring resistance to the melon necrotic spot virus (mnsv) in melon linkage group 11. bac 13j4 spans 98 kb and belongs to a bac contig containing resistance gene homologues, extending a previous sequenced region of 117 kb in linkage group 4. both regions have microsyntenic relationships to the model plant species arabidopsis thaliana, and ... | 2007 | 17665215 |
| how rhizobial symbionts invade plants: the sinorhizobium-medicago model. | nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria and leguminous plants have evolved complex signal exchange mechanisms that allow a specific bacterial species to induce its host plant to form invasion structures through which the bacteria can enter the plant root. once the bacteria have been endocytosed within a host-membrane-bound compartment by root cells, the bacteria differentiate into a new form that can convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. bacterial differentiation and nitrogen fixation are depend ... | 2007 | 17632573 |
| the medicago truncatula dmi1 protein modulates cytosolic calcium signaling. | in addition to establishing symbiotic relationships with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, legumes also enter into a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with rhizobial bacteria that results in the formation of root nodules. several genes involved in the development of both arbuscular mycorrhiza and legume nodulation have been cloned in model legumes. among them, medicago truncatula dmi1 (doesn't make infections1) is required for the generation of nucleus-associated calcium spikes in response to the rhizobial ... | 2007 | 17631529 |
| molecular cloning of a bifunctional beta-xylosidase/alpha-l-arabinosidase from alfalfa roots: heterologous expression in medicago truncatula and substrate specificity of the purified enzyme. | glycoside hydrolases are often members of a multigene family, suggesting individual roles for each isoenzyme. various extracellular glycoside hydrolases have an important but poorly understood function in remodelling the cell wall during plant growth. here, msxyl1, a concanavalin a-binding protein from alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 3 (beta-d-xylosidase branch) is characterized. transcripts of msxyl1 were detected in roots (particularly root tips), root ... | 2007 | 17615411 |
| effects of aiia-mediated quorum quenching in sinorhizobium meliloti on quorum-sensing signals, proteome patterns, and symbiotic interactions. | many behaviors in bacteria, including behaviors important to pathogenic and symbiotic interactions with eukaryotic hosts, are regulated by a mechanism called quorum sensing (qs). a "quorum-quenching" approach was used here to identify qs-regulated behaviors in the n-fixing bacterial symbiont sinorhizobium meliloti. the aiia lactonase from bacillus produced in s. meliloti was shown to enzymatically inactivate s. meliloti's n-acyl homoserine lactone (ahl) qs signals, thereby disrupting normal qs r ... | 2007 | 17601171 |
| distinct, crucial roles of flavonoids during legume nodulation. | rna interference-mediated silencing of the key flavonoid and isoflavone biosynthesis enzyme, respectively, by two different research groups has provided direct genetic evidence for the essential roles that these compounds play in nodulation. anton wasson et al. have shown that flavonoids are essential for localized auxin transport inhibition during nodulation in the indeterminate legume medicago truncatula. by contrast, senthil subramanian et al. have shown that isoflavones are essential for end ... | 2007 | 17591456 |
| promex: a mass spectral reference database for proteins and protein phosphorylation sites. | in the last decade, techniques were established for the large scale genome-wide analysis of proteins, rna, and metabolites, and database solutions have been developed to manage the generated data sets. the golm metabolome database for metabolite data (gmd) represents one such effort to make these data broadly available and to interconnect the different molecular levels of a biological system 1. as data interpretation in the light of already existing data becomes increasingly important, these ini ... | 2007 | 17587460 |
| medicago lyk3, an entry receptor in rhizobial nodulation factor signaling. | rhizobia secrete nodulation (nod) factors, which set in motion the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules on legume host plants. nod factors induce several cellular responses in root hair cells within minutes, but also are essential for the formation of infection threads by which rhizobia enter the root. based on studies using bacterial mutants, a two-receptor model was proposed, a signaling receptor that induces early responses with low requirements toward nod factor structure and an entry r ... | 2007 | 17586690 |
| a udp-glucose:isoflavone 7-o-glucosyltransferase from the roots of soybean (glycine max) seedlings. purification, gene cloning, phylogenetics, and an implication for an alternative strategy of enzyme catalysis. | isoflavones, a class of flavonoids, play very important roles in plant-microbe interactions in certain legumes such as soybeans (glycine max l. merr.). g. max udp-glucose:isoflavone 7-o-glucosyltransferase (gmif7gt) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of isoflavone conjugates, which accumulate in large amounts in vacuoles and serve as an isoflavonoid pool that allows for interaction with microorganisms. in this study, the 14,000-fold purification of gmif7gt from the roots of g. max seedlings was ac ... | 2007 | 17565994 |
| crystal structure of medicago truncatula ugt85h2--insights into the structural basis of a multifunctional (iso)flavonoid glycosyltransferase. | (iso)flavonoids are a diverse group of plant secondary metabolites with important effects on plant, animal and human health. they exist in various glycosidic forms. glycosylation, which may determine their bioactivities and functions, is controlled by specific plant uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases (ugts). we describe a new multifunctional (iso)flavonoid glycosyltransferase, ugt85h2, from the model legume medicago truncatula with activity towards a number of phenylpropanoid-derived natur ... | 2007 | 17553523 |
| medicago truncatula root nodule proteome analysis reveals differential plant and bacteroid responses to drought stress. | drought is one of the environmental factors most affecting crop production. under drought, symbiotic nitrogen fixation is one of the physiological processes to first show stress responses in nodulated legumes. this inhibition process involves a number of factors whose interactions are not yet understood. this work aims to further understand changes occurring in nodules under drought stress from a proteomic perspective. drought was imposed on medicago truncatula 'jemalong a17' plants grown in sym ... | 2007 | 17545507 |
| context dependence in the coevolution of plant and rhizobial mutualists. | several mechanisms are expected to rapidly rid mutualisms of genetic variation in partner quality. variation for mutualist quality, however, appears to be widespread. we used a model legume-rhizobium mutualism to test for evidence that context-dependent selection may maintain variation in partner quality. in a greenhouse experiment using 10 natural populations of medicago truncatula and two strains of sinorhizobium medicae, we detected significant genotype x genotype (g x g) interactions for pla ... | 2007 | 17535796 |
| a database of simple sequence repeats from cereal and legume expressed sequence tags mined in silico: survey and evaluation. | simple sequence repeats (ssrs) or microsatellites are an important class of molecular markers for genome analysis and plant breeding applications. in this paper, the ssr distributions within ests from the legumes soybean (glycine max, representing 135.86 mb), medicago (medicago truncatula, 121.1 mb) and lotus (lotus japonicus, 45.4 mb) have been studied relative to the distributions in cereals such as sorghum (sorghum bicolor, 98.9 mb), rice (oryza sativa, 143.9 mb) and maize (zea mays, 183.7 mb ... | 2006 | 17518768 |
| increased calcium bioavailability in mice fed genetically engineered plants lacking calcium oxalate. | bioavailable calcium affects bone formation and calcification. here we investigate how a single gene mutation altering calcium partitioning in the model forage crop medicago truncatula affects calcium bioavailability. previously, the cod5 m. truncatula mutant was identified which contains identical calcium concentrations to wild-type, but contains no oxalate crystals. in this study, equal number of male and female mice were randomly grouped and then fed one of four 45ca-containing diets: m. trun ... | 2007 | 17514431 |
| ancordin, the major rhizome protein of madeira-vine, with trypsin inhibitory and stimulatory activities in nitric oxide productions. | anredera cordifolia (ten.) steenis, or the synonymous name of boussingaultia baselloides or boussingaultia gracilis var. pseudobaselloides, is a south american species of ornamental succulent vine, commonly known as the madeira-vine. the fresh leaves of madeira-vine are frequently used as vegetables. a. cordifolia is an evergreen climber that grows from fleshy rhizomes. the rhizome contained one major (23kda) protein band under non-reducing condition in the sds-page. the first 15 amino acids in ... | 2007 | 17499881 |
| comparison of rhizobia that nodulate medicago laciniata and medicago truncatula present in a single tunisian arid soil. | the rhizobia present in a single arid region tunisian soil that nodulate medicago laciniata and medicago truncatula were compared. all isolates, 40 from each host, were sinorhizobium meliloti based on 16s rrna polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) patterns and subsequent confirmation by sequence analysis of the 16s rrna genes in four representatives from each host species. there was no apparent relationship between medicago host species of isolation and th ... | 2007 | 17496977 |
| horizontal gene transfer and homologous recombination drive the evolution of the nitrogen-fixing symbionts of medicago species. | using nitrogen-fixing sinorhizobium species that interact with medicago plants as a model system, we aimed at clarifying how sex has shaped the diversity of bacteria associated with the genus medicago on the interspecific and intraspecific scales. to gain insights into the diversification of these symbionts, we inferred a topology that includes the different specificity groups which interact with medicago species, based on sequences of the nodulation gene cluster. furthermore, 126 bacterial isol ... | 2007 | 17496100 |
| tracembler--software for in-silico chromosome walking in unassembled genomes. | whole genome shotgun sequencing produces increasingly higher coverage of a genome with random sequence reads. progressive whole genome assembly and eventual finishing sequencing is a process that typically takes several years for large eukaryotic genomes. in the interim, all sequence reads of public sequencing projects are made available in repositories such as the ncbi trace archive. for a particular locus, sequencing coverage may be high enough early on to produce a reliable local genome assem ... | 2007 | 17490482 |
| transcriptome analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal roots during development of the prepenetration apparatus. | information on changes in the plant transcriptome during early interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi is still limited since infections are usually not synchronized and plant markers for early stages of colonization are not yet available. a prepenetration apparatus (ppa), organized in epidermal cells during appressorium development, has been reported to be responsible for assembling a trans-cellular tunnel to accommodate the invading fungus. here, we used ppas as markers for cell res ... | 2007 | 17468219 |