Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| identification of distinct quantitative trait loci associated with defence against the closely related aphids acyrthosiphon pisum and a. kondoi in medicago truncatula. | aphids are a major family of plant insect pests. medicago truncatula and acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid, pa) are model species with a suite of resources available to help dissect the mechanism underlying plant-aphid interactions. a previous study focused on monogenic and relatively strong resistance in m. truncatula to pa and other aphid species. in this study a moderate resistance to pa was characterized in detail in the m. truncatula line a17 and compared with the highly susceptible line a20 a ... | 2012 | 22442407 |
| texture of cellulose microfibrils of root hair cell walls of arabidopsis thaliana, medicago truncatula, and vicia sativa. | cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on earth, and has qualities that make it suitable for biofuel. there are new tools for the visualisation of the cellulose synthase complexes in living cells, but those do not show their product, the cellulose microfibrils (cmfs). in this study we report the characteristics of cell wall textures, i.e. the architectures of the cmfs in the wall, of root hairs of arabidopsis thaliana, medicago truncatula and vicia sativa and compare the different techniques ... | 2012 | 22458271 |
| aeschynomene evenia, a model plant for studying the molecular genetics of the nod-independent rhizobium-legume symbiosis. | research on the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis has been focused, thus far, on two model legumes, medicago truncatula and lotus japonicus, which use a sophisticated infection process involving infection thread formation. however, in 25% of the legumes, the bacterial entry occurs more simply in an intercellular fashion. among them, some aeschynomene spp. are nodulated by photosynthetic bradyrhizobium spp. that do not produce nod factors. this interaction is believed to represent a living testimony of t ... | 2012 | 22475377 |
| how to hierarchize the main physiological processes responsible for phenotypic differences in large-scale screening studies? | one difficulty when analyzing the determinants at the origin of plant phenotypic differences is that measured plant traits are frequently integrative: they result from the integration of a large number of physiological processes under the control of genetic and environmental factors. in a previous report, we demonstrated that dissecting integrative traits into simpler components using a simple crop physiology model was a valuable method for detecting quantitative trait loci (qtl) related to the ... | 2012 | 22499204 |
| ros production during symbiotic infection suppresses pathogenesis-related gene expression. | leguminous plants have exclusive ability to form symbiotic relationship with soil bacteria of the genus rhizobium. symbiosis is a complex process that involves multiple molecular signaling activities, such as calcium fluxes, production of reactive oxygen species (ros) and synthesis of nodulation genes. we analyzed the role of ros in defense gene expression in medicago truncatula during symbiosis and pathogenesis. studies in arabidopsis thaliana showed that the induction of pathogenesis-related ( ... | 2012 | 22499208 |
| overexpression of mtcas31 enhances drought tolerance in transgenic arabidopsis by reducing stomatal density. | • dehydrins are a type of late embryogenesis abundant protein. some dehydrins are involved in the response to various abiotic stresses. accumulation of dehydrins enhances the drought, cold and salt tolerances of transgenic plants, although the underlying mechanism is unclear. mtcas31 (medicago truncatula cold-acclimation specific protein 31) is a y(2)k(4)-type dehydrin that was isolated from medicago truncatula. • we analyzed the subcellular and histochemical localization of mtcas31, and the exp ... | 2012 | 22510066 |
| high toxicity and specificity of the saponin 3-glca-28-ararhaxyl-medicagenate, from medicago truncatula seeds, for sitophilus oryzae. | because of the increasingly concern of consumers and public policy about problems for environment and for public health due to chemical pesticides, the search for molecules more safe is currently of great importance. particularly, plants are able to fight the pathogens as insects, bacteria or fungi; so that plants could represent a valuable source of new molecules. | 2012 | 22536832 |
| tnt1 retrotransposon tagging of stf in medicago truncatula reveals tight coordination of metabolic, hormonal and developmental signals during leaf morphogenesis. | tnt1 (transposable element if nicotiana tabaccum cell type 1) is one of the very few active ltr retrotransposons used for gene tagging in plants. in the model legume medicago truncatula, tnt1 has been effectively used as a gene knock-out tool to generate several very useful mutants. stenofolia (stf) is such a mutant identified by tnt1 insertion in a wuschel-like homeobox transcription factor. stf is required for blade outgrowth, leaf vascular patterning and female reproductive organ development ... | 2011 | 22545243 |
| transcriptional responses to drought stress in root and leaf of chickpea seedling. | chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) is an important pulse crop grown mainly in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. due to its taxonomic proximity with the model legume medicago truncatula and its ability to grow in arid soil, chickpea has its unique advantage to understand how plant responds to drought stress. in this study, an oligonucleotide microarray was used for analyzing the transcriptomic profiles of unigenes in leaf and root of chickpea seedling under drought stress, respectively. mic ... | 2012 | 22562393 |
| putative use of a bacillus subtilis l194 strain for biocontrol of phoma medicaginis in medicago truncatula seedlings. | an antagonist l194 strain against phoma medicaginis pathogenic fungi was isolated from tunisian soil (vicinity of tunis) and identified as bacillus subtilis based on biochemical characteristics and partial 16s rdna sequence. when cells were grown in a minimal medium for 24 h, spore culture supernatant exhibited 2-fold higher antifungal activity than vegetative cells. maldi-tof mass spectrometry analysis showed that l194 spores produced mainly iturins, surfactins and fengycins with long-chain fat ... | 2012 | 22579659 |
| sulfenylated proteins in the medicago truncatula-sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis. | reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)), play a crucial role as signaling molecules in the establishment and functioning of the nitrogen-fixing legume-rhizobium symbiosis. the regulation of protein function through oxidative modification has emerged as an important molecular mechanism modulating various biological processes. protein cysteine residues are known to be sensitive targets of h(2)o(2), in a posttranslational modification called sulfenylation. we trapped and identi ... | 2012 | 22634402 |
| transcriptional responses toward diffusible signals from symbiotic microbes reveal mtnfp- and mtdmi3-dependent reprogramming of host gene expression by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal lipochitooligosaccharides. | the formation of root nodules and arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) roots is controlled by a common signaling pathway including the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase doesn't make infection3 (dmi3). while nodule initiation by lipochitooligosaccharide (lco) nod factors is well characterized, diffusible am fungal signals were only recently identified as sulfated and nonsulfated lcos. irrespective of different outcomes, the perception of symbiotic lcos in medicago truncatula is mediated by the lysm rece ... | 2012 | 22652128 |
| [expression analysis of the medicago truncatula floral specific expression genes]. | the expression of genes specific to floral organ is important for the floral organ formation and development in medicago truncatula. screening of the genes specifically expressed in m. truncatula flowers and comparing the expression patterns of their orthologous homologous genes among different model plants can provide novel insights into the functions of these genes in controlling the floral organ development in m. truncatula. according to the expression profile data of pistillata (pi), we scre ... | 2012 | 22659435 |
| a medicago truncatula tobacco retrotransposon insertion mutant collection with defects in nodule development and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. | a tnt1-insertion mutant population of medicago truncatula ecotype r108 was screened for defects in nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. primary screening of 9,300 mutant lines yielded 317 lines with putative defects in nodule development and/or nitrogen fixation. of these, 230 lines were rescreened, and 156 lines were confirmed with defective symbiotic nitrogen fixation. mutants were sorted into six distinct phenotypic categories: 72 nonnodulating mutants (nod-), 51 mutants with totally i ... | 2012 | 22679222 |
| rapid phosphoproteomic and transcriptomic changes in the rhizobia-legume symbiosis. | symbiotic associations between legumes and rhizobia usually commence with the perception of bacterial lipochitooligosaccharides, known as nod factors (nf), which triggers rapid cellular and molecular responses in host plants. we report here deep untargeted tandem mass spectrometry-based measurements of rapid nf-induced changes in the phosphorylation status of 13,506 phosphosites in 7739 proteins from the model legume medicago truncatula. to place these phosphorylation changes within a biological ... | 2012 | 22683509 |
| increased production of the exopolysaccharide succinoglycan enhances sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 symbiosis with the host plant medicago truncatula. | the nitrogen-fixing rhizobial symbiont sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 produces acidic symbiotic exopolysaccharides that enable it to initiate and maintain infection thread formation on host legume plants. the exopolysaccharide that is most efficient in mediating this process is succinoglycan (exopolysaccharide i [epsi]), a polysaccharide composed of octasaccharide repeating units of 1 galactose and 7 glucose residues, modified with succinyl, acetyl, and pyruvyl substituents. previous studies had sh ... | 2012 | 22685282 |
| promex - a mass spectral reference database for plant proteomics. | the promex database is one of the main collection of annotated tryptic peptides in plant proteomics. the main objective of the promex database is to provide experimental ms/ms-based information for cell type-specific or sub-cellular proteomes in arabidopsis thaliana, medicago truncatula, chlamydomonas reinhardtii, lotus japonicus, lotus corniculatus, phaseolus vulgaris, lycopersicon esculentum, solanum tuberosum, nicotiana tabacum, glycine max, zea mays, bradyrhizobium japonicum, and sinorhizobi ... | 2012 | 22685450 |
| leaf morphology in cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l.) walp]: qtl analysis, physical mapping and identifying a candidate gene using synteny with model legume species. | cowpea [vigna unguiculata (l.) walp] exhibits a considerable variation in leaf shape. although cowpea is mostly utilized as a dry grain and animal fodder crop, cowpea leaves are also used as a high-protein pot herb in many countries of africa. | 2012 | 22691139 |
| large-scale development of cost-effective snp marker assays for diversity assessment and genetic mapping in chickpea and comparative mapping in legumes. | a set of 2486 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) were compiled in chickpea using four approaches, namely (i) solexa/illumina sequencing (1409), (ii) amplicon sequencing of tentative orthologous genes (togs) (604), (iii) mining of expressed sequence tags (ests) (286) and (iv) sequencing of candidate genes (187). conversion of these snps to the cost-effective and flexible throughput competitive allele specific pcr (kaspar) assays generated successful assays for 2005 snps. these marker assays h ... | 2012 | 22703242 |
| the recent evolution of a symbiotic ion channel in the legume family altered ion conductance and improved functionality in calcium signaling. | arbuscular mycorrhiza and the rhizobia-legume symbiosis are two major root endosymbioses that facilitate plant nutrition. in lotus japonicus, two symbiotic cation channels, castor and pollux, are indispensable for the induction of nuclear calcium spiking, one of the earliest plant responses to symbiotic partner recognition. during recent evolution, a single amino acid substitution in does not make infections1 (dmi1), the pollux putative ortholog in the closely related medicago truncatula, render ... | 2012 | 22706284 |
| identification and characterization of resistance to cowpea aphid (aphis craccivora koch) in medicago truncatula. | cowpea aphid (cpa; aphis craccivora) is the most important insect pest of cowpea and also causes significant yield losses in other legume crops including alfalfa, beans, chickpea, lentils, lupins and peanuts. in many of these crops there is no natural genetic resistance to this sap-sucking insect or resistance genes have been overcome by newly emerged cpa biotypes. | 2012 | 22759788 |
| a proteogenomic survey of the medicago truncatula genome. | peptide sequencing by computational assignment of tandem mass spectra to a database of putative protein sequences provides an independent approach to confirming or refuting protein predictions based on large-scale dna and rna sequencing efforts. this use of mass spectrometrically-derived sequence data for testing and refining predicted gene models has been termed proteogenomics. we report herein the application of proteogenomic methodology to a database of 10.9 million tandem mass spectra collec ... | 2012 | 22774004 |
| subcellular targeting of an evolutionarily conserved plant defensin mtdef4.2 determines the outcome of plant-pathogen interaction in transgenic arabidopsis. | the medicago truncatula gene encoding an evolutionarily conserved antifungal defensin mtdef4.2 was cloned and characterized. in silico expression analysis indicated that mtdef4.2 is expressed in many tissues during the normal growth and development of m. truncatula. mtdef4.2 exhibits potent broad-spectrum antifungal activity against various fusarium spp. transgenic arabidopsis thaliana lines in which mtdef4.2 was targeted to three different subcellular compartments were generated. these lines we ... | 2012 | 22776629 |
| overall picture of expressed heat shock factors in glycine max, lotus japonicus and medicago truncatula. | heat shock (hs) leads to the activation of molecular mechanisms, known as hs-response, that prevent damage and enhance survival under stress. plants have a flexible and specialized network of heat shock factors (hsfs), which are transcription factors that induce the expression of heat shock proteins. the present work aimed to identify and characterize the glycine max hsf repertory in the soybean genome project (genosoja platform), comparing them with other legumes (medicago truncatula and lotus ... | 2012 | 22802710 |
| an overall evaluation of the resistance (r) and pathogenesis-related (pr) superfamilies in soybean, as compared with medicago and arabidopsis. | plants have the ability to recognize and respond to a multitude of pathogens, resulting in a massive reprogramming of the plant to activate defense responses including resistance (r) and pathogenesis-related (pr) genes. abiotic stresses can also activate pr genes and enhance pathogen resistance, representing valuable genes for breeding purposes. the present work offers an overview of soybean r and pr genes present in the genosoja (brazilian soybean genome consortium) platform, regarding their st ... | 2012 | 22802711 |
| in silico identification of known osmotic stress responsive genes from arabidopsis in soybean and medicago. | plants experience various environmental stresses, but tolerance to these adverse conditions is a very complex phenomenon. the present research aimed to evaluate a set of genes involved in osmotic response, comparing soybean and medicago with the well-described arabidopsis thaliana model plant. based on 103 arabidopsis proteins from 27 categories of osmotic stress response, comparative analyses against genosoja and medicago truncatula databases allowed the identification of 1,088 soybean and 1,21 ... | 2012 | 22802716 |
| functional assessment of the medicago truncatula nip/latd protein demonstrates that it is a high-affinity nitrate transporter. | the medicago truncatula nip/latd (for numerous infections and polyphenolics/lateral root-organ defective) gene encodes a protein found in a clade of nitrate transporters within the large nrt1(ptr) family that also encodes transporters of dipeptides and tripeptides, dicarboxylates, auxin, and abscisic acid. of the nrt1(ptr) members known to transport nitrate, most are low-affinity transporters. here, we show that m. truncatula nip/latd mutants are more defective in their lateral root responses to ... | 2012 | 22858636 |
| exploring the genetic diversity of ethiopian grass pea (lathyrus sativus l.) using est-ssr markers. | expressed sequence tags (ests) in public databases and cross-species transferable markers are considered to be a cost-effective means for developing sequence-based markers for less-studied species. in this study, est-simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers developed from lathyrus sativus l. est sequences and cross-transferable est-ssrs derived from medicago truncatula l. were utilized to investigate the genetic diversity among grass pea populations from ethiopia. a total of 45 alleles were detected ... | 2011 | 22924019 |
| the medicago truncatula sucrose transporter family: characterization and implication of key members in carbon partitioning towards arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | we identified de novo sucrose transporter (sut) genes involved in long-distance transport of sucrose from photosynthetic source leaves towards sink organs in the model leguminous species medicago truncatula. the identification and functional analysis of sugar transporters provide key information on mechanisms that underlie carbon partitioning in plant-microorganism interactions. in that way, full-length sequences of the m. truncatula sut (mtsut) family were retrieved and biochemical characteriza ... | 2012 | 22930732 |
| nitric oxide (no): a key player in the senescence of medicago truncatula root nodules. | nitric oxide (no) is a signalling and defence molecule involved in diverse plant developmental processes, as well as in the plant response to pathogens. no has also been detected at different steps of the symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia. no is required for an optimal establishment of the medicago truncatula-sinorhizobium meliloti symbiotic interaction, but little is known about the role of no in mature nodules. here, we investigate the role of no in the late steps of symbiosis. genetic an ... | 2012 | 22937888 |
| "ménage à trois": the presence/absence of thyme shapes the mutualistic interaction between the host plant medicago truncatula (fabaceae) and its symbiotic bacterium sinorhizobium meliloti. | the long-term maintenance of specialized mutualisms remains an evolutionary puzzle. recent focus has been on factors governing the stability of these mutualisms, including sanctions by the host, partner choice, and coevolutionary constraint, that is, the genetic correlation (r(g)) between fitness of both partners. so far these studies have been typically carried out in a single environment. here, we ask if the genetic correlation between fitness of the host plant medicago truncatula (fabaceae) a ... | 2012 | 22957171 |
| simple and efficient methods to generate split roots and grafted plants useful for long-distance signaling studies in medicago truncatula and other small plants. | 2012 | 22971438 | |
| transcriptomic insights into mechanisms of symbiotic cooperation. | intraspecific genetic variation can affect community structure and ecosystem processes (bolnick et al. 2011). it can also influence phenotypic expression by genotypes within other species to produce genotype-by-genotype (g × g) interaction (falconer & mackay 1996). evolution of one species drives correlated evolution of others when it causes g × g for fitness (thompson 2005). however, the mechanisms by which species interact also influence evolutionary outcomes (kummel & salant 2006; golubski & ... | 2012 | 23009647 |
| two direct targets of cytokinin signaling regulate symbiotic nodulation in medicago truncatula. | cytokinin regulates many aspects of plant development, and in legume crops, this phytohormone is necessary and sufficient for symbiotic nodule organogenesis, allowing them to fix atmospheric nitrogen. to identify direct links between cytokinins and nodule organogenesis, we determined a consensus sequence bound in vitro by a transcription factor (tf) acting in cytokinin signaling, the nodule-enhanced medicago truncatula mt rr1 response regulator (rr). among genes rapidly regulated by cytokinins a ... | 2012 | 23023168 |
| interaction between medicago truncatula and pseudomonas fluorescens: evaluation of costs and benefits across an elevated atmospheric co(2). | soil microorganisms play a key role in both plants nutrition and health. their relation with plant varies from mutualism to parasitism, according to the balance of costs and benefits for the two partners of the interaction. these interactions involved the liberation of plant organic compounds via rhizodeposition. modification of atmospheric co(2) concentration may affect rhizodeposition and as a consequence trophic interactions that bind plants and microorganisms. positive effect of elevated co( ... | 2012 | 23029215 |
| selective recruitment of mrnas and mirnas to polyribosomes in response to rhizobia infection in medicago truncatula. | translation of mrnas is a key regulatory step that contributes to the coordination and modulation of eukaryotic gene expression during development or adaptation to the environment. mrna stability or translatability can be regulated by the action of small regulatory rnas (srnas), which control diverse biological processes. under low nitrogen conditions, leguminous plants associate with soil bacteria and develop a new organ specialized in nitrogen fixation: the nodule. to gain insight into the tra ... | 2013 | 23050939 |
| plantrna, a database for trnas of photosynthetic eukaryotes. | plantrna database (http://plantrna.ibmp.cnrs.fr/) compiles transfer rna (trna) gene sequences retrieved from fully annotated plant nuclear, plastidial and mitochondrial genomes. the set of annotated trna gene sequences has been manually curated for maximum quality and confidence. the novelty of this database resides in the inclusion of biological information relevant to the function of all the trnas entered in the library. this includes 5'- and 3'-flanking sequences, a and b box sequences, regio ... | 2013 | 23066098 |
| medicago truncatula ern transcription factors: regulatory interplay with nsp1/nsp2 gras factors and expression dynamics throughout rhizobial infection. | rhizobial nodulation factors (nfs) activate a specific signaling pathway in medicago truncatula root hairs that involves the complex interplay of nodulation signaling pathway1 (nsp1)/nsp2 gras and ethylene response factor required for nodulation1 (ern1) transcription factors (tfs) to achieve full enod11 transcription. ern1 acts as a direct transcriptional regulator of enod11 through the activation of the nf-responsive "nf box." here, we show that nsp1, when combined with nsp2, can act as a stron ... | 2012 | 23077241 |
| identification and expression analysis of multiple fro gene copies in medicago truncatula. | iron (fe) is an essential element for plant growth. commonly, this element is found in an oxidized form in soil, which is poorly available for plants. therefore, plants have evolved ferric-chelate reductase enzymes (fro) to reduce iron into a more soluble ferrous form. fe scarcity in plants induce the fro enzyme activity. although the legume medicago truncatula has been employed as a model for fro activity studies, only one copy of the m. truncatula mtfro1 gene has been characterized so far. in ... | 2012 | 23096909 |
| large-scale development of cost-effective single-nucleotide polymorphism marker assays for genetic mapping in pigeonpea and comparative mapping in legumes. | single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps, >2000) were discovered by using rna-seq and allele-specific sequencing approaches in pigeonpea (cajanus cajan). for making the snp genotyping cost-effective, successful competitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (kaspar) assays were developed for 1616 snps and referred to as pkams (pigeonpea kaspar assay markers). screening of pkams on 24 genotypes [23 from cultivated species and 1 wild species (cajanus scarabaeoides)] defined a set of 1154 polym ... | 2012 | 23103470 |
| effects of rhizophagus irregularis mucl 41833 on the reproduction of radopholus similis in banana plantlets grown under in vitro culture conditions. | the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in the control of migratory endoparasitic nematodes is nowadays largely admitted. most studies were conducted under greenhouse conditions and a few used in vitro cultures with transgenic root organs. here, we reported, for the first time, on the interaction between an amf, rhizophagus irregularis mucl 41833 and radopholus similis in roots of banana plantlets grown under in vitro culture conditions. the banana plantlets were pre-mycorrhized in an ext ... | 2013 | 23111398 |
| one-step agrobacterium mediated transformation of eight genes essential for rhizobium symbiotic signaling using the novel binary vector system phuge. | advancement in plant research is becoming impaired by the fact that the transfer of multiple genes is difficult to achieve. here we present a new binary vector for agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation, phuge-red, in concert with a cloning strategy suited for the transfer of up to nine genes at once. this vector enables modular cloning of large dna fragments by employing gateway technology and contains dsred1 as visual selection marker. furthermore, an r/rs inducible recombination sy ... | 2012 | 23112864 |
| nodule root and cochleata maintain nodule development and are legume orthologs of arabidopsis blade-on-petiole genes. | during their symbiotic interaction with rhizobia, legume plants develop symbiosis-specific organs on their roots, called nodules, that house nitrogen-fixing bacteria. the molecular mechanisms governing the identity and maintenance of these organs are unknown. using medicago truncatula nodule root (noot) mutants and pea (pisum sativum) cochleata (coch) mutants, which are characterized by the abnormal development of roots from the nodule, we identified the noot and coch genes as being necessary fo ... | 2012 | 23136374 |
| expression dynamics of the medicago truncatula transcriptome during the symbiotic interaction with sinorhizobium meliloti: which role for nitric oxide? | medicago truncatula is one of the most studied model plants. nevertheless, the genome of this legume remains incompletely determined. we used rna-seq to characterize the transcriptome during the early organogenesis of the nodule and during its functioning. we detected 37,333 expressed transcription units; to our knowledge, 1,670 had never been described before and were functionally annotated. we identified 7,595 new transcribed regions, mostly corresponding to 5' and 3' untranslated region exten ... | 2012 | 23136381 |
| rj (rj) genes involved in nitrogen-fixing root nodule formation in soybean. | it has long been known that formation of symbiotic root nodules in soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.) is controlled by several host genes referred to as rj (rj) genes, but molecular cloning of these genes has been hampered by soybean's complicated genome structure and large genome size. progress in molecular identification of legume genes involved in root nodule symbiosis have been mostly achieved by using two model legumes, lotus japonicus and medicago truncatula, that have relatively simple and ... | 2012 | 23136493 |
| allelic differences in medicago truncatula nip/latd mutants correlate with their encoded proteins' transport activities in planta. | medicago truncatula nip/latd gene, required for symbiotic nitrogen fixing nodule and root architecture development, encodes a member of the nrt1(ptr) family that demonstrates high-affinity nitrate transport in xenopus laevis oocytes. of three mtnip/latd mutant proteins, one retains high-affinity nitrate transport in oocytes, while the other two are nitrate-transport defective. to further examine the mutant proteins' transport properties, the missense mtnip/latd alleles were expressed in arabidop ... | 2012 | 23154505 |
| mapping the genetic basis of symbiotic variation in legume-rhizobium interactions in medicago truncatula. | mutualisms are known to be genetically variable, where the genotypes differ in the fitness benefits they gain from the interaction. to date, little is known about the loci that underlie such genetic variation in fitness or whether the loci influencing fitness are partner specific, and depend on the genotype of the interaction partner. in the legume-rhizobium mutualism, one set of potential candidate genes that may influence the fitness benefits of the symbiosis are the plant genes involved in th ... | 2012 | 23173081 |
| is n-feedback involved in the inhibition of nitrogen fixation in drought-stressed medicago truncatula? | drought stress is a major factor limiting nitrogen fixation (nf) in crop production. however, the regulatory mechanism involved and the origin of the inhibition, whether local or systemic, is still controversial and so far scarcely studied in temperate forage legumes. medicago truncatula plants were symbiotically grown with a split-root system and exposed to gradual water deprivation. physiological parameters, nf activity, and amino acid content were measured. the partial drought treatment inhib ... | 2012 | 23175536 |
| morphological and genetic changes induced by excess zn in roots of medicago truncatula a17 and a zn accumulating mutant. | nutrient fluxes associated with legume-rhizobia symbioses are poorly understood and little is known regarding the influence of abiotic stresses on development and maintenance of n-fixing nodules and root system architecture (rsa). we examined effects of zn on nodule development and structure, root architecture, and expression of nodulation-related mirnas in medicago truncatula and the mutant, raz (requires additional zn). | 2012 | 23191938 |
| natural diversity in the model legume medicago truncatula allows identifying distinct genetic mechanisms conferring partial resistance to verticillium wilt. | verticillium wilt is a major threat to alfalfa (medicago sativa) and many other crops. the model legume medicago truncatula was used as a host for studying resistance and susceptibility to verticillium albo-atrum. in addition to presenting well-established genetic resources, this wild plant species enables to investigate biodiversity of the response to the pathogen and putative crosstalk between disease and symbiosis. symptom scoring after root inoculation and modelling of disease curves allowed ... | 2012 | 23213135 |
| the non-specific lipid transfer protein n5 of medicago truncatula is implicated in epidermal stages of rhizobium-host interaction. | the symbiotic interaction between leguminous plants and rhizobia involves two processes: bacterial infection, resulting in the penetration of bacteria in epidermal and cortical cells, and root nodule organogenesis. root nodule symbiosis is activated by rhizobial signalling molecules, called nodulation factors (nfs). nf perception induces the expression of several genes called early nodulins. the early nodulin n5 of medicago truncatula is a lipid transfer protein that has been shown to positively ... | 2012 | 23217154 |
| cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous control of rhizobial and mycorrhizal infection in medicago truncatula. | legumes can form a nitrogen fixing symbiosis with soil bacteria called rhizobia (the rl symbiosis). they can also, like most plants, form symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi, which facilitate plants' phosphate nutrition. in both interactions, the symbionts are hosted inside the plant root. nitrogen-fixing rhizobia are housed in intracellular symbiotic structures within nodules, while am fungi form intracellular symbiotic structures, called arbuscules, within cortical ro ... | 2012 | 23221781 |
| development of high-throughput snp-based genotyping in acacia auriculiformis x a. mangium hybrids using short-read transcriptome data. | next generation sequencing has provided comprehensive, affordable and high-throughput dna sequences for single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) discovery in acacia auriculiformis and acacia mangium. like other non-model species, snp detection and genotyping in acacia are challenging due to lack of genome sequences. the main objective of this study is to develop the first high-throughput snp genotyping assay for linkage map construction of a. auriculiformis x a. mangium hybrids. | 2012 | 23265623 |
| medicago truncatula dnf2 is a pi-plc-xd-containing protein required for bacteroid persistence and prevention of nodule early senescence and defense-like reactions. | medicago truncatula and sinorhizobium meliloti form a symbiotic association resulting in the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules. nodule cells contain large numbers of bacteroids which are differentiated, nitrogen-fixing forms of the symbiotic bacteria. in the nodules, symbiotic plant cells home and maintain hundreds of viable bacteria. in order to better understand the molecular mechanism sustaining the phenomenon, we searched for new plant genes required for effective symbiosis. we used a com ... | 2013 | 23278348 |
| isolation and functional characterization of a salt responsive transcriptional factor, lrbzip from lotus root (nelumbo nucifera gaertn). | basic leucine zipper transcription factor (bzip) is involved in signaling transduction for various stress responses. here we reported a bzip transcription factor (accession: jx887153) isolated from a salt-resistant lotus root using cdna-aflp approach with rt-pcr and race-pcr method. full-length cdna which consisted of a single open reading frame encoded a putative polypeptide of 488 amino acids. on the basis of 78, 76, and 75 % sequence similarity with the bzips from medicago truncatula (xp_0035 ... | 2013 | 23288562 |
| functional characterization of proanthocyanidin pathway enzymes from tea and their application for metabolic engineering. | tea (camellia sinensis) is rich in specialized metabolites, especially polyphenolic proanthocyanidins (pas) and their precursors. to better understand the pa pathway in tea, we generated a complementary dna library from leaf tissue of the blister blight-resistant tea cultivar tri2043 and functionally characterized key enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of pa precursors. structural genes encoding enzymes involved in the general phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathway and the pa-specific branch pa ... | 2013 | 23288883 |
| an experimental system to study responses of medicago truncatula roots to chitin oligomers of high degree of polymerization and other microbial elicitors. | a fully acetylated, soluble co preparation of mean dp of ca. 7 was perceived with high sensitivity by m. truncatula in a newly designed versatile root elicitation assay. the root system of legume plants interacts with a large variety of microorganisms, either pathogenic or symbiotic. understanding how legumes recognize and respond specifically to pathogen-associated or symbiotic signals requires the development of standardized bioassays using well-defined preparations of the corresponding signal ... | 2013 | 23314495 |
| a medicago truncatula abc transporter belonging to subfamily g modulates the level of isoflavonoids. | full-sized atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters of the g subfamily (abcg) are considered to be essential components of the plant immune system. these proteins have been proposed to be implicated in the active transmembrane transport of various secondary metabolites. despite the importance of abcg-based transport for plant-microbe interactions, these proteins are still poorly recognized in legumes. the experiments described here demonstrated that the level of medicago truncatula abcg10 (mtabcg ... | 2013 | 23314816 |
| integrated consensus map of cultivated peanut and wild relatives reveals structures of the a and b genomes of arachis and divergence of the legume genomes. | the complex, tetraploid genome structure of peanut (arachis hypogaea) has obstructed advances in genetics and genomics in the species. the aim of this study is to understand the genome structure of arachis by developing a high-density integrated consensus map. three recombinant inbred line populations derived from crosses between the a genome diploid species, arachis duranensis and arachis stenosperma; the b genome diploid species, arachis ipaënsis and arachis magna; and between the ab genome te ... | 2013 | 23315685 |
| medicago truncatula dihydrodipicolinate synthase (dhdps) enzymes display novel regulatory properties. | lysine biosynthesis in plants is tightly regulated by feedback inhibition of the end product on the first enzyme of the lysine-specific branch, dihydrodipicolinate synthase (dhdps). three complete dhdps coding sequences and one partial sequence were obtained in medicago truncatula via inverse pcr. analysis of the mtdhdps sequences indicated the presence of isozymes (mtdhdps2 and mtdhdps3) with multiple amino acid substitutions on positions previously shown to be involved in feedback inhibition a ... | 2013 | 23329373 |
| hydrogen peroxide-regulated genes in the medicago truncatula-sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis. | reactive oxygen species (ros), particularly hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)), play an important role in signalling in various cellular processes. the involvement of h(2)o(2) in the medicago truncatula-sinorhizobium meliloti symbiotic interaction raises questions about its effect on gene expression. a transcriptome analysis was performed on inoculated roots of m. truncatula in which ros production was inhibited with diphenylene iodonium (dpi). in total, 301 genes potentially regulated by ros content ... | 2013 | 23347006 |
| insights into the insect salivary gland proteome: diet-associated changes in caterpillar labial salivary proteins. | the primary function of salivary glands is fluid and protein secretion during feeding. compared to mammalian systems, little is known about salivary protein secretion processes and the effect of diet on the salivary proteome in insect models. therefore, the effect of diet nutritional quality on caterpillar labial salivary gland proteins was investigated using an unbiased global proteomic approach by nanolc/esi/tandem ms. caterpillars of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua hübner, were fed one o ... | 2013 | 23353727 |
| combinatorial biosynthesis of legume natural and rare triterpenoids in engineered yeast. | triterpenoid saponins are a diverse group of specialized (secondary) metabolites with many biological properties. the model legume medicago truncatula has an interesting profile of triterpenoid saponins from which sapogenins are differentiated into hemolytic and non-hemolytic types according to the position of their functional groups and hemolytic properties. gene co-expression analysis confirmed the presence of candidate p450s whose gene expression correlated highly with that of β-amyrin syntha ... | 2013 | 23378447 |
| trans-specific gene silencing of acetyl-coa carboxylase in a root-parasitic plant. | parasitic species of the family orobanchaceae are devastating agricultural pests in many parts of the world. the control of weedy orobanchaceae spp. is challenging, particularly due to the highly coordinated life cycles of the parasite and host plants. although host genetic resistance often provides the foundation of plant pathogen management, few genes that confer resistance to root parasites have been identified and incorporated into crop species. members of the family orobanchaceae acquire wa ... | 2013 | 23383721 |
| short-chain chitin oligomers from arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi trigger nuclear ca2+ spiking in medicago truncatula roots and their production is enhanced by strigolactone. | the primary objective of this study was to identify the molecular signals present in arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) germinated spore exudates (gses) responsible for activating nuclear ca(2+) spiking in the medicago truncatula root epidermis. medicago truncatula root organ cultures (rocs) expressing a nuclear-localized cameleon reporter were used as a bioassay to detect am-associated ca(2+) spiking responses and lc-ms to characterize targeted molecules in gses. this approach has revealed that short- ... | 2013 | 23384011 |
| impact of whole-genome and tandem duplications in the expansion and functional diversification of the f-box family in legumes (fabaceae). | f-box proteins constitute a large gene family that regulates processes from hormone signaling to stress response. f-box proteins are the substrate recognition modules of scf e3 ubiquitin ligases. here we report very distinct trends in family size, duplication, synteny and transcription of f-box genes in two nitrogen-fixing legumes, glycine max (soybean) and medicago truncatula (alfafa). while the soybean fbx genes emerged mainly through segmental duplications (including whole-genome duplications ... | 2013 | 23390519 |
| evidence for participation of the methionine sulfoxide reductase repair system in plant seed longevity. | seeds are in a natural oxidative context leading to protein oxidation. although inevitable for proper progression from maturation to germination, protein oxidation at high levels is detrimental and associated with seed aging. oxidation of methionine to methionine sulfoxide is a common form of damage observed during aging in all organisms. this damage is reversible through the action of methionine sulfoxide reductases (msrs), which play key roles in lifespan control in yeast and animal cells. to ... | 2013 | 23401556 |
| queuosine biosynthesis is required for sinorhizobium meliloti-induced cytoskeletal modifications on hela cells and symbiosis with medicago truncatula. | rhizobia are symbiotic soil bacteria able to intracellularly colonize legume nodule cells and form nitrogen-fixing symbiosomes therein. how the plant cell cytoskeleton reorganizes in response to rhizobium colonization has remained poorly understood especially because of the lack of an in vitro infection assay. here, we report on the use of the heterologous hela cell model to experimentally tackle this question. we observed that the model rhizobium sinorhizobium meliloti, and other rhizobia as we ... | 2013 | 23409119 |
| failure of self-control: defense-like reactions during legume/rhizobia symbiosis. | medicago truncatula and sinorhizobium meliloti form a symbiotic association resulting in the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules. in this organ, symbiotic cells contain large numbers of bacteroids. remarkably, this chronic infection does not trigger visible defense reactions. despite the importance of this phenomenon for potential transfer of the symbiotic capacity to non-legume plants, the molecular mechanisms underlying this tolerance are not understood. we have characterized the dnf2 m. trun ... | 2013 | 23425859 |
| nfp, a lysm protein controlling nod factor perception, also intervenes in medicago truncatula resistance to pathogens. | plant lysm proteins control the perception of microbial-derived n-acetylglucosamine compounds for the establishment of symbiosis or activation of plant immunity. this raises questions about how plants, and notably legumes, can differentiate friends and foes using similar molecular actors and whether any receptors can intervene in both symbiosis and resistance. to study this question, nfp and lyk3 lysm-receptor like kinase mutants of medicago truncatula that are affected in the early steps of nod ... | 2013 | 23432463 |
| comparative transcriptional profiling provides insights into the evolution and development of the zygomorphic flower of vicia sativa (papilionoideae). | vicia sativa (the common vetch) possesses a predominant zygomorphic flower and belongs to the subfamily papilionoideae, which is related to arabidopsis thaliana in the eurosid ii clade of the core eudicots. each vetch flower consists of 21 concentrically arranged organs: the outermost five sepals, then five petals and ten stamens, and a single carpel in the center. | 2013 | 23437373 |
| agamous-like15 promotes somatic embryogenesis in arabidopsis and soybean in part by the control of ethylene biosynthesis and response. | many of the regulatory processes occurring during plant embryogenesis are still unknown. relatively few cells are involved, and they are embedded within maternal tissues, making this developmental phase difficult to study. somatic embryogenesis is a more accessible system, and many important regulatory genes appear to function similar to zygotic development, making somatic embryogenesis a valuable model for the study of zygotic processes. to better understand the role of the arabidopsis (arabido ... | 2013 | 23457229 |
| structural analysis of succinoglycan oligosaccharides from sinorhizobium meliloti strains with different host compatibility phenotypes. | sinorhizobium meliloti nrg247 has a fix(+) phenotype on medicago truncatula a20 and is fix(-) on m. truncatula a17, and the phenotype is reversed with s. meliloti nrg185. as the succinoglycan was shown to impact host specificity, an analysis of the succinoglycan oligosaccharides produced by each strain was conducted. the symbiotically active succinoglycan trimeric oligosaccharides (stos) from the two s. meliloti strains were compared by chromatography and mass spectrometry, and the analysis of t ... | 2013 | 23457246 |
| comparative analysis of the symbiotic efficiency of medicago truncatula and medicago sativa under phosphorus deficiency. | phosphorus (p)-deficiency is a major abiotic stress that limits legume growth in many types of soils. the relationship between medicago and sinorhizobium, is known to be affected by different environmental conditions. recent reports have shown that, in combination with s. meliloti 2011, medicago truncatula had a lower symbiotic efficiency than medicago sativa. however, little is known about how medicago-sinorhizobium is affected by p-deficiency at the whole-plant level. the objective of the pres ... | 2013 | 23459233 |
| movement of fluorescent dyes lucifer yellow (lych) and carboxyfluorescein (cf) in medicago truncatula gaertn. roots and root nodules. | lucifer yellow (lych) and carboxyfluorescein (cf) served in medicago truncatula roots and root nodules as the markers of apoplastic and symplastic transport, respectively. the aim of this study was to understand better the water and photoassimilate translocation pathways to and within nodules. the present study shows that in damaged roots lych moves apoplastically through the vascular elements but it was not detected within the nodule vascular bundles. in intact roots, the outer cortex was stron ... | 2012 | 23482425 |
| structural changes in medicago truncatula root nodules caused by short-term aluminum stress. | aluminum in the form of al(3+) is one of the most toxic heavy metal pollutants in nature and its effects are primarily root-related. roots of medicago truncatula exposed to 50 μm of alcl3 for 2 h and 24 h were examined by light and electron microscopy. changes in the appearance of the host cells, infection threads and bacteroidal tissue occurred during the first 2 h of al stress. microscopic observations showed that aluminum: (1) induced thickening of plant cell and infection threads (its) walls ... | 2012 | 23482822 |
| spectroscopic determination of the toxicity, absorption, reduction, and translocation of cr(vi) in two magnoliopsida species. | hexavalent chromium is a contaminant highly mobile in the environment that is toxic for plants at low concentrations. in this work, the physiological response of convolvulus arvensis and medicago truncatula plants to cr(vi) treatments was compared. c. arvensis is a potential cr hyperaccumulator well adapted to semiarid conditions that biotransform cr(vi) to the less toxic cr(iii). m. truncatula is a model plant well adapted to semiarid conditions with a well studied genetic response to heavy met ... | 2013 | 23487994 |
| spatio-temporal expression patterns of arabidopsis thaliana and medicago truncatula defensin-like genes. | plant genomes contain several hundred defensin-like (defl) genes that encode short cysteine-rich proteins resembling defensins, which are well known antimicrobial polypeptides. little is known about the expression patterns or functions of many defls because most were discovered recently and hence are not well represented on standard microarrays. we designed a custom affymetrix chip consisting of probe sets for 317 and 684 defls from arabidopsis thaliana and medicago truncatula, respectively for ... | 2013 | 23527067 |
| rhizobial infection is associated with the development of peripheral vasculature in nodules of medicago truncatula. | nodulation in legumes involves the coordination of epidermal infection by rhizobia with cell divisions in the underlying cortex. during nodulation, rhizobia are entrapped within curled root hairs to form an infection pocket. transcellular tubes called infection threads then develop from the pocket and become colonized by rhizobia. the infection thread grows toward the developing nodule primordia and rhizobia are taken up into the nodule cells, where they eventually fix nitrogen. the epidermal an ... | 2013 | 23535942 |
| maldi mass spectrometry-assisted molecular imaging of metabolites during nitrogen fixation in the medicago truncatula-sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis. | symbiotic associations between leguminous plants and nitrogen-fixing rhizobia culminate in the formation of specialized organs called root nodules, in which the rhizobia fix atmospheric nitrogen and transfer it to the plant. efficient biological nitrogen fixation depends on metabolites produced by and exchanged between both partners. the medicago truncatula-sinorhizobium meliloti association is an excellent model for dissecting this nitrogen-fixing symbiosis because of the availability of geneti ... | 2013 | 23551619 |
| medicago truncatula increases its iron-uptake mechanisms in response to volatile organic compounds produced by sinorhizobium meliloti. | medicago truncatula represents a model plant species for understanding legume-bacteria interactions. m. truncatula roots form a specific root-nodule symbiosis with the nitrogen-fixing bacterium sinorhizobium meliloti. symbiotic nitrogen fixation generates high iron (fe) demands for bacterial nitrogenase holoenzyme and plant leghemoglobin proteins. leguminous plants acquire fe via "strategy i," which includes mechanisms such as rhizosphere acidification and enhanced ferric reductase activity. in ... | 2013 | 23564626 |
| regulatory patterns of a large family of defensin-like genes expressed in nodules of medicago truncatula. | root nodules are the symbiotic organ of legumes that house nitrogen-fixing bacteria. many genes are specifically induced in nodules during the interactions between the host plant and symbiotic rhizobia. information regarding the regulation of expression for most of these genes is lacking. one of the largest gene families expressed in the nodules of the model legume medicago truncatula is the nodule cysteine-rich (ncr) group of defensin-like (defl) genes. we used a custom affymetrix microarray to ... | 2013 | 23573247 |
| novel receptor-like kinases in cacao contain pr-1 extracellular domains. | members of the pathogenesis-related protein 1 (pr-1) family are well-known markers of plant defence responses, forming part of the arsenal of the secreted proteins produced on pathogen recognition. here, we report the identification of two cacao (theobroma cacao l.) pr-1s that are fused to transmembrane regions and serine/threonine kinase domains, in a manner characteristic of receptor-like kinases (rlks). these proteins (tcpr-1f and tcpr-1g) were named pr-1 receptor kinases (pr-1rks). phylogene ... | 2013 | 23573899 |
| peribacteroid space acidification: a marker of mature bacteroid functioning in medicago truncatula nodules. | legumes form a symbiotic interaction with rhizobiaceae bacteria, which differentiate into nitrogen-fixing bacteroids within nodules. here, we investigated in vivo the ph of the peribacteroid space (pbs) surrounding the bacteroid and ph variation throughout symbiosis. in vivo confocal microscopy investigations, using acidotropic probes, demonstrated the acidic state of the pbs. in planta analysis of nodule senescence induced by distinct biological processes drastically increased pbs ph in the n2 ... | 2013 | 23586685 |
| medicago glucosyltransferase ugt72l1: potential roles in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. | in the first reaction specific for proanthocyanidin (pa) biosynthesis in arabidopsis thaliana and medicago truncatula, anthocyanidin reductase (anr) converts cyanidin to (-)-epicatechin. the glucosyltransferase ugt72l1 catalyzes formation of epicatechin 3'-o-glucoside (e3'og), the preferred substrate for mate transporters implicated in pa biosynthesis in both species. the mechanism of pa polymerization is still unclear, but may involve the laccase-like polyphenol oxidase transparent testa 10 (tt ... | 2013 | 23592226 |
| heterologous overexpression of vigna radiata epoxide hydrolase in escherichia coli and its catalytic performance in enantioconvergent hydrolysis of p-nitrostyrene oxide into (r)-p-nitrophenyl glycol. | two native epoxide hydrolases (ehs) were previously discovered from mung bean powder (vigna radiata), both of which can catalyze the enantioconvergent hydrolysis of p-nitrostyrene oxide (pnso). in this study, the encoding gene of vreh1 was successfully cloned from the cdna of v. radiata by rt-pcr and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) technologies. high homologies were found to two putative ehs originated from glycine max (80%) and medicago truncatula (79%). the vreh1 gene constructed in pe ... | 2014 | 23615737 |
| medicago truncatula esn1 defines a genetic locus involved in nodule senescence and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. | symbiotic interaction between medicago truncatula and sinorhizobium meliloti results in the formation on the host roots of new organs, nodules, in which biological nitrogen fixation takes place. in infected cells, rhizobia enclosed in a plant-derived membrane, the symbiosome membrane, differentiate to nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. the symbiosome membrane serves as an interface for metabolite and signal exchanges between the host cells and endosymbionts. at some point during symbiosis, symbiosomes ... | 2013 | 23634841 |
| mtqrrs1, an r-locus required for medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to ralstonia solanacearum. | ralstonia solanacearum is a major soilborne pathogen that attacks > 200 plant species, including major crops. to characterize mtqrrs1, a major quantitative trait locus (qtl) for resistance towards this bacterium in the model legume medicago truncatula, genetic and functional approaches were combined. qtl analyses together with disease scoring of heterogeneous inbred families were used to define the locus. the candidate region was studied by physical mapping using a bacterial artificial chromosom ... | 2013 | 23638965 |
| sub-cellular proteomics of medicago truncatula. | medicago truncatula is a leading model species and substantial molecular, genetic, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics resources have been developed for this species to facilitate the study of legume biology. currently, over 60 proteomics studies of m. truncatula have been published. many of these have focused upon the unique symbiosis formed between legumes and nitrogen fixing rhizobia bacteria, while others have focused on seed development and the specialized proteomes of distinct tissues/o ... | 2013 | 23641248 |
| the succinoglycan endoglycanase encoded by exok is required for efficient symbiosis of sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 with the host plants medicago truncatula and medicago sativa (alfalfa). | the acidic polysaccharide succinoglycan produced by the nitrogen-fixing rhizobial symbiont sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 is required for this bacterium to invade the host plant medicago truncatula and to efficiently invade the host plant m. sativa (alfalfa). the β-glucanase enzyme encoded by exok has previously been demonstrated to cleave succinoglycan and participate in producing the low molecular weight form of this polysaccharide. here, we show that exok is required for efficient s. meliloti in ... | 2013 | 23656330 |
| the involvement of medicago truncatula non-specific lipid transfer protein n5 in the control of rhizobial infection. | cysteine-rich proteins seem to play important regulatory roles in medicago truncatula/sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis. in particular, a large family of nodule-specific cysteine-rich (ncr) peptides is crucial for the differentiation of nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. the medicago truncatula n5 protein (mtn5) is currently the only reported non-specific lipid transfer protein necessary for successful rhizobial symbiosis; in addition, mtn5 shares several characteristics with ncr peptides: a small size, ... | 2013 | 23656864 |
| alternative splicing is required for rct1-mediated disease resistance in medicago truncatula. | rct1 is a tir-nbs-lrr-type resistance (r) gene in medicago truncatula that confers resistance to multiple races of colletotrichum trifolii, a hemi-biotrophic fungal pathogen that causes anthracnose disease in medicago and other closely related legumes. rct1 undergoes alternative splicing at both coding and 3'-untranslated regions, thereby producing multiple transcript variants in its expression profile. alternative splicing of rct1 in the coding region results from the retention of intron 4. bec ... | 2013 | 23657790 |
| a tandem kunitz protease inhibitor (kpi106)-serine carboxypeptidase (scp1) controls mycorrhiza establishment and arbuscule development in medicago truncatula. | plant proteases and protease inhibitors are involved in plant developmental processes including those involving interactions with microbes. here we show that a tandem between a kunitz protease inhibitor (kpi106) and a serine carboxypeptidase (scp1) controls arbuscular mycorrhiza development in the root cortex of medicago truncatula. both proteins are only induced during mycorrhiza formation and belong to large families whose members are also mycorrhiza-specific. furthermore, the interaction betw ... | 2013 | 23662629 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a gene regulating flowering time from alfalfa (medicago sativa l.). | genes that regulate flowering time play crucial roles in plant development and biomass formation. based on the cdna sequence of medicago truncatula (accession no. ay690425), the lfy gene of alfalfa was cloned. sequence similarity analysis revealed high homology with flo/lfy family genes of other plants. when fused to the green fluorescent protein, mslfy protein was localized in the nucleus of onion (allium cepa l.) epidermal cells. the rt-qpcr analysis of mslfy expression patterns showed that th ... | 2013 | 23670041 |
| conservation, divergence, and genome-wide distribution of pal and pox a gene families in plants. | genome-wide identification and phylogenetic and syntenic comparison were performed for the genes responsible for phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal) and peroxidase a (pox a) enzymes in nine plant species representing very diverse groups like legumes (glycine max and medicago truncatula), fruits (vitis vinifera), cereals (sorghum bicolor, zea mays, and oryza sativa), trees (populus trichocarpa), and model dicot (arabidopsis thaliana) and monocot (brachypodium distachyon) species. a total of 87 and ... | 2013 | 23671845 |
| mitochondrial genome sequence of the legume vicia faba. | the number of plant mitochondrial genomes sequenced exceeds two dozen. however, for a detailed comparative study of different phylogenetic branches more plant mitochondrial genomes should be sequenced. this article presents sequencing data and comparative analysis of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of the legume vicia faba. the size of the v. faba circular mitochondrial master chromosome of cultivar broad windsor was estimated as 588,000 bp with a genome complexity of 387,745 bp and 52 conservative mi ... | 2013 | 23675376 |
| an endogenous artificial microrna system for unraveling the function of root endosymbioses related genes in medicago truncatula. | legumes have the unique capacity to undergo two important root endosymbioses: the root nodule symbiosis and the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. medicago truncatula is widely used to unravel the functions of genes during these root symbioses. here we describe the development of an artificial microrna (amir)-mediated gene silencing system for m. truncatula roots. | 2013 | 23679580 |
| growth and nodulation of symbiotic medicago truncatula at different levels of phosphorus availability. | medicago truncatula is an important model plant for characterization of p deficiency on leguminous plants at the physiological and molecular levels. growth optimization of this plant with regard to p supply is the first essential step for elucidation of the role of p in regulation of nodulation. hence, a study was carried out to address the growth pattern of m. truncatula hydroponically grown at different gradual increases in p levels. the findings revealed that m. truncatula had a narrow p regi ... | 2013 | 23682114 |
| pea aphid promotes amino acid metabolism both in medicago truncatula and bacteriocytes to favor aphid population growth under elevated co2. | rising atmospheric co(2) levels can dilute the nitrogen (n) resource in plant tissue, which is disadvantageous to many herbivorous insects. aphids appear to be an exception that warrants further study. the effects of elevated co(2) (750 ppm vs. 390 ppm) were evaluated on n assimilation and transamination by two medicago truncatula genotypes, a n-fixing-deficient mutant (dnf1) and its wild-type control (jemalong), with and without pea aphid (acyrthosiphon pisum) infestation. elevated co(2) increa ... | 2013 | 23686968 |
| genotype delimitation in the nod-independent model legume aeschynomene evenia. | research on the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis has been so far focused on two model legumes, medicago truncatula and lotus japonicus, which use a sophisticated infection process involving infection thread formation. however, in 25% of the legumes, the bacterial entry occurs more simply in an intercellular fashion. among them, some semi-aquatic aeschynomene species present the distinctive feature to form nitrogen-fixing nodules on both roots and stems following elicitation by photosynthetic bradyrhizo ... | 2013 | 23717496 |