Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| medicago truncatula and glycine max: different drought tolerance and similar local response of the root nodule proteome. | legume crops present important agronomical and environmental advantages mainly due to their capacity to reduce atmospheric n2 to ammonium via symbiotic nitrogen fixation (snf). this process is very sensitive to abiotic stresses such as drought, but the mechanism underlying this response is not fully understood. the goal of the current work is to compare the drought response of two legumes with high economic impact and research importance, medicago truncatula and glycine max, by characterizing th ... | 2015 | 26503705 |
| flavonoids and auxin transport inhibitors rescue symbiotic nodulation in the medicago truncatula cytokinin perception mutant cre1. | initiation of symbiotic nodules in legumes requires cytokinin signaling, but its mechanism of action is largely unknown. here, we tested whether the failure to initiate nodules in the medicago truncatula cytokinin perception mutant cre1 (cytokinin response1) is due to its altered ability to regulate auxin transport, auxin accumulation, and induction of flavonoids. we found that in the cre1 mutant, symbiotic rhizobia cannot locally alter acro- and basipetal auxin transport during nodule initiatio ... | 2015 | 26253705 |
| network of gras transcription factors involved in the control of arbuscule development in lotus japonicus. | arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi, in symbiosis with plants, facilitate acquisition of nutrients from the soil to their host. after penetration, intracellular hyphae form fine-branched structures in cortical cells termed arbuscules, representing the major site where bidirectional nutrient exchange takes place between the host plant and fungus. transcriptional mechanisms underlying this cellular reprogramming are still poorly understood. gras proteins are an important family of transcriptional re ... | 2015 | 25560877 |
| suppression of arbuscule degeneration in medicago truncatula phosphate transporter4 mutants is dependent on the ammonium transporter 2 family protein amt2;3. | during arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) symbiosis, the plant gains access to phosphate (pi) and nitrogen delivered by its fungal symbiont. transfer of mineral nutrients occurs at the interface between branched hyphae called arbuscules and root cortical cells. in medicago truncatula, a pi transporter, pt4, is required for symbiotic pi transport, and in pt4, symbiotic pi transport fails, arbuscules degenerate prematurely, and the symbiosis is not maintained. premature arbuscule degeneration (pad) is su ... | 2015 | 25841038 |
| medicago truncatula natural resistance-associated macrophage protein1 is required for iron uptake by rhizobia-infected nodule cells. | iron is critical for symbiotic nitrogen fixation (snf) as a key component of multiple ferroproteins involved in this biological process. in the model legume medicago truncatula, iron is delivered by the vasculature to the infection/maturation zone (zone ii) of the nodule, where it is released to the apoplast. from there, plasma membrane iron transporters move it into rhizobia-containing cells, where iron is used as the cofactor of multiple plant and rhizobial proteins (e.g. plant leghemoglobin a ... | 2015 | 25818701 |
| an antimicrobial peptide essential for bacterial survival in the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. | in the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between legume hosts and rhizobia, the bacteria are engulfed by a plant cell membrane to become intracellular organelles. in the model legume medicago truncatula, internalization and differentiation of sinorhizobium (also known as ensifer) meliloti is a prerequisite for nitrogen fixation. the host mechanisms that ensure the long-term survival of differentiating intracellular bacteria (bacteroids) in this unusual association are unclear. the m. truncatula defectiv ... | 2015 | 26598690 |
| a phylogenetically conserved group of nuclear factor-y transcription factors interact to control nodulation in legumes. | the endosymbiotic association between legumes and soil bacteria called rhizobia leads to the formation of a new root-derived organ called the nodule in which differentiated bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be assimilated by the host plant. successful root infection by rhizobia and nodule organogenesis require the activation of symbiotic genes that are controlled by a set of transcription factors (tfs). we recently identified medicago truncatula nuclear factor-ya1 (mtnf- ... | 2015 | 26432878 |
| hyphal branching during arbuscule development requires reduced arbuscular mycorrhiza1. | during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, arbuscule development in the root cortical cell and simultaneous deposition of the plant periarbuscular membrane generate the interface for symbiotic nutrient exchange. the transcriptional changes that accompany arbuscule development are extensive and well documented. by contrast, the transcriptional regulators that control these programs are largely unknown. here, we provide a detailed characterization of an insertion allele of medicago truncatula reduce ... | 2015 | 26511916 |
| novel mtcep1 peptides produced in vivo differentially regulate root development in medicago truncatula. | small, post-translationally modified and secreted peptides regulate diverse plant developmental processes. due to low natural abundance, it is difficult to isolate and identify these peptides. using an improved peptide isolation protocol and orbitrap mass spectrometry, nine 15-amino-acid cep peptides were identified that corresponded to the two domains encoded by medicago truncatula cep1 (mtcep1). novel arabinosylated and hydroxylated peptides were identified in root cultures overexpressing mtce ... | 2015 | 25711701 |
| phylogeny of plant calcium and calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (ccamks) and functional analyses of tomato ccamk in disease resistance. | calcium and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (ccamk) is a member of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase superfamily and is essential to microbe- plant symbiosis. to date, the distribution of ccamk gene in plants has not yet been completely understood, and its function in plant disease resistance remains unclear. in this study, we systemically identified the ccamk genes in genomes of 44 plant species in phytozome and analyzed the function of tomato ccamk (slccamk) in resistance to vari ... | 2015 | 26697034 |
| inference of longevity-related genes from a robust coexpression network of seed maturation identifies regulators linking seed storability to biotic defense-related pathways. | seed longevity, the maintenance of viability during storage, is a crucial factor for preservation of genetic resources and ensuring proper seedling establishment and high crop yield. we used a systems biology approach to identify key genes regulating the acquisition of longevity during seed maturation of medicago truncatula. using 104 transcriptomes from seed developmental time courses obtained in five growth environments, we generated a robust, stable coexpression network (matnet), thereby capt ... | 2015 | 26410298 |
| transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses identify a role for chlorophyll catabolism and phytoalexin during medicago nonhost resistance against asian soybean rust. | asian soybean rust (asr) caused by phakopsora pachyrhizi is a devastating foliar disease affecting soybean production worldwide. understanding nonhost resistance against asr may provide an avenue to engineer soybean to confer durable resistance against asr. we characterized a medicago truncatula-asr pathosystem to study molecular mechanisms of nonhost resistance. although urediniospores formed appressoria and penetrated into epidermal cells of m. truncatula, p. pachyrhizi failed to sporulate. tr ... | 2015 | 26267598 |
| genome-wide identification of camta gene family members in medicago truncatula and their expression during root nodule symbiosis and hormone treatments. | calmodulin-binding transcription activators (camtas) are well-characterized calmodulin-binding transcription factors in the plant kingdom. previous work shows that camtas play important roles in various biological processes including disease resistance, herbivore attack response, and abiotic stress tolerance. however, studies that address the function of camtas during the establishment of symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia are still lacking. this study undertook comprehensive identification ... | 2015 | 26150823 |
| the cre1 cytokinin pathway is differentially recruited depending on medicago truncatula root environments and negatively regulates resistance to a pathogen. | cytokinins are phytohormones that regulate many developmental and environmental responses. the medicago truncatula cytokinin receptor mtcre1 (cytokinin response 1) is required for the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with rhizobia. as several cytokinin signaling genes are modulated in roots depending on different biotic and abiotic conditions, we assessed potential involvement of this pathway in various root environmental responses. phenotyping of cre1 mutant roots infected by the gigaspora margarita a ... | 2015 | 25562779 |
| naturally occurring diversity helps to reveal genes of adaptive importance in legumes. | environmental changes challenge plants and drive adaptation to new conditions, suggesting that natural biodiversity may be a source of adaptive alleles acting through phenotypic plasticity and/or micro-evolution. crosses between accessions differing for a given trait have been the most common way to disentangle genetic and environmental components. interestingly, such man-made crosses may combine alleles that never meet in nature. another way to discover adaptive alleles, inspired by evolution, ... | 2015 | 25954294 |
| mining the phytomicrobiome to understand how bacterial coinoculations enhance plant growth. | in previous work, we showed that coinoculating rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 128c53 and bacillus simplex 30n-5 onto pisum sativum l. roots resulted in better nodulation and increased plant growth. we now expand this research to include another alpha-rhizobial species as well as a beta-rhizobium, burkholderia tuberum stm678. we first determined whether the rhizobia were compatible with b. simplex 30n-5 by cross-streaking experiments, and then medicago truncatula and melilotus alba were coino ... | 2015 | 26442090 |
| the small gtpase rop10 of medicago truncatula is required for both tip growth of root hairs and nod factor-induced root hair deformation. | rhizobia preferentially enter legume root hairs via infection threads, after which root hairs undergo tip swelling, branching, and curling. however, the mechanisms underlying such root hair deformation are poorly understood. here, we showed that a type ii small gtpase, rop10, of medicago truncatula is localized at the plasma membrane (pm) of root hair tips to regulate root hair tip growth. overexpression of rop10 and a constitutively active mutant (rop10ca) generated depolarized growth of root h ... | 2015 | 25794934 |
| activation of symbiosis signaling by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in legumes and rice. | establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal interactions involves plant recognition of diffusible signals from the fungus, including lipochitooligosaccharides (lcos) and chitooligosaccharides (cos). nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria that associate with leguminous plants also signal to their hosts via lcos, the so-called nod factors. here, we have assessed the induction of symbiotic signaling by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (myc) fungal-produced lcos and cos in legumes and rice (oryza sativa). we show ... | 2015 | 25724637 |
| a role for the mevalonate pathway in early plant symbiotic signaling. | rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi produce signals that are perceived by host legume receptors at the plasma membrane and trigger sustained oscillations of the nuclear and perinuclear ca(2+) concentration (ca(2+) spiking), which in turn leads to gene expression and downstream symbiotic responses. the activation of ca(2+) spiking requires the plasma membrane-localized receptor-like kinase does not make infections 2 (dmi2) as well as the nuclear cation channel dmi1. a key enzyme regulating ... | 2015 | 26199419 |
| deep sequencing of the medicago truncatula root transcriptome reveals a massive and early interaction between nodulation factor and ethylene signals. | the legume-rhizobium symbiosis is initiated through the activation of the nodulation (nod) factor-signaling cascade, leading to a rapid reprogramming of host cell developmental pathways. in this work, we combine transcriptome sequencing with molecular genetics and network analysis to quantify and categorize the transcriptional changes occurring in roots of medicago truncatula from minutes to days after inoculation with sinorhizobium medicae. to identify the nature of the inductive and regulatory ... | 2015 | 26175514 |
| the transcriptional repressor myb2 regulates both spatial and temporal patterns of proanthocyandin and anthocyanin pigmentation in medicago truncatula. | accumulation of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (pas) is limited to specific cell types and developmental stages, but little is known about how antagonistically acting transcriptional regulators work together to determine temporal and spatial patterning of pigmentation at the cellular level, especially for pas. here, we characterize myb2, a transcriptional repressor regulating both anthocyanin and pa biosynthesis in the model legume medicago truncatula. myb2 was strongly upregulated by myb5, ... | 2015 | 26410301 |
| loss of the nodule-specific cysteine rich peptide, ncr169, abolishes symbiotic nitrogen fixation in the medicago truncatula dnf7 mutant. | host compatible rhizobia induce the formation of legume root nodules, symbiotic organs within which intracellular bacteria are present in plant-derived membrane compartments termed symbiosomes. in medicago truncatula nodules, the sinorhizobium microsymbionts undergo an irreversible differentiation process leading to the development of elongated polyploid noncultivable nitrogen fixing bacteroids that convert atmospheric dinitrogen into ammonia. this terminal differentiation is directed by the hos ... | 2015 | 26401023 |
| an alternative approach to "identification of unknowns": designing a protocol to verify the identities of nitrogen fixing bacteria. | microbiology courses often include a laboratory activity on the identification of unknown microbes. this activity consists of providing students with microbial cultures and running biochemical assays to identify the organisms. this approach lacks molecular techniques such as sequencing of genes encoding 16s rrna, which is currently the method of choice for identification of unknown bacteria. a laboratory activity was developed to teach students how to identify microorganisms using 16s rrna polym ... | 2015 | 26753033 |
| the nin transcription factor coordinates diverse nodulation programs in different tissues of the medicago truncatula root. | biological nitrogen fixation in legumes occurs in nodules that are initiated in the root cortex following nod factor recognition at the root surface, and this requires coordination of diverse developmental programs in these different tissues. we show that while early nod factor signaling associated with calcium oscillations is limited to the root surface, the resultant activation of nodule inception (nin) in the root epidermis is sufficient to promote cytokinin signaling and nodule organogenesis ... | 2015 | 26672071 |
| crispr/cas mutagenesis of soybean and medicago truncatula using a new web-tool and a modified cas9 enzyme. | the crispr/cas9 system is rapidly becoming the reagent of choice for targeted mutagenesis and gene editing in crop species. there are currently intense research efforts in the crop sciences to identify efficient crispr/cas9 platforms to carry out targeted mutagenesis and gene editing projects. these efforts typically result in the incremental tweaking of various platform components including the identification of crop-specific promoters and terminators for optimal expression of the cas9 enzyme a ... | 2015 | 26479970 |
| knotted1-like homeobox 3: a new regulator of symbiotic nodule development. | knox transcription factors (tfs) regulate different aspects of plant development essentially through their effects on phytohormone metabolism. in particular, knox tf shootmeristemless activates the cytokinin biosynthesis isopentenyl transferase (ipt) genes in the shoot apical meristem. however, the role of knox tfs in symbiotic nodule development and their possible effects on phytohormone metabolism during nodulation have not been studied to date. cytokinin is a well-known regulator of nodule de ... | 2015 | 26351356 |
| multiple steps control immunity during the intracellular accommodation of rhizobia. | medicago truncatula belongs to the legume family and forms symbiotic associations with nitrogen fixing bacteria, the rhizobia. during these interactions, the plants develop root nodules in which bacteria invade the plant cells and fix nitrogen for the benefit of the plant. despite massive infection, legume nodules do not develop visible defence reactions, suggesting a special immune status of these organs. some factors influencing rhizobium maintenance within the plant cells have been previously ... | 2015 | 25682610 |
| hormonal control of lateral root and nodule development in legumes. | many plants can establish symbioses with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, some of which lead to nodulation, including legumes. indeed, in the rhizobium/legume symbiosis, new root organs, called nodules, are formed by the plant in order to host the rhizobia in protective conditions, optimized for nitrogen fixation. in this way, these plants can benefit from the reduction of atmospheric dinitrogen into ammonia by the hosted bacteria, and in exchange the plant provides the rhizobia with a carbon source. s ... | 2015 | 27135340 |
| integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics reveal enhanced specialized metabolism in medicago truncatula root border cells. | integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics of medicago truncatula seedling border cells and root tips revealed substantial metabolic differences between these distinct and spatially segregated root regions. large differential increases in oxylipin-pathway lipoxygenases and auxin-responsive transcript levels in border cells corresponded to differences in phytohormone and volatile levels compared with adjacent root tips. morphological examinations of border cells revealed the presence of signific ... | 2015 | 25667316 |
| multiple autoregulation of nodulation (aon) signals identified through split root analysis of medicago truncatula sunn and rdn1 mutants. | nodulation is energetically costly to the host: legumes balance the nitrogen demand with the energy expense by limiting the number of nodules through long-distance signaling. a split root system was used to investigate systemic autoregulation of nodulation (aon) in medicago truncatula and the role of the aon genes rdn1 and sunn in the regulatory circuit. developing nodule primordia did not trigger aon in plants carrying mutations in rdn1 and sunn genes, while wild type plants had fully induced a ... | 2015 | 27135324 |
| genome-wide identification and expression analysis of auxin response factor gene family in medicago truncatula. | auxin response factors (arfs) bind specifically to auxin response elements (auxres) in the promoters of down-stream target genes and play roles in plant responses to diverse environmental factors. using the latest updated medicago truncatula reference genome sequence, a comprehensive characterization and analysis of 24 mtarf (m. truncatula arf) genes were performed. to uncover the basic information and functions of mtarf genes during symbiosis, we analyzed the expression patterns of mtarf genes ... | 2015 | 25759704 |
| short-term molecular acclimation processes of legume nodules to increased external oxygen concentration. | nitrogenase is an oxygen labile enzyme. microaerobic conditions within the infected zone of nodules are maintained primarily by an oxygen diffusion barrier (odb) located in the nodule cortex. flexibility of the odb is important for the acclimation processes of nodules in response to changes in external oxygen concentration. the hypothesis of the present study was that there are additional molecular mechanisms involved. nodule activity of medicago truncatula plants were continuously monitored dur ... | 2015 | 26779207 |
| rhizobial peptidase hrrp cleaves host-encoded signaling peptides and mediates symbiotic compatibility. | legume-rhizobium pairs are often observed that produce symbiotic root nodules but fail to fix nitrogen. using the sinorhizobium meliloti and medicago truncatula symbiotic system, we previously described several naturally occurring accessory plasmids capable of disrupting the late stages of nodule development while enhancing bacterial proliferation within the nodule. we report here that host range restriction peptidase (hrrp), a gene found on one of these plasmids, is capable of conferring both t ... | 2015 | 26401024 |
| up-regulation of abscisic acid signaling pathway facilitates aphid xylem absorption and osmoregulation under drought stress. | the activation of the abscisic acid (aba) signaling pathway reduces water loss from plants challenged by drought stress. the effect of drought-induced aba signaling on the defense and nutrition allocation of plants is largely unknown. we postulated that these changes can affect herbivorous insects. we studied the effects of drought on different feeding stages of pea aphids in the wild-type a17 of medicago truncatula and aba signaling pathway mutant sta-1. we examined the impact of drought on pla ... | 2015 | 26546578 |
| duration and intensity of shade differentially affects mycorrhizal growth- and phosphorus uptake responses of medicago truncatula. | plant and fungal partners in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis trade mineral nutrients for carbon, with the outcome of this relationship for plant growth and nutrition being highly context-dependent and changing with the availability of resources as well as with the specific requirements of the different partners. here we studied how the model legume medicago truncatula, inoculated or not with a mycorrhizal fungus rhizophagus irregularis, responded to a gradient of light intensities applied over ... | 2015 | 25763002 |
| the strigolactone biosynthesis gene dwarf27 is co-opted in rhizobium symbiosis. | strigolactones are a class of plant hormones whose biosynthesis is activated in response to phosphate starvation. this involves several enzymes, including the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases 7 (ccd7) and ccd8 and the carotenoid isomerase dwarf27 (d27). d27 expression is known to be responsive to phosphate starvation. in medicago truncatula and rice (oryza sativa) this transcriptional response requires the gras-type proteins nsp1 and nsp2; both proteins are essential for rhizobium induced root n ... | 2015 | 26503135 |
| how grow-and-switch gravitropism generates root coiling and root waving growth responses in medicago truncatula. | experimental studies show that plant root morphologies can vary widely from straight gravity-aligned primary roots to fractal-like root architectures. however, the opaqueness of soil makes it difficult to observe how environmental factors modulate these patterns. here, we combine a transparent hydrogel growth medium with a custom built 3d laser scanner to directly image the morphology of medicago truncatula primary roots. in our experiments, root growth is obstructed by an inclined plane in the ... | 2015 | 26432881 |
| mutant: a family of mutator-like transposable elements targeting ta microsatellites in medicago truncatula. | transposable elements (tes) are mobile dna segments, abundant and dynamic in plant genomes. because their mobility can be potentially deleterious to the host, a variety of mechanisms evolved limiting that negative impact, one of them being preference for a specific target insertion site. here, we describe a family of mutator-like dna transposons in medicago truncatula targeting ta microsatellites. we identified 218 copies of mutants and an element carrying a complete orf encoding a mudra-like tr ... | 2015 | 25981486 |
| isolation of a chitinolytic bacillus licheniformis s213 strain exerting a biological control against phoma medicaginis infection. | among nine chitinase-producing strains isolated from tunisian soil, one isolate called s213 exhibited a potent chitinolytic activity. s213 strain was identified as bacillus licheniformis by api 50ch system and sequence analysis of its partial 16s ribosomal dna. chitinolytic activity was induced either by colloidal chitin or fungal cell walls, and the highest chitinase activity reached at the late stationary phase exhibiting optimal temperature and ph of 50-60 °c and ph 6.0, respectively. sds-pag ... | 2015 | 25666369 |
| a high-throughput rna interference (rnai)-based approach using hairy roots for the study of plant-rhizobia interactions. | legumes are major contributors to sustainable agriculture; their key feature is their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen through symbiotic nitrogen fixation. legumes are often recalcitrant to regeneration and transformation by agrobacterium tumefaciens; however, a. rhizogenes-mediated root transformation and composite plant generation are rapid and convenient alternatives to study root biology, including root nodule symbiosis. rna interference (rnai), coupled with a. rhizogenes-mediated root tr ... | 2015 | 25740364 |
| proteomics and metabolomics: two emerging areas for legume improvement. | the crop legumes such as chickpea, common bean, cowpea, peanut, pigeonpea, soybean, etc. are important sources of nutrition and contribute to a significant amount of biological nitrogen fixation (>20 million tons of fixed nitrogen) in agriculture. however, the production of legumes is constrained due to abiotic and biotic stresses. it is therefore imperative to understand the molecular mechanisms of plant response to different stresses and identify key candidate genes regulating tolerance which ... | 2015 | 26734026 |
| cyp72a67 catalyzes a key oxidative step in medicago truncatula hemolytic saponin biosynthesis. | in the medicago genus, triterpenic saponins are bioactive secondary metabolites constitutively synthesized in the aerial and subterranean parts of plants via the isoprenoid pathway. exploitation of saponins as pharmaceutics, agrochemicals and in the food and cosmetic industries has raised interest in identifying the enzymes involved in their synthesis. we have identified a cytochrome p450 (cyp72a67) involved in hemolytic sapogenin biosynthesis by a reverse genetic tilling approach in a medicago ... | 2015 | 26079384 |
| an in planta-expressed polyketide synthase produces (r)-mellein in the wheat pathogen parastagonospora nodorum. | parastagonospora nodorum is a pathogen of wheat that affects yields globally. previous transcriptional analysis identified a partially reducing polyketide synthase (pr-pks) gene, snog_00477 (sn477), in p. nodorum that is highly upregulated during infection of wheat leaves. disruption of the corresponding sn477 gene resulted in the loss of production of two compounds, which we identified as (r)-mellein and (r)-o-methylmellein. using a saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast heterologous expression system, ... | 2015 | 25326302 |
| itis, a bioinformatics tool for accurate identification of transposon insertion sites using next-generation sequencing data. | transposable elements constitute an important part of the genome and are essential in adaptive mechanisms. transposition events associated with phenotypic changes occur naturally or are induced in insertional mutant populations. transposon mutagenesis results in multiple random insertions and recovery of most/all the insertions is critical for forward genetics study. using genome next-generation sequencing data and appropriate bioinformatics tool, it is plausible to accurately identify transposo ... | 2015 | 25887332 |
| isolation and functional characterization of salt-stress induced rci2-like genes from medicago sativa and medicago truncatula. | salt stress is one of the most significant adverse abiotic factors, causing crop failure worldwide. so far, a number of salt stress-induced genes, and genes improving salt tolerance have been characterized in a range of plants. here, we report the isolation and characterization of a salt stress-induced medicago sativa (alfalfa) gene (msrci2a), which showed a high similarity to the yeast plasma membrane protein 3 gene (pmp3) and arabidopsis rci2a. the sequence comparisons revealed that five genes ... | 2015 | 25801273 |
| unraveling the triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis of the african shrub maesa lanceolata. | maesasaponins produced by the african shrub maesa lanceolata are oleanane-type saponins with diverse biological activities. through a combination of transcript profiling of methyl jasmonate-elicited m. lanceolata shoot cultures, functional analysis in transgenic m. lanceolata plants and the heterologous hosts medicago truncatula and saccharomyces cerevisiae, we identified three maesaponin biosynthesis genes. these include a β-amyrin synthase and two cytochrome p450s, cyp716a75 and cyp87d16, whic ... | 2015 | 25578277 |
| potential regulatory phosphorylation sites in a medicago truncatula plasma membrane proton pump implicated during early symbiotic signaling in roots. | in plants and fungi the plasma membrane proton pump generates a large proton-motive force that performs essential functions in many processes, including solute transport and the control of cell elongation. previous studies in yeast and higher plants have indicated that phosphorylation of an auto-inhibitory domain is involved in regulating pump activity. in this report we examine the medicago truncatula plasma membrane proton pump gene family, and in particular mtaha5. yeast complementation assay ... | 2015 | 26188545 |
| improving legume nodulation and cu rhizostabilization using a genetically modified rhizobia. | the rhizobia-legume interaction has been proposed as an interesting and appropriate tool for rhizostabilization of soils contaminated with heavy metals. one of the main requirements to use this symbiosis is the availability of tolerant and symbiotically effective rhizobia. the aim of this work was to improve the symbiotic properties of the arsenic-resistant wild-type strain ensifer medicae ma11 in cu-contaminated substrates. the copab genes from a cu-resistant pseudomonas fluorescens strain were ... | 2015 | 25377353 |
| maturation of nematode-induced galls in medicago truncatula is related to water status and primary metabolism modifications. | root-knot nematodes are obligatory plant parasitic worms that establish and maintain an intimate relationship with their host plants. during a compatible interaction, these nematodes induce the redifferentiation of root cells into multinucleate and hypertrophied giant cells (gcs). these metabolically active feeding cells constitute the exclusive source of nutrients for the nematode. we analyzed the modifications of water status, ionic content and accumulation of metabolites in development and ma ... | 2015 | 25617326 |
| exo70i is required for development of a sub-domain of the periarbuscular membrane during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. | in eukaryotic cells, polarized secretion mediated by exocytotic fusion of membrane vesicles with the plasma membrane is essential for spatially restricted expansion of the plasma membrane and for the delivery of molecules to specific locations at the membrane and/or cell surface. the exocyst complex is central to this process, and in yeast, regulation of the exo70 subunit influences exocytosis and cargo specificity. in contrast to yeast and mammalian cells, plants have upwards of 23 exo70 genes ... | 2015 | 26234213 |
| genome-wide identification, expression analysis of gh3 family genes in medicago truncatula under stress-related hormones and sinorhizobium meliloti infection. | auxin plays a pivotal role in the regulation of plant growth and development by controlling the expression of auxin response genes rapidly. as one of the major auxin early response gene families, gretchen hagen 3 (gh3) genes are involved in auxin homeostasis by conjugating excess auxins to amino acids. however, how gh3 genes function in environmental stresses and rhizobial infection responses in medicago truncatula are largely unknown. here, based on the latest updated m. truncatula genome, a co ... | 2015 | 25529315 |
| nanomaterials in biosolids inhibit nodulation, shift microbial community composition, and result in increased metal uptake relative to bulk/dissolved metals. | we examined the effects of amending soil with biosolids produced from a pilot-scale wastewater treatment plant containing a mixture of metal-based engineered nanomaterials (enms) on the growth of medicago truncatula, its symbiosis with sinorhizobium meliloti, and on soil microbial community structure. treatments consisted of soils amended with biosolids generated with (1) ag, zno, and tio2 enms introduced into the influent wastewater (enm biosolids), (2) agno3, zn(so4)2, and micron-sized tio2 (d ... | 2015 | 26061863 |
| from lateral root density to nodule number, the strigolactone analogue gr24 shapes the root architecture of medicago truncatula. | in the rhizosphere, strigolactones not only act as crucial signalling molecules in the communication of plants with parasitic weeds and arbuscular mycorrhiza, but they also play a key role in regulating different aspects of the root system. here we investigated how strigolactones influence the root architecture of medicago truncatula. we provide evidence that addition of the synthetic strigolactone analogue gr24 has an inhibitory effect on the lateral root density. moreover, treatment with gr24 ... | 2015 | 25371499 |
| sinorhizobium meliloti controls nitric oxide-mediated post-translational modification of a medicago truncatula nodule protein. | nitric oxide (no) is involved in various plant-microbe interactions. in the symbiosis between soil bacterium sinorhizobium meliloti and model legume medicago truncatula, no is required for an optimal establishment of the interaction but is also a signal for nodule senescence. little is known about the molecular mechanisms responsible for no effects in the legume-rhizobium interaction. here, we investigate the contribution of the bacterial no response to the modulation of a plant protein post-tra ... | 2015 | 26422404 |
| identification and analysis of medicago truncatula auxin transporter gene families uncover their roles in responses to sinorhizobium meliloti infection. | auxin transport plays a pivotal role in the interaction between legume species and nitrogen-fixing bacteria to form symbioses. auxin influx carriers auxin resistant 1/like aux 1 (aux/lax), efflux carriers pin-formed (pin) and efflux/conditional p-glycoprotein (pgp/abcb) are three major protein families participating in auxin polar transport. we used the latest medicago truncatula genome sequence to characterize and analyze the m. truncatula lax (mtlax), m. truncatula pin (mtpin) and m. truncatul ... | 2015 | 26228273 |
| toxicogenomic responses of the model legume medicago truncatula to aged biosolids containing a mixture of nanomaterials (tio₂, ag, and zno) from a pilot wastewater treatment plant. | toxicogenomic responses in medicago truncatula a17 were monitored following exposure to biosolids-amended soils. treatments included biosolids produced using a pilot wastewater treatment plant with either no metal introduced into the influent (control); bulk/ionic tio2, zno, and agno3 added to influent (bulk/dissolved treatment); or ag, zno, and tio2 engineered nanomaterials added to influent (enm treatment) and then added to soil, which was aged in the field for 6 months. in our companion study ... | 2015 | 26065335 |
| transcriptomic analysis of sinorhizobium meliloti and medicago truncatula symbiosis using nitrogen fixation-deficient nodules. | the bacterium sinorhizobium meliloti interacts symbiotically with legume plant hosts such as medicago truncatula to form nitrogen-fixing root nodules. during symbiosis, plant and bacterial cells differentiate in a coordinated manner, resulting in specialized plant cells that contain nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. both plant and bacterial genes are required at each developmental stage of symbiosis. we analyzed gene expression in nodules formed by wild-type bacteria on six plant mutants with defects ... | 2015 | 25844838 |
| identification of nodule-specific cysteine-rich plant peptides in endosymbiotic bacteria. | the symbiosis of medicago truncatula with sinorhizobium meliloti or sinorhizobium medicae soil bacteria results in the formation of root nodules where bacteria inside the plant cells are irreversibly converted to polyploid, nondividing nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. bacteroid differentiation is host-controlled and the plant effectors are symbiosis-specific secreted plant peptides. in the m. truncatula genome there are more than 600 symbiotic peptide genes including 500 small genes coding for nodule ... | 2015 | 25690539 |
| gate crashing arbuscular mycorrhizas: in vivo imaging shows the extensive colonization of both symbionts by trichoderma atroviride. | plant growth-promoting fungi include strains of trichoderma species that are used in biocontrol, and arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi, that enhance plant nutrition and stress resistance. the concurrent interaction of plants with these two groups of fungi affects crop performance but has only been occasionally studied so far. using in vivo imaging of green fluorescent protein-tagged lines, we investigated the cellular interactions occurring between trichoderma atroviride pki1, medicago truncatul ... | 2015 | 25346536 |
| identification of a molecular dialogue between developing seeds of medicago truncatula and seedborne xanthomonads. | plant pathogenic bacteria disseminate and survive mainly in association with seeds. this study addresses whether seeds are passive carriers or engage a molecular dialogue with pathogens during their development. we developed two pathosystems using medicago truncatula with xanthomonas alfalfae subsp. alfalfae (xaa), the natural medicago sp. pathogen and xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (xcc), a brassicaceae pathogen. three days after flower inoculation, the transcriptome of xcc-infected pods ... | 2015 | 25922487 |
| assessment of ustilago maydis as a fungal model for root infection studies. | ustilago maydis is a fungus infecting aerial parts of maize to form smutted galls. due to its interest as a genetic tool in plant pathology, we evaluated its ability to penetrate into plant roots. the fungus can penetrate between epidermic root cells, forming inter and intracellular pseudohyphae. root infection didn't provoke gall formation on the maize lines tested, and targeted pcr detection showed that u. maydis, unlike the other maize smut fungus sporisorium reilianum, has a weak aptitude to ... | 2015 | 25749366 |
| cryptic virulence and avirulence alleles revealed by controlled sexual recombination in pea aphids. | although aphids are worldwide crop pests, little is known about aphid effector genes underlying virulence and avirulence. here we show that controlling the genetics of both aphid and host can reveal novel recombinant genotypes with previously undetected allelic variation in both virulence and avirulence functions. clonal f1 progeny populations were derived from reciprocal crosses and self-matings between two parental genotypes of pea aphid (acyrthosiphon pisum) differing in virulence on a medica ... | 2015 | 25519896 |
| plant stomatal closure improves aphid feeding under elevated co2. | stomata help plants regulate co2 absorption and water vapor release in response to various environmental changes, and plants decrease their stomatal apertures and enhance their water status under elevated co2 . although the bottom-up effect of elevated co2 on insect performance has been extensively studied, few reports have considered how insect fitness is altered by elevated co2 -induced changes in host plant water status. we tested the hypothesis that aphids induce stomatal closure and increas ... | 2015 | 25581722 |
| multiplex staining of 2-de gels for an initial phosphoproteome analysis of germinating seeds and early grown seedlings from a non-orthodox specie: quercus ilex l. subsp. ballota [desf.] samp. | as a preliminary step in the phosphoproteome analysis of germinating seeds (0 and 24 h after seed imbibition) and early grown seedlings (216 h after seed imbibition) from a non-orthodox sp. quercus ilex, a multiplex (sypro-ruby and pro-q dps) staining of high-resolution 2-de gels was used. by using this protocol it was possible to detect changes in protein-abundance and/or phosphorylation status. this simple approach could be a good complementary alternative to the enrichment protocols used in t ... | 2015 | 26322061 |
| development of primer pairs from diverse chloroplast genomes for use in plant phylogenetic research. | variation in the chloroplast dna sequence is useful for plant phylogenetic studies. however, the number of variable sequences provided by chloroplast dna for suggested genes or genomic regions in plant phylogenetic analyses is often inadequate. to identify conserved regions that can be used to design primers and amplify variable sequences for use in plant phylogenetic studies, the complete chloroplast genomic sequences of six plant species (including oryza sativa, arabidopsis thaliana, glycine m ... | 2015 | 26600547 |
| an ontology approach to comparative phenomics in plants. | plant phenotype datasets include many different types of data, formats, and terms from specialized vocabularies. because these datasets were designed for different audiences, they frequently contain language and details tailored to investigators with different research objectives and backgrounds. although phenotype comparisons across datasets have long been possible on a small scale, comprehensive queries and analyses that span a broad set of reference species, research disciplines, and knowledg ... | 2015 | 25774204 |
| genetic control of inflorescence architecture in legumes. | the architecture of the inflorescence, the shoot system that bears the flowers, is a main component of the huge diversity of forms found in flowering plants. inflorescence architecture has also a strong impact on the production of fruits and seeds, and on crop management, two highly relevant agronomical traits. elucidating the genetic networks that control inflorescence development, and how they vary between different species, is essential to understanding the evolution of plant form and to bein ... | 2015 | 26257753 |
| plant omics data center: an integrated web repository for interspecies gene expression networks with nlp-based curation. | comprehensive integration of large-scale omics resources such as genomes, transcriptomes and metabolomes will provide deeper insights into broader aspects of molecular biology. for better understanding of plant biology, we aim to construct a next-generation sequencing (ngs)-derived gene expression network (gen) repository for a broad range of plant species. so far we have incorporated information about 745 high-quality mrna sequencing (mrna-seq) samples from eight plant species (arabidopsis thal ... | 2015 | 25505034 |
| global transcriptome analysis profiles metabolic pathways in traditional herb astragalus membranaceus bge. var. mongolicus (bge.) hsiao. | astragalus membranaceus bge. var. mongolicus (bge.) hsiao (a. mongolicus, family leguminosae) is one of the most important traditional chinese herbs. among many secondary metabolites it produces, the effective bioactive constituents include isoflavonoids and triterpene saponins. the genomic resources regarding the biosynthesis of these metabolites in a. mongolicus are limited. although roots are the primary material harvested for medical use, the biosynthesis of the bioactive compounds and its r ... | 2015 | 26099797 |
| advances in the understanding of cuticular waxes in arabidopsis thaliana and crop species. | the aerial parts of plants are covered with a cuticle, a hydrophobic layer consisting of cutin polyester and cuticular waxes that protects them from various environmental stresses. cuticular waxes mainly comprise very long chain fatty acids and their derivatives such as aldehydes, alkanes, secondary alcohols, ketones, primary alcohols, and wax esters that are also important raw materials for the production of lubricants, adhesives, cosmetics, and biofuels. the major function of cuticular waxes i ... | 2015 | 25693495 |
| an assessment of engineered calcium oxalate crystal formation on plant growth and development as a step toward evaluating its use to enhance plant defense. | the establishment of new approaches to control chewing insects has been sought not only for direct use in reducing crop loss but also in managing resistance to the pesticides already in use. engineered formation of calcium oxalate crystals is a potential strategy that could be developed to fulfill both these needs. as a step toward this development, this study investigates the effects of transforming a non-calcium oxalate crystal accumulating plant, arabidopsis thaliana, into a crystal accumulat ... | 2015 | 26517544 |
| genome-wide analysis of alternative splicing landscapes modulated during plant-virus interactions in brachypodium distachyon. | in eukaryotes, alternative splicing (as) promotes transcriptome and proteome diversity. the extent of genome-wide as changes occurring during a plant-microbe interaction is largely unknown. here, using high-throughput, paired-end rna sequencing, we generated an isoform-level spliceome map of brachypodium distachyon infected with panicum mosaic virus and its satellite virus. overall, we detected ∼44,443 transcripts in b. distachyon, ∼30% more than those annotated in the reference genome. expressi ... | 2015 | 25634987 |
| acquisition and loss of desiccation tolerance in seeds: from experimental model to biological relevance. | besides being an important model to study desiccation tolerance, the induction of desiccation tolerance in germinated seeds may also play an ecological role in seedling establishment. desiccation tolerance (dt) is the ability of certain organisms to survive extreme water losses without accumulation of lethal damage. this was a key feature in the conquering of dry land and is currently found in all taxa including bacteria, fungi, roundworms and plants. not surprisingly, studies in various fields ... | 2015 | 25567203 |
| abscisic acid: hidden architect of root system structure. | plants modulate root growth in response to changes in the local environment, guided by intrinsic developmental genetic programs. the hormone abscisic acid (aba) mediates responses to different environmental factors, such as the presence of nitrate in the soil, water stress and salt, shaping the structure of the root system by regulating the production of lateral roots as well as controlling root elongation by modulating cell division and elongation. curiously, aba controls different aspects of r ... | 2015 | 27135341 |
| a conserved role for the nam/mir164 developmental module reveals a common mechanism underlying carpel margin fusion in monocarpous and syncarpous eurosids. | the majority of angiosperms are syncarpous- their gynoecium is composed of two or more fused carpels. in arabidopsis thaliana, this fusion is regulated through the balance of expression between cup shaped cotyledon (cuc) genes, which are orthologs of the petunia hybrida transcription factor no apical meristem (nam), and their post-transcriptional regulator mir164. accordingly, the expression of a mir164-insensitive form of a. thaliana cuc2 causes a radical breakdown of carpel fusion. here, we in ... | 2015 | 26793217 |
| large-scale transcriptome analysis in faba bean (vicia faba l.) under ascochyta fabae infection. | faba bean is an important food crop worldwide. however, progress in faba bean genomics lags far behind that of model systems due to limited availability of genetic and genomic information. using the illumina platform the faba bean transcriptome from leaves of two lines (29h and vf136) subjected to ascochyta fabae infection have been characterized. de novo transcriptome assembly provided a total of 39,185 different transcripts that were functionally annotated, and among these, 13,266 were assigne ... | 2015 | 26267359 |
| abscisic acid promotes pre-emergence stages of lateral root development in medicago truncatula. | the plant root system is important for plant anchorage and nutrition. among the different characteristics of the root system, root branching is a major factor of plasticity and adaptation to changing environments. indeed, many biotic and abiotic stresses, such as drought or symbiotic interactions, influence root branching. many studies concerning root development and root branching were performed on the model plant arabidopsis thaliana, but this model plant has a very simplified root structure a ... | 2015 | 25517945 |
| primary transcripts of micrornas encode regulatory peptides. | micrornas (mirnas) are small regulatory rna molecules that inhibit the expression of specific target genes by binding to and cleaving their messenger rnas or otherwise inhibiting their translation into proteins. mirnas are transcribed as much larger primary transcripts (pri-mirnas), the function of which is not fully understood. here we show that plant pri-mirnas contain short open reading frame sequences that encode regulatory peptides. the pri-mir171b of medicago truncatula and the pri-mir165a ... | 2015 | 25807486 |
| repression of as2 by wox family transcription factors is required for leaf development in medicago and arabidopsis. | wox transcription factors are key regulators of meristematic activity in plants. the medicago wox gene, stf, functions in maintenance of leaf marginal meristem, analogous to the function of wus in the shoot apical meristem. both stf and wus directly repress as2 expression in their respective domains. ectopic expression of as2 with wus promoter leads to a narrow leaf phenotype and other phenotypes similar to the wus mutant. we also found that a wox1 prs wus triple mutant produces much narrower le ... | 2015 | 25807065 |
| sub-lethal levels of electric current elicit the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites. | many secondary metabolites that are normally undetectable or in low amounts in healthy plant tissue are synthesized in high amounts in response to microbial infection. various abiotic and biotic agents have been shown to mimic microorganisms and act as elicitors of the synthesis of these plant compounds. in the present study, sub-lethal levels of electric current are shown to elicit the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in transgenic and non-transgenic plant tissue. the production of the phy ... | 2015 | 18331050 |
| iridoid synthase activity is common among the plant progesterone 5β-reductase family. | catharanthus roseus, the madagascar periwinkle, synthesizes bioactive monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, including the anti-cancer drugs vinblastine and vincristine. the monoterpenoid branch of the alkaloid pathway leads to the secoiridoid secologanin and involves the enzyme iridoid synthase (is), a member of the progesterone 5β-reductase (p5βr) family. is reduces 8-oxogeranial to iridodial. through transcriptome mining, we show that is belongs to a family of six c. roseus p5βr genes. characterizat ... | 2015 | 25578278 |
| genetic control of flowering time in legumes. | the timing of flowering, and in particular the degree to which it is responsive to the environment, is a key factor in the adaptation of a given species to various eco-geographic locations and agricultural practices. flowering time variation has been documented in many crop legumes, and selection for specific variants has permitted significant expansion and improvement in cultivation, from prehistoric times to the present day. recent advances in legume genomics have accelerated the process of ge ... | 2015 | 25914700 |
| non-plastidic, tyrosine-insensitive prephenate dehydrogenases from legumes. | l-tyrosine (tyr) and its plant-derived natural products are essential in both plants and humans. in plants, tyr is generally assumed to be synthesized in the plastids via arogenate dehydrogenase (tyra(a), also known also adh), which is strictly inhibited by l-tyr. using phylogenetic and expression analyses, together with recombinant enzyme and endogenous activity assays, we identified prephenate dehydrogenases (tyra(p)s, also known as pdhs) from two legumes, glycine max (soybean) and medicago tr ... | 2015 | 25402771 |
| genome-wide analysis of the basic leucine zipper (bzip) transcription factor gene family in six legume genomes. | plant bzip proteins characteristically harbor a highly conserved bzip domain with two structural features: a dna-binding basic region and a leucine (leu) zipper dimerization region. they have been shown to be diverse transcriptional regulators, playing crucial roles in plant development, physiological processes, and biotic/abiotic stress responses. despite the availability of six completely sequenced legume genomes, a comprehensive investigation of bzip family members in legumes has yet to be pr ... | 2015 | 26651343 |
| no evidence for fabaceae gametophytic self-incompatibility being determined by rosaceae, solanaceae, and plantaginaceae s-rnase lineage genes. | fabaceae species are important in agronomy and livestock nourishment. they have a long breeding history, and most cultivars have lost self-incompatibility (si), a genetic barrier to self-fertilization. nevertheless, to improve legume crop breeding, crosses with wild si relatives of the cultivated varieties are often performed. therefore, it is fundamental to characterize fabaceae si system(s). we address the hypothesis of fabaceae gametophytic (g)si being rnase based, by recruiting the same s-rn ... | 2015 | 26032621 |
| quantification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal dna in roots: how important is material preservation? | monitoring populations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in roots is a pre-requisite for improving our understanding of amf ecology and functioning of the symbiosis in natural conditions. among other approaches, quantification of fungal dna in plant tissues by quantitative real-time pcr is one of the advanced techniques with a great potential to process large numbers of samples and to deliver truly quantitative information. its application potential would greatly increase if the samples coul ... | 2015 | 25186648 |
| investigation of genes encoding calcineurin b-like protein family in legumes and their expression analyses in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.). | calcium ion (ca2+) is a ubiquitous second messenger that transmits various internal and external signals including stresses and, therefore, is important for plants' response process. calcineurin b-like proteins (cbls) are one of the plant calcium sensors, which sense and convey the changes in cytosolic ca2+-concentration for response process. a search in four leguminous plant (soybean, medicago truncatula, common bean and chickpea) genomes identified 9 to 15 genes in each species that encode cbl ... | 2015 | 25853855 |
| synteny analysis in rosids with a walnut physical map reveals slow genome evolution in long-lived woody perennials. | mutations often accompany dna replication. since there may be fewer cell cycles per year in the germlines of long-lived than short-lived angiosperms, the genomes of long-lived angiosperms may be diverging more slowly than those of short-lived angiosperms. here we test this hypothesis. | 2015 | 26383694 |
| genetic mapping of legume orthologs reveals high conservation of synteny between lentil species and the sequenced genomes of medicago and chickpea. | lentil (lens culinaris medik.) is a global food crop with increasing importance for food security in south asia and other regions. lens ervoides, a wild relative of cultivated lentil, is an important source of agronomic trait variation. lens is a member of the galegoid clade of the papilionoideae family, which includes other important dietary legumes such as chickpea (cicer arietinum) and pea (pisum sativum), and the sequenced model legume medicago truncatula. understanding the genetic structure ... | 2014 | 25538716 |
| diverse functional evolution of serine decarboxylases: identification of two novel acetaldehyde synthases that uses hydrophobic amino acids as substrates. | type ii pyridoxal 5'-phosphate decarboxylases are an important group of phylogenetically diverse enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism. within plants, this group of enzymes is represented by aromatic amino acid decarboxylases, glutamate decarboxylases and serine decarboxylases. additional evolutionary divergence of plant aromatic amino acid decarboxylases has resulted in further subcategories with distinct substrate specificities and enzymatic activities. despite shared homology, no such evo ... | 2014 | 25230835 |
| mapping and identification of a cicer arietinum nsp2 gene involved in nodulation pathway. | for the first time the putative nsp2 gene in chickpea has been identified using pairs of nils differing for the rn1 / rn1 nodulation gene that was located in lg5 of chickpea genetic map. an intraspecific cross between the mutant non-nodulating genotype pm233, carrying the recessive gene rn1, and the wild-type ca2139 was used to develop two pairs of near-isogenic lines (nils) for nodulation in chickpea. these pairs of nils were characterized using sequence tagged microsatellite site (stms) marker ... | 2014 | 24247237 |
| the pgip family in soybean and three other legume species: evidence for a birth-and-death model of evolution. | polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (pgips) are leucine-rich repeat (lrr) plant cell wall glycoproteins involved in plant immunity. they are typically encoded by gene families with a small number of gene copies whose evolutionary origin has been poorly investigated. here we report the complete characterization of the full complement of the pgip family in soybean (glycine max [l.] merr.) and the characterization of the genomic region surrounding the pgip family in four legume species. | 2014 | 25034494 |
| genome duplication and gene loss affect the evolution of heat shock transcription factor genes in legumes. | whole-genome duplication events (polyploidy events) and gene loss events have played important roles in the evolution of legumes. here we show that the vast majority of hsf gene duplications resulted from whole genome duplication events rather than tandem duplication, and significant differences in gene retention exist between species. by searching for intraspecies gene colinearity (microsynteny) and dating the age distributions of duplicated genes, we found that genome duplications accounted fo ... | 2014 | 25047803 |
| molecular evolution of the hd-zip i gene family in legume genomes. | homeodomain leucine zipper i (hd-zip i) genes were used to increase the plasticity of plants by mediating external signals and regulating growth in response to environmental conditions. the way genomic histories drove the evolution of the hd-zip i family in legume species was described; hd-zip i genes were searched in lotus japonicus, medicago truncatula, cajanus cajan and phaseolus vulgaris, and then divided into five clades through phylogenetic analysis. microsynteny analysis was made based on ... | 2014 | 24095777 |
| the soybean (glycine max) nodulation-suppressive cle peptide, gmric1, functions interspecifically in common white bean (phaseolus vulgaris), but not in a supernodulating line mutated in the receptor pvnark. | legume plants regulate the number of nitrogen-fixing root nodules they form via a process called the autoregulation of nodulation (aon). despite being one of the most economically important and abundantly consumed legumes, little is known about the aon pathway of common bean (phaseolus vulgaris). we used comparative- and functional-genomic approaches to identify central components in the aon pathway of common bean. this includes identifying pvnark, which encodes a lrr receptor kinase that acts t ... | 2014 | 25040127 |
| generation of expressed sequence tags under cadmium stress for gene discovery and development of molecular markers in chickpea. | chickpea is the world's third most important legume crop and belongs to fabaceae family but suffered from severe yield loss due to various biotic and abiotic stresses. development of modern genomic tools such as molecular markers and identification of resistant genes associated with these stresses facilitate improvement in chickpea breeding towards abiotic stress tolerance. in this study, 1597 high-quality expressed sequence tags (ests) were generated from a cdna library of variety pusa 1105 roo ... | 2014 | 24414095 |
| iridoid synthase activity is common among the plant progesterone 5β-reductase family. | catharanthus roseus, the madagascar periwinkle, synthesizes bioactive monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, among which the anti-cancer drugs vinblastine and vincristine. the monoterpenoid branch of the alkaloid pathway leads to the secoiridoid secologanin and involves the enzyme iridoid synthase (is), a member of the progesterone 5β-reductase (p5βr) family. is reduces 8-oxogeranial to iridodial. through transcriptome mining, we show that is belongs to a family of six c. roseus p5βr genes. characteris ... | 2014 | 25239067 |
| transcriptional regulation of early embryo development in the model legume medicago truncatula. | cultivated legumes account for more than a quarter of primary crop production worldwide. the protein- and oil-rich seed of cultivated legumes provides around one-third of the protein in the average human diet, with soybeans (glycine max (l.) merr) being the single largest source of vegetable oil. despite their critical importance to human and animal nutrition, we lack an understanding of how early seed development in legumes is orchestrated at the transcriptional level. we developed a method to ... | 2014 | 24258241 |
| genome-wide determination of poly(a) sites in medicago truncatula: evolutionary conservation of alternative poly(a) site choice. | alternative polyadenylation (apa) plays an important role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. little is known about how apa sites may evolve in homologous genes in different plant species. to this end, comparative studies of apa sites in different organisms are needed. in this study, a collection of poly(a) sites in medicago truncatula, a model system for legume plants, has been generated and compared with apa sites in arabidopsis thaliana. | 2014 | 25048171 |
| overexpression of medicago svp genes causes floral defects and delayed flowering in arabidopsis but only affects floral development in medicago. | the mads-domain transcription factor short vegetative phase plays a key role as a repressor of the transition to flowering and as a regulator of early floral development in arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis). however, no flowering-time repressors have been functionally identified in the model legume medicago truncatula (medicago). in this study, phylogenetic analysis of two closely-related mtsvp-like sequences, mtsvp1 and mtsvp2, showed that their predicted proteins clustered together within the ... | 2014 | 24249713 |