Publications

a phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast genomes elucidates the relationships of the six economically important brassica species comprising the triangle of u.	the brassica genus comprises many economically important worldwide cultivated crops. the well-established model of the brassica genus, u's triangle, consists of three basic diploid plant species (brassica rapa, brassica oleracea, and brassica nigra) and three amphidiploid species (brassica napus, brassica juncea, and brassica carinata) that arose through interspecific hybridizations. despite being extensively studied because of its commercial relevance, several aspects of the origin of the brass ...	2017	28210266
advances on the determination of thresholds of cu phytotoxicity in field-contaminated soils in central chile.	to better determine phytotoxicity thresholds for metals in the soil, studies should use actual field-contaminated soil samples rather than metal-spiked soil preparations. however, there are surprisingly few such data available for cu phytotoxicity in field-contaminated soils. moreover, these studies differ from each other with regards to soil characteristics and experimental setups. this study aimed at more accurately estimating cu phytotoxicity thresholds using field-collected agricultural soil ...	2017	28131477
evaluation of biochar amended biosolids co-composting to improve the nutrient transformation and its correlation as a function for the production of nutrient-rich compost.	the influence of biochar amended dewatered fresh sewage sludge (dfss)-wheat straw co-composting on nutrients transformation and end products quality was investigated. this is the first study to examine the biochar applied compost quality with different kgha(-1) tkn on brassica rapa l. growth. seven mixtures were composted over 8-weeks period in 130-l reactor using the same dfss with different concentration of biochar (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 12% and 18% on dry weight basis) and without additive added tr ...	2017	28169083
cold acclimation alters dna methylation patterns and confers tolerance to heat and increases growth rate in brassica rapa.		2017	28158841
chemical variability and biological activities of brassica rapa var. rapifera parts essential oils depending on geographic variation and extraction technique.	in the present work, the brassica rapa var. rapifera parts essential oils and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were investigated for the first time depending on geographic origin and extraction technique. gc and gc-ms analyses showed several constituents, including alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, norisoprenoids, terpenic, nitrogen and sulphur compounds, totalizing 38 and 41 compounds in leaves and root essential oils, respectively. nitrogen compounds were the main volatiles i ...	2017	28145061
herbivore-induced plant volatiles accurately predict history of coexistence, diet breadth, and feeding mode of herbivores.	herbivore-induced plant volatiles (hipvs) serve as specific cues to higher trophic levels. novel, exotic herbivores entering native foodwebs may disrupt the infochemical network as a result of changes in hipv profiles. here, we analysed hipv blends of native brassica rapa plants infested with one of 10 herbivore species with different coexistence histories, diet breadths and feeding modes. partial least squares (pls) models were fitted to assess whether hipv blends emitted by dutch b. rapa diffe ...	2017	28134434
genome-wide expression profiling of aquaporin genes confer responses to abiotic and biotic stresses in brassica rapa.	plants contain a range of aquaporin (aqp) proteins, which act as transporter of water and nutrient molecules through living membranes. aqps also participate in water uptake through the roots and contribute to water homeostasis in leaves.	2017	28122509
genome-wide identification, evolution and expression analysis of ring finger protein genes in brassica rapa.	more and more ring finger genes were found to be implicated in various important biological processes. in the present study, a total of 731 ring domains in 715 predicted proteins were identified in brassica rapa genome (aa, 2n = 20), which were further divided into eight types: ring-h2 (371), ring-hca (215), ring-hcb (47), ring-v (44), ring-c2 (38), ring-d (10), ring-s/t (5) and ring-g (1). the 715 ring finger proteins were further classified into 51 groups according to the presence of additiona ...	2017	28094809
protective effect of chitosan on photosynthesis and antioxidative defense system in edible rape (brassica rapa l.) in the presence of cadmium.	chitosan (cts) induces plant tolerance against several abiotic stresses, including salinity and drought exposure. however, the role of cts in cadmium (cd)-induced stress amelioration is largely unknown. in the present study, a hydroponic pot experiment was conducted to study the roles of cts with different molecular weight (mw) (10kda，5kda and 1kda) in alleviating cd toxicity in edible rape (brassica rapa l .). the results showed that cd stress significantly decreased plant growth, leaf chloroph ...	2017	28081489
identification of ssr markers closely linked to the yellow seed coat color gene in heading chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis).	research on the yellow-seeded variety of heading chinese cabbage will aid in broadening its germplasm resources and lay a foundation for aa genome research in brassica crops. here, an f2 segregating population of 1575 individuals was constructed from two inbred lines (brown-seeded '92s105' and yellow-seeded '91-125'). this population was used to identify the linkage molecular markers of the yellow seed coat trait using simple sequence repeat (ssr) techniques combined with a bulk segregant analys ...	2017	28069590
genomic inferences of domestication events are corroborated by written records in brassica rapa.	demographic modeling is often used with population genomic data to infer the relationships and ages among populations. however, relatively few analyses are able to validate these inferences with independent data. here, we leverage written records that describe distinct brassica rapa crops to corroborate demographic models of domestication. brassica rapa crops are renowned for their outstanding morphological diversity, but the relationships and order of domestication remains unclear. we generated ...	2017	28371014
genome-wide identification, evolution, and expression analysis of the atp-binding cassette transporter gene family in brassica rapa.	atp-binding cassette (abc) proteins can act as transporters of different substrates across biological membranes by hydrolyzing atp. however, little information is available about abc transporters in brassica rapa, an important leafy vegetable. in the present study, we carried out genome-wide identification, characterization and molecular evolution analyses of abc gene family in b. rapa and 9 other plant species. a total of 179 b. rapa abc genes (braabcs) were identified. among them, 173 braabcs ...	2017	28367152
population structure and phylogenetic relationships in a diverse panel of brassica rapa l.	the crop species brassica rapa l. has significant economic importance around the world. however, the global distribution and complex evolutionary history of the species has made investigating its genetic population structure difficult. crop domestication and improvement has resulted in extreme phenotypic diversity and subspecies that are used for oilseed, food for human consumption, and fodder for livestock. these subspecies include the oilseed morphotypes. oleifera (turnip rape), ssp. dichotoma ...	2017	28348571
impact of different feedstocks derived biochar amendment with cadmium low uptake affinity cultivar of pak choi (brassica rapa ssb. chinensis l.) on phytoavoidation of cd to reduce potential dietary toxicity.	biochar has become eco-friendly amendment used for phytoavoidation with low cadmium (cd) accumulating cultivars of crops to ensure food safety in cd contaminated soils. in this study, biochar with different waste feedstock material were evaluated for their effectiveness on essential trace metals mobility, cd bioavailability and its accumulation in two contrasting cd accumulating cultivars of pak choi (brassica rapa ssp. chinensis l.) grown in cd contaminated mollisol soil. a greenhouse experimen ...	2017	28324819
real-time divergent evolution in plants driven by pollinators.	pollinator-driven diversification is thought to be a major source of floral variation in plants. our knowledge of this process is, however, limited to indirect assessments of evolutionary changes. here, we employ experimental evolution with fast cycling brassica rapa plants to demonstrate adaptive evolution driven by different pollinators. our study shows pollinator-driven divergent selection as well as divergent evolution in plant traits. plants pollinated by bumblebees evolved taller size and ...	2017	28291771
cadmium disrupts the balance between hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical by regulating endogenous hydrogen sulfide in the root tip of brassica rapa.	cd (cadmium) stress always alters the homeostasis of ros (reactive oxygen species) including h2o2 (hydrogen sulfide) and [formula: see text] (superoxide radical), leading to the oxidative injury and growth inhibition in plants. in addition to triggering oxidative injury, ros has been suggested as important regulators modulating root elongation. however, whether and how cd stress induces the inhibition of root elongation by differentially regulating endogenous h2o2 and [formula: see text], rather ...	2017	28270829
comprehensive analysis of the cdpk-snrk superfamily genes in chinese cabbage and its evolutionary implications in plants.	the cdpk-snrk (calcium-dependent protein kinase/snf1-related protein kinase) gene superfamily plays important roles in signaling pathways for disease resistance and various stress responses, as indicated by emerging evidence. in this study, we constructed comparative analyses of gene structure, retention, expansion, whole-genome duplication (wgd) and expression patterns of cdpk-snrk genes in brassica rapa and their evolution in plants. a total of 49 brcpks, 14 brcrks, 3 brppcks, 5 brpeprks, and ...	2017	28239387
selective modes determine evolutionary rates, gene compactness, and expression patterns in brassica.	it has been well documented that most nuclear protein-coding genes in organisms can be classified into two categories, i.e., positively selected genes (psgs) and negatively selected genes (nsgs). the characteristics and evolutionary fates of different types of genes, however, have been poorly understood. in this study, the rates of nonsynonymous substitution (ka) and the synonymous substitution (ks) were investigated by comparing the orthologs between the two sequenced brassica species, brassica ...	2017	28332757
a new traf-like protein from b. oleracea ssp. botrytis with lectin activity and its effect on macrophages.	lectins are involved in a wide range of biological mechanisms, like immunomodulatory agent able to activate the innate immunity. in this study, we purified and characterized a new lectin from cauliflower (brassica oleracea ssp. botrytis - bol) by three sequential chromatographic steps and confirmed the purity by sds-page. additionally, we evaluated the role of the lectin in innate immunity by a phagocytosis assay, production of h2o2 and no. bol was characterized like a non-glycosylated protein t ...	2017	27771409
imi resistance associated to crop-weed hybridization in a natural brassica rapa population: characterization and fate.	wild turnip (brassica rapa) is a common weed and a close relative to oilseed rape (brassica napus). the clearfield® production system is a highly adopted tool which provides an alternative solution for weed management, but its efficiency is threatened by gene transfer from crop to weed relatives. crop-weed hybrids with herbicide resistance were found in the progeny of a b. rapa population gathered from a weedy stand on the borders of an oilseed rape (b. napus) imidazolinone (imi)-resistant crop. ...	2017	28185156
gene conversion events and variable degree of homogenization of rdna loci in cultivars of brassica napus.	brassica napus (aacc, 2n = 38, oilseed rape) is a relatively recent allotetraploid species derived from the putative progenitor diploid species brassica rapa (aa, 2n = 20) and brassica oleracea (cc, 2n = 18). to determine the influence of intensive breeding conditions on the evolution of its genome, we analysed structure and copy number of rdna in 21 cultivars of b. napus, representative of genetic diversity.	2017	27707747
a comparative study of the seed structure between resynthesized allotetraploid and their diploid parents.	brassicaceae is at the forefront of evolution because of its frequent hybridization. hybridization is responsible for the induction of widespread genetic and phenotype changes, making it important in agricultural production. in this study, we obtained resynthesized allotetraploid brassica napus by performing interspecific crossing of b. rapa × b. oleracea combined with embryo rescue. we applied light microscopy and electronic microscopy to analyze the microstructure and ultrastructure of seeds o ...	2017	27542083
effects of aqueous extract of turnip leaf (brassica rapa) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.	turnip leaf has been used in folk medicine of iran for the treatment of diabetes. however,so far no scientific study has been done to support its use in traditional medicine. the present study was carried out to evaluate the possible hypoglycemic efficacy of aqueous extract of turnip leaf (aetl) in diabetic rats.	2017	25949956
effects of endogenous salicylic acid during calcium deficiency-induced tipburn in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis).	by cultivating tipburn-susceptible plants in modified hoagland's medium containing of gradient exogenous calcium (ca(2+)), we have shown that ca(2+) deficiency is one of the main causes of tipburn in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l. ssp. pekinensis). the effect of endogenous plant ca(2+) concentrations on tipburn was also studied in a doubled haploid (dh) population consisting of 100 individuals, but no correlation was found. we then examined the expression of 12 ca(2+) transporter genes that f ...	2017	27182106
nutrient status and phytotoxicity analysis of goat manure discharged from farms in south korea.	the present study evaluated the phytotoxicity effect of goat manure (gm) collected from six different regions in south korea, namely, chupungnyeong (t1), hoengseong (t2), goesan (t3), sancheong (t4), jangsu (t5) and namwon (t6). phytotoxicity was assessed by means of the analysis of germination index (gi), relative seed germination (rsg), relative root elongation (rre) and vigor index (vi) using five commercial crop varieties, namely, sesame (sesamum indicum l.), chrysanthemum (chrysanthemum ind ...	2017	27654710
heavy metals in sludge during anaerobic sanitary landfill: speciation transformation and phytotoxicity.	sanitary landfill persists as a predominant sludge disposal method in particular in china. in this study, successive subsurface sludge samples (0.3 m deep) were collected from a bioreactor landfill unit where an anaerobic process took place during a 500 d period. the sludge samples were analyzed for total concentrations of cadmium (cd), chromium (cr), copper (cu), nickel (ni), lead (pb) and zinc (zn) and their species distributions, together with selected sludge chemical properties. in addition, ...	2017	28011427
analysis of dna hydroxymethylation using colorimetric assay.	hydroxymethylcytosine (hmc or 5-hmc) is a nitrogen base occurring as a result of cytosine methylation followed by replacing a methyl group with a hydroxyl group through active oxidation. 5-hmc is considered to be one of the forms of epigenetic modification and is suggested as an intermediate step in a semi-active loss of dna methylation mark. 5-hmc plays an important role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in animals, although its role in plants remains controversial. here, we prese ...	2017	27770360
allelism analysis of brrfp locus in different restorer lines and map-based cloning of a fertility restorer gene, brrfp1, for pol cms in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.).	in chinese cabbage, there are two rf loci for pol cms and one of them was mapped to a 12.6-kb region containing a potential candidate gene encoding ppr protein. in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa), polima cytoplasmic male sterility (pol cms) is an important cms type and is widely used for hybrid breeding. by extensive test crossing in chinese cabbage, four restorer lines (92s105, 01s325, 00s109, and 88s148) for pol cms were screened. by analyzing the allelism of the four restorer lines, it was fo ...	2017	27896366
brassica rapa genome 2.0: a reference upgrade through sequence re-assembly and gene re-annotation.		2017	27890636
the effects of becoming taller: direct and pleiotropic effects of artificial selection on plant height in brassica rapa.	plant height is an important trait for plant reproductive success. plant height is often under pollinator-mediated selection, and has been shown to be correlated with various other traits. however, few studies have examined the evolutionary trajectory of plant height under selection and the pleiotropic effects of plant height evolution. we conducted a bi-directional artificial selection experiment on plant height with fast cycling brassica rapa plants to estimate its heritability and genetic cor ...	2017	27889935
role of vernalization-mediated demethylation in the floral transition of brassica rapa.	vernalization-mediated demethylation of brcka2 (casein kinase ii α-subunit) and brckb4 (casein kinase ii β-subunit) shorten the period of the clock gene brcca1 (circadian clock associated 1) in brassica rapa. photoperiod and vernalization are two environmental cues involved in the regulation of floral transition, but the ways in which they interact remain unclear. dna methylation is one of the main mechanisms involved in controlling the functional state of chromatin and gene expression in respon ...	2017	27885421
effects of tibetan turnip (brassica rapa l.) on promoting hypoxia-tolerance in healthy humans.	tibetan turnip (brassica rapa l.), widely distributed in tibet region, is an edible and medical plant with effects of "tonic and anti-hypoxia" "heat-clearing and detoxification" and "alleviating fatigue" according to traditional tibetan medical books.	2017	27856303
characterization of bcmf23a and bcmf23b, two putative pectin methylesterase genes related to pollen development in brassica campestris ssp. chinensis.	two homologous genes, brassica campestris male fertility 23a (bcmf23a) and brassica campestris male fertility 23b (bcmf23b), encoding putative pectin methylesterases (pmes) were isolated from brassica campestris ssp. chinensis (syn. brassica rapa ssp. chinensis). these two genes sharing high sequence identity with each other were highly expressed in the fertile flower buds but silenced in the sterile ones of genic male sterile line system ('bcajh97-01a/b'). results of rt-pcr and in situ hybridiz ...	2017	27844189
center of origin and centers of diversity in an ancient crop, brassica rapa (turnip rape).	brassica rapa is the most widely distributed and has the longest history of domestication of the agricultural brassica species. molecular genetic diversity, based on 51 simple sequence repeat primer pairs and 715 alleles at polymorphic loci, was used to predict the center of origin and centers of diversity in a global collection of 173 b. rapa accessions. the accessions were separated into 3 molecular genetic groups based on structure analysis-group 1 from the classical old world (europe and wes ...	2017	24714366