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identification of the group iia wrky subfamily and the functional analysis of ghwrky17 in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).wrky transcription factors play important roles in plant defense, stress response, leaf senescence, and plant growth and development. previous studies have revealed the important roles of the group iia ghwrky genes in cotton. to comprehensively analyze the group iia ghwrky genes in upland cotton, we identified 15 candidate group iia ghwrky genes in the gossypium hirsutum genome. the phylogenetic tree, intron-exon structure, motif prediction and ka/ks analyses indicated that most group iia ghwrky ...201829370286
a pectin methylesterase inhibitor enhances resistance to verticillium wilt.pectins are major components of the primary plant cell wall, which functions as the primary barrier against pathogens. pectin methylesterases (pmes) catalyze the demethyl esterification of the homogalacturonan domains of pectin in the plant cell wall. their activity is regulated by pectin methylesterase inhibitors (pmeis). here, we provide evidence for the role of the pectin methylesterase-inhibiting protein ghpmei3 from gossypium hirsutum in plant responses to verticillium dahliae infection; gh ...201829363564
genome-wide identification and comparative analysis of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase (hmgr) gene family in gossypium.terpenes are the largest and most diverse class of secondary metabolites in plants and play a very important role in plant adaptation to environment. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase (hmgr) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the process of terpene biosynthesis in the cytosol. previous study found the hmgr genes underwent gene expansion in gossypium raimondii, but the characteristics and evolution of the hmgr gene family in gossypium genus are unclear. in this study, genome-wide identifi ...201829364830
quantifying within-plant spatial heterogeneity in carbohydrate availability in cotton using a local-pool model.within-plant spatial heterogeneity in the production of and demand for assimilates may have major implications for the formation of fruits. spatial heterogeneity is related to organ age, but also to position on the plant. this study quantifies the variation in local carbohydrate availability for the phytomers in the same cohort using a cotton growth model that captures carbohydrate production in phytomers and carbohydrate movement between phytomers.201829373640
identification of gossypium hirsutum long non-coding rnas (lncrnas) under salt stress.long non-coding rnas (lncrnas) represent a class of riboregulators that either directly act in long form or are processed into shorter micrornas (mirnas) and small interfering rnas. long noncoding rnas (lncrnas) are arbitrarily defined as rna genes larger than 200 nt in length that have no apparent coding potential. lncrnas have emerged as playing important roles in various biological regulatory processes and are expressed in a more tissue-specific manner than mrna. emerging evidence shows that ...201829370759
genetic dissection of the fuzzless seed trait in gossypium barbadense.cotton fibres are single-celled trichomes arising from the epidermal cells of the seed coat and may be either long (lint) or very short (fuzz). the dominant fuzzless n1 of gossypium hirsutum is a defective allele of the at-subgenome homoeolog of myb25-like, but the genetic components underlying the recessive fuzzless trait from g. barbadense (gb) are unknown. we have identified five genetic loci, including a major contributing locus containing myb25-like_dt, associated with gb fuzzless seeds bas ...201829351643
calcium-dependent protein kinases in cotton: insights into early plant responses to salt stress.soil salinization is one of the major environmental constraints to plant growth and agricultural production worldwide. signaling components involving calcium (ca2+) and the downstream calcium-dependent protein kinases (cpks) play key roles in the perception and transduction of stress signals. however, the study of cpks in cotton and their functions in response to salt stress remain unexplored.201829343239
qtl mapping for fiber quality and yield traits based on introgression lines derived from gossypium hirsutum × g. tomentosum.the tetraploid species gossypium hirsutum is cultivated widely throughout the world with high yield and moderate fiber quality, but its genetic basis is narrow. a set of 107 introgression lines (ils) was developed with an interspecific cross using g. hirsutumacc. 4105 as the recurrent parent and g. tomentosum as the donor parent. a specific locus amplified fragment sequencing (slaf-seq) strategy was used to obtain high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers. in total, 3157 high- ...201829342893
improvement of verticillium wilt resistance by applying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to a cotton variety with high symbiotic efficiency under field conditions.arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) play an important role in nutrient cycling processes and plant stress resistance. to evaluate the effect of rhizophagus irregularis cd1 on plant growth promotion (pgp) and verticillium wilt disease, the symbiotic efficiency of amf (sea) was first investigated over a range of 3% to 94% in 17 cotton varieties. the high-sea subgroup had significant pgp effects in a greenhouse. from these results, the highest-sea variety of lumian 1 was selected for a two-year fiel ...201829342876
genome-wide investigation and expression profiling of apx gene family in gossypium hirsutum provide new insights in redox homeostasis maintenance during different fiber development stages.ascorbate peroxidase (apx) is a member of heme-containing peroxidases which catalyze the h2o2-dependent oxidation of a wide range of substrates in plants and animals. as is known, h2o2 acts as a signaling molecule in the regulation of fiber development. our previous work reported that ascorbate peroxidase 1 (ghapx1) was important for cotton fiber elongation. however, knowledge about apx gene family members and their evolutionary and functional characteristics in cotton is limited. here, we repor ...201829307114
inducement and identification of chromosome introgression and translocation of gossypium australe on gossypium hirsutum.we previously reported the development of a set of gossypium hirsutum-g. australe alien chromosome addition lines. naturally, however, g. hirsutum-g. australe chromosome exchanges were very limited, impeding the stable transference of useful genes from g. australe (g2g2 genome) into the most cultivated cotton, g. hirsutum (aadd).201829301494
the cotton (gossypium hirsutum) nac transcription factor (fsn1) as a positive regulator participates in controlling secondary cell wall biosynthesis and modification of fibers.cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fibers are the highly elongated and thickened single-cell trichomes on the seed epidermis. however, little is known about the molecular base of fiber cell wall thickening in detail. in this study, a cotton nac transcription factor (ghfsn1) that is specifically expressed in secondary cell wall (scw) thickening fibers was functionally characterized. the ghfsn1 transgenic cotton plants were generated to study how fsn1 regulates fiber scw formation. up-regulation of ghfsn ...201829105766
changes in activities of both photosystems and the regulatory effect of cyclic electron flow in field-grown cotton (gossypium hirsutum l) under water deficit.to clarify the influence of water deficit on the functionality of the photosynthetic apparatus of cotton plants, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and p700 redox state were examined in field-grown cotton gossypium hirsutum l. cv. xinluzao 45. in addition, we measured changes in the p515 signal and analyzed the activity of atp synthase and the trans-thylakoid proton gradient (δph). with increasing water deficit, the net co2 assimilation rate (an) and stomatal conductance (gs) signifi ...201829156245
relay cropping of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) improves the profitability of cotton-wheat cropping system in punjab, pakistan.delayed sowing of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in cotton-based system reduces the productivity and profitability of the cotton-wheat cropping system. in this scenario, relay cropping of wheat in standing cotton might be a viable option to ensure the timely wheat sowing with simultaneous improvement in wheat yields and system profitability. this 2-year study (2012-2013 and 2013-2014) aimed to evaluate the influence of sowing dates and relay cropping combined with different management techniques o ...201829063403
the terpene synthase gene family in gossypium hirsutum harbors a linalool synthase ghtps12 implicated in direct defence responses against herbivores.herbivore-induced terpenes have been reported to function as ecological signals in plant-insect interactions. here, we showed that insect-induced cotton volatile blends contained 16 terpenoid compounds with a relatively high level of linalool. the high diversity of terpene production is derived from a large terpene synthase (tps) gene family. the tps gene family of gossypium hirsutum and gossypium raimondii consist of 46 and 41 members, respectively. twelve tps genes (ghtps4-15) could be isolate ...201829044662
genome wide identification of cotton (gossypium hirsutum)-encoded microrna targets against cotton leaf curl burewala virus.cotton leaf curl burewala virus (clcubv, genus begomovirus) causes devastating cotton leaf curl disease. among various known virus controlling strategies, rnai-mediated one has shown potential to protect host crop plants. micro(mi) rnas, are the endogenous small rnas and play a key role in plant development and stress resistance. in the present study we have identified cotton (gossypium hirsutum)-encoded mirnas targeting the clcubv. based on threshold free energy and maximum complementarity scor ...201828964896
itraq-based comparative proteomic analysis provides insights into somatic embryogenesis in gossypium hirsutum l.key message: itraq based proteomic identified key proteins and provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying somatic embryogenesis in cotton. somatic embryogenesis, which involves cell dedifferentiation and redifferentiation, has been used as a model system for understanding molecular events of plant embryo development in vitro. in this study, we performed comparative proteomics analysis using samples of non-embryogenic callus (nec), embryogenic callus (ec) and somatic embryo (s ...201829214424
water quality of surface runoff and lint yield in cotton under furrow irrigation in northeast arkansas.use of furrow irrigation in row crop production is a common practice through much of the midsouth us and yet, nutrients can be transported off-site through surface runoff. a field study with cotton (gossypium hirsutum, l.) was conducted to understand the impact of furrow tillage practices and nitrogen (n) fertilizer placement on characteristics of runoff water quality during the growing season. the experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with conventional (ct) and conservat ...201828910718
high efficient multisites genome editing in allotetraploid cotton (gossypium hirsutum) using crispr/cas9 system.gossypium hirsutum is an allotetraploid with a complex genome. most genes have multiple copies that belong to at and dt subgenomes. sequence similarity is also very high between gene homologues. to efficiently achieve site/gene-specific mutation is quite needed. due to its high efficiency and robustness, the crispr (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/cas9 system has exerted broad site-specific genome editing from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. in this study, we utilized a cri ...201828499063
comparative genomic study of aldh gene superfamily in gossypium: a focus on gossypium hirsutum under salt stress.aldehyde dehydrogenases (aldhs) are a superfamily of enzymes which play important role in the scavenging of active aldehydes molecules. in present work, a comprehensive whole-genomic study of aldh gene superfamily was carried out for an allotetraploid cultivated cotton species, g. hirsutum, as well as in parallel relative to their diploid progenitors, g. arboreum and g. raimondii. totally, 30 and 58 aldh gene sequences belong to 10 families were identified from diploid and allotetraploid cotton ...201728489898
identification of candidate genes for fiber length quantitative trait loci through rna-seq and linkage and physical mapping in cotton.cotton (gossypium spp.) fibers are single-celled elongated trichomes, the molecular aspects of genetic variation in fiber length (fl) among genotypes are currently unknown. in this study, two backcross inbred lines (bils), i.e., nmga-062 ("long") and nmga-105 ("short") with 32.1 vs. 27.2 mm in fl, respectively, were chosen to perform rna-seq on developing fibers at 10 days post anthesis (dpa). the two bils differed in 4 quantitative trait loci (qtl) for fl and were developed from backcrosses bet ...201728569138
genome-wide identification and characterization of phospholipase c gene family in cotton (gossypium spp.).phospholipase c (plc) are important regulatory enzymes involved in several lipid and ca2+-dependent signaling pathways. previous studies have elucidated the versatile roles of plc genes in growth, development and stress responses of many plants, however, the systematic analyses of plc genes in the important fiber-producing plant, cotton, are still deficient. in this study, through genome-wide survey, we identified twelve phosphatidylinositol-specific plc (pi-plc) and nine non-specific plc (npc) ...201728547583
effect of boron deficiency on anatomical structure and chemical composition of petioles and photosynthesis of leaves in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).the main symptom of boron (b) deficiency in cotton is the formation of brown rings on leaf petioles. the objective of the present study was to determine the changes in the anatomical structure and chemical composition of petioles and photosynthesis of leaves in cotton under b deficiency. compared to the control, b deficiency treatment resulted in large increases in the number of petioles with brown rings per plant (160.0%) and the number of rings on the petiole per functional leaf (711.1%) in co ...201728667263
ghvln4 is involved in cell elongation via regulation of actin organization.ghvln4 exhibited activity of cross-linking actin filaments into bundles. overexpression of ghvln4 increased the abundance of thick actin bundles and resulted in longer cell phenotypes. actin bundle is a dynamic, higher-order cytoskeleton structure that is essential for cell expansion. villin is one of the major proteins responsible for crosslinking actin filaments into bundles. however, this kind of actin binding protein has rarely been investigated in cotton. in the present work, a cotton villi ...201728647813
simultaneous silencing of ghfad2-1 and ghfatb enhances the quality of cottonseed oil with high oleic acid.cottonseed oil has become an important source of edible oil due to its significant cost advantage. however, there is a growing concern over its fatty acid composition and nutritional value. in gossypium hirsutum, ghfad2-1 and ghfatb encoding the microsomal oleate desaturase and palmitoyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase, respectively, play critical roles in regulating the proportions of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in cottonseed lipids. in this study, rnai technology was used to si ...201728644971
role of xyloglucan in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fiber elongation of the short fiber mutant ligon lintless-2 (li2).xyloglucan is a matrix polysaccharide found in the cell walls of all land plants. in growing cells, xyloglucan is thought to connect cellulose microfibrils and regulate their separation during wall extension. ligon lintless-2 (li2) is a monogenic dominant cotton fiber mutation that causes extreme reduction in lint fiber length with no pleiotropic effects on vegetative growth. li2 represents an excellent model system to study fiber elongation. to understand the role of xyloglucan in cotton fiber ...201728546126
cotton gherf38 gene is involved in plant response to salt/drought and aba.erf (ethylene-responsive factor) transcription factors play important roles in plant stress signaling transduction pathways. however, their specific roles during diverse abiotic stresses tolerance in gossypium hirsutum are largely unknown. here, a novel erf transcription factor, designated gherf38, homologous to aterf38 in arabidopsis, was isolated from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l). gherf38 expression was up-regulated by salt, drought and aba treatments. subcellular localization results indicat ...201728536792
cotton ascorbate oxidase promotes cell growth in cultured tobacco bright yellow-2 cells through generation of apoplast oxidation.ascorbate oxidase (ao) plays an important role in cell growth through the modulation of reduction/oxidation (redox) control of the apoplast. here, a cotton (gossypium hirsutum) apoplastic ascorbate oxidase gene (ghao1) was obtained from fast elongating fiber tissues. ghao1 belongs to the multicopper oxidase (mco) family and includes a signal peptide and several transmembrane regions. analyses of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) and enzyme activity showed that ghao1 was ...201728644407
potassium deficiency affects the carbon-nitrogen balance in cotton leaves.potassium (k) plays important roles in the metabolism of carbon (c) and nitrogen (n), but studies of k deficiency affecting c-n balance are lacking. this study explored the influence of k deficiency on c-n interaction in cotton leaves by conducting a field experiment with cotton cultivar dp0912 under two k rates (k0: 0 kg k2o ha-1 and k67: 67 kg k2o ha-1) and a controlled environment experiment with k-deficient solution (k1: 0 mm k+) and k-sufficient solution (k2: 6 mm k+). the results showed th ...201728441628
identification and characterization of constans-like (col) gene family in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).the constans/flowering locus t (co/ft) regulon plays a central role in the control of flowering time in photoperiod-sensitive plants. flowering time in wild cotton (gossypium spp.) has strict photoperiod sensitivity, but domesticated cotton is day-neutral. information on the molecular characterization of the co and co-like (col) genes in cotton is very limited. in this study, we identified 42 col homologs (ghcols) in the g. hirsutum genome, and many of them were previously unreported. we studied ...201728591177
the specific host plant dna detection suggests a potential migration of apolygus lucorum from cotton to mungbean fields.the polyphagous mirid bug apolygus lucorum (heteroptera: miridae) has more than 200 species of host plants and is an insect pest of important agricultural crops, including cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and mungbean (vigna radiata). previous field trials have shown that a. lucorum adults prefer mungbean to cotton plants, indicating the considerable potential of mungbean as a trap crop in cotton fields. however, direct evidence supporting the migration of a. lucorum adults from cotton to mungbean is ...201728586352
characterization of two tt2-type myb transcription factors regulating proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in tetraploid cotton, gossypium hirsutum.two tt2-type myb transcription factors identified from tetraploid cotton are involved in regulating proanthocyanidin biosynthesis, providing new strategies for engineering condensed tannins in crops. proanthocyanidins (pas), also known as condensed tannins, are important secondary metabolites involved in stress resistance in plants, and are health supplements that help to reduce cholesterol levels. as one of the most widely grown crops in the world, cotton provides the majority of natural fabric ...201728421329
single-base resolution methylomes of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) reveal epigenome modifications in response to drought stress.dna methylation, with a cryptic role in genome stability, gene transcription and expression, is involved in the drought response process in plants, but the complex regulatory mechanism is still largely unknown.201728407801
genome-wide identification and characterization of jaz gene family in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum).plant jaz (jasmonate zim-domain) proteins play versatile roles in multiple aspects of plant development and defense. however, little is known about the jaz family in allotetraploid upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) so far. in this study, 30 non-redundant jaz genes were identified in upland cotton through genome-wide screening. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 30 proteins in cotton jaz family are further divided into five groups (i - v), and members in the same group share highly conserve ...201728584307
genomic analyses in cotton identify signatures of selection and loci associated with fiber quality and yield traits.upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) is the most important natural fiber crop in the world. the overall genetic diversity among cultivated species of cotton and the genetic changes that occurred during their improvement are poorly understood. here we report a comprehensive genomic assessment of modern improved upland cotton based on the genome-wide resequencing of 318 landraces and modern improved cultivars or lines. we detected more associated loci for lint yield than for fiber quality, which sug ...201728581501
genomics-enabled analysis of the emergent disease cotton bacterial blight.cotton bacterial blight (cbb), an important disease of (gossypium hirsutum) in the early 20th century, had been controlled by resistant germplasm for over half a century. recently, cbb re-emerged as an agronomic problem in the united states. here, we report analysis of cotton variety planting statistics that indicate a steady increase in the percentage of susceptible cotton varieties grown each year since 2009. phylogenetic analysis revealed that strains from the current outbreak cluster with ra ...201728910288
relative contribution of na+/k+ homeostasis, photochemical efficiency and antioxidant defense system to differential salt tolerance in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cultivars.in this study, the role of specific components of different coping strategies to salt load were identified. a pot experiment was conducted with four cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cultivars (differing in salt-sensitivity) under salinity stress. based on observed responses in growth performance and physiological characteristics, cz91 was the most tolerant of the four cultivars, followed by cultivars ccri44 and ccri49, with z571 being much more sensitive to salt stress. to perform this tolerant re ...201728866234
genome-wide identification and characterization of tcp transcription factor genes in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum).tcp proteins are plant-specific transcription factors (tfs), and perform a variety of physiological functions in plant growth and development. in this study, 74 non-redundant tcp genes were identified in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) genome. cotton tcp family can be classified into two classes (class i and class ii) that can be further divided into 11 types (groups) based on their motif composition. quantitative rt-pcr analysis indicated that ghtcps display different expression patterns ...201728860559
the pin gene family in cotton (gossypium hirsutum): genome-wide identification and gene expression analyses during root development and abiotic stress responses.cell elongation and expansion are significant contributors to plant growth and morphogenesis, and are often regulated by environmental cues and endogenous hormones. auxin is one of the most important phytohormones involved in the regulation of plant growth and development and plays key roles in plant cell expansion and elongation. cotton fiber cells are a model system for studying cell elongation due to their large size. cotton is also the world's most utilized crop for the production of natural ...201728673242
genome-wide analysis of salinity-stress induced dna methylation alterations in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) using the me-dip sequencing technology.cytosine dna methylation is a significant form of dna modification closely associated with gene expression in eukaryotes, fungi, animals, and plants. although the reference genomes of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) have been publically available, the salinity-stress-induced dna methylome alterations in cotton are not well understood. here, we constructed a map of genome-wide dna methylation characteristics of cotton leaves under salt stress using the methylated dna immunoprecipitation sequencing ...201728671256
genome-wide identification and characterization of snrk2 gene family in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 2 (snrk2) is a plant-specific serine/threonine kinase family involved in the abscisic acid (aba) signaling pathway and responds to osmotic stress. a genome-wide analysis of this protein family has been conducted previously in some plant species, but little is known about snrk2 genes in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). the recent release of the g. hirsutum genome sequence provides an opportunity to identify and characterize the snrk2 kinase fa ...201728606097
within-plant distribution and dynamics of thrips species (thysanoptera: thripidae) in cotton.a 2-yr study in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) was conducted to determine the abundance and species composition of thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) on different plant parts throughout the season in alabama, georgia, north carolina, south carolina, and virginia. plant parts sampled included seedlings, terminals with two expanded leaves, leaves from the upper, middle, and lower sections of the canopy, white flowers, and medium-sized bolls. adult thrips were significantly more abundant on seedlings ...201728475718
expression and functional analyses of a kinesin gene ghkis13a1 from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fiber.cotton fiber, a natural fiber widely used in the textile industry, is differentiated from single cell of ovule epidermis. a large number of genes are believed to be involved in fiber formation, but so far only a few fiber genes have been isolated and functionally characterized in this developmental process. the kinesin13 subfamily was found to play key roles during cell division and cell elongation, and was considered to be involved in the regulation of cotton fiber development.201728606082
a novel ghbee1-like gene of cotton causes anther indehiscence in transgenic arabidopsis under uncontrolled transcription level.male-sterile lines are very important for selective breeding, and anther dehiscence defect is an effective way to generate male-sterile lines. although several bhlh-family proteins in arabidopsis have been characterized, little is known about the role of bhlh-family proteins in cotton. here, we isolated a novel bhlh protein from cotton (gossypium hirsutum), named ghbee1-like. protein domain analysis showed that ghbee1-like contained a basic domain and an hlh domain. subcellular localization anal ...201728600178
field trial of insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) for environmental risk assessment in japan.japan imports cottonseed mainly from australia and the usa where more than 96% of all cotton varieties grown are genetically modified (gm). gm crops undergo an environmental risk assessment (era) under the law concerning the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity before import into japan. potential adverse effects on biodiversity are comprehensively assessed based on competitiveness, production of harmful substances and outcrossing ability. even though imported cottonseed is in ...201728510512
genome-wide characterization and expression analyses of superoxide dismutase (sod) genes in gossypium hirsutum.superoxide dismutases (sods) are a key antioxidant enzyme family, which have been implicated in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species. despite current studies have shown that the gene family are involved in plant growth and developmental processes and biotic and abiotic stress responses, little is known about its functional role in upland cotton.201728499417
micrornas involved in auxin signalling modulate male sterility under high-temperature stress in cotton (gossypium hirsutum).male sterility caused by long-term high-temperature (ht) stress occurs widely in crops. micrornas (mirnas), a class of endogenous non-coding small rnas, play an important role in the plant response to various abiotic stresses. to dissect the working principle of mirnas in male sterility under ht stress in cotton, a total of 112 known mirnas, 270 novel mirnas and 347 target genes were identified from anthers of ht-insensitive (84021) and ht-sensitive (h05) cotton cultivars under normal-temperatur ...201728635129
carbohydrate metabolism in the subtending leaf cross-acclimates to waterlogging and elevated temperature stress and influences boll biomass in cotton (gossypium hirsutum).short-term waterlogging and chronic elevated temperature occur concomitantly in the cotton (gossypium hirsutum) growing season. while previous research about co-occurring waterlogging and elevated temperature has focused primarily on cotton fiber, no studies have investigated carbohydrate metabolism of the subtending leaf (a major source leaf for boll development) cross-acclimation to aforementioned stressors. to address this, plants were exposed to ambient (31.6/26.5°c) and elevated (34.1/29.0° ...201728581029
genome-wide identification and characterization of micrornas differentially expressed in fibers in a cotton phytochrome a1 rnai line.cotton fiber is an important commodity throughout the world. fiber property determines fiber quality and commercial values. previous studies showed that silencing phytochrome a1 gene (phya1) by rna interference in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. coker 312) had generated phya1 rnai lines with simultaneous improvements in fiber quality (longer, stronger and finer fiber) and other key agronomic traits. characterization of the altered molecular processes in these rnai genotypes and its wild ...201728614407
a high-throughput standard pcr-based genotyping method for determining transgene zygosity in segregating plant populations.in crop research programs that implement transgene-based strategies for trait improvement it is necessary to distinguish between transgene homozygous and hemizygous individuals in segregating populations. direct methods for determining transgene zygosity are technically challenging, expensive, and require specialized equipment. in this report, we describe a standard pcr-based protocol coupled with capillary electrophoresis that can identify transgene homozygous and hemizygous individuals in a se ...201728791034
genetic diversity and structure of elite cotton germplasm (gossypium hirsutum l.) using genome-wide snp data.cotton (gossypium spp.) is the most important natural textile fiber crop, and gossypium hirsutum l. is responsible for 90% of the annual cotton crop in the world. information on cotton genetic diversity and population structure is essential for new breeding lines. in this study, we analyzed population structure and genetic diversity of 288 elite gossypium hirsutum cultivar accessions collected from around the world, and especially from china, using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (sn ...201728755130
genome-wide analysis of gene expression of ems-induced short fiber mutant ligon lintless-y (liy) in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).in this work we describe a chemically-induced short fiber mutant cotton line, ligon-lintless-y (liy), which is controlled by a single recessive locus and affects multiple traits, including height of the plant, and length and maturity of fiber. an rnaseq analysis was used to evaluate global transcriptional changes during cotton fiber development at 3, 8 and 16days post anthesis. we found that 613, 2629 and 3397 genes were significantly down-regulated, while 2700, 477 and 3260 were significantly u ...201728577792
molecular variation of tomato yellow leaf curl virus in the insect vector bemisia tabaci.insect vectors play significant roles in geminivirus spread and evolution in nature. to date little is known about the population dynamics of begomoviruses in their insect vector bemisia tabaci. in this study we analyzed the genetic variation of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) in its host plant, solanum lycopersicum, in its transmission vector b. tabaci raised on tylcv-infected s. lycopersicum plants, and in b. tabaci after being transferred from s. lycopersicum to gossypium hirsutum. we f ...201729180745
larval dispersal of spodoptera frugiperda strains on bt cotton: a model for understanding resistance evolution and consequences for its management.high dispersal of lepidoptera larvae between non-bt and bt cotton plants can favour the evolution of insect resistance; however, information on host acceptance of neonates in tropical transgenic crops is scarce. therefore, the purposes of this study were as follows: (i) to investigate the feeding behaviour of susceptible and cry1f-resistant strains of spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) on bt and non-bt cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) varieties and (ii) to understand the possible effects of cotton ...201729170392
advanced backcross qtl analysis of fiber strength and fineness in a cross between gossypium hirsutum and g. mustelinum.the molecular genetic basis of cotton fiber strength and fineness in crosses between gossypium mustelinum and gossypium hirsutum (upland cotton) was dissected using 21 bc3f2 and 12 corresponding bc3f2:3 and bc3f2:4 families. the bc3f2 families were genotyped with simple sequence repeat markers from a g. hirsutum by g. mustelinum linkage map, and the three generations of bc3-derived families were phenotyped for fiber strength (str) and fineness (micronaire, mic). a total of 42 quantitative trait ...201729118778
the elusive search for reniform nematode resistance in cotton.the reniform nematode (rotylenchulus reniformis linford and oliveira) has emerged as the most important plant parasitic nematode of cotton in the united states cotton belt. success in the development of reniform nematode resistant upland cotton cultivars (gossypium hirsutum l.) has not been realized despite over three decades of breeding efforts. research approaches ranging from conventional breeding to triple species hybrids to marker-assisted selection have been employed to introgress reniform ...201729116883
overexpression of ghdof1 improved salt and cold tolerance and seed oil content in gossypium hirsutum.a homologous ghdof1, which belongs to a large family of plant-specific transcription factor dof, was isolated from upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). ghdof1 protein was located in the nucleus of onion epidermal cells, the core domain of transcriptional activity existed in the c-terminal, and the activity elements of ghdof1 promoter existed in the regions of -645∼ -469bp and -286∼ -132bp of transcriptional start codon. ghdof1 constitutively expressed in leaves, roots and stems, accumulated hi ...201728888163
potassium improves photosynthetic tolerance to and recovery from episodic drought stress in functional leaves of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).to investigate whether potassium (k) application enhances the potential of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plants to maintain physiological functions during drought and recovery, low k-sensitive (siza 3) and -tolerant (simian 3) cotton cultivars were exposed to three k rates (0, 150, and 300 k2o kg ha-1) and either well-watered conditions or severe drought stress followed by a recovery period. under drought stress, cotton plants showed a substantial decline in leaf water potential, stomatal condu ...201728843133
genome editing in cotton with the crispr/cas9 system.genome editing is an important tool for gene functional studies as well as crop improvement. the recent development of the crispr/cas9 system using single guide rna molecules (sgrnas) to direct precise double strand breaks in the genome has the potential to revolutionize agriculture. unfortunately, not all sgrnas are equally efficient and it is difficult to predict their efficiency by bioinformatics. in crops such as cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), with labor-intensive and lengthy transformation ...201728824692
high-density genetic linkage map construction by f2 populations and qtl analysis of early-maturity traits in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).due to china's rapidly increasing population, the total arable land area has dramatically decreased; as a consequence, the competition for farming land allocated for grain and cotton production has become fierce. therefore, to overcome the existing contradiction between cotton grain and fiber production and the limited farming land, development of early-maturing cultivars is necessary. in this research, a high-density linkage map of upland cotton was constructed using genotyping by sequencing (g ...201728809947
global gene expression in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) leaves to waterlogging stress.cotton is sensitive to waterlogging stress, which usually results in stunted growth and yield loss. to date, the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses to waterlogging in cotton remain elusive. cotton was grown in a rain-shelter and subjected to 0 (control)-, 10-, 15- and 20-d waterlogging at flowering stage. the fourth-leaves on the main-stem from the top were sampled and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen for physiological measurement. global gene transcription in the leaves of 15-d ...201728953908
flavonoid profile of the cotton plant, gossypium hirsutum: a review.cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., is a plant fibre of significant economic importance, with seeds providing an additional source of protein in human and animal nutrition. flavonoids play a vital role in maintaining plant health and function and much research has investigated the role of flavonoids in plant defence and plant vigour and the influence these have on cotton production. as part of ongoing research into host plant/invertebrate pest interactions, we investigated the flavonoid profile of co ...201728946657
transcriptomic repertoires depict the initiation of lint and fuzz fibres in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).cotton fibre is an important natural fibre for the textile industry. the number of fibre initials determines the lint percentage, which is an important factor for cotton fibre yield. although fibre development has been described by transcriptomic analysis, the mechanism by which the long noncoding rna manipulates the initiation of lint and fuzz fibres remains unknown. in this study, three lines with different lint percentages were developed by crossing xu142 with its fibreless mutant xu142 fl. w ...201728944536
itraq-based quantitative proteomic analysis reveals cold responsive proteins involved in leaf senescence in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).premature leaf senescence occurs in the ultimate phase of the plant, and it occurs through a complex series of actions regulated by stress, hormones and genes. in this study, a proteomic analysis was performed to analyze the factors that could induce premature leaf senescence in two cotton cultivars. we successfully identified 443 differential abundant proteins (daps) from 7388 high-confidence proteins at four stages between non-premature senescence (ns) and premature senescence (ps), among whic ...201728926933
cytogenetic maps of homoeologous chromosomes a h01 and d h01 and their integration with the genome assembly in gossypium hirsutum.cytogenetic maps of gossypium hirsutum (linnaeus, 1753) homoeologous chromosomes ah01 and dh01 were constructed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish), using eleven homoeologous-chromosomes-shared bacterial artificial chromosomes (bacs) clones and one chromosome-specific bac clone respectively. we compared the cytogenetic maps with the genetic linkage and draft genome assembly maps based on a standardized map unit, relative map position (rmp), which allowed a global view of the relationshi ...201728919972
structure of cellulose microfibrils in mature cotton fibres.the structure of cellulose microfibrils in mature cotton fibres from three varieties - gossypium hirsutum, g. barbadense and g. arboreum - has been investigated by a multi-technique approach combining small angle scattering techniques with spectroscopy and diffraction. cellulose microfibrils present a iβ-rich crystalline structure with limited surface disorder. small angle scattering (saxs and sans) data have been successfully fitted using a core-shell model and the results obtained indicate tha ...201728917888
biological fabrication of cellulose fibers with tailored properties.cotton is a promising basis for wearable smart textiles. current approaches that rely on fiber coatings suffer from function loss during wear. we present an approach that allows biological incorporation of exogenous molecules into cotton fibers to tailor the material's functionality. in vitro model cultures of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) are incubated with 6-carboxyfluorescein-glucose and dysprosium-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-glucose, where the glucose moiety ...201728912238
genome-wide analysis of the gst gene family in gossypium hirsutum l.glutathione-s-transferase (gst) is a ubiquitous multi-functional protein superfamily that plays important roles in plant primary and secondary metabolism, stress and intercellular signal transduction. concomitantly, it also functions as a ligand in the metabolism of plant hormones and substance transport. in order to understand the gst gene family in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), herein we analyzed the species, evolutionary relationship, physical location, gene structure, conserved moti ...201728903901
segregation distortion and genome-wide digenic interactions affect transmission of introgressed chromatin from wild cotton species.this study reports transmission genetics of chromosomal segments into gossypium hirsutum from its most distant euploid relative, gossypium mustelinum . mutilocus interactions and structural rearrangements affect introgression and segregation of donor chromatin. wild allotetraploid relatives of cotton are a rich source of genetic diversity that can be used in genetic improvement, but linkage drag and non-mendelian transmission genetics are prevalent in interspecific crosses. these problems necess ...201728801756
transfer of tomato immune receptor ve1 confers ave1-dependent verticillium resistance in tobacco and cotton.verticillium wilts caused by soilborne fungal species of the verticillium genus are economically important plant diseases that affect a wide range of host plants and are notoriously difficult to combat. perception of pathogen(-induced) ligands by plant immune receptors is a key component of plant innate immunity. in tomato, race-specific resistance to verticillium wilt is governed by the cell surface-localized immune receptor ve1 through recognition of the effector protein ave1 that is secreted ...201728796297
ghsos1, a plasma membrane na+/h+ antiporter gene from upland cotton, enhances salt tolerance in transgenic arabidopsis thaliana.upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), an important source of natural fiber, can tolerate relatively high salinity and drought stresses. in the present study, a plasma membrane na+/h+ antiporter gene, ghsos1, was cloned from a salt-tolerant genotype of g. hirsutum, zhong 9807. the expression level of ghsos1 in cotton roots was significantly upregulated in the presence of high concentrations of nacl (200 mm), while its transcript abundance was increased when exposed to low temperature and drought ...201728723926
activation of aba receptors gene ghpyl9-11a is positively correlated with cotton drought tolerance in transgenic arabidopsis.the sensitivity to abscisic acid (aba) by its receptors, pyrabactin resistance-like proteins (pyls), is considered a most important factor in activating the aba signal pathway in response to abiotic stress. however, it is still unknown which pyl is the crucial aba receptor mediating response to drought stress in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). here, we reported the identification and characterization of highly induced aba receptor ghpyl9-11a in response to drought in cotton. it is observed that ...201728878793
investigation of the influence of leaf thickness on canopy reflectance and physiological traits in upland and pima cotton populations.many systems for field-based, high-throughput phenotyping (fb-htp) quantify and characterize the reflected radiation from the crop canopy to derive phenotypes, as well as infer plant function and health status. however, given the technology's nascent status, it remains unknown how biophysical and physiological properties of the plant canopy impact downstream interpretation and application of canopy reflectance data. in that light, we assessed relationships between leaf thickness and several cano ...201728868055
tissue and cell-specific transcriptomes in cotton reveal the subtleties of gene regulation underlying the diversity of plant secondary cell walls.knowledge of plant secondary cell wall (scw) regulation and deposition is mainly based on the arabidopsis model of a 'typical' lignocellulosic scw. however, scws in other plants can vary from this. the scw of mature cotton seed fibres is highly cellulosic and lacks lignification whereas xylem scws are lignocellulosic. we used cotton as a model to study different scws and the expression of the genes involved in their formation via rna deep sequencing and chemical analysis of stem and seed fibre.201728720072
global analysis of dna methylation in young (j1) and senescent (j2) gossypium hirsutum l. cotyledons by medip-seq.dna methylation is an important epigenetic modification regulating gene expression, genomic imprinting, transposon silencing and chromatin structure in plants and plays an important role in leaf senescence. however, the dna methylation pattern during gossypium hirsutum l. cotyledon senescence is poorly understood. in this study, global dna methylation patterns were compared between two cotyledon development stages, young (j1) and senescence (j2), using methylated dna immunoprecipitation (medip-s ...201728715427
identification and functional analysis of two p450 enzymes of gossypium hirsutum involved in dmnt and tmtt biosynthesis.the homoterpenes (3e)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (dmnt) and (e,e)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene (tmtt) are major herbivore-induced plant volatiles that can attract predatory or parasitic arthropods to protect injured plants from herbivore attack. in this study, dmnt and tmtt were confirmed to be emitted from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) plants infested with chewing caterpillars or sucking bugs. two cyp genes (ghcyp82l1 and ghcyp82l2) involved in homoterpene biosynthesis in g. hirsu ...201728710782
regulation of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) drought responses by mitogen-activated protein (map) kinase cascade-mediated phosphorylation of ghwrky59.drought is a key limiting factor for cotton (gossypium spp.) production, as more than half of the global cotton supply is grown in regions with high water shortage. however, the underlying mechanism of the response of cotton to drought stress remains elusive. by combining genome-wide transcriptome profiling and a loss-of-function screen using virus-induced gene silencing, we identified gossypium hirsutum ghwrky59 as an important transcription factor that regulates the drought stress response in ...201728700082
proteomic analysis of differences in fiber development between wild and cultivated gossypium hirsutum l.upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) is one of the world's most important fiber crops, accounting for more than 90% of all cotton production. while their wild progenitors have relatively short and coarse, often tan-colored fibers, modern cotton cultivars possess longer, finer, stronger, and whiter fiber. in this study, the wild and cultivated cottons (yu-3 and tm-1) selected show significant differences on fibers at 10 days postanthesis (dpa), 20 dpa, and mature stages at the morphological leve ...201728683551
association mapping analysis of fiber yield and quality traits in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).fiber yield and quality are the most important traits for upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). identifying high yield and good fiber quality genes are the prime concern of researchers in cotton breeding. association mapping offers an alternative and powerful method for detecting those complex agronomic traits. in this study, 198 simple sequence repeats (ssrs) were used to screen markers associated with fiber yield and quality traits with 302 elite upland cotton accessions that were evaluated i ...201728748394
suppressing a putative sterol carrier gene reduces plasmodesmal permeability and activates sucrose transporter genes during cotton fiber elongation.plasmodesmata (pds) play vital roles in cell-to-cell communication and plant development. emerging evidence suggests that sterols are involved in pd activity during cytokinesis. however, whether sterols contribute to pd gating between established cells remains unknown. here, we isolated ghscp2d, a putative sterol carrier protein gene from elongating cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fibers. in contrast to wild-type fiber pds, which opened at 5 to 10 d postanthesis (dpa) and closed only at 15 to 25 dpa ...201728747422
enriching an intraspecific genetic map and identifying qtl for fiber quality and yield component traits across multiple environments in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).cotton is a significant commercial crop that plays an indispensable role in many domains. constructing high-density genetic maps and identifying stable quantitative trait locus (qtl) controlling agronomic traits are necessary prerequisites for marker-assisted selection (mas). a total of 14,899 ssr primer pairs designed from the genome sequence of g. raimondii were screened for polymorphic markers between mapping parents ccri 35 and yumian 1, and 712 ssr markers showing polymorphism were used to ...201728733817
high concentrations of chlorantraniliprole reduce its compatibility with a key predator, hippodamia convergens (coleoptera: coccinellidae).diamides are a novel insecticide group that act by disrupting insect muscle contraction. recommended field rates (frs) vary greatly among target pests and cropping systems, leading to variable risks for non-target organisms. we evaluated the toxicity of chlorantraniliprole to the predator hippodamia convergens guérin-méneville (coleoptera: coccinellidae) by exposure to residues, topical application, and consumption of contaminated food. we also estimated lethal concentrations (lcs) of chlorantra ...201728961909
phospholipases dα and δ are involved in local and systemic wound responses of cotton (g. hirsutum).phospholipases d (plds) catabolize structural phospholipids to produce phosphatidic acid (ptdoh), a lipid playing central role in signalling pathways in animal, yeast and plant cells. in animal cells two pld genes have been studied while in model plant arabidopsis twelve genes exist, classified in six classes (α-ζ). this underlines the role of these enzymes in plant responses to environmental stresses. however, information concerning the pld involvement in the widely cultivated and economically ...201728955998
diaheliotropic leaf movement enhances leaf photosynthetic capacity and photosynthetic light and nitrogen use efficiency via optimising nitrogen partitioning among photosynthetic components in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).phototropic leaf movement of plants is an effective mechanism for adapting to light conditions. light is the major driver of plant photosynthesis. leaf n is also an important limiting factor on leaf photosynthetic potential. cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) exhibits diaheliotropic leaf movement. here, we compared the long-term photosynthetic acclimation of fixed leaves (restrained) and free leaves (allowed free movement) in cotton. the fixed leaves and free leaves were used for determination of pa ...201729222927
ptxd gene in combination with phosphite serves as a highly effective selection system to generate transgenic cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).this report demonstrates the usefulness of ptxd/phosphite as a selection system that not only provides a highly efficient and simple means to generate transgenic cotton plants, but also helps address many of the concerns related to the use of antibiotic and herbicide resistance genes in the production of transgenic crops. two of the most popular dominant selectable marker systems for plant transformation are based on either antibiotic or herbicide resistance genes. due to concerns regarding thei ...201729032395
endogenous ethylene concentration is not a major determinant of fruit abscission in heat-stressed cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.).we investigated the role of ethylene in the response of cotton to high temperature using cotton genotypes with genetically interrupted ethylene metabolism. in the first experiment, sicot 71brf and 5b (a lintless variant with compromised ethylene metabolism) were exposed to 45°c, either by instantaneous heat shock or by ramping temperatures by 3°c daily for 1 week. one day prior to the start of heat treatment, half the plants were sprayed with 0.8 mm of the ethylene synthesis inhibitor, aminoetho ...201728983303
molecular analysis of caffeoyl residues related to pigmentation in green cotton fibers.the pigment components in green cotton fibers were isolated and identified as 22-o-caffeoyl-22-hydroxymonodocosanoin and 22-o-caffeoyl-22-hydroxydocosanoic acid. the concentration of 22-o-caffeoyl-22-hydroxymonodocosanoin correlated positively with the degree of colour in the green fibers, indicating a role for caffeoyl derivatives in the pigmentation of green cotton fibers. upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) contains four genes, gh4cl1-gh4cl4, encoding 4-coumarate:coa ligases (4cls), key enz ...201728981784
genetic diversity of arboreal cotton populations of the brazilian semiarid: a remnant primary gene pool for cotton cultivars.mocó cotton belong to the same species as the cultivated species, gossypium hirsutum, and cultivated forms were mainly landraces but also developed as cultivars, bearing good fiber quality and drought tolerant when cropped as a perennial species. the northeast brazil crop system based on this cotton type is finished, with a few small area planted in the three main states, where it was previously cultivated (ceará, paraíba, and rio grande do norte), but in others, maintenance is accomplished by s ...201728973721
fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of the virescent gene v 1 in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum).the young leaves of virescent mutants are yellowish and gradually turn green as the plants reach maturity. understanding the genetic basis of virescent mutants can aid research of the regulatory mechanisms underlying chloroplast development and chlorophyll biosynthesis, as well as contribute to the application of virescent traits in crop breeding. in this study, fine mapping was employed, and a recessive gene (v 1) from a virescent mutant of upland cotton was narrowed to an 84.1-kb region contai ...201729052764
an nam domain gene, ghnac79, improves resistance to drought stress in upland cotton.plant-specific nac proteins comprise one of the largest transcription factor families in plants and play important roles in plant development and the stress response. gossypium hirsutum l. is a major source of fiber, but its growth and productivity are limited by many biotic and abiotic stresses. in this study, the nac domain gene ghnac79 was functionally characterized in detail, and according to information about the cotton genome sequences, it was located on scaffold42.1, containing three exon ...201728993786
sub genome anchored physical frameworks of the allotetraploid upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) genome, and an approach toward reference-grade assemblies of polyploids.like those of many agricultural crops, the cultivated cotton is an allotetraploid and has a large genome (~2.5 gigabase pairs). the two sub genomes, a and d, are highly similar but unequally sized and repeat-rich, which pose significant challenges for accurate genome reconstruction using standard approaches. here we report the development of bac libraries, sub genome specific physical maps, and a new-generation sequencing approach that will lead to a reference-grade genome assembly for upland co ...201729127298
comparative genomic analysis of the pks genes in five species and expression analysis in upland cotton.plant type iii polyketide synthase (pks) can catalyse the formation of a series of secondary metabolites with different structures and different biological functions; the enzyme plays an important role in plant growth, development and resistance to stress. at present, the pks gene has been identified and studied in a variety of plants. here, we identified 11 pks genes from upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and compared them with 41 pks genes in populus tremula, vitis vinifera, malus domestica a ...201729104824
the cotton mapk kinase ghmpk20 negatively regulates resistance to fusarium oxysporum by mediating the mkk4-mpk20-wrky40 cascade.fusarium wilt is one of the most serious diseases affecting cotton. however, the pathogenesis and mechanism by which f. oxysporum overcomes plant defence responses are unclear. here, a new group d mapk gene, ghmpk20, was identified and functionally analysed in cotton. ghmpk20 expression was significantly induced by f. oxysporum. virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) of ghmpk20 in cotton increased the tolerance to f. oxysporum, while ectopic ghmpk20 overexpression in n. benthamiana reduced f. oxysp ...201729098751
ghr-mir5272a-mediated regulation of ghmkk6 gene transcription contributes to the immune response in cotton.fusarium wilt is a major biotic stress affecting the productivity of cotton (gossypium hirsutum). although mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades play critical roles in plant disease resistance, their intricate regulation under fungal stress remains unclear, especially with regards to microrna-mediated regulation of mapk gene expression. in this study, we report that the mapk kinase gene ghmkk6 and ghr-mir5272a work together in cotton resistance to fusarium wilt. silencing ghmkk6 in co ...201729069454
value of neonicotinoid insecticide seed treatments in mid-south cotton (gossypium hirsutum [malvales: malvaceae]) production systems.neonicotinoid insecticides are currently one of two classes of chemicals available as a seed treatment for growers to manage early season insect pests of cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. (malvales: malvaceae), and they are used on nearly 100% of cotton hectares in the midsouthern states. an analysis was performed on 100 seed-treatment trials from arkansas, louisiana, mississippi, and tennessee to determine the value of neonicotinoid seed treatments in cotton production systems. the analysis compare ...201729281077
root growth and spatial distribution characteristics for seedlings raised in substrate and transplanted cotton.in this study, transplanting cotton seedlings grown in artificial substrate is considered due to recent increased interest in cotton planting labor saving approaches. the nursery methods used for growing cotton seedlings affect root growth. however, the underlying functional responses of root growth to variations in cotton seedling transplanting methods are poorly understood. we assessed the responses of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) roots to different planting methods by conducting cotton fiel ...201729272298
structural, expression and evolutionary analysis of the non-specific phospholipase c gene family in gossypium hirsutum.nonspecific phospholipase c (npc), which belongs to a phospholipase c subtype, is a class of phospholipases that hydrolyzes the primary membrane phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine, to yield sn-1, 2-diacylglycerol and a phosphorylated head-group. npc plays multiple physiological roles in lipid metabolism and signaling in plants. to fully understand the putative roles of npc genes in upland cotton, we cloned npc genes from gossypium hirsutum and carried out structural, expression and evolu ...201729258435
long-term exposure to slightly elevated air temperature alleviates the negative impacts of short term waterlogging stress by altering nitrogen metabolism in cotton leaves.short-term waterlogging and chronic elevated temperature occur frequently in the yangtze river valley, yet the effects of these co-occurring environments on nitrogen metabolism of the subtending leaf (a major source leaf for boll development) have received little attention. in this study, plants were exposed to two temperature regimes (31.6/26.5 °c and 34.1/29.0 °c) and waterlogging events (0 d, 3 d, 6 d) during flowering and boll development. the results showed that the effects of waterlogging ...201729253802
laccase ghlac1 modulates broad-spectrum biotic stress tolerance via damp-triggered immunity.plants are constantly challenged by a multitude of pathogens and pests, which causes massive yield and quality losses annually. a promising approach to reduce such losses is to enhance the immune system of plants through genetic engineering. previous work has shown that laccases (p-diphenol:dioxygen oxidoreductase, ec 1.10.3.2) function as lignin polymerization enzymes. here we demonstrate that transgenic manipulation of the expression of the laccase gene ghlac1 in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) ca ...201729229698
interaction between calcium and potassium modulates elongation rate in cotton fiber cells.calcium (ca2+) is necessary for fiber cell development in cotton (gossypium hirsutum), both as a cell wall structural component and for environmental signaling responses. it is also known that potassium (k+) plays a critical role in cotton fiber cell elongation. however, it is unclear whether ca2+ integrates its activities with k+ to regulate fiber elongation. here, we report the novel discovery that ca2+ deficiency, when integrated with k+ signaling, promotes fiber elongation. using inductively ...201729045717
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