Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| characterization of the 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene family and the regulation of abscisic acid biosynthesis in avocado. | avocado (persea americana mill. cv lula) is a climacteric fruit that exhibits a rise in ethylene as the fruit ripens. this rise in ethylene is followed by an increase in abscisic acid (aba), with the highest level occurring just after the peak in ethylene production. aba is synthesized from the cleavage of carotenoid precursors. the cleavage of carotenoid precursors produces xanthoxin, which can subsequently be converted into aba via aba-aldehyde. indirect evidence indicates that the cleavage re ... | 2000 | 10982448 |
| plant activation of aromatic amines mediated by cytochromes p450 and flavin-containing monooxygenases. | to know the mechanisms involved in the activation of promutagenic aromatic amines mediated by plants, we used persea americana s117 system (s117) for the activation of 2-aminofluorene (2-af) and m-phenylenediamine (m-pda) in ames assays. in these assays, the effect of the diphenylene iodonium (dpi), an inhibitor of flavin-containing monooxygenases (fmos), of the 1-aminobenzotriazole (1-abt), an inhibitor of cytochromes p450 (cyt-p450s) and of the methimazole, a high-affinity substrate for fmos, ... | 2000 | 11027970 |
| inhibition by (+)-persenone [corrected] a-related compounds of nitric oxide and superoxide generation from inflammatory leukocytes. | we have previously reported that persenone a, isolated from avocado fruit, is an effective inhibitor of both nitric oxide (no) and superoxide (o2-) generation in cell culture systems. in this study, we have prepared four persenone a-related compounds and examined their inhibition of no and o2- generation from inflammatory leukocytes. some structural importance in persenone a to attenuate free radical generation is discussed. | 2000 | 11193427 |
| biological screening of selected medicinal panamanian plants by radioligand-binding techniques. | nineteen plants from the republic of panama were selected by their traditional uses in the treatment of hypertension, cardiovascular, mental and feeding disorders and 149 extracts were screened using radioligand-receptor-binding assays. the methanol:dicloromethane extracts of the bark and leaves of anacardium occidentale l., the leaves of begonia urophylla hook., the roots of bocconia frutescens l., the stems and leaves of cecropia cf.obtusifolia bertol., the branches of clusia coclensis standl. ... | 2001 | 11292241 |
| avocado fruit is a rich source of beta-sitosterol. | 2001 | 11320941 | |
| liver injury suppressing compounds from avocado (persea americana). | to evaluate the protective activity of fruits against liver injury, 22 different fruits were fed to rats with liver damage caused by d-galactosamine, a powerful liver toxin. as measured by changes in the levels of plasma alanine aminotransferase (alt) and aspartate aminotransferase (ast), avocado showed extraordinarily potent liver injury suppressing activity. five active compounds were isolated and their structures determined. these were all fatty acid derivatives, of which three, namely, (2e,5 ... | 2001 | 11368579 |
| the pathway of biosynthesis of abscisic acid in vascular plants: a review of the present state of knowledge of aba biosynthesis. | the pathway of biosynthesis of abscisic acid (aba) can be considered to comprise three stages: (i) early reactions in which small phosphorylated intermediates are assembled as precursors of (ii) intermediate reactions which begin with the formation of the uncyclized c40 carotenoid phytoene and end with the cleavage of 9'-cis-neoxanthin (iii) to form xanthoxal, the c15 skeleton of aba. the final phase comprising c15 intermediates is not yet completely defined, but the evidence suggests that xanth ... | 2001 | 11432933 |
| constituents of the flowers of persea gratissima. | the flowers of persea gratissima yielded an acylated flavonol 3-o-trans-p-coumaroylkaempferol (1), in addition to quercetin 3-o-rhamnoside (2) and isorhamnetin 3-o-glucoside (3). | 2000 | 11449484 |
| colletotrichum gloeosporioides pelb is an important virulence factor in avocado fruit-fungus interaction. | colletotrichum gloeosporioides is an important pathogen of tropical and subtropical fruits. the c. gloeosporioides pelb gene was disrupted in the fungus via homologous recombination. three independent isolates, gd-14, gd-23, and gd-29, did not produce or secrete pectate lyase b (plb) and exhibited 25% lower pectate lyase (pl) and pectin lyase (pnl) activities and 15% higher polygalacturonase (pg) activity than the wild type. the plb mutants exhibited no growth reduction on glucose, na polypectat ... | 2001 | 11497471 |
| acetyl-coa carboxylase inhibitors from avocado (persea americana mill) fruits. | a methanol extract of avocado fruits showed potent inhibitory activity against acetyl-coa carboxylase, a key enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis. the active principles were isolated and identified as (5e,12z,15z)-2-hydroxy-4-oxoheneicosa-5,12,15-trienyl (1), (2r,12z,15z)-2-hydroxy-4-oxoheneicosa-12,15-dienyl (2), (2r*,4r*)-2,4-dihydroxyheptadec-16-enyl (3) and (2r*,4r*)-2,4-dihydroxyheptadec-16-ynyl (4) acetates by instrumental analyses. the ic50 of the compounds were 4.0 x 10(-6), 4.9 x 10(-6), 9 ... | 2001 | 11515553 |
| identification of a hard surface contact-induced gene in colletotrichum gloeosporioides conidia as a sterol glycosyl transferase, a novel fungal virulence factor. | hard surface contact has been known to be necessary to induce infection structure (appressorium) formation in many phytopathogenic fungi. however, the molecular basis of this requirement is unknown. we have used a differential display approach to clone some of the genes induced in the conidia by hard surface contact. we report that one of the genes induced by hard-surface contact of the conidia of colletotrichum gloeosporioides, chip6, encodes a protein with homology to sterol glycosyl transfera ... | 2002 | 12000454 |
| purification and catalytic properties of polygalacturonase isoforms from ripe avocado (persea americana) fruit mesocarp. | endo-polygalacturonase (pg; ec 3.2.1.15) was recovered from the cell walls of avocado mesocarp (persea americana mill cv. lula) tissue and purified by sequential ion exchange and gel permeation chromatography. two isoforms (s-i and s-ii) were recovered, exhibiting molecular masses of about 41 kd on size exclusion media and about 48 (s-i) and 46 (s-ii) kda as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). both isoforms exhibited maximum activity at ph 6.0 agai ... | 2001 | 12060298 |
| defatted avocado pulp reduces body weight and total hepatic fat but increases plasma cholesterol in male rats fed diets with cholesterol. | the potential use of avocado as a fiber source was evaluated. the total dietary fiber content of fresh avocado fruit of the ettinger variety was 5.2 g/100 g. approximately 75% was insoluble, and 25% soluble. the water-holding capacity of dry defatted avocado pulp was similar to that of cellulose, and trypsin inhibitors were not detected. the dietary and metabolic consequences of the avocado pulp were studied in male rats fed normal and hypercholesterolemic diets. rats consumed semipurified diets ... | 2002 | 12097685 |
| analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract of leaves of persea americana mill (lauraceae). | the aqueous extract of persea americana leaves produced a dose-dependent inhibition of both phases of formalin pain test in mice, a reduction in mouse writhing induced by acetic acid and an elevation of pain threshold in the hot plate test in mice. the extract also produced a dose-dependent inhibition of carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema. the results obtained indicate that the extract possesses analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. | 2002 | 12165331 |
| determination by near-infrared spectroscopy of perseitol used as a marker for the botanical origin of avocado (persea americana mill.) honey. | this paper reports the application of near-infrared (nir) reflectance spectroscopy to determine the concentration in honey of perseitol, a sugar that is specific to avocado honey. reference values for perseitol were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis in 109 honey samples. although the average concentration of perseitol in honey samples was only 0.48%, accurate prediction equations were successfully developed. the regression model of modified partial least squares was sup ... | 2002 | 12207462 |
| metabolic control of avocado fruit growth (isoprenoid growth regulators and the reaction catalyzed by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase). | the effect of isoprenoid growth regulators on avocado (persea americana mill. cv hass) fruit growth and mesocarp 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase (hmgr) activity was investigated during the course of fruit ontogeny. both normal and small-fruit phenotypes were used to probe the interaction between the end products of isoprenoid biosynthesis and the activity of hmgr in the metabolic control of avocado fruit growth. kinetic analysis of the changes in both cell number and size reveale ... | 1997 | 12223724 |
| ethylene-mediated posttranscriptional regulation in ripening avocado (persea americana) mesocarp discs. | discs of avocado (persea americana) fruit (15 x 3 mm thick) kept in a stream of moist air ripen within 72 h. following cutting, a modest evolution of wound ethylene that dissipates in 24 h is followed by a burst of autocatalytic ethylene production associated with a respiratory climacteric, much as in the intact fruit. aminoethoxyvinylglycine (avg), an inhibitor of ethylene synthesis, and 2,5-norbornadiene (nbd) and ag+, inhibitors of ethylene action, inhibit disc ripening, as does 2,4-dichlorop ... | 1993 | 12231832 |
| polyuronides in avocado (persea americana) and tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) fruits exhibit markedly different patterns of molecular weight downshifts during ripening. | avocado (persea americana) fruit experience a rapid and extensive loss of firmness during ripening. in this study, we examined whether the chelator solubility and molecular weight of avocado polyuronides paralleled the accumulation of polygalacturonase (pg) activity and loss in fruit firmness. polyuronides were derived from ethanolic precipitates of avocado mesocarp prepared using a procedure to rapidly inactivate endogenous enzymes. during ripening, chelator (cyclohexane-trans-1,2-diamine tetra ... | 1993 | 12231835 |
| ethylene and wound-induced gene expression in the preclimacteric phase of ripening avocado fruit and mesocarp discs. | whereas intact postharvest avocado (persea americana mill.) fruit may take 1 or more weeks to ripen, ripening is hastened by pulsing fruit for 24 h with ethylene or propylene and is initiated promptly by cutting slices, or discs, of mesocarp tissue. because the preclimacteric lag period constitutes the extended and variable component of the ripening syndrome, we postulated that selective gene expression during the lag period leads to the triggering of the climacteric. accordingly, we sought to i ... | 1993 | 12231929 |
| chemical signals from avocado surface wax trigger germination and appressorium formation in colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | the surface wax of the host, avocado (persea americana) fruit, induced germination and appressorium formation in the spores of colletotrichum gloeosporioides. waxes from nonhost plants did not induce appressorium formation in this fungus, and avocado wax did not induce appressorium formation in most colletotrichum species that infect other hosts. bioassays of the thin-layer chromatographic fractions of the avocado wax showed that the fatty alcohol fraction was the main appressorium-inducing comp ... | 1993 | 12231933 |
| regulation of glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase in avocado fruit during development and ripening. | the activity, protein, and isoenzymic profiles of glutamate de-hydrogenase (gdh) and glutamine synthetase (gs) were studied during development and ripening of avocado (percea americana mill. cv hass) fruit. during fruit development, the activity and protein content of both gdh and gs remained relatively constant. in contrast, considerable changes in these enzymes were observed during ripening of avocado fruit. the specific activity of gdh increased about 4-fold, coincident with a similar increas ... | 1994 | 12232322 |
| persea gratissima (avocado) sterols decrease uvb induced proinflammatory mediators. | 2006 | 12392006 | |
| behavior of listeria monocytogenes in avocado pulp and processed guacamole. | the potential ability of listeria monocytogenes to grow or survive in avocado pulp (ap) and processed guacamole (pg) stored at 22, 4 to 7, and -18 degrees c was studied. both products were obtained from a factory in michoacan, mexico. pg consisted of ap mixed with dehydrated vegetables, antioxidants, and preservatives. populations of l monocytogenes in ap stored at 22 degrees c increased from 2 to 6 and 9 log cfu/g after 24 and 48 h, respectively. at 4 to 7 degrees c, the growth rate of l monocy ... | 2002 | 12430696 |
| effect of different extraction methods on fatty acids, volatile compounds, and physical and chemical properties of avocado (persea americana mill.) oil. | because mexico is the number one producer of avocados in the world, this fruit has potential as a source for oil extraction. it is appropriate to further investigate the detailed changes that the oil undergoes when different extraction methods are applied. this research paper presents the study of the physical and chemical changes, the fatty acids profile, the trans fatty acid content, and the identification of volatile compounds of the oils from avocado pulp (persea americana mill.), obtained b ... | 2003 | 12670159 |
| methyl de-esterification as a major factor regulating the extent of pectin depolymerization during fruit ripening: a comparison of the action of avocado (persea americana) and tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) polygalacturonases. | pectinmethylesterase (pme, ec 3.2.1.11) and polygalacturonase (pg, ec 3.2.1.15) are known to operate in tandem to degrade methylesterified polyuronides. in this study, pgs purified from tomato and avocado fruit were compared in terms of their capacity to hydrolyze water-soluble polyuronides from avocado before and following enzymic or chemical de-esterification. when assayed using polygalacturonic acid or polyuronides from avocado fruit, the activity of pg from tomato fruit was 3-4 times higher ... | 2003 | 12872489 |
| metabolic processes in cytoplasmic particles of the avocado fruit. v. effect of oxalacetate on the oxidation of pyruvate and succinate. | 1957 | 13416272 | |
| [detection of vitamin a in the oil of the avocado persea gratissima gaerth]. | 1963 | 14092099 | |
| microsatellite markers in avocado (persea americana mill.): genealogical relationships among cultivated avocado genotypes. | twenty-five microsatellite markers uniquely differentiated 35 avocado cultivars and two wild relatives. average heterozygosity was high (60.7%), ranging from 32% in p. steyermarkii to 84% in fuerte and bacon. in a subset of 15 cultivars, heterozygosity averaged 63.5% for microsatellites, compared to 41.8% for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps). a neighbor-joining tree, according to average shared allele distances, consisted of three clusters likely corresponding to the botanical r ... | 2006 | 14557394 |
| partitioning of photoassimilates in avocado (persea americana mill.) during flowering and fruit set. | to assess competition for photoassimilates among developing inflorescences, fruitlets and vegetative shoots in avocado (persea americana mill.), the distribution of recent photoassimilates was examined before and during flowering, fruit set, and the transition from sink to source of developing vegetative shoots. mature leaves, located proximal to developing reproductive organs, and developing leaves, located distal to those organs, were exposed to a one-hour pulse of (14)co(2). translocation of ... | 1994 | 14967710 |
| carbon dioxide exchange of developing avocado (persea americana mill.) fruit. | net efflux of co(2) from attached avocado (persea americana mill.) fruit was measured periodically from three weeks after anthesis to fruit maturity. net co(2) exchange was determined in daylight (light respiration, r(l)) at a photosynthetic photon flux (ppf) greater than 600 micromol m(-1) s(-1), and in the dark (dark respiration, r(d)). dark respiration and r(l) were highest during the early cell division stage of fruit growth (about 25 and 22 nmol co(2) g(dw) (-1) s(-1), respectively) and dec ... | 1992 | 14969969 |
| the physiological basis for loss of rootability with age in avocado seedlings. | rooting ability of cuttings from avocado (persea americana mill.) seedlings declined during the first 12 months of development. cuttings from one-year-old seedlings rooted at a similar rate to cuttings prepared from mature plants. the amount of gibberellin-like substances in the leaves decreased during this time whereas abscisic acid content increased. application of ga to avocado seedlings induced shoot elongation but failed to maintain the initial, high rooting ability. treatments with aba and ... | 1987 | 14975824 |
| xanthine dehydrogenase and aldehyde oxidase impact plant hormone homeostasis and affect fruit size in 'hass' avocado. | the contribution of xanthine dehydrogenase (xdh, ec 1.1.1.204) to fruit size was investigated using the normal and small-fruit variants of persea americana mill. cv. 'hass'. inhibition of xdh by treatment of normal fruit, in the linear phase of growth (phase ii), with allopurinol (allo) arrested fruit growth. adenine (ade), a less effective inhibitor of this enzyme, also arrested fruit growth when applied in phase ii and slowed fruit growth when applied in phase iii. a time-course study on the a ... | 2004 | 15015080 |
| two glucosylated abscisic acid derivates from avocado seeds (persea americana mill. lauraceae cv. hass). | phytochemical investigation of avocado seed material (persea americana mill., lauraceae) resulted in the isolation of two glucosylated abscisic acid derivates. one of these was not known as a natural product and can be regarded as a potential 'missing link' in abscisic acid metabolism in plants. after fractionation by high-speed countercurrent chromatography, and multiple steps of column chromatography, structures were elucidated by 1d-, 2d-nmr, electrospray-ms to be the novel beta-d-glucoside o ... | 2004 | 15081301 |
| nonhost status of commercial persea americana 'hass' to anastrepha ludens, anastrepha obliqua, anastrepha serpentina, and anastrepha striata (diptera: tephritidae) in mexico. | the objective of this study was to determine the host status in mexico of commercially cultivated and marketed avocado, persea americana (mill.), 'hass' to anastrepha ludens (loew), anastrepha obliqua (macquart), anastrepha serpentina (wiedemann), and anastrepha striata (schiner) (diptera: tephritidae). experiments in michoacán, mexico, were carried out in six orchards located at three altitudes above sea level during two times (august-october 2001 and april-june 2002). they included choice ('ha ... | 2004 | 15154448 |
| evaluation of phytochemical and antimicrobial properties of leaf extract of tapinanthus sessilifolius (p. beauv) van tiegh. | leaf extracts of t. sessilifolius growing on five different host plants (psidium guajava, citrus lemon, vernonia amygdalina, persea americana and jatropa curcas) were evaluated for antimicrobial activity of the plant. powdered leaves of t. sessilifolius collected from each host plant was divided into two portions. one portion was used for aqueous infusion and the other portion was successively extracted with hexane, ethylacetate and methanol. infusion of aqueous extract of powdered leaves did no ... | 2004 | 15233306 |
| fatty acid content of selected seed oils. | fatty acid content of selected seed oils from world-wide edible fruits, ceratonia ciliqua (carob) from caesalpiniaceae family, diospyros kaki (persimmon) from ebenaceae family, zizyphus jujuba (jujube) from rhamnaceae family, and persea gratissima (avocado pear) from lauraceae family, were determined by capillary gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (gc-ms) to find new natural sources for essential fatty acids. among the seed oils analyzed, ceratonia ciliqua has been found to have the highest e ... | 2002 | 15277087 |
| study on anti-diabetic activities of crude methanolic extracts of loranthus micranthus (linn.) sourced from five different host trees. | the hypoglycaemic and anti-hyperglycemic activities of dried leaves of loranthus micranthus (linn.) (loranthaceae), parasitic on persea americana, baphia nitda, kola acuminata, pentaclethra macrophylla, azadirchta indica, were evaluated in normoglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. normoglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats were treated (intraperitoneally) with 200 mg/kg of the respective methanolic extracts of loranthus micranthus (linn.), glibenclamide (positive control), and ... | 2004 | 15507325 |
| inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth by an avocado extract: role of lipid-soluble bioactive substances. | although the avocado is known as a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids, there has been far less attention given to its content of other bioactive substances including carotenoids, which might contribute to cancer preventive properties similar to those attributed to other fruits and vegetables. the yellow-green color of the avocado prompted us to study the carotenoid content of this fruit using established methods in our laboratory. the california hass avocado (persea americana mill.) was ... | 2005 | 15629237 |
| effect of a novel oil extraction method on avocado (persea americana mill) pulp microstructure. | avocado (persea americana mill) is an oil-rich fruit, the pulp containing up to 33% of the oil. it is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, and has nutritional properties similar to olive oil. however, there is no widespread commercial method for oil recovery from avocado pulp. the aim of this study is to contribute to the limited knowledge about the micro- and ultrastructure of avocado. it presents a micro- and ultrastructural study of avocado pulp before and after three different oil recovery m ... | 2004 | 15675146 |
| diurnal and seasonal variations in leaf hydraulic conductance in evergreen and deciduous trees. | we studied changes in the hydraulic conductance of leaves (k(leaf)) between dawn and dusk during the growth period (july) and at midday at the beginning of autumn in four tree species. the main objectives of the study were to check the extent of diurnal and seasonal changes in k(leaf) and the relationships between k(leaf), irradiance and leaf gas exchange. two evergreen (aleurites moluccana and persea americana) and two deciduous trees (platanus orientalis and quercus rubra) were studied. leaf h ... | 2005 | 15687099 |
| carotenoid absorption from salad and salsa by humans is enhanced by the addition of avocado or avocado oil. | dietary lipids are hypothesized to be an important factor for carotenoid bioavailability. however, most carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables are low in lipids. the objective of this study was to assess whether the addition of avocado fruit as a lipid source enhances carotenoid absorption in humans. healthy subjects (n = 11/study) were recruited for 2 crossover, postprandial studies. the effect of avocado addition (150 g) to salsa on lycopene and beta-carotene absorption was examined in study 1, ... | 2005 | 15735074 |
| resveratrol treatment controls microbial flora, prolongs shelf life, and preserves nutritional quality of fruit. | resveratrol is known as a grapevine secondary metabolite with fungicide activity. its exogenous application on harvested grapes resulted in the reduction of microbial flora growth, and consequently, prolonged shelf life, without affecting the nutritional quality of the fruit. resveratrol treatment also resulted in being effective on fruit that normally does not accumulate such metabolites as, for example, tomatoes, apples, avocado pears, and peppers. as a result, all treated fruits maintained th ... | 2005 | 15740035 |
| [study of the anti-icteric and hepatoprotective activity of persea gratissima gaertner (lauraceae) seeds ]. | the lyophilisat of persea gratissima gaertner almonds was administered in various quantities to eighty four rats divided in three groups of twenty eight. in the first group (negative reference group), each animal was forcefed with 5 ml of distilled water on a daily basis, in the second group (positive reference group), the rats were forcefed with 5 ml of distilled water per day, after they were intoxicated with 0,3 ml of carbon tetrachloride under cutaneous injection, in the third group (experim ... | 2001 | 15773170 |
| vasorelaxant action of aqueous extract of the leaves of persea americana on isolated thoracic rat aorta. | the present study investigated the vasorelaxant action of the aqueous leaves extract of persea americana on isolated rat aorta. the results showed that the extract produced significant vasorelaxation and that the effect is dependent on the synthesis or release of endothelium-derived relaxing factors (edrfs) as well as the release of prostanoid. the extract also reduced vasoconstriction probably by inhibiting ca2+ influx through calcium channels. | 2005 | 15990249 |
| trypanocidal constituents in plants 5. evaluation of some mexican plants for their trypanocidal activity and active constituents in the seeds of persea americana. | crude extracts of mexican medicinal plants were screened for trypanocidal activity against trypanosoma cruzi, which is the etiological agent for chagas' disease, one of the most serious protozoan diseases in latin america. there were 71 kinds of methanolic and other organic extracts from 65 plants, which were newly examined by a preliminary screening test to observe immobilization of epimastigotes and trypomastigotes of t. cruzi in vitro. the meoh extract of seeds of persea americana (avocado) s ... | 2005 | 15997123 |
| effect of ammonia production by colletotrichum gloeosporioides on pelb activation, pectate lyase secretion, and fruit pathogenicity. | the accumulation of ammonia and associated tissue alkalinization predispose avocado fruit to attack by colletotrichum gloeosporioides. secretion of ammonia by c. gloeosporioides in the presence of kno3 was induced by decreasing the ph from 7.0 to 4.0. when the fungus was grown at ph 4.0 or 6.0 in the absence of a nitrogen source, ammonia did not accumulate, and neither pelb (encoding pectate lyase) transcription nor pectate lyase secretion was detected. under these nitrogen starvation conditions ... | 2006 | 16461646 |
| phylogenetic diversification of glycogen synthase kinase 3/shaggy-like kinase genes in plants. | the glycogen synthase kinase 3 (gsk3)/shaggy-like kinases (gsks) are non-receptor serine/threonine protein kinases that are involved in a variety of biological processes. in contrast to the two members of the gsk3 family in mammals, plants appear to have a much larger set of divergent gsk genes. plant gsks are encoded by a multigene family; analysis of the arabidopsis genome revealed the existence of 10 gsk genes that fall into four major groups. here we characterized the structure of arabidopsi ... | 2006 | 16504046 |
| expression of a ripening-related avocado (persea americana) cytochrome p450 in yeast. | one of the mrnas that accumulates during the ripening of avocado (persea americana mill. cv hass) has been previously identified as a cytochrome p450 (p450) monooxygenase and the corresponding gene designated cyp71a1. in this report we demonstrate that during ripening the accumulation of antigenically detected cyp71a1 gene product (cyp71a1) correlates with increases in total p450 and two p450-dependent enzyme activities: para-chloro-n-methylaniline demethylase, and trans-cinnamic acid hydroxylas ... | 1992 | 16653226 |
| growth and water relations of the avocado fruit. | 1936 | 16653349 | |
| relation of the production of an active emanation to respiration in the avocado fruit. | 1944 | 16653933 | |
| metabolic processes in cytoplasmic particles of the avocado fruit. iii. the operation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. | 1957 | 16654950 | |
| metabolic processes in cytoplasmic particles of the avocado fruit. iv. ripening and the supernatant fraction. | 1957 | 16655063 | |
| respiration & internal atmosphere of avocado fruit. | 1963 | 16655774 | |
| metabolic processes in cytoplasmic particles of the avocado fruit. vi. controlled oxidations and coupled phosphorylations. | 1964 | 16655919 | |
| phosphorylation in avocado fruit slices in relation to the respiratory climacteric. | the rate of uptake of inorganic phosphate by tissue discs from both preclimacteric and climacteric peak avocados is linear for at least 60 minutes. the loss of (32)p upon excessive washing was much greater from peak than from preclimacteric tissue. short incubation periods and, most important, rapid washing procedures are essential for meaningful comparisons.phosphate esterification proceeded at a much greater rate in climacteric than in preclimacteric tissue. the phosphorylation was sensitive t ... | 1967 | 16656663 |
| metabolism of carbon-14-labeled benzene and tolueue in avocado fruit. | 1969 | 16657134 | |
| comparative studies of effect of auxin and ethylene on permeability and synthesis of rna and protein. | the effects of ethylene on permeability and rna and protein synthesis were assayed over a 6 to 26 hr period in tissue sections from avocado (persea gratissima gaertn. f., var. fuerte), both pulp and peel of banana (musa sapientum l., var. gros michel), bean endocarp (phaseolus vulgaris l., var. kentucky wonder pole beans) and leaves of rhoeo discolor. ethylene had no effect on permeability in 4 of the 5 tissues, but sometimes enhanced solute uptake in banana peel; it had either no effect or an i ... | 1969 | 16657212 |
| cytokinin activity in avocado seeds during fruit development. | the soybean callus bioassay was used to determine levels of cytokinin activity in avocado (persea americana) seeds.in the embryo, levels are high during the early stages of development, but diminish as the fruit grows. the level of cytokinin activity in the endosperm is very high throughout the period that this tissue exists. the seed coats have very high activity levels while the fruit is young, reaching values comparable with those found in the endosperm. the activity level falls as the rate o ... | 1970 | 16657459 |
| cytokinin and inhibitor activities in the avocado fruit mesocarp. | no cytokinin activity was found in methanolic mesocarp extracts after purification with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. cytokinin activity did appear, however, in aqueous fraction after acid hydrolysis or passage through dowex 50 (h(+)) ion exchange columns. the level of this activity, the fruit growth rate, and the cell division rate were found to be positively correlated (with each other).an inhibitor to cytokinin activity in soybean callus bioassay was found in the petroleum ether fraction ... | 1970 | 16657460 |
| pectin methylesterase and polygalacturonase in avocado fruit at various stages of development. | 1972 | 16658064 | |
| water-deficit stress, ethylene production, and ripening in avocado fruits. | differential rates of water loss were achieved in picked avocado (persea americana mill.) fruits, either by controlling the evaporation rate or by supplying water through the fruit stalk. a negative linear correlation was found between the daily rate of water loss from fruits and their ripening, as determined by the time from harvest to peak of ethylene production. ripening rate was hastened by 40% in fruits which had lost water at rate of 2.9% fresh weight per day, compared with those which los ... | 1974 | 16658649 |
| postharvest response of avocado fruits of different maturity to delayed ethylene treatments. | the effect of 10, 100, 1000, 10,000 ppm of ethylene, applied for 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours, on the ripening rate of "hass" avocado (persea americana mill.) fruits at three stages of maturity was investigated. ethylene treatments were started either immediately after picking or 2 days later. a sharp peak of ethylene production was found to precede full softening by about 2 days and the occurrence of this peak was used to determine ripening rate. hastening of fruit ripening was much more marked follo ... | 1974 | 16658812 |
| fat metabolism in higher plants: lxii. stearl-acyl carrier protein desaturase from spinach chloroplasts. | stearyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase (ec 1.14.99.6), present in the stroma fraction of spinach (spinacia oleracea) chloroplasts, rapidly desaturated enzymatically prepared stearyl-acyl carrier protein to oleic acid. no other substrates were desaturated. in addition to stearyl-acyl carrier protein, reduced ferredoxin was an essential component of the system. the electron donor systems were either ascorbate, dichlorophenolindophenol, photosystem i and light, or nadph and ferredoxin-nadp reducta ... | 1974 | 16658913 |
| similarities between the actions of ethylene and cyanide in initiating the climacteric and ripening of avocados. | a continuous exposure of intact avocados (persea americana) to 400 mul/l of cyanide results in a rapid increase in the rate of respiration, followed by a rise in ethylene production, and eventual ripening. the pattern of changes in the glycolytic intermediates glucose 6-phosphate, fructose diphosphate, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, and phosphoenolpyruvate during the rapid rise in respiration in both ethylene and cyanide-treated fruits is similar to that found in fruits made anaerobic where a 2.3- to 3 ... | 1974 | 16658918 |
| the effect of tonicity and metabolic inhibitors on respiration and ripening of avocado fruit slices. | the ripening of avocado (persea americana mill.) fruit slices was inhibited whether they were floated in water or in buffered aqueous 0.3 m mannitol, 0.25 m kcl, and sucrose. there was no evidence to support the contention that ripening occurred when the tonicity of the bathing medium was increased. decreased gaseous exchange is considered to be a major cause of this inhibition because by utilizing a technique that afforded better aeration, slices could be water infiltrated and still ripen norma ... | 1974 | 16658998 |
| acid phosphatase development during ripening of avocado. | the activity and subcellular distribution of acid phosphatase were assayed during ethylene-induced ripening of whole fruit or thick slices of avocado (persea americana mill. var. fuerte and hass). the activity increased up to 30-fold during ripening in both the supernatant fraction and the triton x-100 extract of the precipitate of a 30,000g centrifugation of tissue homogenates from whole fruit or slices ripening in moist air. enzyme activity in the residual precipitate after triton extraction r ... | 1975 | 16659087 |
| the effect of indole-3-acetic acid and other growth regulators on the ripening of avocado fruits. | observations were made of the effects of several plant regulators, indole-3-acetic acid, kinetin, abscisic acid, and gibberellic acid, as well as of extracts prepared from leaves and fruit stalks on the respiration pattern, ethylene production, and the number of days to ripen of avocado fruits (persea americana mill.). these substances were vacuum infiltrated to insure good penetration and distribution. kinetin, abscisic acid, gibberellic acid, and the extracts had no effect on either ripening t ... | 1975 | 16659195 |
| ripening and in vitro retention of respiratory control by avocado and pear mitochondria. | the retention of respiratory control ("survival") by mitochondria held at 25 c was studied in relation to the ripening of two varieties of avocado (persea americana mill. var. ;fuerte' and ;hass') and one variety of pear (pyrus communis. l. var. ;bartlett') fruit. the survival of avocado mitochondria increased from 8 to 10 hours when isolated from unripe, preclimacteric fruit, to 48 hours when isolated from fully ripe, postclimacteric fruits. although rates of alpha-ketoglutarate oxidation, resp ... | 1975 | 16659279 |
| influence of plant hormones on ethylene production in apple, tomato, and avocado slices during maturation and senescence. | ethylene production by tissue slices from preclimacteric, climacteric, and postclimacteric apples was significantly reduced by isopentenyl adenosine (ipa), and by mixtures of ipa and indoleacetic acid, and of ipa, indoleacetic acid, and gibberellic acid after 4 hours of incubation. ethylene production by apple (pyrus malus l.) slices in abscisic acid was increased in preclimacteric tissues, decreased in climacteric peak tissues, and little affected in postclimacteric tissues. indoleacetic acid s ... | 1977 | 16660062 |
| succinoxidase activity of avocado fruit mitochondria in relation to temperature and chilling injury throughout the climacteric cycle. | mitochondria were isolated from ;fuerte' avocado fruit (persea americana mill.) at four different stages of the respiratory climacteric. preclimacteric fruit had the highest rate of succinate oxidation and the postclimacteric mitochondria the lowest. subsequently, successive additions of adp increased the respiratory control ratio.arrhenius plots of succinate oxidation of intact mitochondria from climacteric rise and climacteric peak fruit showed two transition temperatures, while only one was o ... | 1977 | 16660117 |
| cellulase activity and fruit softening in avocado. | cellulase activity in detached avocado (persea americana mill.) fruits was found to be directly correlated with ripening processes such as climacteric rise of respiration, ethylene evolutin, and softening. this activity in the pericarp could be induced by ethylene treatment, and the more mature the fruit-the faster and the greater was the response. only a very low cellulase activity could be detected in hard avocado fruit right after harvest. cellulase activity was highest at the distal end of t ... | 1978 | 16660305 |
| respiratory contribution of the alternate path during various stages of ripening in avocado and banana fruits. | the respiration of fresh slices of preclimacteric avocado (persea americana mill. var. hass) and banana (musa cavendishii var. valery) fruits is stimulated by cyanide and antimycin. the respiration is sensitive to m-chlorobenzhydroxamic acid in the presence of cyanide but much less so in the presence of antimycin. in the absence of cyanide the contribution of the cyanide-resistant pathway to the coupled preclimacteric respiration is zero. in uncoupled slices, by contrast, the alternate path is e ... | 1978 | 16660495 |
| postharvest variation in cellulase, polygalacturonase, and pectinmethylesterase in avocado (persea americana mill, cv. fuerte) fruits in relation to respiration and ethylene production. | cellulase, polygalacturonase (pg), pectinmethylesterase (pme), respiration, and ethylene production were determined in single "fuerte" avocado fruits from the day of harvest through the start of fruit breakdown. pme declined from its maximum value at the time of picking to a low level early in the climacteric. pg activity was not detectable in the preclimacteric stage, increased during the climacteric, and continued to increase during the postclimacteric phase to a level three times greater than ... | 1979 | 16660954 |
| biosynthesis of ethylene from methionine in aminoethoxyvinylglycine-resistant avocado tissue. | this study was conducted to determine if aminoethoxyvinylglycine (avg) insensitivity in avocado (persea americana mill., lula, haas, and bacon) tissue was due to an alternate pathway of ethylene biosynthesis from methionine. avg, at 0.1 millimolar, had little or no inhibitory effect on either total ethylene production or [(14)c] ethylene production from [(14)c]methionine in avocado tissue at various stages of ripening. however, aminoxyacetic acid (aoa), which inhibits 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carbo ... | 1982 | 16662192 |
| potentiating effect of pure oxygen on the enhancement of respiration by ethylene in plant storage organs: a comparative study. | a number of fruits and bulky storage organs were studied with respect to the effect of pure o(2) on the extent and time-course of the respiratory rise induced by ethylene. in one group, of which potato (solanum tuberosum var. russet) and carrot (daucus carota) are examples, the response to ethylene in o(2) is much greater than in air. in a second group, of which avocado (persea americana mill. var. hass) and banana (musa cavendishii lambert var. valery) are examples, air and o(2) are equally eff ... | 1982 | 16662339 |
| preparation of avocado mitochondria using self-generated percoll density gradients and changes in buoyant density during ripening. | mitochondria from avocado (persea americana mill, var. fuerte and hass) can be rapidly prepared at every stage of ripening using differential centrifugation and self-generated percoll gradients. the procedure results in improved oxidative and phosphorylative properties, especially for mitochondria isolated from preclimacteric fruits.a gradual change in the buoyant density of avocado mitochondria takes place during ripening. climacteric and postclimacteric avocado mitochondria have the same buoya ... | 1982 | 16662683 |
| malate oxidation and cyanide-insensitive respiration in avocado mitochondria during the climacteric cycle. | after preparation on self-generated percoll gradients, avocado (persea americana mill, var. fuerte and hass) mitochondria retain a high proportion of cyanide-insensitive respiration, especially with alpha-ketoglutarate and malate as substrates. whereas alpha-ketoglutarate oxidation remains unchanged, the rate of malate oxidation increases as ripening advances through the climacteric. an enhancement of mitochondrial malic enzyme activity, measured by the accumulation of pyruvate, closely parallel ... | 1982 | 16662684 |
| intermediates in the recycling of 5-methylthioribose to methionine in fruits. | the recycling of 5-methylthioribose (mtr) to methionine in avocado (persea americana mill, cv hass) and tomato (lycopersicum esculentum mill, cv unknown) was examined. [(14)ch(3)]mtr was not metabolized in cell free extract from avocado fruit. either [(14)ch(3)]mtr plus atp or [(14)ch(3)]5-methylthioribose-1-phosphate (mtr-1-p) alone, however, were metabolized to two new products by these extracts. mtr kinase activity has previously been detected in these fruit extracts. these data indicate that ... | 1983 | 16663204 |
| interrelationship of gene expression, polysome prevalence, and respiration during ripening of ethylene and/or cyanide-treated avocado fruit. | upon initiation of ripening in avocado fruit (persea americana mill. cv hass) with 10 microliters/liter ethylene, polysome prevalence and associated poly(a)(+) mrna increase approximately 3-fold early in the respiratory climacteric and drop off to preclimacteric levels at the peak of the respiratory climacteric. the increase in poly(a)(+) mrna on polysomes early in the respiratory climacteric constitutes a generic increase in constitutive mrnas. new gene expression associated with ripening is mi ... | 1984 | 16663414 |
| comparative effects of ethylene and cyanide on respiration, polysome prevalence, and gene expression in carrot roots. | treatment of carrot roots (daucus carota l.) with 10 microliters per liter ethylene in o(2) evokes a three- to four-fold increase in polysome prevalence and associated poly(a)(+) rna. the increase in polysome prevalence is attended by a similar change in co(2) evolution. the increase in polysomal poly(a)(+) mrna constitutes primarily a generic increase in constitutive mrnas as assayed by in vitro translation. however, changes in the relative abundance of several in vitro translatable ethylene sp ... | 1984 | 16663623 |
| partial purification and characterization of arginine decarboxylase from avocado fruit, a thermostable enzyme. | a partially purified preparation of arginine decarboxylase (ec 4.1.1.19), a key enzyme in polyamine metabolism in plants, was isolated from avocado (persea americana mill. cv fuerte) fruit. the preparation obtained from the crude extract after ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis, and heat treatment, had maximal activity between ph 8.0 and 9.0 at 60 degrees c, in the presence of 1.2 millimolar mncl(2), 2 millimolar dithiothreitol, and 0.06 millimolar pyridoxal phosphate. the k(m), of arginin ... | 1984 | 16663805 |
| effects of low temperature and respiratory inhibitors on calcium flux in plant mitochondria. | the effects of low temperature on uptake and release of (45)ca(2+) were studied with sound, well-coupled mitochondria extracted at room temperature from avocado (persea americana mill, cv fuerte) fruits. low ca(2+) concentrations (10 micromolar) were employed to simulate physiological conditions. at 25 degrees c, the rate of ca(2+) uptake decreased with time, whereas at 5 degrees c the initial rate, though lower, remained linear. as a consequence total uptake at 5 degrees c was substantially gre ... | 1985 | 16664154 |
| regulation of ethylene biosynthesis in avocado fruit during ripening. | preclimacteric avocado (persea americana mill.) fruits produced very little ethylene and had only a trace amount of l-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) and a very low activity of acc synthase. in contrast, a significant amount of l-(malonylamino)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (macc) was detected during the preclimacteric stage. in harvested fruits, both acc synthase activity and the level of acc increased markedly during the climacteric rise reaching a peak shortly before the climacteric ... | 1986 | 16664762 |
| synthesis and processing of cellulase from ripening avocado fruit. | the biosynthesis and processing of cellulase from ripening avocado fruit was studied. the mature protein is a glycoprotein, as judged by concanavalin a binding, with a molecular weight of 54,200. upon complete deglycosylation by treatment with trifluoromethane sulfonic acid the mature protein has a molecular weight of 52,800 whereas the immunoprecipitated in vitro translation product has a molecular weight of 54,000. this result indicates that cellulase is synthesized as a large molecular weight ... | 1986 | 16664911 |
| regulation of climacteric respiration in ripening avocado fruit. | ripening of avocado fruit is associated with a dramatic increase in respiration. in vivo(31)p nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed large increases in atp levels accompanying the increase in respiration. both glycolytic enzymes, phosphofructokinase, and pyrophosphate: fructose-6-phosphate phosphotransferase were present in avocado fruit with the latter activity being highly stimulated by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels increased approximately 90% at the ons ... | 1987 | 16665374 |
| interference of phenolic compounds with the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid assay. | the yields of ethylene from endogenous and exogenous 1-aminocyclo-propane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) in avocado (persea americana mill.) fruit pedicel extracts were very low when assayed by the method of lizada and yang (1979 anal biochem 100: 140-145). addition of phenolic compounds, which are present in avocado tissues, to the assay mixture significantly reduced the conversion efficiency of acc to ethylene. a negative correlation was found between the amount of the plant material in the assay mix ... | 1988 | 16665853 |
| interrelationship of polyamine and ethylene biosynthesis during avocado fruit development and ripening. | concentrations of polyamines (pa) and the activities of the pa-synthesizing enzymes ornithine decarboxylase (odc) and arginine decarboxylase (adc) extracted from the mesocarp tissue of avocado (persea americana mill, cv ;simmonds') fruits at different stages of development were compared with dna content and the activities of 5'-methylthioadenosine (mta) nucleosidase and 5-methylthioribose (mtr) kinase. putrescine, spermidine, and spermine were at their peak concentrations during the early stages ... | 1988 | 16666165 |
| cyanide metabolism in relation to ethylene production in plant tissues. | hcn is the putative product of c-1 and amino moieties of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) during its conversion to ethylene. in apple (malus sylvestrus mill.) slices or auxin-treated mungbean (vigna radiata l.) hypocotyls, which produced ethylene at high rates, the steady state concentration of hcn was found to be no higher than 0.2 micromolar, which was too low to inhibit respiration (reported ki for hcn to inhibit respiration was 10-20 micromolar). however, these tissues became cyan ... | 1988 | 16666329 |
| cytochrome p-450 from the mesocarp of avocado (persea americana). | the microsomal fraction from the mesocarp of avocado (persea americana) is one of few identified rich sources of plant cytochrome p-450. cytochrome p-450 from this tissue has been solubilized and purified. enzymatic assays (p-chloro-n-methylaniline demethylase) and spectroscopic observations of substrate binding suggest a low spin form of the cytochrome, resembling that in the microsomal membrane, can be recovered. however, this preparation of native protein is a mixture of nearly equal proporti ... | 1989 | 16666677 |
| hydrolytic enzyme activities and protein pattern of avocado fruit ripened in air and in low oxygen, with and without ethylene. | the effect of 2.5% o(2) atmosphere with and without ethylene on the activities of hydrolytic enzymes associated with cell walls, and total protein profile during ripening of avocado fruits (persea americana mill., cv hass) were investigated. the low 2.5% o(2) atmosphere prevented the rise in the activities of cellulase, polygalacturonase, and acid phosphatase in avocado fruits whose ripening was initiated with ethylene. addition of 100 microliters per liter ethylene to low o(2) atmosphere did no ... | 1989 | 16666746 |
| evidence for a universal pathway of abscisic acid biosynthesis in higher plants from o incorporation patterns. | previous labeling studies of abscisic acid (aba) with (18)o(2) have been mainly conducted with water-stressed leaves. in this study, (18)o incorporation into aba of stressed leaves of various species was compared with (18)o labeling of aba of turgid leaves and of fruit tissue in different stages of ripening. in stressed leaves of all six species investigated, avocado (persea americana), barley (hordeum vulgare), bean (phaseolus vulgaris), cocklebur (xanthium strumarium), spinach (spinacia olerac ... | 1989 | 16667222 |
| the effect of ethylene and propylene pulses on respiration, ripening advancement, ethylene-forming enzyme, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase activity in avocado fruit. | when early-season avocado fruit (persea americana mill. cv hass) were treated with ethylene or propylene for 24 hours immediately on picking, the time to the onset of the respiratory climacteric, i.e. the lag period, remained unchanged compared with that in untreated fruit. when fruit were pulsed 24 hours after picking, on the other hand, the lag period was shortened. in both cases, however, a 24 hour ethylene or propylene pulse induced a transient increase in respiration, called the pulse-peak, ... | 1991 | 16668073 |
| sequence analysis and comparison of avocado fruit and bean abscission cellulases. | a 1700 nucleotide cdna clone for a bean (phaseolus vulgaris cv red kidney) abscission cellulase (endo-(1,4)-beta-d-glucanase) has been identified and sequenced. this cdna clone contains a 1485 nucleotide open reading frame which includes coding sequences for a putative signal peptide and mature protein. the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences for the bean abscission cellulase are compared to the previously reported sequences of an avocado fruit ripening cellulase. optimal alignment of th ... | 1991 | 16668074 |
| xylanase and xylosidase activities in avocado fruit. | the activities of xylanase and xylosidase were demonstrated in mature avocado (persea americana mill.) fruits from different cultivars. when monitored on the day of harvest during the season at 1-month intervals, xylanase activity decreased and xylosidase activity increased between january and february and then remained stable until may. when monitored during the ripening process (january harvest), xylanase activity was constant, and xylosidase activity reached a peak at the climax of ethylene e ... | 1991 | 16668079 |
| metabolically driven self-restoration of energy-linked functions by avocado mitochondria: general characteristics and phosphorylative aspects. | to assess the restorative capacity of isolated avocado (persea americana) fruit mitochondria, the organelles were first aged in the absence of an energy source at 25 degrees c for several hours until respiratory control and oxidative phosphorylation were greatly diminished or totally lost. energy-linked functions were then gradually restored over a period of several hours after the addition of substrate. restoration of respiratory control resulted from both an increase in state 3 and a decrease ... | 1991 | 16668096 |
| suppression of cellulase and polygalacturonase and induction of alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzymes in avocado fruit mesocarp subjected to low oxygen stress. | expression of polygalacturonase and cellulase, two hydrolytic enzymes of avocado (persea americana, cv hass) fruit which are synthesized de novo during ripening, and alcohol dehydrogenase, a known anaerobic protein, were studied under different o(2) regimes. low o(2) concentrations (2.5-5.5%) diminished the accumulation of polygalacturonase and cellulase proteins and the expression of their isoenzymes. this pattern of change in cellulase protein was also reflected in the steady-state amount of i ... | 1991 | 16668163 |
| involvement of wound and climacteric ethylene in ripening avocado discs. | avocado (persea americana mill. cv hass) discs (3 mm thick) ripened in approximately 72 hours when maintained in a flow of moist air and resembled ripe fruit in texture and taste. ethylene evolution by discs of early and midseason fruit was characterized by two distinct components, viz. wound ethylene, peaking at approximately 18 hours, and climacteric ethylene, rising to a peak at approximately 72 hours. a commensurate respiratory stimulation accompanied each ethylene peak. aminoethoxyvinyl gly ... | 1991 | 16668458 |
| cellulase occurs in multiple active forms in ripe avocado fruit mesocarp. | the existence of multiple forms of avocado (persea americana mill. cv hass) cellulase in crude protein extracts of ripe avocado fruit is reported. cellulase was separated into at least 11 multiple forms by native isoelectric focusing in the ph range between 4 and 7 and visualized by both activity staining using congo red and immunostaining. the enzyme components were acidic proteins with isoelectric points in the range of ph 5.10 to 6.80, the predominant forms having isoelectric points of 5.60, ... | 1992 | 16668672 |
| ripening-related gene from avocado fruit : ethylene-inducible expression of the mrna and polypeptide. | fruit ripening involves a series of changes in gene expression regulated by the phytohormone ethylene. avoe3, a ripening-related gene in avocado fruit (persea americana mill. cv hass), was characterized with regard to its ethylene-regulated expression. the avoe3 mrna and immunopositive protein were induced in mature fruit within 12 hours of propylene treatment. the avoe3 mrna levels reached a maximum 1 to 2 days before the ethylene climacteric, whereas the immunopositive protein continued to acc ... | 1992 | 16668676 |
| interactions of avocado (persea americana) cytochrome p-450 with monoterpenoids. | the microsomal fraction of avocado (persea americana) mesocarp is a rich source of cytochrome p-450 active in the demethylation of xenobiotics. cytochrome p-450 from this tissue has been purified and well characterized at the molecular level (dp o'keefe, kj leto [1989] plant physiol 89: 1141-1149; kr bozak, h yu, r sirevag, re christoffersen [1990] proc natl acad sci usa 87: 3904-3908). despite this extensive characterization, the role of the enzyme in vivo was not established. optical and elect ... | 1992 | 16668790 |